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MARINE PRODUCTS

EXPORT
ANISH(24) DHAVAL(25)
PRADEEP(26)
SALIL(27) RAJNISH(28) RISHABH(29)

1
HISTORY

• Till 1960: Dried items like dried fish and


dried shrimp.  
• By 1961: Frozen items overtook dried
items leading to a steady progress in
export earnings
(Technology/modernization came in).
• 1966: export of frozen and canned items
registered a significant rise (Devaluation
of Indian currency).
• Markets for Indian products also spread
fast to developed countries from the 2
MARKET STRUCTURE

• Till 1960: Sri Lanka, Myanmar (formerly


Burma), Singapore etc.
• By 1961: Japan, USA, Europe, Australia,
etc.
• Seafood processing units with modern
machinery for freezing and production of
value added products were set up at all
important centers in the country for
export processing.
• Till 1976: USA was the principal buyer of 3
MARKET STRUCTURE

• After 1977: Japan emerged as the principal


buyer of the product, followed by the West
European countries.  
• Till 2002: Japan retained its position as the
single largest buyer for our marine
products accounting for about 31% in the
total export value.   
• 2002-03 & 2003-04: USA emerged as the
single largest market for our marine
products.  
4
• 2004-05 & 2005-06: European Union
MARKET STRUCTURE

• 2008-09:
– European Union (EU) = 32.6%
– China 14.8%
– Japan 14.6%
– USA 11.9%
– South East Asia 10%
– Middle East 5.5%
– Other Countries 10.6%
• Due to prevailing economic recession export to EU,
USA and Japan declined 6.08%, 10.18% and
8.80% respectively
• All other countries increased their import of marine
products from India during the year. 5
6
INDIA'S SEAFOOD
RESOURCE
• Exported to more than 90 countries.
• India has one of longest coastline of 8118
Km.
• Global Share of India is 4.2% at 2nd
position, while China has 69% share.
• Has one of largest area under Estuaries,
backwaters and Lagoons, which are
highly conductive for developing capture
as well as culture fishes.

7
INDIA'S SEAFOOD
RESOURCE
• Employs 30 Lac people, contributes 1% to
Indian GDP and 4.5 % to agriculture and allied
products.
• Indian fishing industry got a major boost after the
declaration of EEZ (Exclusive Economic
Zone) in 1977.
• Major exporting States are AP, Kerala, Tamil Nadu,
West Bengal.
• Potentially unexplored states are Gujarat, Orissa,
Maharashtra.
• Major products are shrimps, frozen fish, cuttlefish,
squid and dried items. 8
INDIAN SEAFOOD INDUSTRY

9
UNTAPPED POTENTIAL
• Meager utilization of natural gift.
• Total production
– Potential – 15 Million Tonnes
– Production – 2.5 Million Tonnes
• Fresh waters and Ponds
– Total Available – 2.4 Million Hectares.
– Utilized – 1.5 Million Hectares.
• Production Per Hectare (Pond Culture)
– Potential – 5 Tonnesper Hec.
– Production – 2 Tonnes per Hec.
• Production Per Hectare (Reservoirs and Tanks)
– Potential – 600 Kg per Hec.
– Production – 100 Kg per Hec. 10
EXPORT TREND OF MARINE
PRODUCTS
 Q: Quantity in MT, V: Value Rs. Crore, $: US Dollar in Million
Year   Export Variation    (%)
2004-05 Q 461329 49312 11.97
  V 6646.69 554.74 9.11
  $ 1478.48 147.71 11.10
2005-06 Q 512164 50835 11.02
  V 7245.30 598.61 9.05
  $ 1644.21 165.74 11.21
2006-07 Q 612641 100478 19.62
  V 8363.53 1118.23 15.43
  $ 1852.93 208.72 12.69
2007-08 Q 541701 -70941 -11.58
  V 7620.92 -742.61 -8.88
  $ 1899.09 46.16 2.49
2008-09 Q 602835 61134.51 11.29
  V   8,607.94 987.02 12.95 11
  $   1,908.63 9.54 0.50
       

