E

P
s

CS

HB

t q t t

r r r r t
t t rr r
t t r Pr Pr
Pr q t t r t r
t t q
Pr t q t t t t
t rr t r t t rr
t r tt t t Pr P
Pr tr r q t rt r rr r tr
r t r r r q
t r
t r r r t r
r
t t r rt r

CS

HB

t
P
r r
t r tr

Pr
Pr
r r
r

rt
Pr r tr

P
ss ss
ss s s s
s ss
ss ss s r srs
s
sss t s rs s s
s t s ss
s ss s s ss
s r ss
s s

y

CS

1 m.s 1

m.s

ss s s

t s s sss s
ss s

HB

sss s r s
sss
sss

s t sss
s s s s s
s s

x (in meters)

t (in seconds)

CS

s t t s s

x (in meters)

HB

t (in seconds)

CS

0
000000
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
A3
A2
A1
0
1111111111111111111111
0
1111111111111111111111
0
1111111111111111111111
0
1111111111111111111111
0
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
S1
S2
1111111111111111111111
1111111111111111111111
00
00000
00
1111111111111111111111

HB

qt


qt

HB

CS

t t sss
t

HB

CS

P
s s ss s s t ss
t t t st ts t t s t
t
ss s t t t t s
s tt t t s s s tt t t t t t
t t ss t st s ss
t t t t ss
s t s t t st s

t


tt t t t t s s

tt t t t t s

st t ts t t t
s t tt s s
t s t t t ss
t t ss s ts

P
t t t t
t t t t t
t t t t
t tt t t t t
t

y

H
m

CS

tt t t t t

tt t t t t t
t t t

HB

tt t tt t t t

t tt t t tt t
t t t t
t

tt t
t

t t t t t t tt
t t t t
tt t t t qtt


P
t tr q

CS

rt r t tq rr t
tr q

r t rr t tr
q

t t t t
tr q

HB

tt

CS

P
r r
r q t
r r r
r r r r
r r r
r r r
tr r
rt r tr r

r r r r

r

r r

HB

CS

P
s s
s s
s s
s


s

s s s
s

s

Sheet of flexible
rubber with zero
net charge

Wall with a
negative net
charge

HB

s

s

s


s
s






q
s s
s s

P
+q

+Q

CS

s s

q
q
s


s
s s

10V 30V 50V

20V 40V
I

10V

30V 50V
20V 40V

10V 20V

30V

40V 50V

III

II

HB

s s s

s s
s s
s s


P
rt t t t
tr r t tr t
t r t r tr r
t t t t t r
t rt t rr t t rt t t
Q

+Q

+Q

II
III

(out of the plane of the paper)

CS

I
IV

t r t
t tr t r tr r
r tr ttr t t t r tt t rr
t tr r t r t t t
rt t t t t t rt t t
r tt t r rt

HB

Battery

Ammeter

Pipe full of salt water

Crosssectional
area A

t t t t tr r




r
t tr rt t ttr r t tr r
ts t t r t t


P
t tt t t
B
Battery

CS

t ttt t t t t t
t
Battery

Light
bulb

HB

t t t t
t t
t t t
t
t t t t

t t tt
t t t t
N

N
N
(c)

(b)

(a)

S
S

(e)

(d)


P
s s s s
ss s s s s
s s
N
N

S
B

CS

s s
s
s s s s

(a)

(b)

+
+
+
+
+
+
+

+
+
+
+
+
+
+

HB

s s ss s

(c)

++

+
+

+
+

+
+

+
+

(d)

+ +
(e)

s s s s s s
s
s

P
N

CS

t t
t t t t t
t t tt t
t t t t t t
t
t t
t t


t t t
t t
t t q t
t t t t
t t t t
x

HB

t t
t t t
t t t
t t t t

P
bulb
axis

stationary

moving left

bulb
axis

stationary

collapsing loop

II

bulb

III

stationary

loop rotating
CCW about axis

axis

bulb

axis

CS
S

IV

stationary

moving left

t t t





t t t t t
t t t t t t
t t t t t t t
P1

HB

P
2

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)


P
s s s s
t s t t t t s s
t t
Long solenoid,
perspective view

solenoid ( end view)

I increasing

P

s s
s
s
s
s

s
s
s
s

s
s
s
s

s
s
s
s

s
s
s
s

HB

CS

t t st t t s t t s t


t
s t

HB

CS

HB

CS

HB

CS

HB

CS

HB

CS

HB

CS

P
t t







x (in meters)
5

CS

Motion of skater B

10

t (in seconds)

Motion of skater A

HB

x (in meters)

Coordinates (x,t)
P1 = (3.6,1.4)
P2 = (3.5,2.4)

P1

Motion of
SkaterB

P2

Motion of
SkaterA

P3

P3 = (3.9,3.8)

t (in seconds)

3.1

HB
3.7

5.2

3.9

Flint

7.6

s ss s

Crown

CS

ttt

t t t ts

t t st
s

st

t t

CS

t t

Pt t t tt t t

HB