The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 24(4):290-333, 1985(86) Hostplant Records and Natural History Notes on Costa Rican Butterflies (Papilionidae, Pieridae & Nymphalidae) Philip J. DeVries Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712 Current address: Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 2072, Balboa, Panama Abstract. Hostplant records for 209 species of butterflies in the families Papilionidae, Pieridae and Nymphalidae are reported from various : habitats throughout Costa Rica to provide a basis for understanding fine- scale hostplant relationships of neotropical butterflies at the population level. Notes on egg, clutch-size, larval behavior, larval feeding, oviposition behavior, and hostplant microhabitat are given. New and unusual hostplant families and errors in the hostplant literature are discussed, and the possiblilities of unrecognized sibling species masquerading under a single species name are indicated. Introduction To students of butterflies it has become evident that hostplant relationships play an increasingly important role in butterfly biology. Hostplant data have been used in developing classifications and sys- tematics at the family, subfamily, genus, and species levels (Miiller, 1886; Singer et al.,1983; DeVries et al.,1985), and in some cases the hostplant has been used as a character in naming populations (e.g. Murphy & Ehrlich, 1984). Hostplant data are of paramount importance for elucidating broad-scale evolutionary patterns of host use among sys- tematic lineages (Brues, 1924; Ehrlich & Raven, 1965; Benson et al., 1976), for understanding butterfly ecology at the community (Gilbert, 1984) and population (Ehrlich, 1984) levels, for the dynamics of host- breadth and host shifts (Singer, 1983, 1984), and for the development of mimicry theory (Gilbert, 1983) and ecological chemistry (Brower, 1984). In short, hostplant relationships are a basis upon which we rest many of our ideas about butterflies. Taken as a whole, it appears from surveys of literature records that hostplant relationships are well understood for the majority of the sys- tematic lineages of butterflies (Ehrlich & Raven, 1965; P. Ackery, in prep.), particularly at higher systematic levels. However, this is not true with respect to specific butterfly faunas at the genus and species levels. Perhaps the only places on earth where such relationships are well known,24(4):290-333, 1985(86) 291 but not completely known at these levels are in the U.S.A., England, parts of northern Europe and Japan. In these areas fine-scale hostplant data are available for entire faunas which can be used to develop systematic and ecological studies with a critical degree of resolution. In all other areas of the world such data are not available, and this is especially so in the tropics. Although the tropics contain the greatest diversity of butterfly species, compared to temperate regions, hostplant relationships of butterflies are poorly known, and least known of all in the neotropics. If we are to gain an understanding of the butterflies of the neotropics comparable to our knowledge of the temperate regions, it is important to have a more com- plete picture of hostplant relationships than. currently exists. This isa tall order considering that the neotropics contain a butterfly diversity greater than any other region on earth (DeVries, 1986). One very useful method is to develop hostplant lists for butterfly faunas of specific areas. During a long term and continuing study of the butterfly fauna of Costa Rica I have had the opportunity to rear a number of species, as well as the good fortune to work with colleagues who, although involved in studies of their own, have provided me with hostplant records to augment my work. There summarize the hostplant records for 209 species of Costa Rican but- terflies in the families Papilionidae, Pieridae and Nymphalidae reared between 1976 and 1982 by my colleagues and myself. The purpose of this paper is to provide a starting point for eventually understanding fine- scale hostplant relationships at the population level for neotropical but- terflies. Natural history information is provided for both butterflies and hostplants in coded form along with each hostplant. record. In the remain- der of this paper I highlight some new and unusual hostplant records, point to instances where there may be several species currently placed under one name, and draw attention to what I believe to be errors in pre- vious literature. Additional hostplant records of Costa Rican butterflies and an analysis of the ecological patterns of hostplant use which are evi- dent in the present paper will be discussed in a future publication (DeVries, in prep.). Materials and Methods Except where indicated, all hostplant records presented (Appendix I) have resulted from a larva feeding on a plant and developing into an adult. All records are from field collected eggs or larvae, except where otherwise noted. Oviposition records are indicated as such, the butterflies have been positively identified with a voucher specimen taken at the time of oviposition, or in a few cases, determined on the wing with the use of binoculars. Therefore, the vast majority of records re- ported here have voucher specimens in the collection of the author or the person responsible for the record. Butterfly Nomenclature. The nomenclature follows DeVries (1986) which is modified and refined from DeVries (1983). Additional systematic references useful292 J. Res. Lepid. for Costa Rican butterflies may be found in Ackery and Vane-Wright (1985), De- Vries et al. (1985), Higgins (1981), Jenkins (1983) and Singer et