SOPHOMORE BIOLOGY

ALTERNATIVE DISSECTION PACKET

This packet must be completed and handed in no later than
th
Friday, March 17
at 3:15 pm.

It is your responsibility to keep track of this packet throughout the week.

Because of the time constraints associated with our specimens,
No extensions will be granted on this assignment.

Name:________________________________________
Date and time packet was handed into the bin
_________________

Biology:
Dissection Alternative
Name:
____________________________

Worksheet 3:

Oral Cavity & Digestive System

Date Complete:

______

1. What is the function of the epiglottis?

2. What are the functions of the liver?

3. What is the function of the gallbladder?

4. What is the function of the diaphragm?

Is this muscle voluntary or involuntary?

5. The small intestine contains villi, which increase surface area for absorption. What is being absorbed?

6. What is not happening within the intestines when an animal has diarrhea?

7. What organ is located near the caecum in humans?

8. What are the functions of the pancreas?

9. What is the function of the spleen?

Biology:
Dissection Alternative
Name:
____________________________

Worksheet 4:

Circulatory System
Date Complete:

_______

1. Complete the song below, which outlines the flow of blood through the heart.
Use your knowledge of pulmonary and systemic circulation, the heart diagram we completed in class, and other prior
knowledge to fill-in the blanks below. Be sure to specify LEFT or RIGHT where appropriate for full credit.

Right Side of the Heart

Blood enters the heart through two large veins, the inferior and superior ______________________, emptying
oxygen-poor blood from the body into the _________________________________ of the heart.
As the ___________________ contracts, blood flows from your _______________________ into your
______________________________ through the open ______________________________.
When the ________________________ is full, the ____________________________ shuts. This prevents blood
from flowing backward into the atria while the ventricle contracts.
As the ventricle contracts, blood leaves the heart through the pulmonic valve, into the
_____________________________________ and to the lungs where it is oxygenated.
Through the Lungs
Once blood travels through the pulmonic valve, it enters your lungs. This is called the pulmonary circulation.
From your pulmonic valve, blood travels to the pulmonary artery to tiny capillary vessels in the lungs.
Here, oxygen travels from the tiny air sacs in the lungs, through the walls of the capillaries, into the blood via
______________________. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, passes from
the blood into the air sacs via _______________________.
____________________ leaves the body when you exhale. Once the blood is purified and oxygenated, it
travels back to the ______________________through the __________________________.
Left Side of the Heart
The _______________________________ empties oxygen-rich blood from the lungs into the
________________________________ of the heart.
As the _______________ contracts, blood flows from your ______________________________ into your
______________________________ through the open ____________________________ valve.
When the _________________________ is full, the __________________________ valve shuts. This prevents
blood from flowing backward into the atrium while the ventricle contracts.
As the ventricle contracts, blood leaves the heart through the aortic valve, into the aorta and to the body.

Biology:
Dissection Alternative
Name:
____________________________
Complete:
_______
1.

Compare the trachea to the esophagus?

a. What is structurally different about these two tubes?

b. Why does this structural difference exist?

2. List the major parts of the respiratory system and their function below.

Worksheet 5:

Respiratory System
Date

Biology:
Dissection Alternative

Worksheet 6:

Urogenital & Reproductive Systems

Date

Name:
____________________________
Complete:
_______

1. Color, label and explain the function of each part of the urinary tract system.

2. Compare male and female anatomy. List the male parts of the reproductive system on one side of the t-chart.
On the other side, list the analogous (comparable) female part.

Male

Female

Biology:
Dissection Alternative
System
Name:
____________________________
Complete:
_______
1. Color and label the following areas of the brain and explain the function of each.

Worksheet 8:

Nervous
Date

The mammalian brain is a fascinating organ. The Obama administration has begun a new initiative to
prioritize research that works to map the human brain. Its amazing to think that we have successful space
missions on a regular basis, but still know very little about how our brains function.

Write and answer your own question about the mammalian brain.

