1)

Helicase: separates the two strands of the DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds formed
between the bases.
DNA polymerase: synthesizes DNA molecules from their nucleotide building blocks
DNA ligase: facilitates the joining of DNA strands together, in order to paste the gene
that is extracted from another molecule by endonucleases. The genes are transported
by plasmids.
Endonucleases: recognizes and cuts specific parts of DNA in sets of four or six base
pairs, in order for them to be put in other DNA molecules
2)
Transcription: begins with the unzipping of DNA strands by an enzyme called helicase.
Then, a RNA polymerase moves along the DNA strand acting as the template, and
joining the RNA nucleotides that float into place by complementary base pairing,
forming an mRNA strand.