al. (1983). Plant Determinations. The hostplants in Appendix (I) are for the most part positively determined to genus (many to species), but in a few instances it was only possible to determine the plants to family due to undescribed taxa or insufficient plant material. The following people have lent their expertise in determining the hostplants: H. Bold, W. Burger, I. A. Chacon, R. Foster, L. D. Gomez, W. Haber, B, Hamnil, L. Gilbert, G. Hartshorn, D. H. Janzen, S. Knapp, R. Marquis, R. Pohl, L. Poveda and F. G. Stiles. Useful references for indentification of plants of Costa Rica include: Allen (1956), Burger (1971, 1977), Croat (1978), Daniels and Stiles (1979), Janzen and Leisner (1980) and Stiles (1980). Coded Information in Appendix I: Explanations for the coded sequences in Appendix J are found in Tables I, Il and III. This information is found in a series of columns located to the right of each butterfly taxon and corresponds to: hostplant indentity, locality of record and who reared the butterfly, egg clutch-size, oviposi- tion behavior, larval behavior, larval feeding and binomic notes concerned with the ovipositing butterfly and microhabit of the hostplant respectively. Further details on localities, habitats, and butterfly biology in Costa Rica are found in DeVries (1986). All hostplant records reported here are from Costa Rica except those coded *AA and *KS. These come from Barro Colorado Island, Panama and augment Costa Rican records. Except for those hostplant records marked with an asterisk and a set of initials preceding the locality code, all records are those of DeVries. The initials refer to records of the following people: AA = A. Aiello, IC = I. A. Chacon, RC = R. Cubero, SK = S. Koptur, LEG = L. E. Gilbert, WH = W. Haber, DJ = D. H. Janzen, JM = J. Mallet, RM = R. Marquis, KS = K. Steiner, MCS = M. C. Singer, FGS = F. G. Stiles, and TR = T. Ray. Comments The hostplant records in Appendix I completely corroborate the pattern ofrelationship between hostplants and butterflies as described by Ehrlich and Raven (1965). There are, however, a few records in Appendix I which deserve special comment because they either represent hostplant families not reported in Ehrlich and Raven (1965), or they indicate a need for further study within the neotropical butterfly fauna as a whole. These records are briefly discussed here by butterfly family. Papilionidae: The record of Papilio cleotas feeding on Moraceae requires confirmation since no papilionid species is known to feed on this plant family anywhere in the world. Hostplant records in the literature frequently report that Papilio cresphontes and P. thoas both utilize Rutaceae and Piperaceae as larval hostplants. Based on field experience and the data presented here I believe that such records are misidenti- fications of the butterfly species; the species are extremely similar in appearance. In Costa Rica P. cresphontes larvae feed only on Rutaceae,24(4):290-333, 1985(86) 293 and conversely, P. thoas larvae feed only on Piperaceae. Pieridae: The records of Catasticta and Pereute feeding on Loran- thaceae and the behavior and morphology of larvae and pupae suggest a close affinity to the extensive Old World genus Delias. The records also further amplify those reported in Ehrlich and Raven (1965). However, I believe the reference of Pereute feeding on the Lauraceae (Jorgensen, 1932) is in error (DeVries, 1982). I also believe the record of Perrhybris Iypera feeding on Lauraceae is a plant misidentification (see Young, 1980, 1982; DeVries, 1982). The records of Aphrissa statira feeding on Bignoniaceae are very unusual for the Pieridae, and suggest either a chemical convergence between certain Bignoniaceae and Caesalpiniaceae or that there is more than a single species under the name A. statira. Nymphalidae: The records of Agrias amydon on Erythroxylaceae represent an unusual hostplant family for the subfamily Charaxinae. It is further notable because of commercial interest in both the butterfly and chemistry of secondary chemicals of the hostplant genus. The record of Zaretis itys feeding on Piperaceae is unusual since its usual hostplants are Flacourtiaceae in the same habitat. Several interesting records are reported from the Nymphalinae. In my experience, the larvae of Eunica monima feed only on Burseraceae. Ibelieve that the original record of this species feeding on Rutaceae (Dyar, 1912) represents a misidentification of the hostplant which subsequently became embedded in the literature. Muyshondt (1975) stated that Miiller (1886) was in error for reporting Diaethria marchalli to feed onTrema (Ulmaceae) and said that in El Salvador he only found this species feeding upon Sapindaceae. In Costa Rica, Trema is the only hostplant for D. marchalli of which I am aware, suggesting that either the butterfly switches hostplant families in areas north of Costa Rica, or that there are two species of butterfly involved here. Data reported here suggest either that certain species of Adelpha are highly polyphagous, or that there are cryptic species involved under the same name (eg. A. boreas, A. celerio, A. heraclea). Adelpha melanthe, on the other hand, changes hostplant family from east to west in Costa Rica, but all are closely allied within the Urticales. In the sub- family Satyrinae the record of Megeuptychia antonoe feeding on Cyclanthaceae is unusual, but Cyclanthaceae has recently been demon- strated to be a host of Caligo in Costa Rica as well (I. A. Chacon, pers. comm.). The record of Euptychia insolata feeding on Neckeraceae is the first record for any butterfly to utilize a member of the Bryophyta as a lar- val hostplant, although some members of the genus are known to feed on Lycopsida (Singer et al., 1983). Lastly, the records of Pierella and Cissia confusa on Poaceae, Marantaceae, Palmae and Heliconiaceae indicate a high degree of polyphagy, mostly within the same habitat. Acknowledgments. 