1

July 12, 2015

May thanks are due to Lawrence

Ciccarelli,Spiro Jabbour and Tarcisio
Rondinelli for their comments on a
draft of this book


.
1997 \ 11 \ 1

July 12, 2015

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- - :
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Schp s Theologie und
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July 12, 2015

- 2 .

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- 3 .
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- 5 .
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)(
.

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:
. 1986

July 12, 2015

*
.
*
:
The Electronic Bible Society CD-ROM, Volume 1, The Early Church Fathers and Other Works,
Dallas, Texas 1995.

Bar Ilan University - Responsa Project. Distributed by Torah Educational Software. Nanuet, NY
(1994).

* - .
:
) (1984

July 12, 2015

:

B. Altaner - A. Stuiber , Patrologie
Ante - Nicene Christian Library
Aspects du Judo- Christianisme
O.Bardenhewer,Geschichteder altkrichlichen
Literatur (1913-1932).
Bulletin of the John Rylands Library
Biblische Zeitschrift
Catholic Encyclopedia
Corpus Christianorum
Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum
Dictionnaire de Thologie Catholique
Epistula
Epiphanius
Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics(Hastings)
Eusebius
Die Griechischen Christlischen Schriftschteller
Historia Ecclesiastica
E.Hennecke(W.Schneemlcher) New Testament
Apocrypha(1963)
Harvard Theological Review
Hebrew Union Collage Annual
Journal of Biblical Literature
Journal of Jewish Studies
Jewish Quartely Review
Flavius Josephus
Journal of Theological Studies
A.F.J.Kligin - Reinink, Patristic Evidence for
Jewish Christian Sects (1973).
Liber Annuus
G.W.H.Lampe , A Patristic Greek Lexicon(1961)
C.T.Lewis and C. Short, A Latin Dictionary (1969)

Altaner
ANCL
Aspects
Bardenhewer
BJRL
BZ
Cath.Ency.
CC
CSEL
DTC
Ep
Epiph.
ERE
Eus.
GCS
HE
H-S
HTR
HUCA
JBL
JJS
JQR
Jos.
JTS
KR

LA
Lampe
Lewis and
Short
H. G. Liddel, R. Scott, H. S. Jones, Greek-English Liddel-Scott
Lexicon (1968)
E. B. Nicholson, The Gospel according to the Nicholson
Hebrews (1879)
Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
ODCC

July 12, 2015

Panarion
J. P. Migne (ed.), Patrologia Graeca
J. P. Migne (ed.), Patrologia Latina
Patrologia Orientalis
J. Quasten, Patrology (1950 - 1960)
Reallexikon fr Antike und Christentum
Rvue Biblique
Rvue des tudes Juives
Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart
Recherches de Scince Religieuse
Theological Dictionary of the New Testament
Theologische Zeitschrift
Theologische Literaturzeitung
Texte ubd Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der
altchristlichen Literatur
Vigiliae Christianae
Zeitschrift fr die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
Zeitschrift fr die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft
und die Kunde des Urchristentums

pan.
PG
PL
PO
Quasten
RAC
RB
REJ
RGG
RSR
ThDNT
ThZ
TLZ
TU
VC
ZATW
ZNTW

July 12, 2015

.
.


.
:

.


. )(


.

.





.
.

.
) Nazoraioi( .
.
Salamis
.

July 12, 2015

Symmachians .Elkesaites
.

July 12, 2015

) .(1
)
26:11 28:26 .(16:4
.5:24
) (2
. ) (3
) : (1)(1 23:2 71:26 37:18 5:18 19:19
22:2 6:3 10:4 8:22 .9:26

)(2

)(2

.Weiss,TU 9 (1893), ad loc

)adv. Marc 8:11 (3)(3 : Onomas .

2 6 3-1 29 ) 5:24 (
.de situ 143


) PG 959:10- 962 R-G Coquin, PO xxxi 2(1966) ; H. Achelis, TU
.(6(1961); Transel in ANCL 9,137,141; Heft4
.

10

July 12, 2015

.
/ /
.
23:2

. 23:2
]
:[ .
.
) (4

.
.

) .(5
. (6)R. H. Gundry
.
:
.

) (4)(4
23-22 :1 : 6-5 :2 5:2 .18-17 :2

) (5)(5 P. Winter, NTS 3(1956/57), 138n. 2; H. Schaeder, ThDNT 4(1942), 874 - :

879; Kirche (1964), 90 - 93;. Schweizer in Judentun Urchristenum; E. Zuckschwerdt, Th Z 31(1975), 6577

11

July 12, 2015

:I )7 5 :13 (17:16 .
:II
.
) (7
.
:
) .(34:7


. .

.
)(8
.
23:2
) (9 1:11

).The Use of the Old Testament in St. Matthews Gospel (Leiden, 1967), 97 - 104 (6)(6

) (7)(7 .

12

July 12, 2015

- -

.

.(10)Iessaioi
- - .


) .(11
) (12


) (8)(8 ) (ERE vii; 380
.

)(9

) (9 .29 comn in Is. (on. 11,1 = PL 24, 144). illud

quod in Evangeilio Matthaeo omnes quaerunt Ecclesiastici, et non inveniunt ubi scriptum sit,
Quoniam Nazaraeus vocabitur (Matth. II, 23), eruditi Hebraeorum de hoc loco assumptum
:putant

) (23:2

.
.
)
(
.

13

July 12, 2015

.


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.
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.51-1 :11
] [ .
[ )( .
][ )( ]

.
) (10)(10 Nilus ) Ancyra
430( )3 , de monastica (PG 79, 721
exercitatione Hilgenfeld, Ketzergeschichte, 99 ; :
. Judentum u. Judenchristentum; (1886), 27 - 28

):4:1 (11)(11

10:4

) (12)(12 3 .

.

14

July 12, 2015

. :23 22 :13
:

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1:11
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5:24
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51:1 )( 110 :2:11 4:3 8:99
2:7 :4:11 5:6 1 :10:6
:10:11 9:98 10
.21

15

July 12, 2015

:
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)(
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) (14)(14 12:15
10:11 . 5:5 16:22
.
18-16 :11 .

) (15)(15 ::

Dialogue 86; 87 (PG6, 681 B; 681D - 683A); First Apology 32

).(PG6, 379); Orac Sib. I, 383; VI 16 (H - SII, 712; 719

) (16)(16 .22:24 : 2:9 25 :18

26 23 9 :19 4:22 17:16 .21 15 2 :2

14:7 .6 - 4 :14:
). E. Repo, Der Weg als Selbstverzeichnunng des Urchristentums (Helsinki, 1964

16

July 12, 2015

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(1998) 26 - 27 .60

JTS 9

17

July 12, 2015

376 .
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. Papias Hegesippus
Ariston of Pella
...
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)Didache (X11K4 );Phila 6,1; Magn. 4; 10
.(Trall. 6; Rom. 3; Polyc. 7
) (26:11 .
.Martyrdom of Polycarp 10 : Ep.
)to Diognetus ( First Apology 3 :
) 4
. . .
The Apostolic Fathers II 1 (New York, 1973,).
(((1889)) 415 - 419 . . R. A.
Lipsius ber den Ursprung u. den ).ltesten Gebrauch des Christennames (1873

18

July 12, 2015

) (

.

24 .
. .linguistic
.
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70/135
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HE 8:22

. IV

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19

July 12, 2015

.
Nazerini Pliny

. Historia Naturali
) (22:
)(23
Nunc interiora dicantur. Coele habet Apameam Marysa amne divisam a Nazeriorum
:(24)tetrarchia, Bambycen quae alio nomino Hierapolis vocatr, Syris vero Mabog
77 .
Nazeriorum Nazareni
) ( ) ( .
.
) (22)(22 .

) (23)(23 Mayhoff :

Nazeruiorumr, Nazerivorum Ra

) (24)(24 .
)( ) Nosairis(
)(
...

20

July 12, 2015

.
)( )(
)(25
Sozomen
) ( .
. ).(26
)
(.
Nazerini Nusairi Nazoraioi / Nazareni Nasaraioi
Nazorei .
)
. .
(27 ) (15:7
) .(28
- -
) (25)(25 =) 11 - 10 :2 16 .(753

)Sozomen HE. VII 15 (26)(26 ) (:

: 61 60 (1970 ) A.H.M. Jones, The Cities of the Eastern :
) Roman Provinces (1971 .226

) .(Martin, index, s.v
)(
.
) / ) .(Jones / Seyrig op. cit 261
) .(xxi V (89 ) ref. omn.
( ,haer. IX 13 , 1 ) (haer. frab. II 7 Alcibides
.
J. Martin, Atlas zur Kirchengschichte

21

July 12, 2015

Nasairis
Nazerini .(29)Nazarens
. ) (30
) (Chron Syr. 132:I 891 Nusairi
) ( .
Nazerini
.

