Professional Documents
Culture Documents
****
02/07/15
20:55:25
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
********************************************************************************
****
FRONT SUSPENSION
FILENAME: Tutorial2a.dat
Y
(mm)
91.00
92.00
723.49
Z
(mm)
181.00
197.00
166.93
POINT (
POINT (
POINT (
4092.00
4332.00
4102.49
308.00
308.00
695.53
385.00
369.00
453.94
POINT (
POINT (
POINT (
4146.51
4180.00
4214.00
4245.00
4180.00
4145.01
4092.50
4092.50
4030.00
4169.99
4230.00
4130.00
600.00
475.00
668.00
197.00
486.00
645.00
701.01
750.01
440.00
520.03
525.00
720.01
203.47
593.60
232.85
230.00
690.00
209.85
310.37
312.93
194.91
449.91
219.89
274.84
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
t
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
STATIC VALUES
CAMBER ANGLE (deg):
TOE ANGLE (SAE) (+ve TOE IN) (deg):
TOE ANGLE (PLANE OF WHEEL) (deg):
CASTOR ANGLE (deg):
CASTOR TRAIL (HUB TRAIL) (mm):
CASTOR OFFSET (mm):
KINGPIN ANGLE (deg):
KINGPIN OFFSET (AT WHEEL) (mm):
KINGPIN OFFSET (AT GROUND) (mm):
MECHANICAL TRAIL (mm):
ROLL CENTRE HEIGHT (mm):
8
9
11
12
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
-2.99
0.00
0.00
2.09
4.84
3.36
5.56
40.74
30.60
3.36
74.76
INCREMENT (mm):
INCREMENT (mm):
INCREMENT (deg):
INCREMENT (mm):
20.00
20.00
0.50
5.00
********************************************************************************
****
02/07/15
20:55:25
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
********************************************************************************
****
REAR SUSPENSION
FILENAME: Tutorial2a.dat
Y
(mm)
245.00
213.00
724.00
Z
(mm)
197.10
221.10
167.10
POINT (
POINT (
POINT (
6239.50
6568.50
6332.50
469.00
501.00
701.00
396.10
384.10
420.10
POINT (
POINT (
POINT (
6386.50
6419.50
6454.50
6485.50
6419.50
6384.50
6332.50
6332.50
4030.00
4170.00
4230.00
4130.00
600.00
475.00
666.00
340.00
486.00
645.00
701.00
750.00
440.00
520.00
525.00
720.00
204.10
594.10
269.10
263.10
690.10
210.10
311.39
313.10
195.00
450.00
220.00
275.00
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
POINT
t
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
STATIC VALUES
CAMBER ANGLE (deg):
TOE ANGLE (SAE) (+ve TOE IN) (deg):
TOE ANGLE (PLANE OF WHEEL) (deg):
CASTOR ANGLE (deg):
CASTOR TRAIL (HUB TRAIL) (mm):
CASTOR OFFSET (mm):
KINGPIN ANGLE (deg):
KINGPIN OFFSET (AT WHEEL) (mm):
KINGPIN OFFSET (AT GROUND) (mm):
MECHANICAL TRAIL (mm):
ROLL CENTRE HEIGHT (mm):
8
9
11
12
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
-2.00
0.00
0.00
0.23
-0.42
1.31
5.19
39.27
26.68
1.31
99.23
RUN DETAILS
FULL MODEL:
40.00
40.00
2.50
ROLL
30.00 STEERING
INCREMENT (mm):
INCREMENT (mm):
INCREMENT (deg):
INCREMENT (mm):
20.00
20.00
0.50
5.00
********************************************************************************
****
02/07/15
20:55:25
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
********************************************************************************
****
FRONT SUSPENSION
BUMP TRAVEL
RHS WHEEL (+ve Y)