Biology: Final Exam

Fetal Pig Dissection

For each term listed below tell me its function(s).

Oral Cavity
_____ Tongue: Used for talking, chewing, and tasting
_____ Canines:Used to tear food
_____ Incisors:Used to cut through food
_____ Molars:Used to grind food
_____ Epiglottis:Directs food into the esophagus and keeps it out of airways
Digestive System
_____ Esophagus:The upper part of the digestive tract
_____ Liver:Detoxifies,performs protein synthesis,decomposition of red blood cells,hormone production
_____ Gallbladder:Stores and excretes bile
_____ Stomach:Digests food
_____ Rugae:A wrinkle in the lining of the stomach
_____ Pancreas:Secretes digestive fluid into the intestines and secretes the hormone insulin
_____ Small intestines:Where the largest part of digestion and food absorption happens
_____ Villi:They absorb nutriment
_____Caecum:The pouch that marks the beginning of the large intestine
_____Appendix:
_____ Large intestines:Connects the small intestine to the anus
_____ Rectum:Connects with the outside by the anus and enables defecation.
_____ Anus:Where the solid refuge of digestion is secreted
Circulatory System
_____ Heart:Makes blood circulate throughout the body

_____ Superior & Inferior Vena Cava:The two veins discharging blood into the right atrium of the heart, the superior
vena cava conveys blood from the head, chest, and upper body and the inferior vena cava conveys blood from all
parts below the diaphragm.
_____ Right atrium:Receives deoxygenated blood
_____ Right ventricle:Propels blood into the pulmonary trunk
_____ Pulmonary arteries:Conveys blood from the right ventricle into the lungs
_____ Pulmonary veins:Conveys oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
_____ Left atrium:Receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins
_____ Left ventricle:Propels oxygen-rich blood into the aorta
_____ Ascending and descending aorta: Ascending aorta irrigates the heart, Descending aorta is part of the aorta
formed by the thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta.
Respiratory System
_____ Trachea:The principal passage for conveying air to and from the lungs; the windpipe
_____ Explain why the trachea has rings of cartilage and the esophagus does not.The esophagus is made of muscle
and can stay open on its own, and the trachea is not made of muscle so it needs the cartilage rings to stay open.
_____ Bronchi:The two main branches of the trachea
_____ Lungs:Enriches blood with oxygen
_____ Diaphragm:Muscle that separates the thorax from the abdomen
Urogenital System
_____ Kidneys:Filters blood and produces urine
_____ Renal artery and vein:Renal artery distributes to the kidneys, renal vein accompanies the renal artery and
opens into the vena cava
_____ Cortex and medulla:Cortex is the outer region of an organ, medulla is the marrow like center of an organ
_____ Ureter:Carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder
_____ Bladder:Where urine temporarily collects
_____ Urethra:Allows urination
Reproductive System
Male
_____ Scrotum:Supports and protects the testes
_____ Testes:Produces sperm

_____ Epididymis:Stores sperm while they mature

_____ Vas deferens:Carries sperm to the prostate
_____ Penis:Urinary/sexual
Female
_____ Ovaries:Develops ova and hormones
_____Fallopian tubes:Transports ova from the ovary to the uterus, and transports sperm cells from the uterus to the
released ova
_____ Cervix:The lower end of the uterus
_____ Vagina:Extends from the uterus to the vulva
Nervous System
_____ Brain:Controls and coordinates mental and physical actions
_____ Olfactory lobe:Controls olfactory(smells) functions, located on the front of the cerebral hemisphere
_____ Frontal lobe:Responsible for reasoning, planning, voluntary movements, emotions and spoken
language.Located in the anterior part of the cerebral hemispheres, behind the forehead
_____ Cerebellum:Ensures motor coordination and maintaining balance and posture, located in the rear of the brain
_____ Brain stem:Regulates numerous vital functions and ensuring transmissions between the spinal cord, brain and
cerebellum, part of the brain located in the extension of the spinal cord