) .Histoire et regilion des Nosaires (1900), 17. n. 3 (27)(27 .
R. Basset . ERE ; (1917), s.v. Nusairis

)).PG 67 1457 (28)(28 390(.

) (29)(29 . H. Lammen Les Nosairis in

tuedes religieuses (1899) 6 1
.

)(30

)(30

op. cit., 12

22

July 12, 2015

) 12.() .(31 ) (32

20 - 30. .
Nazerini Nazareni (33)Nazoraioi..
Nazerini Nusairi
.

)(31

B. W. Bacon, Studies in Matthew (1930), 163; Jones, op. cit (as revised by H.
)(31
Seyrig), 260ff, and esp. 503 - 508

)(32

)(32

op. cit., 261

) (33)(33 .

23

July 12, 2015

.
.
.
:
- I

.
- II
.
.
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24

July 12, 2015

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...
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). (PG 6 , 577) 47 (3)(3

). (4)(4

25

July 12, 2015

. ).(6


.
.

.
:

Celsus .

.
) .(7
) :(8)(61
). (PG 6 , 580 - 581) 48 .5 (5)(5

). 47 (6)(6

) (7)(7. C. Cels. II. 1; 3; 4 :

). PG 11 , 1277 (8)(8

26

July 12, 2015

- .

....



) .(9
)

) (9)(9 65:5 )
.(
) .(in. Is. 9.1
61:5 .
) amfoteroz(
-
) .(Liddell - Scott, s.v., II : )17(GCS, 35, 115
hom. in huc .

) (10)(10 .
.(1679

Annotationes in Mattheum

) H. Grotius

27

July 12, 2015

.
.

:



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.


.(12)...
3-2 :6
.
] [ Rufinus
] Hebraeus magister : [ .


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.

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). de Princ. IV 1,26 (12)(12

28

July 12, 2015

.

. )
(
) .(15
) (16 2:6

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.60 (1972) 241 - 255 .

RSR

) (14)(14 Parallela Repufucaldina 75. Tit .

P. Koetsche GCS 22 52 .

)(15

)(15

)(16

)(16

)In Is. 111 (on 6:2) (PL. 24, 94f

)EP. 84 (ad. Pammachium et Oceanum) 3 (PL 22, 745

;)Ep. 61 (ad Vigilantium) 2(PL 22, 603

29

July 12, 2015

) .(17 .

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.
.
)( ) dicebat ( ) (I 3 4
) tradebat (
) ( .
)
( .

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) (18 ):(19
.


.
) (17)(17
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de Principiis
.
.

30

July 12, 2015

.
.
.
.

.
) (2:26
.
.
) .(20
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)(18

)(18

HE III 27 , 2

)(19

)(19

HE III , 27 , 3 - 6

) (20)(20 ) (Apost. Fathers, 2, pp. 377 - 388

.

) (21)(21 .(HE, VI 22)

31

July 12, 2015

) :(22

.


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( :

) :(23)
( .

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-

).(24

. .
III 26 .Menander
II 13 14 .Simon Magos
II 15-1 III 237

)(22

)(22

ref. omn haer. VII 34 , 1 - 2 (PG 16, 3342); X 22,1

) ibid. VII. 33 , 1 (23)(23 32 ).(PG 16, 3338

32

July 12, 2015

:
:
.
:
.
IV 7 4 9
.
) .(25

.

) (24)(24 . (GCS 26 , 218-222): ..

W.W.Harvey ) Sancti Irenaei ( 1857
. ) (adv.haer. I 26 , 2= I 22,p. 212
Qui autem dicuntur Ebionaei, consentiunt quidem mundum a Deo :
factum: ea autem quae sunt erga Dominum, non similiter ut Cerinthus et Carpocrates
:opinantur .

. ) non(
.

. adv. haer. I 23 - 26

).Simon, II 13, 5; Cerinthus, III 28 , 6 ; Nicolaitans III 29 (25)(25

33

July 12, 2015

.
.
) (26 ) (27
.
.
) (28
.tentacled
) de. Princ IV 3 , 8; C. Cels. II , 1 (26)(26 :

Hom. in Gen. III 5 ; in Matth. XVI 12

) in ep. ad Rom III, 11 (PG 14, 957) (27)(27

) (28)(28 .de praes. haer. x 8; XXXIII 5; 11; de virg. vel. 6. 1; de carne Chr. 14; 18; 24 ::
)omn. haer. VII 35, 1; adv. omn. haer. (=Ps. Tert.) 7
( . )] (op. cit, 418, n.1 20[
Noedechen Juhrb. fr Protest. Theol. 14 (1888) 576
][ ][
.
Ps. Tert
.

ref.

34

July 12, 2015

. . .

) .(29
.
.

) (


. ...) :
.(
) (2:28 :
) (
)
( .
)30
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( .
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) (29)(29 ) Lowlor (op. cit., 98
) .(III 27 4

)(30

)(30

PG 6. 580

35

July 12, 2015

....
.
] :Deum et Verbum et Sapintum [ )
( ) antequan aliquid fieret (
) (33)( .
.
.
. III: 27 1-2
) (6-3
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) (31)(31
dem. ev. 5, 1; 6; 13; 7,1; de eccl. theol 3,3; 1,3 :
) (PG 24, 852 Lampe .

)(32

)(32

Transl. in K - R, 133; GCS 35, 285f

) (33)(33 :antequam terra fieret :23:8

)( /
.
.
.

36

July 12, 2015

) .(34
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.

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in Ep. ad. Tit., Loc. cit.; :
hom. in Jer. XIX 12; de Princ. IV 3, 8; hom. in Luc. XVII

37

July 12, 2015

.

.

.
-
-
.
.

- - .
. .

38

July 12, 2015

) (1 315 ) Eleutheropolis (
402 403 .
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335 .
367 )(
. 374
) (
. .

.

.
)(3
428
.anacephalaiosis ) (4
) (1)(1
. :
Altaner, 315 - 318f; Quasten, 384 - 396; Bardenhewer, III, 293 - 303; M. Geerhard, Clavis
. Patrum Graecorum, II (1974), 3744 - 3807

)(2

)(2

)Jerome, adv. Ruf. 2,22; 3,6 (PL 23,445f; 462

39

July 12, 2015

. 382
).(5
) .(6
.
:
.
.
29
)(3

)(3

,.Altaner, Loc. cit

Tu 83 (1967) 286 - 296

)(Mlanges J. de Chellinck., S.J., I(1951) = 265 - 275

)(4

)(4

K. Holl, Die handschriftliche berlieferung des Epiphanius, TU 36, 2(1910), 96 -

98

)(5

)(5

)Ep. ad. S. Hier (PG 43, 391 - 392); Jerome, Ep. 51,2 (PL 30, 305 - 306

) (6)(6 . .
) (1868 .
.
Zur Quellenkritik des Epiphanios, R. A. Lipsius

40

July 12, 2015

) (K) (17 . .
. .
) .(2
) .(3
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(P) (4) .

) 11:131 :(11:132
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.

41

July 12, 2015

(34) .
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(37) .

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.

(48) .
42

July 12, 2015

(49) .


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(53

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.

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.
43

July 12, 2015

.
.
) (61 Nasaraeans
(62) .
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44

July 12, 2015

:
(73) .
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(77) .
Beroea Coele Syria Decapolis Pella
Basanitis Kokabe (78) .

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Perea .
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45

July 12, 2015

(86) .

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46

July 12, 2015

.(76
).(7

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- 1 ).(72
- 2
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- 3 ).(73
- 4 ).(73
- 5 ).(73
- 6 )75 54 81 (.
- 7 )1954 5313 1914
1934 .(941
- 8 ).(3021
- 9 ).(4-51
- 10 .(78) 70
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- 12 .


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) (7)(7
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.