MAJOR
Q: QuantEXPORT ITEMS
it y in Tons, V: Value in Rs. Crores,$: USD Million
ITEM Share % 2008-09 2007-08 Growth(%)
FROZEN SHRIMP 21
43.91
Q
V:
126042
3779.88
136223
3941.62
-7.47
-4.10
43.97 $: 839.30 980.62 -14.41
UV$: 6.66 7.20 -7.50
FROZEN FISH 40
20.01
Q:
V:
238543
1722.29
220200
1303.41
8.33
32.14
19.66 $: 375.23 326.29 15.00
UV$: 1.57 1.48 6.16
FR CUTTLE FISH 8
8.84
Q:
V:
50698
760.59
45955
744.13
10.32
2.21
8.81 $: 168.17 185.66 -9.42
UV$: 3.32 4.04 -17.89
FR SQUID 9
7.35
Q:
V:
57125
632.35
34172
408.42
67.17
54.83
7.49 $: 142.87 101.29 41.05
UV$: 2.50 2.96 -15.63
DRIED ITEM 5
4.89
Q:
V:
31688
420.75
22414
258.88
41.38
62.53
4.85 $: 92.51 64.72 42.94
UV$: 2.92 2.89 1.10
LIVE ITEMS 1
1.15
Q:
V:
3434
99.00
2498
69.07
37.47
43.33
1.14 $: 21.82 17.21 26.84
UV$: 6.36 6.89 -7.73
CHILLED ITEMS 4
2.53
Q:
V:
21453
217.34
6541
118.11
227.98
84.02
2.54 $: 48.39 29.62 63.35
UV$: 2.26 4.53 -50.19
OTHERS 12
11.34
Q:
V:
73851
975.75
73698
777.29
0.21
25.53
11.54 $: 220.33 193.68 13.76
UV$: 2.98 2.63 13.53
TOTAL 100 Q: 602835 541701 11.29 12
100 V: 8607.94 7620.92 12.95
100 $: 1908.63 1899.09 0.50
MAJOR EXPORT MARKETS
Q: Quantity in Tons, V: Value in Rs. Crores, $: USD Million
Country Share % 2008-09 2007-08 (%)

JAPAN 10 Q: 57271 67373 -14.99


14.34 V: 1234.01 1227.59 0.52
14.60 $: 278.61 305.49 -8.80
USA 6 Q: 36877 36612 0.72
11.87 V: 1021.55 1016.94 0.45
11.91 $: 227.29 253.05 -10.18
EUROPEAN UNION 25 Q: 151590 149381 1.48
32.53 V: 2799.96 2664.24 5.09
32.63 $: 622.87 663.17 -6.08
CHINA 24 Q: 147312 139792 5.38
15.06 V: 1296.39 1009.59 28.41
14.77 $: 281.90 252.90 11.47
SOUTH EAST ASIA 15 Q: 88953 63818 39.38
10.14 V: 873.09 573.97 52.12
10.01 $: 191.08 143.50 33.16
MIDDLE EAST 5 Q: 27177 25752 5.53
5.53 V: 475.72 393.96 20.75
5.51 $: 105.20 98.05 7.29
OTHERS 16 Q: 93654 58972 58.81
10.54 V: 907.21 734.62 23.50
10.57 $: 201.68 182.93 10.25
Total 100 Q: 602835 541701 11.29
100 V: 8607.94 7620.92 12.95
13
100 $: 1908.63 1899.09 0.50
Port wise exports.

• Exports were affected from 19


land/air ports.
• Kochi (17.6%),
• JNP (17.3%),
• Pipavav (16.1%),
• Chennai (12.6),
• Vizag (10.5%),
• Calcutta (8.4%),
• Tuticorin (8%),and Mangalore
14
What to export?

• Traditional
Items:
– Shrimps
– Oyster •V a lu e A d d e d
– Tuna Fish Ite m s:
– Squids –C u ltu re d
S h rim p
– Lobster
–B a tte re d
– Frozen Fish
S h rim p
– Cuttlefish
–C o o k S h rim p
– Shark
–Fish Fille t.
– Squids

15
FACTS

• Shrimp
– 20% of world’s imports.
– Mainstay in India’s Exports 65.88% (2004),
53% (2008)
• 200 world class Seafood processing
factories.
• Kerala has 40 percent of the total
processing Industries, followed by
AP, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat. 16
India - A Seafood Processing
Hub
• The government has allowed import
of raw materials required for
processing plants.
• More Thrust is given on “Ready to
Eat” and “Ready to Cook” kind of
processed items.
• First seafood processing zone was
developed in Kolkata, with
investment of Rs 480 million.
17
Changing Trends

• The India’s exports of Shrimps and frozen Squid


are declining year on year.
• One major reason of decline is Export of Cheaper
Vannamei Shrimps from neighboring
countries.
• The trend is shifting towards Value Added
Products and Processed Shrimps.
• New Potential Species are
– Mud Crabs
– Tuna Fish
– Sea brass
– Mullets
18
– Pearl Spot fishes.
Tuna Fish

• Tuna fish is third most traded Fish


internationally.
• Tuna fish exports are targeted to
reach 400 million dollar by
2010.
• Andaman and Nicobar Island
holds 25-30 per cent of tuna
potential.

