Name _____________________________________ Homeroom_____ Date November 6, 2014

Write the number of each statement in front of the name of the person in the right-hand column
who is best described by the statement. Use each statement only once (2 pts each; 20 pts total).
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Macedonian who conquered Egypt during Persian occupation _____Ramses II

Negotiated the worlds first formal peace treaty
_____Thutmose I
Known for the major cultural changes that he tried to make _____Thutmose II
Began to rule Egypt as a regent to a very young king
_____Thutmose III
Loved nature and built a botanical garden
_____Akhenaten
The last pharaoh to rule a separate Egyptian kingdom
_____Herodotus
General who took command of Egypt when Alexander died _____Alexander (the Great)

8. The sickly son of a successful pharaoh

_____Ptolemy

9. The first pharaoh to be buried in the Valley of the Kings

10. A Greek historian who traveled to Egypt around 600 BCE.

____Cleopatra
_____Hatshepsut

The remainder of the

test is short-answer
questions.
Complete sentences
are NOT necessary;

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complete answers ARE. You are able to earn partial credit for any questionhistory is not
all-or-nothing.
1. Egyptians believed that each pharaoh was the god Horus in human form. How was this
belief advantageous (good) for the people of ancient Egypt? (6 pts)
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2. Think about the beginning of Egyptian civilization. Why was it necessary for farmers to
grow surplus crops before specialized job could develop and trade could begin? (6 pts)
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3. The details of Hatshepsuts life can be explained in different ways. Provide an example
of something Hatshepsut did along with two opposite explanations of her motivation (her
reason) for taking that actionone positive explanation that supports the idea that she
cared for her people and one negative explanation that suggests she was selfish. (10 pts)
Hatshepsut is believed to have done the following. She: ______________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
A positive explanation for this action is that she:
________________________________________________________________
A negative explanation for this action is that she:
________________________________________________________________
4. During The Middle Kingdom, Egyptian society experienced a significant
changea middle class appeared and grew. Why is the development of a
middle class considered positive? (6 pts)

Ancient History Assessment, Page 2

__________________________________________________________________________
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5. New Kingdom Pharaohs were warrior kings. Why were they likely to focus more on
warfare than earlier pharaohs? (6 pts)
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6. Toward the end of The New Kingdom, pharaohs were forced to hire mercenaries to
expand their armies. Provide two separate reasons why the hiring of mercenaries might
lead to the situation that Suzanne Strauss Art describes as an end to patriotism in your
text. (10 pts total)
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Ancient History Assessment, Page 3

7. In 1823, Percy Bysshe Shelley wrote the poem Ozymandius (Ozymandius is the Greek
name for Ramses the Great). In it, Shelley writes
about traveling to Egypt and seeing a crumbling statue
of Ramses II. The poet tells his reader that the
following words are inscribed on the statue: My
name is Ozymandius, king of kings; Look on my
works, ye Mighty, and despair! (Note: To despair is
to lose hope.)
Knowing what you know about Ramses the Great,
why would the poet believe that Ramses would want
the people who looked upon his image to despair?
(Expressed another way, in what sense might Ramses
want people who saw his statue to feel miserable?) (6
pts)
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8. Geography shapes the way people live. The people of early Egypt were protected by the
features of the land that served as natural buffers and kept out invaders. Provide an
example of a physical feature of Egypt that DID NOT reduce a threat of invaders. (6 pts)
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9. Consider the famous words from Herodotus, Egypt is the Gift of the
Nile. In this quote, what is the gift Herodotus speaks of and to whom
is the gift given? (6 pts)
The gift: ______________________________________________________________
The gift was given to:________________________________________________

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10. Name one significant event in Egyptian history that occurred AFTER
the New Kingdom had ended and BEFORE the birth of the pharaoh
we know as Cleopatra (Cleopatra VII)? (6 pts)

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_____________________
11. Why does it make sense that the eye of Horus represents restoration/rebirth? (6 pts)
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12. The creation of bureaucracy was an excellent idea and a necessary step to help the
pharaohs of Egypt carry out the jobs associated with governmentearly bureaucracy
strengthened the central government. Describe the kind of bureaucracy that has the effect
of weakening a central government (and explain why that type of bureaucracy weakens
government). (6 pts)
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Ancient History Assessment, Page 5