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socna ocnaqerrbr Bhrconotrpou3Bo,qnTenbuhrM{ r(oMtrirercaMs Mamsa E
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36 fa,re

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ItilCC
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XXVII
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opylntre B rbrny. B aru roA6r [prn.s Jlenuna 6rr.na noucrune cpararoqecn uapruefr. B 4oxra4e <Beccueprnr,rft nognnr c.onercxoro HapoAaD
8 ua.s 1985 r. M. C. lop6auen orusqaJr: <Itouuyullcrbr rrurrr rra caMue
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trflrrr KoMMyHacToBEaxo[r{Jrr{cb B re robr n socxax trJrr,rHa o6opouHhrx rrpeuprrflrrrflx. Tyga 6n,ru HarrpaBJrerru qJrsnhr I{enrpalnuoro
Kouureta, nyqurue uaprunue r(aApbr. Tpu uu.u.rurona r(oMMyHrrcroB
uoru6ru s 6o.sx c SaurucrcxuMr{ aaxBarqrnr{aMr{.Eo.neerrflTr.rMr{irJrrrouoB
qenouer Bcryrrrrrro B rraprrrp B re repousecxrre ro4hr> (lls6p. pequ u crarur. M., 1985. C. 49). PyxonoAs crpauofr u apnrue, raprr,r.E rrpnBeJra
B ABrrlr(enns Moryque cnrrr Cosercfforo rocyAapcrna, flatrpaBr{,rra H
Aocrurrrerrrre uo6err Bcro cooro perJor:rror1noxHyroanepruro, ycnJrrr.fl pa6oynx, Kpecrb,nn rr rrrrreJrJrurenurr[ crpanu,
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BrrAoa opy,Iirr.fl MaccoBoro yHurrTo]fieuIrrr.
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paSMelr{eHbr aMeprrKrrcx[e cpeAcrBa .sepnoro Hauaeurr.fi. B
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parrnoBecr{e ctrJr B Enpoue rre}r{Ay HATO u Bapnrancxuu ,{oronopom. Bcae4crnue ororo Hr{norAa B rrporxiroM Tar{ ocrpo rre croffr'ra
aaAarra npeAorBpaqenrrff nofiuril, o6ya4arura ar.peccopon, coxpaHcHrr.EMHpa. II Hur(orAa He 6r,rna ranoii: orporuno orBercrBerruocrr [tfICC Hax upannqe traprnu Ba odecneseure 6eaoracuocru

ltrcc. M., 1986.C. 161).

uaprno;rurpa6ora 39

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onre. M., 1967. C. 625).
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45

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47

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rrportrB 6ypxryaexo u4eonorrn, yctrJreuneB ,ntrBEEo6qectra auaqeur.E
cpelcrB uacconofr unifopuaquu E rrpouaraugx.
<B n4eno-BootrurareJrrnofru trpouaras[Ecrcrofi pa6ore,-roBoptrrcfi
n llporparrnne ItfICC,- ueo6xo4nuo peururonbuo uoropeufirb rrpofiBneEEfi trycrocnonufi, trapa[Hocru, rfopua.uuana.Bce ee opwr E cpegcrBa
rlouorarb uodunusaqrn Macc E BrIronEeEEe
cro-Eqnx trepeg
oJr?r(Fr
orpauo Ba4arr, o6ecue.rurafirrrrpoayx) rJracuocrb pa6orn uaprnrnrx,
rocygapcrBeuurx oprauoB, o6qeornemru opraruaaqu, trpffMory
u orftpoBeEEocrbo6qerun c nnnMr, trpaBrnbuoe rfopuuponasue o
qecTBeFEofo MEeEug u pocT ero BJrtrrIEtrfiEa trpaBTtrqeoftueIenaD
(Marepuaan XXVII cbeaga HIICC. C. 166),
flrnsscr cocranso tracrbro EAeonorqecroft 4erreJrbrooru HIICC,
eoJrorurrecna.E,troJrtrTnxo-BoclrurareJruarpadora n Boopyxeunru
Cunax EatrpBJrffercnua {oprrrpoBautre y coBeTcnrv BotrEoBMapxcucrcr(o-JrentrEcxoroMtrpoBooaperrufi
, Boclrurauue y Etrx KouMyrtrcruqecxo
ooaEareJrbrocrn, Mopanbuo-uoaurnqecxo crofrxocru, Briroonzx 6oeBtrt

aaqecTB.

B apurau u na {aore geficmyer serxar, aif$exrrruan ozcreMa rroaurrqecno yue6u Bcex Kareropu noemoonyxtaqux. Tar, naupuuep,
ray6oxouy oBJra4eutrroMpncEaMoM-JreEEEtrBMoM,
BceM 6orarcrsord
uge napruu aKTEBEocuoco6crrysr ilpncu.qnato-rleH,urtiln,
noeomoatn o$u4cpcnoeocoqnaaa. Ee cogepxaEuo uocrosuno coBeprtreuoroyercf,,
ona trpoBopTc B ocnoBxou Iro 4nyu TeuarrrrecrtrMrrJrauaur o6ecuequaaer my6onoe Eayrreuueoifuqepauu arryanbuux upo6neM coquanbuonolursxu HfICC B opranrrecroil e[trEorBeo Botrpocautr
DKoEoMEqecno
lanrnenrero ynpennegtrfi Boegroro Moryqecrsa Conercr(oro rocyAalF
oraa, 6oeroro troeqr{traaa Boopyxexor"x CEr, Bceuepnoro ycunertrs
[K Bocrrrrareltbsofr ponu.
B cucreue KoMaEEEpcnono1roroBnu Anfi ofrlrqepcxoro cocraBa
,oprauuyrcTc.EBau.f,Ttrflno BolrpocaMBoeEEouegarorrru tr rrcuxoJre
ruu, rpodneMau Bouucr(oro BoctrETaEn.E,ynporuregrfi rozrcno rcqtrtrJItrEr U trO COBeTCKOMy
3AI(OEOAATeJIbCTBy.
yvn6a npa,nopu4uta6, Jnttwwilroe u soeunncrlvwail4rr:r
ffotumulcma
caeprcpouHnfr. ctytc6ut crpotrrcfl B ocEoBEoM tro rntry uapxclrcrcxo-

52 rrasa

rropafl
Ilapnsorrrlla6ora

53

nengrrcfio troAroroBxrl o{trqepoB. Ipyuul,l rrortrrurrecno y.re6n aro

rareroprrn coagarorcr s Macura6e qacrrr, fiopa6fi.g, a rarofie s 6aranroEilx, l{trBnarronax r{ rrM paBrrbrx rrogpagAenentrffx. Sargrus negyr nau6onee troAloroBJrennbre, o6nagaroque otrrroM rrponaran4trcrcxo pa6orrr
o$uqepu, xax upaBr.rno, troJrtrrpa6otnznu, o{uqepr,r ura6on, HaqanbHtr(n cJryln6 uonxonoro, Kopa6erbuoro BBeEa.
OAuo rra Balnnbrx rfopu uolurtrqecxo troAroroBr(n Jrtrqnoro cocaBa
Boopyrrenunrx Cun flBJrflrcTctr not,urLuttacttL{eao,rrfltrlus, c coa1amaxu u
Jilnmpoca.il,u, Apc&Hnxanu gue6nttx nopaaenenufr., ceplrcaH,rn&ilu u
cnxapuuH,all,u. Onu trpoBoqflrcff tro eAEErrrMAns arofr xareropnu yre6EI)rM trJraEaM, yrBep]HnaeMbrM HaqarbstrnoM Inassoro
troJrtrTrrqecxoro
ytrpaBJreHufl.
fpylun
rroJrtrraarr.Tr,r
coa4arorcfi o6brsuo Bo BgBoAax rr paBnbrx EM
nogpaaeJrer{ff.ffx, a c ceprfiarrraMtr u craprrrtrEMn cpouno c.nyx6rr B porax, dara.nronax n paBuilx rrM no4paageJrerruffx. IIpx arorrr rpyrrnhr
Ire onlfiEbr 6rTb crrnr(oM MaJroqucJIeEEbrME
ll.un, uao6opor, trpeBrilmarb
25-30 treJroBer(.
Pyxoeo4urcJrrruu rpyrrtr troJrtrraaunrs naasaqrorc.E o{rqepu r(oMaHAEprBaBoAoB,por, acxagpu'lu,, 6oeshrx sacre xopa6na, troJrtrTpadorurnu logpasgerenu, faqaJrbuur(E cnyrx6, a raxx(e nau6o,nee
tro4roroBnenEre ttpatropquxtr tr MusMaEbI, BarrrMarorq,ue o{uqepcxue
AonrfiHocrrr. ?Is qucra rroJrnrtrrrecnu rpaMorErilx tr trprrMepnnx n yre6e
u cryxde cep)fianToB, crapruuu, cor[T E MarpocoB - noMMyEEcroB E
I(OMCOMOJII'qeB
rog6npaloTcff trOMOrr{}IuKtrpynoBo4llre.ne rpytrll IIOJTuTaasqru.
floJrursausrrr B aaBuctrMocrr or o6qeo6paaoBareJrbnoii no4roronxu
cryruarene uporio4rrcx nenqtrouno-ceMrruapcruM MeroAoM trJru MeroAoM paccKaaa u xuso paaBeprryrofi 6ecegu. Ognaxo u B Tex rpytrtrax,
rge rrprrurrr Jrexrlrronrro-ceMunapcxtr uerog, p.flA TeM yye6roro rrJraEa
uo perueur{rr r(oManAupoRu nonrrpa6orxrrxots qacre u ropaGle Morr(er
uayqarbcfl MeroAoM paccr(aaa u rxuso 6ecetrrr. Baxno 4o6unarnca nrrcofforo KqecrBa u a{Senrmuocrtr trontrrr{qecxofi yue6rr. Sqecr Muoroe
BaBtrcrrr or caMocro.flrelluo rroAroroBxtr K Banrrrtr.su Jrer(TopoB,pyxonoglte.nefi rpytttt, trx rroMoqnrrr(ol,
a rar(?rte caMtrx caSrmarene.
llponogxrcx rroJrraauffrrrfl [Ba paaa B rre4enro rro ABa qaca B yrpennee BpeMff B rerreuue ro4a (r BMO - o4no 3-uacoBoe Barrflrtre n ne4e.nro).
lloauropranau
trpeAocraBJrerro trpaBo caMocro.flTenbuo trptrEtrMarb pe!enu.s o aaMene rIoJrI{TBaEflTr,r
uonurqacou B Tex cJlyqagx, ftorqa
)To Bbrar,rBaercqo6ctaronro - Haxolr{AentreM Jlqtloro cocraBa BIre
KaaapMerrnoro pacrroJrolfieuus, flonursac trpaxTuxvercff Taxlr{e nfr
ynysrrrerug troJrrrruqecxoro un{oprufipoBanu.fi Boennocny{aqux trptr 86rtroJIIreHtrtr yye6no-6oeurx BaAarr.
<.Bocuurare.nrno pa6oto,- roBopulcrr B trocranoBJreH[r{ qunapcnoro (1987 r.) Il.lenyua l{enrpa.rrnuoro ftouurera rraprnu <O uepecrpoKe r{ Kapono nonurnfte rrapruuD,- AoJr?r(EI
rloBceArreBnoBagurarbc.E
pyxoBo[flqtre fiagpbr, aKTEB rraprr{u, Bce KoMMyurlcrbr. llgeonornuecKue yqacTr(rr cJreye nopyrlaTb JrroA.flM,noAroToBJrerrHbrMreopeTr{qe54 r.rana nropas

TIyBCTByI9TIIUM
nyJlbc BpgMeCfirr tr upo{eccuon.Ilbgo, B IIoJIEofr Mepe
l\enrpa(I\{areqrlaJr,bl
II{9II"q
pa6orarb
rBopqecxu'..>r
u",
"tro"6"brM
ltorrrurer tttICC, 27-28 t{HBapn 1987 r' M', 1987' C' 91)'
ni"o"o

pa6ora n0 Bbln0nHeHHill
tlaprnfiHo-n0nilTfi'{ecKaf,
x ax
x
saiaq 6oeeor or ouH oor l B C y x onl r r nbl Boc
naprue Kypc Ha ycKopeHIIe coquaJlIlo-afioEoMuqeonpegeneunn
cKoropaenzruxcTparlbl'trpeAIloJlararcqeeI(opeIIHyIo'troI{cTI,IEepeBoxtr.rauu, BbIxoA
nepecrpory
Jrroq[orrEyro
-XOnri ncex cfrep o6qecrneunofi
ypoBellb, CooTBeTgTtsyroqnft tpe6onauuau
gX Ha r(qeCTBeHIIO

CTetreHb IIOAEOeeAA ?on'L\el,O)fnb - ATO COCTOffIIUe' oupeeJlflIoqee

HI{x dOesmx
IIa
Bo3JIoEteHIIbIx
rOToBJIeHHOCTUsOCx K BnIIIoJIIIeHtrIO
coe[tryKoMIIJIeKroBallHocrb
otrpeAeJIeIIEyIO
upeAnoJlaraer
BaAaq. Ona
u 6oeuenu, qacte tr troA,pasgenenn JruslI;IM COCTaBOM,BoopyTfieuneu
CpgACTB'
MaTSpIIaJILIII{X
SatraCoB
BOfr TeX11KOfi, naluuue EeO6xOAI4MbIx
coAep)I(aEl4sBucilpaBEoMIoToBoMKIIpIIMeIIeIIunc.ocToIluuopy}Ituff
Bbrco*yro 6oenyro IIoAroroBRy nocx, trpe*Ae Bce''o
u 6oso rex'u*u,
coe4raneuu,
IIOneByro BbryrrKy JrtrqHoro cocTaBa, doenyro cJIalI{eHIIocTr
KaApoB
xoMaE]IHI'Ix
IIoAIoroBICy
neo6xoEMylo
uacre, uo[pa3eneuu,
COCTaBa'
u mTa6oB, TBepAyIo Aucrltrtrnr4Ey rr oprarrr4SoBaHEOCTbIl4rIHOfO
EecerrEe 6oenoro Aelr{ypcrBa'
a raK?fie 6Aurelrnoe
y BotrEoB HayqHo-ro troHrrOcesr BilnEbrM flBn.gerc.E {opullponaHrle
MaEIIflBotrpocaopOJIIIseiloBexauTeXEIIKI(BcoBpeMeHIIoI(BotrEe'Bocfrr4Tarrue coSHreJrbHoro oTrroffelrrnfl n I4SyqeHUIO OpyEttrg, crpeMJleEriIfl
bHOCrro rlbrCIITb K JIaCCIIy111KB a JIIIEKaqIrIo' OBJIaAeT b cMe)fi IIIMII CtreqIIaJI

n 6oennrx RaqecrBax opy'ilrur Ir rexulrnu'

nofrcr
trMerb B BnAyr qro ycllex Aecrsn cyxonyrurrx
Ileooxonuuo
pelnaeTca coBIecTIIIMn ycgrilu.nuE MOTOCTpeJIKOBbIX'TaIIXOBIX' apTI{JIBotrpocbr'
rroApaaleJreull' Snas[r'
unll{egepnlilx u lpvrux
iepr'lfrcxrx,
BEaIIMOAe0TBU,g'
oJI]I(III
TecHoro
I[x
cBflSaHrrre c opranuaaquo
flaprno.rlttrpa6ora

oo

BautrMarb BE.qEoe Mecro B troBceAEeBEo pa6ore

TIIIHIM
COCTBOM
Bcex pogoB nocx.
Pemenzro BaAaq uoBrruerr'.E 6oeso roroBnocrg oJrylKET rretrpeprBEaff, recrro cB.EBaHHaflc )r(uonbro sacre E rrogpaB4etenu napmu_
Iro-norLutn'ucnaapa60m,Q,.OUa negercfi tocroEHo u BeBle - B r(a3apMAX, B IrOJre,Ha crpens6r,lrqe, IroJrEfolre, TaEr(oApoMe,B XOAe TaKTI[qecrilx aau.flrn, no BpeM.fl6oesoro AerfiypcrBa, B fiapayJre. Ogua na trepBo_
crellerrHrx BaAarr trapTtoJrrrrpa6orrr - ModnnuaoBarb nusHr cocraB
EA TOIIEOE I{ trOJIHOO BbIIIOJIEEEEE

trJIAEOB

E trPOfPAMM

6OEBO

E.

BOtrEOBO narxnemux co6r'rru.nx, trSMeEeEtrEXB laKTUqecKOO6CCanosaroro uctronbayrolcfi trptrBaJIEI, AEeBftu, KpalKoBpeMerrHhre

Ke. !,rr
tray3br trptr trepexole or ognoro BrAa gecrau r( ApyroMy. Baxuo no_
Bperufl noAAep)fiaTb trHur{uatrBy R clapalltre BOtrEOB, OTMe?Urb trx
ycepAue B JrrlcrHe-MoJrEtru, coooqntr o AocTurrryroM yctrexe tro paAEo
E B KOpOTnO6eCe4e, KorAa Anff ATOro trpeAcraBurcff BoBMolKEOCrb.

IIO-

ruruqecxo trolroroBKu.
ltax upanu.rro, rrpu cocraBJre'utr trJraEoB traprrrontrTpa6orrr Ea Mecsq
yrrurblBarlrcfl ocEoBEbIe BaAarrrr 6oeso tro[roroBrttr, Koropro Itpe[_
crotrr peuarb BoEEaM. B uaaae cnenyer trpeAycMalpEBarb rrpoBeeHtre
Mepouprlflru, cuoco6crBynqrur 60nee rny60xouy ycnoenun yue6nr
trporpaMM' B ToM lIEcJre Berlepa BorrpocoB E orBeroB tro lexHtrr(e, o6MeE
()IIbITOI

OTJIfrTIEtrI(OB,

I(JIaCCEIX

CIIe{UAJItrCTOB,

y16qsr.r cocraB Ea rorlrroe u KaqecrBegEoe BhrtroJlMo6rnraon"16

EeEtre trJIAEOB 60eSo troAroroBRu - EEarmr MaKcuManbEo trctroJrb3oBarb BpeMfi, OTBe[er:rEOe
na orpa60rxy yue6mu 3aaq u odc.tSnxunauue
TexEur(tr. crenest 6oeso roroBEocrE troApa3[eJreHz uporepxercff Ea
TaKTEqecKax 3aEfiTfi.flx, yuednr,rx n 60esrx crpenrdax, Bo BpeME Bo]fieuzs 6oesux Mrrrsu. lloarorvry rJraBuarr qenr upruo.nurpa6rrr BAec], odecneszrn Bhrconyro cJralfiegnocrb E Baauuogectoue rge.rreura, paclleroB, fiunxte, IroEpaSAeneruft, cnoco6Eocrb BOuEoB Becrtr aKTEBEbre
4EftCTNNg

BbICOI(OM

TEMIIE,

YtrPE}I(AAT

trPOTITBEtrKA

OTKPbITIIT

orHfl' nopa)fiarb ero r{eJrE c trepBoro BrcrpeJra, c trepBoro gaJrrra,

trepBoro trycKa.
flaprufiuo-uoiltrruqecftax
pa6ora tro pems'rrro aaEaq uoreso BbrwrtU O6TTSO [EJItrTC,fi

EA TP

ATAtrA:

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EAJII3MA,

BEPEOCTtr 6OESEIM IPAAUqNflM,

XUACCOSOfr EEEABIICTE

K ITMtrE-

pr{aJrucraM, HetrpuMrpulrocru x 6ypxyaaHo u4eotorlru.

aKrnssofi
rxuaneunofi troatrrlrru u nucoxo rrsnofi
orBercrnenHocrrr Ba saqury
coquanrrcrr{rrecxoro Oresecrna.
Ha aro EarrpaBJr.Erorctr
Bcff cr{creMa uAeoJlorrlqecnoft. no.nurur{o-Boc-

trPU NOATOTOBKE R BEIXOAY B IIOJIE, B

xo4e yqeutr u crpe.nr6 vt npn trogBeenur rrroroB. Tan, r tro4roroBtrtelrsrr

trepuoA uolnHo trpeycMolperb rrsJllreEtre cooraercrByK)r\x
crarefr ycraBoB, IlaM.aroK, trpoBeAellEe lerrlu, AoKJra[oB, B[rcrytrJleHEfl BouEoB-orrtrqEl[ItoB u I(naccElrx cuequaJl[croB, paHee yqacrBoBaBmEx B TaKTrrqecxtrx )rrleEtrflx' a TaKlr(e trpoBepKy cocroflErrtr TexErrKr{,
Boopymeun.s. B arot ffie trepno4 rrpoBo4fircfl ceMrruapu cexperapefr nap_
rrrtrx
E KoMcouoJrbtr(trx oprauuaaqrafr.
Ocodesuo BeJrtrKaponb traprtrftsoro r,nv.fl.larr B xoge cautrx yveru,
rcorAa orrcrpo MsE-Eerc.fiodcranonra, Bo3pacraer EallpfllfteEsocri. B rar(oe Bpeu.fl oco6oe BEqeHue upuodperaer urlsurtr trpuMep KoMaEAEpoB,_rroJltrTpa6orunxor, Bcex KoMMyEncroB B paruoM Tpyge.
9to6u aKrrBHo BeJracbtraprtronrrrpa6ora s noae, neoioAtrMo Bapasee uoaaoorurbc.s o paccrarroBne raprunbrx u KoMcoMoJrbcKnxcun. xTtrBucrhr AoJr)r(rrhrrBep[o BEarb, KTo u Ba rITo orBeqaer, xax Ao6urtc.s
s{Sexrunuoro
trpoBeAenus gansru. flpogyur-ronerc.E Tarur(e Botrpoc,
r(aK opraEr[SoBaTr' copeBEoBaHtreB xoAe BhrtroJrEeErrflItocraB.rreEErrD(r(oMAFrrpoM 3aAAq, xax uepe40no onrr cAerarb AocrofiHueM BCex.
3gecr, uoxno coo6qurr no qeun o6 orrusur
u*or, upouurfopu[poBarb
56-";"r"

B eAuHoM trpoqecce Mopanbno-no.''rlrtrqec*o u ucuxoJrornsec*o

troAforoBxE OtrpeeJr.srorqefr,qexrpalrno
.ssrsercn u4efrno-rroJrr{rfllrecxafl BaKanKa rtrrrnoro cocrana. I.rrasna.E ee qeff - SoplrupoBaEtre
y BoeHHO_Cny'I{Arqtrx
Mpr(cfic1cfto-neEuEcr(oro, EarrEoro MrrpoBosspe_
uur, rry6oxo uqeuo y6ex4enrocru, 6esrpanrqsofr upegaraocm Po4une, Houuyrrucruqecxoft uapruu, Conercxolry [paBtrTeJrbcTBy, cBoeMy
Eapo[y, coBelcKoro traTptroTESMaE cor{UAruoltrqecKoro r{HTeplraquo_

Mecrax 6rr.nrrx cpaxenu rpantgaucxo u Bennno Oreqecrnenwo

non, uoceqeuu.E KoMrrar u MyaeeB 6oeso cJraBbrtr Ap.
B recuou e4trIrcrBe c MopanEo-uoJrurtrqecxoft upono4rrrcff rlcuxororurlecnafl trororoBxa. Ee cep4qeBuuy cocraBJrsror paBBrrrtre rr yfipenneEtre y nurrEoro cocraB llcuxorortrsecxoft ycrouurocru, lnrpa6orfia yMeEu.tr4ecrronarb xiraAEonpoBHo ocosEaErro n callo cnoxno
u ouacno o6cranosne. Bce augnr 6oesofr troAroroBKu, TaKTurrecxEevqenu.r, 6oennre crpenndnr, Becb ynJIA nouncro Nrtrgrr op"4o"au"rr"ro,
caMbre dlaroupnnrnhre BoaMornnocru glr
{opuuponauun y BoeHEocny'I(aqux BIcoKtrx MopanbEo-trorurtrqecfiux rr trcExoJrortrqeoKux xaIIECTB.

Eo.rmrofr arfSerr, fi rpuMepy, trpnuoc.ar raxruqecxze Ban.Erufl E yseEu.E, trpoBoAuMbre Eoqbro, o6nama raEKaM[, o65rvenue gecrnurlr uprn
crpenrde vepea doerbre tropqEKu nofrcx, IIprMeEeHrre 3a]firlrareJrbrrbrx
Ilapruonnrpa6ota

57

[eeaECpeACTB, EbrMOR, rrphrlKKr4 B BOAy C IIOJII{O 6OenOfr nlrnnarO'

C TaHKoB IIa xOAy' 4efrCrnr4X
rrrpgagrre u"rlu cileuluBalllle MOTgCTpg.TIHOB

B noCrax

r111po11oepaCtrpOCTpaEeIIue trOJIyTII{n11CtreqEan},IIIe IIO-

yMenoE
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npuuepy,
K
rex'r4*o.
BrAHrrs
rr Macrepc*oro
o6ctnosxu
uq"r*"
yCBOuTb' Cfta]I{eM' MexaHI{It-Bo[tr'
o6ten EHOpMaUu1a, ItOTopyIO AOJI11SH
paaa,
reJr, B HacToflrrl,ee BpeMrr npeBbrrtraeT AoBOeHIIbI YP-OneUr n 2-3
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ca no IreHoTopbIM pyrfiM ctreIIaJIbIrocTflM
cypoBblM
K
foroBIIoCrI{
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Heupeuennoe
ucllbrraul1ffM coBpeMellnoro 6os - Kperrfias Apy'/fi6a u 6parcroo BotrEoB
BCSX HaIIUOHaJI6IIOCTS, KOJIJISI(TIIBEAMTTOBapI4qeCTBO U BBaIIMRafl
BbrpyqKa. cro nanino eqe u rroroMy, sro cyxollyTEr,re BoficKa, KaI{ n ApytrOnbrrle Brr4rn BOOpyxennbIX Cuil, OC11aqeIIhIopy1{ueM ROJIJISKT7BHOTO
BoBarrufl, Tpe6yrcquM CorJIaCOBaIIIIblx ,qeCTBE11eTOJI6KOBC9X IIoMepOB
pacseTa, Ho n nopasAe"rleEtrff B qenoM.
oAHOTO
''
BhrcoKoro doenoro MacrepcrBa, rBepofi BoilIn, satrqeflpuirepoM
CKofi BaKa;1Ku, MyXteCTBa, BbIAep711KI{II oT3a1'u [pIISBaH CnyTIiETb AJI.E
[OArrr{EeHHIx ortqep, oftaBLIBatI Ha tsouIIOB 6.narorrOpuoe BOBAefrCTBUe
BoeEIro cryffi6r,r. Ocouu roro trepeHocrrrr, rpy[Hocr'
n1 nouoras
6eg11o Balr(eg TaKo trpgMep B xOAe yceHLI B IloJIe' trpoBOAIIMbIx B
cJroxrlloft o6CraHoBKe u Ha H;snanoMo MeCrIIocTIl c 6oesrrvu CTpeJIr,6aME.

fiaK M0]KEO
rrroroB 6oeso yse6br neo6xonuo
nogre[eHrru
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He11a
yfiaaarb
AoIIyqe11HhIe
o6fl3aTe,'1bgo
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Ilapruornrpaoora 59

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Borax! na prunJrepucxzx rroauqnflx. Caauep paccxaaan, Kar( oE yuzsro]fitrr

rrrecrbec.arBocbMoro uo ctreTy ruTJreponqa, trBJrolKEBcno ueroA tH6opa noauqu,
Macr(upoBr(8, rrporraBo4crBa Bf,rcrpena. Paanegvnx - EeuaMeaatl ysacrunx aorEbrx noucKoB, KoTopreoE [poBoAlrn B lpytrtre SaxBaTa, IIoAe.rIEJIcE,r{al( BhItroJrEJrE
souur,r 6oesue Ba4asr4ff. Caoso 6uao rrpeAocraBJlenorafir(e EaBoAqEryopytrff, IIyIeMeTquKy, aBloMaTrl[fty, cDflgrlcly.

.. Bonpoc x^Aonnar{Ky: Cyqecruyror nE yBrr{Elenbnretrptrsnu}d yxoAa c orueso noauusn?

Orser: Ha Ecex onpaBAareJrbErxtrpnrilta ToJrbr(oogua 6y4er ptrErrMarbc.s Bo
BErrMAErre- cMepTD.
Bangy ravaaurecr 4rena4qaro a aror AeEb nouTparar(E EeMqeB Ao6naArrnn

OT

3AI(JIIOqtrTEJIbEOTO

CJIOBA

OTI{A3AJICfl.

rrecraff pa6ora u n o6opoue. f;rassa.fl ee qenb - troAeprr(arb n yr{pentrTb y .lrltsgoro

cocTaBa yBepeEEocT B cBotrx cltJrx, cronocTb' yopcrBo'_ EeycItrnyn nurelrB KOpOIr(lle CpOKITCOsAaTbycrovrnyro o6opony, cnoco6ayro ycEOCTI,,IOTOBEOCTb
trerrrEo rrpoTfiBocToflTb-\{accoBrMyApaM aBEaqEtrt aTKa}l TaEHoB rl xexorr trIrcTnBstrfia, odecueqntr boenyro rtTuBuocrb fisroro cocraBa' roroBtrocrb rIoApaBAeaesn n trpoBo4eutrr crpeMntenbnhrx RoETparaK tr trepexogy B perrlllrenbtoe EacryrrJIEEUE.

Bo npeux Bennno Oresectsesso nofurr, oco6erso B nepBhl_eee ABa ro4a' r(penocm o6oponn, ee ycrounBocr ao MEoroM otrpeAensnrcr cnoco6rocuro o6oponrnmtxc trpoTtrBocTo{Tb MaccIIpoBaEEHM yAApaM TaEr{OB rr aBnaqtru trpoTEBuuKa.
floarouy nofi sa rJraBrbrx aagau naprnEo-rlonnrlrqecrofr pa6orm qaJlffJrocbBocrrnlaEtre y BonEoBBepbl B Cnny n Moq cBoero opy)r(ufl, rjpeoonerrEeTaEfio- tr caMoaeto6osasu y cacn{ 6oiqon. BsMatentso llayqancfl lr o6o6qa;rcx ouur 6opr6tr c
Tarrr(aMnfl caMoJreraMtrtrpornBrruxa. Vm6u cAenarb ero AocrognueM Bcex BolIEoB'
npoBoAr.rnrrcb6ecegnr tr pactrpocrparxJrucb traMsrnu: (CMenoMy rarx Ee crpaltrerD'
<VqsBuMrre Mecra rarrxoB>, <VcrpofrcrBo Ir rropffAon trptrMeEeEIrfl trpornBorEroBrx
rpauarr. Ha arcrosxax <ftax 6oporrcr c rarr(aMrr BparD BocrrpouaBoAunc,sp[cyrron
seMeqfioro raEHa c yxa3aEneM MecT, ygaBriMhrx nE tryJrtr' cEapsAar oyrbrnRE c roprove xugxocrbro, rpararu. B uo4roroBr{e Jl,I,IqorococraBa r( BeAenr{rcorrt npoTflB cauoireroB nporllaunra r{crroJrlgoBa.rucr 6pomropa E JIncroBKa (Cltnbnee trexornu orosr uo cauoaerau rparal>. flo4repxun6;1ocb, tITo B Llrose 7942t. Ha xprtoBOrEeM oHJIO
r SeEUTEO-IIyIeMeTE[M
cKoM EAtrpaBneEuII rpyutroBbrM BEEToBOqIIIM
c6nro 25 amr.rctcrux caMoJreroB.
BceMepgotrpotraragAupoBaJrtrotrrtT, yMenhreAecrBrrff JrrqEoro
fioarirpa6orrrrR
cobrara.raru nru troApaBAeneuui n o6opounreJrbuoM 6oro. Tar, B oAEo ua qacre
6uro oprasnaoBaxo coneqanue 6oesoro ar(TBBatro o6Meny otrhlToM,trpnceMtrptrrnacsremihre 6r.neru 6u.ru apyrexbr BoIrEaM EetrocpeAcrBeuxo B oxorrax, 6auu4afitax,
M

roara

6onee pesyJrbrarrrBubre opMbr tsJrrr.snr,rfi

Ea DotrEoB.
K npuuepy, ManeBpenuu xapaxrep coBpeMerruoro 6oa', oncoHue
TeMtrbI rracTynJreHtrfi Eerr3MeprrMotroBhrcEnrd SEaqelrue Maprua. IJrasrag
SaAaqa uaprtronurpa6orrr Bo BpeMfl ero trpoBeAeHEfl- o6ecue.rurr
cBoeBpeMerrnoetrpr{6brrue trogpaaAenerruB rrasxqennu paou B troJrno doenofr roroBuocrrl. B ernx qeJrrrx ftoMarrgrlp ll uonrarpadorrrux coBMecTrro c aI(TtrBOMrrprr3BaHhrcBoeBpeMenHopaSbflcHnrb SaAarry, trocTABJIEIIHYIO HA COBEPruEHUE MAPMA,

5
"topr"

O6flSASHOCTII

BOIIHOB, YCTAEOBJIEII-

rrbre crrrnaJrbr,Mephr 6eaouacxocrn. InaBEoe aaxnloqaercfi B ToM, rlTo6b[

xax[n coJrA,arcrporo co6nroAan AEcqunJrr{Ey Maprna n 6ul roroB lr
ar(trBErilM AeCTBU.flM,
r(aK TOJTbKO
nOrpe6yer Toro odcTatroBl(a. BEtrManre odpaqaercfl trpex(Ae Bcero rra Bonnrene. llrrr rrylnf,o rratrountrrb
Saxas 1662

Ilaprno;rur1ri.,)ora 65

EETpBa"IILrABUMamtrE B IOJTOEEaX,yCTaHOBJreHHbre
trpaBuna B0?+(AoEEE
paccKasarb
o6 oco6ennocTsx MapupyroB, o npo{u.rre nyru,
)r(eEufi,
BOSMOlr(Ebrxtrpetr.sTcrBflsx, co6aroAeuuu 6.qnrenrnoctu, o neo6xoguMocrrl cBoeBpeuenuoro npu6rrrtrff B EaauaqerrflErfrpaou.
Ha uarmx trprrBanax (n xo4euapma) roaraugtrpu r{ uo;rurpa6ornurn
IroAlo,qflT r{Torr{ upofigeuuoro oratra Mapma, or}teqror orruqnBrultxcfl
Ha Ee[ocrarrl{ I.r Mephl
BonEoB, nogurene MaIrr[H, a raxx(e yHaBBarcT
rro Ex yclpaEeEEK).
Ha 6olrrusx trprrBanax BEEMaEReo6paqaercx Ra rqareJlbsll ocMOrp lexEuxr{, Ee cBoeBpSMeHsyIoAoSa[paBr(yF ycTpaEeHEe BbrflBJreHOco6oe }rscro Sauultaer, KaK tr trepeA MapmeM, pa6ora
nux ge{exror.
c MexanunaMu-Bo4ureirrrMtr TaHKoB, BMfI u BoAnreJrHMr{.C nulrr eqe
pa3 yTorrEflrolcfl rrpaBrrna Bo?rieHtr8MarlrtrE, ESyqaroTcfl cneqqanblrble
trauflrKtr. Jlyuuurr Bpyqarorcn BHMtreJrhI.
9acro Mapmtr coBepmarorcfl Horlbro. B amu cnlr.lae paabffcnflnttfl
oco6enrocrri Bolr(AeHIIf MarrrtrH Hoqbro, trpaBtrJIa co6lrcgenufi caer$- r
sByr(oilacKnpoBrtE, [trcl{ErrnuHbr B xoAe ABu}r(eHEfl, CoO6rqarotca crarIIAT5I

ONOBEtrIEEtrfl.

B paone cocpeAoroqeulrtr B saBncuMocrtr or .rrocJleAyrlqux Ba4aq

uger trogroroBxa nalluono cocraBa R EoBoMy, 6onee ArETenbEoMy Mapruy, upeoAoJreEtrK)BoArrI{x trperpa UJIE r( BElxo,qy Ea EcxoAEiletro3trqEr.t
AnE EACTJrtrJTeH[fl,cMeHe [ecruyroqqx qacre u rlopasl{e;resr. Sgecl
Bce ycuntr.ff EatrpBJlflIorc.E Ha ro, uto6r'r lro6unqgosarr .rrusxufr cocTaB
ra 6rlcrpoe npnBe[euue opyx(trtr u rexnur(E s 6oeuyro roroBxocrb.
npoBeAenue troJrtrTqaca rrJru
Hpoue roro, B To BpeMg opranlraylortfl
uonurtrqecxux rnifopuaqn, gocranxa ro-lrbr, deceAnr Ral(oporxe c JrrrqEru oocralou Eetrocpe,qcrBeurro y 6oenHx uarrrgu nJItr B y6e,xntr{ax,
ecJrf, oHtr lro4roroBJrenu (n aanucnuocru or o6cranosru). Ilponnnfiercfl
aa6ora o cBoeBpeMeIrHoMutrTalrns BorrnoB u oprantrBaqun or4brx.
Ho no Bcex cnyq.sx o6ssarenbrro passcnflrcrcfi I{eJrE E sagarru lrpe4croflqrx Aecrnufi, npI{EEMaIorcs MepH Als odecueqeElrfi sucoRofi 6o
roroBnocrf, u 6oecuoco6noctu KatfiAoro tropagAenerrtrs.
Cyrqecrryror r Apyrqe HatrpaBnentrfl, Merogbr E cpe4crBa traprtro;rurpa6oru, upuuerrfleMrre s 6oeso o6craxoaxe.
B nepnyro oqepelb BalKrIo cBoeBpeMeEEo [oBotrEr], Ao BotrEoB s
paabflcrffTb trpuraabl NoMarroBaEE,o6paqenux Boennoro coBera.
Tau, r4e trogBonfler o6ctanonxa, raxae -AoKyMeErhIrle.tecoo6paano trprrBoAETb rer(cTyaJlbuo c paabncueutreu, B atux qenffx Molr{Ho nctronbsonarr codpaurrfl, rpytrtroBre u uEAEBEAyaJrbEbile6ecegbl, a B TbrJloBbrx
u Barracnbrx rracrgx - MrtrTrrrrfE. Heo6xouuo o6rnatrca, uto6u xarx4rr co.ugar rly6ono ocoarran coAeplnauue AoI(yMeEra fl oBolt aa,4arrtr
a 6oIo.
rropl'IOguofr ua gecueuuux Qopu troBblltreurrfl rracrynarelbuoro
na socx sBJrgxlrcrr MurEErn. Onu orsocsrcff K qtrcny oltepTurnbrx
u arr[raquourro-MaccoBo pa6oru. Ha
Qopu uapruso-uoturrqecno
rrEx pasbgcE.grorcfl BaJr(Heil[e co6rrrufl, .nn.{Hbl cocraB uo6u.ruayercfl Ea odpaaqoaoe Bbrrroraelrtre Aonra uepe4 Poguno. Ocnoenrrll ycG6 fnana srcrra,r

JroBlgtr, otrpe4enflntqtrt{ yctrex Marurrra, ffBJrffercff Brcor(aff u4enar

EattpaBnennocrb Brcynnenu - KpTKtrx, cTpacrnblx' Boo4ymeBJrflIoqnf nrone Ea KoEKperHrIe EeJra. Taxofr me xapKrep Aorrrrirrhr Eoctrrlr
E nptrEErdaeMhre perrlEtrtr.
Eourmyro poJrb B rro6rauaaquu xoMMyEEcroB tr noMcouonbqeB Ha
BrrorEeHse trocraBJreEEErxT'flAaqn doeaofr o6cranosre nrparor uapruEbre u RoucouoJrbcxue codpaunn. Osu uoJDItEbI 6rutr roporKtrMu, pemes.frfl. - ItOEKpeTIIrMt B gBysTb Kar( r(JrtrTBa RoMtryEffcToB tr KOltcOuonbqeB uepeg 6oeu.
Hecouueuuyn tronbay lrprruecyr coBerqarufi 6oeaoro annaa, nrrcTJrtrJIoEEEOrJrtrrruBrrruxct BoEEoB. llg qucra doesoro aKlaBa qenecoodpasEo coSAaBarb ctreqlranHbre rpytrtrhr. B nnx Moryr Bxo4urb uacrepa
paaJrtrrrnhrx 6oesux ctrequaJrbuocre n epeEaBaTb cao onblt B rlepBylo
oqepeAb conEaTaM EOBOTOtrOTIOJTHeEUE.
BcerAa troJregEa r a{ifentnana uHAEBrrAyanbEaH 6eceAa. Ee uoxno
rrpoBecrE Ea trptrBaner Do BpeMff rrpueMe trEqE! trepeA araxofi. ,(,ua
qeJroBena, trAyqefo n 6o, no6poe cJroBo, coB, ErIyrcTBEe, oco6enRo
noAKpenneEEtIe JrtrIIEErM trptrMepolr, MEoroe Brraqar.
Iaaera - Bcrga godpas ctryrutrqa coJrqara. flucatenr{ponrosxn II. flannenxo BauertrJr, uro Ea aone osa ueo6xogr{Ma, KaK aBToMar, Kar rpaara, ona ror o6gsarerlqrr uaen 4yxonno urqR, 6ea
nor'oporo cosercxn congar ne o6xoEuncn B rff)r(eJrrrx 6oennx qclrbrraqffx. 3naqnr, xeo6xo,qruo, uto6u ragera cBoeBpeMeEEoAocraBnflJracb
n 4efrcrayroq,Ee troApaggenrenws.,BooqylueBn.fls Jrusnbr cocraB Ea HoBhIe
rro,4Brrru. Iloaurpa6orrrnn, aftTtrBEcr ,4onlnrrbl rro4cnagarb Borrly, Ea rlro
odparzrr BEEMatrEeB trepByn oqepegb, KorAa otr paaBepner csexu
EOMep raBeTE[.
Heo6xogauo tro4.repruyrb, qro trallrtrontrrpa6ota n 6oeno o6cranonKe Ee reprrrlr rua6.nosa. B gasucruocr or BbltronnfieMo aagauu ee
opraEEBarophr EcrroJrBByrorr {opuu, GpeAcTBaE MeroAI, norophre EarIO4uano BcerAa u BcnAy Ea trepBoM
6onee qeuecoo6passrr r a{{extnrnn.
trnaEe y ftoMaEAEpa, tronElpadotnnxa, coxpetape uapruuo tr KoMcouolpxo oprauuaaqqfr AoJIlr(Ha6rrrr xunas pa6ota c .nrogruu. BaxtEo trpaBEnbxo orrpe4enfiTb, rrro rnaBnoe oeroEsfl, trpe4Brt4erb xo4 co6rroxaarBarb rIoBceAEeBEoe r(TEBHoe
tu, pa6orarr c trepctrerttBo,
BJtufiEEe ta nuqgu gocraB.
Heynocnurenbno Aolrrnrr co6nroAarbcfl JIeEEEcKEetrptuqtrfiil uaprufrEo-tronT[rrecxoi pa6oru: KoMuyntrcruqecrafl 4enoctt, uapruuocrr,
nayyurr tro4xog, rtounperra.E troJrtrl.rrecmgEatrpaBneuuocrb, Tecnafl
cBfiab c ?r(EBEbro, EetrpephlBuocrb, orlepartrBuocrb, y6egntenrnocrs.

Ilapruo:nurpa6ora 67

MorocrpenKoBbte
h TAHKOBHE

noaPa3AefleHDrf,
e cidLqebbcroBorl6oro

E o ri - oro opranuBoBanrroe Boopy}Iielrlloe cToJIKHoBelrue coequnenrafi, vacre

H rro4paaAeJreuunorororqux
cropoH, upeAcTaBJr.Eroqee
co6o cornacoBarrlrbre tro qeJrn, MecTyrr BpeMerlrryAaphr,
oror{b 14 MaHeBp B I{eJr.flx
yHnrrroifienua (pasrpoua)
IIpOTTIBITITKa E BbIUOJIIIeEIIfl
TaKTUlreCKr4X 3aAAq B Olpe;IeJrerrHoM pafrclue B Teqerrr{e
BpeMeIrIr. Eo
Kopor$olo
,bopocucelro
flr,rflercfl
qectnu
-lro raxtusecxux
nocx, BcecropourrrlM r4crrbrTaErreM MopaJrbnbrx r,r {raauqECKUX

TIIJI

JIIIqHOTO

COCTA-

na, Vcnex s 6oxl Bo MItoroM

gatsr,rcrlToT Mylr(ecrBa, croBOJITT
KOCTE,CMeJIOCT|4,
X rO6e4e, r,ropalbHrx KaqecrB E
ypoBnfl tro4roroBnrr ;rro4e,
uoopyifieur{n rl 6oeso rexIII4K I[.

I{enr 6on - yxurrro}ileHrIe uJrtr lrJrelreur{e xuaofr

cuJrbl rlpoTrrrlHl[fta, yHuqToErerrlller[ SaxBaTero Boopy'ienrrs. 6oeno Texrrr{Klr yl
rro[aBJregr{e cnoco6nocru x
gam,nerueuy conporlrBJreunrc. Ona ocrl{r'aerctr Morqubllrrd yAapallrlr Bcex Br.rAoB
cBoetspeMeHHrM
opylnr4fl,
trcrroJrbSoBaIrIleM
I4x peSyJrbTaTOB,afiTrrBlrblMr{r{ peuuTeJrbEr,IMUtreCrnuguu qacre u rrogpaa4eJrenu.Bo
Molr(er 6nrrr odrqeuocnotrpOTrrBOBbIM, BOSAyIlrHrM,
Bo3yrrrrrbrMn MopcntrM,
Odqenocxoao 6o opralru3yercfl rr BeeTc.ffcoBMecTHbrMEycEJruflMtr Bcex
yrracrByroqnx B EeM aofrcr
c nprruerrenrerr rannor, 6oe*
Bbrx Marrruu nexoru (6poerpaEcnoprepon), aprsJr-

neputr? cpeAcrB trpornBoBoa4ymnofi o6oponr, caMoJreroB, BeproneoB

u 4pyroft 6oeso rexntrKu rr Boopy)fiens.s,. Ott Mo?fierBecrlrcb c rrpuMeHeEueM f,[epEoro opyx{Irn u Apyrux cpecrB tropa]KelrEtr vtirv c
nptrMerreuueMToJrbKo o6nrqnoro opyrfir{ff.
Ocnosur,rM[ BrlAaMLr od4enocxonoro 6os xsrsrorcn o6opona u
HacTyIrJIelrue.
npeAIraMepelruoB
06 oporua trro)fier ocyqecrBJIff rbcfl BbIHylnAeHIroTIJITI
r{eJr.sxorpa'rierlr.rfi HacrytrJleHrrff(yapoB) IrpeBocxoqrqFx clrrl nporl4l]Hrrra, yAepffianufl saHultaeMofi Tepplrropuu (paonou, o6rexrou) u
coaqaurrs 6raroupr.raurbrx ycJroRl{fi grn trepexoga cBorrx nocr s HacTytrJreHrre.
Hacmyn.nenue aaxrloqaercs B orueBoM nopax{entrr[ trporul]Huxa,
pemrre.urnofr araKe, crpeMureJrblroM rIpoARIrE{enr,rurocH, BaxBare
Balr{Hbrx paonor (py6exte, o6rerton). Pemnre.rr'Roe IracrvuJIeHLIo.
o6ecnesRsael
npoBogrrMoe B BrcofioMTeMrreu na donruryxr uy6uny.
uonuufi paBrpoM lrportrBnrrxa.
B cmpewtutfr. 6 o. npepcraBrqer co6ofr paalroBugrrocrr, Hacrynare.IlT'nr,rx 4eftcrnrafi, xorga o6e ctoponbr crpeMrrcfi BIrIoJrIlurL rrocraBJrelTrrbre Bagaqu HacryrlJrelrueu. Xaparreprrayercff 6r'rcrpr'rrvrc6.nuxesrau
croporl r{ BcryuJIeHI,IeMB 6o c xogy.
Bugn o6qenoficxonoro 6os recso cBEBaEbrMe?r(JIyco6ofr. R xoe
6oeubrx [ecrsu MorocrpeJrroBr,reu raHKoBIeuogpaa[eJrenrln ts BaBIrcr4Mocrl{ or o6ctaRosHu, yltoMrIJIer{ToBar{Hocrr{,[ocraBJIeIrHbIx BaIIaq
Moryr nepexo[r{rr' or oHoro suAa 6os K ApyloMy.
FtamAuft su[ 6os trMeer csou oco6esuocrrr. Bvecre c reM RMtrptrcvnln o6qne qeprbr, xapar{repuayroqne coRpeMenxbrfr6oii: lrroq,nnfr oroub!
pIIII{TeJIbHOCT,,

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traIIpfl}I{eHHOCTb

CKOpOT0TIIIOCTT,.

odctanosxu, paanoo6paerrerrpuMelrstlMblx
6r,rcrpr,retr peaxr{e rrsMeueHrr.fl
cnoco6os nx BeeRr{F,pa3BeprbrBaRnedoesblx 4efrcrau Ha BeMJIen r'}
DoBAyxe, Ha mfipoxoM ([ponre, Ra 6onruryro ray6uny, BeAeIrrIeflX R ttrrrCOKOM TEMIIE.

Ocnonur,ruu npuHl4unamu r,ep.err.fl coBpeMelrnoro o6qenocnottoro

6oq .flnrsrorcfl: rrocroflHuafl Bbrconaq 6oenaq roroBrrocrb cptnrE cpe[crl],
axTr,rBuocrr,, perur,rreJlbHocrbI{ HelpepbrBnocrr, BeAeHrIa 6on; BrresarrEocrb; trocrogHuoe tr qernoe BgauMogecrBrre;cocpe,4oroqenueocsoarnx
ycramafi rloApaB[eJreuu na rJraBHoM HarIpaBJIeIrIrI{B Hytnnoe BpeMfi;
COTTETAHUE OTHfl C ,qBR}I(EHNEM, IIIUPOKOE IIPI,IMEHEHIIE MAEEBPA CIiJIAMIT
tr fICI'IXOJIOU CpACTBaMI4; trCIIOJIT,SOBaEHe MOpaJIbIIO-IOIItTUqeCKOIO

ruqecxolo $artropon B l{ETepecax Br,rrronnennff trocraBlennofi Baarrtr;

Bcecroponnee o6ecneqenue 6on; rroAeplfiaHReIr cBoeBpeMelrnoeBoccrarroBreHr{e 6oeclocodnocru sofrcx; rBepoe n HeflpepblBuoe ytrpanneHlre
troApaSAeJreHr{EMr.r.
Ourrr noxaabrBaer, qro ycflex Bcer4a r{a cropoHe roro, xro cMeJIB
6oro, nocroflrrno rrpoflBJrfler rBoprrecTBo, pByMrryrc trHrrqrrarrrBy, trptrnpueMbru cuoco6nrgecrnraft,[IrKTyer cBolo BoJIIo trporl{IrMeHfler rrotsre
rrtrK-y. Vnpexa BacJry?(r{BaerHe ror, r{To B crpeMJlerrut yHurlTo}nlrrt)
IfotrpiJexeHHtr I

itorc 69

Bpra ,IIe iiocTsr cBoefi qenE, a ror, KTo lrporrBqn 6esAeflreJrbHocTb, rreIlemlrTeJrbHocTb r{ Ire IrcfroJtbSoBaJr tscex BoSMorr(EocTe An.fI BriluoJrHerru.fl trocraBneHlro 3a[aqE.

il

nonpasenexH
n 6oro
flpnmenenile

BeAeHIre6og c trpuMenerrreM r(ax flAepxoro, Tar( E ToJIbxo o6msuoro

yqacrlro n 6oo orneBf,rr cpe4crB n troruoe EctroJrbopyr{tu.ff; na6orruee
Boaarrue 6oennrx Boauorr{Eocre uo4paa4e.uenu; 6Hcrpoe ncilqnbaoaaHrle pynbTaloB flAepEoro, orrrgBoro nopa(eHltfl IIpoTrBEEffa r[ BHroArrhrx ycJroBrr uecrnocru, EapaqsBaxue ycrrJru r xoqe 6on a ocyqecrBnenrre MarreBpa; ycrou-nrocrr v. axTrBuocrb a o6opoue; EatrxEbluyro y.saBrluocrb uoApaa4enenu or y4apoB Bcex BrrAoB opylfirla;
HetrppbrBnoro Baarlilo4ecrsus u y4odcrso ytrpaunetrogeplnasue
Hl^g.

Moroctpe,rxoolre rr rarrnoBre IroApas4eJrerrr{Moryr uprnMerr.srbc.ff

Bo Bcex Brr4ax o6qenoficnosoro 6os u peurarb cno)riubre n paanoo6paaHbre BaAtr, ,4eftcreyr B cocraBe rroJrna (6ararrona), a nnor4a rr cauocronrerr,Eo. O6raAag Moqrrr'rM orlrM, sblcoxo lralreBperrHocuro, 6poneuo sanluro r yctouunocrblo x soaAectBlrm opyx(trrr MaccoBoro
fiopa(entrs rrporrrBurrr(a, orrr crroco6nu conepmarb Mapruu na 6onrrurae
paccronusff , 6uctpo rctroJrbooBarb peayJrbrarlr ffAepulrx yAapots, yctre[Ho Becrfi lracrytrxexlte r| y,q,epx(llBarb ganrrMaeMrepaouu r o6opone na
paa;ruuno Mecrrrocrr E rrpn nro6o troroAe, a rar{}r{e ynnrrrox(arb BoB.ltyruHhle ecaETbr, caMoJreTI,BepToJlerrrr pyrue EsSKoJleTfiqrle qeJrE
rrporunrrlrfta. Tecno osauuo4ecrByfl Me)fiAy co6o, c apran4epueft,
[oApaa4eJrerr]r.flMr4
pyr]tx po4oB socx rr clequanbnnrx nocr, oEtr BrIroJrrr.ErorocrroBnylo 3arry tro HetrocpeAcTBeHrroMyyHuqroifieEnro npoTnrocro.ffqero trporrrBlruxa n 6nulxneu 6oro.
llo -Bcex clyqax uogpaaAeneflIrfi AoJuKIrhrrrelpepbrBrro Becru pa3BeAfiy, yIIHqTO(arb IIpoTnBHUT(aorrreM cBof,x, nIttrAaHEI'rx rr rroAep?fisBar-lqux cpeAcrB, a ranlxe 6ucrpo uco.rrbaoBarbpeaynbrarr .flAeprroro
tr orHeBoro op}Iterrrrfl trpoTnBHEKa.
IIpu nnuo.nuguulr 6oesrrx BaAq rrogpaaAenenufl B BaBucr{Mocrlr oT
o6crauosxu odrrsso 4ecrnyrot B lroxo4nbrx, npe46oeaux ra 6oesbrx nopHAr(ax.
IIorottur,. nopaon - ero trocrpoeuue uo4paaAenesnii A,rn repe4Bslfierrr{fl B HoJro}ruax. Ou Ao.nmen o6ecueqnBarb: Bbrcoxyru cxopocrb ABn7fienu.au drrcrpoe paaBeprbrBaullea npeg6oeno u 6oeuo rropflAox, HarrOT Opylltufl MaCCOBorotrOpalHeEE.s,orIIff apltrnMeflr,rrryK)y.sSBIrMoCTb
,'reprlrl u yAapo aBr{aqrlu [porr.rBnrrxa, rloAepxiauue ycrovrlrocrrr
,vupaBJrerru.trrroApaseneErrflMr[.
Ilpe6oeeofr.nopn1on - ero nocpoeurre tro4paagenenn g;rx nepeBr{(eurrrrs roronsax, pacqnenenrrbrr uo rfponry ra n ury6uuy. Or
crporrrcfl p0THETMEanrr BsBoAEbrMr4KoJrorrEaMrr, a MorocrpeJrKoBofo
6ararroua (porr,r), 4ecrnyrorqero B tremeM rropflAr(e 6ea doeunx Marur{H
rrexorr (6pouerpaucuoprepon), RpoMe roro, rr KoJrorruaMrror4eneuufi.
llo;roxtexue por (naoo4on) n upe46oeBou tropflAxe 6aranuona (poru)
uolxer 6nrr n Jrrrurrx), yrJrou Bnepe4, yrnoM HaBaA, ycrylrou Btrpano,
ycr)i'uoM BrreBo. Ono uorasano rra puc. 1-6 (pncyuxu H gauuo. rJraBe
troMerr{eurna qrernofr nrt.lrexe).
Eoeaofr.nopnon - aro rrocrpoeutre rroApaa4exeuu A.nqne4enua 6ox.
On Aoemen ornesarb Ba4aqe, BaMrcny6og u o6ecuequsarb: ycuertrEoe

Boeno rropflAox daranlosa cocronr trB qo4paalenerrr uepEoro

SrueJroHa,BTopofo oruenoEa snn peSepBa, ofEeBbrx cpeAclE ri cpeAcTB
rrporuBoBoa4ymxo o6oponu, ocrarcqrxcff B EeuocpeAcrBeEnou trogrruHerrrru r(ouanArlpa 6aramona, tr TbrJIa,
Eooso nopffAor( porrr cocrorrr ns rroqpaageJreuufr neproro, a B
o6opoxe - E Bloporo ameJrola, oraeBbrx cpe4crB porhr tr trolpaa4enenu ycuneuun (pnc.7-10 na ax;r.).
oeao tropffAon MorocrpenroBoro BaBoA,a,Eacrytraxrqero na 6o
BIx Marrnruax uexorhr (6poaerpancuoprepax), E ranxoBoro BaBoAa coclotrT trB 6oero Jr[rrng doesnx Mamgrr c rgTepBanoM Me)r{Ay rrnMu Ao
100 u E cpsAcrB yctrJreEtrfl, A,ecrByro[Bx s 6oeno JTEEEEruru aa se.
Eoesofr nopffAor MorocrpenftoBoro BBBoAa, Eacrytrarcqero B tremeu
trop.sqxe, cocroxr EB qrrs, doenrrx uamtrE trgxorr (dponerpanctroprepon) u cpeqcru ycf,neurfl (pnc. ll-14
na oxn.).
B uocrpoeuun uoxoAsoro, upe4,6oeBoro s 6oeroro tropfiAKoB Ee Aonxino 6rrrl ma6roxa.
!,na ae4,enus 6on 6aranloxy (pore) odHsf,o trpf,Aarcrc.ff tro4paageneHIr.s Apyrux poAoB nocx E ctrequaJrbxHx socx. I(o.rrusecrno trpnAaBaeMf,rx troApaaAereuu saBricrrr or xapar(rpa Brrtronnreuo 6aranbouou
(poro) BaAarrEn yc;rorn o6cranorrr.
Morocrpoanonouy (rarnonouy) 6araaroxy Moryr trptrAaBarbcff aprunneprftcxu rynuauon uirtr 6arapen, tro4paa4enenne nportrBoraExoBrx cpegcrB, BeEETsafl 6araper (ranog), a rax)r(e troqpgAenexrr.E uff)Keflepubrx rr xuunqecfttrx socx. MorocrpelxoBouy
6ara.rrrony Mor]ru
trprAaaarbcfl ?ax)fie raflKoBrre, a raEKoBoMy daralrrony - MorocrpenKOBilerroAp3AeneEEff.
Morocrpe;rxono pore Moryr trpu,qBabcf, aprrlnnepucxa.s 6arapefl, rroApaBAenBurretrpoTEBoraEr(oBlrx cpeAcrB,. rpaEToMeToB.,.3eEtrTEOe, rrHrfieHepEo-cauepEoe u orIIeMeTrIoe lloApaSAeneglil.fl,a trprl BacTyII,rreruu s oco6ux ycJroBtrsx (r ropoge, B ropax, n necy) r n odopone u rauxoswfi BEBoA; ranxono pore - apruaaepucxaa 6arape, Mor(F
crpenHoBoe E r(Elxelreprro-cauepEoe troApasAeJrqHr.
EaraJrrou (pory) s 6orc, Kpoue roro, Molr(er rrogep)rsBarb aprunnepucru AtrBg{ttron (6arapex).
flpug,anane troApaaAeJrennfftrocrynaror B ilonuoe troArrr[rrentreKoMaEgupa 6araarona (poru) u nuuo:raflror uooraBJrennbreuu aagaru. flpr
neo6xo4uarocrr oEtr Moryr npuBnexarbcfl K B[rnonxextrrc Ba4arr no trJlaEy crapmero r(oMan4trpa (nauamunxa).
IJojlpaseitenurr u 6orc 7l

floggepxurarotrlr{e rloApaagenelrun ocralorcr B tro,qqunelrrll crapuetrocraBnexlrbre uM SaAaqI'r,

ro r(oMangr{pa (nauanrnuxa) u BbItroJIEffK)T
raK)fie BaIIaqu, trocraBJleHrrlJeKoMaEAtrpou datanrona (potrr), noropu
oHn troAep{uBaIor.
attnortbsolaH'ue opyilcun u 6oecofr tnerH'unu ,qJIs Halrecenrrn
lnetoe
trporuBrrr{Ky rropax{eHr{fl ffBJIflercfl HetrpeMeIrEbIMycJroBseM ycflexa B
nro6ou rrage 6o.a. .[,na ynuurox{enq.g [porlrBuur(a MorocrpeJrnoBbrer.I
B 6oeeux
lrpuMer{.sroTopyx(ue, ycTaHoBJrerrHoe
rropa3eJleHl{fi
TaHKOBL,Te
Tarr'fiax; fipoMe roro [pr/rMeMarrrnHax rrexorr,r, 6ponetparcloprepax,
HffrcT IpaEaTOMeTLI' IIpOTtrBOTIIKOBbIe yUpaBJIffeMbIe paKeTbI' tryneofHs
Merbr, aBToMarhr, a raKlfie pyqnhle rpaHTbI. fleficrnutenhEocrb
trpIrMeEeHtrfl,
MaccupoBaBrreSatrIlocrbrc
MeTr(OCTIO,
ero
AOCTIITAeTC
EqeM, a TaKtr{e qeTKtrM ytrpaBJreHueM.
Morocrpe.rrnoBhre u rannoBbre tro4paa4eneulrfl AJrfl tropaxtenlltn lrau6onee saxrnbrx rlene Motyr Becrtr cocpegororrenlrhr oroRn poto u
BSBOAOM,trptrBJreftaff AJIfl Aloro n nptrAaHHble cpeAcTBa.
Maccuponauue ornfl tro orAenbnbrM yqacrxaM tr rIeJrsM trogBoJlfler He
ero
TOJTbHOHaEeCTlr trpOTI{BHtrKy oonlmue rlorepltt Ho t [apaJltSoBarb
BoJrro x corrporltBJreHilIo. Oronb BB TaHXos u 6oesblx Mamrrn rrexoocranoBox r'r c
negercx c xogy, Koporxnx
ru (6ponerpanctroprepon)
Mecra.
Orneu uB TaIrKoB u doesnx MaIrr[H rrexorhl yrl{rrro?fiarcTcfl TaEKtr,
Apyrue 6pomrponauur,re qeJlrr, orrreBbre cpegcrBa E )r(trsafl cr{Jla lrpornBa raxx{e fioIrr{Ka, pagpyrrralorctr ero fopruQl{Kal{IronHr;Ie coopyx(enra'
pa)fiarorc.E caMoJrerr;r, BeproJlerl I{ Ap}'rue Boaqyrrrlrbre qenu. Orneru rae
clrJra' orneBbre cpeAcrBa Ir
yuutlTotr{alorc,a,r{I{Bas
6ponerpancloprepoB
rrpe4uasuaqeua
qe.nu.
6araper
JIff yntrrlro?r(eutr.s
MuuoMernaff
Apyrrde
orueBblx cpegcrB u mrlsofr clrJrr,r trpoTuBIrI'IKa.
flo4pasAeJreuufl ycranoBor( uporlrBoralrr(oBblx yrrpaBJlreMr'rx paner E
IIpOTI{BOTaIrKOBr,rx rpaHaToMeToB IIpeAHaSHaqeHIrr Jln yflurITo?I(eHug
Onu Moryr trpllrnnos lr Apyrux 6ponuponaulrbrx rlene rrporlrBnuna'
MeH.flTbcg TaK?r{e Airfi yHurITO?r{eHr{Fero orHeBbrx cpeAcTB, R ToM qrIcJIe
ooopy}r{eur{flx' a B or4erbnhlx cnyIraxogtrrquxcr n Soprn{uraqlrourrblx
qaflx - ff ero 6oesllx BeproJleroB.
flBilflercfl MoqIrrM orEeBbIM cpegcrrpauaroMeroB
flo4paa4eneHne
upeHasllaqeg6 AJIH IIOpaIKeIII4H '+tIiIn
6ara.nr'Oua
BOM MOTOcTpeJTKoBOIo
nOft Crlnr,r U OTHeB6IX CpeACTBIIpOTI{BEtrI(, paCIIOJIOTI(eHHI'IXBIre VKpLIru, n orxpr,rrblx ofiouax (rpanmenx) rr 3a cx.rlagxaMu Mecrnocrl{.
3enurnrre rro4paa4eJlelrltff npegraauaqel{bl Ars yuuqro)fi eurrfl caMoJIeroB, BeproJleroB, 6ecnralornhlx cpe4crB I4 Boa[yrrrullx
AecaHToB rrpoTIIBITTTKaHa Ma.[bIX tr cpeHl4x BbICOTaX, A TaI(X(e MOIyT llptrBJreHa'I|bcfl
glx 6opr'6r,r c HaBeMHr,IMurtreJlflMl{ u uexotoii trporl{Burrra.
rlopaagellerrmfl, flpe4xaauarleHril,qJr.a yuurlTo]fieHrrfl rr
Ilyneruernue
rrollaBJreglrfl ?r{rrRoft SLIJILIu orrreBlrx cpegcrB rlporrl3rrl{Ha s rlerRx o6ecrreqeHrr ycrrerunoro rrpo4Buxtenr{fl MorocrpennoB}nx rrogpaa4eJreunft s
yep?fianlrtt rIMIr uoaraqn B o6opone'
HacryrrJrentrr.r vr yrropnoro
AJIn
Itporrae TOror IIIJTOMeTHIr IIopasneJIeHI{ MoryT npI{MeIIgrbcfl
1

yHurrroft{eEufl ErrSKoJleT.flqrrx qeJreu IIpOTTIBHEXA r{ elo AecarrToB B Bo3Ayxe u Ha seMJIe.

- EarlpaBneurro HarrpaBJrenriIro Molr(et 6nrtr QponralrnnrM
Orour
qeJIIr,
qenu, t[rauroBlrM - EarIpaBreHHhIM no t[ranr
HrM r( ifpoury
rrepenpecrubrM - Be4yqnMcfl c Atsyx u 6onee rrarlpaBJlelrnft uo o4no
qenu. Oroub us rIyJIeMeroB H aBToMaroB, orKpLIBaeMLI nnecauro c 6nugKrrx paccroqHn n oHoM lratrpaBJreHlll{, HaBhIRaeTcfl r(IrH}1(Jr.bHtIM.

V n p a e n e n Hneo f i p a B e n e i { H R M U
xapanrep 6oeBrrcoKaq rroBr{TnuocrbtroApaaeneRu,MaEeBpeHHbr
Bbrx [ecrBu, pesHue u8MerreHuflo6cranosxn rpe6yror or KoMaHErrpoR
BCeXCTerreEefropranuaaqurr noAroToRr{r{6on n xopoTnue cpoKrr, ycrorrr{Bofo Il HellpepbrBHoro ytrpaBJleHl{fl.
Ynpaettenue e 6on Bar(.IlroqaercflB rrocroflrruolt pynoBol{crBe
lrogqlrHenuhrMr4floApaaeJrenrrgMtltro rro4[epmarlulo r{x lucoHoii
6oeso roroBnocrrr, TrqareJlbuoii rto4rorosxe trx K 6olo u HarIpaBJreurirrrycwttwt tropggeJrenuiina Bhlrloirr{enue 6oesux aaq.
Ono crpourcfl rra qeurpaJrr.rsaqtru pyxoBogcrBa tro4paa4eJlenrrffMrlco
cToporrbr cTaprfiero KoMarrI{pa rI IIInpoKoM IrpoflBJIeHI{I{ rrHr{qr{aTuBLI
trorrr,ruenur,rMr{
flpu BbrrloJluerrufi6oqrux BaAarI. ]touaugupl't rloApas[enenn Hecyr ruquyro orBercrBenrlocrb Ba yctremuoe BblrroJlrrenue6oeso
aaarru, Ouu 4o.nxnbr trocrolulro Buarb o6cranoBry, cBoeBpeMeHHo
npI{HUMATb

peIUeHtrE

tr CTaRI/tTb 8a[aq[

IIOACUHOHHLIM'

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seaqMo4ecrBr{e, Bcecropolruee o6ecueseflue 6os rr Baqrrry or la?I{IrtroApa3eJIe*

rareJrbrroro opy{utr, TBopo yrrpaBJIf,Tb rroAquIreHHhrMLI
Hr{fllU,

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rrOCTaBJreIrHbrx

3aAaq.

oprarrtrBaropcnllx ctoco6nocre, curl'uo

3ro rpe6yer or IrI{x RTTICoKI{X
BOJrrr, caMocroflreJrbr{ocrtrr, 8HaHI,Iff xpaRTepa coBpeMerrHoro 6on,
cpeAcrB lr cnocodon ero BeAelrrrs.
Vnpanrenrae rrogpaageJreuut{MrrBKJIIoqaerrlo4lep}fi anue nocto gnuo
6oeno roroBnocrrr K BbIrroJIIreHuIoflocraBJleurrrJx doenux BaAarI; HeIrpepbrBHoe rr3yrreHrre IlpoTr{Rlrufia u ApyIIrx eJIeMeIrToBodcranonxn;
cBoeRpeMerrHoe
flprrHflTr{epemeHl{fl n [oBeAerrle EaAarIo rroAqrrIrellHblx;
rloAl'oroBopraHrrsarlrrrou rloAepxtaHr{eIIerlpepIBIroroBBar4MoJ[eftcrnun;
Ky no4pasenenufi n 6oenuru AecrBuEMu r{x Bcecroponlree o6ecueveuue;
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CBOeBpeMeHHO CrBI{T}r 3A[aqI4 II0A{II'IHIIBCTII paBBeAKy IIpoTI[BHI{fia'
IIbIM' yMeJIO ICIIOJILSOBaTL BCe mTaTIILIe II IIptrAaHEble OIHOBI'IO CpeACTBa.
rIporI'IRIrrTKa'
nopa}fieHprfl
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a TaKX{e peSyJIbTTbr .gepEoro

Or olmeu Haxo[rrrr,c-B na nan6onee Ba]r(HorllrlrrpanJrentrE rr cBoefi,:r:[I,rrr]irr-:tltlttt: rr tlori, 7l]

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PACIIOPJI'T{CHI{H
rI porrB.rr.r]
crreJrocrb,rrHr44uarrrBy, Heuonoore6uMyropeurrrreJrbrrocrb BhrnoJrnurt 6oeoyrc 3aairy.
Fiolrau4lrp 6ara;rloua lporu) y[paBJrfler uogpasgeJreu]rrrMn [yreu
orarrH ycrHHx 60eehrx rlpufia30B, pacllopflifieEu, a raKrr(e HoMarrA
tr c:r.rrrrairoB.lJpnnaelr, pacuopfffieurr.fl r.t KoMarrAbJ[on]fiHbr or[aBarrc.s
r{paTKo rr peleJrr,Ho trcllo.
Pa6ory uo opraurrcaquu 6on KoMaHAfip6ara;rlona (porur) rpoBo.qur,
KK IIPABUJ'IO,
HA MECTIIOCTIIT
A HOTAAOdCTAUOUKA
HC IIO3tsOJI,flET
BbIEXATb
tra Mecrrrocrb, 3ra pa6ora trpoBoAr{rcfl Ha Kapre (Ua nraxere necrnocru).
o4nano rl a ?ToIcflyrre orl i1o,lr?rieu
r4a6lcxarr' BoaMolrtnocrb ,q;ta yroqrreH[[ 3aAac rroApasAet-reHr{flMa. opraHrrsaqr{rr BSarrMoAecrBu.EHa
necTrIocTlr.
llopa4oH pa6oru ro opraurraaqull 6on xarm4u paa BaBrrcrrror rcorxperuo o6c:ranosKfi, rro.'IyqeHEo aa4avu rr rraJrurrufl BperweHrr.Padory
o oprarrtaaqlru 6oa HoMarr[Ep 6ara.lrona (poru) HaquHaer, KaK trpaluuJro, c [oiryqeur[eu 6oesoro rrprrxas (6oenoro pacrtopnrxegrn) ulu
upeABap-6Teirbrroro6oeooro pacuop.ErrieHrrfl,
c uo;ryvenuen doeuoro trprrxaga u,cu 6oesoro pacnopnineHrrfl Houarrxnp dara;rtona (porn) yfl.ct{flzmaadavy, o[peAeJrfler Mepotrpu.qrrrfl, xoopbre ueo6xo4lruo trpoBecrr{ rrere[Jrerrno4nr 6ucrpernreft lo4roronKtr rrogpaaAe;renufr K BbtrroJrrreurrronolryvenno sa4aqu, uponaBoiu,rr parqer Bperlrenu,aer yxaaarrqff Haqa.{buury rura6a tro tro4roroBne
rloApag4eileun n BhrrroJrHeHI4Io
IrpeAcrorrtr{ux aAaq, tro opraur{Baqrun
paaBeAxr[, o BpeMerr[ r{ tropnrne padoru Ea Mecruocrrr, o{eur{aaer
o6cranoany, rprrnrrMaer perrreur4e,onJraghrBaerero crapueuy KoMaEAupy, AoBoAr{TAo cuorlx aaMecrr{TeJre.
n xouauqrrpoB troApaa4elexr, gaer
r.rMyr(a8ar{trrrl opra.ErraarltrEBcecropouflero o6ecuesenuR dor, yupaBJreulnfl lr uo.u{Tutrecnofi pa6oru, upooo4ar penoruocr{uporny, oraer
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onifierr uByqr{rb:
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rra }raJrr,rx rr IlpeAenbHo MaJrb{x BbrcoTax; paIrarluoEEylor xl[Mllqecxylo
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B peaylnrare yflcrrerurr BaAaqn, ollenr(rr o6ctauosxu KoMHAIrprIoApa3Jrerrrr.E
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naupaBrerrr4e cocpeorosenug oclroBrllitx ycll.uuft (uaupan.teu[e cocpegoToqeHE.gocuoBlrbut ycluu u yqacrxtr Mecrnocrr,. or yAepffaurrfl r(oropbrx SaBucur ycroYuaocrb o6opoHu), xanoro llporualJuKa,' r{aHuM ctroco6ou u s xaxofi nocne4oBareJlblrocrrr paarpoMlrrbr rroptr4or( noparterrrrfl rrpornBr{lrxa orlreM rurarnblx rr trprrAaulrblx cpegcrB, 6oe-Bo tropflAOn rroApaseJrcEufi.
Peruesue noMarrrprro4paageJrenun orfopuJrfler ua cBoe padoseft
fiapre. Eoesble Ba[aqrr noApsAeneHrrM 06rsllo AoBoAsrc.fl: rrepeA
6oeu - 6oesn trprrxasou,- B xog,e 6os - 6oenu.l.ru pactropff'fieIlUflMU.

flpunan peurerrre,noManAup dara;rroua (poru) or4aer 6oeaoit'npu,aar

KpaTnrre BbrBo[hlE3 or{eIII(EIIpoTrrBB KOTOpOrr,Kaft rrpaBuJro,yr(a3rBaeT
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n tloro 75

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gecrrun,
B xoe 6on s cJryqflx, r(or;1a tpe6yrcrcn HeMeJrerrubre
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o6cranosre RoMarr4up rroApaBAeJIeEIr.soJrlr{eu Haxo4lrrbc.fl B Taxol
Mecre doesoro trop,EAKa,r{oropoc o6ecnesunaer eMy xoporuee sa6,nroeCBOI{Xlr0ApAseJresnr.r cocee
HIe 3a IrpoTtrBHtrHOMr.I eCTBAffMIT
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4ecrnurvu cuonx
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6oesorr{ rropffArte BBBoAa, a trpu 4eftcrnuax B lrerrreM tropflAne - Ba
r(errbrc BsBoAa.
ltoiuauqup or[eJreurrfl (rauna) Haxo4r{rcfl B qerru (6oenou uopn4ne).
Bce Holrau4upbr rro4paereresu o6.saaum rrocro.flHuo uMerb upx ce6e
cpeAcrBa cBfSu Il yMerb pa6orarr, Ha Hfix.
;l[;rx o6ecueqerr,rff ynpaBirerrurr npr4Merrrrx]rcfl paArro-, rlpoBo,qlrble,
noABulnHbrg, cldr.rraJlr,rrbrecpeacmea cfl3u. PaAuo .flBJrfieTc.EocHoBrrbrM cpe[crBoM. B 6oro Bce xo]ranAhr tro paArdo rrepearorcfl orKpbTl{M Ter(cToM, rrprr aToM HarrMerroBaHr/r-s
troApaSAenenu lr AoJrx{HocTn
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HauMelroBaopEeETr{poB, a raK?fie ycJroBrrbrur{ (noguponanuuuu)
ItlrMIt.