19
Mud Crabs

Ø Technology for hatchery seed production of


Mud Crabs and Sea Bass fish has recently
been developed by CIBA (Central Institute
of Brackish Water Aquaculture) and MPEDA
.
Ø Potential sites spotted for this are Tamil
Nadu and Andhra Pradesh.
Ø Mud Crab is identified as best substitute of
Shrimps.
Ø By using the technology 1 lakh tonnes of
20
Mud Crabs can be produced giving
Sea Bass Fish

• High valued Sea Bass Fishes can tolerate


wide variation in environmental conditions.
• It can be produced in vast coastal region
example Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu,
Kerala, Maharashtra.
• The technology has been perfected in
Southeast Asia, and is in nascent stage in
India.
• One kilogram of Sea Bass fish can give a
revenue of Rs 100. 21
Ornamental Fish

• Most popular among Hobbyist.


• Used in Aquariums around the World.
• Major Exporters
– Singapore
– Hong Kong
– Malaysia
– Thailand
– Philippines
– Sri Lanka
– Taiwan
– Indonesia
– India.
22
Ornamental Fish

• Major Importers USA, Japan and Europe.


China and South Africa are Emerging
Markets.
• Global Trade of $5 Billion annually, growing
by 6%.
• India Exports worth Rs 1.58 Crores,
growing at 20% annually.
• The tropical ornamental fishes from North
eastern and Southern provinces of India
are in great demand in the hobbyists
market . 23
Vannamei Shrimps

• India mainly produces Black Tiger


Shrimp (1.5 lac tonnes).
• It has faced stiff competition from
Chinese Vannamei Shrimps because
– It has low production cost, and
therefore cheap.
– Resistant to virus diseases.

24
Vannamei Shrimps


• Per Hectare production is 20 tonnes,
against 2-3 tonnes of Black tiger
Shrimp.
• Margins from 3 tonnes of Vannamie
Shrimp is more than margins from 3
tonnes of Indian Shrimps.
• China produces 6.5 lac tonnes ,
Thailand 4.5 lac tonnes, Indonesia 4
lac tonnes and Vietnam 3.5 lac 25
Seafood supply chain in
India

• Fisherman ➔ Commission Agent ➔


Supplier (Pre-processor) ➔ Exporter
• Price sharing pattern is as follows:

26
Role of supply chain actors

27
Where to Export?

Declining
• E m e rg in g
Markets M a rk e ts
• EU (26%) •V ie tn a m
– Spain •B e lg iu m
– UK •C a n a d a
– Italy
•G e rm a n y
• USA (23%) •H o n g K o n g
• Japan (16%) •C h in a ( 1 4 % )
28
How to export?

• Chennai Port handles 24% in terms of


Value, but the carriage is declining
over the years, the emerging high
capacity ports are
– Haldia
– Tuticorin
– Kochi
• Marine Products Exports
Development Authority (MPEDA)
29
MPEDA

• MPEDA was constituted in 1972 under the Marine


Products Export Development Authority Act 1972
(No.13 of 1972).
• Its aims to covers fisheries of all kinds, increasing
exports, specifying standards, processing,
marketing, extension and training in various aspects
of the industry.
• MPEDA functions under the Ministry of Commerce,
Government of India and acts as a coordinating
agency with different Central and State Government
establishments engaged in fishery production and
allied activities. 30
31
ROLE OF MPEDA IN INDIAN
AQUACULTURE

• MPEDA was given the mandate for


development of shrimp/prawn
culture for augmenting exports from
the country since 1979. 
• MPEDA plans, popularizes and
implements various schemes for
promotion of export-oriented
aquaculture in the country.
• Formulation of various rules and
regulations connected with fishery
32
ROLE OF MPEDA IN INDIAN
AQUACULTURE

