417-25/CL(PORRESTAL, James V.) 4 10 ocr toy ‘The proceedings of the board of investigation, the proceedings ant findings of the board of investigation in revision, ‘and the actions of the convening ani reviewing authorities thereon in the attached case of the late Mr. James V. Forrestal, are approved. ¥ ¢and treatuent given to Mr. Forrestal during his stay at the Navel Hospital were entirely in accord with modern psychiatric principles, and that his death was not due to the negligence, fault, intent, or inefficiency of any of the physicians, nurses, or ward personnel concerned in his care, 4 Cy yp Subscribed and sworn at Washington, District of Columbia, this Lt? aay of Saptonber, 1949, before me, “) \wotary Fable (He SH My commission expires _]- ahDR.JONN C.WHITEHORN " JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL ay BALTIMORE, MARYLAND. ot i 210 Northfield Place,” Baltimore, 10 Mdey) .! Sept,13,'1949,. . - Rear ore Judge Advocate General of the Navy, , Navy Department, Washington, 25 D.C, i us Dear Sir: The proceedings and findings of the board of, investigation in the case of the late Mister Janes to me by Lt, Comar, thin morning, In our, telephone conversation yesterday... and practice involved, The firet question: In general, in tho’ oarevand treatuent of a depressed patient with euicidal poten- tiglities who is showing indications. of recovery, is. it proper peyehiatric practice to increase the range of the patient's activities and to decrease the restrictions and supervision? 6 The answer to this question is;definitely,| "Ye Not only is this a permissible and’ humane way of’ dealing, with a sensitive person, but there are clinical ¢on- . ditions in which the maintenance of unduly tight2. aa DR.JOHN ¢.WHITEHORN YORNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL BALTIMORE, MARYLAND restrictions may seriously hinder the patient's recovery. The second question was concerned with the applica» pility of these general principles to this particular cages-whether the cofdition and progress of’ Mister” ~ Forrestal, as a patient, justified the relaxation oft strict surveillance which apparently made possible his successful guicidel act. Because I have not had the clinical advantege of personal examination ofthis patient, which is of course the most reliable beets’ for clinical judgment, I have examined ‘the proceedings of the board of investigation with great cere, including the accompanying nursing notes. It is clear that there orders, responsible for his suicide, and the clearly whether Dr. yas the respon= sible psychiatrist in charge of the: patient's care, had exercised proper psychiatric judgment /in -his stecdetons a8 to orders. which involved the taking: of coiichnavgds risks, The facts gathered in the board's’ investigation \ atianep indicate adequately that careful and-proper- was exercived, and that Dr, Raines’ decisions were’ ¢gensible and proper, F“Se ; OR.JOHN C. WHITEHORN, Z JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL t BALTIMORE, MARYLAND this connection it is appropriate to poin’ that a contrary line of treatment, involving # continuance of very sharp restriction and supervision, would ‘also have involved the taking of risks,-eapecially rinks! of the pationt‘s develfjing and establishing a settled” pattern of self-distrust and self-depreciation, to which : depressed patients are particularly liable} end-whieh may deepen and prolong tha depression, Furthermore) even the strictest: nursing restrictions and: supérrision cannot completely guarantee against suicide, partictlar- ly if © Keen-minded and quick-acting person Like Mister Forrestal is made antagonistic by irksome) °° limitations at e time when his range of: interebts is! inereasing. ‘There are riskés, therefore, .of one Kind: or another, in the making of every such decision. In theipase/ot ; a 80 distingui§fed a person as Mister Forrestal, ‘there 0 by hey my would have been much incentive to follow, theimore-)., a conservatire, restrictive regime, Dr. (decisions. 