1 would first like to acknowledge a debt of gratitude to my294 J. Res. Lepid. colleagues who were named previously, for allowing me to publish their hostplant records and who helped determine the hostplants. A special thanks to L. D. Gomez, D. H. Janzen, L. E. Gilbert and Servicios de Parques Nacionales de Costa Rica for logistical support. For babysitting caterpillars in the field during my absence and for assistance in the field I thank: I. A. Chacon, J. Denslow, A. Ehrlich, P. R. Ehrlich, L. E. Gilbert, W. Muriel Hallwachs, R. Hesterberg, D. H. Janzen, J. Longino, J. Mallet, R. Marquis, M. C. Singer, F. G. Stiles and C. Todzia. This manuscript benefited from comments by: P. R. Ackery, L. E. Gilbert, D. J. Harvey, D. H. Janzen, R. Marquis, R. Mattoni, C. D. Thomas and R. I. Vane- Wright. I dedicate this paper to the late A. Pepper. The publication of this paper was made possible from grants to the author made available from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and the Dept. of Zoology, University of Texas. Literature Cited ACKERY, P. R. & R. I. VANE-WRIGHT, 1984. Milkweed butterflies: their cladistics and biology. Bull. Br. Mus. (Nat. Hist.). ALLEN, P. H., 1956, The Rain Forests of Golfo Dulce. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, Florida. BENSON, W. W,, K. 8. BROWN & L. E, GILBERT, 1976. Coevolution of plants and herbi- vores: passion flower butterflies. Evolution 29:659-680. BROWER, L. P,, 1984. Chemical defences in butterflies. Symposia of Roy. Ent. Soc. Lond. 11:109-134, BRUES, C. T., 1924. The specificity of food-plants in the evolution of phytophagous insects. Am. Nat. 58:127-144. BURGER, W., 1971. Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana Botany 35:1-227. 1977. Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana Botany 40:1-291. CROAT, T. B., 1978. Flora of Barro Colorado Island. Stanford Univ. Press, Stan- ford Calif. DANIELS, G. 8. & F. G. STILES, 1979, The Heliconia taxa of Costa Rica: keys and descriptions: Brenesia 15: suppl.:1-150. DeVRIES, P. J., 1982. The case of Perrhybris lypera (Pieridae) and the Lauraceae: hostplant record or assumption? J. Lep. Soc. 36:229-230. —., 1983. Checklist of butterflies. IN: Costa Rican Natural History. D. H. Janzen (ed.). pp. 654-678, Univ. Chicago Press, Chicago, Ilinois. 1986. The Butterflies of Costa Rica and their Natural History. Prince- ton Univ. Press, Princeton, N.J. (in press). DeVRIES, P. J., I. J. KITCHING & R. I. VANE-WRIGHT, 1985. The systematic position of Antirrhea and Caerois, with comments on the classification of the Nymph- alidae (Lepidoptera). Syst. Ent. 10:11-32. DYAR, H. G., 1912. Descriptions of the larvae of some Lepidoptera from Mexico. Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash. 14:54-58. EHRLICH, P. R., 1984. The structure and dynamics of butterfly populations. Sym- posia Roy. Ent. Soc. Lond 11:25-40. EHRLICH, P. R. & P. H, RAVEN, 1965. Butterflies and plants: a study in coevolution. Evolution 18:586-608. GILBERT, L. E., 1983. Coevolution and mimicry. IN: Coevolution. D. Futuyma & M. Slatkin (eds.) pp. 263-281. Sinaeur Press, Mass. , 1984. The biology of butterfly communities. Symposia Roy. Ent. Soc.24(4):290-333, 1985(86) 295 Lond, 11:41-54. HABER, W,, 1978. Evolutionary ecology of tropical mimetic butterflies (Lepidop- tera: Ithomiinae). Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Minnesota. HARTSHORN, G. S., 1983. Plants. IN: Costa Rican Natural History. D. H. Janzen (ed.). pp. 118-183. Univ. Chicago Press, Chicago, Ilinois. HIGGINS, L.G., 1981. A revision of the genus Phyciodes Hiibner and related genera with a review of the classification of the Melitaeinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphali- dae). Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Ent.) 43:77-243. JANZEN, D. H. & R. LEISNER, 1980. Annotated check-list of plants of lowland Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica, exclusive of grasses and non-vascular cryptogams. Brenesia 18:15-90. JENKINS, D. W., 1983. Neotropical Nymphalidae I. Revision of Hamadryas. Bull. Allyn Mus. 81:1-146. JORGENSEN, P., 1932. Lepidopterologisches aus Siidamerika. Deutsch. Ent. Zeitschr. Iris, Dresden. 46:37-66. MOLLER, W., 1886. Siidamerikanische nymphalidenraupen: versuch eines natiir- lichen systems der nymphaliden. Zoologische Jarbiicher, Jena. 1:417-678. MURPHY, D. D. & P. R. EHRLICH, 1984. Biosystematics of the Euphydryas of the Cen- tral great basin with description of a new subspecies. J. Res. Lep. 2:254- 261. MUYSHONDT, A., 1975. Notes on the life cycle and natural history of the butter- flies of El Salvador. VIA. Diaethria astala Guerin (Nymphalidae-Calli- corinae). J. New York. Ent. Soc. 83:10-18. SINGER, M. C., 1983. Determinants of multiple host use by a phytophagous insect population. Evolution 37:389-403. , 1984. Butterfly-hostplant relationships: host quality, adult choice and larval resources. Symposia Roy. Ent. Soc. Lond. 11:81-88. SINGER, M. C, P. J. DeVRIES & P. R. EHRLICH, 1983. The Cissia confusa species-group in Costa Rica and Trinidad (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 79:101-119. STILES, F. G., 1980. Further data on the genus Heliconia (Musaceae) in northern Costa Rica. Brenesia 18:147-154. YOUNG, A. M., 1980. Notes on the behavioral ecology of Perrhybris lypera (Pieridae) in northeastern Costa Rica. J. Lep. Soc. 34:36-47. , 1982. Perrhybris lypera (Pieridae) feeding on Lauraceae; a response to