• MPEDA acts as a liaison agency


between various stake holders in
shrimp/prawn culture.
• MPEDA implements projects for
proving the techno-economic
viability of culture of diversified
variety of exportable fishes.
• MPEDA strives to ensure
sustainability of aquaculture and 33
Plan Schemes of MPEDA

• Export production - Capture Fisheries


• Export production - Culture Fisheries
• Induction of New Technology and
modernization of Processing Facilities
• Market Promotion

34
Services offered by MPEDA

• Registration of infrastructure facilities for


Seafood Export trade
• Collection and dissemination of trade
information
• Projection of Indian marine products in
overseas markets
• Implementation of development measures
vital to the industry
• Promotion of brackish water aquaculture for
production of prawn for export.
35
MARINE CAPTURE FISHERY

• Deep Sea Fishing


– In 1986 Government of India revised
its Deep Sea Fishing Policy giving
more stress to joint ventures in deep
sea fishing.
– In 1991 Government of India further
modified the deep fishing policy
permitting:
• Long lease of fishing vessels
• Test fishing as prelude to joint venture
36

Conditions for foreign
equity permitted
• New or second hand vessels can be acquired on
lease.
• The vessels should be for non-shrimp resource.
• Deep sea fishing project can be registered under
100% EOU scheme.
• Test fishing may be done to establish techno-
economic viability.
• Foreign collaboration involving foreign equity up to
51% is generally permitted. Foreign equity once
invested is considered on par with Indian share
holding.
• Foreign equity can be by way of fishing vessels
37
also.
MARINE CULTURE FISHERY

• AQUA CULTURE
– Aquaculture is the farming of freshwater
and saltwater organisms such
as finfish, molluscs, crustaceans and
aquatic plants.
– Aquaculture wing was established in 1979
by MPEDA to promote aquaculture in
coastal brackish water areas.
– Subsequently field offices were opened in
different maritime states.
– At present there are 6 regional and 4 sub-
regional centres extending technical 38
ACTIVITIES PERFORMED

• Micro and macro level survey to identify suitable


sites for farming
• Preparation of site specific project reports
• Technical advice on various aspects of farming.
• Training farmers/entrepreneurs in farming
• Arrange visit of farmers from one state to other
state for learning different aspects of farming.
• Conduct workshop/seminar/symposium/farmers
meets for the benefit of farmers/entrepreneurs.
• Promote eco friendly aquaculture

39
AQUA CULTURE

• Prawn Farm Procomplex,


Vallarpadom,Cochin
– Increase in demand for the trained man power
requirement
– The Authority has established a training
facility at Vallarpadom, Cochin.
– Through this Project Complex, regular training
programmes in shrimp culture, hatchery
operation, design and construction of
hatchery are offered to entrepreneurs as
well as Govt. officials, personnel of financial
40
institutions interested in supporting
MPEDA's Shrimp
hatcheries

• MPEDA has established two


registered societies TASPARC and
OSSPARC to run hatcheries in
Andhra Pradesh and Orissa
respectively.
– Orissa hatchery: 65 million seeds per
annum
– Andhra Pradesh hatchery: 80 million
seeds per annum.
41
Semi-intensive shrimp
farm
• At Nellore with the assistance of Dept. of Bio-
Technology
• Demonstrates the techno-economic viability of
semi-intensive shrimp farming under Indian
conditions with an average production of over 4
tonnes/ha/crop.
• Based on the experience, demonstrations are
arranged in different places through the
Regional/Sub-regional Centres.
• Two more demonstrations projects are under
implementation with the assistance of DBT, one
each at Salem in Tamil nadu and Alampur in
42
West Bengal.
Aqua Culture in
Andaman & Nicobar
Islands
• A pilot project near Port Blair with the assistance
of Dept. of Ocean Development
• Productiion of 2 tonnes per ha/crop
• A Project for brood stock transport is also under
implementation with financial assistance from
Dept. of Bio-technology in the A & N Islands.
• MPEDA also undertakes the work of techno-
economic appraisal of aquaculture projects for
various agencies.