TYPE 1 Double Wishbone, damper to lower wishbone
INCREMENTAL GEOMETRY VALUES
BUMP
TRAVEL
(mm)
CAMBER
ANGLE
(deg)
TOE
ANGLE
(deg)
CASTOR
ANGLE
(deg)
KINGPIN
ANGLE
(deg)
DAMPER
RATIO
[-]
SPRING
RATIO
[-]
-40.00
-20.00
0.00
20.00
40.00
-1.4424
-2.1846
-2.9928
-3.8679
-4.8113
-0.0108
0.0015
0.0001
-0.0137
-0.0386
1.2330
1.6629
2.0916
2.5193
2.9464
4.0138
4.7562
5.5650
6.4414
7.3871
1.349
1.348
1.346
1.344
1.342
1.238
1.236
1.234
1.232
1.229
HALF WHEELBASE
DAMPER
-40.00
32.36
-20.00
16.19
ANTI
ANTI
ROLL
ROLL
DIVE
SQUAT
CENTRE
CENTRE
TRACK
CHANGE
TRAVEL
(%)
(%)
HEIGHT
HEIGHT
CHANGE
(mm)
(mm)
TO BODY
(mm)
TO GRND
(mm)
(mm)
34.48
0.00
74.10
114.10
-4.97
0.40
29.68
36.65
0.00
74.39
94.39
-2.22
0.20
14.85
0.00
0.00
20.00
-16.22
40.00
-32.48
39.19
0.00
74.76
74.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
42.17
0.00
75.23
55.23
1.70
-0.21
-14.87
45.73
0.00
75.80
35.80
2.89
-0.44
-29.76
********************************************************************************
****
02/07/15
20:55:26
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
********************************************************************************
****
FRONT SUSPENSION
BUMP TRAVEL
LHS WHEEL (-ve Y)
TYPE 1 Double Wishbone, damper to lower wishbone
INCREMENTAL GEOMETRY VALUES
BUMP
TRAVEL
(mm)
CAMBER
ANGLE
(deg)
TOE
ANGLE
(deg)
CASTOR
ANGLE
(deg)
KINGPIN
ANGLE
(deg)
DAMPER
RATIO
[-]
SPRING
RATIO
[-]
-40.00
-20.00
0.00
20.00
40.00
-1.4424
-2.1846
-2.9928
-3.8679
-4.8113
-0.0108
0.0015
0.0001
-0.0137
-0.0386
1.2330
1.6629
2.0916
2.5193
2.9464
4.0138
4.7562
5.5650
6.4414
7.3871
1.349
1.348
1.346
1.344
1.342
1.238
1.236
1.234
1.232
1.229
HALF WHEELBASE
DAMPER
-40.00
32.36
-20.00
16.19
0.00
0.00
20.00
-16.22
40.00
-32.48
ANTI
ANTI
ROLL
ROLL
DIVE
SQUAT
CENTRE
CENTRE
TRACK
CHANGE
TRAVEL
(%)
(%)
HEIGHT
HEIGHT
CHANGE
(mm)
(mm)
TO BODY
(mm)
TO GRND
(mm)
(mm)
34.48
0.00
74.10
114.10
-4.97
0.40
29.68
36.65
0.00
74.39
94.39
-2.22
0.20
14.85
39.19
0.00
74.76
74.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
42.17
0.00
75.23
55.23
1.70
-0.21
-14.87
45.73
0.00
75.80
35.80
2.89
-0.44
-29.76
********************************************************************************
****
02/07/15
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
20:55:26
********************************************************************************
****
REAR SUSPENSION
BUMP TRAVEL
RHS WHEEL (+ve Y)
TYPE 1 Double Wishbone, damper to lower wishbone
INCREMENTAL GEOMETRY VALUES
BUMP
TRAVEL
(mm)
CAMBER
ANGLE
(deg)
TOE
ANGLE
(deg)
CASTOR
ANGLE
(deg)
KINGPIN
ANGLE
(deg)
DAMPER
RATIO
[-]
SPRING
RATIO
[-]
-40.00
-20.00
0.00
20.00
40.00
-0.6702
-1.2381
-2.0000
-2.9548
-4.1053
0.2127
0.0963
0.0000
-0.0596
-0.0661
0.2629
0.2328
0.2265
0.2434
0.2834
3.8636
4.4321
5.1944
6.1495
7.3001
1.452
1.453
1.454
1.454
1.455
1.288
1.289
1.290
1.290
1.290
HALF WHEELBASE
DAMPER
-40.00
31.03
-20.00
15.51
0.00
0.00
20.00
-15.51
40.00
-31.01
ANTI
ANTI
ROLL
ROLL
DIVE
SQUAT
CENTRE
CENTRE
TRACK
CHANGE
TRAVEL
(%)
(%)
HEIGHT
HEIGHT
CHANGE
(mm)
(mm)
TO BODY
(mm)
TO GRND
(mm)
(mm)
14.22
30.18
100.05
140.05