2 2 displayed courage in the application of psychiatric” principles to provide the best chances for good réeqrery. BE For this he should be commended. : 3 Sincerely yours atte aei JB serdek and rwrn Legos ne Bhp Pclie td Bay og Sep tomlin , (949 aga), kbde USM tee bbe. a AL Oeiz, Pe | baving been duly eworn, do depose und say: That I received my degree,of Doctor of Medicine, from Jefferson Medical College in Philedelphia in 1911; that I have been engaged'in the study end practice of psychiatry exclusively since 1923, including service in France in World Wer I, as Divisional Psychia— trist to the 28th Division; that I am a Diplomate of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, Inc, ané a former Member of the Board and ex-President; that I have occupied various important psychiatric positions in the past, including Professorship of Mental and Nervous Diseases, Jefferson Medicel College, Philadelphia, and Professor of Peychiatry and Montal liyglene, Yale University; that I am @ member and a forner President of the American Peycliatric Association, and a member and former Vice- Presidsat of the American Neurological Association, and a member of many scientific and learned societies in the United States and abroad, including the R. yl Wedico-Psychological Association of Great Britain; that I am the author of @ munber of books and many treatises pertaining to the subject of psychiutry; that my important present positions are Professor of Paychistry and Chairman of the Depertment, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Professor of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Consultent end Chief-of-Service, Institute of the Pennsylvania Hospital, end many other positions.I further depose and say that I have carefully ex- amined the proceedings end findings of the Board of Investigation in the case a! the late Mr. James V. Forrestal, Included in the examination of thes: ‘ocumente there was the testimony of the various physicians who abtenced and mere in contact with Mr. Forrestal, the testimony of Dr. _ * the corpsmen, all the medicsl and mrsing records, the letters, the photographs and, in fact, all the documentary exhibite pertaining to this case. & My considered opinion is in complete accord with "The Finding of Facts". These constitute the final opinion of the Board of Inve tigation and concern (1) The i@entification of the body of Mr. James V. 2 Forrestsl; (2) The approximate date of the death of itr, Forrestal and the medical canse of death; (3) The review of the behavior of the deceased éuring his residence in the Bethesda Naval Hospitel, end the didgnosis of his mental condition as "mentel depression"; (4) The review of the treatment and precautions in the treitnent of ir, Forrestal, end en opinion that "they were within the are of accepted psychiatric practice and commensurate. with the evident status of the patdent at all times"; (5) That dn no manner was the death of Mr, Forrestal due to "intent, fault, negligence or inefficiency of any person or persons in the Naval Service or connected therewith".‘ \ HEADQUARTERS POQMAGSRIVER NAVAL COMMAND, j UNITED STATES NAVAL GUN FACTORY = i WASHINGTON, D, Cc. & IROL/AL?-25(140) fe 13 UL Serial No. . | | The proceedings and finding, in revision;-of the board) lof investigation in the case of the late Mr. James V. Forrestal, lare approved, Rear Admiral, U.S» Navy t Commandant, Potomac River Naval Command i ee 4daly 13, 199 ‘che proceedings and finding, in revision, of the Board of Investiga~ tion in the Foregoiny case of the late vir. James V. Forrestal, are ap~ proved. : RMAR ALMERAL, “MEDICAL CORPS, U. S. NAvY, | | MEDICAL OFETCER IN COMMAND, NATIONAL NAVAL MEDICAL CENTER, | ‘ BETHESDA, MARYLAND, savior OFFtCER PRESSIT. \ : i | i i } i i: | { | i ‘| | € | | . | |NATIONAL NAVAL MEDICAL CENTER, BETHESDA, MARYIAND 13 duly 19h [proms ‘The Medical Officer in Command. ido: Captain / _ MC, U. S. Navy (Ret.) Active, k Senior Member, Board of Investigation, U. S. Naval Hospital, National