47

July 12, 2015

.
.
- 1 ) (8 :
) (
. ) (9
) (10
) ]j [ - : (1922
. ) (11
) (8)(8 Hippolystus, ref. omn. haer., prol. IX 4; IX 13 - 17 ; X 29, 1; :
) .Epiphanius, pan. 19; 53 ( .Eusebius HE VI 38 W. Brandt, Elchasai (1912); :
H. Waits, Das Buch des Elchasai, in Harnack-Ehrung (1921), 87 - 104; G. Strecker, Elkasai in RAC IV
(1959), C. 1171 - 1187; E. Rudolph, Die M nder, I (1960), 233 , n. 4; J. Irmscher in H-S II (1965), 745 -
750; K - R, 54 - 67; A. Harnack, History of Dogma I (1961), 304... 308; id., TLZ 37(1912), c. 683 - 685
(review of Brandt); H. J. Sch ps, Theologie, 325f; id., Elkesaiten in RGG II (1958), 435; G. Barillie,
. Elcesaites in DTC 4(1911), 2233 - 2239

) (9)(9 . Harnack, Brandt, Irmscher, & Strecker :

). Shps, Klijn, Bareille, & ODCC, s.v (10)(10

). Hippol. ref. omn. haer IX 13,4 (11)(11

48

July 12, 2015

.Trajan
220
. .

.
.


:
) (12 .
.
.


) .(13
) (
.
) (14
.

). Origen (Eus. He VI38) (12)(12

). Hippol., ref. omn. haer. IX 14, 1; X 29,2 (13)(13

49

July 12, 2015

(15)Brandt
.
. Ossaioi
) Nasaraioi( ) (16 .

) .(17

.
). Origen (Eus. He VI 38) (14)(14

). op. cit., 61 (15)(15

) Pan. 19. 1 , 1 p; 2,1 (16)(16

) ( . .3,2 30 ;9 , 2 30 ;4 ,5 19 :

sunaptw

). Pan. 30 1 , 3 - 4 (17)(17

50

July 12, 2015

.
- 2 :
.
. .
) (18
) .(19
)( )] [(
. ) (20

). K - R; Hilgenfeld, Ketzergeschichte, 445 (18)(18

) (19).(19:

F. X. Murphy, Cath. Enc. 5, 28; Bareille, DTC 4, 1988f; Strecker, RAC4

. 488; O. Cullmann, RGG. II, 297

).adv. haer I 26, 2; III 11, 7; 21, 1 ; IV 33, 4; V 1,3 (20)(20

51

July 12, 2015

. ) - () (21
] [ ] i[.
-
- ) .(22

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) .(23
)

] [
)
( .
(24 .
)(21

;Tert. de praes. X 8 ; XXXIII 3 - 5; 11; de virg. vel. 6 , 1; de carne chr. 14; 18; 24
)(21
)Hippol. ref. omn haer. VII 35, 1(&Ps. Tert. adv. omn. haer 3

) (22)(22 .
) :
I adv haer (219: I,:28
) .(Harvey .
.

.
) (23)(23 5:19

52

July 12, 2015

.
)(
.
. .


.
)25

(.
- 3 :
) 49
30-54 (266
)
( ) ): (( .
= Iessaioi .Nazoraioi
Therapeutai de vita Contemplativa
) 51 .(3

) (24)(24
.
) (
.

) (25)(25 28 30
: .

53

July 12, 2015

(
26
)
. 55
.
- -
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.
.
) ( .
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. . :II HE 16
:172
)(28 :7-5 17
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). HE II , 17 (27)(27

) (28)(28 Lake .Loeb

54

July 12, 2015

) :(1724
.

.
.

. 52 .
] (29)[
.
.
] [ Iessaioi .
.
Therapeutai
. ) (1712

)de vita cont. 25 ; 30 . (29)(29 . . ) F. H. Colson )( IX 519 (

Conybeare - Liddell - Scott
.

55

July 12, 2015

) (30 ) (3-52
.
] [
. ) (53

. ) II HE 17 16-17 (=de vita 34-35
.
.
II HE 21-22
) ] [( )
( .

.

.Iessaioi
.

)(
.
.

1:11
.
. . E. A. Abbot ) .(31
)(
: ) Nazoraeans
(Nasaraeans
) (30)(30. de vita cont 75 - 78 : ] [ 5:17
7:17
.

56

July 12, 2015

) .(32

.
.
.
.
) (12 )= (
.
:
) :( ) .(
:

:

.
.
de vita
.

)(31

)(31

The Beginning (=Vol. II) in The Fourfold Gospel (Cambridge, 1914), Appendix I

). (309 - 350

). ibid., 318 (32)(32

57

July 12, 2015

(33)praeparatio evangelica .Essaioi

) (
) ( .
) .(34)(de vita I 1 )
(
) .(35
).VIII 11 & 12 (GCS 43, 455 - 461) (33)(33

) (34)(34 ] [
) 75 (C. Bugge, ZNTTW 14 (1913), 174.C :
.
.I de vita 1

q.o.p.l

) (35)(35 : ] Jessaioi [
Essaios .Hilgenfeld, Ketzergeschichte, 427, n. 727; :
Wirthmller, Der Nazor . er, 12; Schp , Theologie, 10
) 138 99 (Judentum u. Judenchristentum (1886) 27 - 28
) Nilus 430 (de monastica exercitatione 3 ) Iessaioi(
) Essaioi ( .
. . )
(48 ) (5:29
] [ I .
.

58

July 12, 2015

:
- 1
.
. .
- 2 )( ) .(36

)( .
paraep. ev .
.
- 3 ) .(37
Esshnoi
) .Essaioi (38

- 4 Essaioi

) (36)(36 .

).Pan. 10; rescriptum ad Acacium et Paulum (PG 41, 169) (37)(37

59

July 12, 2015

.

Iessaioi
Essaioi=Therapeutai=Iessaioi .
Iessaioi

.
.
- 4 :
.
] [ .
.

.
) (39
. 404.
375 .382
.
) (38)(38 ] =i /[
19 1 30 .53 PG(41, 260) Petavius
.

60

July 12, 2015

. ) 16 (96
) .(40
Syntagma .
. -
- .

.

) (41 .
) (
).(42
).ep. 112; in Amos 1, 11 - 12 ; in Is. 5,19,49, 7; 52, 4 - 6 (39)(39

) (40)(40 51 .

) (41)(41 .

) (42)(42 ) (ep. 112, 13

. :
... ] Minaei[ ... ][...
.
- .

61

July 12, 2015

)
( ).(43

:
: .
.
:
. ) (
.
.
:Iessaioi .

.
:
.
:
.
. 297 .

) (43)(43

62

July 12, 2015

:297

.

.
).(44
( 1 .
. ) (45

.
) .(46
.

)(44
) (44 .

)(45
) in Is. 1:9 (45 .

)(46
)(46

: I adv. haer 2 :26 .III 11 7 .XIX hom. in Jer :12 : .c. Cels 66: V
9 - 8 16 30 4 1 8 .7 18
3 5 .28 .div. haer. liber 36
Epiph. pan 19 3 6 .1 5

63

July 12, 2015

.
( 2 73 .


: ) 2432 :2 15:3
(10:4 )(24:4 ) ( )
1326 :3 .(2730 :4
.
.
.
( 3 . - -
. ...
.
) .(47
) 15 :21
(26-20
.
. .
.
.
.. .
)(47
)(47

anaceph. 29; Jerome, ep. 112 , 13; in Hiez. 16 , 16 ; in hier. 3 , 14 - 16 ; Augustine, de

. bapt. VII 1 , 1 ; c. Faust XIX 4; de haer 9

64

July 12, 2015

.
:Nasaraioi

. ) (48
) Galatides(
) Basanites( .
.

.
.
.

.
) ( ) .(49
) .(50
)(48
). pan. 18 ; 20 , 3 ; 29 , 6 , 1 ; 19 , 5 (48

)(49
)(49

Schps, Theologie, 14 ff ; A. Schmidtke, TU 37 (1911) , 199 ff; W. Bousset , Theol.

Rundschau 14 (1911) , 373 - 385; H. Scgder in Theol. Dict. of the NT 4(1942) , 879 ; B. G
. rtner , Horae Soederblomianae 4(1957), 20

)(50
). Bugge , art. cit., 174 (50
65

July 12, 2015

) .(51
) .(52

).(53
:
i
.(54) i

)(51
). P. Winter , NTS 3(1956 / 7) , 137 (51

)(52
). C. Guignebert, Jnsus (London, 1935), 79 - 89 (52

)(53
)(53

H. Gressmann , Zeitschrift f. Kirchengeschichte 41 (1922), 166f; ZATW 43 (1925) , 24 -

. 25

)(54
)(54

Hilgenfeld, Ketzergeschichte, 426; Brandt, op. cit., 116 ; Bacon, Studies in Matthew
(London, 1930), 163; M. Black, BJRL 41 (1958 / 9), 299 ; M. Simon, St. Stephen and the
Hellenists in the Primitive Church (London, 1958), 93f; E. Meyer, Ursprung u. Anf nge des

66

July 12, 2015

Nazerini) .(55 .
Nasaroioi .
. Nazerini
.
.
Nazarenes Nasarioi
. .
i Nazorei
) (
Nazaraei Nazareni -
- .(56)Nazorei ) Holl (215 25 GCS
)( )( .
.
. .