-6.34
-1.77
27.52
15.47
36.79
99.45
119.45
-2.89
-0.94
13.76
16.77
43.84
99.23
99.23
0.00
0.00
0.00
18.11
51.53
99.49
79.49
2.35
1.02
-13.75
19.50
60.08
100.31
60.31
4.18
2.11
-27.50
********************************************************************************
****
02/07/15
20:55:26
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
********************************************************************************
****
REAR SUSPENSION
BUMP TRAVEL
LHS WHEEL (-ve Y)
TYPE 1 Double Wishbone, damper to lower wishbone
CAMBER
ANGLE
(deg)
TOE
ANGLE
(deg)
CASTOR
ANGLE
(deg)
KINGPIN
ANGLE
(deg)
DAMPER
RATIO
[-]
SPRING
RATIO
[-]
-40.00
-20.00
0.00
20.00
40.00
-0.6702
-1.2381
-2.0000
-2.9548
-4.1053
0.2127
0.0963
0.0000
-0.0596
-0.0661
0.2629
0.2328
0.2265
0.2434
0.2834
3.8636
4.4321
5.1944
6.1495
7.3001
1.452
1.453
1.454
1.454
1.455
1.288
1.289
1.290
1.290
1.290
HALF WHEELBASE
DAMPER
-40.00
31.03
-20.00
15.51
0.00
0.00
20.00
-15.51
40.00
-31.01
ANTI
ANTI
ROLL
ROLL
DIVE
SQUAT
CENTRE
CENTRE
TRACK
CHANGE
TRAVEL
(%)
(%)
HEIGHT
HEIGHT
CHANGE
(mm)
(mm)
TO BODY
(mm)
TO GRND
(mm)
(mm)
14.22
30.18
100.05
140.05
-6.34
-1.77
27.52
15.47
36.79
99.45
119.45
-2.89
-0.94
13.76
16.77
43.84
99.23
99.23
0.00
0.00
0.00
18.11
51.53
99.49
79.49
2.35
1.02
-13.75
19.50
60.08
100.31
60.31
4.18
2.11
-27.50
********************************************************************************
****
02/07/15
20:55:26
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
********************************************************************************
****
FRONT SUSPENSION
ROLL
RHS WHEEL (+ve Y)
TYPE 1 Double Wishbone, damper to lower wishbone
INCREMENTAL GEOMETRY VALUES
ROLL
ANGLE
(deg)
CAMBER
ANGLE
(deg)
TOE
ANGLE
(deg)
CASTOR
ANGLE
(deg)
KINGPIN
ANGLE
(deg)
DAMPER
RATIO
[-]
SPRING
RATIO
[-]
-2.50
-2.00
-1.9876
-2.1731
-0.0563
-0.0426
2.7882
2.6494
4.5638
4.7483
1.338
1.339
1.226
1.227
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
-2.3664
-2.5675
-2.7763
-2.9928
-3.2169
-3.4486
-3.6879
-3.9347
-4.1889
-0.0300
-0.0187
-0.0087
0.0001
0.0074
0.0134
0.0179
0.0209
0.0224
2.5104
2.3711
2.2315
2.0916
1.9515
1.8111
1.6705
1.5297
1.3887
4.9406
5.1409
5.3491
5.5650
5.7886
6.0200
6.2589
6.5055
6.7596
1.341
1.343
1.344
1.346
1.348
1.350
1.352
1.354
1.356
1.229
1.230
1.232
1.234
1.236
1.238
1.240
1.242
1.244
ROLL
ROLL CENTRE POSITION
HALF WHEELBASE
ANGLE
X
Y
Z
TRACK
CHANGE
(deg)
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
CHANGE
(mm)
(+ve Y to outer wheel: Z rl to Grnd) (mm)
DAMPER
TRAVEL
(mm)
SPRING
TRAVEL
(mm)
-2.50
-2.00
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
-24.77
-19.80
-14.84
-9.89
-4.94
0.00
4.94
9.86
14.79
19.70
24.61
-27.03
-21.61
-16.19
-10.79
-5.39
0.00
5.38
10.76
16.12
21.48
26.83
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
7.16
5.70
4.26
2.84
1.42
0.00
-1.42
-2.84
-4.26
-5.70
-7.16
74.89
74.84
74.81
74.78
74.76
74.76
74.76
74.78
74.81
74.84
74.89
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.01
-0.72
-0.57
-0.43
-0.29
-0.14
0.00
0.14
0.28
0.42
0.56
0.70