DeVries. J. Lep. Soc. 36:230-232.296 J. Res. Lepid. Table 1. Numerical Codes for Hostplant Families in Appendix I. 1 Acanthaceae —_—‘17 Erythroxylaceae 33 Poaceae 2Amaranthaceae 18 Euphorbiaceae 34 Poaceae:Bambusoidea 3 Annonaceae 19 Fabaceae 35 Rubiaceae 4 Aristolochiaceae 20 Flacourtiaceae 36 Rutaceae 5 Asclepidaceae 21 Heliconiaceae 37 Sapindaceae 6Bignoniacese 22 Hernandiaceae 38 Selaginellaceae 7 Brassicaceae «23 Lauraceae 39 Simaroubaceae 8Bromeliaceae 24 Loranthaceae 40 Solanaceae 9 Burseraceae 25 Marantaceae 41 Tiliaceae 10 Caesalpiniaceae 26 Melastomataceae 42 Tropaeolaceae 11 Capparidaceae 27 Mimosaceae 43 Turneraceae 12 Caricaceae 28 Moraceae 44 Ulmaceae 13 Compositae 29 Neckeraceae 45 Umbelliferae (=Apiaceae) 14 Cyclanthaceae 30 Palmae (=Arecaceae) 46 Urticaceae 15 Cyperaceae 31 Passifloraceae 47 Verbenaceae 16 Ericaceae 32 Piperaceae Table 2. Codes for Rearing Localities Cited in Appendix I. AT = Atenas (Al) LS = Finca la Selva (HER) BLH = Bajo la Hondura (SJ) MV = Monte Verde (PUN) BAR = Barranca (PUN) PATT = Patarra (SJ) BCI = Barro Colorado RCN = Rincén de Osa (PUN) Island (PAN) SV = San Vito de Java (PUN) CDM ‘erro de la Muerte (SJ) SRNP = Parque Santa Rosa (GUAN) CURR = Curridibat (CAR) SJ = San José (SJ) COP = Copey (SJ) TUR = Turrialba (CAR) CAN = Cafias (GUAN) UCR = Universidad de Costa Rica (SJ) CAR = Parque Braulio Carrillo (SJ) VTUR = Volcan Turrialba (CAR) CVDO = Parque Corcovado (PUN) VBVA = Volcan Barva (HER) EST = Estrella de Cartago (CAR) | VSM = Volcan Santa Maria (GUAN) ELROD = Finca el Rodeo (SJ) VDS = Virgen del Socorro (AL) GOL = Golfito (PUN) VM = Volcan Miravalles (AL) HER = Heredia (HER) LALT = Finca las Alturas (PUN) Costa Rican Province Codes are: (AL) = Alajuela, (CAR) = Cartago, (GUAN) = Guanacaste, (HER) = Heredia, (PUN) = Puntarenas, (SJ) = San José. The code (PAN) = the country Panama.24(4):290-333, 1985(86) 297 Table 3. Codes Used for Eggs, Larvae and Hostplant in Appendix I. Eggs and Oviposition S = eggs laid singly C = eggs laid in clusters 1 = female may oviposit several times on same plant. female usually oviposits only once on a plant. 3 = female always oviposits several times on same plant. Larval Behavior S = solitary G = gregarious 1 = larvae feed on new, then old leaves. larvae will feed on all leaves. larvae feed only on young leaves. 4 = larvae feed only on older leaves. 5 = larvae feed on plant parts other than leaves. Hostplant Microhabitat = female oviposits on plants occurring in open areas. = female oviposits on plants occurring in forest. = female oviposits on plants occurring at forest or riparian edges. = female oviposits on plants occurring in forest light gaps. Appendix I. Reading from left to right the information in this appendix is divided into five columns corresponding to: 1) butterfly taxa, 2) hostplant, locality and authorships of rearing, 3) clutch-size of eggs and frequency of oviposition, 4) larval behavior and feeding and 5) micro- habitat of hostplant and natural history notes. Explanations for the coded sequences are found in the text and in Tables 1, 2 and 3.Egg & Larval Species Hostplant & Locality Data Bionomic Notes of Host and Butterfly FAMILY: PAPILIONIDAE GENUS: Battus polydamas L. Aristolochia (4) grandiflora SJ C Gi All hostplants are 3 and 4. Egg clusters range anguicida SRNP C Gil from 5 to 10. undetermined LS belus Aristolochia (4) varus Kol. grandiflora SJ, TUR. S1 Si Hostplants are 3, 4 and riparian edges. undetermined LS. si SI undetermined CVDO si SI undetermined SV si SI crassus Cr. Aristolochia (4) veraguensis CVDO C G1 Hostplants are 2, 3, 4 and riparian edges. undetermined LS C Gi_ Egg clusters range from 20 to 40 eggs. GENUS: Parides Photinus Dbldy. Aristolochia (4) pilosa ELROD, AT. C G2 Hostplants are 3 and 4 provided they receive direct sunshine. Plants are usually juvenile growing along the ground. childrenae Gray Aristolochia (4) tonduzii LS. 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Lepid. “syuyjd amngeur pus Sunok uo qsodiao sepeunay ‘| are squepdysoy og “1g ax8 ovary] Tr? {2g exe 883o [Ty “yeuqeY O43 puE saroads ‘949 uo Burpuadep F Jo | z8yyIe axe syuETd Ty “BAIB] TBISUI 948] B UIOYJ St PI0der 8,uazuep “ys0x0} 243 UI seer) pezIs WNIpeut wo ¢ °% = wnjcxoysung ‘T= snund TY Aung pue IS0H Jo S2}0N SWOUOIg eo@ AW HMs 2unoqawo (€@) vassag te o@ WA His saproydosy (82) 200108 zs Is “AW au08jna (gp) wnjnoquaoy “aL %S IS ‘dOO‘LVd ‘aA‘SaA‘rs wnncydorday (99) wnidy SCA peurmzejpun OGAO Wes toyssyoupatuf SI (128-ANUS-18) FA o80]0u0 (9h0T-dNUS-T8) fd wngoussu0w $1 sHaf-nouns LLY ‘ANUS wnqD]no40qny (2) dodig Is Is (901-ANUS"6L) PCs 81104071) (98) pryoaquassy Is Is OA ‘NVO ‘dNUS wnsozn298 (9¢) wnyhzoysurz TS IS ‘LVd “TOD ‘LV ‘AS s8100ds [exaA08 (98) snag, wed ‘Ayyes07 g wueIdysoH tease] @ 663, saying sngpzaujna snuiozo1a “doy s07kyoun 040019 fey singoys souarjod £8 A soop09u soy “a soquoydsauo omdea ‘SANaD sapeds301 24(4):290-333, 1985(86) “sduyjdes axe syueyd [Ty “3eNqEy 2q) uo Suypuadap F pur ¢ °Z are sjuEydysopy “yeuqey 382103 PRojo jo Aroysiepun Apeys ur Suydes owes 24} uo 8830 anoy paytsodiao apeuray ay, “avare] pazwaz you easy ynq UorHTsodrao paasasqo aaey | “aiqerdaooe are je 4nq seve] Plo qe Ayjensn avarey *Aroys1apun aq ut seaz} pozis umrpanr 10 sfurdes uo y1sodiao seeureg ‘svare Apeys ut p 10 “g ‘% []e axe syue[dysoy] “syuejd ammgeur 10 Bun0k uo 41800 “tao saypure,y *} 10 | 10yyIe st wnpCxoyzuDZ eu} auunsse | wsoY BUEG UT souaLadxe snoIA -erd Woy puv | are sini) pue voutsso) “[18) 19}@0r | noge ssurjdes wo qrsodrao sopeurey ay.], ‘apeys doop ut are sdud MBq UY suETM yng “y exe syUE[dys0y OM JO TY “9e7) uMoId uwado ue yo sonvol ][@ uo Suspe0y ware] Te}SUT es es és es es es es 1 19 es es 1s Is 1s 1s 1s 1s Is Is io as Be es AW YS¢ Poyfisuap ‘UVO peutmeyepun Hd pourwuayapun (12) uy GA peuruzayepun (22) vBuy UAL WSe oyfisuap UAL WSs sapropurdos STI pourwazeyepun ‘MYO peurmaypun (1g) oBuy (€9T-dNUS-6L) FAs wnsojnjas (98) wnjkxoyqung Lvd ‘ST'UNL'OGAD'UVD seeds snoyrea (98) stung fs stimpa (98) vouwissoQ ST WU. Peurmzeyepun ‘UVO peutmeyapun S' Dayunu pur ¢ °Z st yUBpdysoRy “sureyo sseay oxBUI oBArey] ‘sofpa ueLEdU Pue sary Buoys ZulzIN900 sautA Apoom ose] Wo evare] 1ezSUI-248] Woy sareds S14) pasear | “sours kdoueo -qns 10 Adouvo Ayjensn ‘% pue g axe syueydysoqy "y pu ¢ 1 quufdysoy oy, “soawa] [[@ Uo axe sIBySU! 