43
Cage culture of fin fishes

• A pilot project for establishing an off-shore cage


culture unit near Port Blair in A & N Islands has been
initiated.
• MPEDA is advocating such aquaculture projects which
are eco-friendly in different parts of the country.
• Satellite farming to enable large scale industrial
houses to support small farmers with supply of
essential inputs along with technical advice and buy
-back of product at prevailing market rates.
• The MPEDA organised the aquaculture expositions
'INDAQUA' in 1993 and 1995 so as to highlight the
achievements in the field of aquaculture and to
make the practitioners and entrepreneurs aware of
the latest trends, developments and experiences in44
VALUE ADDITION

• Adopting the latest technologies and by


tapping the unexploited and under
exploited fishery resources
• MPEDAs vision is to achieve the export of 5
Billion US $ worth marine products by
2014-15 that too with the 75%
contribution of value added items
• Setting up new units, expanding their
capacity and diversifying their current
activities
45
Principles followed by
HACCP

• Conduct a hazard analysis to identify


hazards likely to occur.
• Identify the Critical Control Point
(CCP) to determine a point, step
or procedure in the production
process
• Establish critical limits for each CCP
by setting maximum or minimum
parameters of factors 46
Principles followed by
HACCP
 

• Monitor each CCP to ensure the process is


under control at each CCP
• Establish corrective actions taken when
monitoring shows deviations from
established critical limits
• Establish verification procedures to
ensure HACCP plans accomplish
intended goal of safe product production
• Establish record-keeping and
documentation procedures such as the
HACCP plan, CCP monitoring, corrective
actions and verification activities.
• 47
Steps by MPEDA regarding food
and health concerns
•Product development for export:
• Research and development of new products
• Training in new technology and inviting overseas
technical
 experts to India
•Quality improvement          

• Imparting training to technologists of Indian


seafood industry
in quality control in overseas labs
• Entrusting special research projects on quality
problems with National Research Institutes
• Monitoring of seafood quality in landing and pre-48
processing
Steps by MPEDA regarding food
and health concerns

• Integrated development programme for


upgrading seafood quality by providing
infrastructural facilities
• Evolving standards for compliance for
export of fish and fishery products to
various developed countries based
onstandards / norms / regulations
prescribed by such countries
49
MARKET PROMOTION

• Overseas market survey


• Data collection and maintenance of data Bank
• Assistance for market development
• Publicity through media and production of literature
and films on trade promotion.
• Sponsoring of sales team / delegations.
• Invitation of overseas experts for export promotion
visit to India.
• Organizing buyer-seller meets in overseas markets
• Participation in overseas Trade Fairs and Exhibition
• Exhibition & Trade Fairs within India. 50
FAIRS BY MPEDA
• India International Seafood Show (IISS)
– Biennial fares
– Distinctive position
• In order to popularise the concept of aquaculture
and to exploit the resources in the sector, MPEDA
organizes INDAQUA every alternate years.
• MPEDA organizes INDAQUARIA - the international
ornamental aquatic event - every year.
– To showcase the infinite promise and
• potential of the Indian ornamental fish
• industry.
– To provide a platform for annual get together.
– An exciting platform for joint venture and business tie-51
ups.
NETWORK FOR FISH QUALITY
MANAGEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE
FISHING (NETFISH)
• A new mechanism with fishermens’ societies,
federations, and other non-governmental
organizations which works closely with the fishing
community.
• MPEDA will utilize the services of experts, scientists,
technologists, etc
• Other tasks include
• (a) Training to pre processing and processing
workers
• (b) Training in HACCP
• (c) HACCP audit
• (d) Consultancy for the upgradation of
processing plants 52