. Christentums II (1921) , 409

)(55
) ; Brandt , Loc. cit ; Bacon , Loc. cit (55 .

).(56
) (56.Jerome, de vir ill. 3 (Hilberg, CSEL 55 , 381 , 1 , 26; Holl. GCS 25 , 321) :

67

July 12, 2015

. .(57)Gressmann

)( . .
.
.
.
. . M. Black .
) (58
Nazorei ) Nazirites
(
)59
. ) Natzoraeans( 37
( .
.
Pentateuch
. Black
).(57
). ZATW 43 (1925) 24 - 28 (57

)(58
). BJRL 41 (1958 / 9) , 298 - 303 (58

)(59
)(59
. R. Macuch Alter und
Heimat des Mand ismus nach meuerschlossenen Quellen, TLZ 82 (1957) , 401 - 408

68

July 12, 2015

. .



.
Nazarenes .
).(60

).(60
) (60. pan. 53 1: 3; Brandt, Elchasai,116 :

69

July 12, 2015

) .(1


. .

.
:

) (2 372 .
.
375 Chalcis ad Belum Beroea 27 .

)(1
) (1 :

G. Grtzmacher, Hieronymus: Eine biographische

Studie (Berlin, 1901, 1906, 1908) 3 vols; F. Cavallera, Saint Jrome: sa vie et som oeuvre
). (Louvain, 1922) 2vols; J. N. D. Kelly, Jerome (London, 1975

)(2
) (2 345 - 341 .347
) Kelly (339 - 337 331
) .(Epitoma Chronicon, PL15, 576 , 592
.

70

July 12, 2015

) (3)Cuidam fratri,qui ex hebraeis crediderat

( .
.
).(4
) (5
.377 380
.

)(6
374 378
)(3
).ep. 125 , 12 (PL 22, 1079) (3

)(4
) (4 . : .95
372 .380

)(5
) (5 57 48 .
.

)(6
)J. D. Mansi, Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio (1901), vol. 3, 419, 486 (6
.A. Fortesque, Apollinarism in ERE 1(1908) :

71

July 12, 2015

.
) :(7
.
382 ) .(8 385

. /
386 .
) .(9
.
:

.
.
.

. de viris illustribus 3 : ] [
.
)(7
). ep. 84, 3(PL 22, 745) (7

)(8
). ep. 127 7(PL 22, 1091) (8

)(9
) Kelly, 134f, and J. Wilkinson, Lapport de saint Jrme (9
. (1974), 245 - 257

la topographie, RB 81

72

July 12, 2015

) .(10 .

380 - 372
) 377 - 375 ( .
.

.
)

.(11

.
) .(12 .
)(10
)(10

PL 23,613

)(11

) ;ep. 36 ad Damascum (PL 22, 452) (11 :

E. F. Sutcliffe, St. Jeromes Hebrew

Manuscript, Biblica 29 (1948), 195 - 204

)(12
.
Chalcis ) .(ep. 125,12A. Schmidtke, Neue :
. Fragmente und Untersuchungen zu den judenchristlichen Evangelien (TU 37 - 1911), 248

)(12

73

July 12, 2015

.
Chalcis
.
.
.

).(13
Schmidtke

. ) (14
.
) .(15

.
)(13
) (13
) 385 382 4 - 393
( . : .207 - 197
.

)(14

) . op. cit., 63 - 94 (14 :

id., ZNTW35 (1936) , 24 - 44

)(15
)(15

G. Bardy, St. Jrme et l vangile selon les Hbreux, Mlange de Science Religieuse 3(1946), 29 - 30
,; P. Vielhaucer in H-S I, 134f; M. Lagrange . vangile selon les Hbreux, RB 31 (1922), 321 - 349

74

July 12, 2015

) .(16
.

- ).(17


.

.
:

)(16

)) de vir. ill. 104; ep. 84,3 (16 398(.

)(17
) (17 :

.in Eph. , comn. in Matth, comn. in Is

75

July 12, 2015

) .(18 (19)Veilhauer
:
- 1
.
- 2
.
- 3 .
:

.Chalcis
) (
. ) (4:5 386/7
.
) ( . 386

) .(20
)

) .((21 390
.
) .(22

)(18
). de vir. ill. 2,3; in Mic. 7,6; in Matth. 12,13 (18

)(19
). Jewish Christian Gosples in H-S I, 126 - 136 (19

76

July 12, 2015

.
) (nuper 391 .(23)392

. 392
) .(24 405 .406

.
).(25
.

) .(26
.
)(20
). Kelly, 135 (20

)(21
) . Vielhauer, art. cit. 132 (21
.
) (
.

.

)(22
) (22.Praef. in lib. Sam. et Malachim (PL 28, 547 - 558, 555 - 557); Kelly, 161 :

77

July 12, 2015

.
) .(27



) .(28 .
.

)(23
). in Micha 7,57 (CC 76, 513), Is., prol. 65(CC 73A, 741) (23

)(24
). de vir. ill 135(PL 23,718) (24

)(25
) (25 TU 255 37
.

)(26
)(26

-
-) . . ) Hiernymus, O. Zckler- 473 (1865
.(476 ) (Grtzmacher, Jerome ERE 7(1914), 497 - 500
.
. . F. J. de Sigenza . .
) ,B. W. Bacon Studies in Matthew.479 - 478 162 (1930

78

July 12, 2015

398 ) (nuper ).(29

.
) ( ) (30
) .(31
.

.
415 ) (nuper .

)(27
). Kelly, 65, 302, 334 (27

)(28
). Bacon, loc. cit., n. 24 (28

)(29
). in Matth. 12,13 (29

)(30
) (30. adv. Pelag. III 2 :

79

July 12, 2015

.
:

.

- - .

. .
.
(32)404 :

.
.

)(31
)(31
. . E. B. Nicholson ,The Gospel According to the Hebrews
) 104 77 - 28 (1879
. in Matth 6 11 K-R 48
.

)(32
). ep. 112 , 13 (32

80

July 12, 2015

)33

. 21-17 :29
(
. (34)9-6 :31 :
.

3-1 :11 .
) (
)19:1 :(9:2

: ).(35
) (36
) ( ) (37 :398
!
.
)(33
). CC 73 , 380 (33

)(34
). CC 73, 404 (34

)(35
). CC 73, 147f (35

81

July 12, 2015

.
.
58-53 :13 .
.
)(38
. ) Un :(54:13

]:?de huic supientia haec virutes [ stultitia
]: Nazarenorum [ .
: .
.
.
.
)(36
)(36

;A. F. J. Klijn RSR (1972), 242, n. 12 :. K - R 47 : . . K. A.

:Crender ber Ess er und Ebioniten und einen theilweisen Zusammenhang derselben, in Winers
. Zeitschrift fr Wissenschaft Theol I, 3 (1829), 228, n. 72Schmidtke, TU 37, 119 :

)(37
). 13 53 - 54 (37

)(38
) (38 24:4 57:13
) .(16:4

82

July 12, 2015

) (39
) (40)(9:30
)( . .
.

.


. .
.
) (41
)(42 ) .(43

)(39
). .TU 37, 252 f (39

)(40
). GCS 25, 34 (40

)(41
) (41

. ep. 112 , 13; in Amos 1. 11 - 12; in Is. 5. 18 - 19; 49. 7; 52. 4 - 6; in Hiez. 16. 13 : .

83

July 12, 2015

(44)Beroea
).(45
:

. 398
)(42

)in Is. 8. 11 - 15; in Hiez. 16.16; in Jer. 3. 14 - 16 (42 ep. 112, 13

) (TU 37, 247 ff .


. .

)(43
)(43

de vir. ill. 3 ; in Matth. 12. 13; in Is. 11. 1 - 3; 40. 9 - 11; prol. 65; adv. Pelag. III 2; in

. Hiez. 18. 5 - 9 .

)(44
). de vir. ill. 3 (44

)(45
). PL 22, 924 (45

84

July 12, 2015

) :(46
.
.

.

) (47 .
) 25(
) .(ante annos plurimos


.
) (48 / :
- 1

)(46
). in Matth. 27. 9 - 10 (46

)(47
) (47 ) ) (342 (15 ) (Dial. 72
-
- .