10,8] ‘saAva] SUNOK oy ez1u079[9ys avare] 1e4SUT Apree 3eUR $948}8 OT]OIY “Seawa] Jo apisrepun ay} uo ysax fay} 107] ‘suey sseiy oyeur sreysur Ayre “soar omyeuL 0} sdurjdes mozy ofuex pur F ‘g ‘2 axe squeydysoyy “soawa] Uo ysax 1078] ‘sUTBYyD ssEIy eyeur sreysuy Areg ‘seutA Adoueo 0} softuaant woy efuex pus ‘y pus g ‘% are squefdysopy “seavol Tle uo Surpass ware] eysuI-248] AreytYos B WOYy soyoads sty spzozez sqnbeyy ‘seava] jo aprsieddn Wo ysax sxBysuy 1948] ‘suTeYD sseIy ayeUT sIEIS “uy Aroq, “sur[poes [Te *y pue ¢ °Z sf DowsoY]Y 1s zs Is 1s 1s os es as 1s 1s 1s Is OGAO Pauraeyepun (ug) orurynog AS peurmzeyepun (ug) oruntiag ST ‘AS pourmzeyepun (Lg) vtunynog 10 vunliag 10d (6-81) VV. Dunoixow (Lg) pruntiag AS ‘WSA ‘HVO ‘ST Pysuosoru (ph) Dmasy LTV pauyweyepun (1g) oruntiag STU s1119700 (81) pyeuayng STI stsuasuin3s00 (81) vausoyny cy waurpio “MoH “ApIGC ]90pa eacSoyausd :SONED $B 9 spuan Doky “eT svayzd S008) :SANAD “way-"Jeny 1yDYyou0W $8.9 mjdedna BEMERIC “SANTD “may 7 “ApIgC vsnvjso BeBSSON “SANDJ. Res. Lepid. 316 804 oy, “Surpady [WATE] 0} SB MORBUZIOZUT ON “sepa ysa10j Buoye qnays Apoom peyrjueprun ue jo seava] [[e uo Suypooy avaroy reysuy 070] oxy xe spr0ser YO, *y puw ¢ sv punos axe syuVpdys0}] “seavaT []e UO Burpeey avare] Teysur 948] Woy axe spr0der [Ty “y pue ¢ sy que -804 OY], “seava] [Te UO ZuIpoes ovarE] reySut aye] [ezaes wow sotveds siqy spioser uezuEr “soavay Jo soprereddn uo yeor exeysuy eye] ‘suTeqo seuxy oy eUL sIESUT A[reG eUTYsUNS 448g anteoar yey) seare Adureas UI} pue g st D127) “santa Plo wo punoy Ayjensn are oyy ‘ovare] 07 oIqe ~qdeooe are soavol [Te YZnoqTy “save WO year sreysut s97@] ‘suTeyD seey exeuT erEySUT AEG “sjuejd amnjeur 0} 8unof woyy efurex pus yeyIqey ay} uo Surpuedap F 40 ¢ ‘z ‘T axe syueidysoy [Ty ‘AMONG Pur ISH J0 SION SwWOUOLE es 3s es és es res Is Is wea tease] 9 663 OGAO Wrs Huuowaes (ty) mayan LVd Ole peurureyepun AW HMs Peurmeyepun (ge) .,snue8 umouqun,, ANUS £Ce s"po (s¢) oraqny OGAD We sisuanBosv91u ST WU siuanSoivoru (96) o4oxy (SeI-dNUS-6L) [C+ wnussxprpuns (gg) wnyjXydosyvg OAD We. v27uasi0 (92) vruoonyy SI peurazeyepun (9h) aoa AS ‘AW peuranezepun (8) m1dos999 SGA ‘UV peurueyepun ST peurmzoyepun (94) 204) WSA ‘dNUS Pysuosoru (W¥) Dwa4y, ‘Ayyeoo7 @ yueldysoH sepjeg 2170209 130009 sopng v7o047 sayeg sapiojissng soqwg ojosjorydt pyorydh roping 01920 soreg oyrunjour sydjepy ‘SANTO sepeds317 24(4):290-333, 1985(86) “sureyp sexy eyeur pus syueyd [[B UT seava] plo Uo pay avareT “Seav9] plo Jo suorZod pageurep uo q1sod1A0 sojeurag “z-Buydes st ouzoyoksg ‘paz Jo Surpass soupy st pus F ‘g ‘Z St DF “seaug] Jo aprsiaddn uo sox Koy} 1049] ‘sureyp suzy oyeur sIEySUr ‘sBuydes 0} s8urpees wo efuer pue ey} uo Zurpuedep » puw ¢ °Z are syuEydysopy “saawa] UO ySer sxEysUY 1978] ‘suTEYD sseqy ayeur sreysu! so8pe ueyredy ‘sepispeor Sucre ore syue[d3s0p] owprreydunayy Aqrurey ey} oy pioser Jensnun ue st sy, “eAydide DuxDS tare] TeVSUY a8] AreyTJos B Woy soreds ary) spiooar simbreyy “p puv g sw sm900 pyewoys ‘suyeyo ssvxy oxvUI pue saavo[ Mou Uo pags prawoyy uo sxeyeu! Ape “pooysnpe 04 soroads s1q3 Sulwax Ut pepasoons jou aay J -Ayrqeooy oures 2y3 Wor syuBjdysoy Jo 398 osIOAIP B oyNb quasaidar sprooar asayJ, “sUTEYD ssBIy UO ySOr svarey “ded 3yBT] UI soava| [[e UO SuTpe9y BAB] TBISUT 248] B WHOIy St pr0daI Jadig *8901} eINyBUI 04 suydes woxy ATTensn ‘y pue ¢ st pue Balog BT 38 980 wourTUI0D 24} eouatIedxe Aur Ut st x971, +900 03 ApexTT exe so8eys Aywo ezoym UO uOeUTZOJUT ou 3Nq opBacoz09 ur satz089789 [[@ se sin990 ATUOUIUIOD es is Ss os 1s os cs 1s 1s es Is Is 1s (OPL-dNUS-18) FC wnwissipipuns (ge) wnpycydookqog S11 WU. peururiejepun pujoyoasg ‘ydosopu (96) DruoSpjzuaq VO ‘AS peurmzayapun (96) ,snua’ umouyuy,, UVvO Diadso (ge) vao1qng ST WH. peurunajepun (91) e1uKDg SCA vsourdsiq (ge) oyawoyg ST Was wnunjaun (ee) 42d SI uadooo (Ly) 20714 “Plog 202407 yp000 “ing sajaydoysaydow puoysdoonay SBD xvydos ‘DuowyDz “ynag vuozy spas0g seplay 22190104J. Res. Lepid. 318 “T Sr queydysoyy “T 1e are syuepdysopy “dno pour 38 sty) ur sayednd Ajjenquana pur sysaz pue ¥[Is YIM Fea] au0 WON dno w surz0j ware oy xDUaY UC ‘907 UOTSse0 -ons Arepuoges 8 st Dui], ‘svare uedo ur queld snoaoequay we st xoUayd “E ue T are squE[dys0H] “g sem quaydysoq, Saxe] reysut 9yv] AreyTJos w WO St PICT SIH], “p pur ¢ are squvjdysoy] “ava -1e] TeySU ae] AreyTJOS WHO are SprODeI asoy,], “opeaooiog ur yuEydysoy ures oy waxy sazsads sty} parvar JoT[eYy “suTeYO ssesy UO ysar sESUT Ty ‘euysuns yyBu2q Ur y pue g axe syuE[dysoH] Aysaung pue IS0H Jo S9}0N D]WOUOIG es es 1s es as 3s 1s es 1s ea tease 9 66g ANUS /adsv (ET) naayzunjayy ‘VO peurmzeyepun (TL-dNUS"18) (Oe wnzopruDshd (1) wnyoag (962-dNUS-18) CU. Pysuouoru (%) pwaay, fS peurmeyepun (99) touayg AN His s21veds paquosapun (ce) oraqopuoy (S¢L-dNUS-18) [U4 wuaass0y (91Z-dNUS"6L) [C4 Pdov0ury99 (6) opuoy OAD “AVO ‘ST 2807/10 (ge) vaoiqng: ‘Ayqe907 8 yueIchsoH “qug vuadcy eudsoryD ‘SANAD “yay 070280)d1q sauajays ByeordIg ‘SQNAD “qe 24727 eravuedsy “SONAD Jopng grorwap “may otuossaf “ynug vrosour asayaeo sapeds319 24(4):290-333, 1985(86) “pooy -q{npe 04 sarsads