Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2003
Pinyin Master
1981
t
uo, t uo tuo
1911
1913
1918 11
23
24 3 12
[]
fng
[]
[] , kui
(Matteo Ricci)(Nicolas Trigault)1867 Thomas F.
Wade [Teach Yourself Chinese]1912 H. A. Giles
Wade (Wade-Giles)
1926
1931
1986
1958
40
,1958
1977 9 7
1979 6 15
1982 8 1
ISO7098
zh
ng
b
p
a
o
e
zh
ch
sh
ai ei
ao
ou
an
en
ang
eng
ong
ia
ua
ie
uo
ai
ei
uai
uei
ao
iao
ou
i(o)u
an
ian
en
in
ang
iang
eng
ing
uan
an
u(e)n
uang
ueng
iong
er
i, u,
y, w, yu:
y
w
y
yn
wn
yn
yng
wng
yun
1.
2.
z, c, zh, ch, j, q, x
(ien)
(ieng)
(uen)
(en)
(eng)
in ( ln)
ing ( nng)
un ( chn)
n ( qn)
iong ( qing)
yn
yng
wn
yn
yng
3.
w-o-r-k-work
4.
Reference
Ao, Benjamin. 1997. History and prospects of Chinese Romanization. Paper presented at the CALA
Transliteration Task Force meeting in San Francisco on June 28, 1997.
http://www.whiteclouds.com/iclc/cliej/cl4ao.htm
Barnes, Dayle. 1974. Language planning in Mainland China: standardization. In Joshua A. Fishman
(ed.), Advances in Language Planning. The Hague: Mouton.
Foreing Language Press. 1958. Reform of the Chinese Written Language. Peking: Foreign Language
Press.
Ni, haishu. 1948. Zhongguo Pinyin wenzi yundongshi. Shanghai: Shidai shubao (
1948 )
Seybolt, Peter and Gregory Kuei-ke Chiang (eds). 1979. Language Reform in China: Documents and
Commentary. New York: M. E. Sharpe, Inc.
Wu, Yuzhang and Li Jinxi. 1957. The Summary of Creating Hanyu Pinyin Alphabet by Chinese
People During the Past 60 Years, in Renmin Ribao, December 12, 1957.
1957 12 12
Zhou, Youguang. 1958. The Disputable Issues of Hanyu Pinyin Schema and Their Smooth Solution,
in Chinese Philology. No. 4, 1958. (
1958 4 )
1980
1980
1981
http://www.ahtvu.ah.cn/jxc1/zhykch/2188/fd2.htm
1963
1982.
Web sites
Comparison of Mandarin phonetic transcription systems
http://www.omniglot.com/writing/mandarin_pts.htm
The Origin of Zhu Yin Fu Hao. http://www.taigu-mac.com/zhuyin/z_histb5.html
http://mail.scu.edu.tw/~t0812345/
http://www.sungwh.freeserve.co.uk/chinese/bpmf.htm