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  • (ADH) From The Posterior Pituitary Gland

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    Elise Howard
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    Diabetes insipidus is defined by the inability to concentrate urine during water restriction, resulting in the excretion of large volumes of urine (polyuria) and excessive thirst (polydipsia). There are two types: neurogenic/central, caused by a defect in the synthesis or release of antidiuretic hormone from the pituitary gland due to damage, tumors, or infections; and nephrogenic, where the kidneys do not respond to ADH due to genetic defects, medications like lithium, or kidney disorders. Diagnosis involves measuring urine output and osmolality over 24 hours and a water deprivation test, and treatment options include ADH replacement and various medications.

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    Nursing and diabetes insipidus.

    Original Title

    Diabetes Insipidus

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    Diabetes insipidus is defined by the inability to concentrate urine during water restriction, resulting in the excretion of large volumes of urine (polyuria) and excessive thirst (polydipsia). There are two types: neurogenic/central, caused by a defect in the synthesis or release of antidiuretic hormone from the pituitary gland due to damage, tumors, or infections; and nephrogenic, where the kidneys do not respond to ADH due to genetic defects, medications like lithium, or kidney disorders. Diagnosis involves measuring urine output and osmolality over 24 hours and a water deprivation test, and treatment options include ADH replacement and various medications.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    22 views2 pages

    (ADH) From The Posterior Pituitary Gland

    Uploaded by

    Elise Howard
    Diabetes insipidus is defined by the inability to concentrate urine during water restriction, resulting in the excretion of large volumes of urine (polyuria) and excessive thirst (polydipsia). There are two types: neurogenic/central, caused by a defect in the synthesis or release of antidiuretic hormone from the pituitary gland due to damage, tumors, or infections; and nephrogenic, where the kidneys do not respond to ADH due to genetic defects, medications like lithium, or kidney disorders. Diagnosis involves measuring urine output and osmolality over 24 hours and a water deprivation test, and treatment options include ADH replacement and various medications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    Diabetes Insipidus

    Defined as: (Grossman & Porth, 2014)


    o

    The inability to concentrate urine during periods of water restriction

    Excretion of large volumes of urine about 3-20 L/day (polyuria)

    Large output accompanied by excessive thirst (polydipsia)

    Two types:
    o

    Neurogenic/Central
    o

    Defect in the synthesis or release of Antidiuretic Hormone


    (ADH) from the posterior pituitary gland.

    Multiple causes (Chapman, 2014)


    o

    Damage to pituitary gland or hypothalamus

    Tumors

    Sarcoidosis

    Tuberculosis

    Aneurysm or blockage of arteries

    Encephalitis or meningitis

    Nephrogenic kidneys dont respond to ADH


    o

    Inherited AVPR2 gene and AQP2 gene

    Acquired Lithium toxicity, hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, kidney


    disorders, amyloidosis

    Diagnosis 24-hour urine output and osmolality, water deprivation test

    Treatments
    o

    ADH replacement, chlorpropamide, carbamazepine, clofibrate, thaizide


    diuretics

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