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irfl rrepeAarrll pacnopflrnenu r1 AorreceHllfr so scex BIrAax 6ol, a raft]fie
rra Mprue E trplr pactroJlox(eHuu Ira MecTo.
Cnraarrurre cpegcrRa cDxau rlplluerflrorcfl. JIfl trepeAarltr gptrTeJrbCIITIIaJIOBOtrOBeqeEIIg' yilpaBneIIILfi E
LIX, SByKOBbIXI4 CBeTOtsbIX
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f{na ynpaurer{r,rfl no4paaAenenrr.flMr{tr orneM Hasnaqarorcfl euHbre
opueH,mup w, no4rrpyrorca touo rpatfuqec Krre Kaprhl u Mecruble trp eAMerhI,
ycrarraB,rrtrBarorc.ff
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JroBubre r{oMepa Ha 6oeso TexHr4Ke.
B Kaqecrne oplrenrupoB Brr6uparorcrr xoporuo BuAIlMbIe ArreM rr
Iroqbro u uaudo,lee ycto'runr're or pagpylneuuft nectuIe rrpeAMerbl.
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xEMr4qecKoro ra 6axrepr{oJroruqecftoro opy}firr.fl, a rafite o paArroafiTIIBEoM, xrrMuqecnou u darrepuoJroruqecr(oM aapalfteutr ocyqecrrJl.aercff
rlocrorrHrro 4ectayxlqnMtr crrrHaJraME, ycraEoBJreEEbrMI{CTapruuMr(oMarrArrpoM. llx qonxen Buarb Becr' JIuqEr cocraB.
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77

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orAeneEtr.fi
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<Or4eaenue, Fa py6err BeJreuoro KycrapEnxa, uepe6exxo, ctrpaBa (c.nera,
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tOrgeaeulre, B EalrpaBnentrE or4eJrbuono AoMa, Ea py6ex uacwnu, rroJrBXoM,
ctrpaBa (eaera r cnpana) uo ognoMy - BIIEPED.
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Ecpenena nan paate nut .Sponma qenu:
(OlAeneEBe, BrrpaBo (ueno), B EatrpaBireEulr 6yrpa, ErrpaBnrnoqufr - pxgoroi Cuupnon - MAPIb.
fiauxenu,c qenu naaa:
<Ore;reuue, otofiru ua py6ext Eacuuu, cnpana (cneBa, ctrpaBa u cnera) uo o;1EoMy - MAPIlb.
Ilepecmpoenue us qenu noi,oturtA:
<Or,qeaexze- a rmo, B KonoEEy no oEoMy - MAPIIb.
B a B o I a
A r s
(upn gecmqnx B rremeu uopxgxe)
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(uo;raxorr)n ctrpaBa (oreaa) no or4eneurM - BIIEPEIIT.
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?Li I'.u,ru. tT'rtot

Etre - MAPIIb.
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ua npe6oeeoeo
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If oucn BanJrroqaerc.B c(pnrrrroM uoAxoAe rro4paaAenenua (rpyuuu)
ft BapaHee rraMeqeurrorrryu rrayrreuuoruy o6tenry trporrrBnuxa, Br{eaarrrrou rralraAeHrrrdHa Helo u BaxBare trJIeHHbrx, ,qoxyuel{Ton, o6paar4on
Boopylr{eHnr u cuapflrttenr{.fl. O6oexrauu [or{cna Moryr 6nru o4urro{rrbre uoeHrrocJryx{rqrre vlru ne6onrruue rpytrtrbr trportrBrruna,
pacqerbr orneBrJx cpeAcrB a 6oeso Texrrrrxrr, floucn
opraHrr3yeTc.fl B ycJroBasx HerrocpeAcTBerr[oro cotrptrKocHoBerru.sc trpoTr{BHrrFioMtro yKa3arrtrI() cTaprxero HoMarrArrpa.
Iatem gal{nroqaerc.fl Bo BuegarrrroM }ratraAenrru Ha rrporr4Bur{Ka B
r{eJrrrxBaxBara rrJrenubrx, ofiyMerrloB, odpaaqon Boopy}fierrun u 6oeno
rexHuKrr, a ramlxe BbrBoAar{a crpo.fl (yurmroxienun) cpe4crBfleprroro
rratraAerrrrfl,tryrrxToB yrrpaBneuu.Err Apyrux Ba)r(Hrxo6renron. O6nqno
oH rrpoBoAnTc.spaSBeAbrBaTeJrbrrbrMrn
opraHaMrr trpu BeAenllu paSBeAffE
B

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J00-600,

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cKphlroM pacllono]HeHurr pasBer,rBaTerbr{oroopraHa rrJrrr rropa3eJreuux (rpyunr'r) aa nyrax ABr{}r{eHr.rfl
rrpoTr,rBnuHa
Jrfl BHe8atrrro.roHanaAeflrrn IIa rrero B rIeJrEx gaxBara frJrerrrrbrx,oHyMeHTon,o6paarlon Boopyiltellnfl, 6oeso TexHur(u tr cHapfl]r(eEr{8. Aog ycrpocrna BacA}r
(raxxonnr) BBBoA, orAeJrentre (raux)
Haarraqaercfl uorocrpennonu
r{Jrrrrpyntra cneqr{aJrbnono,qo6panrrbrxcoJrar rr ceprilarrroB.
flprn nocrauoBxe BaarrnuoApaa4eJrenr{ro,HaaHaqeHHoMyB aacay,
yxaalrBarorcn cn4errlrfl o trporr{Buuxe, Mecro, BpeMq aacabl, BaAasa,
rrop.flAoxgefrcrnu [ocJre ee BrnrroJrHerrrfi,
a npu ueo6xo4rrMocrrr - trop.flAOK IIOAAeptItE OIHeM, CrrrHaJrhrOtrOBerqeHlr,fi,yrrpaBJrellr^fl.r.BSarrMogefic.nur, rrpouycx u orabrn.
Paaeena 6oem nponoqfrTcfl.B I{eJr.Exyroqnerru xapaxrepa o6oponrr
trporrrBunna, Bcr{phlTr{fl crrcreMhr ero orrrfl rr Barpa}riAenn, a ranrxe Hailratrufr BocK ua nepro fioarrqflu. Paene4na 6oelr npono4rrrc,rr roJrbno
ror4a, Kor lrer BoaMorr(Hocrrrgo6nrr paaBeAhrBareJrbur,re
Aar{HhreApyrr,rMr{ cuoco6auu. ,{,nn pasaegxlr 6oen Haarraqarorc-sMorocrpeJrnoBlre rr
rarrnoBble noApaa4eJrelrufl. fieftc"rnua ux [o4ep]nrrBarorc.s yAapaMu
aBrrqrlr{, olrreM apTr{JrJrepru{r.r Apylux cpecrB.
yqeau.a pa3BeAhrBareJrbnbrxcne4eun o
Elarxunruu r{croqrrrrnaMu rro.rr
trporuBrrnfie .flBn.srorc-EtrJreurrrire, rrepe6ex(su]ru, aaxBaqenrrhleAonyMeErEr, o6paaqr,r Boopylxeurrs u 6oeno rexrrurtr.
B 6aranrone rr pore Begercfl nocxonaa, paArraquonrra.s, xtrMuqecKafl, Hectrequ{rvecxar
6aHrepuolorslrecnaff (6uonoruyecraa)paeregHa, r 6ara.rboue, r(poMe roro,- aprunnepucxaff, a B pore - paAtroJror(aqtroEEa.fi pasBeAKa.
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nue por - e ,t utrurc (uapuaur)

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eaeouu,ilu

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,.orocrpeJtto1oporu. IIoaoenue eaeo|oa IIpe6oeeo& nopaon Vcu.nettrto,

o tunuto otovv (naPnarr)

mp
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enepe (rapuatrt)

n c0

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po'rbt,t Hacrynalou4e'
Eoeeo nopa7on ycu,rerun'oti ltorocrpe&noloil
nopane. iloaoeruue eaeooe - e rurtuto (napnanr)

e netueil

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cfir.re HdnloaTenbHSretrocTI tr xtrMlrqecfiae EadnloaleJllr R3 ooclaBa
clleqrranbHo troAroroBJreHHbrxAnfl aroro oTeneHu (aftstra;fie rarrnoB).
Apru;r.rrepucxas paaBeAxa BeAerc.HrurarurrMtr u trprrannrMa aprrarepuftcxul,la
rrogpaaeneEr,rrME.
,{,.nx ne4entrfl BocnoBo paaregxu Eagnarrarcrc.E: B daranboue pasBeArBareJrbHf,re
g.rtff
Aosop, a rar?r(e rroApaaAanentrfl (rpynnu)
ycrpofrcma Saca, AoBoprrre o?AeJreHrrr{ (ranxu}, Ha6nroEarenbEEre
trocrlr (na6nroqarenu), B pore - Aoaopuhre orAJrerrtr.fi(ranxn), H6nroareJrn, a trEorga n 6oeao paaBegblBareirbxr'rAoaop, Bo BBBoe
na6nnarefib.
Eoeeo, pas*eusan'r.etbnu osop Brcbrnaercfl culo o BBBoAa.
B ero cocraB upu ueodxo4trMocrtr Mo)fier Bnnroqarbcrr trrrlmerrepuo-carrepuoe orqenenue (catepu).
B xoge 6oa 4oaop 4ecrryer odnsuo uepe4 {ponrou EJrrr Ea $laxrax 6ata;rrona (poru)
Ha yAaJreurtr, odectrerrtrBarotrleMnadlrogeuue
aa HrrM u nofl,{epxxy orHeM, a qpu oTcyl'crBf,tr rretrocpe,qcTBorrEoro
cotrprrxocuolerrrrfl c trporuBrrtrr(oM - Ea yaneurru Ao 10 xu.
Saqauu 6oeso paaBebrlarenbrrtr Aosop BbrrroJrrr.ser
EadrroAeEEeM,
a trIrorAa BacaAMEE EaJreraun. B 6o oH Bcr5maer B cnlruasx, xorga
EeBoguo)r{Horrox1 rurr ueo6xo4urf,re cBeAeEtrff o rrporuBrrufte tryreu
sa6aroenn.s.
IIpr nocrasoBr(e BaAarrE 6oenouy paanerBarenbuoMy Aoaopy yfta8f,rBalolCff: CBeAeFtrfi O rrpoTg.Brrf,r(e, coclaB Ao8opa, EaIIpaBJreEtre
(o6rexr) paonegfttr, xafiue cBe4eutrff f, R xar(ouy cpoxy4o6rub, Bpeils
Eaqana paBBeAKEu cuoco6u Aecrlnfr, uopflAor trogep?r(arnfl. cugn n
oxnaAa o peoynbrarax paaBeqxf,, a raxxie gefrcrnu trocJre Br'rnoJrEeHufl BaAaqEr cf,rnann otroBeqentrfl, Jmpanneuufl EBaarruoAecrltilfir
cuocodH BBauMEoro otroBrraBaHu.s,IlporrycK tr oraf,rB.
flo.nyvun ga'qaqy, xouanup EBBoAa,Hasrraqenuhr n 6oeno paaBsAIIBareJrbx]r goaop, yqcx.Eer aaAarry, oqenrilBaer odcmro8x y, Eaueqaer
reporrpurrrns,
Koropne ueo6xo4nno trpoBecrtr, E otrpeAenfler uop.trAor
EeeEufi pasBeKtr.
B 6oenou trptrKaae r(oMaxtrp BBBo odrrquo yfiaahrBer: cocraB,
lroJlolmenue tr xapaxrep AecrBtr trIxrrEBEuKa, pctronox(enue ero
orueBhrx cpe4crB n pesepBoB, EarrpaBnetrue(o6oexr) paBBe,qKEE Bagarry
Aoaopa, Baaqtr orerreutrfiM (rauxau), BpeMfl uaqaJra paaBeAr(u, cBoe
recro E aaucrtr"ers. flocne oraqtr doenoro nptrr(asa r(ouauAtrp BsBoAa
ynaablBaer cnocodu 4ecrnd, uop.flAor{trogepffiauufl cBflB[, curuJrrr
orloneqeuufi, ylpaBnesEfl n nsauuo4ecrur.fl. v nopflAon geficrnu ro
EtrM.
B uacryuaerau rrpu trpop[Be odoporn trporuBntrr( 6oeno paaBegurarenrrn
Aosop gecrnyer odrrsuo n 6oerou uoprnxe 6araaroxa
(poru), a c [popr'rnou uepno ltoarrqtru o6oponu trpoltrBntrxa' f,crroJrb8ys trpouerfiyrrn tr paapr'rRu n ero 6oesrr tropgAxax, cueno tr perulr

Saxae 1662

Itrotrpaeeaerxn e 6on El

TeJrbEorrponur(aer B rny6utry o6oponrr E.alr^EBJrser EaJrrrqe trporilB-'

EEKa repeA {ponmu n ua fuaurax dara.rrrona (poru), otrpe4enser xapaftrep ero gefrcrnu, pacno.uolreutre oruesrrt cpecrB Ha rroatrquffx,
SaEr{MaeMrxEporEBrrIrKoM, ycTarrasntrBaeTrrpoMe}fiyrr(u, cla6o o6opoEfieubre Jrlracrl(u, a raxrr(e Bafparr{AentrflE rlpetrfiTcrrnfi. flpz nenoalroxocrn upournrryrr r rlydnny qepea 6oenue uopfiKrr uporunnuxa 6oeao paane,qnrnarurrnrr oaop, trptrMex.EflcbK Mecrrocrtr, Be4er paBBeAry ua6anxea[eM, upu udxo4truocrn Bruy?ffAaerrrporuBrruxa orxpbrrb
oroEb, ylorlEffeT pactronolKeEse efo ouoprrrx tryHnToB E orEeBrrY
cpecrB.
Bo Bcrpequou 6orc 6oeno paaregunarenrurr oaop BrsBnfie
EarrpaBJreuueBrirl{Burfi
enufl rrporuBrrtrKa, ero cEJrErE pydemu paaBeprrBaElIfl, A TarOKe XapaKlep MarleBpa.
B xo4e o6oponurerruoro 6on 4oaop orrpegeJrter curr trporuBurxa,
rirt.ilunzsmerocfi B o6opony, u ero EaMepeutrff rro coBeprtrentrm r,raueBpa.
orxo trporaButrr(, Ao;op EeueAJreEEo oxna4llBaer o6
O6napyxun
gTord, rrtrrcpf,lBaeTcfi r( ero fJraBEbrM cEJraM,onpeAenfler rrailpBnerrEe trx
B xo4e rrpecJregoBanuff rrportrBatrRa
E xapar(rep geiicrwm.
orxola
6oeso pagBeAlBarenluufi Aoaop 4ecrnyet rax rfie, ftaK tr paaBerBarenrsrl# Aoaop.
Paaeeu.aarnetonw oaop cutrofr. Ao BsBoAa BhrclrJraercfl or 6aranboua (poru), a orAeJrrrrbrpaare4rraarerrnpfr
Aosop - pactropflrr(eurreu
crapruero KoMaEAupa. Bano4y Moxrer rrptrAaBarcfl trHlrenepno-catrepuoe or4enenue (cauepu).
Ann Be4errufl paBBeAKtr euy yr(abrBaerc.E rratrpaJretue fiJrrr nouxpernrr o6bexT.
3aaqu paaBe,qrrBare.nrrrr (or,4enrnw paaBe[HBarenrnr) Aoaop
artroJrrr.Eerna6uro4eureM, BacaAaME, EaJrerauu, a upu neo6xo4uuoctu
r 6oeu. Kouangrp BBBo,qapaaBe,4ny ua6lroqesuelr Be4er auvuo. ,{,rn
ocMolpa MecTrrocTE tr MecTEbrx trpeAMeToBB rlallpaBneEtrr{ Bu}IieEns.E,
B cropoxe or Eero oE BrctrrJraerAosopnble orAenenrrx (rannu).
Bano4 B Aoaope 4ecrayer, r(ax trpaBano, lra 6oesux MamtrEax.
rrexorr, TaEKax (6poaerpancuoprepax). .{oaopuoe orAeJreutre Mo?r(er
BIuoJru.rrb ga,qaqy ua 6oeeo Marrruno trexorlr, Tarrxe (6pouerpaucuoprepe) r,nu B tremeM tropflAr{e, a auuo rra rrr}Kax. Begn pasne4xy BAanu
oT rrpoTuBrrtrKa, KoIAa BcTpeqa c HUM ManoBepo.ETHa,,qo3op ,qBtr,l(ecfi
o6nrsno rro ,qopore Ea uaxcuMa.rrno cxopocr[.
B paone sosuoffino
BcTpeqtr c trpoTtrBEEnoMoE trepeMeqaeTcfl cKpbITHo, fiaa rrpaBEno, BHe
lopor, oroEoro y4o6noro g.ux na6nro4eEqs tryEKr K ApyroMy. Ec.nr
B xoAe ABElKeHuff Aosop o6napyxur uporuBnxra r pefroue, B r(oropoM
oE lre trpeIronaraJlcfl, KoMaHAr{p EeMeJrerruo oKJrablBaer o6 arou
u u 4anruerrreM B BaBrrcrMocrtr or Eoryqerruhrx yrtasanu Epo4oJDfiaer
paBBsAKy o6napyxenuoro trporr{Bnlrna trJru BbrnoJrrrffer parree trocraBJreErry() 8aarry.
Paaae4xy tr troxoAnoe oxpauenne trportrBnnr(a pagBe4brBarenrnru
(ot4elrnru paaBer-rnarenruu) o3op odxo4ut, trpoggfiafl K ero rJrBEblM caJIaM. B cayyae sneaalno Bcrpeqtr c uportrBntrxoM, KorAa HeBoa82 raaea rperrx

lrolr(Eo ynJrorrtrTbcfl or 6or, Aoaop orrpf,rBaer ororrb, cuglro HauAaeT

Ea trpoTtrBEEr(a E, EcnoJrb3yfi ero SaMemaTeJrbcTBo,3xBTrBeTtrJrer{Ebrx. uocJre qero trpoAoJrlftaer BbrtroJruflTb Bagarry. B qeaax gaxBar
trJreunbrx, Aor(yMeEToB, o6paaqon Boopyrrteuug u doenofi Texrrrlnu trportrBEtrKA O3op ycrparrBaeT BacaAy, a Anff yEErrro?fieEr.ff ero cpeAcrB flAepEofo tr xuutrqecxoro HatraAenuff E Apyrux Br(Hbrx o6beKToB npousBoET EaneTDr.
B nacTyrrJreEtrtr paBBeAr'rRare.rtnu (or4e.irrnrrft paaBeAbrBareJIbxnr) aoeop, rctroirbayq trpoMe)r{yrr(E rr ornphrrHe ([.nauru n 6oesoil uopfiAKe trporuBntrr(a, cueJro trponnxaer n rny6uny o6oponn, Br.ffBJrget
pacuonoil(eHlle otropErJx uyEKToB, orEeB}[x cpeAcTB, HaJlUqIle u xapaFrep {opru{trKa{uosutr[f,
@opy)r(eurr u aarpaxrgeunfi, B rou rrucne uecra
ycTaEoBKu sAepEI{x rqE, onpeeJrfleTrrosEqEtr E KoopEr{aTbrcpecTB
fi,4epH0ro tr xMrilrecKoro HatraAeE[fl, orEeBEre tro3rrqEtrapTtrnneptru,
uecTa pctronorr(eHtrfi THX()B, tryEKToB JmpaBneHtrs rr pa{EoaJreKTpoEErx cpe,qcrn, pafronrr pacrroJror{euu.fi BTophrx rrreronoB (peaepnon),
aorrhr BapiDr(eurfl, paftourr paapyEerru, uoxapon u BarorrJreun, uyru
nx o6xo4a trntr EtrpaBJreulrfl trpeoonerrufi.
[Ipu pasne4ne orxo4flqeno rrportrButrr{a Aosop o[pegeJrser Etrrpalren[e ero orxo4a, cocraB KoJronE, troanqutr u py6exir, nororaBntrBaelrbre An.a odopourr n rny6uue.
(orgentnu
Bo Bcrpeqrrou 6oro pasBeAhrBarelrnu
paaBe4hrBarelrnu) Aosop ycranaBJrtrBaer cocraB rr rratrpaBJreuue ABEIHeHI-fi rnaBE6rX CUJrtrIlOTtrBrrEKa,UeCTaB HOJTOHEaX
CpeACTB
.EAepHOrO
E XtrMUqeCXOro Eatr4qcnu, HaqaJro u py6exu paaBeprhrBanufl, trosuqrtr cpeAcB
ff4epEoro tr xtrlf,ErrecKoro Hatra,qeHtrfi E apTunJreptrE, MecTa tryEr{ToB
ytrpaBneHns, cocTaB E naqpaBJreEtre Br/{Btr}fieErrfl BTopEx orrreJroEoD
(peaepnon).
B odopone trptr orcyrorrtrf,
HerrocpegcrBennoro cotrptrKocuoBentrfl c
trporEBHtrKoM Aoaop on fieE cBoeBpeueuuo o6napyxurb ero BHABrrlr(eEne u paSBepTHBaHEe,tro3qtrn cpeAcTB fiAepHoro tr xrrMlllrecKoro HatraeEurr E apTurnep[E, MecTa pacuonoxtetrufi tryrrftmB ytrpaBnerrtrfl,
BTopHx arfle.rronoB,peaepBoB tr Apyrtrx o6renros.
flpn paanegxeeono.npeapaaAooopycralaBJrntaer EaJrfirrrre,
tr xapar{ecraB
rep gecrnntrporrnBxrxaEa cBoeutr trpornnotroJro;xroM
6epery. O6uapyxrr upoTEBEr{xaa rrogcrytraxx rogro trperpae,goaopo6xo4nr ero EJIEnpourrnaerx BoAroft nperpa4esepearpouerr5rrxn B 6oenorropffIlre. Brrfts n ao4uoftuperpae,oB
orrpeAenfleree trfipuny, ray6rxy, cftopocrl rrerrertrf,,oocroflEuenofrmu. rpynT.qna
aarpaxgennfrna 6eperaxn B BoAe,uecra, ygo6uue
n 6eperon,ux xpyrr{BEy,EaJrEqEe
qln rfopcupoBaunx,BaJrEtrHe
nepenpaBff nx cocmlune. Ilcnonsy Ee BanflTrrre
rrpoltrBErrr(ouyqacrr(lr, EosoptrepenpaBJrflercrr
Ea rrpornBonoronsrr 6eper r BrlEBJrffeT ero otropEhre nyEKThrr pactronorlEue ofEeB[rx cIteAcTB,EanEqRe E xapaKlep Barpaxgexu.
IIpn reuosuo?r(Eocrn rrepetrpaBnrbcr Et trporrBorroJroxru 6eper
paane.qftao6oponxnqerocff Ea EeM rrportrBrune Be4ercf ra6lro4eunem co croero 6epera.
Paane4xa H.aicte&noeo nVr.Rma EacEnaercfi ocuorpoM eno oKparEH goaoprbru
orgeJreurreu (raxxou). [o oxorvanuff ocilorpa Aoaop pacuonaraecr BEe EaceJreunoI\o tryEKTa, CnpIrqo, EaroAsc B rol\oBEoclE troeptr(arb Ao8opEoe orAereEEe
(raxr) orueu, a rro tronyqennu cnrnana <Ilyrs cno6o4eur 6ucrpo BHABErarLcff B Ea-

0.

Ilogpaage-'renns n 6on &3

sa eAlEtrrI y
Odpaqaercr
Jrfire ocO6oe Bsmlasao
o&trelrlr rrygfiT. B aaceneuton
uepenpecTr(oB, BepxEtre oTatKE AoMoE E ApyIlE MecTa, re MoIyT OIl yc.ItrFOBJIeEE
orEeBbre cpecTBa IIpOTUSEET(a.
B aopa AoBop obrrlro Aafl,r$ercs BAon qopor' AoJrs' rPeiroB s Bo[er ptaoe4Iry uyTerr uoC.ueAoBaTeJIEOrOOCroTp& KOil&EAEtdX BIICOT II na6nrOgeauf C XnX. ,(O-

aDgax fi a lroBopolaME AOpOr'

ocDrorpoM ero OtryrI{E AOEopSIIM oTAenEEeM (arPaaaegxa *eca saqrEarcE

rrrfi paox uJrE Ea ynaaaxmri py6ex cEoeBpoMeEEoE B uonso ForoBsocrtr rt BbruonEeEnro 6oeaoii saaqff. BaffiuemnM lloKagargneM Mapltra
gBJrfieTcff cKopocTb ABtr}KeEITfl.
Ilpr corepmeuau Mapma no noporau cpeEnfi- cnopocrb ABnrfieEEfl
cueltraEEHx E TAEKoBrXKOJIIIB MOII(o 6Uffi 25-30 XU/r, anmuo6narnr-rx - 3040 xu/s
n 6onee. IIpn neperoane rEfioB Ea rfl)aeJrr[r
cpe[EsE cKopocrb Ex ABurr{eErrn Morfigr Aocrurarb rlo mocaBTOtrOeBAAX
ce 20-30 xrr/u, uo rpyEroBLIM Aoporalvr- 10-15 xu/c. IIpu eonepuermu Maprua B tremeu IropEAKe cpIIHEfi cnopocrb Morr(er 6urr 45 nrrr/Y,
a sa nDnax - 5-7 KM/s.
B ropax, trycrurrnx, cenepnlilx paiionax, n necucro-6olorucro uecrEocrtr D Apyrux nednaroupuflrnIx ycnoBxrrx cpeAEEs cr(opocrb ABtrqo 20 Krtiq. Bo Bcex cnyqafix Mapm AonrrcontrE lolr{er yuodrmarrcn
x{en coBeprnarbos c uanctrMaJrbuo BoBMo?r(Eon 4arnux ycnoBf,fix cr(opOCTITIO.

Melrt4y nogpaa4eneunf,M E MamEEaMu s onoune 6arcraqrn

tro uInIrr{M Aoporrd,
TaJrbora Moryr 6rrrr 25-50 u. IIpu grrxeuutr
B ycnoBugx orpauurrenno nu4uuocrn, B roJIoJreA' tro Aoporam, trMeloqI[M

llepelorxoillto nolpestromilxl
MorocrpenxoBrrro E Taar(onno trolpag4eneru.E Moryr ocyqoornnfiTb
trepeurnsEue cBonM . xoAoM .(uapmeu) trnt flepBo8urbcf, rfienesEoAopolrinrn r MopcREM (pevxrnc) rpaxctroplou. MomcrpenxoBxe tro4pasAonesrui,- xpolre Toro, MoryT trepeBo3ErboE BoSAyrtrElrM TpaEcnoproM'
a ragr(oBre flo[paaeneg6g. - Ea rfi?fieJrrrx aBTorIooBAax. Tor Entr EHo
cnocod trepeBn}fiellrfl trptrMeEfiercff B BaBEcnMocrE or qe.rlE' paccTofiEE.s, BpeMeEr, oTBoAEUOIo Ea lrepeBrur(eEEo' cocTo.EEEg I{O_riMyEUr(AOcnonrrnr
4E, iailusfrr. It Eoauo?xnocre Tpaxcrlopr*rx cpeflol.
cuocodou rlepe4Butfieuu.F troApaagenesn sBJlserc.f, Mapm.
trepegBzx(ese nogpaaAe.rleuu
9ro oprartrBoBanuoe
MaptutrO AOpOraM u noJroEErlt rIyTfiM B qenflx cBoeBpeMeEB ROJTOEITA-X
noro upn6urus B nasnaqesshli pafior trnE Ea yxaaanrn pydex
r uorxo 6oeno roroBgocrtr.
Ou uoxer coBeplllarbcfl B npeABtrAeEEtr Bcryfinonus s 6o uan Bse yrpoar cronr(EonextrE c trpornBntrxou. Mapm Molr(er ocyqecrBn"ETbcfi
x $poury, B4onr' {porta trJIE orrfpoura B TbrJI.Bo scex cnyqa.ExMapm
coBepmaerc.ff cr(prTEo, KaI( trpaBEno' EoqbK), a B xoAe 6oeawt gecrnufr
z n r;rydoxou THJIy clolilx noor - tr [Eeu.
B nrodrm )-cnoBuffx trorpaAenexzr Aolrrl(Eril npzdum B Eaaraqu&l ro"ra rpet"a

KpyIbIe

IIOIIreIfbIr

CIIyCKtr

I{ trOBOpoTbI'

a TAfiN{e

llpln

ABII]ROEtrE

c lroBblmeEnofr cnopocrbro trcTalrquE MelKAy MAruIfHAME yBeJIUTIUBAK)Tcfi.

Earraira Mapur n perltJlupoBautr.fi cnopooru
fl,na croerpeuexroro
ABulftentrg lrogpagAeneutrffM yxaabrBaloct ucxo4nu ITyEKT E IIyHrITbt
perynupoBnun. klcxo[srr tryEKr E rr5rxrcrbr perynupoBanlrfi no4pao[enenf, tI]oxoAT roaoso NoJIoIIEI B ycranoBirgtrgoe BpeM..
,{ln coxpauenun cuJr JIEqEoro cocraBa' H Irpe}I(Ae Bcero Bogtrlene,
trporepr(E cocroflEus BoopJDrteruf,, 6oeso u 4pyro fsxflnl(tr, trx
rIpEeMa trrqrf E orbfxa r{aTexEEqecKoro ocMorpa n o6c;ryxuBaElfl,
Eaauaqarorcfi
oman. llplsanu
Buatrarorcn npuaalL&, rev'o,(nwn)
qepea Rex(Anre 3-4 .raca ABBtr(eHEfl npogo.rtnTenbnocbrl
o oggofo
qaca E oflun trpnBax tpogoJDr(ureJrbuocrro ro AByx qacoB Bo nropo noB $oEqs
roBtrEe cyrorrEoro trepexoAa, a ['resuofr (uovxo) orErirx uapna
Ea
6onbmoe
conepmelrua
trepexoga.
flpx
rtalr(oro oJmowroro
pacoronrue qepea Eecr(onbfto trepexo[oB upr neo6xoEuocru tfio]fter
EASEArralbCn C5ruOVXnOTblx.
(norroro)
orggxa, a rafi}fte rrpnBnoB qpoIoJI?nE,{nx 4rerxoro
TeJrbuocrbrl Ao AByx qacon uuduparorcn paorn o ycnoBuflMu, 6l&totrpEfiTFhrMtr B OTEOItroETEr[&cntrpoBr{E u aaq,ufH or gAepEoro opyrnEf,t
A TAK?KE

C ,IOCTATOITEIM KOTETIEC.TBOH BOAI.

Ha upuna;rax, a paonax AEeBEoro(rouroro) orgwxa nocrpoelruo

KOIOSE trOqpa3ggneun

Se EapymAeTtfl,

EA
lArrtrIII OCTAESBJITrrIgIOTCff

upaao o6oqrge roporu se 6rnxe l0 u osa or Apyro EJrE Ea lucrsErttrflx. ycraEoBJIeHBrx l(ouanapou. IIpu Bbrnytr{Aenuofi ocrasosxe orIenbE}[:r MAIITEEOEt olBoAflrcH xa trpaByn cropoEy Aoportr, rAo yoTpaE.Erorc,a EeuctrpaBxoctr. flocrte ycrpauelrtrf, EenclrpBnocre MEuEI
trprcgepllg.EmTttr It 11poxAqe XonOuUe. Csoe uerO ogs AsnMaIOT
EA rrpEBAne.
llolpagAereaua

r 6olo 85

JItrErJ oocraB BrtatngBagrtf, .4 6oerro-t MarrrFF flsxomr (6poueTpaEctroprepon), rauxoB tr pyrm uarrrnrr roJrbno rro RoMaEAe cBoqr
r(ouan[poB u pactronaraerc.a clpaBa or Aoporr. B urmwaax ocTilrorc.E
na6nrogare.nz, [exypEue nyneMertruxn E paEcrbt, crpeJrftE-aenqrrluxl
pactronararctcg s6ruar MarrrEE B roroBrrocrq K yrqroil(enrro BoaAyrtrmrx qe;iefr trporuBuur(a. Sxxnaxr
6oeshrx urrrnn (pacveru, ro4grcnn)
trpotrBBo[.sr ocMorp BoopJDr{ogt.r, 6oenofi u 4pyro ToxEEKE u coBilecrEo

C EaBEarreEEhtM

EM B trOMOqb

JrlIIEbIlf,

COCTBoil

BhlrroJrEflroT

qecxoe odc.nyxtunarue E AoaatrpaBr(y lopnquu.

Iloxorcwfr. nopaon rur napuw Bftnloqaer cnelyroque
MeETb[:

KOnOEry

TJIaBrfHT

CEJI, IIOXOAEOe

OXpaEeEAg

TeXEE-

ocEonrrnre aJre-

E KOJTOEEy TbrnG-

Brx tro4paa,qe.nenufi. Bara.uuog Ea Mapme Molnor Eaxo,qrrbcfl B trepeAOBOMOTpgEe,aBErapAe EJrE B ftOnOEEerJrABEr.rXCnrt A pola - B r
.iroruo, 6oxooo, rulrso
noxo,qsofr ilacraBo [Jr[ B coc,TaoefionoEEH
6ara:rrosa.
floxo4ru
tropflAor{ 6atalrora
(poru), naauarreuroro n lepe4ono
orps4 Eiru aBaurapg (rononnyxl troxoEyro sacraBy), crpourcn c yserou drrctporo paaBeprbrBarqff tro[paa4enesr e 6oeso ropffAox E
Bcrytrnonufl -rx s 6o, Or cocronr EB KoJroEEbrr.lraBnrrx ctrJI E oxpauenux (puc. 15 sa ux.rr.).
fto.nonsa FraBqr;x cun 6atalrona
(poru) B saBtrttrMocr' or ycn*nurfr gf1u"oBrn Morfier Eurrb paanrilrrnoo trocrpoenne. Tannonoe noqpaaAe.rreEue, trpr,qaEEoe MorocrpenftoBoMy oara.urony (pore), cneAyer
o6uqso B roJroBe KoJroEElr, a MorocrpenftoBoe noApa4exene, trprrAanEoe ranftoBouy 6aranrony (pore), pactrpeAen.Eercff Mexrtry raunoBbruf,
poTaMfl, BSBOAaIIEtr CneyeT B trX trOXOAErXtrOptr[KAX 3A TaEr(Ar[u EJrtr
ffaauaqaerc.F B noxo[uoe oxpaueutre, apru]rnepufrcxoe no4paaAeneatre
cne4yer a 6oenrruu no4paageneun.srfln. flporunorauroam
BaBoA
tne4yer aa ronoBno uoxo4no aacraro EJIE sa roaosso poro rnanErrx cEJr 6ara;rrona. Ipauaroueruwfi
saso,q cnegyer oduquo aa roJtolno porofr riraBxlrx cn.n daranron, a nyleuerwr.rfi (upornnorauxoaouy.neuernrr) nsnog porlr - B ronoBe r(oJronubr poru. 3euarubrs rro4paa,qenentrs, trptrAannlre 6aranboxy, Bo Bcex cnyqa.Ex cnegyror 6.rrxe
K roJroBe Konongbr rnanurx cEJr, a BeEETHr'rfrBBBotr6ara.rrroua - c r(F
nonsoft roxoAsofi gacraso trJrE B cocraBe r;rlaBrrbrx cll.u 6ara.rtoua.
3a doesuMn tro4paaAenennfiMtr B troJrEoM GocraBe cnelyror troApaaAeneEEff TrrJIa tr Texgwreoxoro o6ectreqesns. MeAuquncxu nynxr 6araxbona cne4ysr o6uwo B ronoBe arux tropaage:rennii, a B trpeABEAoErru Bcrpevn c lrportrBggr(ou - oa doenwvr tro4paa4enegtrflMg, trpeAgagEaqenurlutr Ans Aecrsn.r B trepBou ame.rroue.
firln otparuenun, norlotulu, tur .n&pwe or 6ara;rtosa, cneyroqero B frepe.qoBoMoTpffAe JrE aBaErapo, BbrcbrnaroTcfi: B HatrpaB,'rerrtrEARrriKeIIEfl - roJroBEafftroxoAEaff aacTaBaB coclaBe B3BO4AEirE poTbr COCpeAcTBaME ycunentrfi, a ua {rnaaru E B TbrJrnpn ueodxognMocltr - ,qoaopEbre ore.lrenufi, TaEr{. Ioaossag floxosa-fl gacraBa culfo Ao porrr
BhrcInAeToT ce6fl ronosHofi Aosop B cocaBe BBBoa,a ro-,roBsa.flIIoxoAnafl sacTaBa cuno Ao BsBoAa u ro;ronuofr Aonop - osopnoe orAe8 rrra"a tpetu"

JIeEtre (raux) Ea yAaneEEe, odecllequBaroqee EadnroAellre aa EqM tr no[Aeprr(Ky ero orEeM.

floxoAxoe oxparreuue 6aranrosa AoJrlxrro o6ecuequrr decupennrctBeIIIIoe ABtrfieEtre rJraBsbrx cuJI, Ecr(JlrorrtrTbBse3trEoe EatraeEtre trpoIgBHUKA, O6eC[equrr BuoEnre ycnoBlIs Anfl BcryrrJreHa B 60, a rr,ITE IIO IOUYCTIIT trPOEtrITHOBEEI{'r
I( EITM EA8EMIIOfrPAANE4XIIIIPOTUB.
Etrr(a. Ha noApaaAeirelluff oxpaEeEtrfi Ea Mapme Bos.rraraercff rar(?r(e 3aAasa Be[eEufl pasBer(n.
flpn octauosHe daranbos Eg trp'B.n opra*.. trxoEro oxpareEtrfl OCTAEaBJruBarorcrrra BlirroAEbrx py6exax, opraHr!3yror nadarofteuue
tr EaxofiTcg B IIOCToffrnofr rorosEocrtr H OTpatr{eEr[Io trporEBEEr(A tr
o6ecuecenzro pBBeprbrBauuff darallona.
B paoue otqr-"a troxorroe
oxpaflesEe BrtronH.fie BaAaqtr clopoir(eBoro oxpaHeEufl. WV 3MeEfl_
eTcrr uM.

EeaEbrlr, noETponlo tr oKaSaEtrK) rrM troMorqtr.

flo.nyvnn Ba4arry Ea_Mapru, KoMaEAEp 6aralrona (porn) trpu yffcne_
Etrtr SaAarIua oqeHr(e o6cranoaxu xpoMe o6H.rnHX BOtrpoCoBusyqaer tro
r(apTe Mapnrpyr ABrD(efftrfl' ero upor.fi7r(eHrrocrb r{ trpoxoAl{tr{ocrb, ycJroRtr.a coBeprtreEEfi Mapma; pyoexu tr BpeMfl aepoxTlro BcrpeqlI c rrpoTtrBEr{KOMtrJrtr r(aKrM 4eCrnrau 6blrl rorosbM; Mecra a BpeM.flnpnBaJIOB' a rar(}Kg rdecra' BpeMfi E lropflAoK [oaaupaBX[ TexsuKtr, trptre]ta
JtrrqHrMcocraBoM rrn{tr u trotronEeEtrff SalracoB MareptranbH}ilx cpe,qcrB,
pacxoyeMhrx B xoAe Mapma; oqeEEBer MApmeBeBOsMorr(EoCTtr
mrarErx u nprAarrEbrx troApaBenenil; onpeAeJrser AotrycrEMbre cxopocrE
ABIDffEEII.flIIO YqACTKAMMAP]IPYTA E PACCqIITEIBAET
EPEMfl ABIDfiEIIUff
tro xa?r{AoMytrB Hnx; orleErrBael xapar(Tep MecrEocru n paone AEeBHOTO
(nounoro) orhrxa..(cocpe4orouenun), oupe4e.n.aer o6ru Eulnerrepnoro
ooopyAoBaHurr paEoEa E trpoEsBOAIrr Apyrre neo6xo4nur,re pacqeTbr,
a rar{ie ollpeeJrfler rropEAoK ua6lrcgennfl rr rroAAeprr(aErr.Ecr]ff3E B xOAe Mapma..
Vscnrs Ba4arry q oqentrB o6crauonxy, KoMaEAEp 6aranrosa (poru)
trptrrrtrMaer pertreHtre, B KoropoM otrpeerrfler: BaMbrcenqecrnu, aa4aqy uoApasAeJreHE.flM,CpeACrBaMycEneEtr.E rr opraErrsaqzro
naauuoge_
c?Btr.s u ytrpaBneEtr.fi.
B aaunrc.rre4ecrnu Ea Mapm onpeenfler: trocrpoe'rre troxoAroro
IlopflAr(a; cocraB, 3aatM u ylaneHue rroxoAEoro oxpaEeEtrfl; cKOpOCrb
ABUifieErr.E trO yqacTxaM Mapmpyr u AEcraEqEtr Mc)r(Ay troApa3,qe_
JretruqMu tr Mamr{HaMU; trOpfiAor( OTparr(eEEt yAapoB caMoJreToBtr Bep_
TOJIETOB
IIPOItrBIIEI(A, A B trPEBUAEHUtr
BCTJruJIEEtr.E
N 6O C trPOTEBEEr(oM' r(p0Mo roro, Eop,Egox gecraE roronno noxo4nofi aacraen (roJroBuoro goaopa), troaopabrx or,qe.nenu(raxxon) tr rJraBrrx cu.n, locrpoeutre 6oenoro tropEAKa E, BuF,MaEeBpa.
IloApaaAenern.q s 6orc 87

B doenou Irptrfiaae Ea Map KoMaEAtrp 6araaroua (poru) ynaarEaer: cae4euufl o uporunuur(e; sa4arry 6aranrosa (porrr); Mapmpyr
ABulKeHEff unu rratrpBnenue Eectuu daramosa B trepe[oBoM orpflAe;
Mecro B rroxo4noM rropfl[Ke troJrr(a (6aranmua); paon cocpeloroqenus
uln py6ex, BpeMfl upu6nrun (muo4a) B EaBIrqeEnHpaon uJrrr H
5rnaaannrr py6ex u K KaKUM gectnnxu 6urr rotostlu; ucxoqnn
IryEKl, tryflr{Tr peryntrpoBaEu.E tr BpeMfi Ex npoxoxr[eEtrff, Mecra tr
BpeMff rrpEBAnoB;AaAarrEcocee; 8aMrcenEa Mapm; BaAatu iloApa3[eJlerrrrflM 6arannoua E tropag4eJlenurm yctrnelufl (uecm u uoxogso
noJronue tr gagasu, n BbrtroJrreEuro Roropux 6urr rgl6s*lM); Mecra tr
nopsAoK osBtrpaBKE TexsEnE ropx)rrEM B xo4e Mapma, B trpeABaAeutrtr BcrytrJrexus B 6o, xpoue roro, pacxo4 6oeupuuacoo tr foprrqero Ea
BhrrroJrneHue6oeno aagrrtr; Bpeus roronrocrn K Mapty; uoprr4or( H6nro4errux E cBnau B xoAe uapma, uecro KoMat[no-na6.nnAarnbuoro
trJrEXTa B ftOJIOTEen aalrecrure;refi.
B yxaeaxrnx tro BcecroporlneMy o6ecneqesuro KoMaHAEpdata.nrona
(porru) ftpoue odtlsnux BonpocoB otrpe4elfier: uopffEor( trpeogoneutrfi
Barpax(Aeur u paapynrequfr sa Mpmpyre: o6reu u tropfiAor( EE?r(eEepnoro o6opy4oBauurr paoua EEeBEoro (nounoro) orqrxa (cocpe4ororenun); uepotrptr.ffrufl tro aaqure or Balr{urareJrr'Eoro opya(nfl; rropfiAon
noJlbaoBanufi upu6opauu Horrnoro Brrgerrufl (ocneqenur)
n MacxupoBntr, a ramrr(e uepu 6eaouacnocrrr pr troAepifiarufl Illrcrltrtrngglr
uapma.
flpu no4roroBr{e ft Mapmy trpotrBBotrrcfl trotroJruerrEe aatracos 6oetrprlfiacoB, ropKrrrero u Apyrux MaleptranbErx cpe[cTB Ao ycraEoBJreErtbrx EopM, ooyqecrBnsercfi Texaurlecfioe o6cnyxturanne Boopylr(eutrff,
6oeno n gpyro rexnEKE, gBar(yaqufl paneubrx u 6onrnux, a rKlfie
EAJIUmeClByrOqerOEMyqeCTBa U EeECtrpaBEOrOBo()pyil(eEtrfl U TeXHUT(U,
noropre Ee lroryr 6r,rrr orperrortsponauhr K naqny Mapma.
ltouang,up 6arasrona (porrr) opranr{Byer trponepr(y roroBuocru
troApaBAeneuu r Map[y tr ocyqecrBnqer Ko[rpoJrb Ba Bllxogou rro4pasgeaerufr paaoogr(f, rr oxpanerrrrfl.
floctpoeure RoJroEEbrrJraBrrbrx cun 6araarona (poru) co cpe4crBM )rcEnerrrrfl trpor.raBo4artn r pafrone pactronorrtenufl.
C nasaflon npooeex,waJ,rdpu pora (nano4), uaanayentrafi B roJroB*
EJilo troxo4uylo aacraBy, B ycrarroBJreuuoe Bpeua trpoxo4uT ucxoqnu
rryunr E ABuraercs tro rrapupyty 6aranboxa c ycranoBneuxo cnopocrbn. I[ouaugup poru (nsnora) cne4yer B roJroBe r(onox E cJre.qur
tro r(pre aa Mapupyr()M ABs?KeEus. Tecsrxr'tr, ToEEeJTEu Mocrbr ro.rroBEaff troxoAEaff aacraBa trpoxo,qtr 6egocrasosoruo. Paapymeupr,re yqacTr(u opor, Moclr, SaBaJrrEa MaprupyTe ABr|ir{eHEE E SaMnHUpOBAEEhIe yqacrxu pora (aano) o6xogut, o6oanasas ynaaxaMrr Mecra paspymeus (umupoaarrn)
u EatrpBnera.s o6xoa. O aarpax4enufix, aapaxterrubrx lrqacrr(ax, paapyuentrflx E EaIrpaBJIeEEffx ux o6xoga, a rafi,fie o Bcrpeqe c trporEBEuRoM r(oMaHEEp porn (uaro4a) orlarJBaet
BrcJraBueMy ero RoMaEAEpy.
88 rnasa rperss

f.rra.sure culrr 6aranbona trpoxoRr ncxo4rrr rryfixr ro,rouro xoJrorrul B ycrarroBneunoe BpeMff tr c BaArrHocrcopocrnro. KouaHgup
6aralnoua o6usuo cJre4yer B roJroBe NoJrourrtrtr,a KoMarrrrp porr BCerAa B fonoBe r(oJroIIEIpoTEr, cDepffeT Irc r(ApTe lfapmpyT Brr]KeHtrff,
GrrelJtrr aa gecrnuflME troxorHoro oxpaEelgnfr. n crporo rroAAeplr{trBaer
ycranoBneunrl uoprgon Maprtra.
flo4pasgeaeutrs Antrrrcrcfi ronbfto uo npanofr cropoue Aoporu, codnnAaq ycrarroBJrennrecxopocrr{ ABR}KeHuE,ucranqtrs Merfty nrrurrEaMu rI -Mepu 6esonaogocTtrABDfteHII.E,rcr{Jlmqaroque BaropI Ea Maprunpudopon rrosnor\o
iryre. Hovlxl MarrrrrunrABuramrcfi c r{etroJrbaoBEneu
yCrpnCrn rrJrrl c lroJrEocrbrc Bblx;rrruBEAeEES, CBeTOMAC,ftUpOBOqET-rx
treHErMcBeroM (npu6opauu Eoqrroro nugeunn).
Orpaxenue yAapoB Boal{ymnoro trporrrRnur{a Ea Mapme ocytr{ecrBn.flETC.E CI{NAMIT IIITATIIbIX

tr trPI{AAIIITbIX

SEITITTIIITIX IIOAPASAEJIEUU,

A TAIUfiE

orrreM Bbr4eJrenrrilx rurfl roro Morocrpenxorux (ranxonux) flo[pBgeaegn B ,qBull(elrr{EuJrtr c Koporxux ocrarroBon.
flo cnrgalaM otrouerqetru.Eo paAnoKTuBHoM,xrMuqecxou x daxreptronorEsecxon (dsoJroruvecxou) BpalKeHrrr 6arannon (pora) trpo,qorr,fiaer rtrrnenue. B 6oenrux Marunnax rrexorhr (6ponerpancnoprepar) u
laur{ax rrepe trpeogonentreM aon Bapax{eutr.EJrronrr, ,qBeptr, 6onuqr* u
tfianroatr BanphrBrcTcfi, BxJrtroqaercfl crrcrelrfa lrportBoTouno aaqlrTu, rruuu cocrB rrpu cneoBaxuu B rremeu tropn4r{e tr Ha orxprrbrx
ilrrunax HaeBaeruporuBorBu (pecuupampr).
Sonu c Blrcor(ruu ypoBurMrr pAffaUnrr, paoux paapymeun, noxapoB u garoulenu Ha Mapmpyre [Blr]Ker{trs 6araaron (pora), fiaH trpanN.no, o6xoglrr, trpfl HeBoaMo]nuocrr odxoAa aoubr Bapa(enug trpeo4oireBarorcfl c MaKcEMaJrsnO
cXOpOCTbIO
C nCIIOJT3OBEIIeM
CrlCTeMbr3amurr or opyxtu,q MaccoBoro uopax{errufi, urrercqecfl rra MartrtrHax. u
cpe4crB ru4unrgyanruo
BarEurbr. tlacrnsua.E ctrequaJrbHRr o6pa6orxa trpoBonrc.EtrocJre BirxoAa u3 BoH paAqoKTEBHOTO
AapaineErrfi,
a nps uptrMeEerrtrE rrpoTr{Barrr{oMorpaBrfi roqux DetrIecfB - rreMel(Jrer{no. floanas ctrequaJrbuan o6pa6orxa rrpoBor[rcs, xax trpaBnno, u pafrone eBuoro (novuoro) or4rna rrJrr{uo upr6uruu B Hauassau paoE.
flpu aauecestrE trpornnrur{ou .ffepnrrx E xrrurirsecxux ygapoB tro Rononne rnu n6.ilsau Mpmpyra ABtririeurr.sr{ouarrg}rp 6ara.uroaa (poru)
ttpr{uuMaer Meprt r( BoccrarronJlextrK} doecuocodnocril, JrtraBtrAaquu
rrocJregcrB r{ ygapor E trponoJr}fienuro ABr.r}fienrr.s.
B oryuae trpulreueuufi trporsBnurot BixtrrareJrbnoro opyffu.fl. a
rarofie rrpu BrEylneFrroM trpeooneusu pafiouon rroniapoB Jrroftrtr, 6ofi'Eurlr tr ,r{arroBrr rar{xon u doesux }rartrr,rrrrrexorr (6poxerpanctroprepon) aaxprrnanrc.fi. ltouangnp 6araaroHa (poru) 6rrcrpo BrrBoBr nonouxy ua paona flo]Rapa Btrepe trJru B HaBerpeEEyKr croponyr ocraEaB"Tr.rBaer
ee, oprafltrByer rymeuue oqaroB orlrff Ha Boop)';fierl{lr, 6oero u 4pyro rexurxe, ctrceure nalroro cocraBa E ofiaaarue euy trepro uepuquncxo trouorqtr, uocJre qero daraaxrn (pora) rrpoAoir]r{aer
BTDftEIIITE.

floApastreaegns

n 6oro 89

IIpu conepmesun Mapma c tecv B trpE AEsrrEEu e zopoe yganeEre troxoqnoro

B KoJIOEEeCORpAqaI(/rCfl.Ha Uepexpecroxpa.EeEu.gtr AucraEqEr{ Merft/Iy MaITIEEaMtr
rax, re BTpyAEeEoopEesrtrpoBrue, BrcTaDrsKrrcgxopomo BEAUMIeyKaBaTenE
snt opfa.E[3yeTcfl peryJrnpoBa.Etre ABtr}I(eEsfl.
B eopax oco6oe BEEMaETeygen.Eerc trpoBopxe trctrpaBnocrtr xogono sacr E
!{exaElrsMoB ytrpBneflEE }ramnE, E3yrleEtrroTpynFollpoxoAlrMbrx yqacTKoB MapEpyTa, otrpee.qeHaroropfiAfia trx ilpeooneEllfi Il opraEEsaqtrIl Ileryntrpo8ilrrE Ea $rEx
yrlacrfiax, Ha scex MarrrrrgaxAonlr{Hbl 6rurr aapauee rloAroroBireuu AotroJrgrTeJrlgrte
trptrorroco6neur{fi An ygeptfiaflrr Martrrru Ea ocra.EoBxax, Cropoctr ABnTKeEEEEa
rloA'beMax, cllycfix a Apyrtrx Tpy4ronpoxoAtrM6lx ycacTxax MotfieT yMeEbluTbc.fi,
a Aucraxr{trfi Menqy MamHaMnyBennstrBarctrcffAo rrpe4enos 6eaonacsoro Anntr(erlrs.
Ocraqonxn cJre/Iyer Aenarb r{ poBgr'rx yqacrnax 4opor, o6uwo B Mecrax, 6egouaoEbrx or RaMEerraAoBr{ cFe}KE6I-riJraBtrE. Henran ocraganJrqBTb Konorsy B pycnar
B[CoxmrrxpeR, Ea BoAocronax, Ea Kpylbrx noAbeMax E crrycRax, a raftD(e EaA o6prBOM ENU

trO EEM.

Itrepeeosnn socn ?,cettuoAopox.ttbrn,, .nopcnun Qte'ttt'utx) mpav,cBO3nopnxoil ocyqecTBn.EeTc.s oAHtrM-AByM.EBO[rrcK[ME SmeJIOrlAMU,

r(oMaHAautr,
TE]KeJIr'rY
HecxoJrbKtrMu
Ea
aBTpaHcrloploM
Aymrrb[M
rotroeaAax - oAuo KonoErro.
fina coxpaqeuufl Bpeuexrr Ea oprarruaaqurc uepeBogxlr rcoMarrEp
6aranrona oJrtr(enEMerb roroBre Bapuarrrbr pacqeroB Ha rrepeBosr(y
SaranroHa paaJrnrrrbrun Btr,qaMlrrpauclropra. Pacset Ha neperoar(y cocraBJrflercfl c yqeloM coxparreErrfi opraHr{aaquoHrro qenocrlrocrtr uopaaqeneuu f, odecllesellu rD( roToBrrocrl{ K BeerrEru6os uocne nuDpyBr(8.
fiux norpyaxu (uocagxn) na unarrbopurr, B BaroHI, H cy4a, B caMoJrerhr (aepro.retu ) 6atarron y yfi as BIorcflcrIrquff , uopr(upuc ta ur )
Exrr aepopou (uaoqaAxa) uorpyaxu (uoca4xu). ,{o uorpyanu (uocagrl)
troApaaAeneutrs EaxoArcfr, B paone ornrl{antrs, a trocJle Burpyar(E
Bbrxo4.flTr paon c6opa. Bpeur trpedblBaxua n paone olnul{r{trs Ecrronbayerc.E An.fl troAroroBr(tr x rrorpysfie (uocagxe) r uocneAyrc4tru
lecrBtr.flM.
flpn uepenosr(e )Keneano4opo)r(Huu (uopcxuu, peuunu) rpanctropTOM ftOMaHAUp6aranroEa, KaH lrpaBrrJlo, EaSllqaerc. EaqaJlbnuHou
BoHoxoro arrrenoua. Conuectso c BoelrrrbrMKoMeEAarrroMXenearrogopox(rroro (nognoro) yqacrra r{ crarrqru (uopra) oH yrorlu.fler pacqer Ha
rrepeBo:|Ky nrflrHoro cocraBa, BoopyifieHrrx, 6oenofr r gpyro rexlrllHtr,
EuyqecrBa tro4pa:r4eneuzuo BaroHaM, nearQopuau, cyAaM trnu cygoBrMtroMeqeuuflM, cocraB"'rffer unau trol'pyaxt (uoca4xn) uogpaa,qe.uenu, oupegeJrfier BpeMff EarIaJIatr oxoxrlanus ee, otrpeeJlffer lropflAor
BbrABrrx(eHnffrroApaaAeneutr K MecraM trorpysxr[ (uocagru)' upoBoAur pefiorocrlupoBr(y paoua o?ilEAanu"ff, craqquu (uopra, upucranra), MapmpyroB Bl'r/{8tr)fieur4n uoApBAenennfi I( EEM H rr Meorau
trorpysnn (uoca4xN) r,r craBr{T BAarrErrogpaseneurrflM.
Llpu ueperoaxe BoBAyIrrrIbrMTpanctroproM KoMarrAlrp Morocrpelrxosoro 6aramona (potr'r) conuecrno c r(oMalrAspoM rlacru (uogpaa4elenun) eoeuuo-rpaucrroptno (apuecxo) aBtrqutr EJItr RouarrArrpou orpx4a. (rpyuurr) rpa;xgancxo aBzaqutr yrorln.aer rrop.fi,qox uorpyann
90 raasa rperrs

(uocagru). uecra croflEori u 6opronrre HoMepa cauonroB (neprrxeroa);

cocrBJrfier pac,ser Ha rrepeBoaxy nu.lnoro cocraBa, Boopyrxeuu.r, 6oeno u lpyro Texnur(u, doeupmacoB, ropxxrero, Marepuanbrril(cpeAcrB
BepronerM, uJrarr trorpyaxu (nocapnn)
trolpaageJrenr no cMor-rprM1
u ctrrrcxtr KoMarrA na xarx4u caMorer (reproaer); oupee.rr.flerorrepe,qHocrb r[ tropfl,qox rrorpyaxu (nocagxu) E BbrxoarroAps4eneuu, npeun
EAIIAJIA

E OI(OIrIIAEtrfr

'AXi

TPOBOAET

PCftOT]IOCqTPOBKY

PAOUA

O}Ktr,qA-

Etr.fi,aap()tropta (uaoqagon), uapupyroB Bbr-xoAatropsenenr x uru

E ri MecraM cror{rxrr cauoJreloB (repto;reror), crarnr BaAaqurro4paaeJIEEIT,flM.

B upunaee Ha rrepeBoaft.yr(oMannp daralnona yraahrtseer: cBegeflufr o trporuBrrufie; Ba4aq]' 6ara.nroua, rroMep Borfrrcl(oro arrenoua (xouangu), rruuenonarrrie cyr{a (c,y4on), dopronrre HoMepacaMoJrerou
(reproneror), crarrqrrp (uopr, trpucrarrb, aapo4pou EnE uaoqa4xy)
trorpyanu (uocagxu), paou o?fiuartr.E tr Mapflrpyr]r B]rxoAa r ErrM; BpeMfl Earlana rr or(oErrarrufl trorpySKn; SaMErcenHa trepeBoSKy, pacnpeAeireurre [o4pa3i1eneur, ;rnuHoro cocrana, Eoopyffierrtrfl E TexEtrxE tro
BotrEcxr{u artreJrouaM(xorrlaugau), BarorraM, trrraropMau (cy4au,cy4oBbrMrroueqe.Etrsu, caMoJreraMann BeproJrerau), osepe4Hocrr, u tropn[ofi
rrorpyaxa rropaBAeneuuft, oprantrBar{Ero rrporrBoBoa4ymso o6opouu
(naanavennre elffypubre rropaaerrerru.a,rrop-sAox Ae]Kypcrts, ornp]rTna

II BeAeIIEfl

OIIttr

IIO RO3A]rIIIIIbIM

qeJl.fll',

I(OntrqeCT]BO,

C.OCTaB E MeC-

ra na6nxrlareJrbnrJx trocroB, IrocroB Bogyruuoro na6nro4euug nrx sa6.nrogate.'re); cocraB cyrotrnoro Eapr{Aa a trorpyaoaruo-Bhrrpysorrur-rr
fiouarrg; aaaqa iloApaaAenentr.flM; KoJrngcrBo BarorroB, u;rarfopu,
uoMepa caMoJreroB,BeproileroB, Kaxtr, naly6, rpIoMoB tr,qpyrux troMerqenlr, nouepa Borrncr(u:( xourrA trng paaueulennfi nrqlroro
cocraBa,
Boopylxelrtr.fl r,r rexurrr(rr, oqeper{ocrb tr nopr4or( trorpysxr (noca4xn),
Mecro n noxono xoJroHge 6ara.nrona (auelona) trpn Bf,rBnrr(errtrE EB
paorra oxtrrauu.ff r( MecrM trorpy:Jr(tr (noca4nu) tr tropror qecrnufi
trocne BrrpysKu; seH.ErEbrMuopaeenerrE.fllf - 3aarr4 tro rrpuHplrraf,l
B uyru cJreAoBaHEtru upu Dl,rrpJisfte, cocraB KoMaHA (uapa4a), ax aaArrrr tr BpeMff roToBEocTE r( BriltroJrnelltrIo, BpeM.s roToBEocTE ItBrABtr?rientrK) ua pafiona orfiE4ar{tr.a u foroB}rocTrr r( trorpyar(e; onr(Eocrurx
JrEq arflenoua, Mecro rax Haxo?fiAeutrff B ameirorre (ua cy4ne) rurr EoMep
caMoJrera (oepto,rera), B r(oropou oEtr cJreAyT, cnrrraJltlorloBeqerruf
tr ytrpaBneE.ff.
floc.re or4aqr trpur(aaa Ha nepelosr(y ffMarrup dararuoua (navanrEtrx BorrHcr(oro rrreJrorra)Aaer yr(a3aHtrfi o trop.EnrcetroroToBKrl troDu;nuoro cocBa An.E rrorpysffu arneJrona, o cuoco6ax pasMeqeutfl n
nperrnentr.E Boop)nt{eutrfi rr rexEnn H no4Bnx<rrou cocraBe (cy4re),
o6 opraursaquu oxpaxlr B rtreJloue trnE Ha cygrre (yrouaaer c,ocraB
cyroquoro Ep.sAa.BpMrr n tropflAon ero cueanl, Mecra trocroB, o6ssaulrocrtr qacoBr.rr E tropr{Aoa cBr{BE c nuur), o Mepax 6egouacgocrt lrptr
trorpysxe (anrpyaxe) r B ro4e trepeBoar(a, o uop.EAXe4ecrru rro ctrrEanaM otroBeqeHEfl E )"npBneEtr.E,a TaRfie AaeT yftaaaElt.E tro oprIlutaqtrE 6oeroxr, I'exuwrr:cr(oro u rrilJroBoro odecneqeuufi, Baqrilru or BaIloqpa3Aeneuils

r 6oro 9l

,RrrraroJrbroro opylnnfi , rrportrBotrorfiapuo oxparrlr (anapnno-cnacaTeJrbnf,rxpa6or).r [o.rr[rtrrrecno padorbr Fa rropuo trepeBor(u.

BHgnnrenue us paoxa o)fttrAauufi ocyqecrBJrs.ercfi. B trop4grte tr B
cpoxu, yclarroBJlerrrrre r(oMaHAEItoM troJIKa.
Iloepyarca soopyxewr,fl.t rnetH,tr,ttL
u nocana uv&oeo cocrnaaa,trIrcEBBEqrc.s B crporo yrtaaarnoe BpeMfi, cnprrrro, c codnrogenueu uep 6eaotrcuocrr u rrpeltorBpaqeuuff rronoMon Boopyxentrx, 6oeao TexEEKrr
tr rpaHcrropTrr[rx cpecrB.
B uepuyro oqepeb rpyascff Boopyrftor{Ee, 6oeB&s n Apyraff rexxtrH, aatraJrbtr
6oerrpnuacor, roproqero tr ,qpyrnx MarepllanHbrx cpe4cru.
flpu arortr Doopy)ilentre, doenar n Apyfan rexHEKa paaueqarorcn c yrreTOld OIIEPEAHOCTU I{X BbITPYAKtr,

A 3EIIETHf,IE

CPCACTBA -

Bcrpernufi6ol

C YqETOM BO3-

Mornuocrn Berruff ornff tro BoagymrrflM r{entu. fhanaroqan rexnur(g

u BeHtrTHbrecpe4crBa, Br'r/Ieneunbre[nff trpnxptr[TFfi paona trorpysrlu,
e raxlne rffraqu, upegnassaqenuhre 4rr odecuerreus 6ucrpofr'uorpyattu (nnrpyanu) ryceuusro rexnaxrr, {pyanrcn na nnarifopuu (cypa) n
toc,'IerrroK) oqepeAb.
Boopyxenue, 6oerar rr Apyrafi Texnrrxa! Marepnanr,Ebre cpe4crBa,
trorpylxerrurr H uognrxno cocraR (na cyga, B caMoJrerr,ueproteru)o
Hae}I(Ho3aapetrJlflIoTc.E,a Marrrr4Hb[,
KpoMc TOfo, cTaBTcffHa TopMoEatr
Hrrmyrc fiepeasy. flonoporurre Mexanrnauu 6amen 6oenux Mamnx BacrotropxBarorc, crotropru uaoudnpyrorcfl .
Sanacrr dcleupuuacon u roproqero, Kr{ trpaBuno, rpyaflTcr B paarrble Broubr (xa paanue cyga, B paanrJg caMoJrerrr, neptoreru).
floca4na Jru.rnoro cocraBa B Baroxr (na cy4a, B caMolrerf,r, Beproaerrl) rrpouaBo4nTcfl.rro oxorrlrarrun trorpysxa Boopyrr(enrla, 6oero [
gpyro Texaur(tr, a raroKe amyrqecrBa, o6r,rvuo HetrocpegcrneflHo trepeg
ornparxo BonEcxoro alrrsrrona (rouangu) ffJIn Btrxoa cyAHa B Mope,
rlo He IIoBAHeeqeM $a 10 unx o orrlpaBJrerrr{f;.
Ilorpyana rexnur{r{, rpyaon tr rrocAxa Jrr{qroro cocraBa B caMoJreru (aeproaeru) oc yqecrBJr.srorcf; rro yfi Bannro rioMarrAupaaonaquonuofi
rrcrn (uo4par4eleunn).
Vnpaenerute s sotntcral.n ililelrov,e (na cy4ne) ocyqeerBnrrerc.* c ucrroJrBorantreu'uponognnrx cpe.ncrB cBfi ar[, nurrnhtr{ odqennen, cBfi gnbrffff, a raxllie oneroBhrxr{ r{ g}yr{oBlrMtr curnaJrauu. Houau4up 6araarora (potH) co mradorc (rava.'rrrruxo!{ Bounrxoro amerona) upn uupeuoeKe rl{eJleaHoAoporr(Rr,rM
TpaEctropToM pa3MeqaeTcs, fiaK trpaBuJro, B
cpp.qfirre ameJrora, uuex rereQouuyxr cBffBb c HaqanbutrHou xapyna,
ua6.uru4are.rrbr{rulrtrocraullr Tarofte c Mrrruructonf retrJroBoaa (enexrpouoaa), upu uepenoare Mopcnrru (pe.runrrrl) TpHcnoprou - B o4no
uB r(aror r.trr B orAeJrbuou cyAoBoM trouetrIeutrrr. flp* trpeBoaxe qosyrrrbrMrpanctroprou fioMaugup 6araltona (poru) N tlra6 cneAyror B
eocTaBeBotrEcntrx KoMaIr,{.
B uyru crreoBanufl a galrrclrMocrtr or cJroxtrismec.s odcranonxs
6aranron (pora) ,qonffien 6rrm roros r( E[rpyBKe B HerrororonJrerrubrr
Mecrax, GrrAoBaEEroMaprueu r( Mecry rrasHarreEtrfi a o6xo,q Borr aapa(elru., pa.ouonpaap5rmensfr, norftapot r samureurr, BcrylJrentrro n 6o.
92 rrr""a.perrs

C upudnrreM B l(oueqnrrft uynxt nepeBoanrr datalron (pota) nurp)'rxertrr c ccrdlro4enneM lrlep 6oenoro o6ecuesenu.E E BlxoAET B
pafrou c6opa a roroBuocru It BrxoAy n paon cocpeAororrelrus IIJIU It
BbrtrJruegrrro6oeso arIE"

Bcrpevur,r 6o uoxet BoBIrr{KEyrr' uu*u4a Mapltr, rrptr pagBI{TEE

r{acryrilreus.ff, a rafi?fie upn [poBeleurrrr Konrparax B o6opoHe. B uacryrirenua ncrpevnra 6o daranr,ou (pora) Mo)fier Becrx c peaepBaMlt
ilporr.rBxsna, BbrABtrraroqtrMucff ra raydlrur r{,{u ue-aa tfnauroB A.n
rrpoael{errufl Kourparaxu trnE salrffxn o6oponu. B o6opone rctpeuun
6o uoxer Boarrrrxffyrb rrpu Dl'r4arr?r{enr{u6atanrona (potu) Bloporo
srfienoxa Jls trpoBe4enu.eHollTparar(lr trJrtrAJIfl Barrqrlls o6oponH Ha roM
EJru EHoMpy6exe upll ilpopbrBe trportrBlrtrna n rly6uuy.
Bcrpevnu 6n xapanreptrByerc.fi 6uctpHre cd.rruxenreu crolnr tr
Rcryrrneur{eM rdx B 6o c xogy, Htrpfl?r(eulro6opl6o 3a Brtrrpxrlr BpeIreHft, SaxBar E yAepHiaHuetrEItqI{alrIBI, peSKuME E qacrrMlr llSMefleHuflME odcrauosxu, paaBeprrnauueMecrnn Ha rtrupoftou Sponre u
qx cftoporequocrbro, EaraqaeM oI(pbrrrn( {.ranron u trpoMe)fiyrnoB' Aotrycnarorqux cno6ogy MaEeBpa.
Peuraroqee Buaqeurre B ocrlrlxer{Err paBlpoua uporlrBntrKa Bo
BcrperruoM6oro umeer yupe?r(Aeutreero B orHeBoM troparl(euulr n n qecrBr{ffx troApaagelenn. flo,qpaege.lenrq 6ara;roona AoJl}nrrf,r ynpe4flrb
trporuBrrrrta B slaxBare BblroAHbrxpy6exe s [epBb{MIr Haxecrtr Blresatrun y4ap BceMtr ctrJIauE tr cpe4crBaMtr, a Aocrtrrnyru ycrrexcBoeBpenerrHoEcroJrbSoBarbu paSBuBarb.
Baranrou Molr{er Becrlr acrpevnrr 6o cauoctoflTeJrblro' 4ecrnyx
B rrepeonoMorpflAe (ananrap,qe) Irnrr B cocraBe rJIaBHriIx ctrJr' a pora s roronuo (6onono) uoxogxo sacrare trJrE B cocraBe rJIaBrIr'E cEJI
daranrona. flepe;1ono orpflA go py6exa, roropu oH <ulrr{etr saxraTrrrb, ne{er ncrpe'rulr 6o ;rurur B rou cryqae, ecluo6oru nporlrBlrtrxa rreRoauorr(floJru ueqe;recoodpasuo.Anaurap4 Bo Bcex cnysa.ffx yntrsT0rffer rroxo,qEoe oxpaEerrae trporllDrrux, cf,ieJlo trpopbrBaelcff x efo
rJracrrbrMcuJraM, orHeu, Aepar(trMurr pomfiTeJlbnbrun gecrnurur H.aEocrrt rrM uopalxenlre Enu paaBeprrBaercfiEa BrJroAEou(4octuruyrou) py6erte, orrreM Bcex cpe4crB rr aHTrrBIrbrMu,qectnurun croBf,rBaertrpoTEBEufta ua rtrEponou {ponre r odecuesqsaet 6naroupuflrnble ycnoBl{ff
An.fl paaBeprraHqfi rr BcryrrJrenns r 6o TJIaBErxcrrJr.
Bo ncrpevnou 6oro 6atalrou, xaff rrpaBEJIo,Eanocur yap tro oAEoMy rr3 $nanron trporuBsl(xa. IIpu HeBoSnolnEocrEnpoBeAeEtrs MaEeBpa
(oxnara ogrroro ua {nanroa) uaxocurcs cunrur, nueaaunu y4ap c
Iloalras[eregng

s 6on 93

t
Ea Meorxocru,gocrynuo
4:ra
{poura. Haupaanentre ygapa nu6rpaetcr
gectnu rar{KoB n BMII (ETP).
saarla
Earanrony (pore) Bo Bcrperruou 6oro craltrrca dnnrafrmas
x ynBrnaercfl EarrpaBJrertre ga;rrnefimem EacrJrIrJreEE.E.
(potu), 4ecrnyroqero
B c,ocraBe
Ennxauraq aa.qaqa 6aralrona
rJraBrrrx cl[n, EaKnx)qaercfl B pa8lpoMe Ha cBoeM HarrltaBneEEu ocEoBtrporaBurrr(a, yrru.rr]tteuuu trJru gaH[x crrJr nporuno4eficrByloqero
xrare aprtrJrneplltr rr oBJIaAeHEu py6exou, o6ecueynnaroquu BE{r$AEeycJroBHtr An. yHrurolr(eEtr.E troxoAffqtrx pesepBoB tr pa3BtrTEtr EacTytrJrerrnfl.
crpotrrcs, rtaft trpaBuJlo, B
Boenoft rropflor( 6atamona (poru)
oAE aruenor{ c Br'rIeneuueu peaepna. Baralrou odrilmo 4ectnyer coauecrEo c trpEl{arrHbrMrr raEr(oBhrME troApaaerreEf,flME, aTaKa ocyqecrBJr.fierc.s, xafi lrpaBtrno, na 6oerr'rr rda[Euey uexorhr (6pouetpauctroprepax).
Houangup 6arannona (porrr), 4ectnyroqero B aBanrap4e (ronoruo
uoxogno aacrane) uJrE B c,oc?aBe rJraBrr[x c[Jr, NaR rrpaBuJro, tronyrraer na ncrpevurr 6o 6oesoe pacrroprfieuue. C uonlreuueu Ba,qaqnEa
rcrpeunry 6ofi xouaunp, BcecrotrX)rrEeoqerrtrR o6crauonry, otrpeAarrffer cftJrbr u cocraB Br-r/{Buraloqerocs trporlrBnur(a, nepontuu py6ent
ycnoBufl AJrfl MrreBpa,
Bcrpeqfi c HEM, HanpaBJre]rueero 4ectnd,
Blrrorrhrepy6exu Antr pailBeprllBarrufl, py6ex uepexoAa B araxy, ilapurpyrr r[ BpeMfl Bf,ryoa Ea E[x, EapaBJIerrEeEacryrrleuug 6ara.lrr'oga t
IX)r, sareM orrpeenner saMhrceJr E oTAaeT 6oeno trptrr(a3 troApa3eneEEffM.