********************************************************************************
****
02/07/15
20:55:26
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
********************************************************************************
****
FRONT SUSPENSION
ROLL
LHS WHEEL (-ve Y)
TYPE 1 Double Wishbone, damper to lower wishbone
INCREMENTAL GEOMETRY VALUES
ROLL
ANGLE
(deg)
CAMBER
ANGLE
(deg)
TOE
ANGLE
(deg)
CASTOR
ANGLE
(deg)
KINGPIN
ANGLE
(deg)
DAMPER
RATIO
[-]
SPRING
RATIO
[-]
-2.50
-2.00
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
-4.1889
-3.9347
-3.6879
-3.4486
-3.2169
-2.9928
-2.7763
-2.5675
-2.3664
0.0224
0.0209
0.0179
0.0134
0.0074
0.0001
-0.0087
-0.0187
-0.0300
1.3887
1.5297
1.6705
1.8111
1.9515
2.0916
2.2315
2.3711
2.5104
6.7596
6.5055
6.2589
6.0200
5.7886
5.5650
5.3491
5.1409
4.9406
1.356
1.354
1.352
1.350
1.348
1.346
1.344
1.343
1.341
1.244
1.242
1.240
1.238
1.236
1.234
1.232
1.230
1.229
2.00
2.50
-2.1731
-1.9876
-0.0426
-0.0563
2.6494
2.7882
4.7483
4.5638
1.339
1.338
1.227
1.226
ROLL
ROLL CENTRE POSITION
HALF WHEELBASE
ANGLE
X
Y
Z
TRACK
CHANGE
(deg)
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
CHANGE
(mm)
(+ve Y to outer wheel: Z rl to Grnd) (mm)
DAMPER
TRAVEL
(mm)
SPRING
TRAVEL
(mm)
-2.50
-2.00
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
24.61
19.70
14.79
9.86
4.94
0.00
-4.94
-9.89
-14.84
-19.80
-24.77
26.83
21.48
16.12
10.76
5.38
0.00
-5.39
-10.79
-16.19
-21.61
-27.03
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
4092.50
7.16
5.70
4.26
2.84
1.42
0.00
-1.42
-2.84
-4.26
-5.70
-7.16
74.89
74.84
74.81
74.78
74.76
74.76
74.76
74.78
74.81
74.84
74.89
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.70
0.56
0.42
0.28
0.14
0.00
-0.14
-0.29
-0.43
-0.57
-0.72
********************************************************************************
****
02/07/15
20:55:26
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
********************************************************************************
****
REAR SUSPENSION
ROLL
RHS WHEEL (+ve Y)
TYPE 1 Double Wishbone, damper to lower wishbone
INCREMENTAL GEOMETRY VALUES
ROLL
ANGLE
(deg)
CAMBER
ANGLE
(deg)
TOE
ANGLE
(deg)
CASTOR
ANGLE
(deg)
KINGPIN
ANGLE
(deg)
DAMPER
RATIO
[-]
SPRING
RATIO
[-]
-2.50
-2.00
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
-1.1890
-1.3075
-1.4481
-1.6105
-1.7945
-2.0000
-2.2269
-2.4751
-2.7446
-3.0354
-3.3475
-0.0980
-0.0901
-0.0757
-0.0555
-0.0300
0.0000
0.0340
0.0715
0.1117
0.1541
0.1981
0.2632
0.2509
0.2410
0.2337
0.2288
0.2265
0.2267
0.2294
0.2347
0.2426
0.2531
4.3839
4.5024
4.6429
4.8051
4.9890
5.1944
5.4212
5.6692
5.9386
6.2292
6.5411
1.448
1.449
1.450
1.451
1.453
1.454
1.456
1.457
1.459
1.461
1.462
1.284
1.285
1.286
1.287
1.288
1.290
1.291
1.293
1.294
1.296
1.298
HALF WHEELBASE
DAMPER
SPRING
ANGLE
X
Y
Z
TRACK
(deg)
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
CHANGE
(+ve Y to outer wheel: Z rl to Grnd) (mm)
-2.50
-2.00
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
0.63
0.33
0.15
0.05
0.01
0.00
-0.01
-0.05
-0.15
-0.33
-0.63
99.88
99.65
99.46
99.33
99.25
99.23