INDIAN ORGANIC
AQUACULTURE PROJECT
(IOAP)
• MPEDA proposes to implement organic aquaculture
in India by availing the consultancy and technical
collaboration from the Swiss Import Promotion
Programme (SIPPO), Zurich, Switzerland.
• MPEDA has signed a MoU with SIPPO on 11.1.2007 at
Chennai during INDAQUA 2007
• The Project intends to implement organic
aquaculture as per the standards stipulated by
Naturland, Germany, who is the certifying body for
the product, initially in Kerala and Andhra Pradesh.
• INDOCERT is the inspection agency for the 53
programme in India.
Exporters Subsidy
Assistance by MPEDA
• Capture Fisheries
– Installation of insulated / Refrigerated Fish Hold =
30% of the cost to a maximum of Rs.5 lakh per
owner of fishing vessel.
– Conversion of existing fishing vessels to Tuna long
liners =  50% of the cost to a maximum of Rs.7.50
lakh.
– Constructing New Tuna Long Liners = 5% to Rs.10
lakh for 18-20 meter vessels and Rs.15 lakh for
above 20 meter vessels
• Culture Fisheries
– Medium-scale hatcheries = @ 50% of the capital to a
maximum of Rs.20.00 lakh per beneficiary /
hatchery limited to 6 hatcheries only
54
– Establishment of Ornamental Fish Breeding Units =
Exporters Subsidy
Assistance by MPEDA
• New Technology/Modernization
– Creating basic facilities for fish curing / drying /
packing / storage for export
• Scheme – A : Setting up of  dried fish
handling / curing / drying  facility (with solar
system with LPG back up) = Maximum
assistance shall be Rs.23.50 lakh per
beneficiary @ 33⅓% of the actual cost
incurred.
• Scheme – B: Setting up of dried fish packing
and storage facility by dried fish processors /
exporters registered with MPEDA =
Maximum assistance shall be Rs.8.25 lakh
per beneficiary @ 33⅓% of the actual cost
incurred 55
Exporters Subsidy
Assistance by MPEDA
• Market Promotion:
– Group Insurance Coverage for Workers Employed in the Pre-
Processing and Processing plants
• The premium of the insurance will be paid by the
employer, employee and MPEDA in a ratio of 50%, 25%
and 25%
• The annual premium works out to Rs.200/- per worker. 
• The present annual premium is Rs.200/-
– SEA FREIGHT ASSISTANCE for
• export of specified value added
• products to EU/USA/ Japan and
• other countries


56
FTP: Fish & Fishery Products

• Items permitted 
– No Quantitative   restrictions  on export.
• Promotional measures  
– Central assistance to States for development of critical
infrastructure for export. 
– Encouragements to State Governments for setting up
Export Zones. 
– Declaration of Towns of Export Excellence
– Market Access Initiative Schemes for encouraging
increased marketing efforts by exporters/Brand
promotion 
– Schemes to promote the Concept of Total Quality
Management. 

57
FTP: Fish & Fishery Products

• Import for  export production   


– Advance authorization for  duty free import of  inputs for
export production. 
– Manufacturer exporters, merchant exporters tied to
supporting manufacturers and service providers eligible
for import of capital goods at 5% Customs duty linked to
fulfillment of export obligation in 8 to12 years under
EPCG Scheme. 
• EOU/EPZ/SEZ  
– Scheme of 100% EOU/Export Processing Zone/Special
Economic Zone for export production continues.  No
trading units permitted under the scheme.
• PACKAGE FOR MARINE SECTOR
– A self removal procedure for clearance of waste shall be
applicable, subject to prescribed wastage norms. 58
Seafood Exporters
Association of India (SEAI)

• Incorporated with the main objective to protect


and promote the interest of the companies
engaged in the seafood business and to
develop the international trade of seafood from
India.
• SEAI has its corporate base in Cochin in Kerala
and eight regional offices in Kerala, Tamil Nadu,
Karnataka, Gujarat, Orissa, West Bengal,
Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh.

59
SEAI

• 150 processing facilities have


received European Union approval
from the existing 350 processing
facilities in India through SEAI.
• The factories are located in 20
clusters along the East and West
Coast of India.
• SEAI develop these clusters into
international seafood processing 60
SEAI - Functions

• Seafood Exporters Association of


India is focussed on providing
better technology, food safety
assurance, logistics and marketing
to create a competitive edge for
the Indian market.
• SEAI is in the lookout of establishing
various infrastructure facilities in
various coastal states like landing
centres, water treatment plants, 61
common effluent treatment plants
SEAI has identified the areas
for development and
implement
• Research and Development of New Projects.
• Training in new technology and inviting overseas
technical experts to India.
• Imparting overseas training to technologists of
Indian Seafood Industry in quality control.
• Monitoring of Seafood Quality in landing and pre-
processing centers.
• Upgrading seafood quality by providing
infrastructural facilities like pre-processing
centres and setting up of mini labs for quality
assurance.
• Evolving standards for compliance for export of
fish and fishery products to various developed
countries based on standards /norms / 62
regulations prescribed by such countries.
India International Sea Food
Show(IISS )
• One of the largest seafood fairs in
Asia.
• India International Seafood Show, a
biennial global event, jointly hosted
by the Marine Products Export
Development Authority (MPEDA)
and the Seafood Exporters
Association of India (SEAI). 