C aansaro 6os rorosuo uoxo4xo aacraaofr rouautrp 6atalroua 6rrctpo orlextrBaer o6cranorry, trptrrrtrMaer pomene ua rctpeunrui
6ofr, craur
aa,qarrf, rropaBAeJrerr[fiu tr BbrnBuraerc.s x roroeno uoxo4uofi :|craBe. Ha ocnone peaynbraron 6o.r ronosno uoxo4no aactaBhI, Jlr[lrlrr.rr ua6.uro4enr 114rrpblx paBBeAKtroE Ea uecT'ocltr yTorrEfler cBoe pementre tr AoBonETyroqueunrre BaAarrr[Aoro4paaAeaenu, gaer
yfiBaEtrfl tro Bauuoecrnrro I ocEoBHf,[MBotrpocaMBcecropolruero
o6ecueseunr 6oa, a rafi?r(e flpuurrMaer Mephr r( Boctrperqennn o6xo,qa
trpornBrrnroM cBorx {nanron.
Bcrpevnu 6o 6aralr,oua, gecrayroqero B aBanrap,qe, EaqEEercfl 6oeu ro.ronsofr uoxo4no sacranbl c noApaaeJlenrrgux rroxoAHoro
oxpauentrfl rrporuBrruna. flpn Bcrpeqe c Meur'ItruMtr E paBrrrdMu tro cure
tro[pa3Aerrer{trflME rrpoTtrBEEr(a mJroBEafi troxo,qHafi EacTaBa pertrETeJrbErMtr4ecrnnnrru c xo4y ynrYTo?r(aer Ex tr trpo4oJrrfiaer BbrrroJrnffTb trooraBnerruyrl Bagarry, Bcrpernn upeBocxosqero tro crrne nportrBrr[Ka,
ona Bauuxaer BErroAEbrpy6ex; HalroctrT tropalmerrtre trporuBntrKy orEeM E O6ecue.runaer ycnoBufi Anfi pasBeprrBarru'I tr BcrylrJler{ns n 60fr.
6ara;rnona. JIrsnH cocraB rdorocrpenxoBrilx por nptr arou ctrerntrBaercs. C trepexoou B araxy rJraBEElx cun 6araflr'oua ronoBlrafi troxoEax
BacraBa Eacrytraer B yragalruou e uaupan.lreutrE.
Batamon, gecrnymqnfr r nepe4oBou orpflne, EaxBarEB yr(aaaurrsfr euy py6ex, yAeprr(EBaer ero Ao troAXoAa rJraBEr'rY cru. Ecau upo94

aJasa

1tq16r{

rtrBrrtrR lrupeguJr nepe4oro orpffI D BErxoAe E yxailaExu py6ext, netr T}rJr Ha.Eocur trope4ouo orpsg pBBeprr'rnaercfl, ygpou no {laur
parfienue trportrBl{Elty E oBJrageBaer I{aBrraqeHE}rM euy py6eiou.
B ycnonnnx, KorA uporuBrrr( ytrpeguJr 6araurou B pasBeprhrBantrE E trepexoe B EacrytrneEEe, ftoMaEup 6aralroua (potu) opraEuayeT orpa"meHEe ero yAapa qacTIo cfrJr c MecTa, a rnaBElrMuc;tran{fr.
EarrocET yAap Bo saanr E TbrJrEacTJmaloqero trpoTtrBEEKa.
flpn uour'rtxe trporzBlruxa uepern x odopoue ocrronnre ycrrJrtr.E
daranrona (potu) EaupaBnfirlrcff Ea to, utodtl rre Aotrycrurb oprutraoBrruoro saE.flrtr odopoxute.ubuoro pydexa, c xoAy BopBarbcrr Ha aasnlraeurr py6ex uru o6oftrs ero, y4apaMr ro Slanr tr rhrJr ynnlro}KETb rrpoTrrBErrr(a tr trpoAonlr{arb BbrrronEfiTb rrocTaBneHHyK) 3aAasy.
O6napyrrm orxo,q trporr{BrrtrKa, datanrox (pora) treuegneurro trepexoAur B pemtrTeJrbHoetrpecne/{oBaEtre.
flo4paagenenrrq rexntrrrecnoro odecneqenrff u rErJIa 6ata.nroua c
aassexo Bcrpeqnoro 6on paaneprIBalorcfl aa doenuuu uopngxauu 6alanboEa tro BoSMo)r(EocruB TEKoEeAocrytrnoM paone D roToBlroctr K
Eeme4nerruouy o6ecueveullo lrogpaa4eneuufr 6araltoua 6oenprnacaun,
E or(aaannlo rexlrtrqecfto u ue,ququncrofi troMoqtr.
mpnqru
Baramonuu ueAsqrscxq tryur(T Etryur(r rexutrqecnoro rradJrnAeEtrg trepeMerq,arorofl Ba rropaa4eJleurrffMrt 6aralrona B roroBnocrrr r(
trOMoqtr pAEeHIlM, ABAKyaquu,peMOHTyAaCrprnme U Br'rrneAOI(aAaHtrIO
mefr ss crlloff TxHERlt.
Kouan4up 6ara;rrona B xo4e Bcrperlfforo 6on uaxogurcg Ea r(ouanAno-na6JrroarenbrroM trynxre 3a poraMu trepBoro ameJlona u ytrpaBnner qefrcrBufi Mn troAqtrHexultlx KoporlttrMu 6oes uun paotrop fi)fi ntrfl Mu
rro pa{Eo.

n xr aH KoBbl x
Hacr ynnex tr em oT oGT per KoBH
n0[pa3[eneHHfi
Hacm,ynaeu,uer.art nu4 6on trpoBo4trrcs B qenflx psrpoua trpoTEBEEKa tr OBnaAeHUEBA,$HIMUpaOnaun (py6exauu, o6rentauu) uecrRocru.
Ouo Bar(rroqaercs B troparftenuril trporltnnur{a BceMu uMeloqtrMtrc.E
cpeqcrBaMtr, pertrtrremno arano, crpeutrTeJrIEIM trpoABfilr(entreM
SOfrCXn ury6UUy efg pagngng;Cegtrfi, B yHtrrITO)+teHtrIIE IIJISHSHIIE
rXUsO CIrJrbI, BaxBATe Opyfitgg, gOeHxOfr TSXHqI{E E IIaMeqeEH[ilX
paonor, py6emefr Mecrnocrr. Hacryuxeuue BeAercE c ilorsblu lratrpfirKgEtreM cuJI, IreilpepIBrro,AHoM tr Eovblo, n lro6yro troro4y' trpII TecuoApasgeJlestr ncex pogoB socx t crrequanbuoil Baaauoecrsrl
S51X soCx. IloApaaAOueurx 4ot56EI yMeno trCllonbgoBarb MeCrEocTb
IloIlaatrexerrrs

s oro 95

nff MarreBp B {r'rflx 6Ectporo BffxoA& na Snaxrr f, B rJr trportrBrrunyr Hanec.enurr pemureJrbnrx yapoBt pacqnenoxu.s ero 6oesoro
trop.EKau yEuqro(eEtrff rro qacTEM.
B sasuc[rdocrrr or o6craxosxu tr trocraBnonubrx aaAan EacrytrnEue r{o}fier Becrucb na o6opoxaloqetoc.E, Hacrytraroqero IrnE orxoEqeI'o trporlrBrruxa . I{a crytrneurre Ea rrac rytraroqero trportrBrrzxa ocyrr1ecrBJlrrerc.f, nyTeM Bclperluoro 6ofl, na orxoA.fftr{ero trporrBrrun - tryrM ero upecneAoBaHsff.
Hacryu.reuue E o6oponaroqeroc.EfiporrrBrrtrxa Mo]r(er ocyrqecrBntrTbcfr c xoy wru fr3 troJro{eHEfl EerlocpeAc?BeEHoroconplIxocrroBerrrrfl c HuM. ftpoue roro, ono Molr{erocytrIecrBJrfiTbcfllra Mecr nocro.rurro
Arrcitonr{tru (paonor c6opa).
Ec.nu nacrytrJreHue ocyrqecrBn.aercff c trpuMenenuelr o6r,rsnoro opy)nrrfi, Ir0aBJreExer{ ynl{sTorl(efitre rrpolEBrrnr(a AocTIIraeTc.syAapaME
aBuarlr{u, orHeM apTtrnneplla Il perutrTenr,ElMrn
4ecrnuxuu aTaKyK)rqux trogpaa4elenuft.
flpu nacrytrJreflrn c trpnuereutrerfi .sAepuoro opyrr{nff ycuJrtrr troApaagerena Aon)fiEhr 6nrru naupanJrerrbrHa MaxctrMaJrbxoe trctroJrbgoBaEEe peayJrbraroB flAepubrx yAapoa u ducrpoe BaBeprtrentre paarpoMa
rrporaBuur(a. B arux ycJroBrisx 4ecrnua trogpBAeJrennraoryrpaaBeprbrBarbcfl na 6oree IIIupoKoM {ponre, uo EtrpBneEtrAM c ocyq,ecTBJreIrEeModxogon E oxBaroB.
B aanucuuocrtr or trocraBJreEHoaa4auu daranron Morrier Eacryrrarb B cocraBe lrepBoro atrreJlolra, cocraBJl.flTb nropo gmeJIoE uJrE
o6qenocxono peaepr, 4eficrnorarb E xaqecrBe anHrapa, trepeAonoro, pefr4oDoro, mrypMoBoro, o6xogaqero orpffAa, Mopcxoro unl
B0sAyruHonoAecaEl, a ralfie BrrtroJrHflrbApyrtre aIaqE.
Morocrpelxolaff
tr rrrr{oBa.fl porrr Moryr Eacrytrarb B trepBou
amenone 6araarona, cocrBn.g.Tr'ero rropo. glrreJrouEntr peaepB, AecrBoBarb n rorosHo uoxoqHo sacraBe, o6xo4nqeu
E paaBebrBaTe.IIHOUOTp.flAaX,a Tar{ixe BrrroJrllflThApyrr,re SaAaqII,
Morocrpe.uronn (ranxonnr) BBBo Hacryrraer B cocraBe porf,r, a
B peaepBe 6ara.nroua, B rrrrypMoBofr rpyuue u doenou paaBeAf,rBarenbEoM Aoaope Molr(er gecrnonarb u caMocro.Ereirr,uo. Morocrpenxonrr
BBBoA,npouo roro, Molr{er;1ecrnonarb B rrepeoro rpyune or rafirtrqecfioro Bostrynrlloro AecaHTa.
MorocrperxoBrre trogpaa4eneuurr raHRoErx sacre B Hacrytrnenr{rr
rrpEarocff rarrr(oBrMrropa3AeneErrflM, a TaEftoBbre lloApasAeneHlts MoTocrpennoBnrx qacre - ilorocrpenr(oBIu rroApaaAenerrraM.
Morocrpe.uxoBa.fi pora, rrptrAarlnaff rHKoBoMy daranrouy, trptrAaerc raHKoB[Mporlfi. Tanxosas pora, trprrgarr]ias Morocrpenxonouy 6aTnbouy, 4ecmyer, fiar{ trpaBtrJro, B noJrHoMcocrBe, a npu HacrytrJIeHtra B ropoqe, B ropax, B necy u Ha yr{penaenxr,r paou Mo}fier
IIOBSBOAHO rrpEAABAlbCfi

MOTOCTpeJTT{OBbIM poTAM.

Munouersas
darapeR, rpauaroMernufi
E BeutrTrrrlft saso[ 6aTaJIbOrra, xax trpaBtrJIo, ocTaloTc.g B EetrocpeAclBerrEoMtroAgrlrreHtrE
xoMaFAEpa daraJrrosa r{ uctronbayxrrcff B troJrrrou cocrBe Anfl trog4ep96 r:ru"" rpetuo

xrn (upuxpuru.a) Hacrytratoqtrx troApaAeneHun HatrparJreur{u cocpeAorotrenux ycunrfr 6ara^nrona. lluorqa oHI[ noBsBoAxo (uo orllcnenua u) Mor yr rrprraBarbc.fiuo rocrpeJrnoBhru porau.
flporuroranxoail BBBoA 6araarosa o6nrsflo rrttronbayercfi n.g
6opr,6n c raHKaMr{ E Apyrrrutr 6pouuporaurrbrurr qeJrsMrr, o6ecueqeHrlfl BbrBrrlaeHufltr paBepT[BaEE.fl
poT lrepBoro arueJlorraAnfl alaHEr
tsBoAaB 6o poru BToporo DrueJrouan rrpnxpbtrua {.nanron daralrona,
a rar{(e orpa}Kenn xoHTparaft TxoB trpoTnBrrltfta.
(uporurorarrfi oBo-try.neueruu ) Bano po rlr rrpEMeHfl flyreuerurr
eTff, ftar( trpaBEJIo, B rroJrlroMcocTaBe rra HatrpaBneHus cocpeoToqerru-ff octroBuux ycnan.

tDponr HacryrrneHufl n 6oeRr're BaAaqu uo4trnaqerenu

(Dponm HacnLA
naeH,ur MorocrpeJrxoBrxlr raur{olr,rx no4paage;rennfi
BaBrroE or rrx ponrr B pertrerrrrn ga4aun u Mecra n 6oenou rtopnKo,
figsxrx BoBMot{tuocreft, cu.ntrrcorrporrrBneuu.fitrporntsnHHar rrptrMeureMrx cpegcrB rropa)fieulrrr x yc.TroBrruecuroctu.
flpu nacryunerrau c trprrMeuerrueM.fl[epfloro opyin rfi r{]ru fla c.ta6opaaBurylo r HeOcraroqno HacrnxqerrHyrcrrporlrBoraur{oBbr}ru cpAcTnauu o6opouy trporrrBrruxa {ponr uacryuneuu.ff MoTnor 6mrr 6o.ur,ure,
qeu npu Hacryrrnenr{ c rrpuMerrexrreM odn.ruoro opy?riurr.
C yverou coBAaHtr neodxo4rauor.otrpeBocxogcrBa B crlrax u cpeAcrBx HaA rrporr{BHtrxoM r{ otrrEMaJrbHrxHHTepBnoBMe}fiAy rropa3AeJrerrrflMtr (uarnunauu), a rarofie coaAarru.s 6.laroupuaruxx
yc.nonu
AJrff ocyqecruneur{.fl MarreBpa Morocrpenroauii (rauxotsHfi) BBBo,qHacrytraer ua poure qo 300 M, a MorocrpenxoBoe oreJrearreB rrerrreMrrops,qxe - ua Sponre 4o 510M, aMe.ff rrnrepBanhr MexrAy co.n4araura 68 u (8-t2 ruaron), ulrrepBaJrr MelfiAy 6oenr*vu ilaIuuuaMn - gu 100 u.
Illnpnna {poura HacryuJrenr{n dara;rloua (porn) 6yler BaBucerb
or doenoro cocrara, r(oiruqecrBa cpeAcrB ycrdJreulr.fi,uocrpoerrra 6oeBoro rroprHa q ycironu uecrnocrq.
Baranrouy rrepooro errreJroHayxaahrBrorcfl tuxataaa
Baav&,
noctegnu4an aaava u H,&npaerrenue)atttHe,ueeo ltacnt7naeH,ultrpore,
gaAaqa E Hatrpana Klfie 6ata.lr,ony BToporo grue.Irona- 6.:rrmafrnrarr
JIenEe,qartnernero lracrytrnele'rfl.
B,ruinaruarr gagaqa daranr,orra uepBoro gmenona rrpu rrcrytrirerrntr
ua odopounrcrqerocs trporrrBnuxa ganJ:troqaert.EB yuuqrolr{eurrll uporr{BHnHa n pafione o6oponrr 6aranrona treptsoro atrrenofia Ha cBoeM
Spoure Eacryrrirelru.E tr ornaenxu uepno troar{rdrie,rrocneyrcrqa saAarra - B paSBrrTrIIl ffaoTylllerlE.E, pas.fpoMe Bo BSarlrMogecrnuuc coceguui,rz 6ara"rr,onaull 6pura4uux (uonxorrux) peeepnon uportrBxrrr{a u
oBiraAerrnrr ux py6exou.
Haupanleune aJrHeruero Hacryrurerrr.rlr
orrpeAengeTtff c TaKUM pacqeloM, sto6hr odecuequsaJrocbBbrtro"Trrlerlr{e
nocne4yrorqe aaaqrl troJrr{a.
7

3anaa 1662

no4paaenegu.s s 6o10 97

porbl
uepBoro
(tanxorofr)
a,qaqa uoroctpelrono
Bnuxarimaq
BO saaUMOAeCrnUu
AmeJrOHa OdrrsHO EAKJIIOqaeTC.EB ynlltlTorfiegtrE
cc0ce[HI{MunoApasAeJIeHI,IflMIItrpoTEBEEfiaBolroplloMIIyHKTepoAaJlr'He1ero
TbI rrepg6r6 eIIIeJIoHa U OBJIAAeIIuII IIM. Haupannerrne
qTo6bl O6ectreqI'IBa.11C.E
Ea6TyrrJregr{fl OIIpeAeJIfleTCfi C TaI(I{M pACqeTOM'
paoua ofiOpourl $ara;rrona uepBoro
pasrpoM nporrrrtrrr{Ra B rny6une
AItrEJIOIIA.
ranxy)
B HaMorocrpe.nnoiloMy (tanrouor'ry) nanogy (or4enenurc'
HaIrpaBJIeHIIe
tr
aTaKIl
O6r,eXT
yRaBtIBaIOTCfl
AaJlHemero
CTyrrJreqr{rr
rracryrrJrenrrq. O6texrOM TaXII o6l'rsuo flBJIflIoTCfi nporEBHIlK B onotrax
COOpyXeIrErrx ouopEoro tryrJxTa' a
ifopru{uHarluoHlrl'Ix
rurE B Apyr[x
Tar(}fie oTAeJIbHO pacllono?I{eHllble Ha HatrpaBJIeHI{E EACTytrneHIIfi TaHKq' OpyAIIs' tryJIeMeTbI tr Apylue OIHCBI'Ie cpeACTBa trpoTIIBEIIfia'
IIpu npopuBe Sa6naroBpeMellr{o uoAroroBJler{Hoft ff paaRqroft B trIrX{eHeprIOM OTHOItreHtrtr OfiOpOnru qpoTIIBHIIKA, ygpetrneHgorg paOga u
uepBaAarra 6aralrona
BOAHOtrperpar,r 6nuxafruraq
{opcuponarnrr
BOI'O SIIIeJIOEA SANJIIOqaeTcg B yHLIIITO;IieHI{II IIpOTIIBTHI{Xa B OtrOpHIX
rryrr11Tax pOT trepBOrO SIIIe.nOHa lra cBOeM Sponre HaCryIIJIeIItrfl tr B OBJlaAerruu trMH, fIOcJIeAyIOqag saarla - B paBBIITIIII HacTyIIneIIEfi'pa36aTay1bOsMUB rnyrp6Me 11po]iBlIufta BO BBaI{M64eCTBtru C COCSIII{MI,I
Ha6-uue paona odoponur 6aranrona u oBJraAennrr trepBo iloar{que.
pagqeraXI{M
ConpeAeilfleTgfr.
HaCTytrJIeHIIfi
IrpaBnegqe AaJILHemeIO
TOM, rrTO6EI ofieCneq11BAJIOCbBbItrOJIHeIIne trOC;;eAylonqeu SaAATIII troJlfta. POTa ygr{qTgtfiaeT trpOTEBIIUKa B OtrOpHOMIIyHI1TO BBBOAa tr oBJIaeBaer I{M.
BaAaq 6ata,nr,oxa (poru) Broporo eilenona trptr BBoAe
E.ruxamas
er'o B 60 MOx{eT BaI(JIIOqaTLCaB SaBepLtreHIIq paorpoMa COBMeCTIIOC 6aTaJlborraMrr trepBoro aIIIeJIoEa AuBIIStroHHhIx trJIII 6pnrannnrx (nonrOnnx)
pesepBoB trporHBEuKa tr oBJraAeHnu ux pyfis?I{oM. HaupaBJreHrle AaJrr,Hemerg HaCTytriIeHI{g 6ata.nrOna (pOrU) BTOpOro SIIIeJIOHaSaftJIIor{aeTCfi B paBr{rI{II HacyIIJIeHtrfi B rJIy6IIHy o6oponhl IIpoTIIBHtrI{a B qeJIEx
BbIIIOJIIIEHI,Ifl trOCTABJICHHOBAAATI.
yxaahlBaercfl raKafi
(pole)
ttovbto daranrony
IIp"
IracryrlneHlru.
SaAaqa, rrro u B cgerJloe BpeME. ftpoue roro' daranbony
xte uo rly6uu
MO)fieT JIotOJIHuTeJIbHO 6blrb HaBHaqeH py6elri, I(OTOp6IM OE AOJIIKSII

cIIeIIrIrBaEIIff JIIIIHOTO cocTaBa trJItr B I]eIUeM troprlKe BCJIeA3a ?aHKaMR.

Amana Saxilroqaerefl B c?peMuTenbnoM u 6esocrauonorlHoM ,qBntfieg1ttr TaHROB6IX \r MorocrpeJrnoBblx rIoApaSAeneHI',I ts foeBoM
rropflAKe B coqeTaEtrrr c nrrTeHouBrrbrM orr{eM tr3 TarrKOB, 6Oea uo Mepe c6ruxtenus
Bsrx MarrruH trexorrrr (6pouerpanctroprepoB),
Bt{AoB opyx(rrs B qeJrfix yHI{sc rrporl{Blrur(oM - rr I{3 Apyrux
rolfi eHI{fl (paerpolrla)
98 Fnasa nperls

upollrB}lrrKa.

Amxa MorocrpeJrnoBrxtrogpasqeneutrfr Ha EMII (6TP)rpulrenqe'r'cfl Tof,{, KorAa odoporra trporEBHuKa EaIe)ItHo tropa'Itaercfi ffepIrbrM trJrE o6r,r.IuhrM opyll{EeM c yntrtlTox{eEtreM 6olr'me qacTlt ero
trpoTrrBoralrHoBrxcpeAcTB Ea yrlacTe trpopBaE, KaK trpaBuro, Ha
HArrpaBrerrrrr rJraBHoro yapa, a raKrr(e trpE EacrylrreHlrE Ea HeAocTaO6OpOHy.IIpU 9TOMTarrKU
TOqHOpaSBUTyrOB IrH?rieHepHOM
OTITOIUeHUU
aTaKyroT BcJre 3a paspbrBaMr{ cBoe apltrnJreptrt, a MoTocTpeIIKoBEre
no4paa4ener'lafl.- tra EMII (ETP) s 6oeaofr JrI{rrnE aa ralrr{aMn na ygaJIerrEE 100-200 u, BeAfl orol{b tr3 Bcex orrreBnllt cpeAcrB.
Arana MorocrpenftoB[rx tro,qpaageneHuD trerlreu tropfixe trpuuerrfierc.fl rrpu [popbrBe Sa6naroBpeMerrEotroAfoloBneHHo tr p3Bf,rofr B
uE)fieHepHoM o TfrorrreFun o6opoEE[ trpoTEBE uKa, yHpetrneEEbrxpafroEoB,
rrpE HeocTaTKecpecrB orrreBoro uopatr{eErlfl, a raK?r(eEa pesr{otrepecetreuuoft rr rpyqno,qoctyuno ,qnfl rarrxoB E EMn (TP) Mecruocltr.
Jlqrnnr cocraB IroApaseneHntrpE rou aranyer trpornBxur(a B qeuu
EetrocpecrBeHEo 3a doeBoi nuHEefi raEKoB Ha yAaneHnu, o6ectreq[BarcqeM rrx 6esonacHocrb or pasp[rBoB cl{apflAoB cBoefr aprEnnepuE tr
troepx(xy raEKoB orlreM crpeJrKoBofo opy{tr.s. EMII (RTP) e amu
Glyqae, uctronb3yff cxnaAKrr MecrEocrE, cKarlKautr or pyoe?I{ax py6u(-v
(or yxprrrufl K yr(plTtrro) 4efrcruyror s cBoEMf, lro4paaAenenriflME tra
yAaneEtrtr, o6ecneqnnaruqeM rra,qerltEyK)tronepxtKy orEe}f cBoero opyrHr(oBErx u Morocrpellr(oBbrx troAp3[eneHu, a
'r(rifi araKyroqrrx
rrHora u Eetrocpe,qcrBeErro B rletrtr cBoux tropaseneEff.
Ilocre cneltrfiBEuff Jrtrttgorro cocraBa u 6oerrx uartrtrEax rrexorf,r
(6poxetpancroprepax)
HaBo4rrnfts-oueparopw (nano4unxu
ocrarorcff
uyreueron), MexaIIIrNE-BoAEreJrtr(aoguteln) E BaMecrtrTetrEKoMaHEpoB B3BOAOB.
B rex cnyrraflx, RorAa Morocrpelrftonlre tro[paaelenuf, AefrcrByror
Ea aBloModu.Jrflx, agrouo6nau trocne cllelrrf,BaHEfl Jrrrqlloro cocraBa
tx r( cBOEil trOAoTBOAfiTCgB yKp[{TUg E pactrOnalarcTc.EtrolrcEo. BETSOB
pa3eneEtrsM oc yuecTB JtrfleTc
s. I(OMaE/ItrpaMtr pOT c paBpertreEf,fi NouaHAtrpa 6aranoEa uIE KoMaEAupoM 6ataatona.
Eoeno tropflnon 6ara:rrona (potH)

Boeno tropffAon 6aranrona B rracryrrJreuf,tr crponrc.tr B oslr f,ntr

BA AruenoEa, IrcTbr - B O,4EEAmelIOH.
IIpn ognoaureJrounol[ uocrpoentrtr doesom trop.ffnxa 6arannona rnAelrflercff peSepB B c,()craBeEe ueEee BSBoAa.
II ep ei, eueaon 6a ta.nr,osa upeAna Bnaqaercfl AJIfl ylrf,.Irorl{en Efl )I(trBo ctrnEI tr orEeBbrx cpecrB trportrBrluKa Bo BBBoAErrtr IrcTEhrn otropEbrx uysftrax E BruoJrEenE.fl6twxann'r|efr.aa,qa{E. on Aoarxen 6rrrn ran,xe ctroco6en pasBxBarr' EacryllnerrEe B rny6f,Ey. floarorry B cocraB
uepBoro amenona Brrloqaercfl 66arma.s qacrb ctrn tr cpeAcrB 6araanoEa - IIe MeEee AByx ycuneHEbrx por.
7.

Ilo4paaenenns s 6orc 99

pAnaEarraercff
Bmopo atae&otu daranroua (cuno Ao poru)
o6rrsso Anfl paaBtrTlrff yctrexa uepBoro gmeJrou&, pacrutrpensa yqaclfta rrpophrBa B croponhr Srauror trnE An.E orparfienus Konrparaxtr nporuBnrrr(a, a rrptr neo6xo4uuocrrl-Anfl. Bauenbr lroApaBAeneuu, notepxamx 6oecuoco6nocm.
Peeepa upe4naauasaercfr AnA pemeHE.EsaAall, BoBEEKaroqEx B xo6oenux
4ecrnufr. C nno4ou a 6o Broporo etrrenora (peaepna) on
4e
BHOBb cosAaercff 3a cqer rroApasAenenr uepnoro FenoHa. Bropoft
Drrrenou (peaepn) trpo4ntrragrcn Ba porautr trepBoro Drtrelloaa.
tr upsAauuhre rroApaaAeJlen[ff orteBhrx cpeAcrB ycureanfl.
Illrarnue
trepBoro SrueJroHau HaxoAffqnecs. B EetrocpecTBerlnoM rroAqEHerrlr[ l{oMaHAr{pa 6aralrona trpE Bhllronuenutr orueBr.rr SaAaq B BaBtrctMocrlil
or o6crasonru gecrnylor B 6oesblx tropflAftax.
Boeso ropflAorc rpaxaroMerrloro BaBoAa,gecrnyruqero Ea BMn
(BTP), - JruHus MarrrtrHc trrrrepBanou Mor{Ay nuuu 4o 50 u.
Boeno uopqAon trportrBoranr(oBo-tryneMernoro BBBoAa,qectnyroqero na BMil (BTP) u uoanou cocraBe, - 6oesas Jralnflfr.MnfltrE ctrETepBanaMuMe)I{AyMarrEEaMn ao 150 rtr.
Boero uopffor( rpauroMerrroro . (upotnnoranr(oBo-tryJIeuernoro)
BgBoAa, 4ecrnymqoro B trertreu rlopffAr{e B troJIEoM cocraBe, cocrouT
na 6oerux uop.ffAr(oBorAenerlrl c urrrepBanaMrr Me]r{Ay nurtru 4o 50 u.
Boeso uop.s4oft rparraroMernoro tr rrporlrBoranfioBoro or4eaenn,
4ecrnyrorqux B trerrreM nop.s4l(e, cocrotrr' tro pacqeroB, paaBepHyrb.
uo {poxry
c EnrepBanaMtr Me}r(y rpauarouerauu 10-20 M! Me}fiAy
ycrarroBfiaMr rrporEBoTarrxoBrirxytrpaBn.fleMrilxpar(er - Ee MeHee15 u,
z doenofr uamunr trexorbr (6ponetpaxcuoprepa).
(perexurrecr(oro uadnrr,qenrlff, peMoHTHo-aRaKyar{uo}rnaa
Ilyuxr
uontuar) rpytr[a 6aranroua, MeAEqHEcr(trnyunt 6ara.nrona tr tryHr(Tr
Texgrrlecxoro nadnroAerrrrfipor B xoAe EacrytrJrerrtrs nepeMeqarorcfl Ba
6oesbrlru [opflAr(aMtr por rrepBoro meJroua, a rryHr(r 6oenoro utrTantr.fi
6ararrona, aatrpaBoqrrf,rn npogoaoJrbcrBexrrlnfiuynrtru - aa BTopbrM
orrreJrorron(peaepnou) 6aranrona.
flpuqanxu
aprun.nepucxn 4unuauon u Mr.rHoMernadaraper
6ara.nrona BaEllMaK)T orrreBEre trosuqru Ba porMt trepBoro grugJIOHA.

Ilepel trepexoAoM nofrcx B Hacryunenu tr B xoAe ero Moryr rrauocnrbcff sAepu[re yAphr. Iepeg araxo MorocrpenxoBbrx E rarrxoBrx
rropBAerreuuuporo4urcfl orEeBa.E troAroroBxa arar(tr, a B xoe rracrytrneHuff - ofHeBff troAeprxRa aTr{tr tr orEeBoe cotrpoBotr{AeEEe
rracrytrnenn.fl troApaage.rens r r.uy6uue. IIps Hacrynnenrru c xoy
Ao HaqaJIa orneno tro4ro"oBxtr araxu Mo)r(er ttpoBo4lrrbc.E orneBoe
o 6ecueseure BrIIBtrlrerrrff .
B uepuo4 oaxeeo,noaomoenu &tnafiu antraqnfl tr aprunnepnfl [oaBJrffror E yHtrTrTofi(arcrcpeAorBa flAepHoro tr xtrMnqecxoro HatraeHE.ff
rrpoTuBrrufta, apTJInnepulo, trpoTIrBoTaEKoBHeu orfleBble cpeAcTBa,x(trByru ctrny B orropn,Ix tryHKTax ero o6oponu n BEe Ex, a rarofie
trynr(rr ytrpaRnerrufi n Apyrue o6rexrrr. Ornesas rrogroronr(a arar{E Ba100 1y1sss 'rps'r52

ftaHqtrBecfl c Br'rroAoMtropaseaesnftuepBoro ameJroEaEa py6ex

nepexoaB araKy.

Hacryu.renue 6aranrona (poru) na odoponnroqerocfi trportrBwxa

c xo,qy o6r,rsuoocyqecrBJrflercfr.fis ucto1noeopa,ona. On npegnaanaqaerc.EAnfl rroAroroBr{uu oprauuaarlu6on.

yKpI'[TIIfi.

BbrABsrftefltrn ua qcxo4uoro paona. Ero yaJrentreoJr]r(HoodecueqrBar6 Br,rrnrtrBaHEer{ trocrpoeune r(oJroHF6ara.urcxa co cpecrBMrrycnJlerrtrff R HqaJIol{Bu?fienn.s c sa4anro cfiopocrbro.
Py6exr paaBeprbrBaur{fl B por}rbre (oano4rrne) xoJrouur Hasnarraercff
Ea clorr HIrpBrrerrfr,.On 4oaxen 6urr nrre
Arfi Hsa,ranx BLrABrrlffeFHE
locfiraeMocrn 4eficrnnreJrbuoro orua (4anrnocrr.r npflMoro nrrcrpe.ua)
trpoTr{BoTaEr(oBLrxcpeAcTB trpoTEBHtrKa.
Py6ex trepexo4a B arar(y nn6upaercr KaK Mo)nuo 6ruxre H rrepe/IHeMy Kparc o6opourr.[porr{Brrrrxa, vro6nr BuABn}Kenue K neMy rarxoBbrx R
MorocrpeJrxoBbrxrroApaagelenu coBeprrraJrocb
crpnrrrro, a ygaJrerreero
o6ecnecnnaJroBeAeHtregecrnure.nbnoro orrrff uB ocrloBnrx RsAoBop)',rinff tr rroanongno rroApaal{enen[alc 6esocranoBoqr{o Ea uaxclrua.nruofi
cftopoc.rrr ocruqb trepeHero xpan o6opoubr trportrnntrfia B yraaarrHoe
BpeMff ((qD). On uorxer rraanaqarbcfi lra ygnennr4 Ao 600 u or rrepetrero ftpa.Eo6opour,r uportrBnr,rna, a RrrorAa u 6olee.
Py6ex ctremrrBantrfi Eaauaqaercrr nK lroxrrro 6ruxe fi ueperreMy
xparo o6oporr trportrBHuxa, o6rrvno B Mecrx! ynpbrrbrx or orufl ero
tryJreMeroBr,rnporuBoraxxoBhrx cpe4crR b.unxscro 6oa.

Ilo,qpaarerexsq

"

666 lOt

Ilo4rororxa

tracrytrrexf, f,

flogrororxa f,acryrrJreuf,r n 6ara.nrone (pore) Haqf,Haercf, c rronyqeH||ern 3a,qaqf, o1 craprueno r(oMarr.qnpa (naua;rrnuxa) n Bxnroqel. p.sA
uepotrptrErui (cu. pasg. rVupaBJreuxe rro4paaAeneunauz>).
llayrxn trporrBntrxa, KorilarEp otrpeAeJrflersan6onee otrcnEreqenu
f, xaxue crrJrrtr cpeAcrna Heo6xo4rauo trpnlJreqb Anfl Bx ynntrrozfierrtrfi,
trocneAoDaTeJrbrrocb yrrtrlrTo)r(el|nfl npoTtrBEtrr(a, ero orneDbrx cpeAcTB
B xoAe rracTyrrJrerrtr.s,ctrJrbEreIt cna6trIeMecTan ero o6opoue, qenecoo6paanu 6oeno ropflAor(, EatrpaBnerrue cocpeAoroqenu.s ocHoBrrx ycnru, noeuoxnrrfr xapaxrep Aecrsn u (poprr MarreBpa troApaaAeneun s xoge BhrnoJrrreunflsa,qaqll. ltpoue roro, oqerrilRar{ xapaxrep Mecrsocrn, qelecoo6paarro Eauernrb HnpaBJreutrecocpeAoroqerrn.flocrroBErx ycnnr[, paon nnrr tryur(Tbr, BaxBar Koroplx trpuBeAer r( peaxot[y
curnil{eutrro ycrovrnocrr o6oponrr trporEBEEKa, BogMo}r{lbre pydexn
aran eno trporunoraurtoBr,rr BeproneroB, py6exr pasBeprhrBaatr.sB pornrre (nano4nrre) xoaourrr, trepexoa B arar(y, aaAarry uogpas4e.neuu,
py6ex BBoAaB 6o nroporo arueJrona,Mecro HHII 6arailrona (poru) r
rratrpaBJreErreero uepeMeqeEtr, Mecl pacuono)IteHufl hrJroBhlxtroApa3ge.nenr, Mepoupnsrqff tro Macr(upoBr(e,aaqtrTe or opyrntrfi MaccoBoro
tropalnenr.rff, BarfiErareJrbroro opylr(E.E E Baarluuo trHx(enepnouy o6ectreselttrx).
Ha ocuone Blrno4oB EB yficuerrr.s BAarrrlu oqerrxtr o6cranosxu xoxanArrp 6ara;rrona (potu) trprrrtrMaer perueflrre, uocne or(na4a pertrentr.a
xo.rrfE4trpy troJrxa (6aralrona) tr AoBeerrus ero Ao HoMaHAtrpoB tropaa4e,rena trpoBogur pexoruocqllponr(y nff yrorrlrenu.fl peruentrg, orAaer
6oeno trptrr{aa, oprarrtrByer aaauuo4ecrBtre n Bcecropourreeo6ecne'resue 6os.
llepe4 BbreBAoMila percoavocquposnuorr BuarioMtrr yqacrutrKoB ctropffKoM ee upoBeAeH[rr, yKaSuBaeT MaprupyrDr uepeABnilrerrtrfl, tryHXTr
ocranoBon, pa6ovyro roqny,BpeMff pa6oru na nefr u orpa6arunaeuue borrpocu, cpecrBa tr trops4on ABrilr(entr.s, a raxx{e noupocuo6ectreqentr.s tr
MacKEpoBK.
rro Mapupyry pexor.nocqtrpoBnu, rpyflrra tra] raer ero
,(nurarcr
ocodennocru, ncxognrr rryur(r, py6exz
(nyuHtu) paaBeprbrBarrtr.E,
yrorrtr.fler uyrr o6xo4a, Mecra treperrpaB qepea BoAHrre trperpAtrr B cnyrrae paapymenr.fl MocroB qepea nux, nrrdnpaer rilecra pactronox{erra.ff
(paareprunaxua) Bcex gJreuegron 6oenoro rropflKa, a ranrfie yroqu.ael
H Mecrrrocrra Nrfi por (nanogon) py6exn trepexoAa B araxy tr ctretrrrrBaxnn. C Bbf,r(oAoun paon tropaa4eJrennx, o6opou.sronlerocs BtrepeAtr
B troJroce rracrytrneuus daranrona, rpyrma ycraxanaznaer cB.sab c ero
r(oMag,qupord, Koropfi oxaalrBaer noMotrl,b E E3yrreuratr trportrBgrirfia E
MECTIIOCTtr.

ltouangsp 6ara;rroua (poru) rpoBoAtrr oplenrspoBautre, yroqrrrer

rapaxrep o6oponH rrpollBrruxa B rratrpaBJrensr rracryrrner,nfl u na {rnanrax, pactronorffeEtre otropEf,ry lryHr(oB, orrreBr,ry tpeAcTB E SarpalxAe102 rrsss 1p.15t

xufi, Hauepraurre uepcAHero xpafl, a rarixie o6rexrrr (qeru), tropaxiaeMble cpeAcrBaMlr crapmux KoMaHArrpoB. IIp" aroM ugyrrarcrcfl troAcrytrhr H trepe4ueMy Kparo o6opouur uporunutrn rr Mecruocrb B natrpaBJregaupaB"{eHne cocpeAoTorleHr{flocrroBHEtr HAcTytrJrefrH.fl,yTOqHrrIOTCrr
rrhlx ycnJru, paaaeprlBarrrres 6oenofi nop.I{on, 6oesble Bq4arrr[ rroApaa4ereHr{.sM, orrpeAeJrnrorcs BoaMo}r{rrbreHatrpaBJrerrrrara py6ex gecrnu BeproJreroBtrporr{Br{r{Hauo Mepe upogBrrierrrlrr 6ararboua (poru)
n r;ry6uuy ero o6opouhr.
B peay.nrra?e pefi oruocrlrrpoBrirr fi or{arrAup 6aranrona (porr'r) BaBeprtraer trpuunrue (yrouuerure) penenr{a rra Hacrytrreulre, or4aer ycrurl
6oeno spr{Kaa rr. yxasanufl rro aaar{MoAecrBuro.
flpa nocm.avoaneaaAar r(oMarrgrdpdara.nloua n 6oenolr trpraxaae yr(aSLIBaeT:

- poTaM uepBoro srueJroHa,B ToM qrrcrre lIpnAanur)ft rannono (uorocrpeJrnoBo) pore, - cpeAcrBa ycuJreur4.a,6.nraiHauryroBaAarry r{ rlatrpatsJreutreAaJlr,HerrreroHacryrrJrenlrx, py6ex rrepexo4a B arar(y, Maprupyr BhrABrrHieHrLs,
BpeMrr BrrrxoAaua py6extu paaBeprrlrnaHrr.flBo BTJBoArrle NoJIoIIr{rn u trepexoAa B aTaKy, KTo [oMepr{rrrBaeT;
- HarrpaBnerrueu tropflAoK rrepeMerrleru4fl
- poTe BToporo ErrreJrorra
R xoAe lracryuireHr{.fl, BoBrrroinurrepy6exu BBoAan 6ofr, dlluraruyro aaAarry u HarrpaBJreHueAJrr,HerlreroHacTytrJreHI{.,cpeAcroa ycr,rJreH[rr
trpu BBoe n 6o; peaepBy - rranpaBJ:rerrue
rr tropson treperrerqeutrr{B
XOe IIACTyIIJIeHI,I.g,

SAAaqI{,

It BLUIOJIIIeIIqIO

KOIOphIX

HaAO

6Urr,

fOrO-

BbIM;

- trpuAalrnhrM rro/qpaaAeleur{sM prrrJrJrepurr r{ MtrrroMeruofi 6arapee - qenu Anrr ynrfrrro]Heuntr tr rrogaBJrenrr.gB rrep]ro orueno lroAroToBKrtrarai(q, c HaqaJroMarar(E rr Koro nogAepx{nBarr,, BaAaquno o6ecuetteurro BBoAa n 6oft nroporo DrueJrouarr orp)fieur{ro KorrrparK [porlrnHr{KA, Ofr{eRbrerfoatrqurr, MaprilpyT r{ rrt)prroKtsBrABtr}rieHrrfl,
BpeMfl roTorrrocTu K orr(plrrrrlo orrr.fl, rropnAox rrepelreqenrrtl n xo4e 6or;
- opyAtr.gMtr TaHftaM,IpIraTOMeTHOMy,
npOTflBOTaHKOBOT\ry
BSBOaM,
BrAeJreEHhrM
AJrr{crpenr6rr upauo nanolxo, - qeJru AJr.sflopa;{ier{nfl
B treptroA orneso tro4roroBxr,r arar(u u c Haqarou ararilr, orrrenrerroal{quu u BpeMfl yrx BalaflTafl.,rropflAon BhtAurrienurl rd AecrBrrfl noc.rre HhrtroJrr{eHl{ff SaAarIE;
- serruTHoMy BSBoAy- E KaKrrx HatrpBJleHrl.flxDeCTLTpasDeAKy
flpoTuBrrrrfiA u XaHrre troApa3enella.E trpur(pbrrb or yAapoB
BOSAymEOTO
t BOSAyXatrptr BhrBu]fierrI{,pasBepTrBaHl{tr,aTAXe trepeAHer0 Hpaff
o6oponu trporrlurrufia rr Hacrytrirc,Hur,ra rny6uue, Mecro B noJrouue trpu
Bbr4Bu?rterruu
u s doeroM tropf,Ke 6aranroua, tropflAon upeMeqeurrtr B
xo4e 6on, BpeMtr Ir crerrenn roroolrocrlil;
- rIpI{AaHrroMy H?rieHeprro-ca[epHoMyrropasAslerrr4rc- Mocra u
BpeMrrtrpo4eJruBarrrrffrrpoxo4oB B aarpaxgeHrdflx u ycrpocrBa trepe)ioAoB sepeB rrpetr.flTcrBufl rrepeA rreper{}rMKpaeM o6oponr,r uporrrlurrna,
HarrpaBfleuqe uepeMeqeurr.EB xoge 6or u flopflAon upo4eirbrBar{ufirrpoxoAoB B BarparfierrtrflxnporrrBrrrura u ruy6nne ero o6oponrr.
Ilogpaap,erenlrr

"

6e16 103

Ilocne uocraronr(u doesbrx aa4arl KouaEAEp darenrora (potrr) opao,Huauernaaaunoermaue. Baauuogecrnue opraxusyercE tro BaAerIaM,
pyGemau rr Bpeuerrtr. Haudoree tronno oPrannayercff Baauuogectnne
na rry6r.ruy 6.irnxameft Baga.ru 6aransoua.
flpn rr,rgnu]neHutr r[B trcxo,quoro paoua BnatraJre I(oMaHAup 6aranr,ora (poru) orAaer ynsalrtre Ira Bril4trtr{entre uoApaa,4e.ueuufi ua py6ext
trepexoa B araliy; ollpeAeJltrer tropff[OK BbIABII]KeEUf,raEI(oBLL{ tr tr{OrocrpeJrnoBhrx trogpagAerreuu; uocrpoeutre r(oJlorrflbl datanrona (porn);
Mecro rialrioro trollpa3eJrerrEfiB IIoxo[HoM trop.EAKe;pasBepThIBaHEeB
npe;16oenofr floprrAon; ropfrAor( Xofrcrnu ttplr .ffAepuou E xu]ruqecxoM
rranaAerrr{r{ trporsBrJsfia E Meprr 6egouacnocrr B onJrqae IrpEMeHeIrEE
trgepuoro opy)r{Hs EamrrMunocxauu; yfias[ilner cuoco6n 4ecrnu no4paa4e.neur rrpr trpeo4oneurtr trperfircrBs, aarpaxtgenuii, oco6exno
rrr{HrrrrrXuoneft, KoTopble Moryl orrrrcoagauhl trporEBrruKoM B lreprroA
BI'IItI{?XeIIu.fl,C[Jl}[ U CpeACTBa'BIAeJLEeMbIe
Anfl trpOI{eJIbIBAIrur{trpoxoAoB B aarpriAentrqx, Oco6oe BHIrMaIruey,qenflercfl 6opr6e c rruamoJrerstrIrrMn caMoJreraMr{u BeproJleraurr trportrBuuxa. ,{na sroro oupeAenrcrca Mecro crre[oaantrfl rroApaaAenenufrIIBO, trop.Eon BeAeHufl ornq
u3 crpeJrnoBoro opylnEIr, Mecr u cpeAcTBaIrocraHoBHE MacKtrpymnrnx
AbrMoBrx3aBec.
ItouangnpaM ogpaseresuii coo6rqaetcr py6erx, tro Aocrtr?r(enur(fi oToporo Haqnuaercfi orrrenaff troAroronxa arafiE. Sareu corJlacoBrllaruTcH yclr,rr,rfi troApaagenenufr npu Br'rtroJlueulrrt 6.nuxarue aa4aqu. VnaSbrBarorcg tropsAox trepexoqa trogpasAerreru s arany, Begelrl{ff ornfl rl
ilpoxor(Aeuurr qepeB 6oeur,reuop.e,qnn o6opoxamrquxcs tro;1paagereua,
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(naao4on). FIa yrpoxaeMoM atrpaBnensu trclronbayerc-EpeaepB 6aranrona. Illrargafl,
rrprrAagflafr u troAplrrsBalorqafi aprEnneplrf, yntrrlro)xaer SpslnBHtrKa cocpcAoloqeHrrM
orlteM.
tr BrpaAureJrrrblM
Otpaanr Konrparaxy trportrBlrtrI(, data.rrou (pota) cauocrofireJrbuo
trrtr Bo B3atrMoAecrBtru c cocelrlrMn troApaS,qeneHu.sMt peluurenluo
aTalto SaBepmaer epo )rgnq.1o;fiegue.
IIps orxoqe rrporuBuur(a Ko]rauIrp 6aranroua (porn) yroquflor BAa'IY 6oesoMy pBBeAHBarenbIroMyoaopy E Irptr neo6xognuocrll BbIcriIJTaeT ouo,'lHr{TeJlr,r{o rro,paaAenerrEg Anff BeAelrn.g paaBeAr(u, craBET
BaAtr rroApa3AeneHtrflMIr trpecneAoBanuo. O trepexoAe ft lrpecneAoBaEEIO oH Aor(nAbrBaercraprlleuy r(ouauAupy u coodqaer coceAsu.
Eatarmos (pora) \pn npecfleoeanuu Molrier qecrnooatr r 6oeaou,
upe46ogg6[ tnrr ItoxoAlroM rlop.fl,qxe, a rax?r(e B pasiluqgbrx costrauuflx
erl4x ocrpoenufr. llcuo.lrayx Bhroofiyro upoxoAlduocrb u MarreBpeHuble
BoSMorgsTrrtroApaaAeleuu, 6aralnor (pora) ygurlrotriaer uns o6xoAET IloApaaAenenug trprlnpblTffff' crpeMETeJIbIroooroHfler trporuBlrru(a
IIo lrapanireJrbHbrMMepmpyraM, BhrxoA Ir lryrtr ero orxoa E pemtrreflbEo araxo no {naur u rblJr Bo B3aMoectsuuc nopaaAeJreHrrsMu'
AecrgyrcqsMg c Apyrtrx HaIrpaBJIeun,ynuutox(aer ero tro sacrffM.
Ecru uaparrefibgos trpecJleAoBalruoHeBoauorr(uo, 6aranro
(pora)
K
IIPEKPbITT' trPOTtrBIII{XA'UPOPbTBAETCfl
YHUTITox(aeTIIoApSAEJIEEEff
elo rJrqss6lu cr(JraM,pemurenBuhlur gectruxuu EaEocHT trM uopalxeutre.
Bcrpelssmrroo"ff B lioAe rrpecJreAoBalrufi otroprr''re lrygrtrr u aacaAru6alaJIboR (pora), HK IrpaBIIJIo,o6xogut u ]rnurlToll{aer B Htrx IrporlrBaru(a
O

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llpu ycsemuou paaBtrrun rracryrrnegs.E tr npecnsoBanuu 6atanrox

B 3Bkcuuoclu or odcrontenrcrB uolr(er 6ntr raasaqeu B uepetono
uaz pe4onrr orpa4 An.EaaxBara Balnursy py6exe n o6rerron I r.ty6nEe, rrepelpaB qepea BoAFr'Ie Ilperp84r tr Ans BbrtroJrseHuffApyrux 3aa{.

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eorrpnKocHoBeH[fl e trpoTHBnr{ft0lu
Ha trpornBlruna uB IroJroinerlq-ff EetrocpeAcrBelrHoHacryurenne
ro coilprrKocrroDclrl{g c HI{M Mo}fier OcylqecrBJrfiTbcfftroApa3eneEEflME
B Bapanee cos4anrlorl 6oesol{ rropfl/Il(e tr3 troJroienun o6opoubl rrocJre
ueo6xo4lr,lro neperpynllupoBltl{ rIJIrr trocJle BbrABlr}fielrrlrua rny6untr u
Cyqnoctt eroro ctrocruexr,ro6opouxnrquxcs Btreperl rroApasAe"rrenu.
co6a aan.nrcqaercs B roru, tITo troApasAeJlegl{flaa6naronpeMeulro u cxprrHO sarrr4rlrarorucxogur,rfr paou 1{ uocJre uoquo ornesofi toAroToBKu tr
yapoB aBrraqllrl llepexoAqr B araKy.
Ilo4rororxa ucroruoeopaou,a rrpoBo4l{rc.s, HH rlpaBu;ro, o6oponanoficxault c yqeroM rrocrpoeHufl 6oeaoro tropflAl{a Anfl Hcryrrrorqr{Mrrc.s
JreHlrfi. B llcxogHou paorre o6opy4yrorc r.tcxotrbrelroatrI{uu Anfl MorotroSuqrrn Ans ranr(oBIx
crpeJrnonnx [opaaeJlenufr, uut]HuAareJlrrhre
otuenrle troal{rlut{ /(.rrs aprrl"rrJrepr[tr,coopyrxensfl An.E
rro4pasAeJreHra,
nyHlrroB ynpaB,rlelll{fl, Mapllpvrbl Bl'I,qBrrifieHilfl,xoAbr coo6qerur.
Bcro pa6ory uo opraH?IaIIrIn Hacryrrilentrfl KoManAr,Ip dara;rroaa
(poru) npoBollrrr rra MecrHocrl{ aHa,TorlIrIHoopraHtrSaqn HacryrrJrenufl
c xo[y.
Ltpoue BorrpocoB, pemaeMbrxupu opraul{sarltru rracr}'trneutrtr c xoy,
r{oMa}rr{pdara.nroua (poru) onpe.qeJlaer poraM (nanogau) ucxonnoenoJIOteII[Ie tr Ilop.flOl(eIO SaIIETBS' IIpOXOA]'IJ:IfltrpotryCKA TAEI(oBE [x
o6oBHaseHtre.
6aralloRa (porrr), 3Hfirl{e r{cxoAlroro paona rr cueBweuprceu,ue
flpol{sBo/lfiTcfi B Hoqnoe Bpel,Ifl EJrE B ycnoBr{flx or'Ha rro,qpaaAe;leraufr
pauuuenno Blr4nuocrrr c co6rlogeuueM Mep MacxrrpoBrtr. flpuqaunan
pora cKprTlrosaHrrMaersbDKrr/{&oaraJlboHy Ta}IHOBaE
MOTOCTpeJTKOBO{y
Tenbrryro IIo3I{IIurc.
Morocrpe.nxoBbre porr'I trepBoro aureJrora B r{cxoAlroM trono}Kenl{u
pacrroJrararorcx n o4no Tparrmee c trpuMhlxaroqnMrr n ne xoAauu coodqennrr. Pora ntoporo allreirolta (peaepra) pacnonaraertfl aa poraMn
rrepBoro oilreJroHan paftoue, o6ecuesusapqeM cnprruoe paaMe4enrre,
Ipauarouernu neno4 BaHEMaer orrreBbre troanql{E Ba poraM trep.
BOro DrrreJroHaHa yAaJreHrrtr4o 300 M, tryJleMernnr(upornBoraERoBorryneMerrrbrii) ranog - Ha o4Honf r.rs (branrou porbr, B o4no rpaumee c
MOTOClpeJrr(ORblMrl

B3BOAaMtr.

Sernrnr,r BBBoAaarruMaer orneBble troanqutr s 6oesblx uopfl[r(ax MotroApasAenenu Ea HarrpaBJIeEuI{,c Koroporo BoSl{orftEbr
TOCTpeJrKOBr,rx
yapH Bos,qyrtrHolo trporEBttuKa.
[Iporunoranxonlrfr EsBoA pacrroJraraerc.fiBa poraMn trepBoro amenoEa BMecre co BropbrM ?IrleJrouol{ (peaepnou) 6aralrona.
C eau.srueu ncxo4lroro rroJroxtelrrrffKoMaHAr'Ip6ara"tlroaa (potn) opraHtrayer aa6rrogenne, craBtrr aagarlrr porau (nanogau) tr orEeBhIMcpeAcrnaM ua c.rryuaftsoar4oxno araxu uporrlBnrrna, a rax)fie tro yxtrrlrorrteHEro ero caMoJleroB,BeproJleroB tr Apyrux Bea4yrulrblx qele, trpoBepfier
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uH'rI{eHepr{ouyo6opy4cBarrnro rrcxoAHoro pafiona, <l6paqan oco6e tsHutuaul{e Ha Trrlareirrrryro lracnrrponxy r BhlrroJrneor,re
Mepotrpu,arn uo aatr{I{Te OT opy}rir4,EMaCCoBcroflopair{eHr,rfl.
HacrynneHlrro 6ara;rr,oua (porrr) rpeArecrBy ror oeH,ela&no aomoena
u fiepuhre y/laphr, ec,rfi 6oeshre4eficrrun BeAyrcs c trprrMeueur,reM
.sAepIIOIO

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qr{cJre tr fioilIoAareirrr, Ba}rlrMaroryxpr'ITllfl, a trprr }IaxorfiAeHrru n 6oeBbIX tlratlDrlrax trexorhr (dponerpancuoprepax) n raHfiax BafiphrBaronronu, 6oftuuqbr, rria,lrro3lr,cuorpoBbre qeJrtrr otrTr{qecfiueupndopnr, paanopaqnBaror 6auRn B cropouy, rrporr{BorroJro]firryro BgprBy. Cucreuu
SaII{I4TI'I or opy}i(H.q MaccoBoro Doparfienrrr{ trpr4BoAsrcfi n 4ecrBIIE.

flocne .rrAepr{oroy[apa rurrHr.rcocraB rro fioMaue (curua.rry) RoMaHAItpoB poT Bl,r.rour r4g yr(pbrrufi u rasroranJrr{Baerc.sK araxe. Bo npeun
ollrego ro.qrorosxr{ opyrrn, r}brgeJrerrr{hre
AJr.Ecrpe.nr6rr trp.EMoHanoqxofr, a TaHHre
raHKn n uporrrBoraHKoRbre
cpecrBa,HaxoHcbr{a orHeBLIX IOSIIIII{flX,

yHI4qTOiIiaIOT

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UM I{eJIU B OIOpIITTIX [yHI{TaX

rrpoTuBunHA.
Tannouag pora, rrprlgarrnafl MorocrpeJrr{oBoMy6aranrouy, Haqunaer
Bbr,qtsuffieHHe
c Bbt?r{uare;rtHotrosr{r{Ittrn pydenty flepexoa B araffv Bo
rrpeMs orueno rroAroroBnrl tro ycranoB"TrexnoMycr{ruany (xor,aange),roropuii no4aercff c raxr{nf pacrreroM, sro6u o6ecuequrr BrxoAEa rrepeAnlrft Hpa odcponr,rflpornBrrr{Ha B ycrauoBJrenHoeBpeM.E{<9>o4uorpelrenl1o c Morocrpe.nnoBrMrr
ro4paaeJrer{r{flMu.flo uepe rro4xoqa n py6emy
lepexoa B araxy TaHr(oBarrpoTa trocJreoBaTeJrr,rro
pa3BepTbrBaeTcflBo
BBBoqIrbIeKoirorrnr,a Barers 6oesofr nopflAon rr Ha Mar(cuualrno criopocTrlt, AoycHaeMofi yc.rronunuu rrecTlrocTtr, trepexouT B aTar{y, yHr,rsT0lf{aa [poTrrBHrrHa orEeM c xoy.
flpn arn.anerra 6oerux rrarrruuax nexorbr (dponerpancnoprepax) uolocTpe.rrKotsble.uoApaAAeJreHlrrr
IIOCAXyrr{rrHorO COCTaBa
OcyqeorBJr.flroT
Bo BpeMorlreso rroAroroBr(rr aranr{, o6r,rqg.oAo troxoa rarrnoB n I{x
trcxoAnoMy troJlo)fieHrTroArr.fr rracTyflJreHrrfl.
Ecnu araHa rrpoBoglrrcfl B rreureMrrop.EAne,To Dpr{ trogxoqe ra}rxoB
K IICXOIIOrtry
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trphl por (nsoo4ot) tro4aror xoMaHAy: <flo4roronurbcfl r{ arane)), trocne rrpoxoxtAenr{fi Tar{KMrr ucxo4rroro troiroifieur{.a- <B araxy - BtrepeAD, uo Horopo .rruqnrr cocraB BrcxanuBaer ua rpanrue (oxouon)
tr BcrIeA 3a rHHaMrr araxyer rrporrrButrx. EMII (BTP) gecrryror conMecrlto c MorocrpeJrKoBErruur.r ranKoBrMrrtroApa3AeJreHrr.EMrr,
floInep,r(r{Ba.EIrX cBorrrilroIHeM. flplr anauureJluoM yAaJrerrutrtrepeArrero Hpafl
o6opourt nporrlrBur{I{a or ucxoHoro rroJloTfierrnrrMorocrpeJrnoBbreu uyJreMerlrhle(upourooralrr{oBo-rryJreMornne)troApaa4eJrenrlrlB Batsr4crrMocru
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ororr c nuc. <[.nnrranr. He paaBegaEbrMecra pacnonoxesns llTP.
C sa.raro{ tr B xoge Eacrylneslrfi cJrellyer oxrtgarb artrr{Bnux 4ecrnu anraquu n 6oeur,rxBeproJrerol c EnpaBJrearrnflro;1nnii, lec <.{,antulr1.
Br'rnoan:
1. trlcxo1a IrB Easeprauu rrepeArero npan o6opourr rrp-xa rr pacrroJro]r{eurrs
ero
orueBr,rx cpe4crB, ocrroBrbre ycfiilLlfr cocpeAoroqtrTb B EatrpaBJleurrlt Brrc. <ElungamEasr.
2. Han6oree oflacxbre qentr B EatrpaBnesur EacryrrJrerrrs BBBoIIa:IITVP, 6eBorl(arroe opy4l{e u rIyJIeMer,riorophre Bo BpeMfi otaenoil tro4roroBnrr araxlr neo6xoprrlonoatsnrorrer B3Bo;Ia,a BareMyuxrrrotrillrb pernrrelruo araxo.
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4. EMII orneM c uecra o6ecnerrrrb rtpeogoneur.re aarpatr<4eun, troeptRarr
rrepeEeroxpar o6oponbr rr yuurrrox(erue trp-xa Ea Brc.<B.nugaxaraxy BBBooM
Eafl), B trocneymrqeMrrpoABur]arbcx sa 6oenbrrurropr{omB roroexocrrr R ynusro,r{enuro BuoBL noB.rrgrcqr{xcfi qe.lre lr orpax(esnrc Rolrrparaxrr trp-fta c EatrpaBneErrfi Jrec <f[a.nrrnrr, op. 3.
5. Munno-naprBsreBarparr{euntrpeogoneBarbrro [poxo4y N 2 n cocraBe
BSBOa

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3A

rnqss 1pt.t

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PemeEEo E& EacryuneEtre

l, llcuonueyn peayJlraru orEE aprrJrnepzu tr usEousloB' oraeu BBBoAec oxoEorro trono)fieEntr tr arar(o E trefreM tropEAKe ao raaruogecrBtrE c l, 3 nca n
I rn yrnuroxnrb txuByrc cnny E orneBrecpegcrBa Ea Brc.<Blnnanrgaff, oaJragerb
ero, B AaJrbuefirrreuEacrylrarr, B EatrpaBJreunupoqa eBepeaonarl, .flroggrrfi. Eoeroft
rropffAor( - qoub.
2. Boegrre BaAasE orgenexrrffM otrpeenrrrb:
- l-uy orgenentrxl c Ecxognoro uonor(esafi (ucx.) xaprep, Rycrapuuri arar(oBarb
to seanlrogeficrBrru c ranxor[ N- 124, yErrrrotr(ETb 6eaorraruoe opyue, tryneuer s
IpyIItry trexoTrtrpaBee op. 2, E anbEeEreuEacr]rtrarE B ErrpaBneEEEoT. AepeDo,
polqa (Eepe3oBa.E);
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coBMeclso c raERoM J.li 123, yxnuroxurb tITyP, uyneuer tr rpymry rrxorr Ea rorr(8.
cnarax Bf,rc. (nr,trAarr(Eaflt, n anlrefrmeu Eacryrrar a EatpEJIeEEn op. 2, porqa
<Eepeooranr;
- 3-r"ry orgeneunro c trcxoJ[Fofo troJrorr(eruf, (ucr.) orpar, RaMErrarar{oBarr Bo
BBanItoEecrBEIrc raur{ou J,,li125, JrElttlTornsrb trporrtBorelr(oDoe py(e, tryneuer u
rpyufiy trexolbr tra 3arr. cr(arax nuc. rllpugopotr(EaFD, r anrxemeM Eacrytr& B
airpailennu poqa (Depeaosaqr. Jlenr{ $.narr aanoga o6ectresurb orEe}r rryneMera
u EMII.
MII orxeu c Mccra c orEeBrrx nosnqn fiapbep, xarxr rro44eprr{uBart arary
EBBoIIa. flepeMeqesnc rlaqrgaror c BblxoAou BBBoAaEa Brlc. <Ennrgarxuanr.
3. B xnqe orneno troAroroBr<u arann rro uoeii xouau4e BBBoAyornpwrb orot
no uepeFeuy palo, yEffrrTolr(aff x(IlByrc c[ny tr orEeBrecpeAcTBatrp-Ka.
qeflffM lrp-Ka Becrtr Ea xo4y E c r(oB xoge EacrytrneEl{.t oroEb rro BrflBJreEEHM
porr(Ex ocraEoBon caMocroETeJlbEoE no fioMaEAaMxoMa.EAlIpoB'yEEqrot$aE B lrep-

TaEKAMI{.

6. loroanrr BBBoAx crpear$e rro Errartorrorar4aMcaMoJreraMn 6oeBhruBeproneM Up-r(aCaou nopaseret,u&,2 ucs JrrrqtrrrucocraBoMn 6oenofr rexsunofr yxoutrner(ToBaE rroJrEocTr,w,70o,/oflIlrrEoro cocaBa nlreror 6oeno onnr. TexgnqecRoe cocroqEBe
EMII l-ro u 2-ro orge.nerlrft xopouree, EMII 3-ro or;1e.nerur rpedyer reryqero peMoETa. B qe.rrx rrogroroBrrr rc EacryrrJrentro reo6xo4nMo trpoBecrn rourpo.nr,rn
ocuorp ncex BM[I, An peMonra EMII B trouoqr, BoArrrJrro
3-ro or;1elennfi rprrBJreqr, BoAuTeiIa 2-ro ore;renna,
Baaog yaurroffaer nporrrBnr.r(a Ea uuc. r<Eaurgarr(Eaffrno raanuo;1ecrBunc
I ra, oro yBen[qlrBaer 6oenrre Boario]Krrocrr,lno ynlttrrot(eruro trp-fia B xoAe EacrytrJreuufi. oenpnnacor Bo BBBoAe- 0.7 6x, fCM - 0,7 aaupaann.
BHnotrr,r:
1. lloeno rropffAoftBBBoAaofipe1ennrb: B qerTpe - 2-e or4elexue, ctrpaaa -l-e otle;res.He, creaa - 3-e orue.nenue.
2, lioeupunacn u ICM rronoJrxrrrbx 22.00 9.6.
Coce?u. Cnpana R cJrenaEacaytranr BBBohrrarue *porx, o6rexrr ararrr coegecornagaror rro ray6une c o6rerrou arnlr BaBoAa.B nauparaenau EacrytrneEf,rr BBBo/Iagecrnyer I rn.
Burognr:
1 IIpU brlrronuerrn BaAatrEneo6xoglruo troAeprr(EBarr uau6onee recroe Baarrxo,qecrune c rExourlr BaBoAoMrr coceAou crrpaBa.
2. Ilpanrr {ranr o6ecneqnrb orxeM Mll, .resbr Saanr - orneu tryre}rera.
Mecmnocmu. B rcxo4rou florotr(errrr Anff Eacrytrnenr{fi - orttpuTaff. Bucorn
<,(ruurar:r, <<E;ruu4arxnart roctro4crByror EaA oxpy:nanuleii Mecrnocrbro rr Aaror
BoaMotnaocrb trp-fiy xoporo opraunaoBart ra6nro4erue n cnphrrb orneBbre cpecrBa or Busyanrroro ua6nrogerrin. flpe;qycrvarpnaaeuuftupoxo N! 2 a aarpaxgeurrnx
np-xa 6y4er cpaay ,r{e Barreqeuu 6yger pocrpenrBrr,ca. ftycrapnnn <Sererur R
Ea ro)r(8, cr(arax anrc, <B;rurgalrcnasD cnyx(fiT yl(pr,ITlre]r gnn xzno cnnrit rr orreBbrx
cpegcrB rrp-Ka rr troaBoJrsereny gefrcrnonarb BEeBarrEoB xoge Eartrero EacrytrneEltfl.
Busonhr:
l, flnurrtexne BEe rpaxmen tr xoAoB coo6qerufi Baupelar. Co6;rrcgam Macr(EpoBny B xoge pa6or AEeME Eotrbro.
2. o BBBoAaEa Brrc. <Elnrgaxtnasr BMII qeaecoo6paoxo troAAeprrtuBarbc
BaEIIMgMbrxnosrqn, c BbrxooMBBBoEaua rpe6eur, nrrc. <Erlrngarrsa-) paapemtrTb
rrpoABnrr(eurreEMII ruepeg.
3. /{.nr EaAe?KForoo6ecneqesns rfnauror, or(aBaERErrouoqtr cocegfiM u nogaBJreEEff BEOB6BrffBnegE6IXOrEeBrXCpeACTBB RyCTApEtrr(eEa nrrcE. CKaraX BhrO.
ll4

{EnnagatrcEaar, <SerenHrl na illarrax BBBoAaneo6xogaxo rrrerr lryJreMeru u EMII.

4. Har6onee Bepoflruoe EatrpaBneEtreAecrBtr cauoJleroB E BeproJreroBrrp-Ra
- pOIqA (Eepe3OEAflD,Brc. (6nEsAarI(EAfft.
EA MAJTHXBTTCOTAX
Bpeun cyror( - I{eEb, troroga peailbxaff E Ea BrlronueEueaagastr cJEecrBeE-

rqe araxoii BaBeprrrsrb ero lEnqrorr(enlre.

Boeso npERaB Ea EacrYtrJreEtre

1.

Opuexrnpu:

l- -

srilmfta, z-ft -

ftyprx,

3-ft -

paeraanru

goua, 4 -

vugoMerr nano.
2.2vrcp c I rB E MEEBc lrcxoguoro uonorr(Earrc yrpa 10.6 nepexoAnr B FacrytrJreREeB trertreMIIopAe c aagavefr yEErrrolr(ETb ]r{EByrc Crlny tr orEeBile cpeAcTBa
up-Ka B orropxou nyErtTe n paone arrc. <,{.nzunaq)t' nycrapnRx <<3e:resr'rft0,poqa
(BepeaoBar)t n oBna4eBaer py6erftoM Rycraprnr( <Tlte.trrrrr,paaBnnna Aopor' B AanseroeM Eacrytraer B EarrpaBJrelruEpoqa (EepesoBaE , Ilrogur,r.
8r

Ilopaalenensq g 6olo ll5

2 xcs - Eatrpaunsronp. C ucxopporo tro.rorr(ou[n (ucn.) fiapbep, aMsE arano r ueurerr tropAr{e no naarno4ecrButr c I rn yanrroxaer rrpxa Ea Brc. cEarnAalr(Hafi), B a;rrbEemeMsacTytraeT B E&trpaBneaun Bsc. rEtnsAaE(EasD, IloIa (
pe3oBaflD.
3. B uepnog orssnofr trogroroar(E araxtr trogaBnrnTcff orneo[re cpe4crDa E tntrBaff cnJra np-Ka sa Brc. (Arfllrgaf,), Bbrc. tEanrganmanr,
Cnpaaa I rrcr araxyer yxnsrontaer rrIFKa Ea BHc. (nugEagt, r ga;rruefimeu
Eacrynaer B EatrpaBnexun r(ycraptrnfi (lltenrt.
Caesa 3 McB araxyer E ynr{erorftaer np$a a paone r(ycrapnru( (3eneEri},
n 4anrxeureu Eacryrraer B Earrpalnexxr paaBsnftE Aopor.
2-e orge.ueuue - sapaun.firorqee. Atarofr B tremeu tropfl.qr(e Es ncxo[Eoro rroJroxenn r(ycrapEtrr{, (tcx.) onpar ynrrrrrrorxsrb IITyP r rpytrrry trexorbr sa K)tr{u.
crarax nuc. rEanxga?r(Eaff, B Aanbgemeu gacrytrarb B garrpaanetus poqa {EeIx}
3044.fiD.

l-uy or4e.ueunro ataxo B lrertrex tropsgxe trB trcxolsoro trororfiexs r(apbep,

(rcx.) xycrapxun 5rxusrox(urr 6eaorxaruoe opyAlre, uyneuer E rpyrury nexoru Ea
rornE. crtarar rHc, rEarmga)Kna.sr, B Aanbxeurex Eacryrrarr B EarrpaBJreEIrEpoqa
*Eepeaonanr.
3-uy orgelenuxl arar(oii B netrrerdtroprgxe tra Rcxopor troJror(e{E (ncr.) oapar, KaMEn y:EtrqrorrtuTPIITP, [yneuer E rplry rrexorr E rorr(8. cr{arr Br'rc,
nEauugaxrraat, a gaarreIrreM Eacryrrarb B EaflpaBJreEtrEporqa rEepeeonaar. JIearr rf.ranr BaBoAaodecueqtrr orxeu EMII.
CgalBepy Eacryrrab ctrpaBa or Megff, aecrr ua6nngesue _aauoaeu 6ot, srlsgJrrrrb qeJrn, uo uoe KoM&EAo caMocroffTenbro yntrrn\olxarb oiluqepon, Ea6nrogarere, cxauepoB, paclrern orueBrrx cpeflcrB.
Crpeary-canurapy ua6.rro4arb aa rrosBJrenueu paEenrr Ea rroJle 6or n goxaaIFrBaTb MEe, ONaEErBarbtrM nepByro"MeAsquEcr(yn troMoqb.
4. Iorosuocrb r( tracrynneEntr) -- 8.00 10.6.
5. fl raxoxycb
caa,qrr2-ro orgeaeutr, Baxec?Eronb - urrarurfi E KouaEAP
2-ro orgeaenur.
O p r a E t ra a q E

Bs a tru o Ae ficra E t

1. C ruxogorr raEKoB Ea py6ex ftapep, orA. narffiE o6oauaqarb Beraxl Mecra

poxooB TaEKoB rrepe3 uosaqEE oTgeneElrf,,
2. Araxy Earrarb rro ctrrxiury par(era Kpaclono orr.fl, tro paao - t555r rcaeg
qenflM gIFfia Becrn Ea xoAy caxooroflTeJraa raEKaMI{. Ororr uo BtroBr,BH-EBJIeH-Fru
so tr ro KoMaEaMKoruAEAEpoB,yEEqTorfiafl B trepByrc oqepeAb orEEBErecpeAcTBa'
aa,qeprrtrBarcr4tretrpogBnrr(eEtreBaBoAa. EMII npopnurrncfl co cBoEMEorAeJreEEExE, trcuonb3ytr cfin{xE MeclBocTE, cr(aqRSMEoT yr(plilEff K yr(pbrruKr' troAeprrcEBa orEeM aTar(y raEr(oB Il JltrqEoro cocraBa,
trp-xa trpeogoneBarr no rpoxoAy Js 2 scneg aa ranron J 123
3. Sarpaxgern
B rioJronse rro ABe. t-e a 3-e or4enelu upogoneBarr sarpalx,qesur actre4 na 2-u ol"
AeJIeEEeil.
4. flpeo4oaer aarpa{Aenas, BBBoA6Hcrpo paaEeprrBaerca B qetrb' BeA.florroE
Ea xogy, c rroAxogou Ea paccroEne 25-30 u aa6pacuaaer npxa rpaxarauu tr araxyer rpeguft npa ero o6epoau. Vxnqroxrs trIFr(a Ea uepeFex xpae, nano4 6e"
SocraBoBoqEo trpoon?RaelEclynneEe B EatrpaBneEntr poqa tEepeaoaanr'
5. Boagynrnxe qeJrE trp-fta ystrrrror(arg orseu MlI E garpAgrenbnril orgeu
BaBoa no rioei KoilauAe.
o6oporx aBBorroJlaanf,er orloll Bcr cpe,qcrB
Ouaru couportrEJrennff a rlyfrre
n araxo no if.uarr u rbrJr.
C or.la4enueu axc. tE;rrmganoarr 6rrm B roroBrocrz K orpatfteEuro KoETparanE trp-Ka c EarrpaBneutr nec (,q,anbxnr, paaaalmu. Otpaxieuue Konrparfxtr ocyrqccrBtrTb orner c Mecra c D[rroAEoro py6exa, aarex araroft ao Bl]auuo4ecrssq c
c,ceEruu aaBepmETb yEEqllolrtEf,e rrp-x.
6. Cnua;ru:
orroBeqeEsff - nocToEqr{e;
ytrpaBJreEEs:
116 raara rpczra

- paBBeprHDaEre a doeaym JrEEElo- <100r;

- trepe:(og B arary - t555r, paxera KpacEoro ornfl;
- ctretrgarne - tSeu;rgr;
- troca[fta na 6MII - paxere BeJIeEoro ornfi;
qeneyKasaErre - Tpaccupy(,qmlu trynsxtr tr cEapAMIrB ganpaBrestrE qenB.
'
6oeBoro o6ectrerreEfl
OpraEBBaqEn
B ncxogxox rroJro;reElt 4:rff EacrJrlrJternff B orgqtrennf,x oprrFuaoBar na6.nroeEr,reBa Ea?gvErME BoayrnErru trp-Kou. c aro qerx) EasEarrrr xa6,nrogateae.
B xoge EacrytrneEgff na6:rngeune Becrr! BcMy nErIEoDry oocraBy, AoxnaArrsan cl6
qensx cBonri xolrar;{Epau.
o6napyxeruux
Itorran4upau or.qeneun Aoxnagr{Barb xre EeueAJreEEotrpE o6rapyxernu uognooar{E tr upu lepexoe rrlFfta B r(oETparaKy, o6 ero orxoe, a lafixce o6 o6aapyxenElm cllecTBax EAepEoro, xElrtrlrecfioro sarraAeEEfl, orEeBltx rro3tr4Ef,x aprEnnepEE, MItEoMemB n EporlrBoragxonf,rx clleAcrB. .Iluwony cocrany 6rrrr s r<yft)arocru
gecrsonarr rrpr rrpnxexenutr rrp-Kor opyrrtnr xacooBoro troptnexnq. .[,lr amro
rrpoEepElb cpeclBa trEAnBf,[yanbEo aa"I[sftr tr EMers llr EaromBe. B ucroArou
rro.Jrorr(eEEE
Anfl rracTyrrneBHfl ,qo6pyAoBatb rrosEqEE, crpono co6:rro4ar ![ep[I rracKf,IloBRE.
Opraf, traeqEn yupaDreEEfi
ocrrof,tf, -- 21t50:
aarracnar - 22209.
llosirrrHe:
RoxaE/IEp 2ucp - cEepeaar;
KouaEAEp 2 wcs - rAxaqrn;
r(ouaEgrpn:
l-ro or4enerrr - tAra4rn-lr;
2-ro oreneEEff - tAxaqrr-2r;
3-m ore.nenna - eAraqun-3r.
uogsnso -- <Bypn.
{xpxyarpnr
.[o nepexoga B arary pa,qnocraEqrru pa6oraror roJrr(o Ea pseu.

Pa6oqan tracrora:

(Dopcrponanue

Bo[Eofi

Eperparr

Bo4nue trperpAhr r(afi ecrecrBerrErre upetrflTcrBtrfl AnE Eacrytraroqtrx

Bocft xapanrcptrByrorcfl rtrEpuxo, rny6nuo, cxopocrbro reqeEtrfi Bo,qI,
cBocrBaxz 6eperoa, AEa E r. g. 9rn ocoderuocrs ro4no uperpa4u
B KoMrrnexce c xapaxrepou o6opoHH a Ee oKas[ilBalor cyqecrDenHoe
BJTEfiEEeua {OpcupoBaEEe.
(Dopcupoeaw - sro rrpeogonenue c 6oeu ro4no trperpa4tr,
rrporEBorronoHiHrJ 6eper rompo o6oponae1\cs tporEBEEr(ou.
ffpn paarurnu EacrytrJrexld.E tr trpE trpecJreAorartrE Morocrpenr{onue
r(aK rrpaBtrJlo,
OCyqecTBJrflroT {opcuporau[e,
E TATTKOBETe
trO,qpAse.]IenEtr
c xoAy'. Ecnu SopctrpoBauue c xo4y Ee yanoc unr Kor4a ero BIar'rc ptsBeprbrBaBaercfl ycJroBtrffMtr odcraronnn, oHo ocyqecrBnfeTcfl
EEeM rnaBEbrx ctrJr y BoAHo Eperpabr rroc.re AoIroJIrIETeJrbHotroAroIOBKu B KopoTKtre cpoKu.
Eara,'rros (pora) {opcnpyet BoAEyro trperpaAy B cocraBe rJraBurx
cEJr Uirtr caMocrofiTenr,Eo, AecTByE B uepeAoBoM olptAe EnE aBaErapge (ro.nonno uoxo4ro BacraBe), BBBoA- B roJroBEoM trJrtr pasBeArBaTleJrbEoMAosope.
Ilopaaqeaenns r 6or" li?