Navel Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, Board of Investigation Cnvened at the U. S. Naval Hospital, i National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, on 23 May ] 199 to Investigate and Report Upon the Circumstances Attending 1 the Doath of Mr. Janes V. Forrestal at the U. S.Neval Hospital, [ National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland. omens (A) Fifth endorsement Seclay to JAG in case of subject investi- |. gation. (8) Sixth endorsement JAG to NOTC dtd 13 July 49 in case of i subject investigation. hh. ‘The record of proceedings of the board of investigation of which you ave senior member, in the case of lir. James V. Forrestal, is herewith returned to the board. 2, Attention is invited to the enclosures wherein it is recomended that ‘the board be reconvened for the purpose of further deliberation with a view of fixing the time of Mr. Forrestal's death as definitely as possible. 3. The board will reconvene for the purpose stated in the preceding para~ greph. At the conclusion of the proceedings in revision, the record will be returned to the convening authority. Rear Admiral, Medical Corps, U. S. Navy, Medical Officer in Command Nationa] Naval Medical Center Bethesda, MarylandNATIONAL MAVAL MEDICAL CENTER BETHESDA, MARLAND 13 JULY 19h9. | The Board of Investigation reconvened by direction of the convening authority for the purpose of further deliberation with a view of fixing the tine of Ur, Forrestalts death as definitely as possible, | The board reviewed ite original report end the endorsenents thereon. In review of” the findings of the board it was evident that the vhraseology of the first line of paragraph two under the Finding of Facts stating"'that | the late Janes V. Forrestal died on or about May 22, 1919" was not an exact | statenent of the facts determined by the board and therefore in agreement | with endorsement five this statement is herewith changed to read "That the {late Janos V, Forrestal died about 1:50 asm, on Sunday, wey 22, 9g." i Serr = } ‘ Medical torps, U.S: Navy (Ret.) I Active, Senior member, ! pe — apa ar Corps, ee member.” ope cone Tear ‘ Corps, U. 86 Nay, menber. Comander % _ seen Corps, U. 8. Navy, member. | enant Commend: | ybdical Comps, U.S, Navy, maiber. i da ana Sere edidal Service Corps, U.S. Navy, recorder. | | |emer OF HE HSE ADVIEN «= AL Aili ase TEAE OFFICE OF THE JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL WASHINGTON 25, B.C. Jari 18 July 1949 SIMta ENDORSE 4 from: The Judge Advocate General ~ ns Medical Officer in Command National Naval Medical Genter Bethesda, Maryland Subject: Board of Investigation - Death of James V. Forrestal, civilian; convened by MOIC, NatNaviiedCtr, Bethesda, Md., (SOP), 22 May 1949. BE Returned, for compliance with paregraph 3 of the preceding endorsement. 2 Upon accomplishment , return the Record if Proceedings to the Judge Advocate Generel via the Commandant , Potomac River Nevel Command. Rear Admiral, U.S. 3. Judge Advocate General of the Navy Comat., FRECTHE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON To: The Judge Advocate General. Subject: Board of Tnvestigation - Death of James V, FORRESTAL, civilian; convened by IDTC, NatNavidGtr, Bethesca, wa. {S0r), 22 Yay 1949. 2. Heturned, 2. ‘The Secretary of the Navy is of the opinion that ‘the uanguage in paragraph 2 of the Finding of Facts, dated July 41, made by the Naval foard of Investigation appointed to inquire @ suicide of the former Secretary of Defense, James Forrestal, is ambiguous and i11 advised in the following particulers: : {a) the first Line of paragraph 2 under the "Finding of Facts" states, "that the late James V. Forrestal died on‘or about lay 22, 1949." the record indicates that wr. Forrestal's body was found at 1:50 aon, and that he was pronounced dead at 1:55 a.m, ‘This, taken in cormection with the two words "or about" in the languagé quoted above, would indicate that the Board of Investigation could not determine whether tr. Forrestal died before midnight or after midnight, and would 2 at least imply that his whereabouts was not known during that period of time, vith the possible deduction from such a. statement that he nay have’ junped out of the window before midnight and that fact not have been i:soim to the staff. 