http://www.gastrolab.net/ksgcolo2.

htm

Colon - the Large Bowel

Normal Valvula Bauchini

This is a normal valvula Bauchini. Usually it is possible to go into the
terminal ileum with the colonoscope.

High resolution image: Hepatic flexure

Melanosis coli
This typical pigmentation of the colon mucosa is seen in the laxative
abuse syndrome. The patient has usually for years used vast
amounts of laxatives. The pigmentation is usually maximal in the
distal parts of the bowel. This picture is however from the caecum.

These are not polyps!

No, these are not polyps. The finding in these pictures are red
whortleberries, a popular kind of berry in Finland. The patient had
eaten these four days earlier.

... neither are these

Asacol-tablets used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, here found
in the caecum

... and a slow release potassium tablet

Normal Appendix in the Caecum

Well, when you have seen this, you know, that you have seen
everything in the colon. When appendix is identified, all of the colon
has been investigated.

A tapeworm in the caecum and colon ascendens

Every textbook propose that this is a very common finding in
Finland. It is not. At least any more.

Normal transversum
The transversal part of colon has a triangular configuration clearly
seen in these pictures.

Diverticular disease in the Sigmoid Colon

A very common finding in the sigmoid colon, diverticular disease,
often not causing much symptoms.

High resolution image: Colon Cancer (Adenocarcinoma, in the

transverse colon)

Colon cancer
Colon Cancer is the most important gastrointestinal cancer, with a
high and rising incidence in the developed world. The yearly
incidence in USA is about 50 new cases per 100.000, in Finland
slightly above 20. The main symptom is occult or manifest bleeding,
changed bowel habits and anaemia. Colonoscopy is the diagnostic
method of choice, and should always be done in elderly patients
with bleeding or unexplained iron deficiency anaemia. Surgical

treatment if possible is curative, radiation and medical therapy are

palliative.
Videoclip: Caecum

Videoclip: Transverse Colon

Videoclip: Sigmoid Colon

Videoclip: Crohns disease in the sigmoid colon

An Anatomic Orientation:

Colon: Caecum, Ascending Colon, Hepatic Flexure, Transverse Colon, Splenic

Flexure (Flexura Lienalis), Descending Colon, Sigmoid Colon - and then the
Rectum.