NlorocrpennoBble noApaaAenextrfi Bonrle rperpaAr trpeoonegaror

na doesbrx MamEEx rrexorhr (6pouerparcuoppax), plraunar aprtrn- Ea ryceEtrnHbrx unaBaroqEx TpaHctropTepax, TaEnE * Ha rJA-"lepu
poMx, ndpoq Eiru uoA ao4o.
Eoeawe eaavu 6ara.nrouy na 1fopcupoBaufie craB.flrcff trptr opranugaqnrr rracrytrnentrfl u yroquflrcTcfr trps troxo,qe r( BoAHo nperpage
nopornuMrr 6oennur pacuopff?fienr.flMutro cpecrBaM cBffBE. flo caoeuy
lar(TtrqecxoMy coAep?fiaHErooHR orrpeAen.ErcTc.ffTaR Nte, xaft rr nptr Eacrytr"rrennrr. O6rrsno dara.rurouy (pore) JrfiaahrBarcrcs: Jruacron rfopcupoBanr.s r{ Mecra rrepe[paB, Bagaqu Ha trpornBotrono)r(EoM6epery (6nunocireAyrorqafi tr EarrpaBneutro ga;rruemero Eacryrrnonra),
xaiiruax,
ycuxcfitre uepetrpanorrn[rMrfi cpecrBautr, trcxoguuft py6ex, paou uocaAxr{ (uorpyaxr) Ea trepelpanoqxo-Aecarrnre cpecrna, paox repuorr{Bar{su raxr(oB, rropflAox BrrxoAa x aogno uperpaAe.
Earanrony, gecrnyroqeMy Bo Btopou aureJrorre,JntagrBarcrcfrtncxo4nu paon, Bpeu.f, u rropsgor( BrABuiKeEExx noAso nperpaAe E treperrpaBbr rrepea Hee, BoBMo)rtHbIega4arrtr Ea rrporuBotroJrorr(EoM 6epory.
Pore yrcaarrBarcrcff 6uruxamas Ba4arra tr EatrpaBneurilo AaJrbncfimero
Eacrytrneuu.E, BsBoAy (or4erreuuro) - o6xr.
flpeo4onenue no4uo
uperpa4ru 6y4er cocraBJr.Erb rracrb coAeprxanrfi 6nuxrafrmefi aa4asr 6aTa.rrborra rr polI.
Ocnosro aagauefr daranrona, 4ecrnyroqelo B trepeAoBou orpfle,
sDrfleTcfl.3axBTuepeupaB u BErroEoIoyqacTKa peftr, a B aBaHrapAe ynnqror(euse uporuBsrrfia Ha tro4crytrax x no4no trperpaAe, upu 6.narorrptr.nrrrhrx ycJrontr.fix - {opczponantre ee, o6ecueueuue BlilABrrrr(enu.fl
r rfopcnpouaurr.s rnaBrrhlx ctrn.
Eararrony 4nx {opcupoBantr.ff Eaauatraercs yqacrox, noroprr BXJIToqaer ocuoBnr,re rr Batracnbre rrepeupaBlr Anr por rrepBoro oureroua. IIa
yqacrxe fopcupoaaulr.s daraarora o6opy4yrorc.s AecauTnhreu traporrghre
treperrpaBhr, a rax]r(e Monyr o6opygonarc.s uepetrpaBlr rarfioB n6pog
trJru tro4 aogo (puc. 18 na nrn.). Pore u BBBoAyEaBuaqaroros Aecaurlrbre reperrpaBhr - oclroBEafl tr SarracEafi.
flpr oprauaaaqtru {opcrporauNx ao,quouperpa4hl c xo,qy xouarArrp
6ara.rrrona (porn) ,qoJrxen aa6aaronpeuerruo Ao troAxo4a ft per(e EucJrarb
pasBeAKy, trptrrr.ETb perlreEtre rro Kaple, uocraBulb aaAaqtr rroApasAeJloEEffM, ynaaarb trop.sAox saauMoecrBl{ff tr o6ecue.reaur.
llpr rfopcnpoBaxntr c paaBoprbrBautreM TJIaBHrxcun y no4ro uperpa4br KoMaEAtrp daranroua (porur) erqe o tron5rrrerrrfl BaAaqtr Aen?fieu
oprautrBoBarb paaBeAr(yu noAroroBxy x SopcnpoBaann. C uoa5rueuueu
6oeso BaAarrEoH ocyqecrBJrrer opranuaaqnro B ycranoo.rlelluolr rrop.r4xe B KopolREe cpoKu.
flo4pasgenenu. B]rxoAffr n Borro uperpage B xo4e paaBlnrtr tracrytrnenrrfi Ea Maxcr{Maarso cxopocrrr B roroBuoctu x SopcupoBauux)
es c xoAy. ftrogroronxa rexEnr(u u JrElIEoro cocratsa x {opczporaruro
rrpouaBogtrrc.E B xo4e BbrABElKerrRx.flogroronr(a ranr(oa Anfl rreperrpaBr
uo4 ao4o aaBepmaerca n paoxe repuersaaqutr.
118 lrasa

rperrq

Boeno uopsAon 4.nx {opcllpoBa}ru.E 6ara.nron o6usuo crporr B otrrr

peaepBa or yctrnenHoro
eluenog c Br-reneutreM odqeaocxonoro
BBBoAa Ao porbr, rrprr no.qxoAe K BoAHo uperpa4e Bhlcbrnaer 6oeso
paaBeAhrBare.nrumAoaop. Tanxr, trpu4arrlrble daranrony, ABurarorc.s
B roJloDe KoJroErrhr,a rurarrrafl r{ trpu,qalrHafl aprrrnnepu.s - 3a raEKauE
rrJru roJroBuo poro. lluxenepune troApaB,qeJIeEI{8,
Aecanrrro-treperpaBosrbre cpecrBa uB aantrMaeuux paouoB BbrABnralorcrl x uo4paa4eJreHrrffM, trepe[paBnrlroquucfl lrepBblu peficou.
Havaaon Sopcupoaanun (.qr>csrraercfi MoMerrr orBana or csoero 6epera uo[paa4eaeuu neproro ertreJrorra.O6xo4n trpoTnBIrI{Halr npu neo6xoAuMocru yurrqro)fiafi ero, oaranboll SaxBarblBaer MocrEr u Apyrue
EMeroq,trecntrepeupaBr,upeoAoneBaer BoArryp trperpay na BMII (BTP)
CpeACTBax'BOA.EOroHI' Ha trJIBy' tro trptrE trepeupaBOqIIo-AeCaHTIIbIx
6epery.
r(pbrreu ArMoBaraxyer nportrBnrlfia Ha lrporlrBolroJroTr(rroM
TanHosrre rrogpaaAeneul{.fl
, trpuannr'le 6atanbor{y, paaBeprbruarorcff
Ha EcxoArrou 6epery, orueM upauo uano4xo ynurlroxiarcT rIporEBEuKa
Ea rrpornBotroJrox(rroMdepery q o6ecnequnaror rfopcupoBanne c xo1y
MorocrpeJrKoBrx por (nanoqor).
Aprunrepu.ff E Apyrrre orrreBIecpeAcrBa c B]xoAoMn no4no rperpa[e SaEqMaX)TOIEOBI'IOtroAIIquU q flOpa?I(arcT trpOTtrBIIUKa' OKaSIBAroqero cuporun.ueHEer troAep)fiEBaffsopcuponanne u 6a. uopaBAenenu E rrporrBotroJrotlroM 6epery.
Seuurune cpencrBa paaBeprblBalorc.EEa ucxo4l{oM 6epery E ocyqecrBnrrror trptrr(pElTEeoT yapoB BosAymHoro uporEBErrKa.
r[ aerrrrrhre troApaa,qenenraso6uquo uepetrpaBJrsAprulrepucrue
roTctr IIa trnaBaroqtrx MaIIIuEax E cMoxoAEbrx uepetrpaBorlso-,qecarlTrrIx
cpeAcrBax c rar(rrM pacrreroM, qto6nr o6ecuequsanacb netrpephrBrrocr
(upuxpnrrux) nacryuaroqtrx uogpaa4enenu Ha trporlBouonogeprxrr
Jro?nnoM 6epery.
Taurn [epeupaBJrflrorcfi Ha rycenuqubrx caMoxoAHhlxrrapoMax EcneA
troApasAeJlelruflMrr.flepeupana ux troA nogo o6rrssa MorocrpeJrr(onrMr{
trOApasAeJreEUEO OCyqecrBJrfleroff trOCneOBJraAeEsflMOTOCTpeJIXOBbIME
pagBeAH BoAflME trportrBorroJro)nnbru 6eperou, a rafirr(e tqarontno
noi uperpagu. Ilpeo4oJreB BoAEyrouperpagy, TaEKoBbrenoApaageJleuuff,
Ee aaAeplrffiBaflcb, BbrxoAfll Ha QBorrllatrpaBJreHrr.Eu BrIro.JIHgrorlrocraBnellrreSaAarrE.
,fl,ecrnun noApaaAenesn daranroua rra uporlrBolronoxnou6epery
EocflT xapKTep o6nrsnoro Hacryunerrua. Araxyn Ea 6oeBblx MamtrHax
rrexorr (6pouerpancuoprepax) trJrtrB rremeM tropffAr(eBcneA Ba lallfiauu,
oApasAeneEEff yErrrrTorr(aror )r(trBylo cxJly n orlreBhle cpeAcrBa nporEBEtrfia B otropnhrx nyERTax E ycrpeMnflrorcff a r;ry6xny.
B xoge rfopcuponauu.E KoMaIrAtrp 6ara.nrona (porn) ytrpaBnffer tro4paaAeneHu.Euuc r(oMalr4uo-ua6.nronarenblrorotrynr(ra (I{HII), EaxoA.ffcb
Ea cDoe 6oeso MaltrtrEe. B6;ruau Eero HexoAErcfl KoMalrAtrphr trpuAaEEbrx E rrogepx(uBarcqux lrogpaaAenenu. Mecro g.nr ItHfI andupaetcr
raM, rAe cocpegororruBalorcff ocuonlrhlg cunu 6aranrona (pornr) u o6ecuerrBarorcff rranJl)nrrtrEe ycnoBrrfi cxpbrrqocru u ua6nrogenu.fl 3a lrpofio4paageaeuus n 6orc 119

TtrBEEr(oME opcnpoBanneu cloEx rro4pasgenenu, a taxlne EetrpeprlBEOe ytrpaBneEf,e.

_ Korra,n4np MorocrpenxoBoro (rannonoro) B:rBoAa yrrpaBn.ffer us cnoe
6oeno uam''*f,r(rauna, ETP), EaxoAflcb s 6oerou uopn4re nsno4a. Ha
rrporrrBouorro;xurr 6eper KHII 6araanona (porrr) trepetrpaBnflercs Ba
poTarflr trepBoro artreJroEa.
(Dopcupocaxue conux npcepa su.to lrofrer ocln4ecrllrrcff
tro EeAflrrru
rrepetrpalax. To;r I na rEAa Ao I x rxgepxxBaer
f,rr(eEtre r&rrKa r 4pyro 6oero rexunnr. Frr r()rqEHa rAa He rrogBoJrfier rnrnexofi TexE|Ifte llpeooneBarb
trperpaAy tro JrbAy, ee cEa{ara opcrpyror B trernerl tropfi[Ke xoTocrpeJrRoBf,re
troIra5AeneHf,fl, a rerErEa rlepetrpaBnffercf, Ea rrlx]rf,Borroromnrr
6eper uocae
ycf,[ernfl
rrelDerrpaBax, o6opygopax_
_nLAa rro rralx)vrr{tq AecaETEHL f, rocloanr
nru r xefiuar, a rarume tro xocrau.
B uepuo4 trtxrencf,rEofo re.qoxo[a BoAEHe Eperpa4rr trpeonof,eBax]Torr, Rax
rrpaBrno, tro aarnatreEunr
rocrar
r uepedpocnoft uopae4ereru
no Boslgrry.
Be4eme

Etery[letrf,r

r ooo6rrx

ycrorrrx

r o p o 4 e

Hacelennue tryur(rrr ropocftoro rrrra B KoporKf,e cpoxtr xoryr 6Hrn

rroAroronnerr.r upor[Bnf,r(ou Anfi o6oponu. rleu rp5rnnee f, BatKEee ropo, 6onbue Barnraerrrre [u trJroqa4E, Trgu 6olee rn-rr6oxoeueJronf,ponaunofi 6y4er o6opoua.
Bennsrna ropo4 otrpeAenflercrr rro KonEqecrBy EaceJrflxlqrx ero
)fitrTene. B coornerrrnur c artrrr paarnqarorrcfl uaJrbre ropo[a (go 20 tuc.
ven.), cpe4rrre (no 100 rHc.), 6ornrrne (4o 5O0 tlrc.) tr xpynnrre
(cnume 5O0 ruc.).
Ha re4esne 6oesHx gefrcrrn oxaa.rBarcTBJrf,flrr[e uecrrrocrb, Ea
noropo pacrronorr{en ropog, non{arypaqaa
(ropo4a MoiJir Euerb rrpfliloyfoJrbuyro Errtr BrrflEyryo, renTorrnyro Qopvy, crpotrTbcn B BBfie
Kpyra trnE nnurrca), crpyxrypar rrnaunpoBxa ropo4a. uocrpoxu, rro,qSeMEEreCOOpy)fieEEA,aa6eronupoBaEEre depera peft E r(asaJroB, [Mex)quecfl B ropo4e BooxpagnJruqa u r. A. B cB.ffBEc arEM rracrytrneaf,e
D ropo,qe sarpy4rrero, rpedyer 4po6.nerun rronpaa4eneuu u cuequa:rrsofi
Ex tro4roronnu. Kpoue roro, 6oenue qecrnur B ropo4e EMeK)r pr4 oco6ennocre, ocEoBErM[ ua r(oropbrx EBnrorcfi: TpyAEocTb opEeHTEpoBrrEr, EaJrtrqtre 3a![acx|[poBaEEErx orEeBEy cpeEcTB trpOTEBrrEr(atr uX
pactronolKeHtre 3a trporrErrrrE yKprTtrfftrE, rrJroxaf, BE/{EuocTb Bo Bpeug
6or (uoxtapbr, AbrM, rruJrb tr T- A.), cJrorr(Eocrb Baauuo[ecrBf,flr orpaEuqeuuocrb uaueBpa raEKoB n EMII (BTP) B BEy 6onrmoro KoJrsqecrBa BaBanoB, aarpaxt4eun, a raxrr(e BarpyAEeEFFre ycnoBsff rJrfl BeeEE,E OTIIfl.

Vcnosu.s BeAeEtrff 6oesux 4ecuu na trocrytrax K ropogy E B ropoAe B Brratrf,Tenrro crerrenn BJrErrcT na cnoco6H paarpoua rrporuBnsxa,
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paspextennocrb BoBAyxa E trontrlneutre arMoc{epnoro AaBnerrtr.Ec yBentrqellueM Bbrcorr rraA ypoBEeu Mopg.
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Hacryureutre B ropax tro4pao4enentrrr BeAyr rJraBEhrMo6paaou E,qoJrb
ocrytrrrux rratrpaBnenu, na unocftoropbflx, BAoJIb AontrH tr tronorn
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flpu ractyuJrerrutr qepea ropnbr xpe6er 6oenue 4eficrnux 6ygyr paaBEBalbCff BAOnb CxBosrrbrx Aopor qepes EepeBaJrbrHa rrportrBorronoffir{y0
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ao Snanr E Trrrir trportrBnnna sepes rpygnoocryrrHrlo yqacrxu uecrxonoApaaaenegrs g ooro 123

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cs rrocrpoesse [ 6oenoro uopsgra pot (nono4oa) ycryuou, yc]rnenneu
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c xoAy c BbrllBu)r(exueu EB ucxo4uoro paoxa tr a)fie c uapua.
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E rrJra, trps eroM oEo f,a odxogaqnx tro4paaAenes ii gorxno
6oeso trop8on ycryuou B cropoxy yrlxlx(aeuoro tfuaura.
Buco rrr c o.Eofipy txrlld pacrroJroxeuneu orn gBltx cpeg,cB amr( yrorc.E tro BoBMolKEocrE oAEoBpeMeEEoc paaur-rx nauparleru.
B xo4e EacrJrtrnentra, oco6enro upn BrrYoAe e ortuttg u fla, eopH,oe
rraanlol troApaa4eJreuu.sAorlnurr 6urr B trocrofiEnofi romsnocrtr rc orpa,IteEtrIO r(OETpaIAKE trIrcTtrBEf,fta.
flpu nacrynJresqr uo yaxofi ropuo AonEHe Garanrou (pora) D trepByro oqepeAb oBnaeBaer trpEJrerarcq,nrdE BrooTau[, c KoToprD( trpocrpeJrxoaerc.r Aonf,Ea. flpr smu oco6oe BrrEME[e o6paqaercn s corJlacooAEoEpeMeEEotro AoBAEb[e eCrarX trOApa$,qeIlexd, uacrytrapqtrx
Jrrre u xpe6ry.
nepeso,o,n. ul.u yu+etben darannon (pom), nacryuarorqu
loptt*n
c ifponra, oBnqqeBaer cauocro-EleJr.olro trJrtr Eo Baaurdo4ecrunu c o6Bos4ymuru Aecaxrou. Onnaenue
xoAffqtrM orpffou E TaxrsecfiEu
rrepeBaJrou EJIE yqenbeu Earrnuaercs o6usno c BaxBara npuJreraroqrr
tloglla3reregnn

124 F.raea rlrcnt

J'

E 6010 l'15

N rreMv BETCoTf, yflUtlTotnerrtrfi trportrBlrtrfia Ea cxarax, odpaqeHHbrx ff

reperany Enu yqenn. Earanrou (pora) trocne oBnaextrfi rrpunerarcquMr{ BbrcoraMu (nucoro) uacmro cflIr Q aroro py6exa (uaupau"renra)
coBbrBaer uportrBllufia, rreuocpe4crBenxo o6oponrroqero trepeBan tr
yqenbe, rJIaBrIrrrMI{clrJraMtrataxo no tfuanr TbrJIytrFITo}KaeT ero
tr oBJrAeBaeruepenaJroln(nwcoro) Irnu yqenbelr. Tasxu u doenne uartrEnbr rrexort (6ponetpaucuoptepu) trpu arou Alrrrarorc.ff uo goctyuno
USCTITOCTTI, yHnrITOlKafi

pACIrOnOtI{eElIf,Ie

HA IIepeBAJIe,

rpe6HAX

Bf,ICOT tr

cxTax, o6paqerrnnx K IrnM, orneBbre rorll( tr trpo rtrREtrKa, trpetr.ffTcrByrcque po4Bnx(enrrrc 6ara.nr,oua (porn), a ran)fie rrpoBur{euun troApaaqeneun, o6xo4nrqux uporritBrruxa c {uarron.
flocle oBJlaenufirrepeBanoMunn yqenbeu oprauxayercx oxpara u
odopona no4xol{oB K rrepeBany, Barr{HbtxyqacrnoB Aopor, MocroB, ToHuereEBxoAoBByqenbe.
Kanronu, trepecexaloqne EarrpaBneutre HacrJruJreEE.E'npeo'qoneBarorcff, ftafi trpaBuJlo, C xoy tro axBaqcHEbrMrrepexoAM.
Ecau c xogy lrepexoA BaxBartrTb Ee ylanocb' MorocrpenxoB[re tro1pa3AeJrerrufl, ctroJrb3yff IIe SaIr.EThIerrporuBrltrKoM yrlcrr(tr' upeo/IoJreBror nanboubr, BIitrxoAErno {ranr rIJrtrtIJrtrporuBurxa, o6oponRroqero
trepexo4, u trpu troqAeplxxe orrlfl TaHKoRs aprnnnepru Brreaanso aranofi osiraeBaror [M.
B rex cryrraflx, xorAa o6orrr uportrBnnxa, o6opoualoqero trepexon'
EeBosMolnrro,6aralton (pota) oBJraeBaerurr araxo c rfponta. l arou
cnyqae. RarrboH trpeooneBrorB rlepBylo oqepeAb MorocrpenxoBre tropaSenellrrfl
rloA upufiprrl{eM ofnfi aprunnepErn rr raHnoB.
Pasnnrue uacrynnenll.a R ropax BBoAoMn 6o nroporo aueloua (peaepna) nandonee qacro ocyqecrBJrserct treper{arou n rpedyer HagerfiHofo orEeBoro uopalKeuufl trpornBrltrxa.
B

Jrecy

B sanncuMocru or paauepoB Jlecnf,rx MaccI{BoB, tropo,qu AepeBbeB

tr r),crorbr Jreca, KJrnMarrrrecnux tr rroqBenr{o-rpyrrroBbrx yclonu, naJrrqug peg, o3ep, Aopor, trpoce1, rIoJIflIr u orrpy$ox Jrecgcrfi Mecrgocrb
M()lr{ertro-paSHoMy BJIUffTbIrA OprAHUBaqtrrOU BeAerlue EacryrrneHu.
JIec aarpy4lrfier MarreBp, ocodemro 6oeso rexnlrr(R' radltoqenne,
trOAPASI{EJIEIIEfiMtrtr IIOAAEP}(AOPUEIITflPOBAHtrE' A IAK'I{E }TUPABJIEHITE
MaccllB
necg
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Etre BaatrMo4ecruun.
(BTP). nu6op orrreBIx uoeuqu apruJlnepurr s Koprrtre rarrKoB, BMII
peKTtrpOBaIItrff O1gfl. BueCte C TeM neg yMeIIbIIIAeT noTeptr Or o6nrqnUX
MacKEpoBKe, cnprroMy pactroJlox{ecpeAcrB troparfioEzff , cnoco6crryer
B EcxoAIroM paoue.
EEro rrogpaagereur
Jrecnllx
trpoxo4nuocrb
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4opor, 6ocyxoe,
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B
rp
yqcrxu
crarroB.ETc.E
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neTO rrOBbIruaeTC.EupoxontrMocTb BHe AOpOr It qepea Aa6OIO.IeEHLIe yqacrfirf, Ho yBenurluRaercfl orraonocrb necubrx ttox(apoB. Surtlo VJIYqrua126 Inasa rperrs

rcTCfl yCnoBEE llpe{)Onenufi oSep Il peft, Ho }zx}'AlUarocfl yc.IoBr[ffMacKrrpoBntr or na6lro4enu.E c Bos4yxa, Barpygnrrerc.ff ABarficnlre Drre Iopor.
floerouy Hacrytrnefirle B necy Beerc.Etro EatrpaBJreRtrfiMtrpeuMyqecTBerrHoBAOnbl{Opor u npocex tr tro peAr(onecbroB correTaHHtrc oXBaTuu n o6xo4auu.
Morocrpenxonrde rroApas4eneutrr rracrytraror B trepBoM omeJroeu,
Rar( upaBlrno, B uettreM rroprl4ne. TarHosa.fl pora u uunoMerrrax 6arapen
o6rrsHo rroBBBoAHo,r])naroMernu naao4 tro orAenexufiM npuAanrcg
poraM treploro DrueJron&,a rryneuerrrnrfr (upornnoraunoBo-trylerrrerrufi )
BSBOAtrO OTAeJreEnrrM
rrptrAaeTcEBSBOAaM,EAcTytrar0rqtrMtro EAIIpABneEE.EMcocpe,qororreH
r{E ocrroBHbrxycnn n 6araeroua (porn).
Eoesbre Baarnr flo4pal]Aenerrrr.sMB necy rro r;ry6uue uoryr 6urr
MerrbrrruMu, qeM rra orxpnro Mecruocrtr.
EoeBo uopqAox 6ara.rrr'ona crpotrrcff B Ba DrtreJroua.Ha rropo
IIrenoH l(poMe pa8BtrTI|.Eycrrexa MofyT BoSJraraTbc.fl
3aAaqtruo [poTuBogecrnuxr oxBaraM u o6xo4arunporrBr{sxa, 6opr6e c BoBAymEbrMAecanroM tr /{pyrEe 3aalrfi.
flpn opeanusat+uuruacmunrlevu.ea necy r{oMaHAEp6araurona (porn)
KpoMe BorrpocoB,noropue pemarorc.Errpu Eacrytrneur{tr B o6rvnr,rx ycloB[flx, otrpeenfler a3uMyr EarrpaBneHrr.sHacrytrneldu.fr.Arrs.por trepBoro
srrrenoua (naaogon); ycraHaBnuBaer nopflAor rrpeoloneur{.n Jrecnf,rx BaBaJroBtr TpyHorrpoxoAEMrlx yqacTKoB MecTrrocru; HaMerraeTMepoupnfiTtr.Euo 6opr6e c necrrbrMu trox{apaMtr; otrpe4eJrfler rrop.s4on yur[rrro]Kerrrfi
rrpoTrrBrrrrKa,Beyn{ero oroHb c AepeBbeBE oclaBmerocfl B rblny Eaclytrarcqrx trogpaaenenu. oerue BaAaqE tro4paaAeJrerruffMorr onpe4eJrer, r(ax trpaBnJro,no Rapre. Opranuaya naanuo4efrcfnlre, orr ocobenrlo
IleranbHo corrracoBr,rBaer,qecrrtr.E uoApa8Aenenufi, EacrytraroEnx c
r[poxra, tro BaxRary reperpecrnon ,qopor, upocex, 4e{ule tr Apyrux
BAlr(Hbrx o6rerron c o6xognqEMa uonpaBA-enerrtrflMn.
Hacrynnenue E rrecy Eaqurraerc.E c rrpoDeneHtrffaprtrnnepacno
rroAroToBKR aTarilt, B xo,qe noropo rroABJrfiIolcfl otropHbre tryHr(Tr tr
6arapeu rrporuBnur(a.
aprur.repucrue
Aprru:repucxas uogep)ftKa B BaBtrcnuocrtr or xaparirepa o6oponn
trpoTEBnufta B necy ocyqecrBnffeTcs MeroAoMtrocneAoBaTerrbHofo
cocpeqenfiM.
OfrreM trO OTAeJIbHbTM
AOTOqeHtrfiOIHfi UJItr COCpeAOTOqeEEIM
C navaaox a.tnaruB rrepnyro esepeAb BaxBarhrBarorcsBhrcrynrr Jreca,
qro nnmaer rrportrBrrnxa BogMornuocrrl Becru Qaanronrrfi ororrb BAoJIb
oqymnrr rr coagaer rracrytraloquM troApaBAeneEEffM 6.naroupnxrxrre
ycJroBlrf 4nx 6ucrporo trpontrnroBeutr n rny6uny.
Iaunu o6nrsrro 4ecrnyror B qetrtr MorocrpeJrroBbrx troApaaqe.neuuft
yurrrroilraror rrporrrBoraufioBbre cpe4crBa
trJrE sa HtrMrr. Morocrpelru
rrpoTrrBEEr(a E coBMecTEo c trEr(eHepEo-carepElrMf, rroApa8eneHtrffMtr
o6ecuequnaror raEftM rrpeoonenue necnbrx aaBaJroBtr Apyrux Barpalr(4enu. Eoesue Marrranr uexorbr (6pouerpaucuoprepnr) gecrnyror aa
Tarrr(auu II ofueM cnoebo opyrr(trff ynrrlTolnarcT qenu trporuBunxa, trptrtrTclByloqtre trpoABrrlrceHrtrcarar(ynqrx
no,4paa4eaenu.
lrogpaanenenuR a ao:"o 127

,[;rx ynuuto?r(entrfi IrporuBlrtrfia' Begyqero ororb c AepeBbeB'Eaarraqalorctr cnauepu, anToMarqlrxtr E uyneuerqnK[.

B rny6rue .Ileca arana nporuBlrl{rta rrpoBogurc.E c 6onee 6ruaxn*
3rpa?HAegtrfiII oqaru JICII6IXtrOX(IloB'
paCCronnn. JIeCnue BaBA.IItr,
KaK llpaBuxo, o6xoAflTcfl.
B

Bo npeua orHeBo trogroroBr(u arar([, Koropafr rrpoBoAurcfi o6r,rsuo

tro orenrrbrMoqaraM o6opoHhrtrotropEhrM tryEKraM, Anff yErqToil(eEEfl
tr rroAaBneE[.EorrreBrx cpecTBtrporuBEuKa, ocooeErro trpoTEBoTaEr(oBbrx, ruupoKo trpuMeH.ErorcEopyAtr.EE TaEKtr, BIAeJIeEEtrIe
nfl CTpenb6I
rrpff Mofr rraBoXofr, a Trofie ycTaEoBKu trpoTEBoTaERoBbrx yupaBJlff eMr.rx
paxel s trpoTtrBoTaHr(oBbre
rparraToMeTr.
O6ecneqesue orxpf,rrhrx abnauroBupu 6oe B rnydure odopoun gocrrraercff BeAeEEeMpaSBeAHEtr ycuJreEEeM rra6nroAeEtrEayrpoxaeMrx HarrpaBJreHqflx, a ralt)Ke trpoABtr)r(eEEeMBToporo gtrrelloEa (peaepna)
6nuxe H yrpox(aeMoMy naury.
,{,rx nuxoqa B TErJrrrporuButrr( E yEErITo}neEE ero cpeAcrn ffApEOIO tr XUMErrecfiOrO HatraAeEuff, tryEKTOB ytrpaBnerrEff, gaxBar oaSEcoB, ySJroBAopor, EcroqEuKoB BoAhrq Apyrtrx Ba?r(EhIxoobexToB, a laRlKe An.E coAeficrBE.a troApasAeJreEuflM, EacryrraroqtrM c ilpoEra, B or(py)r(eHutr u yHtrqrolfieEuff rrporuBEtrr( 6aTanboll (pora) Morr(er AecTBoBarb
B r(aqeclBe o6xo,4sqero orpffAa.

ycrrrrre

flycrrrna trpeqcragx.Eerco6o paBIIsHIIylg EJIE xoJIMscrylo Megrgocrb

ysa6lfiax C COJIOUIIaK9BI1{I
o upeo6lag,al1geM treCKoB,a Ea OTAeJI6HIX
or'paEErIeHIIIMIiOnBcer{ rJrtrrr[CTut rp yETaMn. Oua xapaKTepI[3yeTC.E
OTBOM IIaCeJIeIIUbIX tryEItTOB, AOpOIt, trOqE IIOJIIIbIM oTcylcTBueM pacTtrTeJIbHOCTE, ECIOIIHI{I(OB BOAbI, TOtrJItBA E ClpOETenbIIbIX MaTepEaJIoB'
CuJTLRrMuBeTpaMu, o6pSyIOqEMII trIJIb E JICC9Byrc AIMI(y, a rAKE(e
BaCyrrrn4Bbl]r X.IIIMaTqM tr pe BI( I{ MII l{one6ann.aMu TeMtrepa r ypbl BoBAyxa

Hoqrro
Jrnrrrroro coctaBa. Itpoue Toro, B rrycTrrue aarpyArrsloTcuoco6gotTb
cfl MacKtrpoBl(a, opEeHTEpoBaIIUe n BblAep,ItfiBallue saAalrHoro uaIIpaB:rIeEJr,At a ctrJIbHafi SaIIIJIeIIHOCTb BoSAyTa orpaHlasuBaeT IIa0flIOAeHUe'
II BpgAIIO BJIII.g6T Ha pAfiory BoOpyX{eHIIfl'
BeAerrue trpuqen6rrofg orgf
BpeMelreM An'E
Han6onee 6naroupuarnuu
6oeno u pyro rexrrllru.
BeAeHE.A 6Oenrrx AecTBn flBJrflIOTCrr ROqb, yTper{HEe ff BerrepHue
qacbr.
r(afi lrpaBl{no' c xogy
B tryc.Thllre ocyqecrrJrflercfl'
Hacryunenl{e
c mupor(1rr trpIIMeHeHtreM MaHeBpa Anfl. o$xoAa tr OxBar OTItpITbIx
rf.[auron trporEBErrr{a n IraHeceEtrfl yAapa c rrJra.
Eoeso uopflAolt fiatarrrona (porn) crpof,rcfl c yIIeroM Boslltollt11ocrg
I'rr AeCTBE.
CardOCTO.gTeJrr'II
a
Pa6ora r(oMaEAupa troApa3AeneHtr.fl tro troAI.OTOBKe rracTytrneEut
c
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B ofbrsght
(poru)
rrp|'- op?&ilu$aryral H,acmvllLeruur B tryItoruaugup 6aranrona
saIIpaDJIenE.a Hag"yuyI(ABIIBaer:
aasuyt
BOtrpoCoB
O6q6r
C1bilrre Kp6ue
Maplupyra An.a EIxoAa lra py6ell{ [epexoJregnfl; tropflAolt ofoasasenuff
rro o6ectreqeHro tbnaEroB I TIna, troAroToBAA B aTar(y; Irepollpq.ffrEff
Bo Bpe*.s trecqa'rx 6ypb;
n upu*e'err'ro
rex'Er(r{
|e 6oeno"r lpyro
rteDbl rro lloBbiltref,uK) trpoxoAI{MoCTII I(OJIeCIIIX lf,aIIIf,E tr IIO OfipacKe
rexsnnn troA fuH MecrrrocrE. Itpoue roro, fioual{Atrp noErpoJrfipyel Merro 3aqnle JIEIIIIOIO cOcTaBa trpll pe3xtrx ssMeHIltr,Ix MeTeopouptrflEfi
ycnoBtr u trpeyrrpelriAeEtrK) TerrJroBr,rx yAapoB, tropfl,qoK
ponorffiecHEx
o6ecrrrenn.s troApagenegs uo4o & ToIInIIBorf,' a TaX(e trO IIoAAepCoCTOsH;4ff Ha IIyHKTaXB9AOCITa6,fiagffto callq1ap6o-r11ruegll11ecfiOrg
'xeHlrfl E B Mecrax pacrronox(eHE JlElrlroro c,oc?aBa.
[2E 1,rr*a .f,*,tu,t

Hacryu;renne Eoqblo Mo)r(er Earlarbcff c trpoprrBa odopouu trporf,Btr(a tJru fBfTbcf. tpoAoJDfeHteM AEeBErx AecTBt.
Haupannenxfl Eacryrrnentrs BbrdtrparcTcff Ea Mecrnocru c EatrMenbIIPEIISTCTBEU XOPOItrOtsUAEMIMf,B
ECTECTBEHHbIX
ItrtrM KOJIETIECTBOM
TeMrroeBpeM.EoptreETtrpaMu. 3ru HarrpaBneEEflAon)nE[r BhrBoAtrTbr( saMeqeEEhrM o6rexrau fiparrrartrEM tryreM tr trcKnroqarb Eeo6xoAEMocTb
cnorr{Eoro MaEeBpa.
Oponr EacryrrJrenr.s E BeJrnqtrEaJruacrr(a trpopIBa6aralrosa (potu)
trpu EacrytrJreEnE Hoqblo, a Tar(?fiernyoEEa 6oesoro tropffAfta Anff BeAeBBBoArE orAe.IreEtr.E
secRoJrbxo cofipaqarorct.
rruff 6oeBbrx gecrufr
reMEo Eoqu EErepBaJItrr
EacryEaror 6ea upouexcyrKoB. B ycloadrx
Melrqy coJrAarMtrB qetrtr MoryT 6nrrn 4o 4-5 u. OAnaxo Bo Bcex cJryqasx 6desofr nopffAor( 6ara.rrrosa AoJIII{eH crporrrbc.fl c ral(trM pacqeroM,
sro6hr odecnesusaJrEcbEaEeceEre ctrJrbEoro uepBorraqanbEoro yAapa Eo
upo rEBEtrKy, caMocroff TeJrbHocrb rroApasAeneEU^fr.x BhlrronEeHtre 6oeno
aaaqtr6ea uepecrpoentrff u BBoAan 6ofr ntoporo oltreJrona(peaepna).
Faranronyo pore (BBBoAy) trpq Hacryuneuutr Eoqblo yxasllBaerc.E
Tar(a.fl)fie rro uy6uue 6oenag SaAarIa,KaR tr rrptr EacryrrneHEtr AIreM.
flpu erou 6aranrory AotroJruurenbno Mo?r(eryfiaabrBarbcn py6ex, xoropruu neo6xoAEMo oBJraAerb I{ paccBery.
Eoubro trpoBoAtrTcff B cBerJroeBpeuff
Iloaornoena h H,a,cmAnJleH,uto
cyron. ftortrau4up 6aranroua (poru), opraEEayfi EacrytrneHtre Eoqblo'
fipoMe o6qux BotrpocoB opraEtr3aqtril 6ofl yKagbrBaer KoMarrAtrpaMpoT
(rano4on) BrruMreEoqblo opuenrupbr, asuMyr EatrpaBnenu.EEacrytrneEnfl. rt Hasrraqaer EatrpaBnflIorqyro poCy (naro4); ope4en.ser tropfforc
odoarasenufr. caoax troApastrenernfi, pEMeEeEEft EpE6opoE Eorruoro
paaBeAKE; yrorrrr.ffer
BtrAeutr.a, pa4uoJror(aqtrouubx cranqu 6luxse
trop.EAonocBeqeEtr MecrEocru tr o6DeftToBalar(E' troclaEoBntr cBeroBrrr
I

Saxaa 162

nopagEeneru.fl s 6e!o 129

SOBATb CpeACIBA OCBeqeEtrfi MoCTEOCTE, A Anff ocnunegrff trpf,dopoB

trOIIEOTO BUTEEIff trPOTEBEEKA _ ATTMI E aapoaonE.
oco6oe BEIMaEEe AoJDr(Eo6rmr y4eneuo BeAeB xoge EacrJrnnetrEl

opgeuTr1poB (crnopon) 4lR o6oanauenrA EalpaBlertj.r EaCTJnIJIer1trfi

orEeM aprEJrneptrE tr ApyrnMrr cpeAcrBMtr' uop.EAono6oasaseruff py6ex{e, ocrtlrEyrDtrx troApaaAeJreEusllr, ux naEroB E MapmpyToB BbrBulKerrus. Hpoue ToI'o, oII trpeAycMarpuBaer Mepotrpu.ffrus uo Baqure
sBnyIIeEE.fi flepEblx BSpbIBoBu opraEucocTaBa oT CBeToBOIlO
JTFTHOTO
CpgACTBAME'
OCBelqeIIuffU CIII11aJI6EI14U
CpeACTBaMU
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tryrpacctrpyrcquME
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rr
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uno paane4rs o6ectreqeutrronanroB.

n raHKoBbrx
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ITflMg.

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qecrcoro CoCToflsErI rpE6opOB lloqgor.o BEAeIItrfl, BHyTpeggero E llapyt-

O6opou,a trMeer qenbro orpaatrrb Eacrytrnertre (ypap) upeBOCXOtrflqEX CtrJr ITpOTtrBEtrRA E EaEeCTtr eMy BEarIETeJrbB[e
trorepE, yAep?r(arb Bit r(Ebepafroru (py6exu, o6terru) r,recrEocrE
x reM caMr[M cosarb 6.rraronpunrElre ycnoBr[fl Anfr uepexoAa B pemf,IlenbEoe HacTylrneHtre.
ycrofivuBo tr aRTaEEo, ctroConpeueunarr o6opona AoKEa 6utr
co6no orpa3trrb yAap[ trporqBEEKa c trptrMeEeEtreM Bcex BuAoB opy-

EOrO ocBelqeuEfi MaItrUH, IIOIIOJIEeHIIIO cBeTOoEItEaJIbEDIX cpeAcTB' EaEeceHulo IIa MaItrUHIiI OIIOSI{ABaTeJIbHbIX AHAI{OB' A TaK}Ke OtroSEABATeJIbEbrx aHaItoB nff Jr[qHoro cocTaBaEoqblo o6f,tsHo B IIetroApaB,qenelttrfi naCryIIAIOr
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trpoTtrBgulia B xoge IIaCrytrJIeHus oCyqeCrBJIAeTcE no trnAHy
ofirexroa
cTapmero EalIAnbHtRa treptroAucecKtr'
B trepepblBax ue]I(Ay ocEoqnoro BE^eHuff trctronbayrcrcfl
[Ipu6opH

*Tii""""Tffiiiu*"r*"oru*,

u eaau'xo0e'cmsua,
4.ertevnuiltru

tro4pa3[eJlegtrflMq'
pyfie)fiefr, AocrtrrgyTbIx
a TAXx(e Ans ofio3gaqegtrfl
IIpEMesffIoTcs cEf EaJrEhre rraTporrbr, paKeTr, TpaccEpyroqEe uynu, [,oragtfie c IIoMoqbIo oCrerurenbcrurgyTIe py6er1u Moryr ofiogsaqarrc.E
ooaapl
troABeEeIIHbIx Ea ctruHx con[ar.
nux rcapua-nnrrx sonape,
(poTbl)
r;l.a B
daranr'ona
KoMaII[qpa
tro
IIpEKaBy
BKnrorIaIOTcfl
o6uquo
ycraEoBneHHoe SapaEee BpeMfl ffa HasEarreErrbrx py6eE(ax. Anfl_ BaaEMEOTO OIIO8EABAEtrE CBOEX IIOPA3AENEBU MOTYT IIPEMEEflTCg 6EIUE
poM6rd)
(xnagparnr,
EapyKaBEbIe rroBfl3KE, 6enue cser.sqEecfi r(pyr[

Ea 6oprax rarrr(oB, EMII (ETP).

Mapmpyrrr BbIIBtfieEEfl rogp34eneutr Ha py6ex aranl( u trpoxo4br
o6brsgo o6ognasarorc' cBerffqtrMucff aEaKMu,(yKas*an aarpi,fi[egufix
uu), b6paqe'ErM' B cropo'y cBotrx BocK. Bm4auxeuue 6aranbo'a
(potn) x py6exy araxu oc)EootrBnflercfl c co6nroqentreu Mep MacftEpoBBtrAegtrff u CBSTOMaCKEpOBOIInpufiOpOe HOTIHO1'9
NE, C uCtrOJIbBOBAEteM
ycrpocrr'
rru
cBeroBb[Haupan.neutre EacrytrJrentrfl troApaBAeJIeEu o'o'Eaqertfl
(cr'opauu). IIpu ara*e trepe^Eero Rpafi o6opo'trr trpoME op'e;rapaM'
TtrBEr{Ka Il paSBUTtrII HacTyIIneEEs troApaBAeJIeHUgAoJITItHbIToqEO BilAep,IMBaTb yftaaaEEl'e EM EaIIpaBJIeEtrfl' ycTaIIoBneEHbIM tropflAKoM
o$auaqatr Csoe uoloxegue Ea lIocrtrrgyrlilx py6e6ax' yMeJIo Ectronblfl)

rnara

rperlg

il(sfl.

u arcrtrBuocTb o6oporr ocrnraercfi: Brrgep?r(Ko,

Vcrosunocrb
crofiRocrbro tr JrtropcrBou o6opoEffrorqtrxcfl troApa3Aenenu, nucorEu MopanbErdM AyxoM JIErrEoro cocraBa; yrrelo opraEEilaqEe ctrcrM[ orB CorreraEntr C SarpaXCAeEUfl}.rU;EaEff,.OCO6eEEOITpOTtrBOTaEKOBOTOI
MaEeBpoM orAex(Eo trportrBoBo34ymno o6opoEo; cBoeBpeMeEErM
Eeu'. cEJraMtr u cpeAcTBaMu Ea yrpo'ItaeuDle EatrpaBneFrrfi; trpoBeleEEynnlrrorr(entreu rrporEBEEKa,
eM peruureJrbnbrx nouTparan, drrcrptlu
BRJrrFEBrIrerocff B o6opony,- u ero BIca[EBmuxcfl AecaHToB; yuenbru
trctronbaoBaxreu uecruocrn, ee trEKeuepnbru o6opygonEneu tr Tqarenbuo rracxupoano; BllrronuenueM lrepotrpunrufr uo Baqure or sarr(nraTeJrbnoro opylrus tr trororoBxo no4paage.rrenu x Beenuro 6off Ea
aaparrennofr Mecrnocrtr B TerIeEEenJrffTeJrbnoro BpeMentr; qernuu BaatrMoAecrBueM; Bcecropous[M o6ecneqeEueM 6ox; mepAr,ru u EenpeprBEM JrupaBneEueu troApa3eneHtr,EMtr.
B aamcnuocrtr or odcraxosxn o6opona uolr{er tro4roraBJrtrBrbcff
ea6raronpel.reuuo trnu opranuaoBtrBarbcff B xoge 6or, upn orcyrcrnur
EetrOcpeAcrBeEEOfOcotrpr(OcEoBeE[fi C trpOTtrBEEKO]rtr B yCnOBtrffx COtrpEr(ocEoBeEu.flc Etrrf.
Baranrox (pora) nepexo4f,r n odopore o6usno B cocraBe nonra
(6aranroua), nnorga tr cauocroqreJrbno, B qenflx orparfiegqfi KourparKr trpeBocxo4firqsx crn trportrBrlr(a, ygepx(arua BaxBarrerrgoro pydexa
u odecneqenux {naaroB Eacrytraxrqtrx troApaa4ereun. B ue6raroupu.ET.HO
CJrO,ItUsmeCs
O6CraEOBfteB pesynbTaTe EeyEaqEOrOECXOIA Bcrpeqxoro 6os 6aranronuorr(er trepexo,qnrb x o6opoxe Ans odecueqeEtrE B[xoAa aa 6os. u orx4a rJraBElirx cEn,. AecrByff B KaqecrBe apbepraP.,:
pora Morr(er gecrnonarb B rlJrbno noxoAno sacraBe trJrtr B ftarrecrDe
troApasAeneEEfi trpEKprrtrfl.
9.

loapaaenesls

"

6ep l3l

Baranrou (pora) Molr(er odopon.arrcrr B trepBou EJrtr Bo BropoM artreJrore, Becru 6o n troJroce o6ocuesenufr. tJrt, E trepeAono uoauqrr,
oocraBJrffrb o6qenocrono peaepn trnE EaxotrTbcfl B uporuBo4ecaETEoM pepBe. Baao4 o6oponnercff, rcar trpaBuno, B cocrBe porbr, Morr{er
Eaxo4nTbcs B peaepBe6atanrona, a rarore saanarrarbcg n 6oesoe oxpaEeEtre rr sacaAy.
Qponm u a.ny,6unapa.ona o6oponu dararrrora ycraEaBnnBarcrcff B
coorBercrBurr c BoaMolr(rrocrrrMtrrro4paaleJresu ro Eanecentrrc rropaxcerrrrfl trporrrBurrry Ha otrpe4eJrenrolr {pouro tr y4ep}ftanuro paouoa
(py6exe, o6rexton) Mecrrrocrtr.
,(.nr o6ecueqenuff ycroumo o6oporrl tryreu coAaEEfl Aocrarorrsofr urornocrn orrr.fl Bcex BEAoB, ocoderRo trportrBoranxoBoro, c yqerou neo6xo4rrMocrrr paccpe4oroqeutrs 6oennrx tropffAr(oB E orneBbrx
cpeqcrn orAenerr{ro u odopoue onpe4enflercfl troarqu.E no {poury 4o
100 u. ,{,.nn rauxon, doennrx MamtrH rrexorbr (6ponerpancnoprepon),
rrogroraBnrrBatorc.s ocnoBrrhretr Batracnhle noauqutr. Onn nnr6upaIITyP
rorcfl c raxrru pacqerou, qrodrl o6ecnequnanucr na6rroAenue aa trporxBErrnoM, Beelrue oru.ff Ha lrpe4enbfre aJrbnocrtr, KpyroBa.fl o6opoua u
cnpntr,r MaEeBp c oAxo trosrrqEu Ea Apyryrc.
Banog o6oponaer ouopurr tryunr qo 40O u uo {ponry tr Ao 300 u
a rny6nny c yserou coagarufl Bauacrbrx uoazqu, EMerr trpoMerfiyrnu
Mex(Ay orAeJreEE.sMuqo 50 u. Ouopnu rynxr BBBoAacocrour EB IroBEqu orgeneuu, ornenbrx troanqn EMII (BTP), trptrAauEbrx orueBbrx
cpegcrn, a ouopnu nyEr(T Tanr(oBoro BaBoa- trg orEeBIx uoanqu
raEKoB E nptrAarErx cpe4crB. Tanxn z EMII B otropuou tryuKre BsBoAa
pactronaraxtrc.s o rfpouty r rny6uuy c trErepBaJIaMEAo 200 u. B 6oeBoM oxpaxenrru BaBoAoxpanser rloatrqtrrc Ao 500 u no rfpoury. Ilpu4anpactronaraercfl
Eoe BBBoAy tryJreMerrroe orgenentre (or4ereure IITyP)
Ea lroanquffx oreJrentr, a rpararoMeruoe oreJlentre - B npoue)fiyrKe MerfiAy HtrMtr EJrs Ea oAEoM na {nanron otropuoro tryERTa BBBoAa.
Pora o6oponser otropur uynnr. Oropnn tryunr tuotocrpe.nxonofi
porbr cocrotrT rra onopnhrx nynrcroB BgBoAoB, uoauqufi ofrreBhrx cpe4crB
porr tr trpugarrrrbrx troApaaAenenn, ouopru uyurt tanxono porr cocronT Ea olropnbrx tryrrxToB TaENoBrx BBBoAoBz uoazqn trpuAauublx
tropaagenenu. Ilpr4anubre rarrnono pore MoocrpenxoBbre tro4pB4eJreutrg aaurMaror troaur{Er o6rrsno BrrepeAu raERoB, a rarone B trpoMe?fiyrre Me?r([y rauroBhrMtr BBBoAaMEu na {.narrax.
,(ur xpyrono odopoubr pornoro ouopuoro tryuxra BBBoAaMEaauaqarorcff Aotronxtrenbnbre cexropm o6crpena, tro4roraBJluBarorcfl orcotrEil
r Batracuretrogrrquu. Ha rfnanraxr B upoMe]fiyrxax Me?r(AyBaBoAaME,
B rbrny ouoproro uyEr(ra ycrparnarorc.s Barpalr{Aennn. Ilpouex(yrntr
MerfiAy poTEbrMtr orropEbrMu IryEKraMtr Aon)nEr Eaxo[uTbC.s troA EetrpepbrBubru ua6nro4enzeM, npocrpeJluBarbcfl S.nanronmr s trepeftpecrEhrMorreM Boex cpe4crn, oco6euno trporsroranr(oBbrx, a ralone trpar(pblBATbc.Asrpa}fiAeEtrgun s orEeM apTtrJrneptru.
Pora nroporo amenona aauuMaer ouopnn trynr(r n rny6nre o6oponn 6aranroua u uogroraBnuBaer r(ourparar(tr (ornenHe py6exu).
132 1.11ssx1psa5g

Bara.nrou o6opouner paon. O6opouy oE crpour B trpe4enaxogro

troBErIEu,ocnoByxoropo cocraBJrflrorotroprretryEKTbrpor, trogroronJreuubre
n npyrono o6opoue.Oporr u rry6nua pafronao6opoum6aranrona 6yqer BaBucerbor 6oenoro cocraBa cpe[crB ycunexuff u yclonu
MECTEOCTU.

Baranlos BToporo grtrenouaBaEEMaerpafror o6oponn,_KaK trpaBtrJro,

Ha BalKHemeMEatrpaBJrenl{u, Eaxoffcb B roroBnocrn K ynurlTorfientrK)
BrJrtrrrtrBmerocfl B o6opony trporuBurrxa trJrn K trporrnoMy y4eplr{autrK)
BantrMaeMoropaoua, a ranlr(e K ycnJrertrro (aauene) rro4paaAenenufrnepBoro alreJrona B cnyqae trorepu uuu doecnoco6nocru.
Boeeoftnopn1on 6ararron crpotrr B ABa trnr{ oArrn arrreJron.IIpu AByxartreJronrrou trocrpoenur{ 6oenoro tropffExa ABe porbr pactroJrararorcs B
rrepBoM,oAEa pora - Bo BropoM arueJrone.flpu uocrpoeuutr B oAEE aueJroE Bhr4eJl.ffercflpeaepB B cocraBe Ee Meuee BBBola, Pornr a dara.rrsose
Moryr uMerb caMoe paartrrrnoe paclono?fieuue. OAna trB por
Mo)r(er
caa4r[ unrr BIIepe[E ocraJrbrrhrx, odpaaya orneno Merrror, a Ha
6nrl
orxpbrrou rfnaure BoBMornEopacnono]Kerrtre ycrytroM.
Munoueruan 6arapen tr rpaHaroMerstr saso[ darantona o6nrqno ocarorc.E B tro4rruneur{rrKoMarrAnpa6aranroua u rrctroJrbsyrorc.E,KaK rlpaB[Jro, B rroJruoMcocraBe Anff rrogAepxxu 6os por nepnoro aue;roRa. l[nor4a rpauaroMersbr BBBoAB troJrrroMcocraBe Mox(er trptrAaBarbcfi pore,
o6oponnroqecn ua EatrpaBneEutr cocpegoroqenrr.E ocuoBubrx ycu;l.ufr.
6atanroua, trJrE tro orgeneutr.EM nptrAaBarbcff poraM nepBoro artreJIOEA.

flporunoranHosufr BBBoEpactroJraraerc.ffga trepBrMrtreJronouEa ranEaupaBneHtrEu trCnoJrbsyeTcflqeHTpanEsOBaEEO

KOOtraCEOM
Anfi OrpameEEff arar( TaHKoB, o6ecueqegnfl BrABtr?r{ennfl,
u psBeprhrBauufl BToporo
arrreJroua(peaepna) daranrona, Anfi KoHTparKEu trptrKpbrru.Eorxpbrroro
S.uanra. Ha aaxpuro u nepeceuesso Mecrnocrrl BsBoAB troJrrroMcocraBe ulrz rro orgenenrl.EM Mo]rier trpugaBarbcl poraM trepBoro eue.rrona. IIyneuermr (nporuroraur(oBo-tryJreMerun) BaBoA tro or4enerrtrflM pacuonaraeTc.a B otropErx nyEKTax MoToclpenKoBrxBSB0AoB,B trpoMeEryTr(ax Me)fi[y EEMU uJrtr ua (p.uanrax.
flpuganurue 6aranrouy raunu rfctroJrbayrorcfl B orropubrx rlyur(Tax
Anfi BeAeHtrfl orEH c llogroroBnenwr'rx uoeuqu, a ral(il{e Ar.s Aecrnq
trB 3Acatr.
Illrarrrre tr trpugaunbre 6aranrouy BeHETEretrogpaaeJrenufi pacfloJrararcrcff n paone RHII 6ararboua rr B orropnhrx rryrxrax por ran,
sro6r o6ecuesusanucb EaAe)fiEoe trprrrphrrre trogpas4e.rreuufr c BoBAyxa, KpyroBo o6aop r o6ctpen Boa4ymnoro uporrButrr(a, MacxtrpoBna r(
cB.EBbc r(oMalr4trpou 6aranrosa.
I(ouau[no-na6nrogarennunfi uyuxr RoMaEAtrpa 6atanrosa o6opyAyercs Ba uo4paageJreru.ffMtr nepnoro smeJrorra trJrE B paoue orropuoro
trynrra porbr Broporo arneJroa(peaepna), KHII xortran[trpa porbr n rnyduue orropnoro trynr{ra porbr.
Cuttnena oaH,a,B o6opoue oprautrayerc.E B ooorBercrBun c BaMbrcaou doesux gecrnnfr u 6oesilus cnocrnauu cpegcrB tropatr(entrfl.
[o4paageaenra

n 6oro 133

Baranror (pora) Morr(er o6opourtrcff B rrepBou aJr! Bo Bropou artreJIoEe, Bscrtr 6o n tronoce o6ecueqenufr wrr Ea trepeAoBo uoauqur,
cocrBnflTb o6qenocxono peaepu trnE EaroAETbc.E B trpornBonecarToM peoepBe. Bano4 o6opounetc.E, KK IrpaBEJro'B coolBe porbr, Mox{er
EaxoArrrbc.EB peaepBe6araltoua, a rarolto Eaanaqarbcs s 6oenoe oxpaEerrne rr sACAAy.
Qponrn u e.ny,6un'apanna o6oponu 6ataarona ycraxaBJluBnrc.r B
tro4paagenesz uo Eaueceuuxl tropilfiecoorBercrBurr c BoBMorr(Eocr.EME
Hr{ff trporrrBurrxy Ha orlpe4eJrerno}r Sponro E ygepffiatruro paonon
(py6eme, o6rexroa) Mecrlrocrtr.
,[,nr o6ecueqentr.E yctoftvunofr o6oporn uyrM coBAaEEff Aocraroqso unornocru orrr.E Bcex BEoB, oc,o6enno trportrBorExoBoro, c yrr'
rou neodxo4uMocrtr paccpe[oroqeutrs 6oenrrx tropflAKoB tr orneBbrx
4o
cpegcrn orgenertrro n o6opone otrpe[enfiercff troauqnfl no {ponty
t0 rtr. ,{,rr rauron, 6oenux MmtrE rrexorhr (6ponerpaEcnoprepor),
[9IITOTaBJIEBaIoTCflocEoBIIIile tr saIIacEIetroagqtrtr. Oru nnr6npaIITyP
rlrcfl c rafttrM pacqerou, sro6n o6ecneqrsa.rucr ua6.uro4enre 3a rlporuBrrrrxoM, BeAeHrreorH.E Ha trpeAenbEbre AaJIbEocTE, RpyroBafi o6opona u
cxpmrmfr
-Bsaog MaEeBp c oguo troatrqutr Ea Apyrym.
o6opouxet ouopnu trynnr no 400 u uo Sponry u Ao 300 u
n rny6uny c yqerou coBAaEE.Eanacnbrx uoazqu, EMes lrpoMexyrru
Me?r(Ayor4eneuuffMu go 50 u. Olopnuft tryEKr BBBoAcocrotrr EB toEquft orAerenu, ornenbrx troatrqa EMII (ETP), trpEAaEEilx orxeBhrx
cpe4crB, a ouopnnfr tryEKT TaEKoBoro BBBoAa- uB orueBru .noauqu
raEKoB tr trpEAaEEbxcpegcrB. Tanxu u EMII B orroproM tryExre BBBoIa
pacrooararorcfi Iro rfpoiry n rny6uny c EErepBJIaME Ao 200 u. B 6oeBoM oxpaueuuu BaBoAoxpau.ser rloatrqtrro no 500 u go {poury. IIpuAaupactronaraerc.ff
Eoe BBBoAy tryJleMerlroe or,qenerrue (otge.leure IITyP)
B trpoMerfiyror4eJrenue
rpanarouernoe
a
Ea troBuqusx orgeJrerrtr,
Ke MerxAy EEMu EJrE E oAEoM ua $.rauroa oilopnoro tryEKTa BaBoAa.
Pora o6oporrffer onopuru uyurr. Ouopunft uyrrrr uoroctpelxoao
porbr cocrotrr IrB otropnhrx tryEKroB BgBoAoB, noauqr orreBbrx cpegcrB
porr tr trpAanrrhrx uoApaa4enenu, ouopunfr nyxnt tannono porbr cocTour uB orlopEr'rx tryIrKToB TAEr(OBbrXBSBOAOBU nOeUqn rrpEAaEEbrx
trogpaageJrenu. Ilpuganrrbre raur(ono pore MorocrpenroBrre tro4paa4e'
JreEEfl BEtrMaK)Ttroaurltr o6llqno Brrepe4q raurtoB, a rarone B trpoMe]r{yrr(e MerfiAy raur(oBbrMtr BBBoAaMEn na Qnanrax.
,{nr xpyrono o6oponbr poruoro otropxoro nyuftTa BBBoAaMEaBEarralotcs AoIIoJIEuTenbErecerlopnr o6crpe.rra, rlogroTaBntrBaroTcff oKoIIhI
s Batrcnbre noglrquz. Ha Qnauraxr B trpoMe?fiyrr(ax Me?ftAy BBBoAaMU'
n nny onopnoro trynrra ycrpauBarcrcff sarpalr(enun. IlpoMetfiyrnu
MerftAy porEbIME otropEblMu tryEKaME AOJII(EI EaXOAETbCStrOA EetrpepbrBrrbrMnadnro4enueMr rrpocrpeJltrBarbc.fl {.nanronrnc E trepeKpecF'
ErrM orueu Boex ope4crr, oco6euno trporuBoranroBhrx, a rafftfie trptrRphrBarbc.E Sarp)KAeEEflldn v orEeM apruJrneptru.
Pora nt-oporo arreJlora Bauuuaer ouopru tryHKr r rnydune o6oponu 6ararnou u nofroraBJrrBaer Kourparar(a (ornerne pydexn).
132 Inasa rpe15s

Baranros o6oponxer paou. O6opouy oE crpour B rrpe4enaxo[no

uoatrrlnu, ocnoBy noropo cocraBJrflIorotroprretryEKThrpor, IroAroroBx npyroro odopone.(Dpoxr u rny6nua paonao6oponu 6aranlJreuEhre
ora 6yAer sucetr ot 6oesoro cocrBa cpegcrB ycuJrennffu ycnonufi
MECTEOCTtr.

Bara.rrros DToporo ameJlouasauuMaer pafiou o6opouu,- KaR trpaBuno,

El BalKEefrnTeMEaIrpaBJIeHrrx,.HaxoAcb B roroBgocrn K yEuqTox{eHEIo
BxrurrrBrrrerocs B o6opony uporuBnlrr(a uJrE r( trporrnoMy y4eptr(Eulo
BautrMaeMoropaona, a rarone K yctrnennxl (sarrleue)nogpaAeJrennuepBoro altreJrona B cnyqae lrorepu uun 6oecuoco6nocru'
Eoeao nopn1on datalrou crpotrr B ABa uJrt oAIrH arllenon' IIpu AByxameJrOEEoMtrOCrpOeEttr $oeaoro r1OpgARa ABe porhl pACIIOJIarax;Tcfr B
trepBoM,oAEa pora - Bo BropoM amerone. flpu uocrpoeutrtr B oAEE amenOE BrgenseTcfipe3epB B CoCraBeEe Megee EaBoAa.Porn n fiaranrone
Molr(er
Moryr uMerb caMoe pasnuqEoe pacuonox(esue. oAna u3 por
A Ha
MeIIIofi,
orueso
Odpaeyr
Btrepela
OcraJIbEbIx,
uJIl
CAaAE
6115
BoBMo?nEopactronoxelrre ycrytrou.
orxprrroM flanre
illunouersan 6atapen tr rpagaroMetsufi BBBSA6atanlona o6nrsno OcTaIorcE B llo[qarreguu KoMaII[Epa 6ataaroEa ll trctoJlbayrorcfi' r(aK upaB[Jro, B troJIHoMcocTaBeAnfl IlogAepxnn 6og por IIepBoIo aroelona. I'|sorAa rpauarouetnnfr BBBoAB IToJIHoMcocraBe Mo)r{er trpugaBarbc-Epore'
O6Opo"ttoqefrcs sa EaIIpaBneEEu COCpeAoroIIeRItfl oCIIoBIIbIx yCu;ru
6aranroua, trJIE tro orgeneuuffM trptrAaBarbcfl porau trepBoro ameiroHa.
IlpOrgOrannOnrrft BaBo[ pagtroJlaraercff Aa trepBbIMaueJIoEoM11aragEaIIpABneHtru tr EctroJlb3yeTcfl qeErpanEBoBaEHo Anfi orpx(eKOOtrACEOM
pBBepTbIBaEUfiBTOpOTO
EEf TaK TAEftOB,O6eCUeqegnflBhIABtr)KeEWA
E trpa1phlrqs orxpITor.o
ftorrrpaTAftE
(peaepna)
fiatanrona,
AnE
ameJrqga
rfnanra. Ha aaxprrro n repecevexuo MecTEoCrEDaBoAB IIqJIHSMcocraBe trnu tro orgeneuurM Mo)rier trpuaBarbc poraM lrepBoro ameloua' IIy(npotuooranr(oBo-tryJreuerum) BBBoA tro or[enenu,nM pacnelrerrn
BSBOAOB'B trpoMeffiyTrroJltaeroff B otropErx tryHKTax MOTOCTpeJIKOBrX
Kax Me)fiAy EtrMu'u.IrE Ea Qlaxrax.
Ilpuganuue dara.urouy ranxn trctroJrbaylorc.F B otropnbrx trynl(rax
lnfl BeAeHuE org.ff c trogroroBJrelrghrx noauqu. a ra1l6e A.rrs eficrsu
tr3 AaCaA.
Illrarnrre tr trptrAaEEhIe 6atantouy BeIIETEhIetrOApa8eJleHufipactroII B otropgblx trygl(rax por ra'
n paoue ITHII faralbgga
Jrara11;Tc.E
tro4pas4enenufi c BoBAyllpunprdrue
sro6n odecuequnanucb EagetfiEoe
r{
xa, KpyroBo o6aop r o6crpet BorlAymlloro npoTtrBExKA,MACr(trpOBKa
cB.flBb c Kouar[upou 6ata.nroua.
uynrt KoMaEAupa 6aranroxa o6opyKouangno-na6nn4arenrrrwfi
emerorra lnu B paoue otropnoro
trepBoro
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Ba
Ayercs
trynxra porbr Broporo aterlona (pesepna), ITHII xonrauupa porbl
porbr.
a rny6uue oropnoro tryurra
catmexa o?H,n B o6opone opraHtrSyerc.E B ooorBeTcrBau c 8MrcaoM 6oesux Aefrctsnft u 6oesiluu cnocrnaun ope4crB tropalr(enufl.
IropaaAerregltg a 6on 13ll

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cpeAcrB tr crrnomnoro Mnorocnofinoro ornfl Bcex BrrAoB oppfius trope4
trepeAuuu Kpaeu, B npoMe)ffyrxax, Ea Slanrax n e r.ny6uue odoporx q.nx
yrrtrqro?xenufl B rlepByro oqepegb raEKoB E lpyrnx dpounporaunbrx MaruqH rrporuButrr(a; rrororoBnexun uanerp orueM B rlenflx ero cocpe4or(F
rreuufl B Kopornue cpona Ea nro6ou yrpox(aeMoM EatrpaBnegrf, trJru Ea
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trPetrflTcTBtrflMtr.

Ocsono ctrcreMr'r orsg 6aranrona (potu) xn1xerca trporgBora'I(oBhI oronb. Tqatenruas

rrpor-EBoragrtogoro orgg opragqaar[rfl
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dponuponaxrnx qele ilporEBEtrRa Kar( trepe4 rrepelunu r(paeu, rax tr B
rny6ure paona o6opoow 6aranrosa (ouopnoro tryrfira potrr).
.{ar orparxer[E MaccnpoBaunrrx ararc rauftoB E trexorbr rlporuBxtrKa
coSAaroTc.flaoEcnnolnEoro orE.E Bcex BrrloB opy?nHfl trepoA rrepeArruu
r{paeM u n rny6une o6oponH nyreu opraur{saqun cocpeloroqenuoro, BarpaAtrTenbEoro oIE.E apTtrnnepEtr E MtrEoMeToB,rpaEaToMeToB, orEff
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{.rrauroru, ueperpecrnrri a RUE)r(aJrbEriroronr.
[o4roronra

u Belerre

o6opom

flogrotosfta o6oponu n dara;rrose (pore) EaqtrEaercs c noJrJnIeFmeM

6oeso Bagarru or craprtrero r(oMaEAEpa (uauanruuxa). Oua Br(Jlrurraer:
oprEuaaqtrro 6o.s (npnnxtue peltrentrfl, trocrauoBK 6oenr.r\ BaAaq mrarHbMtr trptrAaEEhrM tro4paa4eJrenuffM, oprauuaaqnfl Baanuogefrcrsufl. m
c[creMbr orEE, Bcecroponrreeo6ecueqerqe 6os u yflpaBnenuff); aannrre
o6oporu, coaautre6oeaoro tropflAxa E ctcreubl ornfi; unlnexepnoe o6opyAoBautre paona o6opoxrr (ouopnoro nynnta); paspa6orxy cxercnrpaoua o6oporn 6araarona (ouopuoro nynxra); trogroroBry no4paa4enennfr
x 6oro; r(oErponb roroBnocrs o6opo-*r tr rro4paaAeJreusft K Bhrrronuertrn
6oeso BaAarrE tr pyrre Mepotrptrflrtr.E.
floc;re4onareJlbuocrb t co4epffiaaue padoru KoMaEAI{pa 6ara.nloua
(pomr) tro oprarrtrsaqun odopoun 6yqer BaBucerb ot ycnonufi uepexo4a
x o6opone tr EaJrEqtrfl BpeMeEE. O6cranonna Morr(er 6utr cauo paaxo-

o6paauo. B o4gou cnyqae uorpefyetcg ocrago6trTbgfl u IIeMeAJIeIIEo

- trpo4oJlll{arb Easa1petrrrrbcs Ea ,qoCTErHyroM py6exeo B ApyroM
srilroAHoro pysaXBaTa
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6exta.
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py6exa, Eaueceuue orueBoro nopAl6eu6fi
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C
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(ouopnoro nyrxra)'
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fataurosa (potu) trpoBoAur pe1orgorroaBoJrur o6crasOpxa, HoMa11AEp
cqqpoBny, B xoge noropofr upu reofxog1lMocrq yrosEfiOr cBoe peluegte'
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BOSAeBcro p"6oty oo opraEtrsarluu o6opoam B ycnoBEflX aKTtrBEOI'O
crBEfl rrpoTBIIEfia KoMaEAEp6atanrona (por}) IIpOBoAETEa cBOeMI(oMau4no-sa6nrogareJrbnou rIyEKre.
flpu nepexoe K odopore sH,econputtocrroseH,unc nponxuaHuno,rt'rroMAEAup 6aranrosa (pornr) trpuEtrMaer pemeEr{e, AoBoAEr ero [o cFotrx
pe,I(O1goc!,trpoB,aauectsrene n xolrangrrpoB trogpasqenenu, uponoAIIT
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6ox, ytpanJlenrre tr SarqtrTy or Salntrrarenbrroro opyilttr'fl' BareM oE Bhrrogur 6raJrroa (poty) n yxaaaunr,r paou (ouopnr'l nynxr) Ir oprarruByer ero Eur(enepuoe o6opygonanue.
B srou cnyqae llepe, trepeIEsM KpaeM trepBolo alIeJIOHa Mo]fie
troAro1aBJrrrBaTbcg Slrarrg1enbgag tro ray6une troJlo6a. Ofiecueqenug.
oaa, xar trpaBrJro, cocToETtrB Eecr(onbKtrx lroanqtrfr, paouoa o6opourr
nJru otropgblx tryg1.roB. B Hefi o6opy4yercfl lar11fie paaBtrTafl cIICTSMA
qu)fi euepxblx aarparxgenu'
B nxoropux ycnoB'flx o6crasosxu trptr orcyrcrB'E lroJrocn o6ecIIgqeEEqIIepeAtrepeAEuMl(paeMMo?I(eTco3aBaTbcfltrepeAoBaflIlosu.
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tro3trqtrfi

aa6ny4enue or'ocarerb'o

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o6opoum uopegono troauqntr B[AeJrffrorcfl
rrogpaa4eJreuuqcuro or porhr go 6ara.ntoua. B raqecrBe ycrrnenun 6aranrouoxer uoJrytlur 4o ranxono poTbl, aprEnJfepEcRoro AtrBuBuoEA, UEfieEepso-CatrepHor()BSBOAaE trpsxpbrBATbcs SeEtrlEbrMrrnopaEAeJrextrflMu?a raxx(e trog4ep)nuBarbcff aprul.uepue u anuaque.
B ealrncne 6ox xolrangup 6aralloua (porrr) otrpe4enffer: EanpaBJreHue cocpe4oroqeErrfl ocaoBubrx ycnnnfr. u yqacrnu Mecrrrocrn, or ygepxautr. Roropbrx BaBtrcur ycrofruunocrr o6opounr; 6oeso tropffAox u rrocrpoeutre paoua o6opourr (ouopnoro nynxra); uopfiAor tropalr{enu.EtrpoTUBEUT(AOfEeM rrrTaTEbrxE rIptrAAEHbrXCpeACTBtrpu troAxoe ero R rrepeEEeMy rparo o6opoubr, paaBeprbrBaur rr uepexo4e B arar(y, rop.ffor
yutrrrrolfieEu.fl BKJIuHuBerocs n o6opony tlporuBulrxa r lratrpaBJreuu.ff
Konrparax; tropfiAor umr(enepnoro o6opygonanua paoua o6opounr
(onopuoro nynxra).
flpn uocranoBfte BaAaqRoMaEAtrp6ara;rrona (poru) s 6oesou trptrKaae yxaabrBaer: poru (nanoqau) - cpecrB yctrJrentrff, otropnbre flyrrxTb[ u HarrpaBJleHtrflcocpeoTorrefiugocnonErx yctrnufi, sa4aur.r,'HarrepTaEr[e uepe[rrero xpafl u rpanuefi,
rroJrocbr orE.fl, AotroJrrrtrTeJrbEbre
ceftropbr o6crpe.na tr yqacrxtr cocpe4oroqenuoro orrff; pore Broporo eme.uoua (peaepaa), rpoue roro,EarrpaBnerrna ll pyderru paaBeprhrBaurs
trpnAanrrrM rro4paageJrerrs.Eu apEJrE r(ourparaK, orneorre py6exu;
TuJrJreputr tr MunoMerrroft 6arapee - BaAarI rro orneBoMy nopalxelrtrro
trporuBEuKa, troeprnKer(oHTpaTaKtrBroporo DrrreJroEa,ocEoBHbre 3atracHreorEeBbretro3trqErr, BpeMq IoToBEocTu, curEanhr oTKpbrTrs, trepeEoca u upexpaqennn
orrfr.i tro4paaAeJresuro 6oeaoro oxpaneurr.fl - tro3trqtrro, SaAaqy, ftar(ue orEeBbre cpeAcTBa BbrenfiroTcs n.s uoAAepx(I(E,
rrop,sAor(BbrSoBaux orEfi tr rlopffAor( oTxoa, BpeMfl foToBHocTtr n BErrIoJrEenuro BaAaqE E BarrflTufi o6oponrr, roroBnocrb ctrcreMnr orrr.q, oqepegHocrb tr cpoxu rrulr{eEepEoro o6opygoBautr.flpaona o6oponn (onopxoro
uynxra).
Baanuo4eftcrBue KoMaa4up 6ararrona (porrr) oprauuayer tro sa4arIaM, Bepo.ETErM
EatrpaBJrerI[.EM EaCTJrtrJTeHEff
rrpOTABHqKaE EatrpBJreEuflM r(ouTparr( cBorx trogpaaAenenu. Opranuay.s BaatrMoqecrBrle,
orr corJracoBbrBaeTAecrBu.ffpor (nanogon) uexgy co6o, c AecrBnfiMtr
tro4paaeJrenuaprun.nepuu, Apyrux orneBbrx cpecrB tr c coce4.flMrruo
yEErrTolfieEtrro upoTtrBl{trr(a Bo BpeMfl BhTABU}fteEtr.gero K trepeAEeMy
rparo o6opoubr, pasBeprlrBauuq u trepexo[a B araxy (n ucxo4uou uono;KeHEu Anff Eacrytrneuua), rIpE orpmenuu arartr TaHr(oBu rrexorr trpoTtrBErrKarrepeg uepegnrrM r(paeM u rrpu BKJTzEeEEEqx B paonu odopouu
(onopunr uynrr).
Cucreuy orE.E KoMaEAEpdararboua (pornr) opranuayer B xo4e pexorEOCqEpOBT(u,
a rar(Ere trpE rrocrEoBeaAaq tro[paSAeneErr.sMtr opraEuBaqEE raauuogecrnun. Oprantrayff ctrcreuy orns, oE otrpe4enffer BaAaqa pruJrJrepufrcxuu, TaEr(oBbrME MorocrpeJrnoBrMuoflpaaeneuuflM rro
rropalneuuro rporuBnuna Ha tro4cTyrrax x o6opone, npu paaBeprhrBautrE
u trepexoge B arr(y, npu 6oe aa troarquro 6oenoro oxpaneurfl, Ba y4eplfia136 rra"u rpetra

HEe poHa o60ponrr (oropnoro

uynxra)

tr trpu EaHeceHtrrrr(oHrpa-

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u BepToJIeToB,a TaK)fie K yHrrqrotfieEtrro Bo3yrlrEbrx AecaEToB A AUBep_
ctrorrfo-pSBeEbrBareJrbErx rpytrtr.
Opranusonan o6opony, KoMarrtrp 6aramosa (poru) paapa6arunaer
Ea KpyruoMacrtrra6no Kapre cxeMy paftora o6oponrr 6aralrona unu
otropHoro nyEKra porbr (puc. {9 na nrn.), Koropa.E frr,rilercfr trJrarroMBeo6oporrzrenbHoro 6og, n B Br.r[e oHecerrEE.trpeCTBJrtrercfl
ae}c.u-fl.
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c.Eraurn, 6oesbreMarrrunbrtrexorr (6poHerpancnoprepu) u Apyrne mneBbIe cpeAcTBa'

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SaHuMafl

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rpytr IIpoTuBrruKa, trbrTaroquxcfl BecTr{ paSBe/IKy, npoAeJrErBaTr,
IIpo_
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IIOAAep?nr{Bafl
roToBHoclb K oTpr(eHlrroaTaH IIpo_
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Br,qeJreHnbrx
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r( OTr(pbITnrO
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tr ApyruM BoB_
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,{,ln naneceurrfl trporuBnrr(y ypona r Ba,qep}Hnrrero Br,rgBn)fierru.E
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[ocflraeMocrrr aprrrJrJreptrq cocpeAoroqellllr,rMu MaccrrpoBarrlrblMorHeM
Eauocur eMy MaxcrrManbno aoenrox{nryqep6.
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OHOnperrTcTByeTAecTBII.sMero
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Eo 6oeeoaoorpauev,ufl. tro44eplfitrBaerc.fl orneM aprrrJrneprru, ooope,qororleuulrM orneM Tarrr(oBbrxu MorocrpeJrxoBbrx [o4paa4eJrenu, orHeMrpauaroMerroro BBBo,qa.Orneryro tro4eplriny rparraroMerntrft nasoA
ocyqecTBJrfleT c BpeMeEEbIXOTr(pbmLrxtrJru tronySaftphlTblx OrEeBbrx troauqnfi c Bagaqe BrreBanEErM
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npoTuBIIr{Ka.
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arana ero uepeqoBbrx tro,qpaag,eJreuuorpaxarurc.E orneM Eaanaqenrrblx
orueBbrx cpe4crB n o6oponxrcquMrrcfl Ha arqx BaupaBnertrflx lroApaa4eJIEEEEMIT.

flocre opa]r(elrtrfl aranr{ o6napyxunmue ce6s orrreBbre cpe[crBa

tro yHaaarruro KoMalrAupa 6atanroua (porn) ,qon)ftHhrcKpblrEo cMeEurb
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roraBJruBaerc4 oroHb aprEJlneptru E Apyrux cpeAcTB.
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(poru), BeAfl rreupepr{Buoe nadlroAenrae aa
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tropasAeneuuyrrparnaercs B qerr.sx, 6altsAaxax, y6exuqax, 6oenrrx
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C nepexoon nponxusH,una s arnanu oE lropaE(aerc.s aprEJrnepuefrr
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r{ trepeg,EeMyr{parc oronb Bcex cpe4crn 6atanloRa AoBoAtrrcfl Ao EauHatrpfl)Hegtra. [Ipu nOAxOAetrexOTbItrpOTtrBHI{XaK IIOBUIIUUHa
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paccroEEue 30-40 u Morocrpennz ea6pacunarcr ee I'paEaraMu, yHqrIlO}fiax)T OrEeM B yIIOp U OTCeKaroror rarrltoBuporuBnuna r paou o6oponu nouan4up 6aB cnyxae BNJruEeErr.s
ranboga (poru) AonlKeH orIIeM Bcex cpeACrDocralloBltrb ero trpogBl{(eEue, SaKpeuurb cBou {nanru Ea yrlacrxe BfiJrtrEeEItsE oAaBtrTbtrporEBEtrKA

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flpopaanmnecr n rny6uny o6oponu raEKE rporrrBrrafia yllutlrotfialorcff orgeM TaEr(oB,6oesbrx MarIruEtrexorBToporo elueJrorrac SaEI{MaeMEIx
uMtr o1geBbrx uosuqu uJru orgeBhrx py6exe, a Ta1lfie oIIIeM npx*ro
nasoAxo trporuBoraHKoBbrx cpeAcrB, npngauuo u lloAAepE(usaloqe
aprrrJrnepErl. c aro qenbro troApaa[eneEtr, oxa8aBrrruecfiB rbrny Ilpop-

138 1,13s,1r'pqtrt

BaBmeroc.fl trportrBHxr(a, trpoAon)naK)r ytropHo yAep}I(uBarb saEtrMaeMbre uo3urtrEtru cTpeMflTc.EcKoBaTb MaKcrrMJrbHoe

KonuqecTBo ero cr{n.
Haudo.rrmero yctrexa n 6opr6e c BxJrunuBrurrMcflrrpornBurrnoM Moryr
KoTopbre BeyTcfi Ao ItoJrHo\aTID anmuEH,ble,peulutneJlbH,blenoHnlpafT&nu,,
ro yEETIToE(eHrrffa BoccraEonJreurano6oposbil. Kourparafta BToprM
aurenouoM (peaepaou) o6uqso trpororrrcff coBMecrrroc Apyrrrurr trolpaaAeneEll.sMtr. TaK]He c coceAflME.
Itourparaxy
cne4yer roroBtrrb cnpr,rrno, trpoBoAETb Bneaalrro Bo
rtnu.
rbrJr
BxnxnrrBrnerocfl trporrrBuur(a. llepen upoBegenueil
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r(oETpaTanu trpoTqBHtrr(y HaEocqTt.tr tropalfieEEe orEeM Bcex cpeAcTB,
Eueloqrrxcff B pactropllnenuu r(oMangupa 6ara.nroua.
fI po runnux, Br(JrlrnrrBrrrucns trpoMe)fiyror( MerfiAy o6oponrloq nwuc fr.
6ara.nronou tr coceAflMs, ynurrrox(aeTcfl Bo raauuo4ecrButr o coceAou
orueM Bcex cpe4crB E pertrtrre.ntuo xorrparaxo.
flocne orparr(enrrfl arar{rr tr BoccrarroBJreuus odopoHnr 6aranron aar(petrnfleTcfl, BOccTaHaBJrnBaeT
cECTeMy OrEff, trE?fieEepEbrxSarpAtr(Aexu, norolnaer 6oenptruacbr u roroBuTc.g r( orpa?fiertrxl troBTopnbrx arar(
trporrilBEur(.
Eara.rrros (pora) Ee EMeer trpaBa 6ea upuraaa ocraBirfirb aaRnuaenmfi
paou (py6ex) o6oponn. On Aolxen necru 6ofi Aarr{eupu trorrrroMonpy)I(EEEtr.
Pa6ora EotatrIlpa torocrpelroBoro BBBoa
rro oprEEBAqFE
odoponnrB ycnoanffx
Eerrocpe[cf,Bef,noro

coupf,trocEoBeHf,fl c uprualtEr(oil

(rapnaur, prc- 23 ua nxa.)