3. In view of the above it is recommended that the recor te returned to the convening authority for submission to the Board or the purpose of further deliberation with a view of fixing the tine of ifr. Forrestal’s death as definitely as possible, For ae, it could be stated he died about 1150 a.m. on Sunday, ely and accuretely reflect the Anta May 22, 1949, or whatever would defini fact as found by the Board,1a core 0 Te ‘nae is it. 7 Navy Deparment er A Ae ‘ie OPRICE OF THE CHTEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS SAVINGS 8 Wasarneton 25, D. C. : cer ciboRsEamy ~1 Jun 1949 Chief of Seeretin; “: Board of Tnvestiigs.tion — pewth of Jones ¥. Forrestal, givilien; convened ay WIC, fatlieviiedObr, Bothesia, Hd., (S0P), 22 vay 1949.Pers-3201 20 Bnd -3 fe, ant From: The Chief of Waval Personnel. Tot ‘The Seoretary of the Navy. Vier The Chief of Naval Operations. Subj: Board of Investigation ~ Death of James V. Forrestaljcivilian, conv. by HOIC, NatNawed0tr, Bethesda, Md., (S0P),. 22 May 19]9. 1. Forwarded, recommending approval of the proceedings: and findings of the Board of Investigation in the attached case and the actions of the Convening and Reviewing Authorities thereon, subject to the remarks of the Convening and Reviewing Authorities. The. Chel of Navi PersonnelBOMED~1.1-TBP: emi Po-2/E1 2 June 1949 WASHINGTON 25, B.C. End=2 on Record of Proceedings of Board of Investigation of May 23, 1949. (saGsT:42NSredn, A17-25/LL(Forrestal, Janes V.) Bnd. #45181 of 7 June 1949. To: ‘the Secretary of the Navy Vit (1) The Bureau of Neval Personnel (2) Chief of Naval Operations Subj: Board of Inves. death of James V, Forrestal, civilian conv. by YOIC. NetNevledctr, Bethesda, Md, (SOP), 22 May 1949. 1, Forvarded, contents noted. iL Reer Admirell/ (wo) Usk. Acting Ohiéy of Bureauerrczce toe snes enn Ao Gras: 0a iE JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL gage Frais: ean OFFICE OF TH ook A17225/L(Forresta,James ¥,) WASHINGTON 22. p.6. ° Bnd: #45181 7 June 1949 Bnd The Secpotary of the Navy Uhief, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery Juief of Naval Personnel (5) chief of Naval Operations. Subj: Ba, of Tnves. - Death of James V. FORRESTAL, civilian; conv, dy MOIG, NatMavMed@tr, Bethosde, Md. ,(SOP), 22 May 1948, ruarwet for information. 2, Subject to the remarks of the convening and reviewing authorities, the proceedings in the attached case and the actions of the convening and rerieving authorities thereon are legal. By direction of the Judge Advocate Generel: “buRECORD OF PROCKEDING: IN aVISTON ofa BOARD OF INVESTIGATION Convened at the NATIONAL NAVAL MEDICAL CINTT2, EMTWTSDA, MARYLAND, By order of The Medical Officer in Command, National Nevel Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland. Jo Anquire Into and report upon the circunstances attending the death of the late James V. Forrestal, ‘that occurred on May 22, 19h9, at the U. S, Naval Hospital, National Naval Vedi¢al Center, Bethesda, Maryland. waly 13, 1919as) jee POTOMAC RIVER tal, ‘COMMA ND TTED STATES NAVAL GUN FACTORY WASHINGTON, D. C. CL /AL7+25 (140) ode 22." ae Noe 46074 6 JUN i949 nvestigation in the atbached cese, and the action ng authority thereon, are approved. iow Reag/Admiral, U. 5. Navy Commandant, {Potomac River Naval Gor : Qhe proceedings and finding of facts of | 2) aftEly. aoe L® JUN 1945 [BERICE OF supe ee Sten the board of of the conven- ramanda eh Fiuvine oF Pacts. on the Ledge outside of room three eighty-four of iidiag ode of the .s"'aan] saval j.ediea? Venter ab one-fifty aoa. ce grosmaced end 2% one Tifty-Pive a.ms, Sunday, wey 22, 2919, i sdentified oc tint of the lave genes ¥. Forrestal, a patioat on tho | vopsyslintrio Service of the U.S. HavliYospitel, uation? Naval | 20a] Center, Bethesde, “eryland. ' Le Jat the body fou deceased during the perica of-his stay in the sat the behavior of | husyital preceding his death was indicative of a mental depression. Pe eat ‘ren ttient aid precautions in the conduct of the case were in Guysenent wth escopted psychiatric practice and commensurate with the : status of the ,wtieut at ell times. 