)(48
).comn. in Matth. 117 (PG 13, 1769) (48

85

July 12, 2015

- 2 )
(scripturm .
) .(49

) in libris suis, qui vel in ecclesiis leguntur, vel apud Judaeos
.(referuntur
)(50
.

.
.
. . :(51)J.M. Lagrange
) Schmidtke, qui prtend si bien connitre la psychologie de
.(Jrme, la bien mal putre
.
:27
aliqum secretam jeremiae

)(49
)(49

ibid

)(50
)(50

.TU 37, 253 f

)(51
)(51

art. cit., 342

86

July 12, 2015

.
10-9
.

. ) (52


).(53
. ) (54
) Secretam Jeremiae scriptum (
] [
.Hiermiae apocryphum :
... ... .
)(52
). p. 343(52

)(53
) (53

) 9:27
(

.

)(54
) (54 .

87

July 12, 2015

- - .
.
.
Nazarenae sectae Hebraeus
.
:

.
) .(55

:
14:8

.

.
.
]
[ .
).(56
)(55

.Schmidtke, op. cit., 108 - :

123; F. C. Burkitt, Christian Beginnings (London, 1924), 72 - 75; L. Ginzberg, Die Haggada bei den
Kirchenv tern. VI. Der Kommentar des Hiernoymus zu Jesaja in Studies in Memory of George A. Kohut
(New York, 1935), 290f; Schps, Theologie, 214 - 218; A. F. J. Kelijn, Jeroms Quotations from a Nazoraean
.Interpretation of Isaiah, RSR 60 (1972), 241 - 255 .

)(55

88

July 12, 2015

.
) .(57

) .(ep.112,13


.

. ..
F.C. Burkitt ) (58
.
.
.
.
) (59 Iosue )
( .
)(56
). CC 73A, 116 (PL 24, 119) (56

)(57
) (57. in Hiez. 16. 16; in Jer. 3. 14 - 16 :

)(58
). op. cit., 73 (58

89

July 12, 2015

) (Jamnia (60)70 .
) .(135-132 .
.
) .(61
) (
) (Aquilla .
) (62
) (Ioseph Galilaeus
)(59
) (59 .

)(60
) (60,J. Neusner, A Life of Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkia (Leiden 1970); G. Alon :
)) .219 - 252 ,(Tel. Aviv, 1957
. (id., Jews, Judaism and the Classical World (Jerusalem, 1977), 269 - 313 :

)(61
). op. cit., 123 (61

)(62
) (62 ) ad captivitaten Hierusalem (
- 135 70 art cit., 291.

90

July 12, 2015

.

.

. .

.

. ) 34:5 (3:22

. 14:8
. .
) (
) .(63

)(63
) (63..Justin, First Apology, 31; Eus., Chronicon 283 (GCS 77, 201) :
A. Rubinstein, JJS , :
.(1955), 26 - 34; S. Zeitlin, JQR 45 (1954), 11 J. L. Teicher, JJS :
4(1953), 134; G. Vermes, Les Manuscrits du Desert de Juda (1953), 201, n. 4; E. Testa,
.Euntes Docete 10(1957), 281 - 284

91

July 12, 2015

) (64.
) (65 .
.
.

.
) .(66
) (
.
) (67 .

.
)(64
) (64 de mens et pond 14 .
)59 . (2 .71 11:1 . -
- .

.

)(65
) (65 A. Oppenheiner, Meir in Encyclopedia Judaica 11(1971) : .

)(66
) (66 Recognitions 67 - 65 I (PG 1, 1242ff) -
) ( . )17 (H - S I, 470
Acta Pilati ).(H - S. I, 508 - 510

92

July 12, 2015

.

.

.
) ( .
]
[ )(
)() (68) . :
( .
)( )( . ) = (
) = (
) = (.
. . (69)G.F.Moore
.
)(67
)T. Brach. 28 b (67 .

)(68
) (68
.
. l r . .Rokeah
.

.

93

July 12, 2015

. ) (70
) 35( )( =
)71

)(
( .
) (et usque ad Captivatatem Hierusalem Iosue :
.
.
10:8 )
( inite consilium, et dissipabitur :
.ad Locum dissipare )
(.. ) (72
)(69
). Judaism,III,56 (69

)(70
)(70

.art. cit., 290

)(71
)(71 .

)(72
) (72 : 33:8 42:14 49:8 . 61:4

94

July 12, 2015

: )( = .

.


.
. ) sanctificate :( ) (13
) sanctificationem ( ) (14 )( )(
. ) profanus ( )
( ) .(73 )(74


.
.
] qui factus sit eis in ruinamet scandalum [
)(75
. in petram scandali in

ruinam .

.
)(73
) (73 : 26:22 15:48 ) 10:10 :
(.

)(74
) (74 .
ep. 30 ) .(PL 22, 441 - 445
)( .

.

95

July 12, 2015

14:8 .
.

. . .
. Yavne
.
.138
. .
) .(76
] [ . .
. .
.
.

.
.
:
)(75
) (75 241
.

,.art. cit

)(76
) (76 14.

96

July 12, 2015

.

.

.
.
21 - 20: 8
:


: .
.
.
.
.

.
).(77

.
.


.
] traditiones et deuterwseiz [
.

)(77
). CC 73, 121 (PL 24, 123f) (77

97

July 12, 2015

) .(78

.
):(79
...
.
.
) .(47-29 :5
. Klijin

) .(80
.
.
.
4-1 :9

)(78
) (78 .

)(79
) (79 47 - 54 40:5 : 11 - 10 :17 :9 - 5 :7
.

)(80
)(80

art. cit., 244f

98

July 12, 2015

:

.

. .

).(81

.
:
- 1 .
- 2 .
)(82
.

.
.
) .(83 .
.

. .
)(81
). CC 73, 123 f (PL 24, 125) (81

)(82
)(82
: .9 - 2 :2 J. Munck, Primitive Jewish Christianity and :
Later Jewish Christianity: Continuation or Rupture in Aspects au Jedo - Christianisme
. (Strasbourg, 1964), 79 - 81, 81

99

July 12, 2015

) (84

.
.
.(85)16-15 :4

.


.
21-20 :29

) (
). (86
20 21
)] daemones[ ( .
.
)(83
) (83 :. TU 110 37

)(84
). art. cit., 251 (84

)(85
) (85 245 .

100

July 12, 2015

) (87

) .(88
21-17 .
.

).( 89

.

)(86
). CC 73, 379f (PL 24, 336) (86

)(87
). ad loc. (PG 24, 301 - 304) (87

)(88

) PL 24, 21 (88 .156 154

).(89
) .Klijn, art cit., 247 (89


.

101

July 12, 2015

. ) (90
) ( .
][ .1213 :8
Vorlage

)) (91( . ):
( ) .(92
) (93
.
)(90
). TU 37, 113, n. 2 (90

)(91
) (91 30

.
. ) 2 22:34 2 (14:22
.

)(92
) (92 Brown, Driver, Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament :
.III 18:17 32:8
.

102

July 12, 2015

. .(94)
.
.
) Traditiones(
. 21-20 29
) .(95


.
- .



)(
)(93
)(93
W. Bacher, Die exegetische Terminologie der jdischen Traditions-literatur :
).(Leipzig, 1905), s.v. hn`m (Pt I, 122f

)(94
)(94

.Eus. dem. ev. 6:18 (PG 22, 261); comm. in Is. 1:22 (PG 24, 97); :
Epiph., pan. 13 (PG 41, 237); 15(ibid., 244); Jerome, ep. 121(PL 22, 1033); ep. 18 ad Damas., 20(PL 22,
374); in Is. 59;12ff (PL 24,581); in Ezek. 36: 1f. (PL 25:339); in Hos. 3,1 (PL 25, 842); in Matth 22: 23 (PL
)26: 163) Augustine, contra advers legis et proph. 9,1,1 (PL 42, 637); ibid., 2,2,6 (642
:deuterosinConst Apost. 6,22 (PG 1, 972) Anastasius Sinaita (PG 89, 105); .
)Olympiodrus, in Eccles. 12,12 (PG 93,625 Eus., prep. ev. 12.4 (PG 21, 956); :
).Jerome, ep. 121, 10 (PL 22, 1034); Const. Apost. 1,6,3 (PG 1,573); ibid., 2,5,6 (PG 1, 601
Eus., prep. ev. 11,5 (PG 21, 852); 12,1 (PG 21, 952); Epiph., ad Acacium et Paulum (PG 41, 172); :
pan. 15 (PG 41, 144); Jerome, in Is. 3.14 (PL, 67); in Habac 2.9ff (PL 25, 1297); ibid., 2.15f (PL 25, 1301); in Is.
).10.1ff (PL 24, 133); Procpius, in Is. 22,1 (PG 87, 2176); Jhon Damas., haer. 14 (PG 94, 685

103

July 12, 2015

.
)( ) qui praevalebat
(
.
qui praevalebat .
) praevaleo(
....praevalebat qui :
. .
.
qui praevalebat .