T a r r r q e cfi a n o 6 c r a E o Br(a
ft 15.00 22.6 2 ucn oBJIaAeJIsxc, tllJrocxar rr BfiperrtrJrcaHa neii. Itorrrangap
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aaanuogecrnaro, 6oenouy o6ecueqerulo tr ytrpaBneurro, Eg r(oroplrx euy crno
uSBeCTEO:
l.. Opueurzpu: 1- - RMHE, 2- - uocr, } - orA. Aou. 4fi - or4. poqa,
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5- - sHmxa.
2. IIp-x, BeAcgeprrnBarcqe 'gecrnur, uepeuren r o6opore Ea aapauee troropy6exe c trepeAuut[ r(paM rotrtu. orryrrrxa neca <Eepeaonrrr, rycrapnnH,
ToBJreEEoM,
pouqq, ,(y6ua, gAEoBpeMeEEoBrdgBtrraerpesepBhr na ray6unu. flogxo4 ux na py6er*
oa. Cuuee, /{y6aa u neperofi B rracrytrneur,rc BoBMo]r(eEtrpea cyrn.
3. I ucp c I rn I rp, MuEB 6ara.nrosa epexo,qrrr x o6opoue otropuoro nyrr(ra Brc.
<I[pyr.naar, <IIpugopoxna.sD, Aaqtr c aagaueorpaourb arar(y raur(oB rr trexorbr rrp-Ka
trepeA trepe4nuu ftpaeM n Ee Aotrycrrrb ero rpoprrBa B EatrpaBneun op. 5, Aaw.
Pory uog4ep)r(trBaer 6arp 122-uu ray6nq.
2 uco odopouaer onopuu uyaxr (ucx.) fiMbr, orII. AepeBoi r(ycrapuur( c ea4are
ao noalruogecrBtru c I ru orpaaurb arar{y raur(oB E trexorar trp-Ka rrepeg trepe4uqu
KpaeM E Ee AOnycTtrTbero trpoprrBa B EatrpaBneEtrEop. 4, AaqR.
Ilo.noca orE.E: crrpaBa - .suttr, oa. Cunee, cJreBa- org. AepeBo, yron Jleca
<,(,anrurr, otronfiTenbxu cenrop o6crpura - nnpano op. 2.
Vqacrox cocpeororreuuoro orufl - r(ycrapnun, op. 4. flpouexyror
c I ncn
o6ecueqnrr oruen EMII.
4. Cupaaa Ea Brc.<Itpyrnao trepexoArr n o6opone I Mcs. Ero neBaff rpauuqa
troJrocrornfl - Batr. cxaru nnc. <KpyrlarrD, op. 3. Ilpouexyrofi co 2 ucB o6ecueqrsaer orseM EM[I.
Cresa 3 rucr o6oponaercff Ea anc. <flprgopo?rcuaffr. Ero npanar rpaxtrqa tronofloqpa.tge.resqrr

g Oorc 139

troJrocn orus - Bocr. cr(arH nrrc. <Ilprgopo{satr), op. I. Ilpouex5ruox co 2 ucr

odectrequBaer ornen EMII.
Iororsocrs - 17.00 22.6. lloenq'uu or4enena o6opy,qonarr x 23.@ 22.6.

co 2 rrcn o6eeueqrsaer orueM

cr orE - Bocr. cl(afin Bblcorr, op. l. Ilponexyror
BMTI.
I rs aaxruaer orueBrre rroaffquu: oAEEM TaEr(oM- c3aAE ffM, BToprM- 200 u
ga KycraputrKoM, rperbtrM - y Aoporu ctrpana. Vcacror cocpegororreunoro orns PaBBrnI(a AOpOr.
trp-Ra B PaoEe
5. Aprulreprr Boctrpeqaer cocpeAoroseEEetr paBBeprEnBaEEe
oa. Cuuee, ,{y6ua, Bugxoe, Ee Aotrycxaer ero arar(E B EatrpaBnenl{n op. 5, nuc.
<flnocxas>, yuuqrox(aer trp-Ka, Br(JIr{FIrBIrIerocffB trpoMetr(yror c I Mcs.
B uosl ra 23.6 canepu ycrauaBnrlBaror MtrEEbre[onff trepeA lrepepuu Kpaeu
o6oporn porn.
6. Orgenrurle rpytrrrbl trp-fia, trrraroquecff Becrtr paaBe4ny EntrtrpoAen[rBarb
trpoxoAhr B sarparr(AeEtrEx, yElrtlTo)r(arb orEeM elr{ypErx orEeBblx cpeAcrB c aatracELTX

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cpeqcrB aaunMaer xo4 coo64eul{F tr orneM ro {aarr no naauuogefrcrBtru c I rrlcs u
t rn ynnwoxaer trp-Ka.
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7. Iomrrocr crcreMrr orEE - 17.00 22.6. lloauqnu orgeuenn o6opy4ouatr
r 23.00 22.6.
Cnrnarni
n 6oro - roJrocoME parera Kpacroro orrff;
onoBeqeEu - corJracEo raonfiqe;
qeneyRasaErre - TpacctrpylorqtrME trynflMtr tr cEapfAa.Ms B EarrpaBJreEtrEqenE.
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r(oMauEpaI rn - <yxer>.
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8. Bauecrrrenb - ftoMar4up 2 r'rcn.
Cocromre 2 Mcs ra 15.00 22,6. Jllrwwu cocraBou BaBoIIyxourrnertfoBaa Ea
7596, EMII 2-ro ot4e,rernn rpe6yer rexyqero peMorra'-^Boerpnracon - 0,6 6r
xa xax4nr sEA opyrnrn. Cpegcrna Baqrrhr ot OMII - l00s/o ' Pywrrx rpaxar EerB l-u orgeneuuu EerlcnpaBeu tryJreMer, B 3-u - rpaEarotvrer.
VgcneErre BaIIarrE
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ero [epe4oBr{x- troApasAeneuz soauoxes c ytpa 23.6. .(,eicrnr.a paaaeAuBarenbgrrv
troApasAeneEunp-xa BoaMorr(ErB nroooe BpeMfl.
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EacryrrJreurre. Iloamuy Eeo6xo,qtrMo ycunsrb na6,nro4eune, trpoBeprrrb antrqtretr
EctrpaBEocrb cpeAcrB garqrrrr, ycftopnrb odopygonaune otropEoro tryEfiTa B trErr(eEepEoM orEomeElrn.
Bnnog: Eeo6xoAtrMo trororoBrb ysacron cocpeAoroqexroro orn BBBoAanycrapnar(, poqa. IIpr opranusaqutr na6lrogewrr oco6oe BsEMaEIreygenzrb necy
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'II-3 sa BMII 2-ro orgelennx.
cocraBoM sa 75o/o, 6oenoft rexsuro - ra
2. Banog yr(oMrrnexToBax JTEIIBrM
100%, 6oenpflrracaMtr - 0,6 6r. Heo6xognnro x rlcxoAy AEff lrotroJlntrlr 6oenpnnacrr
Ao EopMhr, opraunaoBarb rexyqz peMoET EMII 2-ro orAeJreEE,cporrno BrlaBar
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(EMn) [p-Ra, crpeJrxoBoe opytxtre BaBoAa troaBoJrger yrlrqtorr(trTb rrexory Irepe
ifpontou o6opouu.
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ollsoro raEKa B otropEoM tryEI{Te rIoBBoJIrIor trpotlEo yAepmrrBarb ouopswft ayEna
tr ycEeltrEo BbrtroJrErlTbtocTaBneEEyro aaAaqy.
3. Cupana o6opourercr I ucr, xotoprr ue gonycxaer trpopbrra raurtoB rr uexoru
n ranpannenull oa. Cuxee, or4. AoM, c.neaao6opouaercs 3 uco, xotopufr Ee AotrycRaer trpop6rBa rrp-Ra B EatrpaBneEtru [y6ua, Ilosusra. Orasasre orqeno troMor4r
coceAy cJreua BoaMornEo otueM 3-ro orgeaearn.
Brrnog: AnE o6ecueceuns trpaBoro E JreBoro ifrauror BsBoAa trpeAycuorperb
c r(oMau4upou3 lrcn, oco6esso
ororr EM[I, corJracoBarbnonpocu BsaI{MoAecrBE
c KoMaEAEpou{ ncs.
4. Mecrsocm trepeg a[porrolrr o6opourr BaBoA paBErIEEafi, upocuarpaBaertfl
trp-Ra
ua rny6uuy 4o 3 xu, sro rroaBo.lraercBoeBpeMeuro o6uapyxr'rrb BrABR?fieEIre
tr Becrr oroub r.{aBcex orreBblx cpegcrB Ea Aanbnocrb 4ecruurenruoro orss. Jleca
<Eepesormr u <,[a.urru> BarpyAlrror ra6.uro4enue aa trp-RoM E trosBon.Elor eMy
cxprTEo coBepmtrTb M{IseBp n orJcTpo BItrTEEa pyoe?r( aTaKtr.
Brrao4: MecrEocr B pactroJlox(enutr BBBoAaornphrraff, xopomo trpocMarpsBaeMefl co cropouhr np-xa. Ero rpe6yer or Jrurluoro c,ocraBa co6nro4enufl MacxspoBnn
E rrE)r(eEepEoroooopyAoBaEnE rrosEqull.
5. I{cxo4x ua peJrbea Mecrxocrn, Earrlcra JrecoB' Mo)Itso rrpegtronorrtut' qro
sau6o.uee.Bepofitrrr geftctnur 6oenrrx BeproneroB rrp-Ka co clopoutr neca (Eepeaonrr> n neca <,[alrsu> s EarrpaBnerutr Brrc. (flnocraffD.
Bpeux cyrox - AeEb, troroga rracMypna c npoffcrexqMn, reurleparypa Boagyxa EeDr 20-22", rosrro 16-18o.
P e m e s n e

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lr(erae rrp-xy Ea py6e*(e pBBa.IrEEr,
ero raEKoB ll rrexorr B Eatrpanneulru suc. (flnocxaffE' Aastr.
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Horrparaxy Eamux rroApaBAenernft noggepxarB orneu c Mecra, a B cry.rae

reodxoguuocrs uo Moe ftouaEge coruecrso arao BoccraEoBETl yrpatrerrbre
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Cursarm:
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py6erre, Ilepegnufr Kpa o6oporbr trpoxoAur rorrfi. otryrrrxa Jreca (EepeBoBrr,
KycrapntrK, poqa, ,{y6ra. flepe4 trepe,qnnMxpaeu o6opour ycragonJrosrir utrEuoEaprrBEbro SarparKAeEr{fl.
gou, 4- - porqa, 5-fr
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or4. AepBo, ceB. crarlr nuc, <Ilpn4opoxsarl.
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rrf(pyraanl, onoprH tryEKr cooepa crreBa - Ea BLrc. <Ifpugopoxxaar.
3. Ilo;roca org BBBoEa:trpaBa - EMrr, oa. Cmee, cJreBa- orA. AepeBo, yron
aeca *,(aaruur. ,{,ouoaxule;rrsH oerrop o6crpena - EMr,tdoor.
Ilepe4 rfpoumn o6opouu BsBoAa cuJraMu Eg2r(euepEo-canepro porrr 6y4yr
ycrrgoD;reurr rdruno-BapbrBrrle aarpalrlenus.
B trpouerr(Jrrftar Metrqy oooeou
crrpaBa E cJrea6ytryr ycrasonneEu upoBonornre aarpatftAeEtrf,.
4. l-uy oreneEuro o6oporxrr trouqtrxr ff!ftr, oBpar c Ba4aqefi Ee Aotrycrnt
upoprBa np-Ka B EarrpaBneFEr KycrapEar( <E:rnr*rrr, garn.
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rwfi cexrop o6crllena - B EatrpBJreEuE op- 2Sauacnas uoduqun B ro4e coo6qeunn - ifponmn Ea Bhrc. (Hpyrrrafl].
Ilonoca orE: ctrpala - r(ycraprax, org. AoM, cJreB- RycrapEEK, BFrc.
rHpyriranr.
,[,ononunre.nrnn cexrop o6crpena - B EatrpasJIeEEE nycrapEura.
Iloouqun BMII J.l! 110: ocxossas - B onoe neuee M. Cexrop o6crpeaa: ocEo4:-.
noi - oB. CREeo, op. 3, AouonEurenrsr - B EatrpaDneEtrEop. 2.
Sanacnaq uostrqns 200 u caagn ocEoBEo. Cexmp o6ctpena: ocEoBEo - org.
Aou, Bhrc. <ftpyraaxr, AorronEnTnbau : B arrpaBJreluu Kycrapunxa.
Cocpegorovenurr oroxr ororoBtrrb - r{ycrapuur (BnEraEEt, Bneao 50.
2-uy a 3-rry oreaennffu Baatru yrtasrBarlrcfi n ro xe uocregoBarenbEocrn, lmo
E l-My orgeneEtrKr.
5. Oronw Ea orAeneEdr, orneBrirerroauqn EMII u ragra o6opyAosarr x 23'00
22.6,6nnrgarr E rprlueu Bo BaBoAe- R yrpy 23.6. tt yrpy rrqarnbxo sauacfttpoBerb Bce rrororoBnenrre aa Eotrb o6oponnreasrtre coopyrr(ennfl.
6. Mecm KHfI ronargtrpa BaEoAa100 n aa oBparox.
Boeso
l- -

t r p E r ( a aE a o 6 o p o a y

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1. Hacryu.neuue trp-Ka ox(EAaercn c EatrpaBJreEEff BtrAEoe, Aarlt. flepoxoA
D araKy c pydexa op. 2, op. I noanoxes c ytpa 23.6.
2. I up c { rr, xrsc-daramoua
o6opouxer ouopxxfr uyaxt ouc.rKpyrJraD'
arrc. *flpu4oporr(Ea), (ucl(.) gavu c aagave Ee,4orrycrlrrb tpopllBa trp-Ka B xaEpeaneElln op, 5, gava.
142 rnasa rpeu,n

ILallase.Eeuns s 6orc 143

B xo4e o6oponnrenrsoro 6o.s ua6rngeuue Eecrtr BceMy nnrruoMy cocraBy.

or4e;renuii Aor{JragruarbMEe rre}reAnenuo o Mecrax pactroJrorxelfouaxlnpav
aprrra.lepufrcfirlx, [pornloraxrioBbrx tr Apyrnx orrrenbrx cpegcrB trp-Ka, o ero
n a onoprH nyrrr porH, o trorrHTr(ax o6xona onopEoro rryurtTa BaBoAa,
l8Kx(o o troAxoAe pesepBoB.
Aas gaugrrbr Jrr{rruoro cocrala or opyxnff MaccoBoro [opatr(err{fl rr Batftura,
cpegcrB EctroJrbaolarb oxorrbr, trelleRprrre yqacrrtn rparme, qe.ru,
Ittbnbrx
llunalx rr cpeAcrBa rrnAuBflAyanbnoaarqnrH. ,{o 18.00 9.6 npouecru lrx trpoloPr(y, a Taxx(e trpoBepKy AoauMeTpoB,nepeB.ffsosErxrr [poTnBoxr{Muqecr{Ex traLo10B.
Kourpoar paArroaxruBEoro oblyuexufl ntrsuoro cocraBa ocyqecranT c rroIoulbK) trrJArrBEAyanbstrrxAoBuMeTpoE.
I{ nxxeueprouy o6opygoraurro rosnqh upucrynnrb Eette4nerro. lluxeueplue pa6orn uepno oqepeAr Bar(oErrurbx 23.00 9.6, nropoft ocepeAu - n 5.00 10.6.
Bce pa6orH rrpousBognfb c co6aro4exuex uep 6eaonacnocrn. O snnornesuu nnrr(efoprrbrx pa6or 4ox;ragHBarb MBe repea 2 vaca.
Ha6.nrogeuuesa BoBAyrtrErM
trp-r{oM Becru c EMII u ra6;uogareaxrr.
.Il;rx uacnuporxn EMII, ofiorroB, rparurei n HHII lrctroJrbaoBarb rropyrrxre
cpeAcru. B xoge o6op-ornrenrnoro 6os xaEelp ocyqecrBnffTb cnpbtrrto, rrctronby
lpalrlllerr II xoArd cooorqeEtrfl.
rexuuqecxoe
H 19.00 BMfI aanpansrr ICM Ao Eopur, npoBecrrr erKeAEeBEoe
o6cayxnnauue, An peMorrra EMII J\i tt2 r uouotrIb rrpuBnelrr, uexantrr(a-BoAr{ren.E
6opr6r c raEKaMtr Ea
2-ro orgeaenua. EoenpuuacH uotroJrEnrb Ao EopMbr. filr
xarr(oe orAeneElre IrMeTb tro rrT npoTEBoraEI(oBbIx rpaEal.
Ilepryro MegrroMorrlbpaaerbrM E rroparfternbrM aarrtnraroJrbgrMopyrfiseu o$aBuaarb B trop.E4re EaaflMotroiloqn, llcrroJrbayff MeAt,lrtaMenTbr
u rrepeB.EaoqEuftuatJprran. Txxe.rropaxerhrx nocJre oftaaaxrs nepuofi Me4noMorrg oBaxyrrpoBar tro
rogy coo6qeur4fi Ea I{HII xouauqnpa BaBoAa.

O6opona

6oonoro

o6ece!teEEf

sero E Ka'KAoM
Paane4ry Ao EaEaJIa arar(E IrPKa secru na6arogeutreut Anfl
np-ra ua6aro4euogroronru
orneno
Ci"".*"
or^eneE'tr
"rooi"i*i'.
bMlr'
EaBOAqUKAM-OtrepaTopaM
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1,44 raaua rperu

uperpaqu

Bo4uue trperpar B aaBuctrMocru or rtrtrpnnlr u rnyduxu rroaBoJrflror

opraHEsoBarr o6opony MeEbruuMuctrJraMtrxa 6olee IIIuponoM {poure.
flogpaa4e.ueutrff o6brtruo BanrrMaroro6opony rra cBoeu 6epery. Opea,tuaAn o6opony BoArro trperpaghr, r(ouax4trp daraJrrosa (porrl) Kpoue
trpoBeAeEtrfi o6IsHbrx uepollprrflTE rayvaer cocronHrre ee 6eproB, oIIpAcntrer rtrtrpuEy, rny6uEy, cKopoclb retreHrrfl xapaKTep AEa, a rax,fte flarErrtre 6po40n tr yqacrKE, y406nne gna {opcnpoBasu.fl no4xo
nperpaAbr.
Peruenuexa o6opouy, 6oerrre aaAaqu, cxcreua orrrfl tr rropfiAox BaatrMoAeftcrBIIfl EaMerrarorcfi, Naft trpaBtrJro, tro Kapre. B uoc.negyrolqeM,
xar( ToJIbKorIoSBoJIurodclalloBKa, Bce arE Botrpocbl KoMaEAEp6aranroxa (poru) yroqurrer rretrocpeAcrBenuoEa Mecrxocru B xoAe pcxoruocr{upoBxu.
Ilepegnufr rpaft odoporbr Morr(er rrpoxoAnrb EetrocpeAcrBerruo rro
6epery, BoaMo?nuo6.uuxe x ypesy BoArxnn tro BbrroAnouy pydexy na
Irexoropou yganentrn o Hero. Ha 6epery ycrpatrBarorc.ffaarpalrAenrrfl. u
BbrcrBJrserc.ff
6oeDoe oxparreEEe. Ha orAe.nrnhrx yqacrftdx Moryr cosa-

lbr orEeBbrx cpeAcTB.

xa6.nro4atr aa troffBnertreM pnreErx Ea troJre 6os n Ao5, Crpenxy-caxntaqy'o.xaailsari
EM trepByro MeArlquEcxy-ro-"-: :-q"-i" Mecr' aaME.
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f0lu-*"0

1662

Ilopaseneuua s rtorc 145

rrfllcrBtrs Anfl. r{acrynroqero trporrrBEEl(a odopoHa daranrona (poru)

opraunayerca rra 6ouee urupoxou rfiponre. Boesofi nopagor 6aranrona
peaepBa Ao ycrneEHoro
crpollrcfi o6LtsHo B oAHE gtrIerroHc BbrAeneEI{eM
BBBO4.

Ilpu o6opono BoAEo ilperpabr Batr{EoeBnaqenne trMeer yMeno opraIruBoBaHEafl cucnLeila.o?nf,,, r.oropaff AoJIlr(Haodecuesnrr fiopax(eurre
rrport{BHr{Ka trpII rroAxoAe x soAHo nperpAe B EtxoArrIx paonax g.un
r[opcrpouannfl E Ea cBoeM 6epery.
flogcrynu n no4noft lperpage, BepKaJIo no4nr, oco6euno yrracrxu,
ygo6nue g;rn rfopcllpoBaHnff, AoJr]r(rrrllpocrpeJll.rBatrcn {aanroBbrM E
nepexpecrubrM oruelr. Ha uosr qacrb rannon, 6oenntx MmEE llexorbr,
Ilporr{BoraHKoBhrx r{ Apyrtrx orHeBbrx cpencrB rloMo)r{er BbrABrilarbcfl rra
BpeMonr{rleorneBiletroatr4rrtr, 6nuxe x 6epery, a K paccBery, orBo,qurbcfl EA OCHOBHre
Orr{eBf,retro3trrlnE.
Ha yuacrxx, rAe BoBMo?r(Ho$opcuponauue trportrBrrxorr no.qao
uperpaAr, ocodenno ero raHKaMu n6po4 tr troA soAo, coaAaerc.EEaadontmas rrJloruocrb [poruBoranr(oBofo ornfl , ycrpatBIorcfi Barpa]fiAefrrrs.u opranr{ayrortn aaca4hr. Ha npauyxr EaBoAKy BbrAeJrflIorcffTaHKE,
EMII, ycranoBxtr IITyP E Apyrue orueBbre cpe4crBa.
l\nn paaeerca nportrBnnra B o4paaAenenrffx opralruayercr HenpepbrBnoena6rrogeuue, oco6eRuoBayqacrxMH, ygodnrMngnr SopcrpoBrruq, E 3a troAcTynaMr(K nurrr. flpu oTcyTcTBnuHellocpeAcTBerrEoro
cotrpuKocrroBerruflc trporEBEtrKoMHa fiporrrBouonoxnrr 6eper nopno uperpa4u or 6aranbona o6rqnorncu.rraercs 6oero paaoegurareurnrrfi goaop .
oLH,outeHuunaa6oJlee troJnro o6opygyrotcff otropnre
B itntceu,epH,oJtr
uyrrnrbr, trprlxpbtBaroque ygo6nbre Anff Sopcupoeantrs yqacrr{t.
Sarpaxgerur.E coaAanrcr B Mecrax, y4o6nnx Anff nepenpaBhr ranKoB tr AecarrroB rra trepe[paBoqnbrx cpegcrBax, Tar(x(e a rly6une o6opoHbr rr HanpaBnerrEnBepofilHoro HacrytrJrerrE.E
trpoTtrBrrf,r(4,trpoBoAnrcfi MrrnrrpoBanue 6eperon. [Ipu odopone trnaq4apMa r,r MocroBIx trepetrpau B orroprbrx rrynrrax ycrpar,rBanrcfl oxorrhr Anfl rauron, EM[[,
IITyP rr yxphrrnfl Arfl rtrqxoro cocraBa, 6oenpunacoB E Apyrrx MareplraJlbHbrx cpeAcrB.
BaaruoqeficrBrre opranuayercfl na o6qnx trptrHqtrnax. [Ipu arou oco6oe sxnuanse yAeJrffercfl corJracoBanuroAecrnu uoqpaaeneru c orEeM ApTEJIJrepm IIO yEErITOrfieEHrOHacTytrarcIqer0 trpOTUBEUKEa yqacrrax, y4o6unx gla {opcupoBanrrfl.
Begenue o6oponrr r ocodux ycJroBufix.
B

r o p o A e

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E B odllcrrx yc.rroBrrflx.HenocpegcrBenuo B ropoge o6opoua coo4aerc
Ea Bcro ero ray6uny.
146 rn"ua

"p"tu"

Ilocmpoenue o6opottw B ropoA aaBucur or ero paauepoB, rurauupoaxH, pacrroJrolKeErrfllopocKtrx coopy}Itesu u ocEoBsrxMartrcrpaJrbfHX yJrrlq.
Morocrpe;rxonu 6atanron o6rrqno o6oponner paou o6opoutr,
lx;rrcuaroqufi oAIIE unu Eecr(onbxo KBapraJroB, unu oAEo-Ana oco6o
trporrnhrx u HpytrIrbrx BAaEEfl.Pota o6oporrffer otropxrr uyuxt, xotopn
Ernroqaer KBapraJr, oqrro trnu Eecr(onbxo r(pyrrnbtx a4auu, trptrctroco6lonnr,rx x rpyroaoft o6opone. BsnoA o6opouaer oAEo-ABa sAaIrIr.
ts or4enbnbrx cJryqaflx 4nn odoponrr orropnoro trynxra uoxer 6urr
EASHAqeEycUi-rerrHbrfrMoToclpeJrKosraanoA.
Pafrouu o6oponu E orropnrenyrrxTbr o6opygynrcfl rax, sro6br onn
EepeKpr;rBanuMarEcTpaJrblrbreynrrqH, trnoqaAl{, Moorhr tr T. A. ,ll;rn CoaAanurr otropnIx tryEKroB rrctronbaylorcR oco6o ilpoqnbre yrJroBbre 3Anvrn c noJrytroARaJrbHbrMnE IroABaJrbEbrMEIrOMeqeHtrffUI,IrO6eCUeqEsamtrlRME BoaMornnocrr o6crpena ynu4 tr uroqage. Ouopurre tryEKrrI
troAroraBntrBarorcff r xpyrono o6opone u AoJr)r(E[trMerb orHeByro
cBsab Me?fiAy co6o. B nux coaAarcrcfi AouoJIEErenbELreBatracu 6oeu Apyrux
trpntracoB, trpoAonoJrbcrBus, rrnTbeno no4nr, MeAtrKaMeEToD
uareptranbEbrx cpeAcrB.
B uponexyrxax
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Eapyrorcfi tr trpocrpentrBanrcl tfnanrorHu u nepeftpecruru orneu. JIerKtre trocrponu, uemaroqne ua6;rrogeutrro tr BeAeEEIoolnf;, paBpymanrcn.
,{nn uanenpa troApaBAeJreEtrflMEBuyrptr RBapraJroB ycrpf,Balorcf;
trpoxoAll, a Tarcffie EctoJrbSyroTcfi troASeMEreCoopy)Iteflug. n NoJrJIer(Topr. B rro4aeMarxcoopyrr(euuflx, Ee f,ctronbayeu[rx Anff MaEeBpa, ycrptrBa()rcfl Sarp?fiAeFtrE,a rro B[ilxoAaMtr3Eux troroTaBJrtrBaerctofoEb.
Ctnmexa oarus,6atatrora (poru) crponrcs Ea coqerantrz S;rauroaoro tr trepexpecrnoro orufi crpenxoBoro opyrntrff, opygl, Br,qeJrerlrhrx
AJrfl crpenb6u npauoi saaoAxo, raxr(ol, EMII, a raxr(e ornn IITVP,
rpalraroueroB, orreMeroB u aprtrnnepllu, pactronoil(enno xa Sanprrblx
ofEeBbrx uoSrrrlnflx.
flogpaage.nerrufl, aaguuaroquo odopory B lrrrorosra?r(Eritx aAantrfix,
oronb opranuavror B rrecxoJrbxo flpycoB, c rex qto6u Bc,e trogcrynhr
x otroprrhrMrrynxrax (aganunu) pocrpeJruBaJrf,cb.IIpn aro*r 66.nruras
rracrb orHeBhrx cpeAcrB, B ToM sEcre orleJrbEbre opyAufl, paaMeqarcTcs B rrronuux aralr(ax aganufr tr tronytroABaxoB.
uctronbayrorcfr \nfl, Aectau rra
Tauftu, trpzganuhre 6atanrony,
EacaA uJrtr B orropEr,rx tryrrr(Tax MorocrpenKoBbrx por.
Orneshre uoanquu rarrxoB, BMII (ETP) u opygnfi, Brlgenerrtrbrx;Ins
crpelr6rr upnrrro sasoro, noAroraBJruBalorcr odLrsuo 8a KaMeHHbTME
aa6opauu E crerraMa, B KoropHx rrpoAerhrDarorct E rqarenbrlo Macl(Ilpyrcrcn au6paaypbr.
Oruesue noauqntr IITyP E rpauaroilerou nu6nparorcfi B ranrlx lrec,Tax, orr(yAa odecueqrBaercf, BoauoTriuocrb BeAeEsff orEfl B4onb ynuq
u nroqa4e.

lo.

Io4paarenegrn

a 6on 147

nepeBairoB, yBJroBAopor tr ;1pyrllx BarfiEbrx yqacrKoB Mecrrrocrr{. Ouop, HhrerlyHKrbr AoJrTr{H[r

uMerb xpyroByK) o6opony. B upouexyrKax Meifirry
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ycTparrBaroTc.sMlrHEo-BSpbrBEbre
SarpatItAeIII{q.
o6opy oeanuu otropnhrx nynr(roB {opru{unaqr{onllpu un uceuepH,oJrL
HbrecoopyEreHEflB cKaJrbrrbrxrpyHrax ycTpaqBaroTcfirrpeEMyqecTBeHHO
uo.nysar.ny6Jrenrrororr Haclrrrnoro rrrna c upr,rMerreur{eM
KaMH.Er[ trpr,rrpbrBarorcn cJroeMrpyflTa u MerrrxaMrrc ae{ne.
Oxonlr, yrpbrrr{f tr ApyrrTe coopy(errr,rn
o6opy4yrorc.E ran, qro6r,r racNJlloqrrrb BoaMoEtlrocrbBareKaEI{.aB Hr{x Ba?{tlrrareJlbublxcrueceE Bobr.
.[nx saqr,rrbr or opytrrfl MaccoBoro rtopa]rienr{fl npracnoca6ntrtsaorc
roprrbre nnpa6orxu, ueqepbr u [pyrue ecrecrr]enrrr,re yr(prrr{.{.
Ocnonnrre ycr.ilvfl cocpelororrr{Barorcs ua yeptcanuu swcom, pacIroJrox(enHbrxHa rroAcrytrax K nepeBaJrM.9acru cr{JrBanrrMaero6opouy
Ha rroAcryrrax K trepeBany, qacrr' - fla rrepeBane. Ha Aopofax, II0Axo[flqEx n nepeBaJry, ycTpatrBaroTcffSarpaE{Aerruq,rroAxoAbrK KoTopbrM
trpocrpeJruBaroTcfl rrepeKpecTHbrM orEeM.
[Iepe4uu xpa odoponrr ueo6xo4uMo Haanasarb rro cKnoHaM ropnbrx
xpe6ron; Bbrcor tr orporaM .rop, o6ecueqr.rBaroquM xopourn o6crpe.n
\
trogcTyrroo K Hr,rM.
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npocrpaHcrB rr cKpbrrhrx rrocrynots.
Ornesbre cpe;1crBapacrroJraralorcs flpycaMtr fiaR Ha cxarax Bblcor,
o6paqeuunx fi [porr{Bxrrr(y, TaK rr rra o6parnux cr{arax, o6ecne.ruua.E
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Aprurnepucxue rroApageJre'aflBagrrMaroror'eBrro trogrrquu B rrap

ftax, fla unoqa[flX, CraAEoEax u B ApyrEx MOCTAX,OTI(yaO6ecnesu_
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c BoaAyrlrrrbrlr rrporrrBEurcoM, paaMeqarorcf Ea Kpbrrnax sgauu, rAe AJrfl
uux o6opy4yrorcfl trnoqaAKn. Ha6;rrc4arenbEre rrocrbr (nadrroAarenu)
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Opranuaya. o6opony B ropoe, H,oMaHAtrp6ara.rrroua (poru) xpo_
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O6oponume.oaHwfr6o na troAcrylax K ropoAy Be4ercff ra6 x(e,
KaK tr s o6rrsnbrx ycnoBusx.
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opy?r(ufl c trrr{poKr4MnptrMerreHneM orEeMeToBq p)rqHrx rpaEaT.
IIpu y4epxaurru otropuoro tryunra (aqauun) araryroqu trportrBEEK
AoJr)I(eE6rrrr aa4epxaE rra rrHr(eEeprrbrx BrparfiAeEEqx n yHtrrrrorr(eEEa
IloAcytrax K oIIopHoMy tryEKry orHeM Bcex cpeACrB IIoApaBAeJrerrE.E.
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Bo negercn Ba y4epxanr{e xa?fiAoto BaHrrF,aa xarx4uft ora}ft r{ Ka}fiAyn
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rr Apyrue orHeBre cpeAcrBa, Eaxo.ffqr{ecs BEe 3AaHtrfl, Boctrpeqa()T
troAxoA K IIeMy pepBoB rrporEBHrrr(a.
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orEeM BCeXCpeACTB
u yHrrrrTolxeTcs peruErenrno KoHrparar(o aroporo aruenoua (peaepna) 6aranroxa.
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148 f""""

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flopse.rrenu)s 6o11 149

r r e c y

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152 1;1ns2 1ps1s5'

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Ilepaw (ocruoeno) nepuo Anrrcff or Eaqaila ABtrrr{eutrfluynu (cnapa4a) 4o MoMeEra troJrrroro cropau.fi uopoxoBoro aapnga. B Haqalre
trepuo;1aaauynrur-rfr (aacuapa4nn) o6reu trB-Ba MaJrofrcropocru ryru
(caapr4a) yBelru.rrrBaercff MeAJreHEee,qeM trpotrcxoAtrT trpurox raaoB,
troerouy AaBJreEueraaon 6nrcrpo Eapacraer u Aocrsraer uardoarmeft ney crpenroBoro opyrlttrff ouo cocraBJrffr 2800JrrqtrEhr (narpruep,
2900 nr/cua). 9ro AaBJreEeEaarilBaerc.EMaxcuMJrbnrru. Osocoa4aerofl
y crpeJrnoBoro opyrrtrrff rrpu trpoxolr{Aerur uyne 4-6 cu uyru (cuapxoM - paccroffHsl 4-L0 na.ru6pon). BAanruemeM Bcne4crnue BEarItrreJrbuoro yBennqeuu.E cr(opocrrr ABtrlnerrtr.snyar (caapn4a) u sanyJIbEoro (aacnapx,quoro) odreua aBJrenrrenaAaer. B ronqe ropeutr.E tropoxa
AaBJreEueraaoB cocraBJrffer trpuMepno 213 llLancnv.aJrbnoro AaBJreuu.fl.
Ctopocrr B aror MoMeEr cocraBJrfler trpuMepuo 3/4 daqamxo cxopocTv..
Brnopoit, nepuo Nrvrcfr or MoMerrra troJruoro cropauufi Bap.EAaAo
(cuapr4a) ua RarraJracrBona. Cxarnre tr EarpeMoMerrra BrJreralylu
TbIe ra3br, xoTfi trpuToK ra3oB E upexpaTr{ncff, pacmtrp.ffIoTcfl tr, oRaabrnafl ABneHue Ea nyJrro (crapx4), yBeruqtrBaror cxopocrb ee ABulKeaua. Cra4 AaBJreErffrrpotrcxo4trr dnrcrpee, qeM B Koqe rrepBoro treptro4a. .{y.rrrnoe aBnextre cocraBJrffer y opy4uff ll3, y crpeJlr(oBoro opyx.as ll5 Mar(crrMalrbnoro AaBJresz.s. V
Hoporr(ocrBoJlbuoro opyx(nfi
(rarpuuep, y trucroneron) nropo trepo4 upar(rruecfiE orcyrcrByer,
rR ftaft tryn.fl Bbrneraer tr3 opylaus parrbrtre,qeM cropaeT necr uopoxono
3apflA.
B mpernunepuo (ueprog uocre,4efrcrnuR) raau, trcreraff uB KaEaJra
crBoJra co cropocrbro {200-2000 u/c, upo4onrr{ar)r aoagecrnoaarbrra
rynro (cnaps4) Ao rex trop, uoxa ctrJraux AaBJreEtrnne 6y4erypaBuoBemena cu.rro cotrporrrBneuuq Boayxa, ;1ecrnyroq,efr na nyrro (crapn4).
B eror [eprroA uo4 4ecrnueM nopoxoBrx raaoB tryJr.ffHa yqacrrte B uee'KoJIbKoAecffrxoB cauruMerpoB, a cnapsA na yqacrxe 5-10 M IrpoAoJIfi(aeT

paSIOH.ETbC.S.

flocre trpoxo?fiAenu.EAynbuoro cpeaa opyxru.E uynr (cuapxg) urrleer

MAKCuMaJrbHyrO
CftopOCrb.
Cuostrentreu reMrreparyphr tropoxoBoro saptrAa yBentrquBaerc.s
cftopocTb ropeEtr.s tropoxa, a rrosToMy yBenrllrtrBarurcff MaKcuMaJrbrroe
aBneEEe E EaqaJrbrrafi caopocr.
Eaua,noruaa cnopocmb - aro cxopocr ABzlfteutrff uynu (cuapn4a)
y yJrbEoro cpeSa crBona.
3a nee trpurruuaercff ycnoBua.E cr(opocrb, noropaff troflyrraerc.E pacser160 1s2pu rrerBepraff

f,HM nyreM. Oua r.rsMepflercflB Merpax B cenylrAy (nic). HavaJlbnafl

cxopocrb xa.ru6epnrrx tryJIb Ir crapflAoB cocraBJlfler 700-1000 rtlc, uogNaln6epHr,rx cuap.ffAoB- 1400-1600 r,ric n 6oree. Snaqenue naqa.nr,so
cKopocrr.rAaerc.s n ta6nraqax ctpe.nr6u E TaKTr{Ko-rexulrqecnlrx xapal(TepncrnKax.
llaqarnHatr cftopocrb sBJlflercs o4no ua nfinemux xapaxreptrcTnK op)'x{r{fi, Koropafi onaarBaerBJIrrsHtreHa ero 6oenr'recaocrna. flpu
yBoJrHrreutrn naqalrHo cfiopocrtr yBerlrquBarorca aJlblrocrb lroJrera
u y.nu (cuapxga), uactuJlbnocrb rpaeft ropl{r{, uopaxtaeMoe upocrpaucrBo'
6polrenpodnBaeMocrb cflapfloB yAaprloro 4ecrnua, y6ofrnoe u upo6unBrremHlrx ycnonu
uoe Aecrnr,relryJrtr, a rax)r{e yMerrbllraercfl r,Jruflraure
xa roJler uynr (cHapnga).
Ue.rrrrsufla saqarunofr cnopocrr{ uyau (cnapa4a) aanucur or AnErH orBoJra, Maccbl uylu (cnapr4a), reuueparyphl u BJla?fiHocrtrtropoxoDoro aap.Ega,cnofrctr uopoxa. 9eu Arurunee crBoJr, relr 6onrmee BpeM.ff
tu uy,rrro(crapr4) qecrnyrot uopoxoBrre raabr reu 6oarme EaqaJrblraff
c,r{opocrb. llpu uoctonnno 4.urauecrBoJIa r{ trocro.ffrlrrouacce tropoxonoro BapffAaHaqaJlbnaffcxopocrb reu 6o.nrrue, qeM MeHr,me racca tryJrtr
(clrapnqa). ?lgueuenr,re Maccbr tropoxoBoro aap.AanplrnoAlrr n uaMelrelI K rrSMeHeEuroBera3oB, a cJreAotsareJlbrro,
IrOpOXoBbIx
ilHru KOJII,IqecTBa
JttrqfirrbrMar(crrMaJrbrroro
AaBnelrl{g B r(anaJrecrBoJIa rr HaqJrbuo cxopocTll.

.(an.irenne uopoxoBbrx raaoB, gecrnyroqe Ha tryJlro (cuapr4), o6ecnortr{Baer trpuAaEDe e uoctyuare,nluo cHopocrE' a raK}xe cKopocrE
gecrnyroqee B rrporlrBonoJlornflyrccropony'
$paqeulrff.,(aueHue,
coSAaer cIIry orarlr{.
opyrr(ufl l{aaa4 (n opyAlrlr orr(arr{brx vacte) iloA
/lnuxenlre
gefictnueu curbl orgarlrr HaarilBaercs omave (n opy4zu - onlnarnon).
ilpn crpelrl6e na ctpenroBoro opyxtrfff clrJra orAaqu oqyrqaercfl pyl(oE'
Sneprux ora.lu reM
IlJrerIoM, 4eftcroyet Ha ycrarroBr(y nnlr rpynl.
6o.nrme, qeM Moquee opyx(ue. V pyunoro crperxoBoro opyxcns orAsa
odhrqno He rrpeBblmaer 2 nr/u u BocnprrunMaercfl crpeJr.flrorqnrrl6ea6oJICSIIEIIHO.

Cs.rra AaBJreEu,r rropoxoBbrx raaon (cuna o.rqavu) rr cEJIa coupo(yflop llptrHnaAa' pyrt|nJreHlr.s or,rlaqe, B opyArrflx - orHary
Norrrxrr, qerrrp rfl)Kecrt opyxtlr.fl u r. A.) pacnoJlolmeHhlHe rra oAsofr
npnuoft
uanpan.trelrbrB nportrBouoJlox(trble croporlbr. O6paayloqarcn
"
eToM
npu
AuHaMllqecxafl trapa cr,IJrupr,rBoAr{Tn Bo3rrnKlroBerrtrIoyrJIOEoro trepeMeqenufl oppfiu.s. Otr.tlouenufl Molyr rar(a{e upoucxo4uTb
rfcJrcllcrBue Bilvrfllanfi gefrcrnun aBToMarI{Ku crpeJlnoBoro opyxttr.s rr AtrltMnrrecxoro lrsru6a crBoira rrpr{ AB[HeHr4r{ rro HeMy IryJIrI r4Jrlrcuap.flAa'
Uru upuunuI 11puBog.srH ofipaaonarullo ylila 1{e2fiilyHIIpaBiIeHI{eMocll
|{sllaJra -CrBoJIaAO BIcTpeiIa II ee HanpABJIeHIiIeMB MOMelIr IlbI.'IeTa IIyJIU
(crraprga) rrB KaHaJr crBoJra. Sror yro;r rraBlilBaercl AarloJlr sd1ren1a'
Crpell6rr).
(lro.nnurana e1o B Beprllxanruo
trrlot11ocrl4 Aaercfl n radluqax
lllrunnue yrJra BbrJrera Ha crpeJrbfiy y fiat'fiAoro eli3eMlrJr.fipa opyx{u.E
Ilpasuaa

ctpensdr,r 16l

ycrpanf,erc.E rrpn trpEBeAeEtrE ro x EopunBnroMy 6oro. O4uaxo upu

EApyIIIerl trE rrpaBtrn trp EKna,qKu op ylK r{.8, EcII()JT6
BOBAEU.E
JruOpa, A Taftrr(e
rrpBEJr yxoAa aa opyrnf,eM a ero cdepexenna rraMerrsrorcfl Bennrruua
yrna BbrJrera n 6o opy)r{ufl. ,{,ar yuenrmenuff yrna BrJreaB crperrxoycrauaBJruBarbcfl ycrpocrna - KoMtrerc.Topbr.
BoM opylr{f,u uoryr
Ea KarraJra crBoJra rasbr, ]'apflffcb o crenr(tr Koutrencarollcrexaroqne
p, EecKonbKo otryc,fiarcT AyJrbIIyIo qacTb cTBoJtaBJTeBOE B83.
flpunquu pe&renursH,oaoeaxeruta Ectronbayercfl B srrMopeKTf,BEoM opyx(ntr, B arTtrBno-peaxTf,Bnux 6oeupruacax tr B yrrpaBlfleuux
peaxltrBEf,rx cHapsIax.
Braro4apr
trctroJrbaoBantrm peartrlBrroro In!ryeegfr
a crenftoahrx
tr pyqEhrx rparraToueTax tro.EBaJrocbMoqEoe opy}Ittre, KoTopoe ne EMeeT
or4a{s. B rpanarouerax o 75o/6 topoxoBbur raaoB B[rer(aer rrepea cotrJro rraaa4, E nff troJrJnreurrflocraroqno ua.raJrrnofr cxopocru rpanarf,l
rrptrxotrTcff B EecxoJrbr(o pas yBenf,rrtrBarb Maccy 6oenorc spala rro
cpaBnenulo c aapflAou o6rrsnoro opy(tr.n.
Anrunno-pear(TuBfl bre doeupruacu trosroJrsror rron1'.rutb uptrpaqetrEe cr(olrccTE (go 50o/s u 6o.nee) tla rroJrere Ba crrer peaxrtrBHoro nBf,rareas. B peaynbrare yBenrrrtrBaerctr Aanbrrocrr crpelr6u.
B ynparnreMbfi. peanTunnlrx cuaprAax rrptrMeuflercfi, KK trpaBuno,
ABtrIATenbEafl yCTaHOBKa,COCTOflqaffs3 CTapToBoro rr MaprlleBom pear(TllBrrhrx 4nurarure. rs Btrrarenu pa6orarcr Ea rBepou Toruruse. B (aqecrBe rouJlsBa trptrMerrflK)rcs ceqtrenbrrbre uopoxa.
Pa6ora poaxruBuoro Aourarenfi ecrb coBoxyrrnocrb ABy4 BsaulrocBffsaunbrx trpoqeccol - ropextr.fi tropoxoBoro aapflAa, rrpuueufleuoio
a Bn/{e ruamex paa;rnuno Sopurr, s ucreqenufl npo4ynroB cropanuq
trs ABurarerrr. Iopenue tropoxa upoucxoAtrT B Kalrepe cropautrfi, Koropafi aar(arrrrrBaercfl oAEEM EJrtr rrecnoJrbxuuu corulaMu. Coura rroaBo:
Jrfiror yBenurrzrb
cr(opocrb tropoxoBrx raaoB Ao 1500-2500
ulcrropoxoBoro BapfiAa B Kauepe cropanut
,{nn nagexnoro SrrcupoBatuf,
ycragaBJrtrBe rc.E 4naQpa rua, o6ecu e.sunaroqa.fl n ]rqmee ropentre uopoxo Bf,rxmartrenEtronuoeAoropaxtre Ex qacrrrq 6ea nu6poca uB ABtrrarene.

yIJroMeDry yr.nonyro eAffrtrrtry HasbrBaroleaeruuena erl1,itep a..Aenenre

geleru
npu6opon
mran
Eapear(e
trpE
rrtepo
pu sBnflerc" ta"-r"iioofi
qro IlcE
ia6.rro4enufi, trparleJruBanun n crperrl6nr (lqc, Z;' Ecnu yuecrb'
:
6,rt.\,^'o
Anrrrra onpylr(Eocrr cocraBJr.EevZrR
fi:",-.P.u;5"to
:
1?' Oxqacrb,
a EMeHEo ayta AEC : ffi
orneqaer 1/6000 ee
n*
pyrJrerrEo rrpul{l'MaK)r, qro Ayra AEC patva xope AC voId'IlI cocraBiltlyrnoMep
il, IIOOO pa4uyca R nrru AaJrr,Hocrr{.{. Iloarouy ,qeJrenl{e
mwcn+tt'oii.
IIpocTo
o6rr.rno HaabrBaroTrtrc.ssno Aa"rrbnocTrrlrJru
Tlrcsquag IIoSBoJrfieT Jrerfto lrepexoAaTb OT IISMepeHI{fi yrJIoBbIX
Benuqr,rgH ruge11bry u o6patno, Tar( KaR A.IIrlHaxopgbr' coorBercrByloqa yrnono egruurle rucqsnofr' H. Bcex paccrorrtrgx cocraeJlfler
lll000 Antrrlbl pa4tryca (rouuee, 1/955)'
up"*t"*ec*a

4-'-'
-'

grn"out
ABC -

vzrtoilepa u mulcfl,,,rafr:
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xopAa,_ BeInrIREa xoropoit

yrny B oABy lbrcfirrE-\'Io COOTBeTCTByeT
Hanpuuep,
Eaooopor' xop/la'
I u sa pccronugu .t000 r'r, 0,5 u Ia paccroffErtlt 500 M I.t r. A.-Ll
1000 tu no/{ yr'iMerorqaE JrltErrEbtl{ paBMep B : I i, 6yger onAua Ea l{anbsocrlr
Qopuy;rauu:
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fly

A: ffi,

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upuqearao
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flpr crpe.nr6e na opy+xsg, rMercqero trocroflEnoe troJroxteutre trpf,qe.nrno JTtrEEE,(uaupuuep, trB trricronera), Bce trotrpaDr(E Ea ycnoBtr.E crponb6u neo6xoprdo I rtrTrilBtb llrrrocou rorn(E trpuqenuBagng.
Ha rroporr aratre EaBoIr(u {opunpyercff JrtrEuff trptrqenBarus.
- JrnEtflffe npoxo4aqas
Jfunua npuq,etu.ea.t+u,a,
or rJraaa crpenxa (uanogrzxa) vepea trpopesb rr Mymr(y (upuqenrxyro uapry) r
roqKy trpEqenEBaEEfl.
[Ipu crpe.urde ua paaanquux BEoB opyxus lrr.nilE rrpuqenutsaxtrfl, r;r'
er cBotr oco6eusocru. V crpe;rxoBoro opyffis.ff c orxprTrMIrprqenou oEa
coagaercs tryrcr natrpaBnerrf,.E trpaqenbuo rusqq (npopear - uymna)
B rorrry rrpuqentrBagrsr rrpu crpe.nl6e tra BMII tr raENoB - tryreu coBMeqeuf,.E npuqeruno ldapr(s c roqxofr trptrqenxBalu.E.
Jknus pr4enuBagrf,
Mo)r(cr pactronararlca
nrrme(n"nx(e), upaBeo
(aenee) crBoJra opylnufl, tr rderfiAy se z ocbrc r(anaJra crBoJIa Bcer[a
Euoec.fl otrpegenerrnoe cMeIqeEEe. Bnzsnse cuerqexuff na rperudy Morret 6xrr Ecftnnrreuo BBoAoM coorBercrByroqgx rrotrpaBor. Itpoue tofor qacTuqEoe ucKJrloqeEqe BJTEffEEfl cMeqeErilff AocTtrraeTt.E corJlacoBanEeM xyreno upnqearuo Jrnnus c ocbro KasaJra crBona rrptr BIBoIF
Ke rrpqena o y4anerrno rosxe (1000-1600 u.Infl trymex s 400 M Anff
nyleueron).
Ilasoqxa Ea$rrBaerc.s nenpnxo, Korga opyrr(rrl ueo6xoAsuoe no.llo)r{eutreAnrr crpenb6H ycrauanntrBaercl no ropf,aonty c trouoqbxr aaf,Iryranbuoro yr(aaareng (yraouepa), a tro Brcore - c uouoq,nro 6oroBoro ypoEn.s. Taxas EaBoAxa trpmdeEserc trpu ctpearde c saxplrrrtrr
orueBrrx noaxt[r, Eonbrl rn B Apyrtrx ycJroBn.En, Kora qenb Ee Bf,[a
crpen.sloqeuy.
Ilpeotrna crpear6H

167

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noMoqbrc 6onosoro ypoBufl, EBoAKa HaaBaercffnotynp*uott. IfpuueHfiroT ee, Kor,qa rIeJrL Bnrra B trpr{qene Eo tro anbEocTtr Ao Eee trpeBbr_
Itraer HapesKy rtrxaJr trpr{qe,]ra.

Xapamrepucrnra

rllaerTopnr

flpra crpelr6e uo qenrM, Brcrytraroq[M HaA troBepxuocrbrr seMJrn,

BA)r(HyropoJrb B troJryqeEtrn rrotraAarrEfl B qenb trrpaer nacrrinrgocrr,
Tpaentoprru. Bcne4craue fipuBuanbr rpaerTopuu ouudru r{ orr(JrorreEvtfl, D,oaJrbnocrn BbrBErBaIoromu6xu rro Bbrcore, Korophre rrpEBoAT
K TOMy, rrTO CpeArrflfl Tpaer(Toprrs Mo)rieT oKaaaTbc.ErruEte trJru Bbrme
qeuTp rleJru rr .4ax{e Brre qenn. ,II,na rroJryqeurr.EMerrbrrrux ornnoneuu
Iro Bhrcore ua-sa oun6or{ AaJrbrrocrrrrra4o nMerb cEaps4br c BhrcorrrMu
EaqaJrbHbrMEcr(opocrflMa u rpaenTopnu 6o,ree Eacrr(Jrbrrle.
H acmut ortocnxb mp aenmopuu xapaft Tepugyercn naudoJrbrtrtrM
ee rrpenr,rmeurreMuag lunze qetu (nunuefr npuqenunaHun) .
Tpaerropzn 6onee Hacrr,rJrbrra,ecJru ona Merrbrtretro4uuMaercfl HaA JrErue qenu, tr qeM Merrr,me yroJr rra4erruq, Hacru.nbnocrb rpaer(Topuu
BJII{fieT Ea BeJII{IIUHy

AaJIbEOCTU Up.SMOIO BErCTpeJra, a Tax)Ite

Ha BeJtuqu-

Ey flopfiaeMoro r{ MeprBoro upocrpaEcrBa.

flpu npruoM BbrcrpeJrerpaenroputr uynu (cnapa4a) xa BceM cBoeM
IIpOTfllfieIII{E O rleJrrr He rrOAEUMaerC.E
Bbrrtreqentr u fle ollycKaelcff Hr.rxre ee ocnoBarrtr.s. On uomer 6rrrr,
rrpr4 pa3rnrltbrx ycrarron,uolyuen
Rax uprlqeira, troJro?fientrflx qenu (oruocureJrbrro roptrBoura opyxua)
r roqnu lrpuuenrrBanus. Ero Ee cnegyer rryrarb c trou.flTueM (aJrbEOCTbtrp.EMOrOBbrCTpeJrD.
fiananocmu npfl,Loaoablcrnperla- aro raftarr AaJrbrlocrb crpen6r,r, upu xoropofi Bhrcora rpaenropnrr paBua Bbrcore qenu.
Ee lrontno otrpe,qenurb nan nalr6orbrrryrc Aanbuocrb ,qo qenu, trpE ltoropo erqe BoilMo?rtnorroilytrenr{e up.flMoro BbrcrpeJra(prc. 3).

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168 rrspq qerBeprafi

trorraAaHErrB rree uptr llocJrelymqax BbrcTpeJraxc oguo ucxo4no ycraEOBKOfrrrpurleJra.

Haxo,4flquMcfi Ir paccro.flrrtru,. 6o.nrmeu
flpu crpenn6e no qe.Ir.flM,.
Aanbuocrtr rrpfiMoro Bbrcrpena, TpaeftTopufl n6rugu ee Bepuraulr rronEtrMaercfi BbrrtreqeJru tr Ha naKoM-Toyrrcrxe rleJrb nc 6yuer ilopafi{arbcn
upu to ?ile ycrauoBxe. O4naxo oxo,tIo qenra 6y4or raroe npocrpaucrno (paccro.Enuc), Ea Koropou rpaexropr[fl Ee tro4rrrrMaercfl Bblme {eJrrr u qenb 6yget nopa(arc.a.
If op atrae,u.wn np ocmp&H,cmeox (r ty6nnofi uoparxaeMoro trpocrpancrna) Haahrnaercrr paccrognrre Ha Mecrnocrtr, Ea rrpor.Erfie,EEU KOTOpOTO
BeTBbTpaeKTOptrUHe lrpeBbrruaeTB[rEECXOAEqA.S
eoThr qejlu.
Iay6uua tropa)fiaeMoro trpocrpancrBa (puc. 4) aatsrrcnr or BrcorI
qenu (rryduna 6yget teu 6onrue,. qeM Bbrrrreqeal), or EacruJlr,Eocrln
Tpaoxroputr (rry6uua 6y4er teu 6o,rrure,. qeu EacruJrbEee rpaenropua)
tr or yrJra Ear(JrorraMecrEocru (na uepegneM cKare oHa yMerrbrtraeTcn,
na odparuoM cr(are yne.rruuunaercn).

/1 flopo*o"*oe
npcctilpdx,crneoi
o - B aarlEcnxccrrr or Brco?ErqeJrn; 6 (yrna tralcrutr)

B BaBnclf[ocrE or acruJlbHocru rpael{foplltr

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rr
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0c - yron rraqeru.H, Tbrc.
npocrtupavcrnsorL HaBrtBaercfl
IVIepmeu,n. (nenopactaenwn)
qacrb rrpoclpaEcrBa, B HoropoM [aErra.E qeJI Ee Motfier 6mtl uoprr(eHa IIpflMIM rIoIIaAAHuelr CEapfiAA.
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fintrrtegnfl

pear(TEBEDTxcnaptrnoB

Peanrnsnr[o cnapsAb, IleJrffrcn Ea rreytrpaBnneMne tr ytrpaBnfieMrde.

fleutrcenue neVnpa*nnend,r peanmunHntr cnapadoa ( IIy PC ). Itpoue
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clrapn,qa g xaxo-o rorrxe rpaenTopuu l{oxrer 6nrr 6onune, qeM B ToqKe orapra. iloc.ne trperpaqenuff pa6orbr pear(TnBuoro ,qBr{rreJrfl.culra
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B;rv,flrarrtricrrJrbr rfl?riecru rr crrJrrrsru FIVPC trpn4aror Bpaqenue c rrer5o;rrurocxopocrbro Bor(pyr upogonrno ocu.
Tpaexropuro HYPC (rpanarru) B BosAyxe Molnno paa4eJlrrrb Ha ABa
yqacrr(a: axrnnun yqacrox, Ea r(oropou pa6oraer peaxturuu ,qnuraTeJrb, E raccunnu, Ea Koropou cnap.E[ Jrerar tro trEepqnn (puc. 5)
Anrusnbr ) racror( TpaefiToptrtr orrroctrTeJrbno rreBeJIEn MocraB.'raer
uo t-5o70 MaKcEraJrbEoAanrsocru crpe.nr6u HVPC c Eopoxorblrdn
peaftTqBnbrMu ABrnareJrnuu. Ognaro oH oraalJBaer 6o;rrmoe BJrtrflHEe
ua daa.nucrtrKy peaRTEBHrxcnapflJ{oB, oupegerflfl ux pacceqBanue, 6or(oBr{eornJrorreurrffnoA,qecrsneu Berpa, a B pflAe cnyqaeB E Aanbnocrb
crpenrdn. Ha naccusnoM yqacrr(e ABrr{eurre HyPC raxoe x(e, r(ax Ir
o6uquoro otreperrnoro cHapEAa.

flouenue Vnpaer,nexd,r pealrrnusrru.ltm,apa1oa (yPC). Cyqnocrr

ytrpaBneEqff
cEapflAoM SaKJrl{)rraeTcfi B ToM, qTo cEapffA c troMoqblo
cEcTeMbr ytrpaBneEsff
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Bbrrrre ee, a SaTeM otrycKaelcfl
rr yAepTKEBaeTc-E Ea JTUEEE qenn Ao Tex
trop, rlora ne uporaoAer
ero Bcrperla c qenbro.
(nuuun qe.nu)
flpu
orr.ronenEu
cEap.EAa or nEEEu BuaupoBannr
cucreMa yrrpanJreunfl nogeer KoMaEAy, 6aaro4apn
xoropo
cHap.EA
BOBBpatqaeTc.E K JrrrErrE BuaEpoBaEtrff.
llpurnrrr
cneAyrorqre troETu E orrpeAenegtrfl aapoAEaMRr(ErroJrera E rre.*eflLoampaermopuu lPC.
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MeET

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ero

BE'ReEES,

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ll;rocxoctl fiypca - rrJrocnocrb, rrpoxo4flqa.E rrepea Epogoxbuyxr oc cnapAa
a ueprreuArrnynflpnax rrnocxocrr ratrrax(a (pnc. 6).
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yrn* ornroHcvrlt npocaauo ccu pdaem-i
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Vro.n ranraxa Or - yron Merr(Ay upogo.nrxo ocbrc cuapffAa E craproBbrn

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Ea

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Vrol pucraxr'fr q - yron rex([y upogonuo ocp crapffJla E trJrocrocrbro

crpear6rr (nepruxaarxa u.'rocrocr, trpoxogfl4an sepea Tosxy crapra tr Toqr{y
qena).
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Bexropa cKopocTtr Ea rrJrocftoclb r(ypca,
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Tpaermopua
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171

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or ropua,rtuhrx
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npn Grpenbdo
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n oguoo6pa3trfl HaBo[KE
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JIEMOM YIIACTKE

TPAEICTOPIIU.

rroJrera 4o qeJrrr Ha onpeAe.reHllyrc I{aJIbBpeun rroJrera l."pe*"

- BpeMrr[oJreTa YPC na MnctrMJrbE]rO
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flasbrBAercfi
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tronvrle'Ebrx
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cpe4ne Torrre rrepnbrx gnyx upo6onn, coeArrnflror c serBepro upo6onso u paccroflEne Merr{yEuMr{ Aenflr Ea qerbrpe qacru u r. A. Tow(a
u 6y4er cpe4re roueJrenufl, 6asxauras K trepBhrrfrtper,r npo6olrav,
no uonagannfi rrerb{pex upo6oun (puc. 8).

o 8

cpetlveti
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mo+nu nanaauun:
6, e - uo qer!.rptlt npo6crxax;

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o oce pcceEBaEns EasbrBarorcfl. onxwnH,eH,us,rtu.PaarEcaror orKnoEeEtrrr tro Brcore (y), uo AanEocrn (c) u no 6oronouy EatrpaBnentrro (z).
II p u \. u tr, br p a, c c e u e d H, u a,. Pacceusauue uy.rrr (cuapxgon)
qtrcJra paauoo6pasHrx uptrqs, Ko,.flBngercs peyJrbrarorrr 6onrmoro
Topsre MOrr(HOo6reAunrtr B Tpu rpyullbl.
flepran rp5mtra - aro flpnuuuu, BhrabrBaxlqtre paaroo6paatre EasaJrbEbrx cxopocre (neo4unaxoBafl Macca tropoxoDbrx 3ap.sAoB, pa3EEqa B reMtreparype sap.sgoB, paortrqnff B xnuuqecnoM cocraBe, {opuc
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trptrBoAflTK r(oneoaErlfiMB EaqJrbHbrxcxopocTsx f, tropo)Karor pacce[BaEue rro flanbEocrn (nucore).
rpytrtra trprrutr - BIremEEe ycJroButr, BhrgIBarcEEe paaBropar
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N SOPUE

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It rperre rpynue orxoc.trrcn trpuquulr, BbrauBaxrque paauoo6paBue
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uaBeeFEfl, Anfl crpenKoBoo opyius - EeoAEoo6pasEe E3roroBnu ft
crpe:rr6e, Ko.qedax.fiopytfiufl trpu crpenb6e c xo4y). 3ru upuuuubr trpnBO,4.ET
ft pacceuBaHtrrotro Bbrcore (4anrxoctn) n uo EaIrpaBneEEn. onn
oxaahrBarcTuaudommee BnEEEtre Ea crelrenb pacceunanEfl rpaextopu
174 frraea qerBepra.s

tr B oclroBnold BBtrcgr or yc;ronu ctpenrdu u BHyrrKu crpenIoqero.

rroJrnocrbtrotrpuqf,Er paccenBaaufl Eenoauorr(uo. OgRaxo,
Vcrpaautr
anafl grrr rrpuqnrrbr, Motr(Ho yuerrbrrrlTb BJrntrrae narxo Eg Enx u reM
caurM yuexbrunTb paccerrBanrre, T. e. tronilctrTbKJ rnocrb crpe.ur,6u.
(Vuenrroeutre pacceqaaxrr.s Aocrrrercr
upanuarnofr nogroronxo
opy(trr u 6oenpunacoB K ctperude, uog6opou BhrcrpenoB tro rraprf,flM
E BecoBhrMBHaKaMcuapfioB, co6nroenneu o4roo6paanff nptr BlrtronreHtrU trpEeMOBEaBOAT(trI{ trpOnEBOACTBa
I(arr{AOfOBrcTpena,EaAJre,ItAXqrrM
yxogou Ba opyx(ueM u 6oeupunacaMtr, or.lrrnro nnryvxo auquoro cocraBa B gecrounx npu opyxuu.)
llo upuyrrarr, paocMorpeanln Bhrrrre, Ka?{igafl uyna (cnapffE) BaFEMaercnyqafrEoe Meoro B trpeenax unoqagu pacceuBarrf,R,oEano Enfl
coBoxytrEocrtr Bcex Boauolr(Eb{x orraonenu.xapaxTepn otrpe[enenuaa
aaronouepuocrb, Koropafl cocrour B cnenyroqeM: rorrxu na4enun (upo6ounu) pactronararorcff Ea otrpeAenennofr u.noqafiu, orparruqenno a.lJItrtrCO}.IpaCCeEBAEEff,rrOflBJreHUedTKnOEeUU Aa llpeAenaMu SJrJrErrCa
pacceEBaHtrg HacTonbKo ManoBepoflTEo, so trx r{o}r(Eo cqETaTb EeBoSMox{EbrMtr;Ea trnoqanrr pacceEBaEus Morr{Eootrpeenurb roqKy - qeHTp
paccetrBantrtr, ornoctrTenbflo Koropo pacupegenenue or4eJrbnIx rorrex
traAeEEfl (upo6ouu) ctrMuerpurrno; rotrxu lra.qeutrfl (upo6onnu) Ea trJroqaAu' pacceuBaHtrfl pactrpeenflrocfi EepaBHoMepEo- ryqe K qeErpy paccetrBaur.E q pe{e r( ueprverpy (puc. 9). 3ru rroiro?rieatrflxapfiTepnayrcT aafton pacceuBanux, roropu
flr,ilfrercfl, rracrnhrM cn)^raen
Eopuanbnoro Baxoaa omu6ox. flpn paslutrnrx ycnonznx crpem6u
xapar(Tep 3ar(ou pcceEBaEE.flocTaeTcqfleuSMeHHbrM,
Eo BeJrEqtrEatrroq,a4u (a.rrnunca) pacceuBaxrrr rraMeunercs B BaBtrctrMocru or trptrMenffeuoro ctroco6a crpenr6u, B[rJ rr(tr crpcJrflpqero, BqA opyx(u.E q 6oeIrpnuacoB, Aa.rrbllocru crpe.ur6u rr r. tr.
uaMepentrfl 'ReJTETTEEHtrnorq,qu pacceuBautrfi, cpaBrrerran
Ao"
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oqenntr pacceuBanufl rryJrb (cuapngon) oHcro tr roro x(e opylrrua rrpu
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troiroca u paAtryc ftpyrat BMeqamqero nytrmylo tronoBEEy trotraanEx
ENE

BCE IIOtrAIIAEtrfl.

Cpeufurce (eeponrnuoe) omanonenue - sro raxoe orxJronenne, xoTopoe B ps4y Bcex orr(Jrouenu, Bhrtrtrcauublx uo a6co.rrorsoft BeJrtrqtrHe
B Boapacrarorqeu u.uu y6urarorqeu rropfl.qxe, BaHtrMer cpegnee Mecro.
Cpe4nnnue (repoxrnrre) orruouernff
odoaflasarcrcr.. 80 - cpeguunoe
orKnoHeEEe lro anEoctai Ba - cpeAEEEoe orKJIoEeHue uo Bbrcore;
B6 - cpe[trEuoe orxJronenue no 6oKoBoMy rratrpaBnennro. Ha rrpar(rnMOTIEOIIpnEEMaTb UOJTOBtrEy
mUpUHr,r
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qeErpanbEo no;rocu, Br[eJreEnos8 finorqaAtr pacceEBaEu.s u BMeqaruqefr 50p( Bcex trona4axr (ilpo6orn d.'rq rorrex uggexrx).
Oqenxa pacceuaaxEfi cpeEnulr{rrornJronenuruu ygodua E uoaBonEel trpoBoAErb cpaBEeEEe KarrecTBa p3rtrqHrrx o6paaqoB opy?nEfi!
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oqeHr(II BeJruqtrHhlpaccerrBaEEs BMecro AByx xapafiTepEcrr{K Ba u 86
MoErer rrpuMerrfllbcE oArra- paAuAc npv?a1 BMeqarcquft 50,80 utmL000/o
rrorraaEE.Paguycrr eTux xpyfoB o6oSHasaroTcfl cooTBelcrBeEEo 50'
*0, firoo. Mexgy r{EMrr cyrqecrByer cneAyrorqafl BaBucrrMocr:-roo:
== 1,7 eo : 2,6 .R50.,(na uponeprn Hyqrrocrn 6oq rlyJreMerog trprrueE,fleTcfl xapaKTeptrcTEl(ft36r l(oTopaff cBflSaEa co cpeAsIrEIMoTKJroEeEIreM coorllolueHueM eo : 2,7 Be(86).

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160

flpn crpenb6e EB crpenr(oBoro opyxrtr.F, rparraroMeroR, BMII u

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ocrr{rEyrr,r pasnEqHbre pesynbTarbr. nrs BbrEBJreErlflu rudopa Eae6onee aexrr{Brroro crroco6a BbrtroJrxexrr.flolrreBo BaAatrE Heo6xoAEMo
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licnBaIIIIe,
trpeJrb6br,

2yo

oo], pacceuBar{ur tro 6o:ioBhr}rEiinpaBflelrld.fflr

a SIIaqI{T, AefrCTBETeJIbEOCIb
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gaHorra
pacceuBaEr{g,
fr&ilfr.eT'fl.

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Cep)qeeuu,nafl,norloca - 3To troJroca,.cuMMerpurrrro pacnoJrox(euua.fl
uo o6e cropoHrir paccenBarrnff, B Koropo cogepxlurcn 70o/o Bcex uouaarrf, (upo6onn).
Cep4qenunnrre uoJrochr 06oaraqarorcfl coorBercrBerrno CA, Ce
w C6" IIlupla.ua BrEx troJrocpaBua 3,06 cpe4unnoro orKJroEeEE.s.IIpu uepeceqeHun Byx cepqeBtrEEbrxrro.[oc o6pByerc,EnpflMoyroJrEuK, Ha3brtsaenhlff
cepArIeBnHopacceunauEfl . OHa BMerqaer50/e lcex nouaAarru.
176 r;12sr qergepi:n

fiecmeumerrbnoctnbro crnpenb6e HaabrBaror cren-enb cooTnercTBfl.flpeaynbTaToB cTpenbobr troclaBJreEEon orEeBou SaAaqe.

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f{ecrnure.nbnocrt, crpear6r,r Mo}r(er6mr-u onpegeJreuapacqerurMtryreM
E.Jryrfio pe8ynblaraM orrhrrHbrxcrpe.rr6.
B aanncuMocru or yc.nonufi [efrcrBnrenbnocrb oqeuuBaror:
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rpyuuonofr qentr; npogonlr(trrenbqocrF,rucrpenr,6n; paoxo4oM 6oeupuuacoB;
- npu pacqerHoM ctroco6e: BepoflTrroclbro uopalKeEus oAtrHorrno
qenll; MareMarucecxEM ox{rraHneM(cpeAEIIM aEaqeHueM)sr,rcra uoraAanu B uenb; MarelrarrrqecKtrM otr(qAaHrreMqr{cJra tropaTrieEHhlx oTAeJrbrrbrxrlene (""yp) B rpyutroBoft qe.nu; MareMaltrqecxnM orfiuaHueM pacxoAa doetlplltracoB nnq BpeMeHeMrra pemeEtre orHeBofr 3a,(arrE.
flpu rponellenrrn orrbrrEbrx crperr6 qr{c,rroB},rerroxaaareJlu EaxotrocrreToMrrJlr{ uaMepeEr{eM. oAnaxo ator
[\frrcr HerrocpecTBeHrrbrM
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roaroMy qanle trpuMerrserc4 pacqerthr croco6.
12 3axaa 1662

IlpaBlna

cepetrolll

177

Paccuorpnu uoprAon pacsqr E ycnoBEE trpnilesern* Rarr{Aoro tr3 EEx.