sty) pareer you aavy | “saAve] TI® UO paay sreysut 1978] ‘saAvay Meu UO paay aBA ~10] 1eysut Js1Ly “seare uado ur syuepd Buyppees uo IT® sprosar uoTytsod1A0 [exaaas Woy sty} P1090 | ‘ape ysaroy Suoye ued amyeur e uo Burpeay aBaze] OT JO YorEq afSuJs B ory st prooOL sy, “OF 07 0g Jo sxoySNI9 Ur S#Bq{ “syuR[ amyuuT oy aptueant wou Suiduer ‘g °% axe sque[dysoyy “DIaNSNp WO pooy -a1npe oj sa1veds s1y} parear you aavy J “sBurppoos Aqjensn are oonsnp “> pue g ‘z are squeydisopy -syueyd amyeur 0) ojfuaanf wouy Suruez F pur g ‘gz st qUE[dysoH] “quejd vare uado We uo oBAZe] 1e}8uI 978] Jo ssuUT v WIO parody -squeyd amyeur 0} Suypees wo 7 puw g ‘% st qUB[dySO}H] “squid ‘amnyvur 0) Sulpess woy Sursuel F ‘g st qUB[d\S0}] D.. 9 wo io . é wo oOo i) é oa. 90 @ 60 wa 60 wa i ws 6 ST peuraezepun (1) pprsne ST peurmayepun (1) ppnsnp OAD Wes 18944078 (1) mpunjaydy ST D7a0W09 (1) epusne ST DG's sisuawound (1) snyjunopyadayy ST peuruajepun (1) viousnp ANUS Puniddep (1) papunjaydy ST WY. peureuzeyepun (et) wmpoqua ST peurueyepun (@) snyjunsowy peuruezapun (1) prune “may saqtupsa “mop oicur “may oya/o BHESED SONED song 7909 ‘B1serq -SANAD soqeg afupunjout yokax) prutop} “HB7] punjduog pasou soreg syoipnogJ. Res. Lepid. 320 “ouyysuns qySuq Jo svare uado uy Surmoz8 yoy uo ova -1B] TeISUT 978] Woy soyoeds s1y} spz09a 49][e ‘qued amyvur 10 opfueant raysIe ‘[ axe syue[dysoHy “syayjd amqeur 04 apruaant wos aSuex pue sepa ueredy ro g axe syuK]dys0H “poam snosoequay ue se saptspeor SuoTe smn990 3904 OYE, “SeAva] [Te UO Burpoey ovary] seysUy 4B] [Brees Woy sepeds sty} spuooal OT[eTy Ayonng pue yS0H Jo S2}ON DJwOoUoIg ws Ss Is 3s 2a 0 é 6 wea feasey 9 663 (1g) sonfissog OGAD Wes s#susoupwoz07 (Ie) ruoypsssog omg? sepreng ‘SQNAD “y psnzanyd Bmpeciq ‘SANTO -amyord 1189) y9[du109 exey poyuaserd sprooez ey], “seded yeu} 0} paxrayar st Japwar oy PUB (BU6T) ‘TP “39 ‘Uostag Aq payodar useq sey Spr09ar yUB|dysOY WHOTY ByS0R JuoUTHIed oy} Jo AING oy], @VNIINOOITSH ‘ATINVAGNS AVCTIVHdWAN ‘ATINVA OGAO ‘dNUS PHOfuIN (ep) ouausny SCA peuturejepun (ST) vrucusa, TO (99-08) VVex Peurmuejzepun (1) ponenp ‘Aype0071 8 1WeIhsoH ypoysuiog runwiffjoy oisaoy Byoojdng ‘SOND “may DzatuD es039L ‘SONAD saqeg 90Kj01d BsseaBMINY :SONTOD sepeds321 24(4):290-333, 1985(86) “spunoduzos Arepuoses proav 07 Aqqeurnsard ‘u1ay8 0} [est uorod Jeo] ay UO aay way pUE Fea] oy} Jo suteA AzOss2008 PUB ‘uwur 94} yno exaowoLED Uo Surpady ware] “382 TH vars] aq} uonoeyy uByd yey 07 88 yoy, Suoure WOTETTWA st Bz9U1J, "80x 38010} BINYHUE 0} aprueant woyy eBuex pur F ‘g ‘Z ore syue[dys0q] -piooax uopyisodiao ue sjuosadar sty “outa Apoom-tu1es quapueos ¥ SB | sf 3U8]d60]] “"y pue g °Z ‘T st uEpdyso}y “(eg6r ‘ue ~urep 298) 9013 qeaxoy v st quE{dysoy oY], ‘suaTeCr yea] oy 3B poay Joye] pue sresut Ajree se J89] 94} UI so[oy exeUT aBATE] 38N3 syrodex UazZUEP “q8010} 24} UI 480q] UO @BATE] Jo 1aysnyo Areyrj08 © wioyy poyzodex st soroads sty], 2 1 1s AW HMe 22100880109 (g) soidayosy (Iet-ANUS"6L) FC. mb (g) vaq020y, (SIT-dNUS-6L) PG« Peuraeyepun AW HMs Peurmeyepun (92) snony “9IC suDB.070 pangoata Ber0047J :‘SONAD (BI) vouDD 09 peurmeypun uuapeg srufiour (9) aortas, peays BHeny ‘SONA OVNIVNVG ‘ATINVAGAS OdAO euodu (st) oreo “pas Dyzdo, UVO ‘AW ‘AS peurmeyepun (1) rupyay soqeg spjauoonay mounsy :SONAD @VNIGVEOV ‘ATINVAGAS (80*-dNUS-6L) FAs 27040p0 (em) mryonqsT sng "ING s1UAOf13na pmnooud OGAO Wes vannd Pyng syoraJ. Res, Lepid. 322 ‘soSpo uerredu so ¢ are sque[dqsoq] “souIA amnqeut 0} sBuT] ~pees wloyy ofuer pue F pur ¢ are syuPTdysopy ‘ondydide axe syueydysoy [py “Areyoosut 84} Ut D7D7IW2 Syy Aq pasn aze YW0q pur “uesaid a19m DupuDjog pus Days YANoyR[e (uIFtI0 uworxay]) quel siy) uO payisodiao Aperuazey -a1d yoo} vory #4809 Jo Sayeuray ‘Arej09sUT 94} UT “was oy} 0} [eISIP senssl} Uo FuIpaay ax0joq suze Jeo] yno sreysur Apreg “squEyd amnyeur 04 But] ~paes woyy aues pur F ‘g ‘Z sv SuUNI00 syuBd uo ysod:A0 sayeurey ‘opAqdida ue st quefdysop oo eo a a 2 Is Is C0Do oO 1s YON SDde wna0} WO wnas0; $ BD DIDAnjos (0v) wnunjog sidouaut YON SDd+ wnaso ST WH. wnyofavoun) ST DOT. wnyojavouny soveg oruyass (OF) wnunjog pruwcjod SpUByooW ‘SONAD D1. Duvoixow (oF) vojnuonp soyeg x0jdos UVO ‘ST Pyzuounau saqeg oyogrut (0) vay sat vovuTeW ‘SANTO “synpe pus seare] ‘8990 0} quouTed wep papnfouT eavy J ys] quaserd oy} UL UONPpE UT “sxexL0M sayI0 £q PorOYyES spr09az 20 98H] SIX 01 SpI0a1 ss9U 10 SUOIIPPE exe spx0D9r ZU{MOTIOS BY], “(8L6T) 19qeH] Wr punoy aq Avur euTTUIOYRT 943 10} sprodex WwE|dysoy UEOTY BIS0D JO ING ay, comsed uado uv ut Surmox8 queyd ~4s0y 8q7 Jo synoxds dumnys oy) uo Zurpo9y Bare] TeIsUY 978] Areyyos w wo sty} syodar sequyy Ayayng pue soy Jo Sa}0N S1WOUOIg Beg feasey 9 663, GVNIIWOHLI ‘A TINVAGNS AW His Hurayyouong queysiq suassaqyo (82) sony auont ‘Ayyes07 9 yueidysoH, ‘sajoads323. 2A(4):290-333, 1985(86) *Kep ay Jo jzed ¥ 3utnp outysuns vedo papiaoid # ‘g ‘Z axe squepdysoy [Ty “A431 [290] ures ay} Wioyy saqoeds asaup} Jo [[e spz099r SINS “won, -pjoen yymou# puooes Kavay ur zno00 Ayyensn pue sqniys Arojsiapun yser0y axe syuBydysopy “y pue ¢ ‘Z are syuBydysopy *(ora109 vsred ‘deuy "g) Sunayrm ® iqeqorg “syugjd amquur puv Zunok se ajqeydoooe st pus qnays qsaz0y Ar0ys1apun ue se sin990 yu dySOP] ssqueyd ammyeur 40 Bunof aq Aew pur } pur g ‘T exe squeydysopy “p puis ¢ are syuedysopyy +p pur ¢ are syuepdysopy es es zs es 3s zs as es 3s es es es es Is 18 Is 1s Is Is 1s Is 1s 1s ‘ungun8nasa}-09901490 YON wnyvjo29un} HON wnasor HON wngjaqun SDd [I%. (OF) wnunjog OGAO Wes wnpnu NOU OOTs wnpnu (0h) wnunjos YON SDds suassasoquo (op) snastuoy NOW DaT. seeds pouruzayapun (0#) & wnosdog STIAS DGT+ setoads pauruuayepun (oy) mitusoyaim L¥d “HON ‘PS ‘AS sua9ses0q10 (ov) snastusy ST OF1« 770010704 (op) saysupio07 AS D&Ts Se100ds paurueyepun YOM SOd« Pa20uD}08 (oF) oBuoyria sahag 1914 vuwsortd ‘SANA sayog DOP vung ‘BrUNBIED :SONGD soqeg sour “ag RING DOU prwajao saqeg DoipjDsay “nig 9 “Ing stuuaso0ddry psvip “may otro vywowyT ‘SANEDJ. Res, Lepid. 