99.25
99.33
99.46
99.65
99.88
0.01
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
-0.01
-0.01
CHANGE
(mm)
TRAVEL
(mm)
TRAVEL
(mm)
2.08
1.65
1.23
0.81
0.40
0.00
-0.39
-0.78
-1.16
-1.52
-1.88
-22.79
-18.23
-13.66
-9.11
-4.55
0.00
4.55
9.09
13.62
18.15
22.68
-25.70
-20.55
-15.41
-10.27
-5.13
0.00
5.13
10.25
15.36
20.47
25.57
********************************************************************************
****
02/07/15
20:55:26
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
********************************************************************************
****
REAR SUSPENSION
ROLL
LHS WHEEL (-ve Y)
TYPE 1 Double Wishbone, damper to lower wishbone
INCREMENTAL GEOMETRY VALUES
ROLL
ANGLE
(deg)
CAMBER
ANGLE
(deg)
TOE
ANGLE
(deg)
CASTOR
ANGLE
(deg)
KINGPIN
ANGLE
(deg)
DAMPER
RATIO
[-]
SPRING
RATIO
[-]
-2.50
-2.00
-1.50
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
-3.3475
-3.0354
-2.7446
-2.4751
-2.2269
-2.0000
-1.7945
-1.6105
-1.4481
-1.3075
-1.1890
0.1981
0.1541
0.1117
0.0715
0.0340
0.0000
-0.0300
-0.0555
-0.0757
-0.0901
-0.0980
0.2531
0.2426
0.2347
0.2294
0.2267
0.2265
0.2288
0.2337
0.2410
0.2509
0.2632
6.5411
6.2292
5.9386
5.6692
5.4212
5.1944
4.9890
4.8051
4.6429
4.5024
4.3839
1.462
1.461
1.459
1.457
1.456
1.454
1.453
1.451
1.450
1.449
1.448
1.298
1.296
1.294
1.293
1.291
1.290
1.288
1.287
1.286
1.285
1.284
ROLL
ROLL CENTRE POSITION
HALF WHEELBASE
ANGLE
X
Y
Z
TRACK
CHANGE
(deg)
(mm)
(mm)
(mm)
CHANGE
(mm)
(+ve Y to outer wheel: Z rl to Grnd) (mm)
DAMPER
TRAVEL
(mm)
SPRING
TRAVEL
(mm)
22.68
18.15
13.62
25.57
20.47
15.36
-2.50
-2.00
-1.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
0.63
0.33
0.15
99.88
99.65
99.46
-0.01
-0.01
0.00
-1.88
-1.52
-1.16
-1.00
-0.50
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
6332.50
0.05
0.01
0.00
-0.01
-0.05
-0.15
-0.33
-0.63
99.33
99.25
99.23
99.25
99.33
99.46
99.65
99.88
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.01
-0.78
-0.39
0.00
0.40
0.81
1.23
1.65
2.08
9.09
4.55
0.00
-4.55
-9.11
-13.66
-18.23
-22.79
10.25
5.13
0.00
-5.13
-10.27
-15.41
-20.55
-25.70
********************************************************************************
****
02/07/15
20:55:26
LOTUS SUSPENSION ANALYSIS v4.03
********************************************************************************
****
FRONT SUSPENSION
STEERING TRAVEL
TOE
ANGLE
RHS
(deg)
TOE
ANGLE
LHS
(deg)
CAMBER
ANGLE
RHS
(deg)
-30.00
-25.00
-20.00
-15.00
-10.00
-5.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
-16.36
-13.34
-10.47
-7.72
-5.07
-2.50
0.00
2.45
4.85
7.21
9.53
11.83
14.11
14.11
11.83
9.53
7.21
4.85
2.45
0.00
-2.50
-5.07
-7.72
-10.47
-13.34
-16.36
-2.29
-2.44
-2.58
-2.70
-2.80
-2.90
-2.99
-3.08
-3.16
-3.23
-3.30
-3.36
-3.43
CAMBER ACKERMANN
ANGLE
(%)
LHS
(deg)
-3.43
-3.36
-3.30
-3.23
-3.16
-3.08
-2.99
-2.90
-2.80
-2.70
-2.58
-2.44
-2.29
TURNING
CIRCLE
RADIUS
(mm)
83.62 8270.35
81.44 10067.98
79.79 12727.54
78.58 17114.70
77.73 25824.64
77.10 51830.58
831897761249.00
77.10 51830.58
77.73 25824.64
78.58 17114.70
79.79 12727.54
81.44 10067.98
83.62 8270.35