Bepoamnocmo nopdxex.ufl ler,u npu oAEoM ErcrpqJreMorr{Eo otrpegeJrurb tro
$opuyre

w,, _:P'\.
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rge Wo - Bepoxruocrb nopatr(enlrff qenn trpn oAEoMBblcrpene;

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o - qucJroBo xoar[Ququert, xapaxTpl{Bynuln aaxor rropa]Keu&ff qexr{.
B aasllclrMocrlt or Bar{ora rropax{enrq qenlt cyu{Eocr}, tr anaqeuue rrEcJrotsol'o
xoo$$uqlreur o Moryr 6utl paanuuuuutt.
B rou c.nyraej r(orga Anfl rlo:pr{ennq qeJln EeAocrarorluo o4rofo trpsMoro rrona4aurr B qenr,, roeSSrrqaeur rrt trpeAcrBnner co6o cpeguee qnclo nonaasrtii
u \e.rr, neo6xo4unux AnE Br,rBoAaee IrB crpofl (yxnvroxexRr). Be.nutrlny to orrpeen.sror orrr,rrro-Teoperr.rqecxrM rryreM. Ee gsaqenv.f, trpIltoA.fiTc n _ta6.nrqax.
flpr crpels6e rro ranr(aM n Apyrr.rm 6ponnponauxhllrr qeJrfiM 6poue6oiinsrnn
cnapfiaurt,
cxapafiaurr, rro fipyrrxbrM EaBeMErMqeJIEM ocronovno-(pyracnuull
a raxlr(e no .nerno6ponflpoBarilrbrM.qen.qMua xpynuoxa.uu6eprr'Ix tryneueroB Bejl,lrrlr-rrao B oaBtrcrrMocrll or yflBBuuocru qenlr E AaJIEocrtr Ao Eee uoxer 6nrr l--lJ
ropa)Keulg
u 6onee. llocro.mxy B sreM c.[ytrae al) l, uocroarxy Bep_o.argocrb
qefitr, opeJleJrffeMafirro Bre upnregexro {opuyre, ncerga 6yger {eubrtre,{eM BePu.
poxluocrb rorraAaurrfl B qeJrl,, r, e. Wrr{
flpn crpenr6e rro raERM r{yMyJrflTnBEhlMt crapffAaMn' no ooeBhlM MartrIrEaM
r 6ponerpanc[oprepaM ocxonouxo-$yracrrrMtrcuapflAaMll (ocxolounuuu u [polnBoranxoBbrMrrrpararaMn), a uo xnsofr clrJreE pacqerau orueBbrx cpegcrB rrynqf,in Berrlslruy o flplttrnMror panno'e4lluuqe u cqTarorB gToMcJryqaeBepoflTnocrb
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qucra tropatreuunx Quryp, ecrtr
Suryp. Oupe4erurr Mretruqecxopotr(uArrue
E xarxllyru r{s Eux trporrsBo/InrctroAEa oqepegb na PfI}t, npn roropofr Beposrnocrb
tropalrEn.s $rlryprl cocraulrer 0,11.
Au : N- : 5'08 : 4 rlrrrrypr'r
Pemesue.
Sror nonagareJrb rrptrMertrercl AJrn oqeur(r'l ycneuruocru peurentrq orrenorl
aa4aqrt flprr BeeHrrtroru.s rro nexore lt oruelrrM cpeAcrBaM. Crntaercx, rrro rpyrrtroEafl qeJll yrllqro?r{eH, ecrl+ Br,rBeAerroua crpofl 50-70ot6 mrnori cEJrln orEeBhtx
cpeAcTB, fl nol:IBneE, ecJrr{ BhrBeAeEou3 crpofl 20-30sio orqeabEurx qeaeii.
M ameuamuuecnoeocr.udanue pacroa 6oenpunacoe u spe.nevu na cmpe,n'a6y
n o6u{ell cni,'qae opeennerca no Sopruyne

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ycnonrflx,
uo oco6oe aHaqerr,re oxo r{Meer rrpu oflpegenenpaxTnrrecxn s rrc6nx
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a zpynnoeo rye.u paufro cyrrt|e.Bepofirsocf
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coopytt(errrrfl, peaKrrrRrrbretrporrrBorarrKoBbrepyrnb.E I{ IIpoTEBOTaHKoBbIe
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a raHlr{e uB EMll (tsTP) rr rarIXoB Be[erc.s, HaK rrpaBrrro, fipqMoii Hal]oilHoii (B or4eirbHbrx oflvqasr r4BTaEKoBbrxrryuer{ oronb Bel{erc.srloJt-vilptrMo tr HetrpflMoii rraBollxori).
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124

IIpaBIrna crpe,urou 179

B sanucznocrtr or 6oeno odcranosxu u trpuMexfleroro Ba opyrr(uff

trpe4ycMarpnBarorcff paanuqnhre cuoco6rr Be4errufi ornff trpffMo uanono.
flpu gecrnu.Ex Morocrpenr(oBbrx noApaaenenu n trelueM nop.Egr(e
oronb.uB aBToMaroB, pyqnrx tr porubrx tryJreMeroB ftanamnunoB Beercfr.L Mecra (n tou qucile rra oronoB, rpanme, xogoB coo6qenua) ua
uonoxenufr Jrexra,c noirena E crof,, Ha xq[y (c xoporxux ocraEoBor( tr
6ea ocrauosxu), uB nportrBoraanonhrx rpanareMeroB - c Mecra Jrera, c
Konea tr croq. Orosr upnuofr naoo4xo na BMII (ETP) E ranna Belero.Ec Mecra (ocraaonxn), c ropornux ocranoBor( tr c xo4y.

BI{P {BI4P' r BIIP') cquraetcn rloJro)fttrreJrl,no,ecln paocroflEtre

o qeJItr yBeJltrrrEBaelcfl'' tr oTpuqareJrbHo, ec.Ilu paccrofiHne yMeHbItrAeTCf,.
B rou cJryqe, Korga cyMMapnaq BIIP uesome 50 M, AaJrHocrrr
Ao rleJrrr cquraercfi EgsaMen.flroqecn.
flpurvrepno B rarux ?reycJroBtrrrx BeAercfl orpe.ul6a uB crpeJrxoBoro
opylxufi Il rpalraroMeroB trpr{ ecrnuax JrlqEoro coclaBa B IIerueM flop.EAr(e.

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E qenb ABuIr(yrcfl B oAEoM naupanlenuu);
- r(orAa AaJrbHocTbAo qenn He u3MQE.fleTcg,
a EaupaBJreEtrecTpenb6nr ualren.sercr (crpe.nr6a c uecta tr ocraxoBr(E tro qeJrrr, coBepltralorqe
crpe.nr6a c xo4y E c Koporxux ocranoBox tro Ee{;ranronoe ABu?r{eHEe,
uo4nrxuofr qeJrr{ trpu Snauronou ABE}neHtruMamrlnbr, a rax)r(e togBEtfiyq,ec.fl qenE, Kora qeJrb tr MarrrtrEacoBeprtraror{rauroroe ABtrrfieEtre,
T" e. ABElnyTC.ffE rrApaJrJreJrbrrhrx
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B oArroMrratrpaBJrenfftr,Eo c paauo cropoctrro);
- KOrAa AanbEocTr, Ao rIeJrE uSMeHgeTcfi, a EallpaBJrenue cTpeJlb6lr ue uaMsnflercfl (crperuda c Mecra (ocranonnu) no qeru, coBepmarcqe {pouraJrbfloe ABnrfientre.,crpe.nr6a c xoy rr c Koporrnx ocranoBox
rro Helo4Brrrxno qe.ru upu {ponraJrbnoM ABu}Ker{uEMarrrffHbr,a rarofie
rro ABElfiyqeficr qenn, KorAa rlenb tr MartruEa coBeprtraror sponraJlbnoe
ABUlneHUeB p3Hbrx HatrpaBneHEfll{ I/Jrvr B OAHOMEatrpBneEtrU, EO c
paarofr cxopocrrro);
- Hor[a [aJrHocrb Ao rleJru tr HatrpaBnenue crperb6u usMeg.fiIotcr (crpe.rrr,6ac Mcra (ocranonxu) rro r4e.nu,coBeparoqefr rocoe AnuHerrue; crpenr6a c xo4y rr c Koporr(ux ocrarroBor{ rlo EetroAuxruo qeJrtr npu KocoM .qBu?fter{tu Marrr[rrht, a rax?fie Ilo ABtrtr{yq,ecg qeru, Kora MrtrtrEa coBepmael {poutanrnoe ABrrrr{eEtre,a rleJrb - {;ranronoe
EJIE Kocoe, ra nao6opor).
Be.tuvuny u,til,erueH,.Ls,
paccrLonH,un(BI4P) Ao qenu sa BpeMfl or MoMeETA OnpeEeneHEffAnbHocTEo npo[3Bo[cTBa rrepBoro BbrcTpenafr.Jru3a
BpeMfl MeH(Ay AByME BbrcrpenaMr{ coKpaqeHHo odosEasaror:
- BI4P' - eclrn paccrorurre rlaMerrflerc.sB peayJrbrare ABulr(eEEE
qeJr[;
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crpeirffroqe u4ruunu;
- BI4P - ecrrr paccro.anr{e rraMenffercr B peayJrbrare ABU}r(eEuff
qeJr{ u Marrrurrr(BI4P : 1| B?IP' ;[ BI,IP").
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peruenu.fl orneno Bnaqrl

Ilpoqecc rroparxerruff qeJru orneM r4B roro untr Epyroro BtrAa

opytr(trfl HaabrBaercff peweH,ueil, oeneao aaartu.
!,nr ycuemnoro peruenufl orneBbrx Ba4arr rpe6yercx, qro6hr rnqEbI cocraB rrpe?r{AeBcero npaBtrJrbuo rro[flMaJr, TBepo BEan tr yMeno
IrptrMeEflJrtrpaBrrn crpenr6u ua cBoero opylnux.
Hecuorpx na paanoodpaar,re BEAoB orHecrpenbfforo opyil([.s, EeI(oropbre paaJruurrfl B Buaqeulltr n cuoco6ax ero uptrMer{eur{fl, a ral(lxe
EMeroqtrecf, paaJrrlqtrrrs 6arrucrnqecxrlx xaparTeprrcrrrxax uyur (cnapffAon, rpanar), ycBoeur{e [paBuJr crpe;rr,6rr o6nercaercs reM, qro orEeBaff Saarrau3 Bcex BrrAoBopy}Ittr.s BbrrloJrrrfleTcfltro rrpuHqurrtraJrbHo
olusaxoso cxeMe. Peuenue orReno BaAaqu crperr6o trB nro6oro
BEAa opyx(u.fl odbrrrno BxJrroqaer tro4roroBny crpe.nr6rr r,r crpe.ur6y uo
qenu. B Henoropblx cJryqaax rrpu BeAeHr{u ornfl Ea 6orbmue AanbuocTE Morocrpe.qxoBhrMrrJrr'rranfi oBr,rMuogpaBAeJreHueM
upxlro, troJryflpsuo n neuprnoft nanogxo perueutre onreno Ba[aqu BxJrroqaer rro[roToBKy ctpenr,6rr, prrcrpeu(y u crpe;rr6y Ea troparrenue (crpenr6y uo
qenn).
cmpe.na6w
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r a 4 a r r yo 6 e c u e q u u B
nparvamra cpox roroBHocrb orrreBbrx cpeAcrB K orr(pbrrurc ornf.
B nogrorou(y BXoAflr Bce MeponpvflTurr c trpe4Bapure;rrno u fletroopeAcrBerrnofi no4rororHo crpe"rr6u.
IlpeeapumeflbHan noeontoenq cmpetow Bxrrosaer rexrruqecxvr)
IrogroroBny, Koropa.ff obecuesfisaer rralelr{Hocrl u 6egornasuocrr 4eficrBnfl Boopymerrufl rrpu perueur{r.rorHeBbrx Ba[aq. Oua upegycMarprrEaer trpoBegenfie pefJIaMeHTHr;rxupoBepoH 6oenpunacoB, TexHnsecxoro o6cnyxuBarrrifl 6oennrx Marrruntr EX Boopylfientrg, troAgap.s,qxyrrcroqEEr(oB trETarru.Etr troAroroBny K crpeJrb6e 6oeupuuacou, opylnufl, rrpq6opor crpenl6nr ra na6nroqeru.E, trByqenue Mecrrrocru, orr6op pactronor(enrrfl, BarrETRetr, ecilyt neo6xoAuuo, o6opy4onarr{e orrreBbrx noauqlr,
a rax?r(e tro4roroBny rrcxo4nbrx anrrbrx ,qn.ffcrpeJrbdnr uo yqacrxaM ll
py6e?fiaM Bepo.ffrEoro tro.qBneHug rrporrrBrrr.rK.
Henocpe1crnoevlrafl noA?onxorna cmpea.u6w Baxilrcrraerca n nrr6ope
qenu, cpeAcrB [JrE oe fiopa)fieHtrtr r{ oupeAeJreHrrrrucxoAnblx ycTaHoBoK AJrE orrpr,rruq oru rro nll6parnofr qenu. Ona Br(Jrroqaerto6napyIlpaBuna ctpera6u

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Ha ocEoBaEE oIIeEHtr
tlw6op qetu F,trfl tropalfienq,n ilpouaBo4lrrtn
ee Balrurocru u oIIaoHocTE,. yAJIeEI{.fl rl y.fi3BI{MOCrIl. flpeXtge ncero
oqeHIIB&IOTCfl Ba?I(IIOCTbU OIIACHOCTbqeJIII, T. e. IIaCKOJIbItOOEa MeIIIaeT
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6poMy, [o,qpasAeJreHEro lrJln coceAy. [Io xapanrepy
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c-BoeMy cocroflrrrrK) oHa lllolKer Bectr4 orBerHbl oroEbr 6r,rtl neuonuxIIpu oqenl(e HeoKoJIbKHx rtrelefr AJrs trQpalrrcHtrE
o rr,ru 4ourxyqeficn.
Hau6orree Balr{Eylo E orlacnyro B [aHHr MoMeIrT
cnegyer nru6uparr
[r Jlerqe yfl3BuMyn.
fleirb, a H3 oAultanoBo Ba]fil{brx - 6;ruxauryro
qe;rffx
rIoAqI,IHenHbIe
O eaMeqerrahlx
AoKJrabIBaIor KoMarrgupy orqerrerlrrrfl (ranxa), a r(oMaHluphl or,qeJleHt (ranroo) o Ba?r(Hbxu otrcHbrx
uerx AoKnaAhrBaK)T KoMaHAupy BsBOAa.
[J [ox.naax o aaMeqeurrhlx qeJr.flx AoJI?I{Eo [auarbcn
4eJreqnq;tcmue
(yHaar,ruaerc-s Mecro trono?fi euufl qenu). L{e;reynaaanue rar(xe ocyqecrBJIflCTC,EOT KOMAE4IIPA OTEJIEHUN'(TATTXA)K CTPCJIflIOTqEUY.IIPU ATOM
KOMarrAUp lre Tonbxo yHasliBaer ry uJIr{ pyryro rIeJIb, rro u noAaer KoMaEAy Jr'I olr{pbrrrrE orHs ITJIII CraBrrr oflreByro saAarly.
Morocrpe"rr(oBblx rloApaa4eJlerrlrii Kar( B rIeItreM tollpr,r geficrnurx
or oplrpfl.(Ke; rafi rr na EMII (ETP) IIeJreyKaBaEI4e ocyqecrBrlflercfl:
or HatrpaBileflultr ABuir(enrrfl,. crpe.nr6o
arupon (ueornrrx npe4ueton),
IIaTpOEaMII C TpaCCtrpyrcqUMtr IIyJIflMIIf CI{IIIaJIT,HLIMU paI(eTaMU' BbIrrvc6aeMbrMrr B HaIIpaBJTSIIIII qe.nu. ltpoue roro, IIeJIyKaaaErIe BoBMo?I(rro rlaBeelrrreM opyxtt.E B qeJrb.
r.Ipu qeneyr(aaanutr
o BaMeqEHofr rlerq Buaqare yfiaabrBaercfl, B
npeAMera) uJItr B KanyK)
EatrpaBrreEtrtr fiaKoto optreErtrpa (uecrnoro
yToqEfleTcE
cTopofiy cneyeT H.a6"'rloarbi SaTeM; ec,,ra fieo6xoAtrMoi
rroJroE(errne qenu Ha MecTEocTIrr coo6qaeTc.s HasBaErre IIeJITI tr AaJIbflocTb ,qo Hee.
rrpotr3BotrTqg rlo 60ilono(eurr.fl qenfi Ha Mecruocrll
Vrosueufle
r(oBoMy HatrpaBJreHulo (BupaBo, aneno) B AeneHrrflx yrnoMepa (B Tbrcflrl<Opunnrx), a rro AaJrbrrocru (ga.nrrue, 6lume) - B rerpax. Halplluep:

lfieHtre E Bbl6op qeJlq, onpeeneHae ,qaJlblrocrlr (pacctonnnr) 4o qenu,

nu6op opyxrtr.E, cnapflAa (rpanatrr), 3apffAa r,I ycralroxu BBpIBareJrff,
3apfl)r{aErie opy}ItI,IR, orrpeAeJrerlEeIrailpaBJIeEtrfl' cr(opocru ABrr)fieEu.g
qeJrr{u BeJrr{qr,IB
rro[paBolt Ea ee ABu?rienre, r6op cuoco6a BeAeHI{florufi, oupe4eJrenue rrarrpaBJlerrus rr cnopocru ABrl)r(euus csoe Marrraubr

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ro B[,rCTpeJra I{B opyIlx MII,
rpanaror{era (nepno oqepel{ u"Iu flepBoro BhlcrpeJla I{3 crpeJlnoBoro
opyixirn). [,Icxognue ycrarrooKn r{aauauanrctr, KaK trpaBtrno, KoMarIAugr.H.E t'lJlrr
poM or[eJler1uR (ranra) npu no4aqe fioMaHAbI rra or6phlrtre
HaBoAqI{KoM-otreparopoM'
orrpeAeJr-fiK)rcr crpeJrrIIorqI,IM (nanoguuxolr,
caMocro.areJlbHo, I{cxoAHhIe ycTalroBK'I IIpE CrpenbrpaaloMeTvuxou)
6e saso4oM u poro ynaablDarorcrl HoMaHArrpoM troApaaqeJrexlrff B RoMaEAE AJIS OTKPI,ITEff OTIIfl.
II p u c nx p e t n a. BariJrrottaercfl B orbrcxarruu crpenr6o ycraHooox
IIJrrr uepexo4a H crpeJlb6e na uoparxetue r{eJrrl B cocraBe trogpaS4eneHr{n.
CyrqnOcrn trprrcirpeJlxll CocToItT B roM? srO6bl Ha OCEOBeIIoJIygeIIHLIx Ha6.nro[enufr Ba Mecrou [aAenu.s cHapqoB (rpauar) otrpeAentrrb lroJrox(eEtre ltenTpa paccel,IBaqqfl oTHocrrTeJIr,EO IIeJIg E EaTZ ycTaHoBI(I{ AJIff
crpe,nr,6rr Ha llopairienne. 3tu ycraHoBKII IraBbIBaIoT IIpucTpenflIrELIMII.
Cmpeav6a no ryeruu Br(Jrloqaer HaBo,(r(y u upolrSBocrBo Bhlcrpena
Ona seAer(ouepegu, uycxa), sa6nro4eune Ba peayrrbraraMlr ctpe.nldu.
qerloAaBJlerrr{fl rrJrl{ paapyurenun)
cq o [opa?fieHutr (ynuutoxtenl{-8,
KoMaHuo
npexpaqeua
Moxer
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Ae Ko"Maugrrpa or,erleHua (tauHa) I4nE xoMan4lrpa noApaBAeJIeHtr.E.
I{eru 4orxIrbI nopail{arr,c.ff c flauMenbrulrM pacxoAoM doeupuuacon u
K ctpenlde
nMerb noAroroBnelrnoe
BpeMerrn. ,{,,trr atoro Heo6roAuuo
Boopy2r(egrre, cBoeBpeMeuuo o6napyll{sBaTb IISJIII, roqHO u 6r'rctpo uepeAaBarr, qeJley6asarrue, yMeJro oIIeHI{BaT}, Ba}firrocTb qe.qe, trpaBrrJlbgo
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nufiuparr
Be[egnfl OrHfl, roqgo O11pegeJlfl1uCXoAHbIe yCTaIIOBI( [nff Ctpe.irl6lr,
a rK?fie trplrMeIIflTL nalrfioaee 4eaecOofipa3llble rIpI{eMbI IIaBSAKI{ tr
trpor,r3BoACTBa BbICTpeJIa (ouepegu), CBoeBpeMeHHo OTI(pbIBaTb Oronb IIO
rteJrr{ tr BecrII ero B BI'IcOKOM reMIIe, Hetrpepblugo Ha6nrc[aTb 3a peByJIbTaraME CBoerO orIIfl E xpaBIIJIbHo KOppel(rl{poBarrr CTpeJIbby.
[e.nu o6napyrrutsarcr Ha6ilIoAeEueM rro rlx orlepralrllrc u AeMacKupyrotr yHutlqrrM lrpr{3rraxau. B flepBylo oqepeAb AoJrTr(HbIo6napyxtuuarbc.fl
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tr Apyrqe trporlrBorarrxoBble cpegcrBa (a :rolr sacrre rarrxa u ApyIITyP
cpegcrBa
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o r{eJru o6hlqno otrpeAeJlflercfl AanbnoMepoM, rJIaSoIlarr,nocm

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qeJrll,
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crp.rrxonoro oplDxufl . ltpoue roro, Moryr lrporraBoAlrrbc.fiBhFrtrcJrerrrg
uo fopuy.ne rucnqno (cu. paa4. 2 4anno r.nanu).
Bw6op opA ?rcufl.,a+apaa ( epan'arnw) u, ecJrrfEyTnHo,apa4a n ycraC yqeToM y.EsBaMOcTuqeJItr' ee yAAFC)BKBBpI'IBaTeJIflIIpOIIsBOAflTC.s
oruego SaAarlrru nalnqug 6oeA TaHlKeBpeMeHrrHa BblrroJrrreHze
JreHI4.g,
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Ecnu o6cranoBfia rpe6yer, qro6rr ue.lrr 6rrna tropazr{era B r{opornufi uporwenryrox BpeMeHr{,cJreAyet arr6uparr, opy}t{ue c 6o.neennrcoxo
6oeso cftopocrpenbnocrbro wlu cocpe,qoroqunarbno ueft oronb rro4paa,qenelrun (uecxonrxo 6oennx cpegcra).
Sapnttaruue opy?tcufl. trpolraBorrrcn, I{aH rlpaBlr.[o, rro KoMaHaM.
B ronrange AJrff dapflrnanr.rff opyAlafr Ha EMII u ftoMtrneftca IITyP,
rannoso tryrtrRr yfiasbrBaercfl rurr (4ecrnue) cHapflAa (rpauaru).
(xyuy.natruHaupuuep: (Ocxoloqnrru (ocxo.rtouuo)...ltytuyJr.ErrrBuhrM
q o ) . . . u n 4 x a n u 6 e p n r M . . .y [ p a B n . s e M l r Mc u a p s , u o M . . . D
,{.ur rroporo n rtocJle4yroqnx BbIcrpeJIoBBapfflrianrre rlpolraBoAr4rc.E
SApfl}Italolqtru (nano4vl;H0M-Otreparopou) cauocro.ETeJrbHo,ecJItr Ire froclytrrrJra ApyraE KoMarrAa.
,{la aapnxar{un rryneMera, ycranoBJlenuoro Ha raune (EMfI lrnu
BTP), rro4aerc.fi xoMaHAa <Ilynenetu (<Hano4uraxy ua tryneueral).
q
,I[nx aap nrHantr.a c rp eJrnoBoto op y?fiIt Moroc rp eJrHoBbIxlro4pa sAeJreHtr ynaabrBaercs, KoMy rlpe4crol{r crpeJlatr. Haupnuep: <flyleuerqnKy... aBroMarqr{fiaM JreBoro (uparoro) 6opra. . . fparraroMerrrr4ny...
OTIIEJICHUIO...0

flpu crpe.rrr6e uparraonasoKo Hasnarlarorcfl cJreqyroque ucxonwe

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rrMeercfl Ha orKpLrToM trpr,tqeJle, rlnu 6oHosoro 6apa6ausl{I{a Ea otrrnqeonoM trpuqene CB), rorlna npnllerrBantr.s.
flpn crpenr6e uouyupauo naaoAxo ucxo4HuMr.t ycrauoBnaMr{ EBJr.flrorcfi: rrpuIIeJrbHEMapxa, Toqxa trpraqeJrananl{fl, ypoBeHb (ycrauonxa 6oxonoro yponnn).
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HoBKa 6oxonoro yponur).
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c neproro BbrcrpeJla (ovepepu). OAnaHo cnegyer EMerB B BrIAy, qro
trpoqecc Herrocpe4crneuHoft rroAroroBr(r{ crpenl6lr trporenaer B orparruqenrrtrrecponr, rraMepseMre
MprHyrMI,I,
a rrHorga cenyrrAaMr{.flpu erou
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gHaqrlreJrbrrblrr flprl nepBoM BbrcrpeJle (osepeAu) He flonyqeHo totraarlue
B qeJr6, B r4cxorllJe ycrarloBnn Blloc.src^s rrotrpaDHrr, T. e. ocy'nlecTBrrflercfi Hoppefiruponarllre crpelr6rr.
flpu crpe.rmde ua crpe;rr(oBoro opy'fir4.s c orr(phrrblu trpurleJroMA,II.t
H,aaonu u n,puqenus&t{un Hal\o aainMyprrrb tenu rila3' a [paBbIM cMorperb arepeaupopeab nprrqena (qe.ruxa) H Beprul4ny Mytrrnn rax, uto6u
184 rnasa qerBepran

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c BepxHrIllr{ xpfiuu rpI,IBfiIr npltqear,uofi rrrarXrr (qe;ruxg), T. e.B3firb
poBHyro MyrnKy, AaleM, salleplliaB [rixaHlre Ha BbIAoxe, trepeMelqellrroM
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qeJrtrKa, coorBercrByroqe ytrpexr[eurlo, c rraBo,qnofrs qeJrr,; R o6paaqax opyH{trfl, rre RMeroqr4xtroABnrr{HoroqeJruHa,- BbIEocoMloqxn nptrqenuBarrfi.E Ea Be,,rrrsr.ruy,paBHyro boxonouy yflpe?fiAerruro.
I{e.nrH ycranaBJrrrBaercn, a roqfia trprrqeJrrrBaHr,rE
BbrHocrrrc,EB croporry HatrpaB,rreHr{.s
ARrrrr{ennr{qe.rrra.BrrHoc roqxn npuqeJruBanrrfl trpo-

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Arg yHurrro)fierrrrfl rfiuao ctlnhl trporrrBHrrr(ar saxo,qgqec.s B JrerKrrx
ynphrrtrflx, a TaKlr{eB coopy?neEEflx ropo,4cltoro 1utr4.
B aasucul{ocrtr or ycnonu Mecrrlocru u orn.s nporuBntrRa orpeJr'6a
EB rparraroMera Be4ercfl rrg lroJrolfienr{fl Jle}fia, c KoJIeEa u ctoa. ,[nn
Macr{rapoBr(uE aaqr{Thr or orrrff trpornBlrtrKa, a rar?r{e 4.rIn ygo6ctna
BeAeHrrfl orrrfl rrcrroJlbSylorcs paSItrlIEIe yHphrTufl , MecTlrbretrpe[Melbl
u ytropbr. Ilpu nrr6ope Mccra Anff crpelr6r,l neo6xo4utuo yrlurrrrnarb
HaJrtrque troaaArr onacs<l soubr trptr BrcrpeJreB ccr(Tope *45o or ocu
Haxo4urbcfl Jrtrogu,6oenprcrroJra rly6uno go 30 u. B ne He AoJIInITDI
rracbr, BaprirnrlarbreBeqecrBa u roprcqee. flosa,Eq Kageunoro cpeaa rpaHaxoAIrrbcfl Haxue-.nz6o trperpa,qrEa paccroffErru
HaroMera Ee AoJrrnHhr
2 rvr.B HatrpaBneHrrucrpenr6u Ee on)firro 6nrtr uectnblx trpeqMeroB, Ba
Koropbre MorJTa6nr aa4etr rpEara Ha uoJrere.
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Orx.noneuue reutreparypbr BoBAyxaor ra6nuquo ( t 15
yBeJrI[qrIBaE
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ee
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trBMerreurrellaJrbrrocrtr troJrera rpararhl,
B nernr.rx ycnoBrrsx r{ yMerrbrtraa amluo, rroarouy lrpu reMtrepafypc
BoaAyxa suure 0 "C Maxosusoft reuueparypno uotrpaBxu HaAo ycrarraBJruBarr,rra auar{ "*", a trpu reMrreparype BoBAyxa xnrne 0o C - ua
g1gay

_ Ilpruep. Crpe;rr6a Begercflna PlIfi no 6eryqe rlurype ua 4aarrocrr 600 lr"

,{aRxerre qenr cneBa EatrpaBoQ.nanronoe.Onpe4e.nnrrBerrnqlryytrpe}fiAear{.s.
P emenN e. Vup : tlp -= 6 rfnryp atrpaBo.
flpu nncon (o6.auuecnon) eu.enuu qeJru rrarrpaBJrentre crpenr,6u r,r
paccroflr{Ee,qo qeJru rrenpephrBHo traMerrrrrorc.fl, uo.gTouy rreo6xo4r,ruo
yrlr,rrllBarb Ee roJrbxo 6oxosoe ytrperr{Aeutre,Ho I ytrperr(euuetro AaJr],EOCTI4.

190 l;rana

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:
Crpenr,6 y c qctroJrbaoBaHqeMMexarrurlecfioro trpuqeJra trpotrBnogtrTr,
trprr reMtreparype BoBAyxa Blre0a C uo ouo.unure.nrRofrIuyrtrne, a rpu
leMtreparype BosEyxa HErfie 0o c - no ocnoello MyruKe.
Bcrpevuu Berep yueubmaer, a uouyturr yBelrrrluBaer Aallbnocrb
uoJrera rparrarr. flpu cnnruoM Bcrperlnou Berpe cJreAyel rrpuqentrBTbcs r nepxunfr Kpa qentr, a upa caJ-IbHoMrlotryruoM - s uuxHrd.
Eoxono Berep oftaarrBaer BlraqnTeJrbroeBJrnffIrrleHa troJrer rpauarhl.
ornJrorr.sfl ee B cTopoEy, olKyAa yer Berep, EarrpEMeptrps Belpe ctrpaBa rpaHara olHroEflerc BtrpaBo, a IIptr Berpc cneBa - BJreBo. Tanoe
TeM,sto 6onoso Berep, 4ectnya E craduruaa,rBJrerrueo6rrcssercfl
IlpaBnna crpemon

l9l

TOp rpaEaTr, noBopaqr4BaeTee roJroBr{yrcqacTb Ha Belp E trOA AeC_

Br,reMpeaKTuBHo cr{Jrr{, rrapaBJreEH<l
ngotr ocn, rpaara orltJrol{.E-

FtoppcxrnpoBanue orH.E fipotraBoA]rrc.s uo 6rixoxriuy Eaiipar;-renrro

E rro Aa.rrbuocrn. flo 6oxonouy HanpaBncuuro Kopper{ruponanr{e ornfl
ocyrqecrBn.serc.fl BhrHocoM Toqr(r{ pnqeJrnBanun u $urypax qenu rlnlr
B enenuflx rur{aJru 6oxosux trotrpaBon. Itoppexrup<lDanne orrrfl rro lanbrrocrn ocyqecrBnflcrc.rr Rhrrrocorurolllru llpnqenr.rBarrtrfl tro B]rcoreI|JItr
nu6opou rroBoro AeJrenufl mxaJrr rrpn4ena. flpn uedo.nblrrrx ort{JrofigIlrrsr tro Aanrll{ocTrr ToqKa lrprrqeJrflRarrlrflAnfl cneAytr)qero BIcTpeJrs
Bhlxocrrrc.fl na uol$urypbr Brrrre rrJru HHlKe.

91nX UOtrpaBoKHaAOtrOMHIrrb,UrO 4AOEa.e

BepruriaJrbfraEJrnrrsfl B trone
Sper{ufl trprrr{eJra coolBercrByer HatrpaB.rreHK) clBo.rla rpaHaroMer.
Ee ncer4a rraAoBrnocr{Tbtro Berpy (a croporry, r(ya Ayer nerep),rar
KaK rpaEara troJreTtrr EaBcrpeqy Berpy.
oco6ennocmro crpenr6bl rrg rpauaroMera flBJIEercf, a'aqtrTerbrafl
xpyrrSHa rpaeKTopn ronera rparrarLl rra AaJrbEoclu cBbrruetrp.flIroro
Bhrcrpena, qro rrpr4BoAtrrx pesr(QMy corpaqeIInro rly6nnn uop(aeMoro
trpocrpaEcrna. flpu crpenrde c trprrrleJroM5 r.rryduna uopail{aeMoro npocrpaHcrBa rrpE trpuqeJruBarrnu troA Hurr{Hnfr xpa rleJru cocraBJt.fler
50-60 lr, a trpr{ trpuqeJrr.rBaurrrrB cepeny (qHrp) qerru - 25-30 u
no _o6ecropoHbr or qerrrpa tropaxiaeMofo rrpocrpaHcrsa. floaroMy . A{e
ne6o.rrnruueouru6xu B orrpeeJreHrruAaJrbuocru 4o qe.uu (uene 5o uy
B ATnX ycnoBr,r.sxMoryT trpEBecTtr It upoMaxy.

Crpeaada rro AEf,ncyquucfl

Crpem6a

rro EetroAltrx(Eru qeJrflDl

Crpeln6a r{B rparraroMera tro EetroArrr}r(Eoqe.rruBeAercfi c Ienenr{sMrr cerr(u otrTuqecxoro npnrleJra (ycranonxaurl Mexaunqecnoro upuqe_
.ira) n rouno upuqeluBaur{ff, au6paunuuu coorBecrBerruo [anbnocrtr
Ao qeJrrr, a ranrfie cxopocrtr E rr[paBneuuro Goxosoro Berpa.
- - - Ecln paccroffHrne Ao qeJrrr paBrro qentrrM corrr.sM MerpoB, Hanprruep
400 u, An.s trpulleJrrrBarrll.trnar6lrpaercR AeJrenuemfiaJrbr trprrqeJra, coorBercrByloqee aroMy paccloflEurc, T. e. ropH3oHTaJrbrra.ff
JtrF-rtrs.,
o6oanaqeurrafl qrrpg 4. flpa crpelr6e c MxarusecxnM trpqqe.rou nrl6upaercx upr.rrleu 4.

rrorrpaBxeHa Berep. flpn crpurr6e c ruexannqecn[M rrpzrlenoM TorrxatrpurlenraBaun.rlBlrnocErcfl n @urypax B cropoHy, r(ya Ayer Brep, lra Berrutu4ny uotrpaBxr{ Ha 6orono Berep.
192 rrasa qerBepra

qemM

flpr {pgnradrrb}roM ABtr}r(eur{n rleJrrr AeJrefir{fl cernrr orrrrrqecxoro

npnqena (ycranoaxa Mexanr{qecxoro spurleira) u rovxa upuqeJrr{Baxr{s
nu6upanrc.s coorBercrBexHo roMy pccroffrrr{K), ut }ioropoM r(enMoE(er oxaaarbcfl B MoMerrr Bhlcrpena, a rax'fie c yqeroM Bnu.atrll.a 6oxoB0ro BeTpa.
floupaaxa na 6oxono Berep Eno4rrrcff rro reM lr(e uparrrnau, qro
E npfi ctpelrde tro Hetro,qBulxnbrMqenffM.
flpn fliauroloM ABulnentru qenu ycranoBxa rrpilIena au6rpaercx
cooTBeTcTBerrHo
AaJrbHocTr{Ao qeJru, a loqlta llptrqennBannfl - c yqeTou
ytrpe)fienus ua ABrrffienue qenll. Flaupuuep, nan6onee ruurrsno 6oeno cxopocrn ranr(a (12-15 xu/v) na Bcs Aanbnocru crpe.nr66r ytrpeffiAenue upu SaauroBoM ABulKeHr{llqenr{ peBno AByM AeneHtrflMmftanbr 60l(oEbrxIIotrpaBoK. Ec;ru qe,rr ABr{ercff c 6onbure rr MerrbrrrecKopocrb(),
Jmpe?fiAeutre trpouopqfiorrarrbuo yBenrrqr,ruaercff rrJrtr yMerrbruaercn . IIpl
r(ocoM ABrrrfieurru rleJrrr ytrperrteuuo cJreAyer 6parr B ABa paga rrerrbrue,
treM upq {.nanrouou.
Orcqer yupex{Aerrnff Bo Bcex cnyqarrx uporrsBoAurc or cepeArruhr
qEJIE,

B npaxrure crparrdu
trB rpauarouera rrptr $.rranroaou tr KocoM
ABrlrr(eHtrr!qenrr rrpr{ueHHnrcfl ,qna cuoco6a HaBoKtrrr BeAerrrrfl orrr.ff:
cuoco6 cne)fteutrs (couponox4ennn) n cuoco6 BhDfiRautrfl.
IIpu Reenuu orHE cnocodou cnerfienr{fi (conponox4enux) quu
rpaHaro uerrrufi , Ilepe Meqa.s rpaua roMer, coBMetrtraer
ondpauuoe geJreuue
cerxr,r npuqena c cepe4rruo qe.rlu Hnrr yAepx(lrBaer JrrrnuK)rrpur{ennBaEr{ff Brrepegnqenlr rra BeJrrrqlruy ytrpe}r{Aerrvrflrr B MoMeHTnau6o.neenpanrlrno rraBoAKHrparraroMera uporraBoArrr Bbrclpen
IIpu ne4euuu oru.s cuocodolr DhrlrrrAanu.ffr{enu rpanaroMerynx rptr;
qerrBaerc.E qeuTpa.rrbnoruxfie trrxaJrhr6oxoaux rronpaBon D TorIKy,
nu6paxHyro BtrepeAq ABtr)HelrnqrleJrr{,a c troAxooM qeJrrrK aro roqne
IIa lrerrlsuny rry]r(Horo yrrpex{enx.flB eJrenu.flx cerxn uau {nrypax
qeJlr{ [porraBoAr{T r}hrcrpen. Ec.nrl r1e;rr ona}fiercff rretropfienuo, ot
KOpper(rr{pyel ororlb.
IrInor4a rr'pu crperrbde coqeraror o6a cuoco6a, ucpexoAs or oAHoro H ApyFoMy B aaBucrrMocrll or y4o6crna Bbrtrorrrnntrflr{aBoAnlr rl xa13 sax.aet66p

Irpaau.na crponr6u

l9E

par(repa ABtrrr(ernfiqeJrn. Itoppexrupolantre orr.s trptr crpelr6e tro ABrlrtyquucfi qensu oc1flqecrBJlfiercrtro xa6ln4enuff]r Ba rpaccawstroJrera
rpanarn E uecra ee paBprlBa. Ilonpama rro AaJrbrocrx oc5uecrBJrfierToqfiurrptrqentrBautrgrro Bucore: trptr ue6onrmux orrJrocfi uBMeEeEtreM
Eeuuffx - na uo:r{urypu, upu 6onrmux - Ea oEy rfrrypy. Iloupaaxa
uo 6oxosorry HatrpaBneunro6epercf, rro reu x(e upaBrnau, qro x rro Ee-

cETenHo qeJrtr tr xapaxrepa qenu (uo.erllnloqa.Ecfi trnE ABurr(Itqancl).

Haupaurerne nBurr(euua dporerpaucrroprepa oruoclrre.Ilbuo rlelrtr
Bo BpeM.Ecrpelr6u Motr(er 6urr: SporraJrblrutt (BTP 4anxercff Iro yrJroM He 6onee 30o fi EarrpaBneuuro Ha 4ear), ftocIM (BTP gnuxercn
uog yrnoM 30-60'), {aanroawu (BTP 4nuxercfl troA yrJrou 60-120').
flpu crpenr6e c xo4y trocroflHno trBMerr.ffrorcfiAanHocrb o qeJru
E yton rroBopora crBoJra rryneMer oruocureJrbuo trpo4oJlbno ocu 6poEerpallnoprepa.
' llaMenerrue AaJlbnocru rrpu crputrde He )nltrTblBarb, a Ea rronopot
tryJreMera oruoclrreJlr'Ho trpogonbuo ocn BTP, raunnafi c yrua 30' (go
150"), BnocnrrrotrpaBxrf Br,IHocoMToqr{trtrplrqenrrBarrlrflB oropouY, upoTtrBorroJroTnHyroABtrrr(eHr,IrcBTP.
IIpu diaanroBoMABurrenuu 6ponerpEctoprepa AJrs lroBrlmenuq uerNocrrr crpenrdnr c xo,qy seo6xo4quo yrlurhlnarb notrpanny Ha [Btrx(errne
BTP, r. e. Blrnocnrb Ea oupe4eneHuyrc Beruqnsy roqny trptrqeJlulanu.s
B cropony or qeJru, rportrBotroJrorr{EyroABE}I{eHrrrocsoe Mamunu. flpn
crpem6e uepea 6oxuqn c trpaBoro 6opra roqr(a trpuqe.rluDnlrf Dbrlrocrlrcff BrrpaBo or rlentr rr BJIeBoDpr.r crpenb6e c nesoro 6opra. Bo npeua
Snauronoro ABurfierruff TP (riru upu BeeIItrtrorus aa tryneueror], ycraxoauennrrx na FTP, troA yrnoM 60-90' x HarrpaBnennroAllnx{eann) co
cropocrbro 10 xr*r/s trps crpenb6c ua anlouara tr tryJreMeroB tro HeqenflM Ea Kallibre 100 u aJrlHocrtr
troABDnErrM (uoaalxroquucn)
crpelr6ru rorrfia rrprqeJr]rBauuff BIHocErcfl rlpliMepro Ea oArry nrypy

rIo[BEr(EbIM 4enflM.

llpaonnacrpenbdbrrs 6TP, EMtl x rauxa

Cnpe.m6a us- 6ponerpanctroprept
Crpear6a ua 6ponerparcuoprepa trpotrBBoAtrrcn trB xpJmxoftanudepnoro tryneuera KIIBT, cuaperuoro nyneMera fIItT u crperr(ororo
opyrr(trfl trepeB6oxuqrr uo nernodpouupoBanrbru qen.su, xuso cfrlneE
olEeBIM

OpeAcrBaM trpoTrlBEEKA

C MeCTA, C ftOpOTKtrlt

OCTaEOBOT(E C

xoAy.
Cmpe-m6a c il,ecrna Beercfi r o6opoae, upu 4efrcrrtrfix B Saca4e' a
rarrfie B Hacrytrneutrtr uptr orpa;fientru r(ouTparar trporBrtrKa. flpu
arou crroco6e segexus ornrr c oguo srsesofr troatrqutr (ueom 4nn
Morr(er tropa'fiarbc.ff Hecr(oJrbro qeaefr. Vcrauorxa trptrqeila
crperr6u)
rn6upaetcn corJracflo rauepenro ganHocrtr Ao qelrE tr trotrpBr(auAanbEocru'Ea orr(Jrorerg yctornft crpelr6rr ot Eopuanburrx. Tosxa'nptrqe:ntrBartrf, tro Bblcore nndupaercr Ea Etr?rtlreu r(pam EJrtr Ea oepegure
qeru (qentp qerz).
c nopomnoit' ocmarroenu tro paanuqufu qeJIEM
flpasula
cmpettfw
Te r(e, qro tr lrpaBtrna ctpe.rrdn c Mecra. Vctasorra rlpuqena otrpe4eJrrercff coorBercrBenuo paccrotuuxr or trpe4tronaraeuofr ocraEoBKE o
qenu. Mecm AJrfi ocrarono:K MartrtrEIcneyer ru6upatr uo nogiloxuocTE aa yxprrrfrvrn (n cxla4rax Mecruocrtr' aa Kycrapntrr(oM EJIE MecTEcln Mecrrocrb orxprraff, ocrauolr(E Aenam 6o'
ErrMrr nplueratu).
nee ftoporr(trMtr, tro8Bon.flroqtruE rlpouBBeclr,qBe- TpE r(oporRtre oqepelu. PacmffIrze Mex(,qyocranoBnaMu BaBtrctrr or ycnoBuo6cranosxn,
MecrEocTtr, peaynbraroB orH.F tr roroBHocTE CTllenffK'qero K trpousBoAMamnnrl Metr(Ay r(oporr(EMu ocrauolrautr
crBy Brcrpeua. ,{nrxenre
ooBeprtraercfi c MaKcEMaJtbEoroauoxuofi cxopocrbro.
Crnpeao1a c roy a3-Ba a'arrtrTenb'"n)( tr trocros'Epx xo.ne6auufr
dtrronetpaxctroprepa Beqerc.s, ftar( upaBf,Jlo, B rrpegellax Aanbnocru
trpsyoro B[rcrpena. Ilpuqea trpE arou ycraflaBJlgBaerc gornacno aro
AaJrbrroorf, ril B xoAe crpe.tr6n lrotrcer Ee lrexfiTbcfl.
NI( trp&BuJIo' Ea
rro Erilc,ore ru$upaerca'
Tosxa nptrqennBtxufl
ypoBuo flDfisero Kpaff qentr, a uo 6ororouy EalpaBnenulo - B saBf,ctrorgoMocru Or cxopocrtr E EatrpaEnefitrrl ABDI(OE1g fipofetpagclloprepa

TIEJIOBEKA.

flonparxy s ,qszxeune cBoero 6ponerpauctroprepa Mox(ffo y.IurbrDarb c troMotrrbroqenrrfia. Haupnuep, Bo BpeMtr {nanroaoro /IBr{}Kerrnfi
ETP co cnopocrbro l0 rM/.I upu crpenb6e ua nyleuera F .rrro6yro4alrEOCTbtrOIrpaBKApaRrra qeTf,rpeMTblcflgEbrM, trnlr ByM e.rIeEEtM rlrfiaJrbr qeJrtrKa. flp" sroM qeJIuK trqpel{Brrraercs trptr crpe"ur6e B cropouy
BJretrpanoro 6opra BrrpaBo, trpH crpenb6e r cmpony neBoro 6opra BO.

Ecru conepuraercfi ltocoe BElKetrtre EJru crpelr6a trB rlyJreMeroB

na BTP Be[ercn troA yrJroM 30-60' K EatrpaBlenulo ABanfienufl, trotrpaBKr[ HarrpaBJreHr.rfi
rra Bn]r{ense cnoe MamuEDI yMeEbIIIaIorcs B ABa
pa3a.
qacro
VIs rryJreMeron, ycranoBrennrx Ea 6porerpaucloprepax,
BeAeTCffOrorrb B rlpoMer$yfitr, trs-Ba suauron E rloBepx cBotrx II0Apas4enonu, Hacrytrarcqux (odopotrff rorqtrxct ) nuepe4n.
Oeox,as npoileilcyrn.u tL ua-aa finaxnoa BeAercH, I(aK upenuno, c xoAy, c ftoporntrx ocrarroBor( r c Mecra upu co6.rrro4enur cne4yroqux Mep
6esouacxocrrl:
- Toqr(u tranenzs rryrb oqepe4u AoJrrr(nu 6urr galrure cBoffx troApae4eaenu, ,[.nn aroro paocronnne Me)r(Ayqenblo rI FarntrMtr troApasAeJreEtrrME Aonx(Ho6nrn ne Merreo500 u;
- ue)r(Ay xpafrunuz EatrpaBJrentr.ffMuorus n {;raurauu cBoux troApaa4eaenu 4oJDften 6urr upe4oxpannrenburu upouexymx
(yrol 6eBotracrocrtr). Illupuna aroro trpouerr(yrr(ar uauepffeMs B Tlrctrqn[x,
IIpaBItna crpe;rros

194 r;raaa qer*eorarr

t '

195

nyneyergB o
oJIlr{EA6grr npu yAaJIenEn cgotrx uo,qpasgeJlenn ot
- Ire Meuce
yaneHsl,I
6o.nrureu
trptr
200 u Ee Menee 80 mrcs.rsbrx,
40 mrcnenbrx.
6u6 uuxaxlx [peIIflTCTBI4'
B uarpaolegrrn CTpenb$rr se ASJIII(HO
MemarotqrrxtroJreTyoy{Iu.
flpu cmpeao1 ua' nyrteilenzos nosepr c^ou,r noApaaAerreH,uti,Haxoyron 6esouacHocrll paAffqr4xcff rra yAaJrentru 200 u H 6oee or BTP,
15, xoropyro Ha3hrtsarcTIlauMeHr,IUI,IM6e3gtragBen ycrarroB1e np1111ena

ROrrrRy EAIIO OIKIOEUTb rra Ce6H, eL;'v Tpe6yercs onJ,crtrTb cEAps,

pyxofiTr(y cJreyeTort(JroEtrrb or c6fl.
ltouangrr rro KaHaJraMKypca Ir raurata Molrixo lroAa.BarsK paaAeJrbFo, TAX s oAHoBpeMefitro,ornJlol{fiff pyKofiTKy ylrpg,B.;ieEtr.ErryJrbra
orreparopa cpasy B trpoAonbHou nouepeqlloft r"trocKocrax.
Ft nouqy cnx&prnosoeo A\,acmwa nxpaenmopuu HBolrrrr-otreparop
o6saan oqeEETb Be;rr.IuEf,[ orxJroEerrtfi cuaprt1laor JrHErttrBrrgnpoBanH.s
tro Bbrcole I EarrpaDneEtrX)B raprunro IlrocKocTu (u;rocxocrr, nepDeHArKynspHas rnF:rlur ensuponauur). 3ro nantuo An.q troAaqs uepno
ROMAI{,4bI

JNIPABNEIIff

flpu nnaxou crapre cnapfia rroasrcrrpeaxafi r(ouarrg <Brepxr

B uryvae 6o.rrrmux orrtuorenu -or r(ypc rrptr HopuaJrboucxoge rro
Brcorereo6xouua trepBafipeBKatIr(oMaEAaB HatrpaBnenfitr,trporrrnouonorlsou nad.nrogacuoMyorKJrolrerrl{FocHapr4a. llocnc oqeEr(r{ uoJro-

Crpeunda uB 6oeBofi Marrrnnbr trexorbr

IITyP'
jl,rra noparfiellllff I{eJrIIOI'HeMII3 EMIl upraueflglorc-fl HoIIUIeRC
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nyneMoT
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lr3 rroJr.Esperrurr rrplrqena, He trpeftpaqas ytrpaBnentrff crrapffAou ogno
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pyrux cpeqcrn. B arux crysaflx, ecJru B non Bpelrtrfl BtrAEa pyratr
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198

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jlaJlbrrocrb o qeJru, a rrofie cxopocrb .qBtrrteuu.ffqeirlil, TeM 6onrme
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tro Bneore
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Eo9[]rrrrFbrr{ qensM - AO 1500 u. crpe.nrda BeAercE l(oporREuE orrepeAEBbrcrpenon) f, EetrpepbrBno.
ME (4-6 Bnorpenon), AnEEEtiIMn (10-tb
Eoenas cropocrpeJrEocrb - 80-100 rHctp./rrrun. llpnqenrxafl AanbEocrb crpear6rr - 2000 u.
,rn crpenr6u uz tyneMera rIpEMeHfprcf L2,7-1MrIaTpoErc 6pgner
a
6pone6ofuo-Barr(trrareJIbro-rpaoctrpynqe,
6ono-aaxurarenbro,
TaIOXe Aail(utaleJlbnofr nyne MrEoBeEEoro AecrBtrfr.
qeJrfiM xa 6oeso
[,nn aegeuu.s crpenbdhl trB rlyneMera'tro Boa,qy[ErM
MAmUEeycraHaBnuBaercff ctreqtraJlEa'I'BeEETEaflycraEoBKa. ona o6ectrequBaer KpyroBo o6ctpen ptr BeprEr(aJrEhrxyrnax EaBeAeEtrf; nyJrgMra or -5 Uo f 75' no BoaAymh[M qeJI.EMEa EaI(JIoEEBIXAanblrocT.Ex

no 1500rrr.

qecranEel EaBOAKyB qenb c noMoqbK) I(oJrnEMalopEoro trpuqena c yqeroM yJrpe}I(AeEtrff Ea ABtrr$eHue rleJrn E EetrpepbrBHo yAepE(trBaer (cotrpoBolr(Aaer) qenb y BbI6paEEo rosrtr BEBEpoBaEtrfrt g,e4fr oronb ltopoTKtrMn EnE AntrEIrrMtr OqepeAflMu;
- tro rpaccaM - xoMaEA,Ep (EApt,I(anqu) naupaBJrEr tryneMer
(6ea npuqelnBaggff B ItoJIJIEMarop)Bnepegu qenu, orl(phrBaer EetrpepIB:
TpacCbI, u [odEBAerCs CoBMeIqe16 oiOur, Ea6JIIoAAf, sa 11O11O)fieEEeM
trOnolKeEtre tynoMeTa ileqeJrbro,
tr8MeEfiff
EeIIpeF[[BEO
EtrE rpacc c
xaEuaMaMu EaBoAKA;
- SArpaAETeJrbrrrMclroco6oM - uyneMery uptrAaercfi Ea trpeErronar1eyoy rryrtr trponerq caMoJlera (Bepronera) yrol BoBBbImeEtrrItrpuMepro 45a nno KoMaEAeorrprBaercn oforb [nEEEofi oqepeAblo.

oIEs Torll(y BAAEpoBaEufi Ea I(oJIbIlpu'segenutr COtrpoEoAuTeJIbEorO

qe ceTr(E trptrqena nrr6uparOr 1AK, qTOfibI trpoAOn?I(sEEeoOtr Qroaennxa
upomro qepeB llepeKpecrue celKtr IrpEqena.
flllaBnrra crpeatu

207

llpr crpe.nrde uo cntr)Karoqlnucx (uogunuarcrqnucx) Bspronerau

ytrpe)fiAeEuHa crycx (uoqseu) 6epyr paBEhrM 0-20, uo trapamrorrrcrau - 0-10.
flpu crpe.rr6e no neproJrerau E rroJroxerrntrsaBscaxtr.aE tro ocBern*
trepexpecrtrecerfi[
Te.lrbrrhrM
aana6ou6arrytrporr{Aelruere 6epyr, rraBoA.Er
trpurlena B qeurp qeau (n cBerflq,yrocr rouxy).
cmpeta6* rro Bbrcoreu EatrpannennxrrrpoEBBoAffT
Itoppenm,upoa&tutc
IpACCAM,
BbIITOCOM
TOIIIIII trptrrlenl|BAHllfl B CTOpOHy,rrpOTUEOtrOnOtfiHyIO
Ha BeiltrqEEy orxnotrenu.E qerrrpa rpyuuuponauu.s rpacc. Oronr Iro rpac.
caM nprMelrflerefr TorAa, Kor,qa aer BpeMelru Anfl otrpeAeJreHlr.sBeJrrrqtrHbr
yupe?fiAeHxs Ea ,qBtrlxefltrs Aenf, fr Alrfl. ocyqecrBneH.E HaBor(rrB l{enb c
troMoqbro reonnuMTopnoro trpuqena. Crpclarc.(o orripIlaer orogb,,
HarrpaBJrffr cTBon nynoMTArrecftonbKo BtrepeAtro EarrpaBJreEEro
ABtr)KeEufi qeJrrr,. ua6arogaer aa tronortenneu Tpacc trynb orrocureJlbrro qertr
tr, He trpexparqa.s crpenr6u, uoaopaqrroaer tryneile tax, rtodH Tpaccu
trpoxog,ffnE qepoo qenb.
upxueu,Il;r,n uaqexrnoro na6.rnoAenns sa peBynbrarautr crpelr6u
Iorcs IIaTpoEhI c TpacctrPYrcTl{uuu tynffriu E orEoItrEUII ft IIaTpoHaM c
Eerpacclpyroqnutr trynqilE re nesee 1:4.
Oco6onsocrr crperrr6r Eotrlrc. Crpear6a tB rt-snoB torrbx) no sa6aroaexxn
qenau BeAercff upauo ranogro c xctrorbgoDarrneMAxeBroro trJrE Eolrnofo
pnqelre.
qeJrfltt,
npuqer.eBeAercstro ocBqeushrM
Crpear6a c trcrronbaolaltaeuneenoao
a rafitfte no qeJrffM,o6rapyxnnaror{nu ce6s EctrrIlrutatrrl Brcrl]noa.Ilpauuaa
ctpell6u npnuexflrorcn Tarne E(e, RaI( E Areril.
IIpu crpear6e Eocbroc upu6opann Eoqsoro BrAeEtrnA&nrrocrtr odrapyxexna
qere aanncrr or rxurrqecxgx BoaMoxtrocreupn6opoa, creuegtr ocBeqenf,ocrtrr
paaffepoBE r(oETpacrEocrtrqeJrn, oT ETp'edtrpoBalrEocrtr
E trEAtrBuyaJrbBrr
ftacecTB EaEoAgtrfia.
fitrlr now+ux nput4eaoetpa6oraroulnx c uogcnerxo, nbuocr crpear6rr B cpegEeM pasua 800 u. flpr crpenl6e c Eotruux rrpnqenou npuqenbuyro Mrpr{y traanarralol corracno uaMeperEo gaaruoctrr Ao qsntr, Totrr(y trpur{eJluBalufl - qerTp
qenu u loql(y B peAenax r(oETypa qeJlu, ecJra yql|TblBaercfl otrpaBr(a EatrpaBneEIrff Ea ABrrlr(exue qenn Bbruocou mqxlt trpnqeJrtrBauua. IIpn ctpear6e cnap.sAt!a
c sasarrrsoi cftopocrro 6oarure l00O u/c uo[pBfty EatrpaBnetrua Ea ABurReEuoqeJIN II

CBOETO TFRA

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Ocsonso oco6esrocrr crpear6u c EoqEbrM rrp[qeJrox flBJrflercff BacBorr(a

non.s Bpennfl trpuqena ilptr Bucrlrene {s trynu(tr. Ilocae nHctpeJla aftI{tra( B upr6opu uovxoro BBeEsr cBooro ranxe, NtR upBrrJlo, Ee BuAur paprBaE Mecra uaAexr.rr crapsgt rrpq trpouax, rroaroMy uadnrogerue at peaynbrarauu crpear6u
cneAyer aecrn no coco4nero ranxa rrJru c xa6aro4areabaoro nyEI(Ta c noMorqbro
npn6opon Foqnoro ByAeEa, llanrepntr Bernsngy orRJroEeEnEpaapbrBa rrJru Tpacca
tro Brcoro6rrwo se yAaercfl. B arou cnyqae otrpAeJrflercx BEar( paspuna (orxnoueuue) u crpear6a Koppexrupyerc rlo ra6aro4erun anar(oB paBpHBoB. Ecau orr(Jrouerrre ne ua6lro4aaocb, qeJrb Ee troparrcora, ctpeardy rrponoJlxralor rrouepe-

TEJIEI{.

208 ruasa qerrelvrag

nymKIT R odecrresexufl ftopa?fienufl r(ef\rn yveur,menuq omlt6or crpenr6n BB

all sqtro c 11epBoro Blrcrpena ueo6xo4nuo rrrlarenblro rt ttpaBnnbuo corJraeoBbraarb
u noqnoft, n 4ueauoli nprir{eJlln"

EA8o;{qr B IIeJrb trpfi CJre,Iylonle orlcpeIl.

B 6oxt
YnpaanenneGrns*l noflpasAerlegmfi
Opranuaaunfl

clrcreMbr

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l1{fl rrpoTIIBIIIrHa nplrt Bbr IIoJIIIeHIIu 6oesrrx aaaq s 6OrO. 3{SeHtunuOCrn
OIHfl [OCTHIaeTCfl: IIpaBIInbHr,IlI UOIIOJIbAOBIItrMOtHeBhIX CpegCTB B
CooTBeTcTBa c VIx 6oesbrMu BoSIIolItHocTflMq, BlIeaaIIHoCTbIo npllMelreBe[err11e[ ero c trpeeJrr,Ho [JroTtrocTblo a
EI[q, MeTfiOg1bro orgtr,
MaKCITMaJrblr0 aHTeIrCuIlHOCTblO,A Tafi7fie yMeJIr;IM yrrpaBJrenrdeM.
corJlcoyilpaBJIeHE.E orneM 3ar(Jlloqaerc.s B nounperno
Cyqnoclrl
BaHrrr,rx E opraHr.rsoBarrrrbrx ccrBuffx Bcex orlreBhlx cpeAcrB no,qpaSAeJreHr{fl rro yEtrtllo)rieHrrlo npoTtrBHur(a. cor.nacosaHHoe u yMeJIo oprarrrrsorlaHr{oe trpIIMeIIeIII{e IIITaTEIiIX U [pIIAaIIIIbIX OTHetsIJXcpeAcTB IIOApa3eJreHrrfi, yirounnoe rI fletrpepbrBlroe ypaBnenue uMu B 6olo nosuoJrrrroT coSAaBaTb orlleBoe rlpeBocxoAcrB0 HaA IIp0IIIBHIII{OM II B KOpOTfiIIe
cpoKE HaHocr{Tb ellry Ilopaxetrae.
f npaetenue oat'eJn,- ero coBonyflHocrb Mepotrprrgrl4' trpoBoAr4MhIX r(OMarrArrpoM IlopaSAeJrerlu.fl rlprr noroToBxe rr ts xoe
Be4eurrs 6oenr,rx Aectsra B r{ennx nau6onee IIoJrEoro [cIroJIbSOBaHlrfl OrrIeBr{X BOSMO)XHOCTeuo4paa4eJlelrrrfi rr cpeAcrB
ycrlJreuus AJI.E rlopax(euufl orneBbrx cpegcrB z lrrnsoft curr
trporrrBlrufia.
Ono snaloqAeT KOMtrJIeI(c Mepotrpllnutfr , uponOAIIMLrx KOMaII[ttpOM IIopaaAeJreun.fl rIpE oprautraaqurr oruff r{ B xo4e ero l}eAell[fl. B coorsercTBtrr.r c aTr{M ytrpaBJrerrue orHeM Mo}nHo pa3AeruTb Ha oprHl{3aqr{ru
cHcrerrhr orHtr K ylrpaBJrerleorrleM,
irecrnocrlr;
oI{eIrKy
Br(rro9T]
orufl
crlcreuhr
Oprarruaaqua
MecrHhix npeAMeToB; oprarrasHaqeHrte opueETrrpoB rr lto[upoBaflHbrx
rrr{3arlup pa:}BeAKu qerle Hafir1o[egl4eu; nu6op r'r o6opy,4onagrre orgenoauqll;
IIocTaIIoBKy or]reBhlx SaAaq tropaseJreHlrgM' dOennnr
rgx
MArrrrrHaM, orneBhlM cpeAcrBaM; troAroToBr(y ucxoAHhrx AaHHrx AJrfi
crpe;rr6r,r ; ycTaHoBJIeHrre currraJl0B ynpaBJreHr4.s orHeM.
14 garas 1662

llJrag:lra crle;u6a

209

I{ayuznun u otlcnna tzcrnruoernu B EnTepocax peureunn orneBtrx aarr

EBJTETCff qACTbrO OqeIrRE OdCraROeXU.

B ee XOAe OlrpeeilflIOTCR:

5ztv1g911t

Atrrgna6lroAeHrrfl R crpenrdu; uecra (yracrnu) pacuo.noifieHrrfl,BoaMoHiEoro no.flBJrerruaorrreBhrx cpeAcrB trporrlBrrura, oco6euno uporrrBoranxoBblx, TaEr(ootracrreHanpaBneftr.s, Eau6onee BepoflTnbrerrtrparJrenr{rt
gbcrnu caMoneroB n upolhnotarrxoBbrx BeproJreroB; trpe4ronaraeur{e
B Cnyqae Epr{MeErru.s
finepHoFo opyrr{trE; Hannllue
tr8MeHelltrfiMeCTIIOCTTT
trpetrfircBn, aarpax4euu u rrop.fl,qoxorrreBoro odecnesenu.stro4paailelenu trpu rx trpeonoJre-Hrru;rr KaKnx EalrpaEneEnrrx, py6exax, yvacrrax, ftar(tre BtrAr ctrocodbr Begetsn.sorufl rlenecoo6paano trprrMennfli;
A.rrblruerpaHUqI 3oR orKprTtrEorHff E rlopfiEor( BeerrEflorrr uo TaLKaM trporuBnuma [rB rarrxoB, EM[I, C[II, P[II, rro rrexore nB crpe"rrnoBoro opyrr{ufl; BoaMo}r(Eocrr{Begerrns orrrx B trpoMe)r(yrKrr, r.ra-Ba$.uauron
tr troBepx cBoux uogpaale.renu.
f\nn ynparJrennfl tronpaa4eneruflMu q orneM Bo Bcer Brax 6or xonauqnpou 6ara.rrrona (poru) Eaanatrarorcfl euv,e opuerNnl,upd.
tr Moryr
noupoeambcn omettuu,ue recLu,ue npexcntw. B xasecrse opllerrrnpou
urr6nparorpff xoporuo Bu4trr\threAHoME Hoqbrou naudonee ycrovurnre or
paapyrneufl Mecrulile upe4Merhr. Opueurlrpu Hyuepyrorcff cnpaBa rTaJrero r{ no pydexrau or ce6s B cropony rrpornBur{Ka. OnH as opu.er.TfrpoB Eaaxqercrr oclroBnnu, o6uuno H Aanbnoctn 2,5-3 KM B cepegune
(oruc). IIo r;ry6nne opEenrEpbr rraaHqarorcfl Ha
IroJocbr HaoJIro,UeHnn
AaJrbuocrsx - 3000-35@ u. B erax npegeJrax neo6xo4uno Ererb opneElflprir! cooTBelcrByroqEe AanbHocrsM trpflMoro Br{crl}eJra tr trpeAenbEbrM AaJrbnocrsM 4eficrerrenbnoro ornfl raHxon, BMII (BTP).
opneutnpu o6uuno nrrbuparur
,{na uorocrpenrorrux rropaa:Ie"lreun
xa py6exax 500-600 u 800-10t
r, a AJrn IITyP - na py6exax 500
r 3000 u. C yueroTrr aroro trepo4 {ponrou Eacryrrneutrfl porrr }ro}fter
6rrrn raanaueuo 3-4, a B cropoue 4-6 opuerrrupoB Ea 1Byx-rpex
pydexax. Opnexrnprr o6u.rno Haauatrarorcfl c trErepBaJroM,paBEbrMBefiErrtrEe frr:ra 3-00, sro obecuetllrBaer ocrarorrHyro rorrEocrb n ducrpory
qeJreyr(asanna. flpu xeodxogruocru r{oManEpbrpor r{ BBBo,qoBMoryr
gaSHaqaTb AoIrJrrIqTeiIbHre
opEenTrrpbr, I(oTopbrMllpr{uuchrBarcTc.Eyc.IIOBEhIE EAEMI{OBAE'I.g .

Or[e.rr'nuu
)rracrr(aM Mecruocru ({opuaar pe.rseQa) u Mecrnbru
trpe4![erau gnn 6ucrporr opuerrrtrponanuff tr cxpbrrHocru ynpauJrenr.rfi
Moryr AaBarbcfl ycJroBnbre (xoqnponaunne) rauuenoBannflr rrauprruep
.nec <Teuurr:r, nrrcora <fl;rocnag> E T. tr.
Ha6tn0enuc aa npornueH,unolr opranuayercff Bo Bcex BEAax 6o.s u geercE HenpepbrBuJrrlqno r(our{Anpauu rro4pa4ereuu, na6lro4are.ubnbrMu
.IIocraM u na6nro[are,Tf,M. Hadnn,{areJrrrre rrocrbr odrrsHo Eaggaqarlrcn: B MorocrpeJrnoBou E Tarrftoaou 6ararrosax - IBa-Tptr trocra, B pore - oArrE-[Ba na6.nrogatenff, Bo BBBoAo u orl{enenuu (axunafi(e) -- tro oAEoMy na6nrcAare.nro. HadaroAarerbflr{M trocrau B cocraBe
AByx-Tpex rIoJIoDeKsBuaqaercfi. IIoJIoca na6;rrogexnfl, Ir6nro4aroJrrocenrop radlrogenus. Ha 6oenxx ualrrru rrexorlr (ETP) tr raul(oB Bo Bcex
cJryqaEx BeAeTc.sxpyro8oo rao.nroAeune 8 MecrEocTbro, BoS.qyxoM ril
210 rnana qeraerJa'

curtraJraMr Kouan[npa. B ranxax (EMII) cexrop Hadaroqerns o6usuo re

upeabrtraer uoJrrr Bpenr{n npu6opa ctpe.nl6u na6aroerurs E cocraB.rrfler
yroJr Ao 3-00. ,(nn y4o6crna na6nro4enufl a rarrra, EMn (BTP) uecrBocrb B troJroce na6.uroenus o6mqao paageJrflercfi Ea rptr Bor{hr:
dnzxtnroro - no 10ffi u, cpgnroro - 1000-2500 u, 4anruroro - cBbrrrre
2500 u. Ocrrrorp lrecbnoctu Begercff no pj6eniau or ce6s ft trpornBrrr.txy,
ctrpana HaJreBo.1l noqse BpeMs r.uy6ura BoHf,ryMeHbrrraercs.
noaut4uu nrr6uparorcff TaK, qto6u osu o6ecueqnBairr4: xoOew,eebte
pomrrii o6aop tr BogMoznnocrl BeeHtrorlrfi B ocrroBnolr u [otroJrutrreJrbEoM cKropax o6crpera; BoaMolnnocrr crpenr6r Ea trpegeJrbrryn Aan,rrocTb B SalarrHhrx HarrpaBJreHr{sxE llopax{eHr,reilpoTuBHrrKacocpeAoroqeHHbrMorHeM; rraAe;fiHoe yKpr,rrr4e oT orlreBbrx cpe[cTB IrpoTuBHnKa;
cKprTrrre
tryTs IIoAxoAa tr BbrxoAarra 3rracHbretro3uqrlr{, MacfinpoBKy or
raSnrolpnufi trporuBufrKa; BaarrMrryroorneByro trogepxny rr Be4eurreot'Ue-aa s;ranra IIoBepx cBotrx noApaSAeJrennfi.He
EE B trp0Me?r{}*Tr{U,
cneAyer nn6uparl orneBhre troarrlr{n s6flusu pear{o BbrgeJrfiroqaxcfl
rlecrxrx tpe[Meror, Koroprre Moryr o6aersurr trporr,rBr{uxy o6napyixeEtre u upucrpeJrltty, a raKlrie na rpe6nax Bhrcor, Ea Korophlx ouu 6y4yr
upoequpoBarbcrr Ha froue neba.
Oruenne rroarrrlun tro cBoeMy Eaanarrennro troApsgen.Erorc.E
Ea ocEoBHbre,8tracHbre,BpeMerrEbreu Jro)r{Hble.
Ocnonnue orneBbre trogrrqutr trpeguaaHaqIorcn AnR Bblrronneulrfi ocEoBErxdoennx aa4aq s 6on. Ouu nnr6uparclcfl aa rpe6nruu Bt{cor, Ea
Hlrx orprBarorcfl onotrr, o6ectrequBaroqfie ilarqury or rrpnMbrx uonaganu
cnaprrgoB (ny.rrr) rr saqury or opylr{uff MaccoBoro tropatr(entrfl: Ocsosnble
tro3rrqur{ nfl Ra?r(AorGorHeBoro cpeAcTBa yKa5}blBaroTcflHoMaHAupoM
poru (nano4a).
Sauacnrre orEeBhre troasrlu upegnaanarrarorcfl Anfl ocyqecrBnenufl
MaEeBpa I toAe 6ofl, a raroilo na cn5rra EeBoaMoir(Eocrtr BhrtroJruerrtr.Euocretnenrro aagaqu c ocnosno troatrqr{tr. !,an raixgoro BEAa opyx(tra
rn6uparotcrr oAHa-Ane Barracnfle troatrquu. flepexo4 fia sarractrhretrostrqtr u rx BaHflTue trporrEBoAETcflToJrbKotro [pr{Ha3y noMHAtrpa troApa3[eneEuq.
Bpeveunrre orneBre troatrr{trtr HaBnarramrcfi JrrrBbrIIoJrEeHEflqacrnrrHhrx orueBbrx saaq: uoAAep?r(KE[ecrar rrogpas4eneuu, o6oponaroqux rrepegoByro troar{qfiro, [Jrrr 6oeuoro oxpEenu.E, Be4etr.sorur{ Ha
6ourmue AanbrrocTnu Hoqbro.
Jloxsrre orneBble troatrrurn cosgarorcs Jrff BBe4euufl trportrBrruxa B
sa6;ryxgeune oruoctrToJrbno r{crnnuoro Mecronaxoxigennfl ofueBbrx
cpecTBtr AJr.strpuBJleqeEurrEa Etrx ero ofHr{.
B aanucuuocru or cretrerru )'r{pDrrEfl or ua6alo1elrufi r{ orufl upTHBErrK orrreBbre rro3urltru ror]-T 6urr ornpnrr{}rn E Bampblrr,rurt.
Orrprmue orueBbre'aoaurluurIpeIIHaBnatrarorcflgnn crpelr6u upavofr
u ronytrpflMo nanoArco. PIx BarrnMarorrarxtr, EMII (BTP), upotunoTaEI(oBbrecpe4crBa. C ornprlrnx orrleBblx uoauqu Moryr Becru oronb
BCe BtrAEr aprEJrnepEu.
i41

npaa$;ra

crperslw

217

yKpbrrr{ AJrfl JrrrsHoro cocTaBa.

Ilocmax,oena oerre*btr aaav nopaa)eaenuan rrpotrBBoAurcfl 6oeBhrMrrprrKaaoM, a B xoAe 6on - 6oenlru pacnopfl?fienzeu (uo4ase Honrau4rr). ornenr.re SaAarInB rreptro opfarrtrSar{un 6on BKJrroqrorHaBEase}trI{erroJrocorEfi, ceKToponoocrpe.na, yqacrKoB cocpeAororlerrHoroorHE
rr nopflAox ero Be4errtra, pydexrefr ornpbrrtrff ornq tro4paaerrenurrun,
a ArrE aprrrrnepr,rcxrax (lrnnolrernlrx) noqpaage.nesra- yqacrnoB cocpeororreEHoroorHfi r,rpy6exe HerroABrr)r{Eoro
SarparrreJrbFroroof Hs.
' lfonoca orn.fl yxaahrBaercff rra Mecruocru (ua
xapre) verr,rpru.s rrecrHr,rMu trpeMeraMr (opr.reurnpaMr,r,roqKaMra) cupaoa rraJreBoor ce6fl r(
rrporuBnuxy. Hanpulrep, <ilepnolry BaBoAy odoponnrs ouopnu [ynr(r
yroJr rreca, oBpar, nuc. <<[tpyrna.s>.floaoca orHfl: cnpaBa - HycrapHrrfir
rpr4 oreJrHbrx[epeBa, cJreBa- oBpar, orAeur'ur,rgoirlr>.IIIupuHa rroJrocr{ [oJr]rina 6n:rn qe MeneeSpoara rro4paa4eJreuua,r.ny6ra]ra - Ha [anbEOCTb4eCrnUre.rrbrroroorlrff rlopa3eJregug.flo;rocr orHff ooeAHrrx
troApaa4eJrennftgorNruhr rrepexpbrBarbc.aEa ganbuocru 5ffi-600
u or
rlqpe4nero Hp,aq, qro odecuesunaer trpufipnrrue crbrxoB ri rrpoMolmyrxoB
MelfiAyrro4paa,qenenurrMa-.
flonoca oru.fl - orl{eJreruro tr cer{ropruo6crperra - orrrerbrM cpe[crBau (E$fI,
.ETP, raan, .I]TyP, Pilf, iltt) "yraBb!BarorcflctrpaBa HaJrenoAByMff Mecrnr,rMr{rrpeMeraMrr(opr.leurnpauu).
Renr.tquna cexropa He Aorrlfina npeBr{trrarb Berurruuy yr;na .3-00. flonocrr
orrrff R cexrcfpro6crpe.na, r(aK rrpaBtrJro,yr(aar,rBarorc.rl:
porl{ - ftoManArrpoM GaraaroRa, BBBoaM- KoMaHAupoMporbr, rHfiau, BMII (.TP),
tryreMeTrrurtaME rpaEToMeTlruHaM, I(OMaEArrpOM
BSBOIA,OTAeJreEU.fl.
,I{rn pemenrrrr orneBr,rx BaAq tropaaAeJreuuflMEaBuarrarorc.Eyqacrxtr cocpe4ororrennoro olx.fl. Cocpegorouensu orour, BeAero.E AJrfl
uopa)fi eHufi BarfiEbrx qele (paxerur,rx ycraEoBon, uyHr(roB ytrpaBJreEE.fl
,
raHRoB, IITyP, rpyutroBr;rx {Bre) rra EaJrbuocrrrx, rpe4ycMorpennbrx
rrrxaJraMn npuqenoB. Cocpegoroueusu ororrb npauo uauogxo (4.ua
raHKoB - n florryrrpnuo) BAercfl rro Ronftperno o6napymeuno qetu
r{Jrrr rpytrtre qenefi.
Paauepr.r yqacrft oB orrpeAeJrsrortflornenhrMrrBoaMolnHo
cr trwvrnoqpaBgeaenu: IIJrff crperrxoBoro opyxrtrq MorocrpeJrnoBoro BBBoAa yqacroft
cocpeAoroqenrroro olnfl c rrJroruocrbro 70-12 ilynb Ea 1 u uoxer cocratsJrffr-bqo 100 M; AJrfl BBBoAaEMII yyacrox CO tro mEpEEe - Ao
75 r'r (uo 25 u na opy4rre), ro rny6uRe - go 50 l.r; 4ua raunonro BBBoAa
(3 ranra) y{acrox CO uo mupune Mo}Ker cocraBlflrb lo 120 u (no 40 rrr
na opy4ze), uo rny6une - no 100 u.

