RESEARCH ASSIGNMENT - 2

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership and M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction
EDUC 5324
Name:___Mustafa Yazici_____

Date: ___7/11/15________________________

Cite the reviewed article in APA format:

Bulent Dogan & Kadir Almus (2014) School Administrators Use of iPads: Impact of
Training and Attitudes Toward School Use, Computers in the Schools: Interdisciplinary
Journal of Practice, Theory, and Applied Research, 31:3, 233-250, DOI:
10.1080/07380569.2014.932660

INTRODUCTION
Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what is
the theoretical background or overarching theme):
1.) What is the impact of the training process on school administrators use of
iPads for administrative tasks and personal organizational their
professional duties?
2.) What is the impact of the training process on school administrators beliefs
regarding how teachers should use iPads in classrooms?
3.) Are there any differences in school administrators survey responses
based on gender, age, years of experience in school administration and
education, highest degree attained, school classification, or school size?

Purpose of the research: The purpose of the research was done to collect more
information on how school administrators use iPads for their professional duties
and the potential effects on their work-related tasks and personal organization.

METHODOLOGY
What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the
issue? Provide information regarding the following:

Participants: Elementary and secondary school administrators working in

one of the largest public charter school systems in a southwestern state
were the target population for the study.

Procedures: Collectively, 51 subjects were selected through a purposive

sampling from the target population: A specific population was targeted
and only its members were included in the survey.
Data Collection Methods/Data Source: Two survey instruments were used
as a mechanism to collect data, which were administered online through
the survey submission system hosted at the universitys server.
Data Analysis: The survey responses were reported as frequencies. In
addition, paired sample t-test data analysis was conducted to understand
the differences in the responses between the pre- and post-surveys. A oneway Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was conducted to see whether there
were any differences in school administrators responses by gender, age,
years of experience in school administration and education, highest degree
attained, school classification, and school size. Statistical Package for the
Social Sciences (SPSS) software was used to conduct the data analysis.
RESULTS
Findings or Results (or main points of the article):

The data analysis of this study is categorized into five main groups:
analysis of demographic and contextual data; impacts of the training
process on school administrators use of iPad and iPad applications;
impacts of the training process on school administrators beliefs regarding
how teachers should use iPads in the classroom; differences in
participants responses by their demographic and contextual data (gender,
age, years of experience in school administration and education, highest
degree attained, school classification, and school size); and evaluation of
training process.
Demographic and Contextual Data:
A descriptive analysis of the demographic and contextual data for the presurvey participants was conducted. The average age of school
administrators who participated was 34.16 years. The average year of
experience in education was 8.45, and the average years of experience as a
school administrator was 2.04. The average school size of participants was
calculated as 618.50.
Impact of Training:
School administrators were asked whether they used specific Ipad
applications for work related purposes. A majority of the participants
(66.67%) responded affirmatively to this question. These participants were
further asked to name the specific applications that they used. According
to the results, Eduphoriaan iPad application used for Eduphoria Content

Management System (CMS) with modules designed for storing student

data, district curriculum, resources, lesson planners, and teacher
appraisalswas the most commonly used iPad application, as reported by
school administrators.
Impact of Training on School Administrators Beliefs Regarding How
Teachers Should Use iPads in the Classroom:
School administrators were asked to report their opinions regarding how
teachers should be using iPads in the classroom. Virtually all participants
in both the pre-survey (98.04%) and the post-survey (97.30%) stated that
they would like to see their teachers using iPads for teaching in the
classroom. When school administrators were asked whether they thought
that computers used in courses would be replaced by iPads in the future,
76.47% of the participants in pre-survey and 86.49% in post-survey
responded yes.
Differences in Participants Responses by Their Demographic and
Contextual Data: In order to understand the differences in participants
responses by gender, age, years of experience in school administration
and education, highest degree attained, school classification, and school
size, six one-way ANOVA tests and one t test were conducted for two items
of the pre-survey. One of these items measured the self-reported level of
iPad skills and knowledge and the other item measured participants beliefs
whether iPads are effective tools for the school administrators regarding
administrative tasks and personal organization.
Evaluation of Training Process:
Participants were asked in the post-survey which iPad applications they
found most useful among those highlighted in the training session and
posttraining resources. Google Drive storage and sharing files was the
most selected response (22.30%) to this question (see Appendix). Other
popular responses included syncing Google Calendar to your iPad
(16.55%), Dropbox for storage and sharing files (13.67%), and Go Tasks
with Google Tasks (10.07%). (See Appendix.) When school administrators
were asked in the post-survey which applications they actually used
among those highlighted in the training session and post-training
resources, Google Drive storage and sharing files was again the most
selected response (23.53%).
DISCUSSIONS
Conclusions/Implications (for your profession):

In conclusion iPads were used by school administrators for their

professional duties and the potential effects on their work-related tasks
and personal organization the most.
REFLECTIONS

Students Reflections (changes to your understanding; implications for your

school/work): Some changes to my understanding were that school iPads

are actually a really helpful tool for school administrators. It helps them
fulfil their professional duties and it makes the task easier. I think that
iPads should be used and that there should be a training session to learn
how to use it.