63
Air-Fresh Seafood

nSturdy Boxes: Wetlocks are still the standard, but other specialty boxes
are available
n
nUse 4-Mil Poly Liners: Airlines hate leakers…so will your customers
n
n“Wet” Ice: Don’t use regular ice. It melts & creates a huge mess
n
nChill Before Packing: Make sure the fish is 32°F – or a bit less – before
it goes into the boxes
n
nGel Ice: Must be hard frozen & leak free / Use 2 X 1.5 lb gel packs per 50
lb box & 4 X 1.5 gel packs per 80 lb box / Put gel packs on both top
and bottom of box
n
nInsulation:Really helps maintain the chill / Highly advised during
warmer months 64
n
Effect of Insulation & Gel Packs

50 lbs Chilled Fish / Time to Reach 40°F


Fish Pre-Chilled to 32°F / Ambient air temperature of
60°F

Box Type Without  With 


Gel Packs Gel Packs
Uninsulated Wet-Lock 6 hrs 9 hrs

Insulated Wet-Lock 12 hrs 21 hrs


3/8 “ styrofoam

65
Planning Your Air Shipment

§Choosing a carrier
Service to destination – direct flights, minimum connections,
timing, etc.
Experienced staff / general reputation
Adequate chilling facilities enroute, etc.
Is your shipment “priority”, or can it be bumped for mail or
passenger baggage

§Insurance
Basicinsurance is minimal
Declared value protects against loss / Full value insurance is
usually quite expensive / Loss to customer is uninsurable
Claims take months to settle

66
Planning Your Air Shipment

nDocumentation
Anything other than the Air Waybill is your responsibility
Correct documentation is particularly critical on
international shipments
Are you a known shipper?

67
Use a Freight Forwarder

nThey know the system


nThey negotiate the best rates & schedules
nThey monitor shipments
nThey get more respect from the airlines than you ever will
nIn short - “They are pros”

68
Shipping Frozen

nSturdy Insulated Boxes: Really a must with frozen shipments. Full


“styros” with well fitted corrugated “outer” is best
n

nDeep Freeze Before Packing: Make sure the fish is as cold as possible –
minimum -5°F / -22°F (-30°C) is better
n

nGel Ice: Use lots! Must also be deep frozen & leak free
n

nDry Ice: Can be very good…but pricey. Shippers have limits on how much
you can use, so check in advance
n

n“KEEP FROZEN” Labeling: Use lots of labels!


n

nFreezers Enroute: Verify that freezers are available at every stop and
point of plane change. Make sure they are adequate to take your
shipment if need be.

69
Shipping by Truck

nWhat Species?: “Sturdy” fish like halibut stand up well in


trucking, but lots of fresh salmon gets trucked too
n

nReliable: Unlike aircraft, “refer” trucks have reliable temperature


control systems for either chilled or frozen freight
n

nSpeed: Can be surprisingly competitive with air depending on


destination & when all stops, and potential delays are
considered
n

nCheck with your Forwarder: Trucking may be right for you.

70
Challenges

• Impose of Anti-dumping duty by US in


2004.
• Japan and EU imposed strict quality
control standards on Indian Marine
Products.
• Indian Exports are Single Product
(Shrimp) and Single Market (USA and
Japan) oriented Industry.
• Diesel accounts for 75% of Input cost,
escalating diesel prices i.e. from Rs 5
in 1991 to Rs. 40 present is major 71
Challenges

• The Global imports of Shrimp are


declining and demand towards
processed food is increasing.
• Low scale Indian Exporters lack Risk
Taking capacity to jump into
technology Sophisticated Processed
food Industry.
• As a result of Above, the financial
institutions have lost confidence in 72
State of the Fisherman

• Price taker: Price moves from the


international market via the
exporter.
• Risk bearer: He bears all fishing
expenditures and assumes the risk
of a poor catch. 
• Export promotion agencies
concentrate their activities on
assisting exporters, leaving little
73
State of the Fisherman

• Among 40 schemes listed by MPEDA


one is targeted at fishermen
• 30% investment assistance max. cap
of 50000
• Highly unorganized, competition
within, non-cooperation bound to
disrupt self regulatory mechanism
• International standards include
processing in the boats itself 74
Export Strategy

• It is necessary to treat marine products as


technology Intensive sector.
• “Value addition has been considered as the thrust
area. Indian seafood processing units will be
encouraged to go in for value addition and
export through setting up new units, expanding
their capacity and diversifying their current
activities. Foreign collaboration, investments, tie
ups in marketing of value added products and
fish import for further processing and export in
value added forms will be encouraged.”
- G. Mohan
Kumar  Chairman, MPEDA 75
THANK YOU!!!
76

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