324 “Feuqey yETdy90q WO eIEP ON, “eqnays Yyssoud puooes |e axe squEydysopy “yerqey 3UBjdys0y UO wep ON “yeuqey 3Ue[dys0q uo Ep ON, “sued Suydes 40 3uyfpees Ayyensn pue F 10 ¢ °Z axe squETdys0 7 “squgd amyeur 04 afueant woy eduer pue sqniys A1oysiepun axe syuEydysopy “se8pe uemedy pus g are syueydys0q] Aoung pue ysoH Jo Saj0N o}WoUCIg is Is zo 9 zo 8 ws Is zs Is Is 1s ws Is ss Is wea rene] 9 663 NOU ‘AS DG'T« Msaua.g (0h) wnunjog WON SDAI wnpnu AS OT. .8et0eds mou,, (0%) wnunjog YON SOds wnzyaqun (0%) wnurjog umngurSnsa-o3001100 YON SOde wnayaqun (oF) wnumjog SCA ‘VO ‘fs wnyofevoun, (oF) wnunjog AS DOT. wnusnjoou (or) wnaysa9 ST DWT. wnuFnsaf-oaon.400 (oy) wnumjog Auteoo7 B weldhsoH “qea orosnosqo yp 80 BrmAuorad :SQNTD seurey] 219;d0 pruayos ‘epeosda :SONGD yosueeyy azoypa pajona soyeg opidey709 298094) swdpodsy ‘SOND S$ BH Puaunoep psjaoxa SusTeAH -SONAD SBD maz sia4pon :SQNAD “pled Duacyona seeds325 24(4):290-333, 1985(86) uo Surpeey evare] Areqjos wiowy siyy oder | “Aqjeumnyoou py ware] oy], “durems w ut Suydes w uo Sur ~po0 ware] TeySUT 978] AreyTIOs B wIONy STK WOdeT] “durems B UI Suymos# vax} axe] e uO Surpesy ovArE[ eASUY oyB] AreyTOs w WO sINy soda WooByD, “opeys deep uy Suymoz8 yuepd w wrouy ware] reyeu aye] Areqyos B Woy sTy syodex smmbreyy “st[Aqdide ur pozosco axe 46y3 s2A89] Wo pagy aBazer] 9aN} BIB] v Jo aseq ay} 38 ATTENSN ‘opeys esuap ut Suymoxs ‘Arey[08 are #ytre]d490 Fy “syuud amnqeur uo y1s0d1A0 soreurag “p pur g st qUB[dysO}] “sqniys A10}81epun 4ser0J Jo yyMoIT Puooes [Te axe YOY wnuDjog Wor sTy sy0dex FTE “FeIGeY 3UB[dys0q UO IEP ON “seAuey Plo wo s88a exaAas wo sity syoder yZeqrt) es 3s es oS Ss 3s es is ss quowees (61) wnyanyooyy OGAD syDuroxfo (61) snduv20ua1g SI Ole peurmaapun (0g) nazn200¢ ST WU 270U280013u0] (0g) pwoucan avo peurmeyepun (08) aucdosazdéqog epg v7doqcjod sisuapounss “Keg aquoyyoun oydzow :SONFO “yong sngpnapio¥ sq0198D ‘SANGO “qed saporyrur SBD vydosourd voqummy -SANAD AVNIHdHOW ?ATINVAGNS AS DG's sisuacui03s00 (0%) mspuowoydey We .se1oeds ou, auuatfuoo (oF) wnurjog DUT. seeds pouruueyepun (Ov) sayzuD1907 “Taq “yng B42UO] “may uaz0J. Res. Lepid. 326 “soany aBsE] 0} aquoant wou oBuvx pue ¢ 10 | are sque[dysoyy “y 10 g % ‘T aq wo syuB[dysoH] “Buypooy you ways aperq Jeo] 9y} Jo o[pprer oy} Uy ysax ware] “oyKydido ue st piooar paujuuajepun ay, ‘TeuysaLie} Ji swore Adurems uy pue p ‘g ‘z axe syueydysopy “Burpoay you apryas Sanwa] ysoq ayy yo [mex AIfensn pue sxepeey [eusTy -90U are avarey] “890z} 38010} ABB] 0} SBuTTPees woy efuex pue ‘g °% fe are squepdysopy “pouyuoo ways juEId amy WO Av] sopemag “eyuejd poze uydes paw Surpees ‘Ays211Ng PUe YSOH JO S2J0ON JIWOUCIG ease) 9 663 zs Is ws Is zs Is ws 8 ws 8 zs Is eb zs is zs zs és zs és zs is ws 8 eed OGAD mafonu (0g) 80209 ANUS Bafta (0g) prwosouy £S ‘OCAO ‘ST seeds snotea (1g) eruoon aH (80sT-dNUS-28) f+ umnsurd (8) enewoug ST peurwzeyepun SI anuapopsow (9) vowyooy “pstog s014q0f putssvo “yay uodyrs npuyowng soueqdisdQ ‘SQNAD sopng snunisAys snupp qoysvusq ‘SANTO AVNITOSSVUd ‘ATINVAENS TOM (91-08) Wee TY 04 (61) sndavs01ajq (9¢-ANUS-18) fs 28704 (61) e1uaqroq AS ‘AW 21809} pouyuoo,, DuDisiynw (61) ounonyy (TTL-dNUS"18) fC wngnjna01q SCA peuruajepun LIVS'I peuruueyepun WSA ‘HVO ‘OCA ‘ST Hupwaas (61) wnuenyooyy ‘Ayjeo07 9 weysoH sadeq sapiayad sopeds§ 8 24(4):290-333, 1985(86) “wisqTeqruue jnoyy1m Juasard oq Avur sreysut [re ax0ys suorqeSou38e [fours ur are ovare] ATTeNS_) “saavol plo UO BAIR] TeYSUT Oyu] ArBIITOS w WHO prosar sty syoder uoowy “sjuujd esnyour op ajrueant wouy aBues pur F “g ‘Z axe syuEydysoqy “msteqraaeo qnoypim sreysur [fe ureyuoD vu suoTyEde13e puv snouefaid are avarey “syue[d omen 04 aytueant woyy aux pur F “¢ ‘Z are squydsoH “sreysut Te 0} e1qeideooe axe soavay [Ty “HEI oures ax} UO S19} -snp yeseAes Ae] [TIA Way} pure (GT-Z) #889 Jo s10y -snpp [jews ysodra0 sopouag ‘syuEId amyeur 0} ayfueant woxy afues pur F 20 ¢ ‘z axe sytre[d350}] ST O]+ Punrysiow (0g) audsouaisy OAD ‘ST “AVO satdeds snore (12) puoonezy sep]oy, snag0 LIVI TO ‘AS ‘ST ‘OAD “UVO setseds snorwa -“yrug snupjns (12) pruoonaHr snyoopina OGAO ‘LV ‘AS ‘fS se1oeds snores (12) vruoonagy se[peg uoumaw -Areyoasut oy) Ur PUB Pay ay7 UI yIOq “1E0d!A0 0} snjNUINS B PUB JUBTdySoy se aasas [ILM Diu091]9f7 Jo saroeds uv yeyy punoj avy | 01702 Jo sarpnys Supra Avr Uy ‘PLLOM PIO 247 0} aarqwu st Dsnyy ‘yueId peonpoxUt ue ojuo uoTyerpes & sytasosdar A[uTe 20 SIy) JeAaMOT] “DENY WOH 01103 p1odeq 07 auNyuIE}T] 3UB]dysoy oy} UI WOUTUIOD Sf I] “LLONes *Aypeumnyou poey 28a -2e] ‘aT Buay pautguod v w10Ny S14} s}1Odar oreqND -qeox0y ayy Uy SuyMouS syuejd alfuaant uo Surpass evare, wloxy sty} syzoder oreqny “Aqyeumnyoou paay yor ova -z8] 1eysUy Oye] WoUy seqoads SII sYOdax UOORYD, O88) ‘SONED (oe) ,coquieq o130xe,, replay vopawoady puaxkjod sqawydsag :-SONGD SGA OU peurutejepun (os) «14, jueysiq snupyp50q ALVd Ol peuraiieyepun (pe) vanbsnyy S 0 wakurpnojsd. Res. Lepid. 