5 «the death war uct caused in/say manner by the intent, fault, igenee or inefticieney of any Jerson or yersons in the neval ‘Lee or connected therewith.i 1 i i SAQLOUAL HAVAL VEDIOAL GHEIER, BEGSDA, MARYLAND, toe] officer iz vows ne 20a the elroums, the late Janes. ¥, iho, at tho Us 8. hava ORL OF PROCEEDINGS of a BOARD OF TIVES TrGA TEU Gonvened at the By order of \aryland. rvestal, Hedioal venter, Bethesda, Laryland. i say 23, lho. i, Uetional Haval Liedical center, Bethesde, ees attending the death co! jospitel, National Naval“aout of Prospedings of a i yoard ef investi gesion i vouvened at the \ : ationsi 01 edien] Center, Bethesda, varylant, i | | : By order of i we -xtioul Ufficer in versiond, jictional Havel vedioal Center, Bethesda, haryland sire dato and reyort {ison the siFounstaaces abtending the death of the Lite Jones y Forrestal time ceurred on Jay 22, Wily, ot the Y. S, uawl Hospital, etional staval Je@icn] enter, Bethesda, Lorylunds iay 23, pho. i ‘ j Ina | page | H gekayee eition LeTeeaphlilerarg! «) pe WOME. ~~} lous + = eee i i eps ogra oe a Peels. oped 59 | cakion of S6W)ip sus! lei pens Sale syacr enema | 2 Koons sixtess efjitoes and sixtecn twenty Beil lag ome, bational teal center, I Bet. “ia, maryland . . Beatin reece 0) aE i i i { view. scene of Lont: Balentieny cake gircens- pe Dyareyreccesp. |; G[s eke oes @ tis ae hh wy Tan OR Beene tontaavaneds 2. v= sg Gees tou sb aly 708 38 Tntrevwction of photogreoas of the poey of the deceased. » 2 Tntrsc ston of phove ra hs of seenes of Roan sixteen o: 0en and Youn Sisters twenty aad outédde ‘of ! sodioal Venter, Bethesda, , Som oy oMush dof the deceased... 0... 8 tion On Mee Meppoacd | sa Ewe elisha e » 6B ceou or ghotog 1 injuries taken ii: Sistely preeed: fied iiNet Nien (58 inire intion of letter of Povtor Am | ae Tub “Lon ox letter oF Lestor Pinney, Jor. pe ee ee eee ee ee A oe averi.getion Fininhedy s+ fee et te ee ak af) PARE wit WE) Bile PrwoePW RE RINT & miu chief, Ue S. Mev. + 3, » Captain, vedicel gorps, U.S. alany 5 through iy 56 through 60 » dowmuender, .eéhoc vorps, U.S. Hane « ‘Ly through 18 for, edice Corps, rer + + 18 through 23 der, j.edicsl Corps, Slee U Bean vines” ov -Bhkrig Pogo... of two pages.' edie vnrgs, ¥. 8. Jovy 29 through 33 4. soon class, J, 8, sary 3k through 36 an hospi talon, Lieutonant junior grade, Legion} Service corps, U.S. Havy. ss eos ee es 36, 37 Horpitalnan chief, U.S. Navy. + 37 38 ear Aduirel, Ledicni Gorge, UsS.iawy » 38, 39 >tein, sedical Corps, V.S.tiavy 39 cutezant junior grade, wovel weserve. s+ + + e+ Oy Ub HS Vowamnder, j.odioal Junior, Hospite] apprentice, see eee ee OF through 46 can Bila cA: od eee tras 2 apprentice, U.S. Hew un at, Horse corps, U.S. 7 : eeu re Wo JPM ANN Te) Fee oe (9AB5 5052 s tn th 10: Tilia MVP wie) vies hes Bly BE wiertenmut jidor gre, U. 8. Hawal se + 55, Sh 5h, 55 ia, vedio eorps,on Page io. atures ov body a deceased, | ioite Marre GMAT sn ao 6 | agraphe of Ros sixtecn viigitoon due i feo: tuouty aac ~windue of Sublding : o, 8tionel aye vedival veuter, | Sthesda, “avylami. so se i i bite 2a through 2k... ete ee sensed, | Ah Gagne ss Bl i A Noe Matti 37 ajuties ken Pee i nes NET i = Bt Ss ' j i i | { i | 1 } |= i a NATIONAL NAVAL. : MEDICAL CENTER, BETHESDA’,’ SME RYTA ND 22 May. ‘ip = From: The Medical Officer in Command. ie Tos Captain Aclpfar A. Warsteller, MC, U.S. Navy (Ret.) Active, National Naval Nedical Center | Bethesda, Maryland | sub): A Board of Investigation to inguirs into and report upon the circumstances attending the death of Mr. James V. i Forrestal. 