.
-
- .
)( ) : ( .
)(
)) (96(.


. ) (97
. )
( ) ! :( . defecerint
. )
)(95
) (95 )Juster (Les Juifs dans lEmpire Romnain (Paris, 1914), I , 375, n.3
) Ant. 13,10,6 (297
] [ ] [
][ . .

104

July 12, 2015

.(Prius illudebant . prius

)(
(98)200 . /
).(99
200
9-6 :31

:
.
.
)(96
) (96 . ][
.. Bacher, op. cit., Pt II, 241, s.v.ant :

)(97
) (97 . : 33
)
(279 . 63 .
.H. Strack, Intrudction to Talmud :
and Midrash (New York, 1978), 12 - 20; S. Liebermann, The Publication of the Mishnah,
.Hellenism in Jewish Palestine (1950), 83 - 99

)(98
) (98
.
.

105

July 12, 2015

.
.
.
).(100

.
. .
.

).(102
) (101
).(99
) (99 )
( ) 19:29 ( ]
[ .

).(100
). CC 73, 404 (PL 24, 357) (100

)(101
).op. cit., 117: Eph 2:2 4; Rom 16:2 (101

).(102
) (102 .16:9

106

July 12, 2015

. ) ) (non vestris viribus sed misericoria Dei
(

. 1:9.

. .

. ) Ecclesiae vectigales ( .
)103
) ( ecclesia
( . )(
)() (
.
Synogogae
) (104)vectigales ( . -
- .
.
) . (105 : .
:

).(103
) (103 ][ .
. : .14:5

)(104
) (104
.

107

July 12, 2015

.
.
- - .
.


. )
( .
- -
.
.
) . (106
.
.

)(105
) (105 ] [
:18:6 .

)(106
) (106 .
.

108

July 12, 2015

.

.
:

) (1 Brescia ) .(397
(2)diversarum haereseom liber ) 385 380
- (390 -
150 . .


)
() .(3

)(1
Philaster ." Bardy, DTC
12(1935), 1398f; J. Krans, Lexikon f. Theol. u. Kirche 4(1960), 124f; M. Pellegrino,
.Encyclopedia Cattolica 5 (1950), 1291f; Bradenhewer, III, 481 - 485

)(1

)(2
)(2

PL 12, 1111 - 1302

109

July 12, 2015

.

(4)Lightfoot .

. ) (5
. E. Miller 1851 ) Philosophumena
(
- . . . - (6) J.J.I. Dollinger .
) Philisophumena
( . ) (7
Syntagma ) Compendium( . 32
)(3
). ODCC Philaster, 1709 (3

)(4
). J. B. Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers I, 2, 413ff (4

)(5
). Eus. HE VI 22; Jerome, de vir. ill. 61(PL 23,671) (5

)(6
). Hippolytus und Kallistus (1853) (6

110

July 12, 2015

Dositheans Noetus Noetians

Libellus . ) (
) ( .
Philosophumena 32
. Philosophumena


). (8

) (9
) Praes. haer (
) ( .
Philosophumena
.

)(7
). Myriobilon sive Bibliotheca CXXI (PG 103, 401f) (7

)(8
). Hipp., Refutation of all Heresies I:1 (8

)(9
) (9 .Quellenkritik

111

July 12, 2015

.
) . (10 :
- 1 )(
.
- 2 .
.
: ) (
.
. )
12( .
.
)(10
) (10 Nasaraioi
) .Nazorei : Nazaraioi ) (PG 41, 257 Nazarei
( .
: -
- ) (
. )
( VIII . .

.
. .
. )
( )
( . .

28 . ) (
.

Ophites Cainites .Sethites .

112

July 12, 2015

). (11
) adversus omnes haereses (12
) . (13
21 )
( . 18
.
) . (14

.
)(11
). Photius, loc. cit.; Altaner, 164 (11

)(12
). PG 7:438-1224 (12

)(13
) (13 Syntagma ) .(Apol. 1 26: 8

)(14
). ODCC, s.v. Irenaeus (14

113

July 12, 2015

Syntagma
.
) . (15 . . R.M.Grant) (16 ) . (17


) . (18
)
Quatrodecimanism ) (HE 23:5
. (19 190
)(15
)(15

PG6; 1023 - 1168; Altaner, 75 - 77; Bradenhewer, I: 302 - 315; F. Loofs, Theophilus von

Antioch und die anderen theologischen Quellen bei Iren ). .eus (TU 46: 2: 1930

)(16
) Oxford Early Christian Texts (1970) (16 .

)(17
) (17 :

HTR 49(1947), 1 - 17, 227 - 256; JBL 66(1947), 173 -

.199; ATR 30(1948), 91 - 94; HTR 42(1949), 41 - 51; HTR 43(1950), 176 - 196

)(18
). HTR 43 (1950), 192f (18

114

July 12, 2015

) . (20
.

.
)
(
.

) ( .
:
) (21

.


.
)(19
). ibid., 195 (19

)(20
). PG 7: 1228 - 1232 (20

)(21
) (21 .J. Munck, Aspect, 77 - 91

115

July 12, 2015

.

.
.
:

) (398-313 .
:
.
. .
.

)
( .

.
.
) . (22
.

.

116

July 12, 2015

) (23) ( .

.
.
:

) Hippo (354 - 430

.

.

.


. (24)de baptismo contra Donatistas
:

.
. Contra Faustum
) (25
)(23
) (23 II in Joh :12 XV hom in Jer :4 .XV in Matth :14
)(24
).VII 1:1 (PL 43: 225; CSEL 15: 342) (24

)(25
) (25 . .
117

July 12, 2015

) . (26
)(27
405/406
et nunc sunt quidam haeretici qui se Nazarenos vocant
) ( ad huc usque
) persistunt ( )usque ad nostra tempora ( .
-
.
. (28)Symmachians

)
(
.
.

O. J - B. DuRoy .Catholic Encyclopedia 1(1967) 1049 - 1051

)(26
). XIX 17 (PL 24:359 ; CSEL 25: 516) (26

)(27
)(27

)52: 355

. contra Crescionum I: 31, 36 (PL 43: 465; CSEL

)(28
). c. Cresc., loc. cit; c. Faust. XIX: 4; 17 (28

118

July 12, 2015

. :
). (29

)(30
hi sunt, quos a Faustus Symmchianorum vel Nazaraeorum nomine commemoravit :
) ( .
. 383
Milevis
.
.
.
.


). (31
)(29
). div. haer. liber 63 (PL 12:1122; CS EL 63: 332) (29

)(30
). c. Faust. XIX: 17 (30

)(31
) (31 .
contra Crescionum
.

119

July 12, 2015

:
- 1 .
- 2 .
- 3 :
:
-
: .
- 4 .
)

(32 ) . (33


.
) ( .
.
)

. (34 .

)(32
)anaceph. 29: de bapt. VII 1, 1; c. Faust XIX 4; de haer. 9 - 1 (32
9: :3 - anaceph. 29
3a - pan.29 5:4; c.Cresc. I 31,36; c.Faust. XIX 4; 17
3b- pan. 29 7:5;c.Faust. XIX 4

de haer.

)(33
)(33

de haer., praef 6(PL 42: 23; CC 46: 288); Altaner, Augastinus und Epiphanius von

. Salamis, TU 83(1967), 286 - 296

120

July 12, 2015

. .
. ) (habent
) (35

.

.
)
( .
:
)

Praedestinatus
. (36 ) de haeresibus
(.
)(34
) (34
..
).(c. Faust. XIX: 4

)(35
). pan. 30. 16:1 (35

)(36
) .PL53: 587 - 672 (36 Sixtus ). (440 - 432

121

July 12, 2015

) 393 466 -(
(37)haereticorum fabularum compendim 453
: .
. .
.
:
.

:
47:23 1:2 29:2 . (38)7:3
Ecclesiastical History ) :(272 :3
( ) ( ) ,
: (39)

) ( .
. .
)(37
). II: 2 (PG 83, 389) (37

)(38
) (38
.

