FANS

WHAT IS FAN ?

PRESSURE RISE UP TO 2 PSIG.

BLOWERS ?

2 TO 10 PSIG

COMPRESSORS

> 10

USES OF FANS :
1.

EXHAUSTING OR INTRODUCING AIR OR OTHER GASES IN TO ;

(A)
(B)
(C)

PROCESS REACTORS
DRYERS, COOLING TOWERS AND KILNS
FAN ASSISTED AIR COOLED HEAT EXCHANGERS

ASSISTING COMBUSTION IN FURNACES

CONVEYING PNEUMATICALLY

VENTILATING FOR SAFETY AND COMFORT

CLASSIFICATION :
1.

AXIAL

TUBE AXIAL
VANE AXIAL

2.

CENTRIFUGAL

RADIAL
FORWARD CURVED
BACKWARD CURVED OR INCLINED

WHERE AXIAL LOW RESISTANCE LARGE QUANTITIES AT LOW

PRESSURE.
WHERE CENTRIFUGAL REQUIRING GREATER HEAD, HIGH
FRICTIONAL RESISTANCES

CHARACTERISTICS OF CENTRIFUGAL FAN

RADIAL BLADE :
-

PERFORMS WELL IN MANY APPLICATIONS RANGING FROM

PNEUMATIC CONVEYING TO EXHAUSTING PROCESSOR AIR OR
GAS IN HIGH RESISTANCE SYSTEM.

HIGH STATIC PRESSURE WITH LOW CAPACITY.

NOT FOR VENTILATION.

TYPICAL IMPELLER TYPES.

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

OPEN TYPE IS GENERAL PURPOSE SELF CLEANING.

TYPE CLOSED ON ONE SIDE WITH STRINGY MATERIALS.
RIM TYPE GOOD FOR SEVERE DUTIES.
BACK PLATE GOOD DRAFT BUT NOT SUITABLE FOR CHUNKY
OR FIBROUS MATERIALS.

FORWARD CURVED TYPE :

(1)

IMPARTS GREATER VELOCITY TO THE AIR THAN BACKWARD

INCLINED TYPE.(FORCED DRAFT TYPES)

(2)

RUNS AT SLOWER SPEEDS WHICH MAKES IT SUITABLE FOR

PROCESS EQUIPMENT REQUIRING LONG SHAFT.

BACKWARD CURVED AND BACKWARD INCLINED TYPES :

-

TO DEVELOP MUCH OF ENERGY DIRECTLY AS PRESSURE

THIS MAKES EFFICIENT VENTILATORS.(INDUCED DRAFT TYPES)

OPERATE AT MEDIUM SPEED.

BROAD PRESSURE VOLUME CAPABILITIES.

DEVELOP LESS VELOCITY HEAD THAN FORWARD OF SAME

SIZE.

EASY TO CONTROL SMALL VARIATIONS IN SYSTEM VOLUME

RESULT IN SMALL VARIATIONS OF AIR PRESSURE.

CHARACTERISTICS OF AXIAL FANS

TUBE AXIAL
FANS

WIDE RANGE OF VOLUMES AT MEDIUM

PRESSURE, PROPELLER, ENCLOSED IN
CYLINDER.
HELICAL OR SCREW LIKE MOTION AIR
DISCHARGE PATTERN

VANE AXIAL FANS :

AIR GUIDE VANES ON DISCHARGE SIDE

STRAIGHT LINE AIR DISCHARGE
TURBINE IS REDUCED IMPROVES
EFFICIENCY AND PRESSURE
CHARACTERISTICS.

CAN DEVELOP PRESSURE 20 INCH OF WATER.

NON-OVERLOADING

AVAILABLE WITH ADJUSTABLE FAN-BLADE

PROVIDES PERFORMANCE VARIATION.

DIRECTION CONNECTION OF THE FAN WHEEL TO THE MOTOR

SHAFT.

PITCH

WHICH

AIRFOIL CENTRIFUGAL FANS

(1)

TO INCREASE THEIR STABILITY, EFFICIENCY AND

PERFORMANCE.
-

GENERALLY QUITE, DO NOT PULSATE BECAUSE LESS

TURBULANCE.

TUBULAR CENTRIFUGAL FANS :

-

ENCLOSED IN A DUCT

STEEPLY RISING PRESSURE OVER A WIDE RANGE OF CAPACITY

NON-OVERLOADING THESE FANS ARE GOOD.

(A)

GENERAL BUILDING VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING AS

WELL AS FOR FRAME REMOVAL, HUMIDIFYING, DRYING, MOTOR
COOLING AND SUPPLYING COMBUSTION AIR.

AXIAL VERSUS CENTRIFUGAL

(1)

CENTRIFUGAL FANS ARE EASIER TO CONTROL.

(2)

MORE ROBUST IN CONSTRUCTION.

(3)

LESS NOISY THAN AXIAL.

(4)

THEIR EFFICIENCY DOES NOT FALL-OFF RAPIDLY OF OFFDESIGN CONDITIONS.

INLET BOXES (DEVICES AREA TO THE AIR 90 DEGREE AT THE FAN

INLET) WITHOUT IMPAIRING THE PRESSURE OR EFFICIENCY.

COMPARISON OF AXIAL AND CENTRIFUGAL FANS

APPEARANCES
CAPACITY

AXIAL FAN SMALLER AND IS PART OF THE

DUCT.
AXIAL HAVE MORE CAPACITY PER UNIT
WEIGHT.

CONSTRUCTION

CENTRIFUGAL IS MORE COMPLEX AND

REQUIRE LARGER SHAFTS AND BEARINGS.

FIRST COST

AXIAL FAN IS LESS EXPENSIVE.

INSTALLATION

AXIAL FAN IS EASIER TO INSTALL.

MAINTENANCE

IMPELLER IS COSTLIER THAN AXIAL

PROPELLER.

NOSE LEVEL

AXIAL IS NOISY.

OVERLOADING

AXIAL FAN GETS OVERLOADED WHEN

SHUTOFF.

POWER

(1) AXIAL MORE. VANE AXIAL ARE MORE

EFFICIENT THAN TUBE AXIAL.

PRESSURE CAPACITY

(2) BACKWARD INCLINED MORE EFFICIENT

THAN RADIAL OR FORWARD INCLINED.
AXIAL FANS CAN HANDLE 8 TO 9 INCH
WATER GAGE,
CENTRIFUGALS CAN HANDLE 60 INCH >

REVERSE FLOW

AXIAL FAN CHANGE FROM SUPPLY TO

EXHAUST WHEN ROTATING REVERSE.

SPACE

AXIAL MORE COMPACT.

APPLICATION EXAMPLES

(1) ABRASIVE SERVICE

CENTRIFUGAL MORE STURDIER.

(2) CORROSIVE FUMES

TUBE AXIAL FAN SUITABLE.

(3) DUST COLLECTION

SYSTEM
(4) HEAT RECOVERY

RADIAL CENTRIFUGAL

(5) HIGH TEMPARATURE

AXIAL FAN WITH BELT DRIVE

(6) HIGH VOLUMES

AXIAL FAN AT LOW PRESSURE

(7) LOW VOLUMES

AT HIGH PRESSURE

(8) ROOT VENTILATOR

THE AXIAL

(9) STICKY PARTICLES

RADIAL

AXIAL FAN