2 ard of Investigation consisting of yourself as Sésior/Menber and t a MC. U. 8. Navy, Captain | U. 8. Kavy, Commander 1 UG, Us S. Navy: ddl Gomnander » WG, U.S. Navy, a8 additional mexbers and Lieutenant WSC, U.S. ewy, ag recorder, Will convene | at the J. 8. Naval Hospital, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, . (Maryland, at the earliest opportunity for the purpose of iaguiring ints “and resorting upon the circumstances attending the, death of Ur. Janes | Forrestal, waich occurred on Mey 22, 2949, at the U.S. Naval Hogpital, National. Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland. 2 aes ‘The Board is hereby emponered and directed to administeri’an oath to iness attending to testify or depose during the course of the pro~ each | ceedinys of the Board of Investigation. 3. The proceedings of the Board will be conducted in accordance with the provisions of Chapter X, Naval Courts and Boards, and a complete Finding j of Pacts submitted. | 4. {he attention of the Board is particularly invited to. the:.provisions of sections 731, 732, 733, 734 and 735, weval Courts and Boards... 5. By copy of this precept, the Commanding Officer, U. 5: waver Hospital, National Naval Nedical Genter, Bethesda, Maryland, is directed’to furnish the necessary clerical assistance. | | t i Tr j ‘ ‘ REAR ADMIRAL, MEDICAL CORPS, ‘U«SS% wav, MEDIOAL OFFICER IN COMMAND, NATZONAT!NAVAT MEDTOAL ‘CENTER| | BETHESDA, MARYIAND SENIOR OFFICER, PRESENT. a Ge &hs: a MATOOWAL NAVAL i:EDICAL CBNTER} BETHESDA, WARYLAAD. f MONDAY, MAY 23, 1949. the how's uot ab 12h ees xetien) vorps, U. 8. law (Ret.) Active, | Seap tain 2, Yodioal verge. U. 8. Mavys | cap tei. setical gorys, Us 8. lavys Con E edical vorps, U.S. Navy, and Lisa womsbsader 1 eddesd Gongs, Ue So Navy, Tim odieal gervice corps, Us S. Navy, recorder, a8. » civilian, wae introduced se reporter, ' jme coucaing order, herote prefixed, vas read, and the board determined | jupon ix: vroeedure and decided to eit with closed doors. i fo witnesses not otherwise seswcted vith the investigation wore presens. | ‘The door amounced thet it would adjourn to the siorgue et the Us S. Hawed | wedicai School, Hetional Javal Medieel genter, Bethesda, Maryland, for the | purpose of viewing the body. ime mexs-2rs of the board examined the body and identified it as:that of the Rate Jaco y. Horrestal, and resommended that ua eutopey be made. tne nenvors of tiie board then proceeded to Room sixteen eighteen, tover Jsixteen, uilding one of the Notional siaval Hedical Center, Bethesda, jarylavc, and viewed the room occupied by the late James y. Forrestal Jand the:: roceeded to Room sixteen twenty, the galley on tower sixteen of ‘uiidi:., Gae of the Hationn] uovel Vedical denver, Bethesda, Heryland, for | tho pos "2 af viewing that roa <: eg of Cio board tim receded to the scone of the landing of the uoeys wed Wut fw audy nuded on the roof of the second deck, ona ic | vith the thiré dees, striking firet a ledge of the fourth deck on uw . ctheast cermur of bulicing one of the yetionel Navel Medical Center, gethosd., Varylend. All Gwe ..Gerg pf the Vonrd voturned vo the regular place of meeting where ‘the wear. “ee reassoubled. | wroseat: the soubers, the recorder, and the reporter. Inte boar, 2» took @ recess until 1:30 p.m., at which time at reco.veusd, resent; 11 the meioers, the recorder, and the reporter, witnesses not othervise comuected with the investigation were present.The board then, at 2:18 pes, adjourned until 9:00 aem., tomorrow, Hay 2h, 3h. | SEOOD DAY. NATLONAL WAVAL MEDTGAL cEMER BETHESDA, MARYLAND. i TUESDAY, HAY 2h, igh9. the court met at 9:07 a.m Preseut: gaptaix Medical corps, U. S. Navy (Rete) Active, Senior member; Captain Hedical corps, U, S. Hew, Captain al Gorps, U. S. Wavy, Somme nder Nedicel corps, U. 8. Navy, and | Ldeutensit Conmender Medical Gorps, U. S. Navy, nenberss end j Teutennt Nedioal Serviee Corps, Us S. Haw, recorder. is. Civilian, reporter. . the record of proceedings of the first day of tho investigation was read - and approved. Ho witaesses not: otherwise connected vith the investigation were present. A