328 sunotung 303 3420 “x0 sBurppoes axe pu pg °g [Te axe syuepdysopy vede8 aqaq] popeys Tea ur Bupm990 sHuNpoos [Te axe syuE]dyso}] ‘sears Adurems pepeys [le uy Zuumss0 sBurppees [Te axe syUETdysop] ~wnsyreqraueo qnoyys sreqsur [je uy quasaid oq AoW puw snowredeag axe avarey ‘sjueyd amqvur 0} oprueant woy ofuer Kom puw y ‘g “% are squMdjooqy Ayseung pus ys0}] JO Sej0N D1WOUCIg ts 3s ws 3s es 3 ws 6 es 38s Is Is Is Is wo % weg rea] 9 663 (v8) 2o20uapromg OGAO SOWs peurmejepun (¢) wnorung ST peurmuoyepun ($2) vaysnqo SI peurmzoyopun (08) autBouajsy ‘UNL ‘ST se19ads snopes (12) vruoonayy OGAO Whe 2Hofzuns0w (S¢) vay2n109 OGAD vYsDds1407 (1@) oruoonaqy ST pourmayopun (08) aduaing ST peurmzoyepun (08) pwowoag SBD aorpopryd sysdoqAQ -SQNAD $B susosouvsur Dyaqjoy “qeq puny ‘S91 “SANAD “may oayod opeoind :SANAD GVNIYALVS ‘A TINVAGNS $1 seeds snouea (12) oruoonary ‘Ayye207 @ welchsoH TeTOY snauoyy:329 24(4):290-333, 1985(86) “p pur g “z are syue[dysopy “y pur ¢ °z are sjue[dysoyy “Atraaey Ayzoyynq Aue Joy puooar ysoy [ensnun AqqaLY & sx STH “syERIqUY ysoxoFUTeZ Popeys [Tam ur syuns) aaz} uo ssour oyAydida we st wey AyEOFY “sepa ysaloy Suoye Surmos# syuefdysoy uo Surpaoy ovary] Areqt]os woxy saqoads sity syiodax uazuep ‘suonjenqis weedy so Adurems yy1M payeroos -se Ajjensn seee uado ur ansvo syuepdysoy “yymox3 seu quepunge Yyym syuyd Bunk uo prey are s82q ‘(se8uys Jaye] UT Way) pareer quy A[UO envy J) Avytfos oq 09 svadde sxeqsur s09Ry ‘snowed -o18 axe suwysut Apeg “Sapa ysai0y 10 Sapa ueuedu Suoye spueys asuap se inov0 syue[dysopy ssuoreagya ySty 32 seaze uado ut spueys asuap ut ano00 squepdysoyy ws 1s es Is es Is es Is es Is as é Is % @D+ 60 es Is LY ‘OAD ‘AS ‘ST SOW. wnornyzio (8¢) myauriojag ‘UVO peuueapun COTA setveds pauruuoyapun AS ‘OGAO ‘ST SOWs stpzuczti0y (se) myeursojag OAD SOW. P27Inpun (62) sisdosayoaqy (966-dNUS"18) [C+ 270/170) (8) 24470 VO ‘HTE epinzny (G1) snaada L¥d ‘d00 peurueyepun (pg) vanbsnyg, WO ‘dOO peurueyepun reg 1poomysam saying visaf “ug 9 “Ing vADJoSUt erppaydng :SANGD “IQ ppawoupun smesseL :‘SQNED “MoH B I99M Oye vuromss2Q -SNAD “nag “Ing vaIUABL0J. Res. Lepid. 330 “400]) 89105 Apeys ayy uo (vay30]029 pus sued) sBurpaas 10 (ssvi8) sduinpo payejost se nooo syuRidysoy [IV ysou0y uado uy sdumjo yews uy siov0 wejdysoqy ‘sdez yst] pue sa%pa Auuns Suope zno90 syuEAysoH *saauy Jo saseq ye puv sded qyBy uy sduanjo poyejost uy ano90 swueydysopy “p pur g°z axe squeydysoxy ‘Aza11Ng Pue JSOH Jo Se}0N BJWOUOIG ws 2s ws ws ws ws ws zs 2S ws as ws 2s zs IS ws IS zs 18 ws Is ws Is ws 18 eed ase @ 663 $I paurmzayepun (92) vays00y HWO ‘ST DISasu09 (0g) vwouoay OAD ST SOW. paurauayapun (0g) aduagng UO paurusayapun OAD SOW. Pautuueyepun (gg) wnotung LLY SOW. pauwuejapun (eg) ,,Se8seu8 snouea,, OGAO ‘ST SOWs ?21pur (g€) aursnayq VO paurwzoyepun 1 SOI peuruseyepun (eg) snygupuyaz ALY SOW. peurauajyspun (ge) snuawsydQ OGAD ‘AS SOW. PeuTauejepun (ge) auisnarg ‘VO peurueyepun AS SOWs wnouiyzn (ge) pjausojag Ayyeoo7 B yue|disoH pneyg vsnfuoo saying siwayy soping DyDzIsn BISSID ‘SQNUD “qeq vapuso BpAdnar0[Y) -SONAD “qny Duyow sareds331 24(4):290-333, 1985(86) ‘apeys ysoz0 aq} UIyIIM Af[euoIsBII0 ‘yy4018 puodas ATTENsN ‘svare Aauns uado ut stempe youre yuE[dysoq] “sepa ys0r0} Buoye 10 4yso20j au} uy sdumnjo payBfost ur mn990 sye[dqsoH “so3pe 48010} Suoye 10 svare ado ut sdumjo payejost se mno00 syuvydysoqy “sepa s0 yseu0y uado ‘A194 Uy modo syue[dysoqy “s0q9I] puw UONWeIZ0A Aqreou uo yuefdysoy oy} JJo sysodiao ejeuray “kep ay} Jo awry euios ye aurysuns qoaxp st azay paptaoud F pur ¢ are syueydysopy ‘apo ysox0 Suoye Surmos8 sevi8 ev uo Surpaay Bare] reySUT a8] Arext[Os w WO] papz0d9x St STI, “ysau0y Apeys ut sdumyo payejost ur anov0 squeydysoxy “sIBISU! [[8 0} a[quideooe arom sosse13 snoLeA 40 saavay [Vy “A[SuIs pre] are se ‘Aqandeo uy ssde8 4481 oBze] uy sdumnzo [Te1 “ysny ur sin990 4S0y oy, “uoNeIeZea pap Aquvau uo ATyensn ‘syuejdysoy oy 3yo Aqurs porrsodap axe sa ay, es es es es zs zs zs zs es es as x S ST'AS SOW. peurueyepun (8) wnat OAD “LY SOW. peuruueyepun (g) auisnayy AS ‘OGAO ‘ST SOW. peurmeyepun (ge) ..s8es8,, AS ‘OGAD ‘ST SOW. seeds snowea (ee) aussnang AS ‘OGAO ‘LV SOW. peuruezepun (gg) .,8essea8 snojzea,, AS ‘OCA ‘ST SOWs pauyueyepun (eg) 8088813 snowea,, LV ‘ANUS wnusxow (ee) wnorung OdAO SOW. peuruseyapun (€8) ..88848,, VO peurwsoyepun (gg) .,ssB33,, AS ‘OGAO ‘$7 Paurmarepun (€¢) wnomung ST SOWs Prep esnoquaess (gg) .,se8sea3 snouea,, SI SOW. peurueyepun (ge) ,,sesseus,, “qeg sowsoy “psiog, ponjpjau yezINng auorsay “IQ pypuas “ry akqyy ARC's zowo# HB C'S vsnfuooopnasd Jepng vpojod ToyAING 2q0)J. Res. Lepid. 332 -yoo] ony) Jo ourds peuyuza} ay} uo paysodap s} 380 ay, “sepa uetredt pue sasoy Suoye syayoty) asuap sv InD00 syuETdysopy “ATjeunqoou paey aware] ay, “Areqos are srvisut 1070] ‘snowreder# are sreqsuy Apreg “seSpe weedy pue 48010} BuoTe sy2¥91Y} esuap se INd90 syUEAySOF] -Adouwo ysa10y ayy Ur sem | apy srEfNOUTG YIM wees se wortsodiao ue st prover AY “sepa yso0y Buoye 10 ysas0y deap uy Suro -00 sSuypaes moy saisads siyy syiodax 4ar[eyy “Afpeuanyo0u paey avare] ayy, “se%pa ysar0y Buoys queydysoy Jo pues asuap & uo Burpeay ova -z8] TeysUY aq] Woy saqseds sq syodax wooRYD) “sepa ueuedds 10 ‘s[r83 pus saprs -peor Suoye seaze uado ym uy ano00 syu]dysoH Ayieung pue ysoH jo S}0N S!WOUOIg fase 9 663 Is Is wo oOo ao o ws 3s es 3 es 3s Bea 1a peurazeepun (We) vanbsnyy LVd ‘dO peuruuayepun (pg) vanbsnyg ST peuruzoyopun (PT) snyqunj9KQ OGAD Wes 29977 (g@) vaysm09 LVd Ole paurwioyapun (pe) vanbenyg UVO peurmeyepun (ee) ,8823,, UVO ‘HT en/nz0) (GI) snandory ‘Ayyeoo7 @ yueIcsoH "IQeq apuupens sHjerq -SQNAD \LINS”' SUD sapm0y709 asHoIg ‘SONGS “1 aouoqun BypAdnesew :SANTD sepng snuaydtod aeyyng 7x19 seeds333 24(4):290-333, 1985(86) “paivai jou ovale] sire Joa] Ut 8BB9 AB] sopeurog “soSpo so ysoz0y ay) UT svaze ApBys Ut spueys asuap Ut Ind90 syuE[d SOY “wrays ureur ay zwau seaea] paysoyas ays Jo s[ixe aug ut ASUS S39 Av] soyeureg “rHySut ysx sed pareas you arom avare] $A[uo psodes uoMUsodiso ue se payiodar st sty, -sde3 yyBt] po ut Jo0y sas0j ay uo sdumyo ajuaant ‘payejost ut angv0 syueydasoyy as UVO ‘dOO ‘H'Td peuwierspun (pg) Danbsnyg OO pautwusayapun (pg) panbsny) Ls quoxpw (pg) wnpppopidiyay SBD Issaso4 smmuasieqeg “SQNTO SBD vsawass pqiesa “may Dusadiod seporeped ‘SQNAD