)(39
) .PG 20:274 (39 :
).(Cerinthus

Hippolytus, ref. omn. haer. VII 33:1 (Ebion) X 21:2

122

July 12, 2015

.

. .
1:2
: .
.
. .


) .(vi , HE :17 ) . (40

.
) :II haer fab () :2 ( .


.

.

)(40
) K - R (40 . .VII dem. evang :1 :
. )
( I adv haer. 2:26 III 11:7 .

123

July 12, 2015

) (
:
) (41) (.

. .
) (III HE :23 ) (X Comm in Math :17 . 200
] (42)docetic
[ .
)
.
. (43
:

)(41
)(41

pan. 29 9:1

)(42
) (42 ) (HE VI12. 2 - 6
. ) :4(10) :((loc ad.. , H - S
) ( :(19)5 !
.

)(43
) (43 ) TU 37: 119 (
.( PG 13 876 ) 54 :13
.
.

124

July 12, 2015

.
455 - 535) Eugippius Abbas Africanus(
thesaurus ex s. Augustini operibus
VI: 11 .(44)de baptismo
) Sevill (560 - 636
) etymologiarum libri xx (VIII 9:6 ) . (45)de haeresibus (x
.anacephalaiosis 29
)
) Honorius Augostodunensis (XXIV, de haeresibus libellus )(,de haer libell v
(46 . ) (de haer ,29 )
(47)(liber Scholirum .
)(44
). (PL 62: 888) 226 (44

)(45
). PL 82: 229; K - R, 260 (45

)(46
). PL 172: 236 (Honorius); K - R, 271(Paulus) (46

)(47
). K - R, 266 (47

125

July 12, 2015

) Redbertus (790-865 (48)expositio in Matheum 2:II ) Corbie
(Amiens ) . (49
) (50
evangelium Nazarenorum
) ( .
) . (51

Paschasius

)(48
). On Mt. 2: 23 = PL 120: 149 (48

)(49
)(49

E. Choisy, Paschase Radbert (1888); H. Peltier in DTC 13(1937); C. 1628 - 1639 (s.v.

). Radbert, Paschase); id., Paschase Radhert (1938

)(50
). in Is. 11: 1 - 3; de situ 143; comn. in Matth. I(on Mt. 2:23) (50

)(51
) (51
de vir. ill 3 : in Matth 13:12 25:23 10 - 9 :29
- 3 . .
.

in Is. 11: 1

126

July 12, 2015

). (52
.
)(
.
.

.
.
.

.

.
.
.
.
.

Philaster

Pseudo-Tertulian

Epiphanius
Hellenism:
Platonists
Pythagoreans
Stoics
Epicireans

)(52
) (52 ) (
. pan. 29: 5: 7 :
.
) Expoitio in Lamentationes (on 4:7, PL 120: 1214f
Nazarei Nazareni
.

127

July 12, 2015

Samaritans:
Gortheni
Sebusai
Dositheus
Judaism:
Scribes
Pharisees
Sadducees
Hemerobaptists
Ossenes
Nazarenes
(Nassaraioi)

Herodians
Simon Magus
Meneander
Saturninus
Basilides
Nicolaitians
Gnostici
Borborians

Dositheus

Dositheus

Pharisees
Pharisees

Pharisees
Pharisees

Herodians
Simon Magus
Meneander
Saturninus
Basilides
Nicolaitians

Nazarenes
(Nazaraei)
Essenes
Hellognosti
Frogworshippirs(Ranarum
cultores)
Musorites
Musca-aocaronites
Troglodytes
De Fortuna Caeli
Baalites
Astarites
Moloch-worshipers
De Ara Tophet
Puteorites
Worshipers of the Brazen
Serpent
Worshipers in
subterranean caves
Thammuz-mourners
Baalites(or Belites)
Baal-worshippers
de Pythonissa
Astar and Astarothworshippers
Herodians
Simon Magus
Meneander
Saturninus
Basilides
Nicolaitians

Judaites

Carpocrates

128

Ophites
Cainites
Sethites
Carpocrates

Carpocrates

July 12, 2015

Cernthus
Nazarenes
(Nazwraiou)
Ebionites
Valentinus
Secundus
Ptolemaeus
Marcosians
Colarbasus
Heracleon
Ophites
Cainites
Sethites
Archontici
Cerdon
Marcion
Apelles
Lucian
Severins
Tatian
Cataphrygians:
Montanists
Tascodrugites
Pepuzians
Quintilians
Artotyrites
Quartodecimans
Alogi
Adamians
Sampseans (Elksaeans).
Theodotus
Melchizedekites
Bardesanes
Noetians
Valesians
Cathari
Angelici
Apostolici
Sabelliaans
Origenaeans
Paul of Samoasata
Manichaeans
Hirakites
Meletians

129

Cernthus

Cernthus

Ebionites
Valentinus
Ptolemaeus
Secundus
Heracleon
Marcus
Colarbasus

Ebionites
Valentinus
Ptolemaeus
Secundus
Heracleon
Marcus
Colarbasus

Cerdon
Marcion
Lucian
Apelles

Cerdon
Marcion
Lucian
Apelles

Tatian
Cataphrygians

Tatian
Cataphrygians

Blastus
Theodotus
Melchizedekites
Praxeas

Theodotus
De Partis et Filii
substantia
Melchizedekites
Noetians
Sabellians
(Praxeans)
(Hermogeniana)
Seleucus
Hermias
Proclianites
(Hermeonites)
Florians
(Carpocratiane)
Quartodecimans
Chillonetites
Alogi

July 12, 2015

Arians

130

Manichaeans
Patricians
Symmachians
Paul of Samoasata
Photinus
Arians

July 12, 2015

.
.
.

. .

.


.


.
.


) . (1 :
.
)(1
)(1

E. B. Nicholson, The Gospel :

according to the Hebrews (1879); R. Handmann, TU 5, 3(1888), 66 - 103; M. R. James, The
Apocryphal New Testament (1903), 1 - 8; A. Schmidtke, TU 37, 1(1911); M. - J. Lagrange,
;)RB 31(1922), 161 - 181, 321 - 349; J. T. Dodd, The Gospel According to the Hebrews (1933
. Vielhauer, Jewish - Christian Gospels, in H - S I, 117 - 165

131

July 12, 2015

.
.

) .Papias (2
.
)
.(
) .(3
) (4 ) .(5


)(2
). Eus. HE III 39, 16 (2

)(3
).HE IV 22:8 (3

)(4
). stromateis II ix 45:5 (GCS, 137) (4

)(5
). comn. on John II 12(GCS 10:67); in Matth XV 14(GCS 40:389) (5

132

July 12, 2015

) .(6 ) (
) (7 3 30 ) .(7
) juxta hebraeos ) secundum) .(8
.

.


.
.
)(6
) (6
GCS 183:11) Theophania 12:4 K - R 148 .(op. cit 2 III
HE 16:39 . )
(GCS );James, 3
.(H - S GN18; PG 24:685f
) (de vir. ill. 3 .
.

)(7
).Epiph.: GCS 25:337f; Didymus, comn in Ps. K - R, 198 (7

)(8
) (8 18 .

133

July 12, 2015

. - -

.


.



.

.
.
.
) (4 9 29
.

.
puzzle.
) (

) .(9



.

)(9
) (9.A. A. T Ehrhardt in Studia Evangelica III (=TU 88 (1984)), 361 :

134

July 12, 2015

.
.
.

. ) Evangelium
(Nazarenorum
)
. ) Himo of Auxerre (855
(10 .

) .(11
) ( .

.
.
860 ) .(12
.

)(10
) .on 53:12 (PL 116, 994) (10
.

)(11
) (11 . :
(PL 960:116) 48 (965) 7:49 -
.(963) 4:52 12:53 ) (34:23
.53

135

July 12, 2015

).(13
.
.

(14)Vielhauer
.

.
)(12
). expos. in. ev. Matt II 2(PL 120:149) (12

)(13
) (13 ) (f 282:37 TU
) Petrus Comestor (1179 Hugh of St. Cher
) (1263 I H - S:152 Historia passionis Domini
) ( . . . 1703) J. A. Fabrisius
. . Wirthmller Die Nazor ) er (48 (1864 .
) J. Drusius (1616 . ) M. Sandeus (1656
. H. Grotius, Annotationes in quatuir Evangelica et Acta Apostolorum :
)(in Operum Theologicorum, Tomi II, Vol. I. ] .4 - 5 7 [1679
) R. Simon, Histoire Critique des principaux commentateurs du Nouveau Testament.., 49 .(1693
G. E. Lessing, Neue Hypothese ber die Evangelisten, als bloss menschliche Geschichtschreiber
). betrachtet, in theologischer Nachlass (1778

)(14
). H - S, 132 (14

136

July 12, 2015

.
:

) (4 9 29
. ) (7 3 30
) ( .