witness was celled, entered, was duly sworn and was informed of the subject matter of the investigation. Bxaxined by the recorder; 2. Qs State your mame, rate end present station of duty. aoe ; junior, avietion photographer's mate first, Us Se : oy, avy iedieal School, Bethesda, Maryland, 2, G, tat ere your duties et the iiaval Medical School? wn attached to ~ am finishing work done on the African Expedition twas sent from iere. [ 3. g vore-you ontted upon roceutly to take some pictures? [0° El year tie. ke Q. that were the nature of those pictures? They were of somebody who had fallen from the sixteenth floor to the outside of the third deck and they wanted pictures of the position of the body. 5+ Q- I show you ten pictaires, can you identity then? AL Yes, these are the pictures I took. The ton pictures of the body wore submitted by the recorder..to the board and offered in evidence. there being no objection, they: were go received and nerked"pxhibits 1A through 1 J.” 326Examines by the board: 6 wa you 211 us at what time you arrived on the scene and at what time you took the gictures? vos, ‘the gistures - that series of pictures were taken between three ad three fifteen. jhe last picture was taken at three fifteen, as | s uatter of fact. I! Neither the recorder nor the monbers of tho board desired further %0 examine | this witness. ' the beard informed the witness thet he was privileged to make exy further statement covering enything relating to the subjeot matter of the investige-| tion which he thought should se a matter of record in connection therewith, which had not been fully The witness said that he had nothing further to state. The witwess was duly warned and withdrew, A witness was called, entered, vas duly sworn, and was informed of the subject sinttir of the investipe tion. Examined by the recorder: a Examined by the board: 5 A. imap asked to shoot # series of piotures of his room, diet kitohen Gs Z show you eleven picture: 4. Yes, sir. thig ploture was taken fron the diet kitchen window | ought out by the previous questioning. jy Skate vour nome, rate aud present station of duty. » borpital corpsman chief, U. 8. Navy; stetion, deal Sohool, Bethesda, Merylend. sivtional aval 2 + ave your gresext cuties ot the Raval Medical School? | rtrueter im nedioal yiotograyhy in the photo lab. | ire you enlled uyoa recently to take piotures concerned with the sisath of the late James y. Porrestal? up. and dove of the outside of the building, can you identify then? shooting down toward the growad, toward this ledge. ‘the camera wes held on the outside of the. building. illat ledge - the lodge of here? qnere apperontly was an arm extending out several dacks bolow, six. hat floor would that correspond to? ‘ho third floor, Hight below that ledge was a roof like in pro- tion to the second floor; bunch of swabs, racks and looks like a soreen there. tis second picture was teken standing on a chair in the @let kdtchen; I believe that is on the sixteenth flor. z had @ nan with ne who pushed the, soroen badk. You can 266 ghe upper corner of the screen, upper right hand oorner,)igives ol @ binge appearance there. the dots were running diagénally dexdse. . Upper portion of picture is building, wing in back of dhise. this is:out ©f fooug. We wore shooting for finger prints whlioh wel i iware regues ted to get and that is what we have, sir, this third picture was’ taken stending on the deck with the screen, letting the soreen of the andow come back in place as near as it would of its oim accord: hich also gave us some fingerprints. the fourth pioture is a i piewure that was shot of the ledge of the third deck. It has | entifying marks where it joins into the building. he fifth bieture is a pioture of a rug with some broken glasson it, taken approximately two feet from the end of the bed. We ware unable to got any identifying marke except the rag; couldn't pick up the bed Because the glass woulda’t show. It was room sixteen eighteen. ! : This is the sixth picture, a picture of