INSTRUCTIONAL

OBJECTIVES
EDU555
Curriculum & Instruction
Encik Muhamad Furkan Mat Salleh

Instructional Objectives
To start teaching: teacher must be
guided by instructional objective,
followed by strategies and tools to
accomplish the task, and then
evaluate the outcomes

Instructional Objectives
Objectives: desired outcomes of learning
Purpose:
Defining the intents of an educational
plan
Helping teachers to plan steps necessary
to achieve plan
Helping students to know what is
expected of them at the end of the
program

Instructional Objectives
Helping teachers, administrators and
society to assess the products of the
system
Statement that described the teachers
intent about how students should
change

Mager format of
instructional objectives
Robert Mager (1962)
Objectives must be OBSERVABLE and
MEASURABLE
Behavioral Objectives

Mager format of
instructional objectives

Suggested that objectives of

learning need to be specific in term
of:
1) Student behaviour

What the learner will be able to

do when he has mastered the
objectives
What learner will be doing or
behavior the teacher will accept as

Mager format of
instructional objectives
2) Testing situation
- Under what conditions he will be
able to do it
- The condition under which the
behaviour will be observed
- given the blank world map
students should be able to locate
the 5 active volcanoes

Mager format of
instructional objectives
3) Performance criteria
- To what standard he will be able to
do it
- The standard of the performance
level defined as acceptable
- indicating correctness, speed, rate of
response
- given the blank world map students
should be able to locate the 5
active volcanoes

Mager format of
instructional objectives
use precise words that are not
open to many interpretations
Link the 3 parts together when
writing the behavioral objectives
Start by stating students behaviours,
condition and performance

Mager format of
instructional objectives
Examples :
- state
- list down
- identify
- compare
- calculate
- draw
- name the

colour the..
measure
solve
match the..

Mager format of
instructional objectives
Criticisms:
1) Not practical difficult to write
2) Difficult to accomplish the kind of
specificity
3) Becomes unmanageable for teachers to
write because too many objectives and
specificity

Instructional Objectives

Groundlund (1970) suggested there are 2

levels of objectives:
1) General objectives
2) Specific objectives

Instructional Objectives
General instructional objectives must be
followed by a sample of specific behavioral
outcomes
Teaching may be directed towards
achievement of the general objectives
Specific objectives may form the basis for
testing and assessment

Blooms Instructional
Objectives
There are different types of behaviours
can be specified in writing the
instructional objectives

Blooms Instructional
Objectives

Benjamin Bloom (1956) proposed the most

helpful guides for the behaviour classification
He created a scheme that classifies
instructional objectives in a systematic way
He divided the objectives into 3 domains:
1) Cognitive domain : knowing fact and
information
2) Psychomotor domain: performing physical
skills
3) Affective domain: exhibiting personal
attitudes