.

.

. )
( .
.
)
( ).(15

. :
de vir. ill. 3; in Matth. 12, 13; 23, 35; in Is. 40,9-11 (=in Ez. 16,13); prol. 65; in Ez. 18, 5-9; adv. Pelag. III

.2
in Is. 11,2

. in Matth 12,13
) de vir.
)(15
) (15 : 7:13 30 )] :( [
- .:
.G. Quispel, VC 11(1957), 140, n. 5

137

July 12, 2015

ill .(adv. Pelag

.


.
-

-
.
.

.
.
.

.
.
.
.
.
)(

.


.

138

July 12, 2015

. (16)Nicholson
.
- - ) .(17
17:5 56 :10 24:15
) ( .

.

.
) .(18
.
:
)(16
).op. cit., 82ff (16

)(17
) (17
-
. .

)(18
). Epiph. pan. 29 7:2 (18

139

July 12, 2015

.
.
:

. .

.
:

...
:
: .
.
)(19

) (in Is 112

) (8-7 13 30
) .(20
.

) (21

)(19
). H - S 163f. PL, 144f (19

140

July 12, 2015

) .(22
).(23
:
:
.
)(24
)(in Is 409
13:16 76
) in uno capillorum meorum ( .
II 12
)(20
) (20 .
. .GCS ad. loc. 25 :

)(21
). Epiph. pan. 29 7: 3; Jerome, ep. 112:13; in Is. 31, 6 - 9 (21

)(22
) (22 : .83

)(23
) (23:
. 89 - 104 .

O. Cullmann, The Christology of the New Testament, (London, 1959), 169 38 - 44,

141

July 12, 2015

) xv: 4 ( .

.

.
) (

) . .(76

.
Nemo autem in hac parte scandelizari debet, quod :
dicatur apud Hebraeos spiritus genere femino, eum nostra lingua appeletur genere masculino, et Graeco

) sermone neutro, In divinitate enim nullus et sexus

( .

) .(1:4
) (25 .
.
.

.
)(24
)(24

K - R, 225. PL 24:205

)(25
) (25 Martian .ad loc, 24 PL

142

July 12, 2015

).(26
.
:

:
.
.
: . :
: .
)(27
) (de vir. ill 2


)(26
) (26
) :(H-S GH 1) (386

.
. . V. Bruch
) (JTS(1920), 310 - 315
. . ) (H-S I: 137 M. R. James
) .(1 1-1 5 ) (H-S I: 137
.
)(27
).H - S. I: 165. PL 23: 611f (27

143

July 12, 2015

) ( .de. vir. ill

.
.
) (73 29
. ).(28

.

) .(157
.
) (43 29 )
(
.
:

) 38:24 (...
)(29
)(.prol , in Is 65


) incorparle daemonium ( ) spiritum(
)(28
) (28 ) (ep. 112:13 .
)(29
). K - R, 227. PL 24: 628 (29

144

July 12, 2015

.38:24

.
. ) spiritum(
) daemonium (
) (30)( . ) incorparle (
) ( ) .(31


) (32 .
Ignatius ) Polycarp
.(Smyrnaeans ,3

) .(33
) (III HE :36
)(30
) (30 : .74
)(31

). Vielhauer, H - S I: 129 (31 . J. B. Lightfoot, The Apostolic Fathers II: 2, 294; 296f :

)(32
). de vir. ill 16 (32

145

July 12, 2015

.
de. vir. ill
.
) (34 .Doctrina Petri
) (35 :
- 1 .
- 2
.



) ( .
.
)(33
) art. cit., 129 (33 : TU 37 256 .62
)(34
). de princ. I praef 8(PG 11: 119) (34
)(35
). op. cit., 295f (35

146

July 12, 2015

:

... :
:
. :
)( .
: ) ][(
. : :
.
)(36
) (adv. Peleg 32
.
.
) (37 .
Dodd
.
. ) (38
52:2 32:13
)(36
).M.R. James, op. cit., 6; PL 23: 570f (36
)(37
) (37 sermo peccati . sermo
) (
. J. B. Bauer, Sermo Paccati. Hieronymus und das Nazar : er
.evangelium, BZ 4(1960), 122 - 128 22:18
7 .
.

147

July 12, 2015

. ) (39
. ). (40
.

.
)
( .

.
.
.
)(38
). op. cit., 38 (38
)(39
). op. cit., 81 (39
)(40
) (40 5 4 :18 :30 .2 :7 :29 : )
(145 :
) : (15 - 13 :3
.

148

July 12, 2015

.
) (
.

149

July 12, 2015

.

.

.

.

.
) ( )(
)(( ) .(1
) ( )
!( .

) .(2 -
)(1
) (1 : 107 43 47 16 17
27.
)(2

150

July 12, 2015

)( )(
.

)( )( .
.
-:

) . (3
16 17 -
): (4
: . ) : (
. :
) (5 : .
. )( :
) (2 ...
. : . G. Dalman
. ) H. Laible Jesus Christ in Talmud.(1891
)(3
) (3:

T. Herford, Chritianity in Talmud and Midrash ,New York, 1950 (1903), 50f, 56f,

. 83, 97, 183f

)(4
) (4 : II :24 : 16 17 -.

151

July 12, 2015

.
. . :
. : . :
. :
. Sepporis

) (6 Kfar Sechania . :
: ] [18:23 .
. : :
. .
.

)(5
) (5

. . )Eccl.
(Hist. III: 32 : 107
.
)(6
) (6
-

.

152

July 12, 2015

: ] [8:5
] [6:5 ). (7

. 130
. ) (8 .
109 .
.
. .


.
.


) . (9
70
70
. - .

)(7
) (7 . .
] .
. 18:2 : .[40:15
)(8
) (8 .142 - 140 )(III HE :32
.

153

July 12, 2015

. ) (10 )(
. )(

) . (11
.
) (12
: ) . (13
)( ) ( )
)(9
) (9
. )(
: 11 ] [.
)(10
). Herford, op. cit., 106, 143 (10
)(11
) (11 .J. Jocz, The Jewish People and Jesus Christ, (Grand Rapids, 1979), 191 :
.
)(12
) (12 .24:2

154

July 12, 2015

(
.
- .

. ) (
. -
. - - .
. .
:

). (14
)15

(:

)(13
) (13. D. Rokeah, Ben Stara is Ben Pantera, Tarbiz 39 (1969), 9 - 10 :
)(14
) (14 :
Christianity in Talmud and Midrash, London, 1903 :
. Nazareth

R. Travers Herford:
J. Klausner: Jesus of

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166

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28) :(48 -
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H. Graetz, Geschichte der Juden (Leipzig, 1908 (1893)), Bd 4, 85, 94ff; Herford, op. cit.,
passim; M. - J. Lagrange, Le Messianisme chez les Juifs (Paris, 1909), 292; K. L. Carroll,
BJRL 40(1957/8), 20; G. F. Moore, Judaism III, 67f; J. Nausner, A History of the Jews in
.Babylonia (Leiden, 1968), Vol. 3, 12 - 16

)(42
)(42

F. C. Grant, The Earliest Gospel (New York, 1943), 92f; F. W. Beare, JBL 63 (1944), 315

.
)(43
)(43

M. Friedlander, Der vorchristliche jdische Gnosticimus (Gttingen, 1898); REJ

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1901), 78ff; Synagoge u. Kirche in ihren Anf . ngen (Berlin, 1908), 124ff
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Bacher, art. cit.; H. L. Strack, Jesus, die H retiker u. die Christen nach den altesten
jdischen Angaben (Leipzig, 1910), 47 - 80; A. Bchler in Judica (Festschrift fr hermann
Cohen) (Berlin, 1912), 272ff; I. Broyde, Min, Jewish Encyclopedia 8(1904), 549ff; J. Jocz,
op. cit., 174 - 190; C. M. I. Gevarahu, Sinai 44 (1958/9), 367 - 376; K. G. Kuhn in Judentum,
Urchristentum, Kirche, 24 - 61; D. Sperber, Min, Encycl. Judaica 12(1971), 1 - 3; M.
. Simon, Verus Israel (Paris, 1948), 214 - 238

)(45
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168

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)(53
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)(56

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199