IIpu eocpegoroqeruoM oflre Mo]fier 6nrrr paanuunu uopnAox: MeroAuuecttu oroub,6ernrr oroub u aJlrraMrr.flpu ne4enurl Meto4uqecxoro
ornfi crpeJrxrcq,Ee EMn, Talrnn rrponauo,qtrr BblcrpenI n onpegenenno
trocnegoBareJrbnocrtrrlepea ycranonJrernble trpoue)fiyrnra npeuenu. Ilpu
Be.qenr{n6er.roro ornq EMII (ranxra) [por,IaBo[trr BblcrpeJrblrro Mepe rTeMUOU.IlpU BeAeHr{r{OrHrr BaJrrraMUBCe
OOCTuC MaKCtrMAJTbErM
crpen.s.rcrque rannu (BMII) npouoBo4.r BbtcrpeJII'I oAHoBpeMeHHotI('
rtoMaEAeKOMaIrArrpaIIoApaSAeEeIru.
Cocpegoroueunnr oroub rrs crpenxoBoro opylr(Efl Iro rraBeMnhrMr{e'
JrflM Be,qercfi: uB aBroMaroB r[ rryJleMeroB- [o {000 M, EB ftpynnoxa'
go 2000 lr. I] qeaax
nndepurrx tryJreMeron, ycratoBnealrbrx [Ia ETP,yBeruqefi fi fl aQfenrnrnocrtr rropa?fientr.rrtrpornBHr{Ka rro,qroraRJruBaerc}l
Sponrarrrnn, t[nanronr,r, uepeHpecturr rr nIrHiHa.nbnnrorour,. Oponranlsmfr ororrb -oloHr,,
naupan.uenurr neprreHI,IKyJrflplroSpouty
qeru. On 6onee 4eficrBurerreu uo r;ry6oxuu I{eirrrM.(Dnanrorr,rfr oroul, -'
orolrr,, HarrpanJrenrrHiiso {naur r1e.nu.Dror BraAornfl nau6onee qeficrnu*
TeJrer{uo ruupoxo r1enu. Ilepenpecrnu oronr, - oronr,, negyqucx ucr
qenu Ee Menee qeM c AByk HatrpaBJreutr.f(uuxtanrnr,r oronr, (ro;rr,xo
Anfl crpeJrxoBoro opyrafl) - orr,Hb, ornphrBeMbr$uegauno c 6rllsnlrx
paccroxuuft n oqnou EanpaBJrenur{.
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ron) negercfi c Ba4aqc yauqronienllr, rroAaBJrenv.fl.ur
VEsroxenae rleJru Baxrroqarctr B Earreceuan efr,TaKtrx troBpen{Aenr (uorepn), npu Koropbrx ona rroJrrrocrbro repfler 6oecuoco6uoctr,.
floAasnen[e qeJrr{BaxJrroqaerc.flB Earreceunu e raxux rroBpe}fiAerru(norepr), prr Koropbrx ona BpeMeEHoJr[trIaerc.s 6oecnoco6nocrtr, orpauuqllBaercq ee MarreBp r{ru Hapyrtraercfl yrrpaBJreune. Paapymenue qenu
B llptrBeAeErruee B IIeroAIIoe cocToflr{r{e.
SAKnrOqaeTcr{
lIs crpelnoBoxo opy?firrfi oronb rra tropax(gntre Beqerc.s o aagarre
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rpauaroMeroB - c Baarrefiyuurrro)fierrtrrru pelxo Ea paapyrueurre r{eJrlr.
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I(OTOpbre
IIpqBJreKaKrrCar Crpe.rrr,6e
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npauo uano4xofi B rrepr{og orneno tro4roroBl(q arnz E c Barpr,rrhlx
orHeDbrx noauuufi.
flpu opraru,raar{[n orrrfl B odopone AaHHbreroroBsrclr no py6extau
(opuenurpau). rge o'fiE4aercfl rroflBJrerruetrporuBurrxa, a rarorre rro HaMeqeIIEIM

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orIoSEaB&EEr U qeneyHaaaflnfi An..EcBoEx' caMoJreToB.E BeIITOJISTOB.
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ocyqecTBnflTbcE roJrocoM.
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orr{pbrrrle orxs rJrr{ uocranoBKy orneahrx aanq, na6lrogenue Ba peaynbraTaME OIrlfl rr efo HoppeHTlrpoBatrIle,MaeBporEeM, r(orrTponb 3a pacxoAoM 6oetrpEflacoB.
Poaaena Haaetn*x u aoaywnua qene., opraurraoBannaa qo 6oa,
Hetrpepr,rnnorrpoAoJr)xaercfla B xo4e 6ofl. r{ro6n yMerb orucr(nBarb qJru sa trono 6ofi, neodxoAsMo trSygrrrb u sHarb pasnEqElle AeMacr(EpyxF
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o6crauonxy r doenylo saga.ry crogro no4pasqeneu[s, KoMaEAEptrpouaBoAET orIeEXy qeJrrr ll pnrruuaer peruenue Ea orr(pbrrue orax. I{ear
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r{JrbMeruaer BhruoJrEeEE-Io
locraB.uenno 6oono BaAsE E yrpo]Kaer
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flo creneEu yflsBf,rocra qeJrb Morr(er 6rrrr y.r(pFTo.uorxpuroft, a uo
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tro pellleHtrro crilpmero KoMar{Ar{pa[nfl cocpe[oroseHufl orrrfi Bcex orrreBr,rx cpeAcr uo
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Itouaunrprr Bcex crerrenefr Aoilxtnbr B xo4e 6o.fl uocrofilntao torrmpoJtuposarub
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217
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po66,n
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c xoAy - yunqroTr(rrrr. -fl -- Axaqtlx. flpneur;
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219

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orneM npnuo nanogxo.
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aprnalepucnoo
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aprEJrrreptrE AecrByer, KaR trpaBEJIO, B COCTABe
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n 6oro AeIITyP)
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(vuuouetunu)
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Iraxo.srcfl opyAur{ paSrtrrlHr'rx xalropon E BtrAoB'xoropbre trrdepT EeoAtrHr(oBr,retro KpyrEsHe rpaefiropuro E MoqEocrb cEapfiAa.

OTItpbITLIX

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Sry aagavy nerqe tsHrroJruum ray6uqe.
IJpEileEeEEo aprur*re;lru

221

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ope[Hero rr rcpynnoro xanu6pa; tro Mecry gecreua u xapaxrepy rlele Ira HaseMuyroi BenuTrryro, TaHXoByro, anr{aqrrorrnyro, bepetonyxr, xopadenrxjrro u roprryru; no cuoco6y rrepeBoar(E- Ha Boatrmyrc u cauoxo,qByro; tro opranxaarluonno trpulra4Jrelr(uocrr - xa sofrcroByn, Koroparr
Ha 6aranronnyro, IroJrnoByn u uBuaouuyro.
tro4pag1eJrrrerc.E
Crsorr,sas aprr{JrJreps rroApaa[eJrffercfl Ea cnegynrque ocnoBrrbre
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paapyrrrenlrs trpoqnbrx naaoMrrlrx coopyrfierru u crpenrdu uo 6ucrpoABlrEiyqr{Mcn I{e.[rrM.flylrxu EeaaMerr[Mhrupu odcrpene [aJrbrrux qereft:
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sa Maple. flyruxa coo6qaer cHapflAy 6oaw;rro Harrarrr'HyrocKopocrl
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mpem6r,r E y4apnouy geficrruro craps4a.
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McchrrarrnoB (ETP) rra sorrbr orur. Itpoue roro, AnBaBr{oHMox{er ytracrBorarb B cocpeoroqelrnoM orHe apruJr.nepncHorpyrrtrr, B MaccupoBaHHOM OrEe apTEJrJrepqs qacTE, ts rrocneAoBaTeJrbHoM
cocpeAoToseEII

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BAJIE.

Oeono no omenau,eJrlryerlfl,irB BaBlrcuMocru or xaparTepa u pagMepa

r{eJIE,trocraaneuuo Bagaqrl rr BpeMeHtr,orBegenl{ofo rra ee BbrrloJrnenue,
Mo,fier Becrrrcb opyqlreM, BBBoAoM
u 6arapee c Bar{prrbrxuJrE ornpr,rrlrx
orueBbrx uoauquft. Orohr Molr{er Becrrrcb B r{ensx ynuqrorfieuu.fl, rro[anJrenu.arrrrq paapyruenafl qenu. Earapea Molfier Becrlr ororrb ognoBperreE-

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231

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r(ouaE[trp 6araper, a [pyruM - r(bMarrupBsBoAayrrpaBneHtrfi.
Cocpeomovennwrl oeox,u (puc. 9) - oronb necno.trixux 6arapefr u.nn
AEBuBuoEoE,ae4ynqncq uo o4uo qeJru uJrtr rpymre qene, Eaxogf;rqsxcf Ea orpanuqeuso nnoqatr, AJr.Eux troAaBneEEfi EnE Jrffurrro?r{enqfi,
nptr gToM pasMepH qenE Ee AOnlr{EDrrpeBrmarb An.E AEBEStrOIraB COcraBe ADyx 6arape - 16 ra, gnr darapeu - 6 ra.

,,Tuz,p

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Cocpe|umo,4erututi

yqacrra IISO nasna{aror EB pcqera ne 6oaee 25 v ua

{i00 u- Ilhpruy
EatrpaBnelrutr trpcBauBarcT
TarrKoorracHoM
opvAue. Py6erxarrrEa Ka?r{AoM
o6qee EatrMeEoBaHEeuo rraBBaEEflMxrrqur,rx anepefi, EatrpuMep {<Jlenu,
cro nopflAr'['urp> u Ap., a Ka]r{AoMy py6exy, Eaqnuafl c Aanluero,xonu EoMep: <Jler-l1, <JIes-2).Crperrdy Beyr tro raHKaMocxoJroqxoSyracnuuu cnapflAaMu co BBpr'IBareneM,ycranoBJrernrM Ea Qyracnoe,
ocxonoqnoe [ecrBse (upuuepuo B paBHoM KorlnqecrBe), no 6ponetpancuoprepaM - ocKoJloqEo-Qyracunruu cEapEAaMn co BspI'rBareJIeM'ycraEa oCr(oJIoqHOeAeCTBEe.
ROn,'reHIrr,rM
IIpn nepeuun IISO oronb orxprBaror B MoMeI{r lroAxoga lanr(oB (ETP)
K rtepnoMy py6exy rr Begyr ,qo BbrxoAaocnonno Inx Macchrr{3 sonn pa3pr,rBoB,trocJreqero oroub trepenoctr Ea cneyroqu py6ex. flepelocnr
oroHb IIo I{oMaEAexo}raEAEpa nItBIiSEOEa.
Ilpu otxnonelrulr EaIrpaBJIeEHflaraxrl (xourpararu) ranxon (BTP)
or rro4rorotJreurrrtrx pydexe IISO nnoAsr neo6xouure fioppeTypu.
(ilCO) (prac. 11) rrpuMeu.sercr
oaH.a'
cocpeomovcHue
If octeoeaenbvoe
Do BpeMfl aprunnepuficxo noAepr{Kl{ arann, Kar{ trpaBuJro.,Ha rny6uny
o6opourr 6atanr,onoa nepBoro arueJronatrporuBuur(a (no 3-4 xu), fICO

oeonr, Tttausuona

Cocpe4orouensrr oronb fitrBrratronoM(usy]rs 6a.rapexun) no yrpuro

xrrno ctrne u ornerhrM cpeAcrBaM rrporununr(a, pactrono?{reunblM B Ea6nro,qaeuux BgBo.qnbrx oopnr.rx Ir\rEKTax EJru Ea BBBoAEbrx o6opoxureJrbu{x uoatrr{trax, Be[]rr Ee Meqe qeu AByMff 6arapex*ru. Cuocod o6cTpena HaSEalIroT,ucxof [s peanbErx paaMepoBq9nE - BEar(JIaAHy
EJrr{ c pactrpeAenenneu )rracrftoB qeirs (rsno nuparxeuxbrx rpytrtr qene) uexr4y 6arapexuu.
Henoeututurt aaepaumenwtw oaonu (H3O) (prc. 10) npuuerxror
EJIfl orpax{efluf, araxtr (xonrpataxu) uexorr,r E TaErtoB rrpornBntrr(a Hetrocpe4crteuto Ea rrepe,queMr(pe cBotrx socx. Illupuuy yqacrra H3Q
Eaaxaqaror trB pacqera xe 6o.nee5O ra xa opy,qne. Pydexan H3O upucnauBaror ycnoBE[re aatrMeEoBaEurr tro EasBaHtrflM ,(epeBeB, EatrprfMep
<Eepeaa>, e[y6r.
cEp.EAaME c ycraxonno
Crpelr,6y Begyr ocxo.romo{yracnruu
B3pbilBaTeJrffEa OCr{OJrOrfHOe
EeCTBEe,a IIpn OTpA?fi8EtrtraTAHtr (XOUrparaxu) rrexorbr u crrerruBrrrefrc.s lrotouexorr, ftpoue roro, rr cEapflAaMtr
c Atrcranqtrosnofr rpy6xo (repnnare;ren) na Bosglrmnux pasprrlax.
Orour orxpbrBaror E MoMeEr trofixoa [exorbr E raHr(oD x py6exy H3O
tr se,{y" o rex rrop, troKa trexora ue 6yger oTceqella or TaEXoBs Ee uper(parur arary (xourparaxy). Ecnu trexora trporuBnllna odxo4ur py6ext
H3O, ssog.Er o6rr{ue An.r Bcex 6arape xoppexryphr E lrepeuocflT oronb
aa HoBoe HatrpaBJrerrueero arar(Ir (xoutparaxu).
IIosuttcnwti aaapa1um,enwtwtioeona (fI3O) roroBfir Ea Eecr{oJrbxux
py6exax, pactroJro?fi
eHHErxEa tryrr ABEIr{eEEf,TaEKoD (6pouetparctropnepon) porEBEEKa. Aos BeAeE.sIISO upnnaexarr aprunnepuro xa.rrn6pa {00 nu rr Kp}'IrHeo. Paccrosuue ue)fifiy pydexauu IISO n aaBtrcuuocTtr o1 cKopc1Tn,qBrur{eBsfl trporEBErrHa Mo}Ker cocraBJlflTb 40092 pra6a rslsn

':,1,"::::,iln"'"ou""nua aaepaum'et'uuat't)t'
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aprr{nJreprrn rxunO Ctr.rIE[II OrEeBbIx CpeACTBtrpgruBllufia EA oTAeJIbHbIx
yqacrKax rr B olropEbrx tryrrKTax, trepeA {portorrr u Ea naHrax Hacrytrax)qnx noftcx. Py6erxu fICO saasaqaror c yrleroM rrocrpoeEut{ o6oponrt

rrporr{Burrxauepee300-1000 u oAuE or pyroro. Py6exau IICO lputro HaSBaHr[flMxEqEbrx anepe, uacltaHBaror ycJroBEbreEaEMeEoBaIrtr.E
upHMep <Jlen>,<Turp> u AP., IIx rryMepyror B uopAKe orrepeEocrltBe,loHHH orrlr{ ro rruM, EaqEEas c 6nu?ItEero py6exa' Ifelu na py6exar
llO() nyuepylor rpexsxaqnl{Mtr HoMepaMtr' IrepBafi r{E$pa KoropIx tlaIr&qaer HoMep py6exa, a Bropa.E tr rperb.E - HoMep rlerru rra py6exe
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rre AorrxrEbr rrpeBhrrnarbi E\rrfl,l8-opygufiurrx
AuBrrsEorroB (nanu6p go
100 r'ru) fi !,iltr nrtrEoMcloB Bcex r(arru6por - 6 ra,
Anfl ig-opyi"_
rrrx AuBr{Brrouon(Ha.uu6pcBbrrtre100 lllr) - 9 ra.
Ealapel BeAer orogr, B cocraBe AuBlrauorra uqrrl caMocroflTeJrbgo.
llpra cauocro.rrreJrr'HoMBeerruuorna 6arape lragnarrarcTr{eJrb, pagMepril
noropo He AoJrlXrrhrupeBErmarF: gnx 6-opygnfrno 6arapeu xanu6pa
Ao 100 MM - 2 ra, xann6pa cnbrrrre100 rrru - 3 ra.
EcnH rronucecrBo opyAn n guauauoue (6arapee) ornuuaercfl or yr(a3arrrrbrx Brrrrrre,MaKcEMaJrbErrre
pasMepbr rpyuuono qeJrE trpouopqaoIIA JI6HO

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crpe.rr,6y ro qeJrflMra l-M py6eme IICO negyr Merorilrecfir* or'eM

c ycraEoBJreEHbrM
rerl1lloM,rra pyrllx py6extax crpe;irdy HarruHarol SaJTuoM r{ trpooJr}r{apTMeroAr4secKuMorHeM.
Ecnlr ilo r4creqeuurr BatrJraur{poBarruoro BpeMenrr Be/Ientrrr orE'I
rro r{errsM Ea AaErroMpy69xe c{rrraJra (xouau4r,r) [Jrs treprroca OIE'I
rra oqepegno py6ex IICO ne [ocJregoBaJro,[pogoJrrr{aror Becrrr Me10grauecrn ororrb ycrauoBJrerrnoro reMrra 6a c-uenr,rycrarroBox
Ao troJryqerrr{fl ftoMarrAr{ (curna.na).
oeneao eaa (pnc. 12). Aprutrurepucxaa rro4Aeplxfia arar(u orrreBbru
BAJIOM MO}I{ET trPIIMEII'ITbCfl,

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N O6OPOUE IIPOTtrBIIIIKA

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PASBEAAEA U EEJIbS,g TOqEO OtrPEAEJIIIT IIOJIOE(EIIUE OtrOPShIX IIYEITTOB.

Aprun,repucxan rroAAep(ftaaraftE orrreBhrMBaJroruupoBo4trrcfl, r(aft

rrpaBrrJro,na rny6uny go 3-4 xu.

12

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Oeneeo Ba"L -- oro crlJroltrHa.s ou{eBaff aaBecai nocireAoBareJlbralrRoBblx E

Eo trepeHocrrMafl tro py6e;nau BnepeIr Eacrynarcnlux
MorocrpeJrnoBnrx rlollpaa4elenu
AJr.fi rroAaBJIeHEq rxrlBo cuntr

""rpoMe)nyrounr'r'py6ema'.oco"nn#aotu"::o""ll"it"""n"#JJ"ff
EoBHr,repy6entu Eaalraqaror vepea 300-1000 u o4urr or Apyroro, a trpoMex{yroqubre - qepea 100-300 rvr.
Ocnosuhr[{ pydexau orlreBoro BaJra rrplrtBal{BarcTc.sycJroBIIbIeHarrMerroBaEus fro HasBar{r4flMritrqHhlx 3Bepefi, Harrpr{Mep<Eapcl, <Jluca>
I4 [P., rrx HyMepyror B trop.flAKeoqepeAHocTl{BeAeHI,tfitro HIIM or}rfi, }IaqEr{afl c 6rurxuero py6exa.
lIa py6elte orrreBoro BaJranBrrar{onyIraaHarlarcro[uu y'racton. ,I{urlrrauorru-breyqacrnr{ Ha ocuonurx py6extax Ey}repyror rpe\SrraqublMu
qlrspa Koropblx o6oeuaqaet uoMep py6exa, a Irropafl
rroMepaMrr,rrepBa.
u rperbfl - rroMep yqacrxa ua py6eixe (cnpana ualcno). Ilporreiriyrovnrre pydeniu rryMepyrcT orlerblro or ocnoBrrr'IxI4 rrlle.ylor: 1-ii npoltextytounmft, 2- upouexyrounnrfr r{ T. A. fdnruanouult yvac, oH orlreBolo BaJIa [eJrrrr na 6arapeEhre ysacrnu. Paalrepnr [l{BlrSuorrnoro lr 6arapeliuoro JiqacrnoB otrpegeJr.ErorIrB pacrlera: ne 6o;ree 15 u - AJItr oHoro
opyJu4rr Hanudpa go 100 MM Bnirrosr{TeJlbHofl lurrtroMeroB -Bcex Ka;ru6pon, 25 v - Arr opyArrfl xann6pa cBLrIIre100 uu.
j{ xr:nanon Deer oronr, oc,Ko.rtoquo-Qyracut
tr c yAapuI'IM
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fiBJlflercfl MaccupoBannnr cocpe4oroqesu61.froro5b, mupoxr MaEeBp
rracr.sMu (uo4paa4e;reuuaur) E orueM Ra uone 6o.a.
Maneep apnlu,r.epucnunu wrcmfr,ru,. (uo4paa4enennarru) aaxnro_
qaercfi B rrepeMeqeEtrtr ux uo
{poury n uo r.uy6uEe B rlenfix oo3.qallr{fl
uaudoree BbrroAHbrx ycnonu AJr.ffBbrtroJrEeE{fluocraBJreEHbrx Baaq.
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Boopyx(elrlreM t rrpe4uaanaqentreu, detrpepbrBuoe Baaauo4ectsne c
o6q,enocnoBhrMu rro4paageJrerrlrflM.u, ycrouunoe ytrpaBnextre trogpasEeJregtr.sM,BoaMo?ngocrr$rrcrporo MaEBpan 6oro, a rar(?T(eEa'uJryqruee
EctroJIbBeBaEIleSaqurnbrx rr Macr(trpyrcq,x cnofrctn Mecrnocrtr.
Eoeso ropff,qox aptulJrpucnoro ATBEBEoEa(6arapeu) (puc' 13)
cocrorT sa doeanx tropsgnoB 6arape (orneurrx naaogon) E trpfiaxxf,rx
pasBeIRE, I(oMaE4no-Ea6nroAare;6aprrrrnepucxo
uogpaa4elerr
yrrpaBnenuff orueM AtrBEBtro(6arapeu),
tryur(ra
trysr(Ta
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trynr(ToB - rrepeAoBoro
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u 6onosoro.

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B3atrMOAeCrrua oe c r&Er(oBrME E MOTOCTpen_
r(oBrMu qacrrrMu u no[pa3AereEuFvu,
,qpyrtrME poAaME socn tr aBua_
que.

13 Baraol, nupnoniiueuauoua

EaAAqrr B yKa3arrHoe BpeM.E.

OTIIEBIX SAAAII AEBESUOE U 6ATAPCA

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cu_
nbr u cpecrBa' pagBep'yrbre
B coorBercr'un
c pemenuelr Kolra'A'pa
236 f.naga nlran

Eoenofr topflAolt orneBoro BsBoAaoctorr ua opy4n, pacnonoxenErrrx Ha orueso troatrqxx. [lx paaneprblBaE4fl aptu.lnepuc6oro AtrBIIar{ona (6arapen) a 6oeso nopflAox Eaaurlalor pafton orr{eBIx uoauqx
(ocnonnofi u aauacno), a rarxe Mecro (oMau4ro-Ea6nro,4atelnnoro
rryHxra. B paoue orneBblx uoauqllfr Ans Kalr(Ao 6atapel nn6uparcr
OIBeBbIxuOSuqU.Y4anesue Me?IiAyIIUMtr AOJIS{EO
oAEy r{nu EeCXOnbI{O
6nrr se Megee 500 u.
ao, noaut4ueri EagbrBaercfl :y'rlacror(Mecruocrtr' eass rr urr
OaH,e
6oeamuu
troAroroBJleuxu x gag.artrro opyAu.Mtr (Mfl.ous1qtt,
MarrrEEaM[, rrycKoB]ilMu ycraEoBItaME IITyP) AJrrr EeAeEuff ornfi.
Oruennre noatrquu nogpaaAeJr,arorc.sHa ocnoBnhre, BpeMerrnIetr 3aIIACE}IE.
o aveaclfl noauqun trpeAua3narr aero fl nnfl EhrtroJrneutrfl orAenr,O cH,oeH,afl.
B uoJroEhrx orueBhrx Ba[aq: troAeplxxu rropagAeJrenu, Aeficrnyrlqux
nepe4oByrl troau4trro, tro44eptnxu 6oe'
ce o6ecuesemnfr u o6opouaroux
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237

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noauq,u BrrtroJrt.Erorcfl Bagarru KoqyroqtrMr
apruu.nepucKuMlr rropasAeneHrr.fl
Mtr. 9ru noauqutr o6brrrHo.Bbr6rparorc
6lume K uepegnelry Kparo.
Sanacx,aa oaH,eeoa.
noaut+u.n trpegHaauasaercfl An.E MaHeBpa 6arapeu
f,ntr trpE B[ilHy]xfierrnoM ocr&BJTeEEEocEoBEo orsenofr noatrquu u o6opyyercfl BaoJraroBpeMeEHo.
Manenp Ha aatracEyro tro8ruluro, NaK rrpaBUJIO,CoBeprlaelcfl Ail.fl lloAeprl{r(tr KoETpaTaH unu AJrff perneE.Eor._
EeBbrxBaasB rrHTpecax cocee, Bnrnyrngeunoe ocTaBJIeEueOCsOsso
orxeBo rrogtrqnu ocyrqecrBJrflercfl rrpu orxoqe uJrtr B cn)rqae HeBoBMoN{Eocrn BbrrroJrrrenr{fl
orneBbrx Bagarr c ocnosxo or.HeBorroarrrltr[ BBtry
ee o6crpena apru;rlepue trporuBuuxa, raJtera aBuarlutr rlJrrrBapalr{enufi
paftona orpaBnffroqanl,tr DIID. pauoaHTuBEEMrrBeqecrB&ME. 3auacnag
OrIIeBafl IIO3trIIUfl SaIIIIMaeTCflTaI$(e B TeX CJIyqaflX, I(OrAa EaUMeHr'mUe
trptrqenbr c ocEoBHofi orneso tro3trr{tru He troSBoJrflroTBecTn oroE,.
,{,nn naegenus trportrBnuna B aadnyxtqenue ornocureJrbxo pacrroJro,r(eEEtr orEeBbrx trolpaSAeneuu uo trJraHy craprtrero KoMaH,qtrpaMoryr
o6opygoBarbc.E Jlo?nEbreorrrenbre rroarrqur,r.
Moryr EaauasTbcfl Bblnu4areJrrrurrre
,II,.nn uo4paa4enenu IITyP
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u 6nrctpoe Br,rBr{}fieuue
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flpu urr6ope oruenofi rroauqrrl ua4o o6paqarb BrrrMarrue Ea xasecrBo

rpyura. Ipyur goJrrr(eH6ntr Aocraroqrro rBep[brM, Eo rre Kar{eurrcrr;rM
tr He lrhrJrbubrru,Taft r(ax Kauerructn rpynr Barpyluxer trElneuepnoe
238 f.'roou o,rrao

utr?_

r[Ea.

Ourenrre lroatrrlurr Moryr 6rrtr eanprrrbrMu I orrpbrrbrMn.

Sanpwmoft EaabrBaercflorrreBafl troauqr{fl, Koropafl yr(punaer or HaBeMEoro Hadrro4ennfl nportrBrrrrna Marepnanbnyro qacrb u cr(pr,r*aer
upu BeAerruEofHg.
AbrM, I.IhrnbI BcfrbrrrrKnBErcTpeJroB
Omnpwrno HaabrBaercfltroarrr{tr.fl,na xoropo MarepuaJrbuafl qacrb
Ee JrKpr,rTaoT rlaSeMHororra6nro4eHrrfllrporuBrruHa trJru, 6ynysq yaplilTofr u BaMacxrrpoBaHHo,crauoBTcfl Ha6rro4aeMo upra rle4errr{Rornrr
(uonuenne,qHMa, IrbrJrq, BcrrbrrtrKtrnr'rcrpenon).
Orxpurafl orueBarr
II0BEqnfi o6rr.rrro aaHEMerc,r opyguflMr{, trycnoRbrMu ycranoBHaMrt
IITyP, trpeguaHaqerur,rMnArrfl crpenb6n up.auofr nanogro no 6ponu-

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!39

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ycrpaEBarortff yKpbrrEfi Enfl ntrqEoro cocraBa, tqraqe n anrouo6nle.
B gunuauore u 6arapee nrr6uparorc n n.olopygyrorc.c rrcMag4'o-Ea6nrogarenrnrr rryrlr(, a trpu neodxo4ruoclu E BCtrOMOTATeJTbET{e
ga6nrcra_
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AuEaEOEa(6arapeu) c xeodxo[frM+rME Arff yrrpaBneEE.s JrEtrErMcocraaou, upndopau E cpe4crBr[E or'rgvt.
II epe 0oeo H,a6r.o ameaanw, ny n nm trpeEaauaqaerc.fi nfl pa' EeAr(E
trpornBrrnxa, trpocMorpa 6luxsnx
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na6.nrcqeuuff B pe3ynbraraMlr crpe.undu E KoppeKTqpoBaEtrs orEff.
flpa opranusaq'tr B AuBu'uos,e cotrpfirfie'Eoro uadrbnesnfl 6oxoaofr
tryEKT ero, KaK trpaBuJro, coBMeqaelc.ff c KOMaE4UO-radarcgareJrEIM
n)'rrKroM r(oMaHAtrpao4no ue 6arape. ftouau4xo-na6.nrolare.rlnrrfr u
nepegono na6nroareuruwfr u;mlcrsr uoryr 6utr uoArraxmum,. 3ro
ocodenxo Ba)fiEo B MaEeBpeEEbrxycnoBqfix coBpeMeugoro 6o.s. Hanu.rse
troABAlKEbrxnad.nro4arenbEhrxuyEr(ror n 4unuuoEe s darapee o6ecuequBsr yrIpaBJIeHEeorlreM E MaEeBpoMc xoAy rr
c xoporaEx ocraEoBor(,
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gecrau.a aprurue_pucxux KoManqnpon c rouarg"pau"

6araJrborroBq por.
Itoaaau4uo-aadnroarenrglle rr BctroMorarenrutle na6nloqarenruue
nyrrKTlil o60py4ylrrcff B trE?treEepEoMorsorueEEr rr MacKtrpyrorcE.

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B pas-

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grllx tso[pocos ueoOxo-

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qecxo ttocneAoBareJrbrrocrtr.
flpa nogroroxe I{ BeAeEro ornfl nonauup opyun o6aaan: o}rorperb opyne t{ rrpoBepnrr padOty MexaEI{aMOBiIIyJIeBhIeycTaEoBI(n[pllqena, AABneEueB safiaTllnr{e u RoJlirqecTBox{ufiocTr{ B TopMOSeoTr{aTa (coaMecTEoc apTnnnepnrlcr(EM
Iracrepom), rpoBepuTl cocTosalIe n pa6ory npnfOpon oc3elllouq, IIyJIeBLTeJIqEIIE
rpnqennBansr (no rqurarr lr yga;rerno. tovxe), cEffTb ocaJror( co cuap.sAop BoBE-'
Moro Barraca, flporeperb sacyxo fia.EaJrcroona, paaofiparr, Bacyxo lrporeperb n roEXIrM cJlOeM CMaSATLSaTBOp' flpoBep[Tb BbIxOA OoEKa.
BEa
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B o6naarsocra
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u ocBenregle'
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Mezanux-eoumeta
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r{ooTll, SBynoByro 11eBeToByIo cHrflaJlrrSaqnlo, EaTffr(e,Eue peMEfl BellTrrJrflTopa, KoMpyJl.g, coqneEeBrle pyJleBrx TEr TopMOSOB' EX
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u sx Rperuexlle B rses1ax' cnet r {a6atapefll
oJrexTpoJrnra B axxyuyJrf,Topuux
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aaEsx Sonapax, clotr*ourxaJr,
oxna)fiarorqe xa4xosocrr CMV-, upoBepurb, Eer irlr B coeAlruesrr-flx uontexaru
crltr roproqero, cMaBoK n roplroano xilrr{ocrrr, saJrlr.nre I{ yKnaAKy oAlrlenbcKoro
pa6ory goliuponepurt
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faTenfl HA paEr,rx O6opOraX I(OJIeETITOrOBAJIa, cI(eIIBf,Ie yCTpOtrcTBa, BaIIOpbr E
Ea cBoe Mecrg E K<>
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JIOHU s yTOqstrTl' SAAaCy' IIOJTySEEyIO OT CfApIIIer0 atIaJIbEIlftA.
s ro{ cnyqae' ecntr Marepur pear6e
nororoBJleunrru
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cUoCO6aenttn BbIBepeILbt, MeXaHIIBMII EaBeAeEtrE E ypaBnoBefllynarOntF
otrperynrrpoRaEH TaKr rrlo maTxocTb cTBoJIa, MepTBHe XOAH E yCAnAfl. EA MaXOBtrKaI
rpe6onaauxu,
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r Eacrlrureaatr

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..8 conpeue'Ehrx ycnoBtr.sx BDrcoKu rpedonantrfi r( trocrosxno 6oeao rorossocru aprtrJrrepucrux nogpage.trerr. Ilpanruxa 6oeso
rlomoroBKr trOKa3rBaer,,
rrro lBopqecxu troAxoA rouarigupon E Bcero
JrErrEorococraBa n pemeEEroBonpocoB 6oeso roroBEocltr QdeCUeqqnaer
peanbEyro BosMolr(Eocrb Anff coRpaqeEtrff cpoKoB rrptrBeAeEtrfl 60enoro
opyrr(rff u rexEERtr n 6oro.
240 r.nasa 11aras

B nactyn.nenflH Anunsrou (6arapea) ro raauuogectnnu c -qpyruMu

cpecrBME tropa)IteEq.s Br{rroJrE.Eer eneyK)q,Ee SaAarrtr: IrpEKphrsaer
BrABrrcentre rr paaneprrBarltre qacrefi E nogpas4enens Ant EacrytrJretr IIoAAep]ItEBaeTux aTal(yi BOCIIpeqaeT BLIABE]I(eHE.fi, UOAIOTaBJItrBAeT
H-uepeeepBoB rrportrBnnr(a I{s rny6flnr o6opourr r[ orprfiaer rrx Konrparaxr, rrogelDr(uraer BBoA r 6o BToprlx ruerrosoB (peaepnon) u 4eftcrBEfl, TaftlErrecxoro Bo3yltrEoro AecaFTa, rroAept$EBael 06qeno=
trpE
BoAEr'rx ilperpaq'
cKoBEe rroApa:rgeneuu.tr upu rfopcnponanun
16 Saxaa 1882

Irpnueuetrre aprnnaepsu 241

oBnaerf,E lrpouelr( yrorIErHE o6oponurenbulrM troauqufi Mtr (py6ex artrn)

E rrptr trpe,cneAoBaEtrtrtrporEBEtrRa.
Br,ruourss arn Ba,qaqu,uBtrauor (6araper) tropax(aer cl)crRa flAeps
EOIO tr XUMErreCrOrOEAIra[eEtrC trpOTtrBFnKA, ero aprnnrrepdcxrle
utrEouerrr.re 6atapeu, trportrBoraxnoBbre, BoEETEE[en pa,{troaneftTpoEEf,re cpegcrBa, tryEr(Tbl ynparnexrfl, Tanr(tr u 6porupoaaEqwe uamEEhI,
coo)nf,Byro ctrny f, orEeBHe cpegcrBa, paapymaer {opru{nraqronnbre
pyrr(exu,r. Sa4aqu tro orneBoMy tropax(enuro lrporBuur(a B EacrytrJlenun
AtrBtratroH (6araper) BrtroJrufier I Eepuoq apturnepucxo uogroroBr(E
arar(u, aprunneprcxo uo44epx(xu araxtr u prunnepuftcxoro coupoBor(AeEEfl EacrJmneEER n r.rry6nne.
fl,nrnsuou (6arapen), KaK trpaBuno, AecrByer B cocraBe aprrrnrrepncxo rpytruu (grrnauoua). ,{unuauou (6arapen) uB cocraBa uonxoso
rpyrnrr uoxer 6r'rrb EaBEaqeEAnfi tro[epxxu 6araaroaprnrreprcxo
xa (poru). B xoqe 6os Aunuason Molr(er 6rnr upu4as 6aralrouy (pore) .
Ha uepuog, apruulepncxo uo[roronr(R E B xo4e Eacrytrnenu.s orueBf,re tro4paagenentrE [trnf,$Eona (6arapen, ratog) Moryr Bf,Igenffrbcfl Anq
yE[Irrorr(eEun qanefi orEeM upnrro uarogno.
flpn noeomoil ,urcrnyrra,eHt!.frc roy ya EcxoAgoro paona (paona
cocpeAoTorrennn) [urustroE pctroJraraeTcfl B Jru(aEaEEoIr[eMy paone
uo6arapeno B tropfl,qne, o6ecileqtrBaroqeu 6rrcrpoe u oprEuBoBEEoe
BlrABtrtr(eHEe.
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uor)n 6urn paarepryrI EadnloAarenbxr're trynxrnr. ItoarsecrBo, uecro
E BpeMfl Ex paaBeprlrBEtrfl otrpeleJlser crapmufr rraqaJrbEtrr(, EcxoAs
na yc.rronuft o6crauonxu.
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orxeBrx noauqu, trpoftnagl(a fta6enbrrx lunr cBffau, 6aunctnqec[pOnOABOS
E trOATOTOBIta
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Totroreoleanqecnaff trpRBfiBKa o6rrqso Boanararorcs Ea Brcunaeuylo
or AtrBf,aEoE aprunneprcxyrc paaBeAlBrenbryro rpprny. B pafion orEsBf,rx uoauqr [EBrnBuoE(6arapen) Bbrgnnraercff, Nar( [pBtrJro, Hoqbro
no sapaEee paBBeAaEEouyMapmpyry.
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crlruneEufl EJrE c EarrJro[ aprr;uepufrcno
Ifpu nepexoe E Eacryrrneutre c xo4y Eenocpe.qcrBeuuo c Maprtra
EBsBtroE (6atapea) Blr4Btrraerca n o6opone IrporqBEEK& B cocraBe
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EIIE B coctaBe l(onoufi rJranubrx cu.n. llogpaa4eneuux .aprnnnepuftcxnri
paBBeAr(E brrllBurarorcn o6usso aa noApBAeJreEErMIt troxognoro oxpaEerrEff. Bu6op E Tolroreole3trrre,cRy() trpuBff:rRy orEeBrrx nosuqr ocyqecrBnf,er
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(6arapen)
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IC naaoAro, EannrraeT orEeBlrp troaEqEro, Kax trpBtrno' Bo BpeMtf

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pagee IIoc(6arapee)
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c nuxooM KOuAEAtrpa rroAAeprr(trBaeMol'o
ROMEEEpy (navanrruxy).
(porrr) a paox KoMaEArro-xa6angarenrEofo tr)rEr(Ta AtrBu6aralrona
BRoEa (6arapeu) Koiar/ltrp fi11Bratroua (6arapeu) ycraraBntrBaer c Etrlt
JlEqHyIo cBsSb tr rlepeMeqeTcfl Buecre c EtrM.
II onorqauutr apr'nnepxcno tronroroBr(tr ara*u,4nBEBtroE (6ataper) uo KoMaEAecrip*e"o aprul.reprc*oro Ko'a'gnpa (navanrruxa)
nepexolrrT R BI{IIoJIIIeE[n O.I'EeBIIXAAarI B trepEOA aptun.neprfrCxo
noAeplfir( aTKr{.
16.

flpruexeulc

aprun'repru

243

,{,uruauou (6arapea). flpl4onenaeMmiin neqenun orlrfl MerooMtrocireoBaTenr,Hqro er'o cocpeoTorlexid-g,o rlarlalrM apnu44,eptlcnoft, noeprcnu elnanu o6uqno upoAoJrx{aer Beorl{ orour, no qe.flIr }ra [epBou
unu uropnne py6exle, Koropyxl OH rro4aBil.sn B IIOcJ'IAIIrfrogreno HaneT
B treprloA aptu;r.nepucxoii trororollxu araxrl. Ttl,uauauon rrcpenocllT
ororrb Ha lrocnt:ylolque py6exu no xoMallau (clrrua"rau) xouaugupa
6alaaroua u.rrn KoMaH[rpapr]tJlltlplucHo rpytrIrbr' flplr unq4epxine
ara6rr MeroAoM olrreBoro BaJIa c HaIIa"tIoMaptra'n;repracxong44ep?fixlr
ararilr 6arapeu n xpa'rvaiiuree BpeMu nepeuocrrt orollb ]ta CBoII yqAcTHu.
lfepenoC ofIIg IIa uoCJleAyrlll{ue py6eil{H oI'I{eJJoIo BaJIa poIlsBOAtIT
rlo KoMaEAaM(tfiI'Ha,lau) nouarr4npa aprun,leptrfrcno rpyulrbr. EeaotracHoe yAa.ileHue or paSphIBoB clloux cHapfloB rrpllHEMaelcfi paIlHr,IM
.rrr Mol'oclpe,rHoBbrxtrOpaSleJreuu,araxyloultrx B trerlleM IrOpflAXe'Ilo,4pa-rge.;lenrtii-200 u100 g, rra IIMII (BTP) - 300 M, ilrl.n rag111o.&hrr
ltoua,r;1up AI{I]I{srdulla (6atapelr), uSrIaqeurrol'o \rtr x)Aeplr(KIr
6ara;rsolra (poru), trepeMeq,aertflco-sMecrtluc KuMaltl4pou6ara.nloua
(pntu). [touarr4xp Ar4Brrano]Ia(6arapen), xpr{Aal{Holo datanlouy (poTe), rrepeMelrlaerc.EconMec.'t]Iot xoMalr4rlpou daranloua (poru), ne4er
pasBeAfiy trpoTuB-nuxa I{ lra6nloaer 3a ecrBuflMrr arar(yx)Il(ux lropaaAeneHu, trpu eroM no lio.uauAe (curna.rry) KoManAI4pa dta.nlona
(porrr) E tro Jll{qrrofr ranurluatlrte llopailtaer DHOBr BLaBJIeIIHhIe TaflI(r,
IlpoTrlBol,alll(oB}{e Ir Apyfl{e oIIIeBbIe cpeAcTBa trp01I4BI{I{Ka,IlpetrurclByrutrIus arafie troApaseneHu u pasBErl{ro HacryrrJleEtrrr B fny6nny.
B arnx ycrounflx B I{eiIflK odectreqeEu.fl rretrpephlBnocrl{ pasre4xr
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ofiqeaoCxoBblplI

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oT

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arar{[ rrpo4oJl]fi aer BecTu Or.onb'
o
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ua i{aJror{ a
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Ilo
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qetll 6arapes yEurITOlKaeT OrHeM I{eCKoJIbI{ux trJIu Btex opyAuii. lIoC.lre
BhrnoJrrrerJEn 3aaqu 6arapex eiicTByeT B cooTBeTcTBnn c pactropfl,|teuueM KoMaHI(pA AIrBrnsIrOHa.
c HaqaJroM arans rlo Korilalrqau
],Innoue:rNa.r 6arapen Saraqlona
II tro 11r1trI{uaTuBe Ro}IaIIAEpa
(potH)
6ara:rr'oaa
HOMaHAupa
{cnrna;ralt)
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tfiasHauE
troApalleJleHft,
alafie
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(po'ru).
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l/A

r:rasa sntcrlt

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npnBJrer{aeurr X uOCueAoBaTe.[b]IoMy COCpeAorOrIeHIIIo OrIrE (ol'TreRo1.(t
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t{vrbcfi Ha Hetrol{roroBJreHno olHenofi uoar{lll4u AilH BLITIoJIIIe}IEr RIrcBanrro noanuxtuefi orlrenoli Sa1aclt"
Ilpn eeo1e e 6o ernopoao ?tuerrott& 6ara.nr'ona rrpnganwhri q.{I{ Fa3FaTIeHHrt AJrn troJlAepixLI r{Br{auoH orrIeBbIM HaJIeroM flopax{aer lrillnYt(}
n na {rnanrar
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py6ema BBoa n 6o Broporo ome"'rona. Araxy tl uocJreIllyrcryrle ;leiicl
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AmeJIOIIa gJIR EaBITaTIeHEflIIJIE ee lro'{eptriEU, BbIIIOJIIIfleTOrIIeBhIe BaXapoTbl .
clr uo uopa?r(eEro rrporaRHr{Ka, rrpe[FTCTByrurqeI'O HaCTVITJIeHUTO
cuJI
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xHMtrqecKoro HanaeHlr.fl. apTnJlJrepficxux I,I MtrHoMerHr'rx darapeii lr
pesepBoB rrpoTrlBrluHa.
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a npecteosatuu-q npopaBBIrrI,I-a Hacrynnennn
B clyuae yctremxoro
(pore) ilepBot'o
nlllntul.n AtrBuatrorr (6arapea), trpEAaHHhr 6aranroHy
AIIIeJIOHa uJIa COCTABJIflIOUeTOuepeAoBOE oTpfiA' BbICbIJIT IrOApaSAe-.
paaoeAKrr coBMecrHo c paanenofi 6ara.nlona,
rerrtrs aprral.nepnfrcno
nsro4oo)
cBoeBpeMer{Hoe lrepeMeqeHue 6arape (oruenux
opraHnsyer
Ilo/IpaSenesn.
EJIE x BxOTr{AeE[e B KOJrOHnbrO6qenocxoBblx
B 6oeso
ilpu ueo6xo4nMocrtr AEBEBtroH (6arapen) pasBeprllBaercff
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lflor Bbrxo odrqenocnoBhlx floApasgelenufr
ct|raM [poTtrBHr{I{a. BlilrronHfleT Salaq$ tro 3xpennenr{K} SaxBaqeEHoIo
py6clia
Epu,ldcBetiIre aprrt*,repnn 245

Aprrueprcru

4nnnanon

(6arapea)

no acrpeesou

6oxr

i[rnrranon Bo Bcrperutox 6oro rdorr(er 4ecuoearb B cocrane rrepegoBoTo orpflAa, aBarrrap4a (doxonOro orprga) Errn B cocraBe rJraBEhur
c[rr, dalapea - I cocraBe roJro.Bsoi (6oxorofi) uoxo4uo Bacranr,
rJIa.BI{hrr cra daraaroua trJtf, B oocrang AtrBEauorra.
04nnx na naxnemnx yc,noau, odecueqnsa()qrlx Aocrn]lieutre
yctrsxa Bo Bcrpluox 6oro, salaercfl ytrpe)riAeutre trporf,Burixa B o1npTIIH alnnnnepucxoro orrn. Iloarouy gecrnna Axnraauona r darapeu no
Bcrpe.rrnor{ 6oro goaxur ornrrrarb&rr MancfttraJranofi drrcr.porofr paanepTbrnarrqff s foesofr trop{Aorf , rdar(crxaJlHrMeoxpatrlenf,eu BpeueEE rra
rroAroroBxy orx.a, runpoxo nnuqnarnro,
cueJlocrbro E peruf,Te.nblocrbro B&gx KoMaHA;rpoB, 3m 4ocrurerc. rrogep?ffauxeF nocroanao
ruToBr{ocrn AtrBEBorr(6arapen) r( Br.lrKxrn.errnloor'rre$rrx aa1as s npaBfrJrbntrrx pasxeqeuueu ero B rroxo4nou trop.sAr(e odqeroficxoso. qacrr
EJrff treApasAneHtrfl.
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orxpbrrrx Saanroa trogpaageaear:, oTpatRenne arar( TauNoB r uexorbr rrporrrnu[r(a, rperr.flTcratre
orxoy trportrBnrrr(a E ero BaxpetrJrerrrrroH BhrroAnhrx py6earax.
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trporriBoraaxoBbre H Apyrrre .orHeBhlecpeAcrBa rrporrrBrruxa. C upnnarus{ peurHriltr ftoilafinupou ofqenocxosoro
tro,epaaAeJleurtfl, Koropouy
gpEAaII IrBusEo, ua ec,rpevHrrfr 6o EJrr{ c uonyqeHueM aaarrE or
crapruero aprta:repncxoro
Kouantrpa (rrasalrnura)
fioxarr4rrp AsB[3nofia yToqH,EeTSA,qAqStrO pasneAr{e trpoTnBrrnxa, craBrT trxtr yToquger doeshre gaAaqf, troApaaenexu.Eu,opranngyer BE{ABtr}rieEEe
u paaBeprtrIlaurre gBuguoua n 6oeao nop.ffAor, yroqarrer tropflAox Baarlx(F
4efrctnua c o6qeaoficr{oBbrMrr tropaa4ene$rrrruu E yrrpaBnrrer orrreu

EOrO lryErla

ycTagaBntrBaer

JIEltHyro

cB.Eab c

troAeprr(uBaoMoro odq,enocxoBoro lloApa8[eJreurlg, c

reT) saAaqs tro pa.8DerutetrporEBrrt, IIo roroEEotltr orEoBBrt
D!, OTxpbrBaeroroEb rlo paqBeAaEEIu4enEu.
aaasan 6on amapeq eiicmnyrou4ae s cocmnoe eo'Pat0' noxt&
tro ctrrnany (xouan4e) r(ouarr4npa sacranbr 6rlcrpo paerema&t
s 6oeso tropflAon a orr(pblnaor orolrb rro trportBuxlsyrrpoTf,Bf,x9E Bclpese c noApasAerelrtrflMtr pasBeAr(tr tr oxpaEeEtrfi
SABnCEMocrtror yc.nonr MecrEogrg 6arapex pasBeprrrBaerc.s Ea
orEeBO rrosEqsE r JrEErrrornagTr{enE or{eM trptrtrofr EeBoIt6oenne uaHau6oree BatfinIe qens (rannr, dponerpaxctroprepx'
goxorbr, trpolnBolaffKoBbre cpeAclBa) Jnruqlox(a()rcfl orEerd Eerx opy4u. flocne pasrpoua ronoBlo uoxogofi aacrano trpotrpoTf,BEEXa darapex cBepTHBAercg B KoJIoEEy'
Eyr)4ero
cBoe ffecro B rq]roEEe ronoBEo rroxo.qHo aaolaBrr E trpoonABfl(EEtrE.

ps Eclpeqe c trpeBocxoAfiqtrM tro ctrJIe trpoluBlruftoM u 3aEf,rtrE

iao uoxoAso aactano BbrroAHoropy6,elr(a6atapeR, RaK trpaBtr4o'
s Ha 3ar(pHro orEeBo uoauqqn, EaHocEl rropajffeEtre
lalrr(aM E rrexoTe rrpoTEBUn, coBMecrHo c Apyrtruf,
ll orpKaer aro araxy, upuxpr{Bael (narrrtr ronoBrro q'
aacTaBbr.

Itattlnlon,i ermsgnu4uii e cocmaee nepeoeoompaa (aeaneapa),

lnerrllro KorarrAsp o\rpnqa (aaaHrapga) paarepmrBaetes r 6oeso
[ot(, oTKptBaeToroflb tro trpoTrfBlrEr(y x ero rroAxoA.flrI(rw fionoEloAep,ItllBaer qecBufl ronoBlro troxotro SacraBb[' trpurtprBaer
l[e'

paABeprhIBaIIEe

tr IIOAAepE(trBAer aTAXy IJIaBsbIx

CUI tr

orps4a (anaurap4a). B qenax o6ecsesernn 6Hcrpotu orr(pf,rorna darapetr aaEuuarlr orlrenIe troanqna, Ee clltrTa.rcr c upy4o6xecrEocrx, Totroreoeauqecxaff trprnBflaKa ocJrqecTBnf,elcff rlo
Earapen uo Mepo roroBnocrtr' Ee ox(trgafl ftoMaE KoMaEAIilpa
,Ha tr pactropnxtenn (curuairor) xoMaHAEpoB odrq,erocnorw\
sfi, cauoc3oflTeJrbno orxprnarcT oronb IIo paare.qaE[ru
E Orpa}Ita()l alarcE trpoTrlBErrr(a Ea roroBEyx, troxoAryro 3a-

',4nBn3ffOIIa.

flpx uocrauoBxe BaAaq fio[ar{AnpArrDnauouayxagrrBaer: gAaqrr rro

uoiqep{r{etropaseneHu tepe4oBoro orpqa (ananrapAa, 6oxoBoro
rlrpa4a); orneBbre BaAqu tro tropalxenrrro cpegcrB xrlunqecxoro E flAepIIOIO HatraAerrl[s rrpoTriBrr{xa, ero tro&\oAfln{sx KoroaH rr uo B0ctrpeq,eHrrro ux paSBepTrBaflEs; SaAaqs tro llpw(prrrrrc pasBepThrBarrE.srr troAepxrxe aTaKrr rJraBrrhrx cuJr, rratraJro E trpoonlf(rilTeJrbnocTb orHeBoro
Ha.rrera uepeA araxo; paonu orneBbm uoauqr r,r KouarrAno-ua6,nroBlleurr
Aarenbrrux tryur(ToB 6arape, ocrroBrroe Earrpannelrtre crpelr6u;
rororocrf, K orr(phrr[ro o rrr.fl; {ecr KouauAno-na6.nro4are.uruof o tryunTA E rryEXTA ylrptaneHll.s orEeil ItBrrSorre.
Koxar4np ArrBtraf,orra (6ataperl), ronyrrtrB doenyro Ba4arry, paanepruBaer Af,Bganorr (6arapelo), BrAnaraercfi B traanaqeulrrl paon no146 1aasa nsras

orAenbahrx cnyqafx rlacrb 6arapeu (opy4r) nu4nuraerc.ff Ea

rue orlrBble rrosqlt
Ans crpen6H upnuo IraBoAKo. IlpnxpxluDE)r(errEe s paBpTIBAEtrernaBBH-r ctn uepeAoBoro orpflAa
uapla), Armrauoi tropfiaer aprsnnepEcr(trg E uuEotsrEIe 6ara-

EO AOtryCHAeT BrXOAa
IIpoll[BEUKA'
I EpoTtrBOraEr(OBbIe cpeAclba
ttEXOB rr nexorf,I no rfilanr rnaBE]IM CEJIaM. Ileen atarco IJIaBEI1

EopeAoBoro orpsAa (ananrapga) unuauon Roporr(f,u'-o xolrllrEu

aDxI EAneroM troparfiael llpolgBrrEl(a B EaMOqeEEf,lXO6texrax.
Ilocae aaxnara uepe4onwu orpffou yffaaannoro euy py6elr(a AnBtrDHtrOJIrrfler OrEBHe SaAArrE trO Sarcpelrnellnm

ycntrfrfl paaBe(f, ua rfaanrax'

gosErru 6arape.

.,

aIloro pyfurfta'

coc-

trpotrsBoA[T CMesy oru-

.j:":X
IIDTTeEeEE

atngalteput,

217

eibrneynu4u, a cocmnae aeaneapda, trocJre yuurrro)r(enua

firnuaunn,,
uo6arapefino
llepeMeqaerc-fl
B yr{aEOXOIEOrO oxpaEeHtrfl trpoluHfita
SaEEOM HarrpaBJrenutr, noAep?r{EBaer trpopblB noApaEBnenq aBarjrapa r( TJIaBHhIM CUJIaM rrpoTqBlttrKa, rrarro0rrr I{I}t flopa{eHue, cHOBrBaer Ex MaHeBp! rrprr(prilBaer pasBeprhrBanlle E BBoA n 6o rJraBrrblx
CUJI

gecrnnr o6qenoma paaBepnyrbcfi n 6oeno uopflolt tr nogeptriatr

cKoBtrrx uoApasAeJreuu uo yE[ttroir{eEEn troApas4enenu trpuKphlru.tt
nportrBEnKa tr trpoprBy K ero rJraBrrbrMctrJIaM,Ilopa?xaeTHoJroEHbrrJIaBnrux oEJr, B trepByro oqepeb ranr{tr tr Apyrue 6pounponanrre MarIrEHhI.

IIOJIRA.

B c.nyuae yupe?+(Aentrs trporuBuunoM trepeAoBoro orpflAa B BLrxoIe

Ea yxaaafir{rr py6erx, a ananrap4a B pasBeprl;rBarrtrun r,eqer,nnrracryrlc ApyrsMrr orrreBhlMlt cpecTBaMrt
JreEur rrBrrsEorrBo BSaEMOAeCrsr,ru
oTpa(aeT aTafttr llpoatBrrufia, Ire AotrycHaer elo trpoHunrroBeE.rrfl B
rrpoMe'{}'tKE Meil(Ay odqenocxorblMlr rlopas,qeneHq.gMtr, trpEKpbrBaer orr{phrrbre Snanru uepe4oBoro orpt4a (ananrapqa), orreu upruo
sasoxo yrusro)fiaer IHKI{ u trexory rIporuBEEKa: rrpopBaBmuectr B
paou orueBrrx nosuqu, B rrocne4yloqeM lrrrrroJlnser Ba4ecn ilo nprKpbrruro paaBeprbrBarlrfl rt RcryrIJIeHIrfl n 6o rnanrhlx cuJr.
Barapen aaHrruaror oflreBretro3tlrlnn Ea rarr(ootracnoM HatrpaBJrenqliI
tro BoaMolnuocrtr dnrame H 6oeublM rropflAnaM por trepBoro aure.rroHa.
,{an reqeuu.fi pagBeAKIf Irporr,rBHHHI{a mtrpororvt {ponre B AtrBr.rauorre
u n 6arapefix paueprbrrarorcfl 6oxour,te ua6.nn4areru,nhre tryufiTbr.
fi,uauatnn" (6arnapea), etm.eynuu e cocrnqee 6onoeozo ompna
(6orneo nnzorn aacmnau), upu actpeue c trporrrBuflnou uo pemenrm
r(oMaErrpaorprAa (aacrarn) pasBeprHBaercr B 6oeso tropEnox, rropalKaeT BIBtrraloque0.s I(OJIOIIHbIIIpoTtrBEuHa' upufipblBaeT p3BepTbl"
Brrrre JraBnbrx cqJr orpgga, Ito BaauMo4efictnru c pyrr{Mrr orFeBhrME
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frueuawro, ermeynquir, s cocmaeeq.pnurraepucrcoepunnbl, Mo'fier
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troAAepl+(uBaeraray rropag4eJrenr.rirrasHrux ctrJr troJrr(a.
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o6ecneqerua tr rra uepegoro troalrqutr; yqacrByer B r{onrptrororoBne;
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flpu arou 4rruauou-(6arapen) ropaa{aer cpecrBa s4epuoro n xflu[qecxoro EarraAeHtrfl npoTuBrrl{xa, ero apTrrnJlepEro, patroneKTpolirrbre cpe4craa tr trynr(Thr ytrpBJrenrrfl, TaHKlt u bpoueuamurrbl, il{IrB-\'ro
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,{,rrranon
B cocraBe aprrnnepnftcxofi rpyuur trJtr{ B rletrocpeAcTBennoMtrotrnHenntr r{oMaEAEpa troJrr(a il rrBuaqarbcs JIn troAept+(Hu6ara.lrosa
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geftcrnyroqeM.yfB rrorroce o6ecneqernn, o6opon.flroqeMycq na nepegono
tro3rrqsu Itrirl{ B trepBoM SrIreJIoHeB oTllbrBe oT oclloREilx cEil troJIKA, a
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IIpHveHerrne aprsJL'repHtr 249

.l{unusuony o6usno Haauaqalor ocnoax,otirr oAIrIr-ABaaanacHll puo'

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251

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llcxogn rs 6oesbrx Ba4aq, nu4a 6oerrux gefrcrnn daralroua (4nnv
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u 6axrepnoJroruqecroM Bapaxeur{u; trepearra pactropff)fieuufr m rroJr}'rreErre gorecenu or troArrtrEenurx rroApBeneEll no rexHu.IecroM]'
tr ThrJronoMy o6ecuevennro 6oesnx Aecrnra.
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rlep.eAaqy (4ocranrY) coodrqenu r.I BeAeEr{ereperoBopoB B saAaErIbI('
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296 plaes ce[6xa.E

/locmneeptncnlb eaflau rapaxreptrByer cuoco6uocrb ee o6ecueqrnatr

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r pactronolxeuuu lra Mecre u n o6opoue.
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uon4enroof 6ncrpora
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flyxxr
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flpr
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flpu cu.nnaefitHn pauteeaau KoppectronqexrH pa6oraror sa trepearry u trpEeM rooqepe4xo. Ilepe6o pa6orn pa4ucr, pa6orarcqero
rra
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Cyqecrnyror ABa ocr{onnHx cuocoda oprarrEgaqtrE paqocu.flBtr - rro
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cB.aan Me?fty AByMq
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ycraEoBJreEHxAnfl erolo paAqoHtrpaBreHtrff.
Pauocerno - cnoco6 oprartraaqus. cufrsfr. Merr(y ecnolrxungr (rpeua u 6o;ree) tryEXraME yrrpaBneur-a (mouan4upaMs, mra6aur), npn roropoM HaTfiAoruyrrs rrqx BbAen.sercfpaguocranqua, padoraroqafi-Ea paguoIarrrrsrx, ycrarronneunux,qlr-fl ero pa4noceru.
ll paguocerqx u pa4xorratrpaBnerrnffx pagnocrarrrlnfl elapmero xoraAupa (rura6a) frBiltrercfi rlranuofr. Ee yraaaurff tr pactrop-sirenr.rfl
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B pa4lrocotsx E pa4ronatrparnenrffx Baaalroefrcrnras rJIaBHa.spanaaurro4ec:r.qrrocrauqtr,a rraBnaqaerc-s urca6ou, oprarruByroquM
BWE.
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DpeMfl cMetlr{ qacToT u rroShrBrrbrx,BtrA cB"EaE,aSEMyTbrIra KoppectroEAerrron, riJrroqrr H paAr{oAolryMenraM, a trpE ueo6xo4nuocra Ii pa4rrotrapoiru.
Pexruu pa6orrr paAuocralrqu onpe4e.uaet rnta6, opranusyroqu
cBr{gr,, Ecxorr na o6crasoBxtr E yxaaaurrfi craprtrero rura6a.
]{alr'uocrr gecraua ftB- r VltB-paguocranqu BaBtrctrr or Moqlfocrn epe4arquna, ycnonn pactrpocrparrenu.EpaEoBoJrrr,or pa6oqux
qacTor, TrrrroB aH'rerllr, ypoBrr.E IroMex B Toqne trprreMa, rIyBcTBr,ITerblrocrrr u ua6upareJrbrrocrn trpueurr[r{a, Mecra paalrerqen.rrfipaAr{ocrarrqnn. f{alruocr cB.ffauMorr{Eo yBenrlrtrTb aa cqer trepexoa paArrocraHrluu L{B Tene{onuoro peffirrMa n teaerparfnr'rfr.
jorunoe arraqeurre 4nr o6ecuesentrfl naqexuo pa,qnocr|r{ar{ fla upeerrrr.rbrepaccrofffiI{fi EMee? npaeu,aottuti ew6op trluna aHmelrru. o6n.rno
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ra. .iIy.rme r{g rrrrbrpeBbrxaETerrHffRJr.fierc-ff
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1,5 paaa.
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nhlcore 1 u na4 rroBepxnocrbK) aeMJrR. Hanpanneune naud<lnbulero
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paA1nocraHI{ErrtrpoBo4a. Caegonarelnuo, upoBo4 aureurrr Aon}r{eE
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flporuuruxa unTepecyror uacrorbr, Ea r(oropr{x pa6orator Eamu pa4no
cTaEqtrur a TaFtKe rrosbtBEhle, cocTaB paEocerefr tr Apyrue AaHIrhI('
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gefrcrnnfr, conpaqeuue BpeMenrr pa6oru tra trepe4alty, padoty 6ea uo
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trpe,qycMorperb u ocyqecrBJrfl Tl' cJleAyrcqEe opraHuSaqtroEEhleu rexlll4 IIECKEE MEPOIIPUETUS:

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o6xo[nnrx naupan.ueuui, trepro4aqecxylo cMelry pacrrono?ileuun pl

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paguoo6veu Melr{Ay parrocrauqlrrrMn cerrr'
llopegaua AoJr?fiEaocyq,ecrBnfllbc.E qerxo tr purMurllro co cxopocrbrc'
opaa o6ecuequBaer pa6ory 6ea uepe6oeB I4 rrpueM 6ea aaupocon.
(Vne.nuvunarb cnopocrb ttepegarra 3a crler cntr]r{eul{g Kacecrna sanpeq,aerca. flpu ueo6xoEuocq ltsMenurb crcopocrb rlepe4arlu KoppecrlonAeura IrpuMeHflrorcfl r(oAoBbre Bbrpfierua <<flepeganafrre MeAneEEeeD
f, (flepeAasate 6blcrpeeD.)
Ilorroparorqnecs oco6essocrn rrepe4aqn rtrrorrou I'I;rn unxpoQouou Ir orxnoreEE OT ycraEoBJIeIIshIx IrpaBIrJI o6.nerqaror pa6ory paAI{opaBBeAI(IIrrpotgBrtrfta.
raxse oco6essocrq, fi pa$ore Ea pagtrocragq11gx Ee Aorlyc11aPaucrr,r, r{Me11;u$re
DlC.
BaXnO fiOrrEI{TL, qTO IIpOTITDEEX trepexEATp3aetr BCe PAgngtrepegaqr Il IISJISE6yge?
ne:rexros
nl]t trpanllJrbuux
paAuocrauqun.
Bepoaruocrr
flonyceflE
ryer
ueubrrre, ecnu trepeAaqr 6ygyt KoporREuE.

Ecan ueo6xoArrMoBpeMeqno llpepBarb trepegarry paIrorpaMMhl' rrepeIaercfl Ko[oBoe BblpA'IteHtre<]ItAlltel u paapernaercfl yr(aSbrBarbBpeMff
uepepbBa.flpu noeodnoBirelrl{tr trepeAarrutrepeAaercE KoAoBoeBbrpa)I(eEUe (HaquHaro uepearryD,trocJle qero upoAor}ItaeTcg trepeAarla TeKcra'
HaqtrHaercfi c troBropeHn.s uocne4ne uepeganuo rpyilrlbr
roropu
(cnona).
Ilpr,r rene{ouHo pa4uocBsarr oco6oe BHIrMaHueyAen.sercfl trcuo x
HeroporrJrrlBofiuepegave 6yxa, cnoB Ir rlup, BlrAeJIeHErloronqanu u
orAeJrerrurccoce4lrux clon (rpyrru).
TpygnonpouaxocuMbre cnoBa u c.rlyxe6nhle sHaKIr nepe4rcrc.s paaAeJrbHono 6yxeav, KoroplJe o6oasasarcrcE cnoBaME.
J[la uacrpofixn pa4rocranqrirl flepeg,arorc rlripbr or eAlrrrrrl{r Ao
[ecflrrr (uepe4ara qup B o6paruo trocnegoBareJrbnocru satrpeqaercn).
{ufipoeo rnenc trepeAaerc.s cJIeAyrcqtrM o6paaou:
- Byauaqlrbrerpytrtrbr - 348241 - tprqrqarb rlerbrpe, BoceMb4ecflT ABa, copon oArrE;
- rpexsuaqure - 126 372 - cro ABaqarb rtrecTb, Tprrcla ceMbAecfir ABa;
- rrerhrpex3rraqrrbre - 2873 4594 - ABaArIalb BOCeMb ceMboc.ffT
TpE, COpOKrrflTb AeB.srrocrorlerbrpe;
- tr.flrr{Brrqnbre- 32U1,76359 - rprrgqarb ABa BoceMbcor copoft
oArrrr, ceMbec.trr ruecrb

rpucr

IIflTbAec.ffT AeBflTb;

- 456270823547urecrr{Bnaqrrre

qernpecra tr.nrbqecsrrtrecrb

ABeCTtr CeMbAeCflT, BOCeMbcOTABaAr{ab TpE nflTbcol

3(X) lnsa

cerLuafi

CopoK ceMb.

L ) l r f i t u ; r : i : i u ! i t i' u ,

r' ljOt

cJrono (l E rroirbrBuoii cnoe paAocrarqun cnoBo (trpuerr, - I paa.

I paa:

II punep:
tflcrpe6-10,
s - Coxol-l5,
yuenrrmt
crolrocrt,
s - Cor:o,n-lb, up,uero.
Ha npmnryro KoMasAy (cnruar) reMeAJreEEoAaerc troTBeprnAeg'e ror'rM
ttoBTopeEtrex olrFAI{ (curnaaa) ulrr mnbfto cJroBox (troEEJrDc yKaSEneu cBoero
tro8HBEOrO.
IIpu.xep:
l. <Cor<o,u-i5,n-Ilcrpe6-10,

uonr.l

y:Benrqxrr6 c6opocrr,, s-

tlcrpe6-10, upr-

OMD.

EOE trEI}EAAIIE KOMAFIILI trOBTOPffI()TCfl ABA

PA3A. PASPEItrAETCg TAI$I{(,
ABarft/IH trOBTOpslb r(ouaE[[r
trpf, cna6o carrm,Exocru
E cffJrbErr

trouexax.

Ilpunep:
*flcrpe6-10, s - Cono,r-l5, grcrarqna - 25 u, Ecragquff - 2E m, s - Coxon-i5, upueu'.
[,la uepegavu r{oMaEA (curua.non}, ornocflqtrrc no BoeM nol{paaAeneEurru,
ycrBaBrsBaercs qnpnynfiprrr uorunnofr. flpn lmu cogepr(a-uue xouarqm (curEaJIa) rroBmpflertfr ABar(Ar,r.

fll trepe]qeEnrre
pafiEocTaEqxf,u[

e() ftouaffAf,r
cTE.

Ilepegava ro[an

qrx

2. rlloxna, a - flcrpe5-lO, npreur.

flograepxger-n& upnFflTyxl r(ouaflAy (crrral) Mo)r(er aBarcfl TaKrKeno4qe. coorBercrnForqe xo_MaEr(crruaaa) cBorr rroJirEEeEEbrMnprr pa6ore ux n o6qe;laguocer,n xa oggo qacme c craprtrEM KouE {spoM,
flpu c:ra6ofi cJrntrtffocrn H cnlrbur,rx rrouexax roxrrgH (cnrxalu) paBpemaelcq nepeAaRaTr,Ba pa3.

ctan4aprr'
o6paaox.

xorJrr

(errxa.ror)

toBTopffTcE

r trocrrror*a

BrrBoB Arn ycra'oBJre'xtr

nocaelosart
bxocfi,
nepeEaqB

BoeHu trn[

sac [o pao

pgxrlcB's'

IfpE trpxreserlrr
iEqrBf,IIraxEo-rr{refEfi
r Jrf,nef,Hf,rx
trO3HBffiI

Ilosrrsnof, ruaf,fsaexo cTaHqnE

orIenbEr{D{r{

rrpof,gBo,r{urcfi creAyro-

IIpr upnrererxn
f,4liEHXrAIbUblx
EO3IBKTT

I paa

C..nororm n norrrsno c*oe

cTa[qrs

I pas

I paa

C.noro tuprexr

t pa3

I paa

Tax xe trepeaercr cran4aprmr orrgr Ira crargaplrrr

nrraoa. Iloayynn orT E& BLISOB,pA,4EOCTaEqsuOATBepnt{aeT, rtTo cf,lurrsT olBeT.
B pa,qronarrpaBef,trn lrpx xopomef, cJrunrf,roerf, BrrBoB rrlrorsroAtrrrcfl coxpaqeEf,o rroSrBErrxcBoe cTFqxf,, a oTEeTtr Brsoa-* 6ea llosfirrIx.
.Ilopngon rrepe4avx RoxtrA (cxruaaor):
- rroaHluon nugsrnaexo paEocrEqnn - I paa;
-- GrroBo (f,r lt noltrnro cnoe pnoc,rEqaff --. I paa:
--- c,oeplr(arne Kouaf,ml (cnrnana) -. I palr.
302 .f.r:i;;a o{ir,M,.

IIpu.xep:
(Berqp-l3, r - C,onol-i5, r uanpanJreurr{... (ranpaureuue yaarBarlcl no
opEeElnpaM, Ro[str]oBEEO raple HJrE tro yctoBEr,l}r fl&r*reEoBaEEffu DrstrrEr,Ix
trpetrr,reroB),B Jrnf,rrn, EarrpaBnffnqu... (ynaaunaercff rroasBao) - x 6oro, s ratrpaBnexuu... B JrEsEro,E:rrrpaBnrxlqn... - x 6ore, g -Coxon-l5,
upuero.
Iloguepxgenre
Ea KoMaEJIu (curnanrr), oruocflrqnecr r(o B@M trogpaaAene(curuaau)
ErffM, Ee Aaerof,. I{ouax4rr
B aroM cnyqae prfErruarcfi H EeueAJreErro
f,c[oJrxroncs Bcexa Kouarnpa]rn uogpaa4eaern.
IIpn ycrounnoii cssau paspemaercff pa6orarr coxpaqeurbrrlu rrosrrBauuu
g:rg 6es rro3rBgrx.
Ilpuxzpv:
yuerbrrrtrTb nurepBanr
_ l. <_flctpe6-19,
" - _Coxon-l5,
rCoxon-i5, n - flmpeGl0,
uour;r, yxenr,rtrtrTb rrlepraa.
(pa6ora rroJrxrrurr noarrnnrnrn).
2. <10-ft, n -- 15-i, Jrrrermnrl rglepBan. s. -c - t0-, rrpr{exr (pa6ora cofiparqerrnilr
uosr{Brrrun).
3. rVucrrmsrr, EFTepRan.[pneur. <Ilonna, rrprem]

s - Coxo;r-i5, upuern.
x -- ffcrpe6-10, pnexr
l5-,, trpuem|. rflornn,
(pa6ora 6ea noarrrrux).

flocmanoca aaan naDaaetznun.

II puxep:
rflcrpe6-10. n - Coro.n-i5, c ppfexa... araxoBarb B EatrpaRneErr... orragerb nyrrflou ..- u 4arrrremeu tracryrrarb... aprunnepn.D troaBJr.aer.-. roronEocrr' ... cBopoar Eacrynarr B EatrpanJreEnf, ... olJra,qeBaer rryrr(lou ... ff - C,oxol-15, trprexD (rce n5mxrn, py(rcxu, o6tenrrr ynall'rBarlrro tro oprreETupail, Konrr
ponarro ftapre ruru, rro ycJloarrrv Eaffrerou:lrnfll{
xscru$rx trpegueroB, Bpern
mrobnocrn - no ra6;rnqe crrnaaor).
(Kouaxgu rro yrrpanJrerlro carroJterarn, ropa6.nrNn, aprnnJrepnefr pa4rore;rertfororr trepeaxyncs B forDerrcrBgg c fieperrnfiMn r(oMaFII. trsJror{erxgx R
Ii1'pcax ftiesofi rro;1rornRxr{ n PyftoBocttax no doenouy EcnoJrr}BoBFrrK)
po]Jon
lofrcx. )

olrlattttsartllr: cl;rsu

303

Ilepeaoeop nn pau,omeneony c BbIHeceEEoro re.ueQonuono antrapaTA UJIU IIEPES

KOMMYTATOP

BEAYTCfi

IIO Til3JI}I(EEFI-IM

BbIIUE trPABtrJIAM.

IIpe,qocrar.rflfl paguoxauan AJrrrtrepefBopoB, Ae)r(ypnrpa4rct (tene{ouucr) coodqaet a6ouenty rloahrBxlre paAgocrauqu u npe4ytrperrcgaer
ero {paao: <Ionoprate no paAIroD.
PaguocrauqqflM trpcBanBalorcff cJre4yrcnqtre to[tEBEhIe: trEAEBEAyaJrbrrr{e(aaxpeulennIe aa xaxgo craxque), rrserbre (o4un uoannno An.s xax4o trpbr crarqu), ungunu4yanbrro-nuueshre (aaxpeueuIrbre 3a KairiAbrMKoppecllollAelrroI HaxAo uapu cranqn).
l[apo;rr, sauparurrDacrcrr B cJr)iqatlx, KorAa Boalrur(aer coMEeEIro B
uprrHa.[nex(Hocrlr parrocranr{rtu, c xotopo ycrauan.nnnaercn trirtr
uo4ep)r{uBaerc.ffcB.flab.On aaupalruBaercfl c pasperrre]r.EKoMaEAIrpa.
C paguocranquqMtr, rreupaBuJlbno orBerr{BIITEMtrHa' Batrpoc tapoJr.E,
cBr{3b trpeKpaq,aeoff, o qeM paAlrcl treMeAneEEo goKnaAblBae" tro
KOMAIItrE.

