When in situ conservation measures turn out to be not enough, more intensive

forms can be used to address local extinctions in threatened habitats. As noted

above, conservation breeding is done to restore populations in critical areas of
habitat. Once conservation breeding succeeded, reintroduction follows.
Reintroduction, or the release of a species into an area in which it had been
indigenous but has since become extinct, is an example of conservation
translocation wherein there is intentional movement of animals to restore
populations as a form of threatened species management (Seddon, 2014). Since
1832, reintroduction has been practiced in conservation context and in 1988, the
IUCN founded a Species Survival Commission reintroduction specialist group which
developed guidelines on what should be done before, during, and after a
reintroduction project. Since then, Armstrong and Seddon (2008) extended the
guidelines, proposing key questions at the population, metapopulation, and
ecosystem levels that should be addressed before reintroduction proceeds. As for
reintroduction itself, there have been some cons which include low genetic diversity
of reintroduced populations since these populations go through a period of relatively
small population size at first. Needless to say, the risks of inbreeding and loss of
genetic variation is high. They are also vulnerable to Allee effects and other
negative effects that have already been discussed earlier in other conservation
methods. And there is a possibility that these cons might have contributed to past
reintroduction failures. However, any reintroduction cannot be simply classified as a
success. The time scale for success evaluation is really important in the process of
reintroduction. There have been projects that seemed to be a success at first but
then failed at a later stage. Having said this, monitoring becomes a necessity in
order to assess the success or failure of said reintroduction projects. With the help
of proper monitoring, tracking of genetic diversity and evaluation of the
reintroduced populations impacts could be done. (Seddon 2014) In the Philippines,
some examples include the reintroduction of 50 captive-bred Philippine Crocodiles
in Dicatian Lake in the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park on Luzon in July 2009.
Examples also include ongoing introduction projects such as the one for the
Philippine Spotted Deer and Visayan Tarictic Hornbill on Sicogon Island.