Ilponepra paAtocBflarr trpotrsBo4uTcfl. \nfl, uoAeplr{aEt.ff ee B trocro.Euno ro'ronxocrrr K pagroo6ueuy tr Kourpon.s 64nreabuocrrl Eeceutr.E
cryx6ru AerilypEbrMn pa4zttalu. Ona rpouerol\flTcfi. tryreM BirsoBa tr
orBera rra Brn3o,ucpcgaue Koporr{Ex curfla.roB rr l)alrrorpuu. flpouepKa cB.flatrlro;Ker 6r,1114nycropouue sirr oIrocropouxcfi. Yrtaaauun o
pyKoBoAcrByffcb
trpoBepr(e patrocB.E3uAael KoMaE,qEpno,qpasAeJrerru.E'
pactropfl?fierrrreMcTaprtrero EaqaJrbrlrrfta o pe)ftrrMe patrocBfl3rr.
flepe4aua ftourr4, a ranlr{e nocranoBr(a aaAaq tro pAao Moryr
ocyqecrBnETbc.ff KaK c rIpeABapETeJrbHbrMrrpenolr{eEueM u tronyleErreM corJlacufi Ea rrpl{eu, TaK E 6eg nux.
B cryuae Korga y Bbr:tblBaeuo paguocralrqrltr EMeerc An.ff lrepearru narneeopunan pauoepaxxa (r. e. paguorpaMMa orlpeAenenuo cpounocru), ona Aenaer Bcrpequoe trpeAno)fieute c yKaBaEtreMceprrE nueroqecn paaorpaMMhl.
flpu naruuuu y pa6otaloq,trx Mer(Ay co6o crauqu paguorpauM
ogusaxoso KareroptrE o6uen UME ilpouaao4ulcr trooqepeguo tro oAxo u,ru tro Hecronbxy pa4lrorpauu. Kpoue roro, oqepeAuocrb trepe4asrr Molner 6rrts ycrauoBnena raanuo pqguocraxque.
IIpu xeo6xo4r{Mocrtr trepeqarD paArrorpaMMy pagtrocrauqutr, Koropafl BHflra o6Mesolt c Apyruu ltoppectrongeuroM' pagtrcr, Aolr(IaBrrrrrcb nouqa trepe4allu (no ue ftorrqa o6uena), BbISbIBaerEylfiEylo pa4trocrauquro u trpenJraraer e pagrorpaM4y c yKaBaEtreMcoorBelcrnyroqe
KaTeroprtr.
Pa4ucr, rronyquBmu upegaoxerrge IIpITH.ETbpa4norpauMy BbIomeE
Kareroptrtr, o6saau Aarb KoppecrlonAerrry, c KoropbrM oH Ao SToro Ben
o6nen, KoAoBoeBblpa)fienue<llt4rlre>, a BnraBaBmeero paguocrarqun cotJlaclle IIa trpl{eM.
Ecnu nuananlrafl craEIIE.E trepeAaBana trJrtr trpErrMaJla or npyro
cranqtrtr paAuorpauMy ro xe fiareropuu cpoqxocru, rlro u trpe4no)r(euEaff paAuorpaMMa, ona orBeqaer: <floasn, xt4trleD - E, 3ar(orllsB rrepeAarly untr trpueM paAuorpaMMr,EeMeAJIeEEO
AAer c0rJraclre Ea DpEeM.
Itorga paArrcr BrabrBaeMopa[uocrasqtrtr Ee roroB E Ee Motner
304 pna6a cegbMan

llx ilpue]ra Aaerc'I

Iaurrr,re coo6qenna flpouyMepoBauhl' troTepffiAefltre
npuEfiThrx
ItoAoBr,IM Br,rpa?fieHneu<flpunaroD C yfia8AHrreM HOMepoB
(vepes
nux
II3
trocJleIlero
II
trepBoro
trpl4eMa
Coo6qenu
"- "pet"""

BMecTosIIaKa oKoHqaEus
Aaqy paAr{orpaMMbr.B xouqe nropo nepeAaqu
trepeAarlu, oTBeT Ee
<}tonerl
Bbrpar{eHrre
KoAoBOe
uepeaerc.fl
trepeAarrr{
rpe6yercn>.
floArnepxtErrs o IIptreMe paAuorpaMM He nepeAalorcf UJIE trepeo trpueMe
cBfl3tr. flopnox norBep?fiAeEa.ff
AaK)rc.Erro ApyrrrM KAEaJTaM
pa,qtrorpaMM B 91OM CJryqae ycTaEBJr4BaeTcffrraqaJlbEqKoM' OpIaEEaylolqsM cBfl3b.
CerE IIpuMeEflIOlCs qupKyAon odqero Br,rsoBaBcex paArrocrauqu
- ux
nflplrbre rloabrBnbre' a r.s otrpefleJrerno rpyunn crasqu ceru
uHArrBtrAyaJIbEble troShIBrrbre.
20

3anas

162

Olultrx:;rliilll

clrr:llt

305

pa,quorpaMMhr neo6xo4uru,,
o taqan'a nepe4aql qnprynapno
y6e4urrcr B ToM, rrro cragqtrtr ceru Ee BaEflTbro6uenou. Ilocne eror'()
trepeAaercrr rrpegBapuTenrnu odqnfi BtrrBoBc trprrMenenneMqtrpnyrqp
EOIO rrJrE rrEAEBtrAyanbEOrOIIOSbTBEOTO
AJr.Etrpeynpezr{AeHEfl r(oppc0trepegarre.
troHAeEroB o npegcroffqe qupxyrxpno
IIpux,ep:
*Coxo.rr-l3, Corcon-l3, Coxor-l3, trMero... paguorpaMM rnq Bac urrl
[Jrff ... (noaunuofr), Koxer{ trepegarru pa4uorpauuul (Cono.u-l3 - rr
[aEHoM cnytrae qupr(yJrf,prrn uoarrsuofi paguocrauquu) .
Ecnu s ceru He rraanaqen qnpxyn.Eprrr noarrsno, xo BoBEEnaer
B trepegarre paguorpaMMr, upe4naaxareuro Bcer
Eeodxo4nuoctl
trJrrr Her(oropbrM crauqEffM ceru, npoMBotrTcfl o4nonpeuennn Bhrgolr
artrx cranqu o6rrsnbn{ trop.sgroM c Ao6asresueu B noflqe BhraoBa KoloBbrx rupamenu <llnero ... pAf,orpeMn Anff Bac ulu AnE ...
(uoar,rano), Koner{ trepeAarrtr pa4norpaMubrD.
Ilpunzp:
<fl,crpe6-17, Berep-23, Axaqna-i3, Euero... paEorpaMM gan Bac
EJru Anfi ... (uoannuo), xoneq trepeaqtr pagnorpauubrD.
flo arouy BhIsoByBce craEIItrf,oeru trJrIrToJrbI{ore, Noro aro Kacaercs,
roroB.src.fl K trpneMy qrrpnyJrnpuo paguorpaM!f,r.Orner H trpeABaptrrenrru BbraoBHe [aercff.
u padore 6ecmrnranquonubrM crrocoflpu oquocroponnefi pa[rrocB.ffEru
6ou qupnynffpnaff pAorpaMMa trepegaercfi ABaIKEI,a norBeplxAenue
o ee IIpueMe Ee rrpeAaercs uJru uepeAaercrr tro pyftrrr KaEaJraMcBfl3u.
9 epea np orueilcy nxounyn p a uocmaHl4uropa,quorp aMMrMor yr trep eAaBarbcn c rrpeJrox{euueMtr 6ea npe4nox{enu.ff o trpneue.
Ifpe4uomerue o trptreMe pa4r{orpaMM}r rra ilpoMe}fiyrorrnyro pa4trocranqtrrl trepe4aercfl o6brsnbrMcnocodou, uo BMecro r(ogoBoro Bbrpaxreuus <fl nMeK)... pa4trorpaMM A.rr.nBac> nepegaercff <ilfoxere nu Bn npuE.srb pa4trorpaMMy AJr.HpaAuocrarrquu ... ?r u yfiaabrBaercn nogrnno
pa,4rrocTaEr{urrEa3rraqeHnfr.Elrr. ycJroBHoe EauMeuoBaHue r(oppectroHpa[Hocranrlt;r. r.rlflcrnfler BogMo)r(Hocrb trcpeoEra. flpouexryrornaa
.qaqu pa4llorpaMMbr uo Haanrreutrrou Aaer corJraclre Ea trprreM o6rlqnuu cnoco6ou.
IIpn nepegaqe pa4uorpaMM B a4pecnofr qacru upocraBJrflrorcfl KoopaAuocraurlmfr. utrw ycnoBabrBbreBbrpamenras<IIar u <r,{.nr>c rroa.LrBnhrMtr
MII EAUMeITOBAEtrffMtr
OTnpaBETeng r trOnyqareJr.s.
paguocraHqnfl, trpurffB rpanatrrryro paAtrorpaMIlpouexyroqnaff
uy, o6naan Aarb xnurnquro o6nr.rnb[MtropfiAnoM.
[Ipn uepe4aqe pa4aorpaMM E trpoMe)fiyrorruyrc crauqurc 6ea npegBapuTenbEoro trpeJlolfieHufl B Earlare trepeAarlu AaIoTc.E troSr,IBEhre
suahrsaeMo crarqutr - 3 paaa u csoefi cranrluu - 2 paaa (upu upuMEIIOfltrU

TtrHE|IbIX

N TEAEBTAYAJIbEO-JIUHENbIX

UOAUBEbIX

IIOSbIB.

uo croe crauquu 3 paaa), a raxlfie KoAoBoe Bbrpa)fierrtre<f[ ulrero ...

pagrrorpaMMqln Bac>, a B aApecnofr sacrn npocraBnfirorcff r(o4oBhreBLrparfienuff <lIgD tr <,[,nnl c rIoBhrBELrMEpaAuocrHr{u. nttn c ycnoBlruutr
EauMeEoBaEtrfiMtrOTtrpaBtrTeJIflU nonyqaleflff,
30 lnrsx

cer!,ua.

llpouexyroqa.E crarqtrff trepeAasfrpaorEyn pa4trofpauMy craur naanasenrg o6nqsr,ru cnocodour'aaMeFflfltrp]I aloM loJrbKo noBrBI pa6otaroqux Melrtqy co6ofi branqn.
Enu cranqE.E EasHqeHtrfi.npuEffna trpeEaEHaqeEEyloe'pa4uoo[noBpeMeEHo c upoMexyrouxo "cranrluet'olra EeMeAneEEo
r(Btrranqnn rlpoMetfiyrounofr crauqutr; Ee otfitrAaff or Eee trpeflE IIepeAerIE

paolpaMMr{.

rr
'patroBoJrn.u
llpu yxygmeuut ycnoBn upoxoxAeriufl
^u!F roa4e+acrfuomwi'ok ocyrqectEA trOMex nporraBogur cn ncpeto H,alo,n:acH,ble
'Itorga gatracEIe
c pa3pertreHuff rnanxo pauocralrrlun.
3Kpetrnffrorcfi Ba,paAuocerb() :(pa4uoxauparlenueu),' nepeupotraBo[trrcfl Ha oAHy tra Batracfllitx,qacror; EaEEaqeEEDrx[rm aro
rocert (pa4uoauPannenur).

o trepexo[e
[Ipu pa6ore B ptrocertrpAlrcr;trspegaBtrpefino]r(enue
qcroty; Aonx(eHy6e4urrcx, rlro ero trpeAnoxeHue IrpEEAtrACIIyrO
paAtrocrauqtu
BceMtr pagtrocraxq[Euu celtr, trepe[arb'xax4o
)Dlntreurre, a roJrbxo trocJre trenrroro ononqarud cnyxednoro o6-

BCe paAtrocTaEqtrE

oAEoBpeMeEHo llepexof;T

Ea aatracEyro

qacTo-

tr ycrauaBntrBaxlr na ne cBEBb.
IIpr uo4arlrenuu ctrrlraJra l(oppqclron4enTa lrouexaMtr lra pa6oue
ceru (naupautenuR), r(org BaBelouo orcyrcrByer BoBMolIttrepeEarb tr ycJlbrrlrar trpAno(eEtrQ o rlepexoAe E satracEJrn
y y o6oux Roppectron4entor,'cB.Ea Metrt,qyEtrMu BoccraraBJrqBaer-

Ea Barracnosacrore. IIpu atou paAuocralrqtrutrepexo4.ErEaBatracrlacrory,

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8 Poduo"*ottt+u'tP-159
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6Hrr odecueqeu tro pa1trocorn craprtrero aprualepucxoro Eaqanbutrr(a
tryrM Bftnroqersr E yry pa4f,ocerb paqrocranqtrE P-107M (P-159) xoMaHArrpa 6aranrona.
Pagrocraar KouatrArrpa 6aranroua c rrptrAarurun ranffa!r ocyqeorBJrfleTC.sIIO paAnOCeTf,Upr/IaHrrrx laEr(oB BKJrx)qeHrreM3 9Ty ceTb par{ocranqurn P-107M (P-159) ua 6pouerpauctroprepa Eaqarbnrxa mra6a
6araarona.

Ilpomryae

cBflab E uorocrlrelfionou

6rramose

Ilporo4nan cBffsb n 6araarone Enauupyercfl uaqnbunr(ou cnflaf,

6ara.rlosa Ha ocHoBaEEE penerrtrs rouan4trp Ea 6ofr, ynaaaun sarranbutrrta mra6a 6ararlosa tro oprarnaaqltr cBgatr, ycrxoro pactrop.ff)r{eunfl rro cBgar{ craprtrero rtrTa6a, Euercr\flxcs csJr B. cpeAcTB.
Caaaa co crrutp.uu.Jl nononupot (wma6ox)
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caflBrr ITHII 6araarna. O6xoArrhIMrryreM aro cssau Morr(er 6urr upoBoAHafl cBflBb Gtapuero aprunuepucxoro Earranbxufta c RoMaIrAupoM aplulnepuCKoro
ABBEsuoIIa, uoAepll(trBaloqero 4axur'r 6aTAJIbOII.

flpooognar cBrab c xoMarrtrpaux por, a raxx( c troAquHeHHrME

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n o6ectrecf,Baercfl crlJraMtr E cpeAcTBaMrlBgBoAa cBffBrr 6ara.nrona uo
EatrpaBneHirsM rrpoBorrocuau, rrponna4trBaeMrMor ItHfI 6aranroua x [tHfI troArrtrEegnrx troApaaeneqq ftafuneu -II-274M. Ha ITHII
por E pyr[x noApaaAenenu ycrauaBJruBarcrcs re.re$ouuue autraparu
TA-57 qo ynaaaxxio r(ouarrAupoB uo4paa4eleru.
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cuJraMrr rr cpe,qcrBaMlr aAH.
or pacuono)fieutr.E Ha MecruocTtr peaepBa Mco n rblB aaancunocru
JroBbrx tro4paaAeJlenu trpoBognafl cBflab c IIEMI{ Mo?XeT ofieCnequrarrcn
tro oAEOMy r{atrpaBJreEr{ro tryTeM BnIr0qeHqq B oAIIy JIIHI|KI IIecI{oJIbItl{x
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MeHotarrtrflM u tro HoAr{poaauuofr Hapre.

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.
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346 lrru"a celbMair

Ea - c KoxalrAlrpaur 6arapei.
Pauocaaao I(ouarr4npa u mra6a a4rr c novwennu-nu nttpaaetztro AByM paAnocerflu Houalr,\upa AtrBtrSldorla'_pNunilu opranSyercg
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flepran pAnocerb xoMautp aAE oprantrsyerctl E paglocrauqllf,x
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B ary- paguoceir Moryr BxJilo{arbcfl crarlqlif, Eaqarburra mra6a a4n
6arape.
E crapruux oi[rqepor
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rrM KoMarrA, 6oenrrx pactropfli(enll ll upneua of Hux AoI(naAoB.
Bropan paAl{ocerb KoMaHAIrpaaAH oprEsayercfl Ha paAtrocranl\Esx P-107M (P-159) B cocane paglrocralrqufi noraan4npa trFEsuoIIa
(rlarnaa)
rr KoMauupor 6arapei.
B cnyuae Hapyruellnfl
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(craprnuun oQuqepauu 6arape) uo'xer 6uru
c xor,ranfiupauu
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B XaseCrse O6xO4uUx KaIIA4OB paAIIOCBflstrMoryT IICtroJIb3oBaTbCfl
parroceTtrKoMan,qllpa uc6, tax I{aK uynKThI ytrpaBnelrug KoMaIIAIrpoB
agn u uc6, a rar(xie r(oMauAlrpoB6arape E por, rtax spaBuro' coBMelr{eIIbI.

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6arape.
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pagnocrauqlrnx P-147.
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B Pa,qEooerBKoMErpa 6arapen. A rax xax u
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BaauuogecrBue KoMarrArrpaaAH c r(ouanAnpoM rauroBoro tropasAeneHtrH o6ecnesunaercs tro par{ocerE trptrarrHbrx raHKoB. coran
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AyrrrEoM flAepEoM BspbrBe MoqEocrr,ro 20 tuc. T Ea pccro.sEE 1850
- Ea paccroffEur
u.
1450
EaseMHoM
rrpE
'
Tatrcertwe ruopailceHua, xapa11TepusymTcfl cEJr5Ho r(ogTySue Bgero
oprrrq3Ma, IIepeJIoMalIE ltonerrrrgcTeii, BoBMOlr(EI troBpefiAegtrfl T6JIOBtroJrocrE.
EOrO MOArA,. .qeu(I4x E OpraEoB 6promxoi
cnyqaeB trptrBoA'sr K
fipane rnntcen'bre nopa'rceH'ufl. B 6orr,mEEcrBe
r.rcxoycMepTent'I{oMy
ygap'o
Hau6onee troBep?r(e'br Bos'ecr'Ero
i4a 6oeeofr rex'I{Ktr

356

3lr.iqtrmHUe (!uit.'t,..t,u iit:.itni;.r 4t:prtu:i,jtr!xtluuilttbt.r cuoliyxenu

A(,4| i:oU ttJlu n(tcptl(,30 6Jpblta

Bocblda.

I
i

i).t;ll;rc Mcc{}oro loll;i;lrc::t,:i 357

cserosoe nsJryqeHue MorfieT BbrSBATb TAfi?fie BOArOpaHtre u o6yuuqgxBaH[e EepeBfrrrrhrx sacrefi Boopyx(eHnfl tr TexEEKlI, OtrJIaBJIeHqO
T.
E
uonpurra
naKol(pacoqHblx
[.
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JroE, p&3r,tEoBhrx AeTaJre
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rrperpa4a, nro6ofr o6be*r, co'AaroJI66as fletrpoapaq'afl
uep aaqui'.
or cBeroBor ugnyqeHufl'
aaqu'ro
cJIylx4tb
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q"
re"u,
'
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p a u q' ryu fl'II p o H ut|. &n u4 a n
BAphIBa. Bpeun AeCTBufl
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u uerpOnOB, ECrryCKaeMhIx LiIs

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no i0-t5

c, uerportoB-

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xu'
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synxqa
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nyueno
T.srHecrl
6o.neanu.
nyqeBo
pasBETtrro
E
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rxalrr f P --- 0'93 pan)'
opeghl (g;rn 6uonor!{qecxofi
ilut"po"n"
IIpn AoSaX paAIIauIIu
BoSIItrKaeT
cnl,en'eH'u
..iuveean 6olean'u nepao

u ,ipn"rru* or 100 no 250 P u conpono?r{Aaercfo6rqeft cna6ocrlro,

yToMJIfleMOCTbIO'ronoBoKpyxteHneM, rorunorofi' flpooo"t-e"rro

- HecnoJrbxo Ane'
AoJrlr{urenbuocrb aa6onesanufl
^crnenHu (nOaa 250-400 P) orMeqalolamopoft
1oteanu
np" .nyveeo
a ra6?r(e roJIoBHafl 6onl, tronucrenegtr,
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B 6onrmeHue reMrreparypbr u x(enyAorrHo-KtruleqllblepaccrpocrBa.
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P)
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Mo)r(er Hacryrrrrrb qepe' rrecftoJrr'r(oMeCflIIeBtrpE cBoeBaqopoue'r{e
flecennn'
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qepea
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Ane'
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nro4efr:
,Il,onycuaurle Aoabr o6.npeuun
oAlroxparuas - 50 P;

M'oro^par'*s

::: 0":#"--t33J;,

B leqeutre roAa - 300 P'

(2floA Aectsl{eM a?r(ese6onlurux AoB Irponlrxaroqefr-paguatTua
6olrursx
lpl
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(forouateptraJront
3 P) npoucxoAllruu"u"*""""ue
p;;ren) teuneror cre*rra otrrl{qecxux upu6opon'
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-

358 1n2ss BocbMarr

Saqura or trpoEuraroqe paquaqutr upegcrBJr.Eerco6o cnox{rryrc

aa4arry. I{s 6oeso TexEEr(u npaxrrrqecxu Batrlrrrubrlru cnocrnaMu or
trponur(arcqefi pa4ua4uu o6la4aror rauxu rr Apyre 6ponnponauurre
Martrrrul u o6rexrH. Hau6o.nrux roa$$nqrenr
oc,na6Jrennfi roa trptr
nuxaroqefi pagr{aqrru trueror y6exnrqa r 6.nnsgaxtr, yueflbrrrarcrqne Ao3y B cornE pa3.
g
a a p & rc e H u e Mecrnocru
P a 0 u o a, ti. tn u I n, o e
paAuoafiTnBnbrx
paoiurqnrx o6rexroe o6yc.rron;reu sbruaAenseM
DerqecrB ua o6;raxa flepuoro BBpblBan odpasonautreM EaBe4enso paAEG
axruBrrocru B rpynTe BcJrelcrBrreooa4ecrnua nerponroro trorona.
-flpu orrua4err[u pAnoaxrnnno urJru rra MercruocrE o6paayrorcr
aorrbr Bapaxenua, npe6brBauu B Korophrx Mo?r(ertrpeAcranJrsrb otracEocrb AJr,n)nuautr rr a4opoBbn .nroefr.llporaxennocrb BoE Bapaffieuuff
cocTaBJrfleTAec.flTnuu coTEu KrrJroMeTpoB.
Texuuna u paaJrrrrrnbre
o6rexru rtprr pactronoxteurrrr trx B aonx gapaifieHRff r{nrr trpln ABnrfierrtrE qep3 SoEbr TaK?r(etro,4BepraroTc.EpaAsoaKTrrBEoMy gapa?r(exurc. llnreRcnrnocrb pagnoar(TuBnoro sapalfierr{fl Mecrnocrtr n o6rerron oqenrrBaercf ypoBEeM paguaqrru, xoropu uaMepfiercfl B penrrerrx B qac RJra MtrJrJrrrpenrrenaxB vac (rrrP/u).
Ilpe4eanno Eonl/crnilHe Benrllrlrrr Bparfiennflpaalrnqnrxo6remos
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O6lryuguporaune, cuapsr(erue, o6ynr, cpe4crBa rrngnBrr[yanrxo garqlrr
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JIoArIeD,x;redonexaper rr r. A.
'I'exsuna
rr rexsnqecnoe urdyqecrBo

20
30
50
200

Pasueprr aorr paAEoaKTuBEoro aapa]fienufl aantrc.sr or Moqnocrn

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a IIo IIyTE nBRrr{eHE.a paArroaltTrrBEoro o6nafia.
flo ctenenn Bapa)fienltn n BoBMolnEbrM uocJIeAcrBEEM BEeIIrEero 06nyqenuff Ha Bapa)fienno uecrsocru
rrplrn.flTo Bhlgen.flTb Soubr yMepenuoro (aona /),
cn.nrnoro (aona -6),. onacuoro (aoua B), upeannsauoro
(eona l") aapalr{enun (puc. 3).
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(anerune) rpanurlbr sonbr .4 pBnbr 40 P, a A;rs 6.nsinue (nu^yraltne

peune)- 400 P,'p,trsaonbr.6 - 400 u 1200 P.,-Ann aouu B - nm/1000P coorBercrBenno.Ha Aalrro rpauuqe sonu I AoBapaArraqqu
paBna 4000 P, a B cepeAtrHeaonbr- trplruepno t0 000 P.
Opyxut Maccogofo qopaxcuurr 3;?

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cyrltrr BEe yKpbrrtr uorrer troryrrtrrl [osy ,qo 200 F] ("ryueuan 60.neanr,
uepoo cretreHu), qro Ee cKalr(erc.flHa 6oeclloco6nocru rro4paglleJrerrurr.
B sose autbrro?o ao,patceH,ua,
(soua .6) JrtrqnbrcocraB B rrepBhrecyrnr
Brre yKpErrE lrorrer rroJr5rurb Aoay Ao 700 P (lyvenan 6oleaur nropoii
u rperbe creueuu), qro cErgtrT 6oecnoco6nocrr, tro,qpa3.qeJreHrlfi.
B aoue onacH,oeoaapagceH,unlaoua B) nnqnrr cocraB B trepBbrecv:r,
xu BEe yr{prilrrrf Mo}fier troryqurb goay 6oree 700 P (ueraepran cr:etreHb ryrleBo donesllu), vro upureAer fi Bbrxoy uB crpos 6oulrunucrna
uopa'fierrnurx, a rro4paageJrenueuorep.aer 6oecuoco6nocrr,.
B aose vpswv&iltto on&cvoao aapa,wevufl,(aona 1) lnqur,r cocratr
IIpU Kparr{oBpeMeHHoM
IIpedhrBaEEEBne yKpbrrErr Morr{er troJrygnrb Ilosy
6onee {000 P (uoruuenocuarr $opua nyqeBo 6o;reanu), rrro upuBeAer
upal(TtrIrecxE K rreMeJrerrHoruy
BhrxoAy r.13cTpofl rropaE{errHhrxn rrorep0
6oecnoco6nocrtr ro4paBAeJrenna.
Pa4uoantunuoe Bapairenue ts orrtrstre or Apyrtrx uopalfiarcqrrx
$aHropon flAepaoro BgprBauMeer 4.irzre.rrnu treprro[ AecrBtrff, xor
ypoBelrb pa4uarlurr co BpeMerreMyueubrtraercs. Ef uepobre qacbr troc.ne
BaprBactrE ypoBnfl pa4uaquu rrpoucxo4ur BHaqETeJrbEo6r,rcrpee. rreM
B troc"rregyloqee BpeMfl. TaH, ecnu qepea qac trocJre BBpbrBa yporleHb
paraqtrE cocraBur 100 Plu'. ro rrepea 7 qacor on 6yer paueu trpulrepno 10 P/s, a qepea 49 .racos I Plq.
Llurrenepur,re coopv)fiennfl rr BoeEHaflTexHr{Ka B paaJrsrrnocrenesu
ocna6nsrot AoBy trBJrlqeur,rffor aapaxenno Mecruocrrr.
9 t enm, p ot & anunl,Hblti
u s i t n. A r L b c ( 3 M 1 4 )- a r o f i p a r KOBpeMeHEbre,SRarIUTeJrbHre
no Eanp?r{eEHocTr aJreKTpErrecfi}reu
MarnnrHhre rroJI.E
r BoaHur(arcque upu BBar{Mo4ecrBulrraMMa-u3ryqeuu
.s4epuoro BaphrBa c orpyrfiaroqe cpe4ofi.
360 r"nuu" BocbMaq

Hanpnxennoc.Tr' erux rlo.nefi BaBucr{Tor Morqlrocrtlr Bblcorr,rBBpbIBa,

paccrosHus or rleHTpa tssprJnan cnocrn orpyx(aroqefi cpeqr,r.
3MI'1 oxaar'rtsardr rropaffiarctrreergeficroue Ha parrocnexTpourrbren
neKrporexHnqecKne yc'rpofic.raa. flp"
noaAecrsun eMIt ts ?rr{x
ycrpoc'rnax lraBo4srcfl DremTprrqec6ge 116r{, Hlrlpfl}r{eglrrr, Koropr{e
Moryr BnsBArb upo6ol fi3oilr{rluu, rroBpe}fier{uerpaucsopMaropoB, Bhrxo n3 crpos troJryrrpoBoHExoBr,rr
upn60pon, [eper.opaHr{e rnaBXnjr
BcrBoK rr Apvru\ eJreMerrroBpauorexur{qecnrrx ycrpocrn.
9M14 srrc,orHoro .EepHoro r|BphrBa MolI{er coaAarr, arrqr{TeJrbnbre
rroMeRn pa6ore cpecrB cBflarr rra 6olrnrux rraorqflx.
IIo rrpoBo[HhrM Jrtrrrr(ffM cBflBn r,r aHeproc.ua6mesuR HaBellerrnbre
Hallpfl?r{eHr{.sMoryr Rbr3brBarbnoBpe?ItIIeHr{EpasnrrqHhtx vcrpofictu Ha
paccTotrHrrflx oT MecTa flepHolo BSpbIBa,a Tar(xte llopaSHaqrITeJIbHbrx
?KeHue JtuqHoro cocraBar EaxoA.flqerocfl Ha 6eaouacnou y,qaJreual{ uo
ornorner{r4roK. Apvrr,rM tropaniamquu Saxroparr flepuoro Bgpr,rBa.
Saqura or 3MH o6ecnesusaercfl axparrr{porJaur{eMlnnn aHeprocua6xesns, cnfl8[ n pa3nr{qHr,rx aneKlpo- u pauorexrruqecKux ycrpocrn. Hapyxnue Jrur.utv,qonxrrrbt
6srrr,qlyxupoBo,qnuMn, uso.rrupoBaHEhIMr,tOT SeMJU{,C ManoElrepquoHHrrrMr{
trpeor.paHETeJlqMrI.SnexrpoHHoe o60pygonaue Aorrlr{Ho6rrrr o6ecnelreuo pa3pfl[rrur{aMr.rc Hu3Kr'rMrroporoM Sair{uraHqg. Bo.nr'moe SHaqeHI{eureer upaBtrJrbEaq Kctrnyararlrln anexTpo- rl paqtrorexar4qecxux ycrpocrn.

O6rqee tropaxtarcu{oe geficrrne

f,,qepnoro Bspbrla

llopaxarorqee 4ecraue fl[epnolo r]sphrBa xapar(reprrByerca non6uH,uposaH.Hbt,il

ecmoue,n,Ra nrcge, rexnr{Ky u coopymenzx yqapno
BoJrEhr, cBeroBoro aan1 renrr.E, rrponur(arcqefi pa4uaquu r 3l\{I4.
Hou6unupoBanrroe tropiur{errue lrcAcfi xapar{repnayercrr rpar}MaMn
n Korrryar{flMn or noegecr:aun ygapuofr BoJrtrhl, on{oraMR or ctseroBOIO uA"4yqewvr.fl
tr paAtrarluoHrlbrMtrrropa]fieRtr-sr{fi.I]o rsnrecru xonr6u*
HHpoBarrEtrrenopa?rceH,us,
tuo\e Mor.yT (rtrrr, cuepre.rrbHbrMu,npaue rnlr{c,'r},Irrrn,TffaieJrrJMu, cpegue Ta}necru r4 JIetKuMr4
.
l{pane rffrfieJrue (raxe.lue) uopa}r{eHrlrroracHr,r Jrfi?r{rrarrrru Moryr
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u ouacHocrr4 AJrr{
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lloa soa[ecrrueM cBeroBoro usJryqenrrfi n ygaprio BoJrrrbrtropa]riertuc lrogefr rponcxour rreMe[irexro.Pagrraqnouubre nopa?rrcrrun r.t Bbrxoyl .nro4er.racrpos BaBrlrcflror BerIlquurJ Iror;rorr{eHuo[oar,t. IJorepa
6oecnoco6nocrr4 rorier rrpouso'nr B Teqerrue HecEo.rrbr(E)iqacoB rt,rrlrrt
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oi)!;riric naccoBofo nopaxennn

361

)eU,UA n'erH,Utt2 AeJIgTCfl na C.la6ge,

CpeAHIte,

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a lanlrqe

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paspyureHrre.
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362 rlaaa

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IIOpa]I{eHIIe.

Orpan.nnroqrre rieqecroa MoF{rIoxlacclr([lrrlnpoBarb uo Hagrraqennro,

6r,rcrpore rr xapaxrepy rropE(aroqero .qecrBlrflEa opranuaM qeJIoBeKa.
OB ,erqtcn Ea cJle4yloqse rpyrrtrbr:
[Io tantraqecrtoMy H,aaHa4eH,u.n
clrepreJrbHhre, BpeMerrHoBr'tllo[ffque rra cTpotr u paSApa)Italoqne.
OB cueptelbHoro AecrBEq trpeHagHaqeubrAnff yuurlTo?fienfifl ?r{Esofi c[rhr uJrrr BbrBoaee rra crpo.E E AnuTenbnoe BpeMfl. f]peuenno .nurEoAEqfl rrB crpofl oB npegHasfiarle.EbrAnfl orpaHEqeErroro Bo BpeMeEU
ncrrxr{qecKoro paccrpofrctna JIK)Ae. oB pasApa(aloqero AecrBrrff
[peHaSHarreHbrAJIF l{sHypeHuq (uBo caJIbI.
llo wcmytorne nopaxarct4e?o ecm.sua OIJ e.ngtcs na 6rrcrpo4eftctByroqne, noparxaxlrqee [ecrnue r(oropIx trpo.sBJlflercfl rreMegJreulro'rl
MeireHHogecrnyrcqtre, tropaxtaiorqee gecrBue Korophlx trpoflBnflercfl
tro rrc,reqeurrrrHer{oroporo BpeMeHL{(cxpnru trepr{o4 gecruun).
l7o rapanmcpy ecmaun Ha opranl{s{ OB troApaallerlrllorctr H
cJ'reAyroque rpynnhr: EepBIro-trapaJIETuqecfioro ,qec18I,I.fl,KotttEo-Irapr,rBnoro geircrnnn, yymarcrqero Aecrsua, o6uIeqAoBI'IToroAeftcrunfl.,
Ilcux()xr{Mrrrrecxoro AecBIIfl, pa3paxtarctqero AectBtrfl, a raK)ile ronCI{HbI.

fpyuun

orpaBJrtuqux

BeqecrB

MeroAoM trporrroSupoBaEEfl'

opyx(tlf,
.[e'ilcrnnexHMttqecxoro

ETEIIIIfl TEXHHKI4 'I

flpr,r uprueHerrrrrr xr{Mrlqecnoro op}rrtlrfi OB nepenoAfrTcfl,B 6oeBoe

cocroflrlue: nap, aapoSoJIb, KaIrJII4,
3apaxeuue Boa4yxa xapaxreprrsyercfl MaccoBoKoHllenTpauuer(oJrnqecrBoMOB s eAtrEuIIe o6aeMa. Sapa;xenue paanurlrrhtx troBepxnocre xapKTepr43yercfl rrJrorEocrblo sapa?fieHuE- KoJInqecrBoM oB
Ha elr4rr[qe nJroqatr.
llopaxtaroqee AecrBI{e OB xapanrepr{Byercs roncusecxo Aoao noJrr{qecrBoMolpaBJrflIoqero BeqecTBa, rlpofiHltlrlefo B opraHI{3M rlero-

MECTHOCTI{,

()rpanlnrorqrre BetrtrecrBaHeplHo-napatunLutlecnoeoecnoua' - 3apr{H, 3oMaH, }ra-tr4xc(VX) upeguaanaqeuhl rrfl nopaxenuR nepnuo

cr{c.reMbr.Dto OB cMepreJlbnoro AecrBrrq. Onu [pe,qcraBnsror co6o
xtrrr(ocrtr, npaxTl{qecxu 6es aana6ecrluernne trJrr.rcJrer'fiazfieJlToBarbre
xa, xopoluo pcrBoprrMbreB opraHltllecKl{x pacrBopureJltrx u Melree pacrrloprrMbre B Boe. 3ru OB xopouro BtrurllBarorc.E B paBJrnqEEIeJIaKoE lloprlcTble MaTepEanI.
KpacorrHblerlonpbrrlllfl, pealrHoTexHnrlecKrre
Eoenoe cocroflnr,re sapuna (aouana) B ocHoBIroM- uapoo6paalroe'
a OIJ 'rnna VX - aepoaonb.
Oroiinoctl, Bapuna (aouaHa) rra Mecrrrocrrr JIeroM - Hecxo,r'Ko rlacoB, errMo- o AByx cyronr ctofrxocrr VX netou - HecKoJILKocyTOK, 3KMOfi- HeCKOTbXHeAenr,. Bce OB IrepBHo-flapaJlltrlrqecxoro
,IcftcrsnR Bapa'/fiaror Bo[oeMbI Ha IIJrI{TeJIbHoeBpeMfl.
I Iepuuo-uapaJrrrrnqecxue OB cnoco6nu rropax(arb rleroBeKa nptr
;rnl6ou crioco6e trocryurrenl{ff B opraHrraM - qepeg Ko}r{y rrJrl{ uuraJlffopyfilre

MaccoBoro uopaxeuun 363

qtronnr,rrr rryreM. 3ru OB o6nagaror KyMynflTuBnuu gecrnueu, r. e.

cBocrBoM lraKatrrullarbcq B opraxrraMc.
Ilpll noa4ecrutttlo,MaJl[ilx Aoa ua6iuo4aerefl yxyAmeEEe Bpeur{.aBcrreII.
cTBr4ecy(eHilfl aparrKoBrJraa (uuos), aaTpyArreHr{eAbrxaHrrs,troflBJr.qercfi
rryBcrBo rff2fiecn B rpyAr{ (aarpy4unuu asrfexr) . Etu suneurrs (]()upo*
BoTr{[arcTc.scr{JrbfrbrMuroJroBHbrME6oJr.flMnr,r Moryr coxpanlr,bcfl 4Boerpoe cyr.or(. Ilpra nosecrBuu na opraurraM cMepToJrrbnhrx
oa na6;rrcAaerc.EcI{JIbHbruuoa, ygyrrrbe, o6unrnoe cJrx)rroreqenuerr troroor4eJrerrue,
trorrBJrsrorcffpBoTau troHoc, trpucTytrbl cr,rJrbnhrx
cyi{opor, KoTophreMor.yT
rrecHoJrbfioqacoB, xapaKTepHo qvRcTBo clpaxa, troTeprl
trpoAoJrlr{aTbc.fi
coarraunn. Cueprr' Hacrytraer or fiapartrqa AblxaHna r4 cepAqa.
ilopaxennoMy HepBno-trapanaruqecftnMtr OI3 upgxrge ncero rreo6xogr{Mo rra[erb npornBoras, BBecru anTugor (a{un) c rroMoqr,ro rrrrrprrrrrofiuna trB urrIqBugya.irrrro atrTeqftrr r4 yAanurb tra gapa)fieuHo atnocr[eprr. Ecnn s rerreflrre20 rtruu cyoporn He cn.ffTbr,aHTr4IIorBBecrrrtronT0prro, R cJr)ryae BapyrxeHr4fl AbrxaHtrfl npouSBecTn r{cHvccTDeIrHO0
AhrxaHtreuJru Larb rucnopoA. flpu fioua4anuu oB rra reJro rrereJrerrH0
o6pa6orarr BapaxeHrrbreMecra c troMoqbro trHAnBrr4yanbrroro nporulroxuMrrrrecnoro traxera. flpu nouaganun Of| B ?fieJryAoxneo6xogulro nuaBar,pBory, rro BoaMox(HocrratrpoMbrrb lr{eJry[ofi 1or.[pacrropoM rrurleso coghr unu qr,rcrofr aogc. flopaxennue uraaa rrpoMr,rrl, 2o7spacraoporr trrrrbeBo coAr,runu sucro so4o. Ilocrpagauurux aeo6xogr4MoortrpaBtrrb Ea ueguqzncxu tryuxr.
ecmeufl, - uuprrr npe4Orpannaroqee BerqecrBo rtoercrro-H,apeenoeo
noparxerrus
Korr{rrrrx
troxpoBos.
Eaauaqelro [nE
3ro OB cuepre.ubnolo
qscrrl (ueperuaunrrfi) nlpr{r - npospaqnafi
gecrrux. Xuurqecxu
,r(r{Ar(ocrb co cna6ulr aarraxoM, Texrrtrqecxufi uupnr - TeMHafl trirrKOCTbC SarraXOMr0ptruqbr EJru qecHoFa. Llupur xopoluo pacrBoptrn fi
opraHrlqecxEx pacTBopETeJrflx,nJroxo pacTBopuM B BoAe, Jrerfio Bfll4.T6tBaeTc.trB paSIlrrrHhre Jrar(oKpacoqrrbtetroKpITIIfl, peSnHoTexHlrqecKl{e
tr uoplrcrbre Marepr{aJrrr.
OcHosnbrn 6oenuu cocroflHueM arrpr{ra fllr'Irflercfl r(arreJrbHo-Hrv,qxoe
r{ aopogonbnoe. }lnpur o6ragaet 6o.lrruofr croxocrrru n MecrHocrn;
JreroM - necxoJrbKo cyrox, snMo - Hecr(oJrbr(o He[JIrr. ]Iupur. aapar(aer Baxpbrrhre BogoeMr,rna 2-3 Mecsqa u 6ouee. B xoaoguoe npeM.sro[a unpnr Mo?fiernpuMerrflTbcs B cMecr{c oplaHr4qecKr{1t{[pacrBoptrTeJrflrrru rretoropr,ruu OlJ.
llupur BbrahrBaertropanicrrne Ko?riuhrx rroxpoBoB c odpasoBaurleu
rpyHoaa?r(uBaroqllx r{BB, uMeer cxpurruii rrepuo[ geftctuuR n o6laAaer
r(yMlrJrflruBnrruu cnocrnaMq. flplr BlbrxaHr{rr trapoB rlJrr4 aapoaoJrn
urrpura paaBrrBercfl BoctraJrenueJrernrrx. ilpu noageficrBrrn rrapoB r{npr4Ta na rnaaa rrpoqcxogr{T rroftpacHenue rr orex clugucrofi o6oJosxfi
rt fio]r(u ner. flpu norra4arrrru utrprrra B ]fte.rryAorlrro-KrrrlrequrJ
rpanr
trosBJr"Erorcflpesnr,re6o.nu n ,fieJrygfte, pBora, rroHoc.
Kaunn rrrrplrra, trorraBrlr{e Ha HornnhrerronpoBhr,rreMeAnenr{o[poerasr{poBaTb TnuKocTr,rcr{3 urrAuBr{AyaJrbrrorotrpoTuBoxuMtrqecKoro uarera. Inaaa, rroc cJreyer odnrr,rro rrpoMbrrb, a por rr ropJro trpo[oJro361r fnaea Bocbuafl

cftarb 2o/spacrnopoM trnrbeBofr coArr u.rrz qucro soo. flpu nonaqanuu

fitrpura ts ,{ieJry[oK neooxoAuuo cpaSy ]fie trpoBeclu [poMr,IBarrue }Ite;r)/AKa c.na6nlr pacrBopoM trepMauranara r(aJrtrfl unu sogo. flopaxeu'
Hhrx HatrpaBlrTb B MeAtryEI(Tr
BetqecrBo yywaruu4eaoecmeua - {ocren trpeHas{)tpaouroqee
rraqeuo A"'rff nopax{elrufl THaIrn Jlerrrrx. 3ro orpan.lflroqee BeqecrBo
cMeprenbrroro [eficrBuff.
(Docren upeAcragJrffet co6o 6ecqnetnm raa c BarraxoM trpenoro ceua rrJrr4rHrrrorqtaxs6noA. Oocren odnaAaer ualoiil ctofiroctlro, uo
rax Kafi trapnr ero n 3,5 paaa rfl(eJree Boagyxa? uplr 6o.nr,runxr{onqeuTpqrrflx ourn ctrocoduhr ((BarenarbDB qeJltr, Tpanrtreu,.y6exuqa.
Oocren uoparxaer opraurraM roJrbxo qepea opraubr Ahlxanrrfl. Jlerosrra.fl rxanb npu eoa4ecrBttr Socrena crarroBrrrcfl rrpoHuqaeMo A.rrs
rHuAHo qacrn KpoBrr - trJIaaMbI.Jlerxue aatroJlrr.srorcnuaaauo xpoOTefi JrerfitrX, qTo BeAeTK Hapyr[eHIo trocrytrJlerrlrff B.
ltu - BOSHr{KaeT
trpl{ eToMyAyrtrbe! a B T-ffrtenf,rx
opraEtrSrr KtrcJropoAa803[yxa, BbISIBa.fl
oco6eurrocr.flMrruopar{enuff Socrecrysaflx - cMeprb. Xapaxtepruun
rroM .EBJrflrorcflrraJrrrquecKpbrroro trepnoAa 4ecror.rn (or 2 go 12 t) u
HyMyJr.arrrBEocTb.
Ha uopaxennoro OB ynyuaroqero Aeficrrus neo6xoAuuo HEerb
rrporr.rBoraS,SareM BrEecru s3 Bap{eEuo atuocsepbr, trpeAocraBEl'b
rro;rsrr roxo, odnerqnrn Abrxanue (cuntn noqcso peuelrb, paccrerrryrb nyroBuqu), 4arr ropflqee IItrTbe E Kaft MolItHo 6r'rcrpee rocraBtrTb
B MEAtrYHKT.
()rpan.nnroqne Beq,ecrBa o6u4enoau,moaoecmeua- cunu.rrbHal
firrcnoTa r{ xJropqualr EapyrnaK)l [poqecc ycBoelrrr.sHr(cJropoAaxneTxaMu opralrEaua. 9to OB crrreprenbrroro4eficrnua.
Cununtna.s KrlcJIora trpe4craBJr-Eer co6o decquetnyn nerytryn
x{nAr{ocrb c sarraxoM ropbr(ofo MErrAaJrfl,xopoltro pacrBopEMyro B BoAeu
opraHrrrrecKr{x pacrBoprrreJr.x. x.ropquan - decqretnrrfr raa.
Eoesoe cecroflErre cuunlr'Rofr HtrcJrorrn xnopquarra - uap. CtoftKocrl, rra Mecrgocrf, JreroM - 15-20 uux, Buuo - ,qo 5 q.
Cnnu;rr,na-s KucJrora u xnoprluau rroua,qalor B oprHRBM rleiroBena B
rpaxt (lpu
ocrroBEoMqepes opraHbr AbrxaHrrfl q E(enyA0tlrro-Kl{meqHr,r
llprreMe aapaxeuno trrrqll u no4[il). flopaxenurr repner cosEalrr4e,
trprlcryrl cyAopor, 3a KoTopr,rMHacrynaeT trapantrs u cMepTb
Haqr.rFraercff
oT ocraEoBKa brxaElrE
Ilpu oraaanuu uepnofr rroMoqn neo6xo4uuo Ea4erb Ea nopalnenuoro
nportrBoraa'. pa3aBrrrb aMrryny c trportrBofiAEeM Ir BBecrn ee rroA nEtlonyrc qacTb rlpoTr'rBora3a,cleJraTb EcxyccTBeEEoeArxaHeE oTnpaBtrTb
noparfiennot'o B Meqzr{uncxr rryEXT.
Orpan,rnroqee BeqecrBo ncurorwtuvecnoao etmeun - Eu-3er (BZ\
cnerluSuuecrn gecrnyer Ea qenrpaJrbnyro HepBEyrccucreMy E BbrabrBaer
ncr{xrlrrrecxtre(rannrorlzEaqEro, crpax, AetrpeccEro, rroar}neHEocrr) u.nu
r[rar.ruecxue (cneuoty, rJryxory, napa.uuu) paccrpoctna. 3ro BpeMeEEo
rlrBo4.flqtre na crpoa OB.
opy)fitre MaccoBoro nopaxelurs

365

Bu-3er - rBeploe xpucrannrlscnoe Beqecrno, 6ea Batraxa, EepacrBopuMoe B BoAe. Boesoe cocroflrltre - agpoaoJlb.
Eu-3er uoparxaer oprauusu qepea opranbl ArrxaEtrfl unrr ?Keny4orrsoxrauesnnfi rpafir. flpu nquxannr{ aaparreHlroro BoaAyxa 4ecrrue Hqrlu (r BaBuctrMocruot [oau) u aaxalruepea 0,5-3
saer trpoflBJrr+'_cs
qunaercn uepes 2-4 qna.
Sapaxeuune yqacrfttr rela xeo6xo4uIr,roo6pa6orarb Mhr.[buoft BoAofi,
a rJraaa rr trocorJlorl{y rqarenbno trpoMrrrb qncro so[o. Bhrrpnxnyrb
uru Bhrrrncrrrrb rqerrofi o6ruyngupoBanlre, TqareJrbrro eto Bblcruparb.
floparrennnx r.raonr{pylor, a trprt ueo6xo4uuocrr4 rratrpaBJlflror B MeAurlnncxu tryHKr.
Orpaunrorque BerqecrBa paapaxa,ou+eeo e'cmeun- Cu-3c (CS),
xnopaqero{eHon, a[&rlc,lrr, 4n6euaoncaaetrtrH BbrobrBarorpaa4pat{eul,re
fnaa rr oprauoB hlxanr{n. Ocuclnxoe6oenoecocroflHrre - aopoSoJrr,.
Cu-c - 6ecquer:noe Kpr{craJrJllrqecxoeBeqecrBo c sarraxou rrepqa.
B uanux Konqenrpaquqx o6aagaer clrrlblrblMpasgpa{arorr(rruAefictoueu
rra fJraea rr BepxHtreAhrxareJlbHbrgflyla, a B ooJlbrlrExKoHoAHOBpeMerrIro
qErpaqtrflx BhrSbrBaerorl(otu orxpblThlx yqacrKoB KoN{Itr,B lrer(oropbrx
cn)rqagx - trapanuq opraHoB AhlxaHtrfl, cepArla E cMeprb.
XnopaqeroQenon - 6ecqnemoe KptrcranJrr{qecxoe BeqecrBo c aatraXOM rrepeMyxU. ,{,eCtny,EHA InaS. BblSbIBAeTctrJlbHoe CJIeSOTerIeHtrer
csero6o.EgHb,oqytqenl{e pesu trnu trecxa B rJraaax, cyopotnno ctr(arrre
aeH. Pear B rJraaax rr cnegorerlentre lrpoxoAflT Irpu BhtxoAe trg Sapaxennofi atuoc{epu.
A[ucur - Kpncrnnsqecxoe BeqecrBo npxo-x(enroro trnlr reMnoBeJrenororlBera, troqru 6ea aauaxa. flpu rguxarnu AIIM IIocJIe ne6olrmoro cftproro trepnola Aecrnus (20-30 c) uoRunetc.E )nrfienue D lrocorJrorxe tr Bo pry. Bcxope Boaultxaror 6olr, n rpyn, cyxoft KaltreJlb'
snxautre, pBora. flocae EaAeBaEEfftrporuBoraaa BreHuH paagpa?firru.E
MIIH, a aareM MeAJreHEo,B leqeHue
trpo[onrr(arcr Hapacraru {5-20
1,_3 q aru ctrMtrToMbilBartrxalor.
- cpannureJrblro lloBoe OB paagpaxanqero 4eft,Iln6enaoxcaaetruH
rrJloxo pacrBoplnMoe B BoAe' Brrausaer
rnep4oe
BeqecrBo,
3ro
crBrrfl.
tropa(efltrfi, anaJroruqune CS, Eo BlrattlrreJrbuofipeBocxoqtrr To OB uo
Buehrnaer crlJrbnoe paagpalfienue r(oltilttrlx troxpoToxcuqnocru.
BOB.

flpn uopaxrennu OB pas,qpan(aronleroeftcrnrn neo6xoArMo Eagerb

Ea trocrpaAaBltrero llporlrBoras, BBeCrrrIIo,4 mJreM-MACI(yaMrlyny c trporunoguuxofr cMecblo u nnecru IIa Baparfienno aruocQepu. Ilopalreurrr qonxeu trporroJrocr(arb por, Hocornorr(y tr rJrBa 2/q pacrnopolt
r{
trHrbeBofr colbr EJIu sucto noofr. Vgaa4rl OB c o6r*,ryHAlrpoBaHtr.E
crp.Elr(entra (nrrrpxxnyrb EJIII nurucrrar:l).
Toncunw - 6ory.nranusecxufr roxcuu lr cra{u.rroxomrosrrft enreponpoucxo)fiAenn, orrrocflTcff K
ToI{cuE, BeqecrBa 6soror[qecxoro
HoBbrM BbrcoxoroKcurIHbrM OB.
Eory.nnnuuecnlr ror(ctrn - nan6olee rorouuuoe OB cuepreJrbnoro
Aecrsuq. 3ro xpucrarruuecmoe BeqecrBo 6enoro qBera. Boauoxno
386 pyxjs

Bocbp4s

rrpuuenesue ero B BuEe ctrequJlrubl:i peqe[Typ1 o6lararoqn:x Brarrurenrno trpo,uon'(Irrenlnocrbrotropaxialoqero 4ecrnun. Xapaxrepeu
Orpan.nenue Hacrytraer vepea 30-36 vacnpl,lrhru treprroAoMAer"rcrBE.E.
con, flpnauaxlr opa'ierllrfl- roJIoBHatI6o.rrr,,cua6ocrb, ABocHne B rJIaBax, pBora, traprnq rrrrqeBo[a. Cueptr BoaMoHiEaor trapanrrra r{eHTpanrno nepnnofi crrcreub.
Crarfr.noxoxxosufr oureporoncun - OB, Bpetrlenlro BblBogffqee ua
crpofl. Buarileaer pBor]r r{ crrJrbnoe oc.na6;rerrneoprarrugMa, npu 6o.nrItrrrx Konqerrrparlrrnx BogMoxterr cueprenbnbrfr ncxo.
Ilpn npuruerreurrrr ToKcrrIIoB neo6xognllo ucrroJlLaoBarb cpAcrBa
trE4rntryanrnofi aaqnrur. C o6uyHgl4poBaHuq rr cnapflx{eunfl rortctrHbr
yaJrflrorc tryreM BbrrpflxtrBalJivfl.,r qr{crKn. Orxpurue yqtcru Koiriu,
nrrrrcBafl'qacrb nporr{Boraaa o6pa6arr,rBarorcs c IIoMoqIrIo ErrArIBIr,qypOTnB0xlrMrrrrecKorotrar(8T. Heo6xoAnuo trpoBorrrb lronHylo
aJIbHOTO
caHrrrapuyru o6pa6orxy. Ilopanreuuux roxclilraMu rocJle oxaaalrl{fl trepno uouorqu orupaBurb B Metryuxr.

Cpegcrna trpEMeEeEtrf, x[Mtrrleeaoro

opytrctrff

XuMusccxuc 6oenpunacbl rlo xlaccuSuxaqtru, trpuufiro a apMtrE

CItrA, Aenfircfl na ra6e;rrahle, Batracurte ra6enrnble E orpaHtrqenuo
la6earuue.
, Ta6e;rrxue tr BIracEhIe ra6e.ursrre 6oeupuuacbl cnapff)narorcs OB
luua VX, aapn'Hou, treperuanuhlM utrpplroM, Eu-3er, Cu-3c, xJlopaqeto$eronou E agaMcurou. Orpauu'reuno radearnne 6oeupunacH clrapfl!tarorcfl rrtrpuroM, Qocreuou Ir xJloprluauoM.
Bce 6oenpu[acbr oxpaenr,I B cepnrfr I{Ber, Ea Kopilyc doeupuuaca
letrocfircs rlBerHbre KoJIbqa u ruu{p B coorBercTBnrr c l(Jraccutfuxaquefr
OB. Boenpfi[acbl, cHapn]rienurecMeprenl'HbrMrrOB, uapxupyro.Tcff 3eroHbrMn I{oJIbIlaMn, a cHapfltr{ennnre OB, BpeMeIIHo BrBoAEqIrMu 1il3
GTpof,;- I(PacHhrMIn.
B CruA pasrepuyr

Ilrupor(oMacmta6na.s

trporpMMa tro MoAepHuBa-

cpe[crB xuMrrqecKoro HalrAelrr4s.Coatrann 6nnapuue xuMrrqecrue

ptrrracbr, B r(oroprlx ItoMIroIreHTI,Bxog.flq.Ee B cocraB OB, paauehr rraorrupoBanno o,qun or Apyroro. IIpn rrprrMexelrrlu xuuurlecnoro
rpunaca trpoucxornr cMelrrenue HoMrIoEeHron u o6paaosasne OB.
6oenpuuacr'r 6olee .6eaonacnnr B trpoI{BBoAcBeI{ xpanerrulr, qeM
. flo unenuro rrflocrpaurrblx Boeulrhrx clreqtraJlutron' olrn ffBnoaToMy rlJrArrrlpyercfl pacmr4pnrb ux [poflepcller(TtrBHilMr{,
BO.

OcrrosHuru cpe[crBaun trpnMeueurrff xuurrqecxoro opylrtu.E fl BJI.Erorc.g

xne 6oenrre qacru paxer, xuMuqecxrre pear(TtrBubres aprrr,:IJrelle cnapqgr,r rr MIrHLr,xuuuqecnue aRualltrorrEre6olt6u tr Kaccerr,lr
xrre Syracu, ruarrrnlt, rparlarbt.
opy)fine M&ccoBoro nopa;xeslrg 367

P a x e r u
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11(lreMaccooro uopaxeunn 369

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epylfiHe raccoBofo uopaxenstr 371

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MaccoBoro uopaxesus 373

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(uBoTIIaAe}fi
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cpeAcrB.
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(uexauuuecftrrx reHeparopx tr Bf,rJIIIBHblxBllaqllonurrx upu6opax).
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3apaxenuue
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BOSMOII(HO
B TerrJroeBpeMs roa E B ycnoBtrflx, 6luSnux K ecrecrBenHoMy
o6urauuro trepenocqrrxoB.
I uaepctn n'nani cnocod npuuesenus duoJroruqecft Ex cpeAcrB BanJrroqaercff B cxprrrrou aapaxeHtrrr Boayxa, Botr,upogooonbcrrua,
{ypaxa
tr T. lI.
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paner,
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6oeupuuacn,
reEeparopbr aepoao.nefi, BbrJrIrBHbre
E pacrrrnuBaroqne aBraaqrrontlbrenplr6opu n Apyrue cpeAcrB.
cuocodu trpsMe'eH'q EC no MrroroMorrpeAeJr.srorc.E
BoBMo)xHhrME
tryTflMrr trponrannoBerrlr.ffB opranrr3M. Onu uoryr trponar(arb B opranuau
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TpaKT, qepeS cJrrrsrrcure o6o.noqxr(pra, r{oca, rJraS r{ troBpe)r(AeEllbre
yqacrrttr Kolnu' flpu yxycax sapa]r{eEHhlMlrr{poBococyrlltME EaceKoMIMrr.
flo nar;rnqaM r{rrocrparrHbrxBoe'rrrx cueqna,"ucror, 6axrepuonor'rlecKoe (6uonoruvecxoe) opyxr{e Mo}r{er trprrMeHflrbcfl uo npytrHbrM cocpeAoroqeHu.ar,rnocx B troJroce spouta E B TErJryrtrO KpytrHbrM rroJlurtrrIecKuM, aAMrrrrucrparrrnlrtrrM E Boegr{o-llpoMr-rmJlerrlrrrnd odtextau,
paonau urrreucuBuoro x{rrBorfloBocrBa u BeureAenu.s.

Saqrra 0T opy)totnrraccoloronopaxenlr
3aqura or opyl*uff MaccoBoro tropalr(erru (3OMII) ,,Braercfl. 'AHEM
Eg eneMeuTos6oesoro o6ecueqeunn nocx.
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ffepEorO, xuMuqecfforo n 6anrepuonoruqecxoro
(6uo.uornvecxoro)
opy?r(.ssa nocxa r odrexrn rrJra, coxpaHeEEfl ux 60ecuoco6socru E
o6ecueseuufl BbruoJlgegtr.s uocraBneunhrx 3aarl.
opylnue MaccoBoro nopaxenun 375

SOMII opraErrsyeTc.n Bo Bcex BtrAax 6oeno AesTenbEoctlI socfi s

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oTKprTbrxu trepeKpbrTbrxqeJre, 6lun4arxefi ,4JIqJIUIIHOIOcOcTaBa'oKopae4' 1)'
rroB u ynpr'rrtrE 4na doenofr u Apyro rexHlrRu (crvr' r'u' 6,
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qenb Ea oreJreHue.Bxop, u qenb Heo6{oAuMO trepeKprBarIqr{ToM tr3
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u IIonbSoBArrEe r{M oTBeqAeTI(OMaEAqp
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yqapno BoJIEr.3ro osRaqaeTr sTo Ea IIepeAHeilIc1aTe BISSTLIAaBJrex"o-"o {pome yAapFofr BoJrHhrBospacraer u coorBercrBeEllo y6utaer
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opyirnrc MaccoBoro uopaxesuq 37?

376

p;1sBn BocbMair

Cxaagnr Mecrnocrtr coaqaror BoEy rentr u yMenbmaror rlopatxarorqee

gectnue cueroBoro.Eanyqenffff. Ha paccroanzq 1 KM or rlexrpa Bspbl
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Bucorrr c KpyrbrMr;rcxaraMu Aocrarovxo eSQextunun trpE SatrInre
or rrponrrnaroq,e paAnaqur.
flpu rapunax uaro MoqHocrlr aaqurure cnoctna Brcor trpo.snJrflrcrcfl Ea paccroflEnn 1000 M trpE r{pyrrrarre cxara 15o, a nptr BapbIBe
cpegne Moqrrocrlr - rra paccro.flEulr 1300 u E Kpyrnase cxaTa 20".
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Jlecnr,re MacctBbr o6,na4arot BbIcoKtrMn BarqtrTnhrMtrcsocrsaMu ot
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Jluquu cocraB Ir rxnr(y qerecoo6paauo paaMeqarb Ha rroJr.flrrax,
nrrpy6xax c MorroAbIMJIecoM n r(ycrapuuxoM rra yAaJreurrz 150-200 u
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.
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tro orEorrreuuxl K BoBMo)r{EbrMo6rexrau ggepnoro ylapa trpolnBnrrr(a.
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rrrrfl, Brraqeutr,E Koroporo lrpuBegeun a ta6;rrqe.

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l0 paa
-Jluqurr
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TEtr Mecfirocrl(

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t
0,9
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opy'fiile Maccororo noparxesttn 379

378

rxg3

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Vape
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6anrnepuo.noauOnaaeu4enue aoitcn o pa0uoanm,ueH,ott, ru,tttrqecteoJt{t
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100

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tToyr (puc. 6) B uoJrere lrffpaBnflercfl tro npoBo4au rrpu otrnTyP
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418 r;rana EeBEta.f,

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419

$ nrJ'I'nTrat
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"r"
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paxer (3YP).
ytrpaBnfleubrx
-B
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7 ilgPK <crourueept
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roJrbno B apilEu CmA, Eo tr B apuuqx crpan HATO tr Apyrtrx ftatrtrraJrtrcrtrrrecr(Ex rocygapcrs. Mauuna - ryceruquarr, rrJlanaroqa.fl. Macca - 71 r, BMecrtrMocrr (nxarcvan axunarx) - 13 ve:ronex, MancuMaJrbrrafl cnopocrb tro cyme - 65 xu/q, tro BoAe - 5,6 xMls. Sauac
xo4a - 480 xu. Boopyxeu 12,7-uv. Berrurrhru lryJreuerov Ha ryperrbxo ycranorre.
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Aecarrra, BoopyTr{eua25-nru aBroMartrqecxofr nyuxofr. n 7,62-uM rlyneMeToM, ycrauoBnelrrlrM ua 6amne, pffAoM c 6auurefi ycraHoBJIerIIIy IITYP
<Toy> c 6oexouunexToM uB ceMu par(er. ,Ilnn uymHn 6oexouulexr900 rrrcrpelroB, Ars tryJreMera - 2200 trarpouoB. Ha BMII ycranoBneH ABsrTenr, MoqEocTbro 500 r. c., xotopn rroSBoJlfler paSBuBarb
cxopocrb tro rrocce uo 66 nu/v, aauac xo4a - 480 xr'r. BMII o6opy4ouana {unvrpoBerrrtrnflquonxo ycranonxofi u cpe,qcrBaMtrpa[EocBtrar{.
Crpe.uHlr Aecalrra pactroJlararcTcfi B doenou oreJIeHuI{' B Kopue
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r{RocrpaxfiEre

420

y.15.s3 ]lt'atl

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MIIIAI

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ocuaqenrrbrliu treptrcxotraMu. Oun roopyxennr 5,56-uu dopronrrutr BErrBnEroBfttr

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Mt6A1.
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s 6oesouor4eneuutr Ee'uueercx. Mamnna ocnqeaa PJIC paaneAftrrl{aseMrrux qeneft tr AByM.EpanuocrauqnsMs, yBentrqen 6oexouulexr tryHE E par(er.
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13 IITyP, 5560 7,62- u 1080 12,7-uu narporroB. ,{,nurare.ur - Arraerlb750 l. c., MaxcuMaJrbna.s cnopocrb ABEteHuff xrr, uoqnocrbn
/8 nuls.. Barrac xoAa - 500 ru. Ha 6oprax 6aurnu pactroilotr(eubr Ba
qerbrpexorBoJrbnbrxrpaHaroMera Anff rrocrrrotsKrl AbIMoBbrx3aBec.
co6o trocneAHroro rrro4u$uraqulo rarrTanx M6043 upe4ctauset
xa M6042.
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c 6oexouu.rrexroM 55 nucrpe.roB, ABa 7,62-ulr rryJreltera, oAurr uB rrtrx
crapea c uymxo, gpyro cMoHrEpoBaH rla ,[ror(oM aapfl]fiarcrqero,
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tr BoaAyrtrEo-Aecaurraff. Morouexorrrbre tr TaufioBhre Avausutn cocro.sr
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BMII <MapAepD Morotrexornbrx 6pura4 u cMerlrarrbre Morolrexornble
6ara.nronu Morotrexorurlx 6purag, TaHr(oBbIe 6ara.rrourr Mororrexoruo u ranr(oBbrx 6purag u cMelrrRnbreraExoBhre 6ara.nronbr rannoBbtx
6purag.
6 a r n a J L b ot t M o r o C n e t u a n , x , w t i i l , o n x o n er o m n ' w '
uexorno 6puragn (puc. 72) oprantr3aquonrlo cocrout ua rrta6a, por6l
mra6no u csa6xestrs, AByx Morotrexornbrx por na EMII <Map4ep>
fl rasHoao porbr.
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44-uu PIII - 25, uynenreroB - 10, anrouo6wefr - 50 u 4pyra.fl RoerlEAE

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vucrenHocrb BSBo,qayrrpaBJrerruEu AByX trororrexorHbrx oTAeJreHra.

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5, 9-uu lrcrorrerr <Ranlrep> - 5.
B ma,H,neotipome n6eercfi Tptr Tagr(oBr'rx BBBoAa (B HaffiAoM rlerbrpc
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Bcero
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12, 44-uu
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sofr cnlofr cyxonytuux
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olAeirenu.a, B rialxon Ba Tauria c SnrrrraiaMlr.B pore
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tr
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TaK lr Nrorollexorlft{x 6pr,rra4, uropo T}rtr - cMerilarrrrblerailKoBbre 6atarl,C)nnr, o)(olllrune ts cocra-B Tarrliorbrx 6prarag.
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perrlouilIf,rfi, cna6xteun.a; Tp]r orAeJleilnff: xoJlecrrbrx r.r ryceHr4qflr,rx
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n"e* - 40-50 xu/v, nourro - 30-40 ru/v, AJI.Frycenuqurx Ma[run
u rannoB rreM - 25-35 Ku/v, novrrc - 15-25 xrvr/.r. Cropocrr gonileHnrr cMemaHrrbrxHoJroHHtro AopoI'aM c xopoue upouycxuo cuooodnocrrro ,uEeM- 40 xM/s u 6oree, Hoqbro - lo 30 rcrttis.
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cpecrB rloparfieE[tr flBJrfl()rcf, troBflneHtre cKopocTpenbEocrltr, AanbFocTtr E T0qfloclE BeAeUEff OrE.sr Mo6trJrbEocTEcUcTeM opytnE.tr, yBenuqerrEe rdx 6poneuo eatrIErbr u r. A.
Huxe uptrBe4enbr Kparnr,Ie xaparreptrcrlrr(tr Henoropnrx o6paaqon
BOOpyE(err14.E.
81-nn Nuv,oil.etnL 76 nueer Maccy B doeBoM lroJroffientru 35,4 nr,
Macca MtrHhr- 4,3 xr, pacqer - 3 qenosexa, MaxcuuaJrbnafl AaJIbnocrb crpe.urdm - 5600 M. MuHoMer Mo)fier Becrlr otolrb ftaft c rpyura, rax u ETP <Tpoy4xero. Cnopoctpenbuocrb - 8-12 nnctp./unu"
uEocrpaErEro

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l8

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BTP <TpoUArceH,- rycentrqrrr'rfr, trraBatroqr. Macca - 15,3 r,

gnrnaln - 2 qeronena. Paccqr{Tarr Ea rpancnoprupogagtre trexornoro
orgeJrentrs B cocraBe 10 qeaosex. Boopyxeu 7,62-lliw IryJIeMeroM. Morqrrocrb MuororotrJruBnoro ABurareJrfl - 240 ;r. c. MancuuJrbnaff cxopocrb ABtrrr(errtrfl tro mocce - 52 xuiv, fa trnaBy - 6 r]!r/s. Sanac xona - 580 xrtl.
B uocre;1ree BpeMff paapa6oran Baptranr ETP c 6amerxo, B KorotrytrKa <Pap4eul
po ycraxaBJrtrBaercff 3Grru tronyaBtoMarttrecftas
c arfrferrunnoi
Aanrnocrbro crpenrdx uo nerxo6porupoBasubru qen.fiM
Ao 1000 M.
Tanrc <Vu$ntenv Mn (pnc. 18) trpe4craBnfler co6o oAEy trB trocne4Ero 6oesag uacca - oxono
uo,qentr <I[r$renr.
flr{x uoqu$unaqn
55 r, aruuaffi - 4 qenonera. Boopyxenue: 120-rru Eapeauaff trJm(a,
cra6uruaupoBaflrrafl B AByx unocxocrgx, AB cuapeggux c uymxofr
tryneMera - 7,62-uu m L2,7-uu, a rar(x(e 7,62-raru eesntshri tryneMer.
.Ilanurocrr gecrsErelbuoro orEfl c uecra - 2500 M' roilrr[qEa spouo4,xanu6epnHe
6usaeMo nymro 6ponu - 130 uu. flpuneu.anrcf
c trncrtrtrecru,u
c orenflrlqnMcfl
troAAorrort, 6poue6ofiuo-{yracnHe
srlBB u AbruoBrle crrap.flAr. Ocnaqen anenrponuo-6annnctuscxulr
qrrcJrtrTeJreu vr JraaepnbrM AanbuoMepou. Moqnocrr
ABErTeJIs 7U) t. c,, cxopocrb ABrrx{errnflrro AoporM - 48 rrtl/q, uo uepeceuenno
Mecrrrocrrr - 30 xrtr/q, Batrac xoAa - 500 xrrr. Ilpeogo.uenaer Borrrle
nperpdgH rny6uno go 5 u c uoMoqbro o6opy4onanfrfr, Allfl. rro4BoArroro
BO?IttreEtrg.

448 r,raga lreBrag

II PIIJIO}frEII TI E
COIIPAUEHIIfl

Morocrperxorrl

' nPtrMEIfEMbIE

B EODBI'IX Olf yl{Efi TX

Odnenoficxonbre rracrn r.r noApaneneuug

noari, 6aram,or, pora, BBBoA,orgeJre- rtcn, uc6, Mcp, Mcrl
MCO

HI,I

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Ilapamroruo-AecanrrI 6atartron, pora! BBBoA
Ilyleruernnfi BBBoJ{,orgeJreEr{e
flnornsotannonuii nano
flporuuotanxooo-tryneMerxni.i neso4
lpanarolrernmfr ranon, or4eJrenue

ru, 16, rp, rn

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try;rn, rryJro
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Earapen rrporlrsorannoBhlx y[paBJrfieubrx paner
Mnuouerras 6arapen, rano4
Banog yrpas;renuR

an, a,4u, 6arp

caqu, ca6arp
6arp IITV P
nllu6arp, lrnun
By

Ilogpaa4oreunn IIBO
Senursalr par(erran 6arapen, BaBoA,orAeJrenue
Sesnrsas apru.ueplrftcxan 6araper, BBBoA, aeErrrnoe

ap6arp, apn, 3po

aa6arp, sar, 8 0

OTtrEJIEEI{C

Besflrnas par(erno-aprlt.nlepvfrcxar 6atapen

caMoxogthrx ycraroBon
Earapen, BBBoABeEr{THr;rx
Iocr noa4ymroro ua6lro4eunn
IloApaaAelreurrff c[eqtranbnrlx soficft
Paanegrrnarelr'Eafl pora, BBBoA,or4eJrerue
I4rxeuepuo-caleprar pora, B3BoA,or4eJrerue
fleperpanotuo-AecaHrEafl por a
flouroaRas pora. B3BoA
Banog, orAenellue ryceuurrrrrrx trnaBarcrrlr4xrparctroprepon
Bano4, orAeJreuserycearl.rrhrx caMoxogEhrxtrapoMoB
Orge;renlre MocroyrtlragsuoB
Pora xltlrRqecxo aarqlrrrr
Bano4, or4enenlre pagrraqlronuou xunuqecnoft paanegxu
Bano;1, orgeJrerrrecnequa;nro o6pa6orrn
Ornelrershrii BBBoA,or4e.lrenrre
Pota, sasoA, orAe.regrrecutarr
ftolreugaurcxa pora! BBBoA

apa6arp
6arp 3CV, nas. 3C)
TIBH
PP' PB' Po
rrcp, IrcB, I{co
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rtp, KB

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aBTp, aBTB, aBTO
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peMp
Xoasftc'rsesnnft nasol, oreJregr{e
xo3B, xo3o
Bano o6ecneqenflfi, naao cna6xenrn
no6, ncu
Orge.neunerexuuqecftoro o6c;ryxunanrln
o10
Ilynxrn
ltorvrangrnft nyuxr
Tnuono tryur(T ytrpaBJrerrr{fi
Houan4uo-na6rrogarenrurrft nynxr
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[iM
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31+tO,SlItC
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SOMII
Sarqura or opyn{us MaccoBoro tropamernff
3P3, 3X3, 383
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3Cv
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MB3
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MTITI,MIIE
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flepegoao orpng
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flpornnoroe;ryrrrafi o6opora (upornnorannonax o6opoua) TIBO (IITO)
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Paanegunarc.urur,rorpn4
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B E0EBbrX OKvMEtt'AX

llynrtsr

ynpBneHrrf,H cpeAcrB cBf,3I.I

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(ura6)

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(urra6) 6araluoua

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no4pa3HaIIucIo. Ifepe uanuCtn
AerleHHer\t' c coorBeTcTByloueft
u,tu na He Moxer HaHocurbcfl 3HaK, coorselcreynu4u TexHuKe,
x o ro po eoo py xeHo no pa z an eu u e

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xeHl,tl,!

nolra
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utu tu ue uoxer HtHocurbcs, iHaK, cooreeTcreyrct4u TexHuKe,
xo ropo eoopy xeHo no Ws en e+ue

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nylixr

(ura6)

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Hanpanlenne HacryrureHr{r flopa3ereHr{.8

Korraanso-sa6ruoAarenurrrft nyHKT KoMaHAupa por:u: 1
B trerrreM noptrKe; 2 - sa 6oegofi Marrrffie ilexorI (Ha Apyroll
TexHHKe H xoMaHAHpa raHxosofi porbr - c coorBercrByloul,I4MH
Konaxno-na6nparenutu
nyHKT rcottanu1xt
rnaxaura).
eseoa - c ouo ueprovxo

(nocr)
c yKa3aHI'IeM npl{HancxHa6nrollarenrnsr nynxr
uadnrogatenrultfi
nocru. C 6yxaarvru: A - aptullepuficxnfi
B - nocr Bo3AylxHoro na6nroeHr'r.r; l{ - rHXeHepHLItl
nyurr;
ua6nrogarcnruslil
xuluuqecxu
ga6nroatenrubifi
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poy eocrc

to*"n

llocr perylupoBaHl,ts RIlxeHI'uI IIJIu peryll4posufix

ropreuaglcrcnfi nocr, KflII - KouTponHo-nporrycxuoff
KTII - rontporlHo-Texnuqecxnfi nyuxr)

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[yl{x I

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lloc.negynqax
sagava 6aralroua:
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2 - tanxosoro 6aralnona (uorocrpenxosoro 6arartoHa Ha rexHHKe - c coorBercrBytoulNvn anaxavl)

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9 . 0 0 8 . 0 0 r 5 . 0 05 , 6

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TirHKoBoro 6aralroHa - c coorBercrBypulr,rMr{ tnzxawu\ . Enuttcawan naua poru - c ayun 4eprolKartu;
fueeon saoqa
ezeoa - c oxo ueprouxo

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llotpasAeneHue ocraHoBreHo Ha py6exe

l,lcxour,rfi py'6ex (nynxr), py6ex (nyHrr) plrryrflpoBaHla{,

ucxo,qurril py6ex gvr @opcuporanl.lx, py6ex BBII0 R 6o nroDOI'O 3[ICJIOIIA

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Py6ex paancprl,IBaltr{.q n 6ata,rmouHl,reKoJrHlrLr.B porxote

u aseonuc Kortottnbt ,- cooreercteenilo c e),jrln u ouo aeyt
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IroApa34e.JreHuft:
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o6oponsr, He saugrbr no[pa3gcJreHr{eM

Pacnoloxexue noppa3.qcnen[s a o6opoue c coorBerorBylotue

- pafrott o6oponrr (onopHanrrcuo: 1 -- o6utee o6o:Havenue; 2
(ua
ulr nyHxr) Morocrpenr(oBoro nolpa3gereHrlff Ha EMfl
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c yKa3auugM elo
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Pafion srrcarl{ !,ecaHTa tla BeFToJIcrax c yKa3H}IeM cocraua }1

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np u: elrn eulu)

Opyxxe MaccoBoro nopaxcnr{r n 3utxra or Hero

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3 - cpcE{ero xalu6pa; 4 - arror.'rarnqecxufi

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AeficrBut. 3uax - a 3aaucu-Lrocruor runa poKeril u rparcnoprHoeo cpec|aa

poxnponaxraf, TexHHK,asroh{o6Hnx n Beprorerbr

Tauxx: y' - o6uteeo6osuavexne; 2 - xonargrpa6aranroxa;

J- rurasanrr1n; /orner'lerxurfi

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Xy4oxuur H. T. [tarepyuta
Xy4oxecroennrrft pe4axrop A. fl . Caararuoe
Texurqecxu peAarrop I. l. Murpo$anoea
ltoppexrop f. H. Ilpuroano
146 3466
cIIaHo B a6op 11.07.88.flognucano B Eeqatb {?.00.89.f-24833. OopMar--60X90/ro.ByM. Iqr
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J\i 2 focyapcrBeHrroro
OpEena TpyloBoro l{pacHoro SEaMeEr.t MocHoBcfta.E rnuorpanR
r(oMnrera CCCP tro A,enaMrr3,arencrB,IlonfirpaofiII fiEnE(Itot roproBJrn. 129301 MocHBa,
Irpocrrerr Mtpa, 105.

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