the interior of the diet = [ tchen on the sixteenth floor; we were standing in the hallway shooting into the diet Kitchen, That's all we have, juste pioture of that. this is « picture in the bathroom on the sixteenth floor. | jo set up in the bethrub; only thing we could wee es identifying imrk yas the bowl; our object was to show this was a special screen vith lock that vorked with a key, sir. Piotare eight ws taken on the sixteenth dock in room sixteen eighteen. We took it of the outboard window front showing this soreen would only open to that ; dlistence, sir. Pioture nine was taken fron the roof of the third deck shooting streight up to the diet kitchen window showing the height of the tower, aad giving windows end the corner. Nunber ten is a picture of the room on tover sixteon standing in the outboard le: hand corner shooting diagonally across it ghowing the bed and place- went of chair. Picture eleyen is the pioware from the entrance ogain showing the screen as far as it will open and the arrangement of that side of the room, sir. Exanined by the board continued; 7+ @ You mentioned picture eight showed that the soreen could open; was ue sereea open when you took the ploture or did you open it to see how far it would open? 4A. Tee screen was approximately in that position; I beldeve I dia pull on it, six, but as for as my opening it or unlocking it I just polled it on back taut. the elovon plotires were presented by the recorder to the board as an exhsbit. Tiere being no objection, they were so received and are appended unrked “pehibits 24 through 2K." Neither the recorder nor the monbers of the board desired further to examine this witness. ‘The doerd informed the witness that he was privileged to make any further stetenont covering anything relating to the subject matter of the investigation witch he thought should be « matter of record in connection therewith, which had not been fully brought out by the previous questioning. ine witness seid tet ho hed nothing further to states the wi 23 was daly warned and withdrew. A witness was celled, entered, was daly sworn, and was informed of the subject atter of the investigation.Examined by the recorders i 6 Stato your nene, rank and present, station of duty, Uaptain, vedical Core, U. S. Hayy, Chief of ueuropsyehiawy, U. + level yospitel, Bethesda, lieryland, deptain would you steto your qualifications es a neuro- psyohie trist? Zama diplomate of the American Board of peyohiatry,and Neurology, certified in psyo!datry nineteen forty and in neurdlogy rineteen forty-one. Z ame fellow of the American Psyohiatrio Association, Chairnan of the coumittee of Nomenclature and Statistics of the cuerdoan Psycliatric Association, member gnerican Neurological sociation, fellow of Amorican College of Physicians, member of the auerican jcadeay of iearolocy. I have been in psyokiatrie work since the completion of ny internship in nineteen thirty-one with 1 usual duterruytions occasioned by sea duty. vaptoin _ how long have you been chief of the Neuropsychiatric pevsing AG Rh ere e lmy thiré, sineteen forty-five. u recently had a pstient under your care by the mame of Janes vorrestal? 1 was ulster Forrestal aduitted to this hospital? Le sbout seventeen hundred on Saturday, April second, nineteen Yor ty-nine, Under what ciroumstences was ilister Forrestal admitted to the hospital? entirely with me. Z had noticing but the most complete cooperation from tho hospitel authorities here, frou ister Forrestal's friends, and from kis fanily. 1 shared the conduct of the case with seleoted masbers of the staff because I needed their assistance but all of the direction of the case and the complete control of it wis entirely im ny hands. I would like to make that a matter of record. ‘the problem of responsibility, the responsibility for its conduct was entirely mine. Weiter tho recorder mor the uenbers of the board desired further to examine Ms witness. oss said, that he had nothing further’ to state. The wiiuess was duly warned snd withdrew. A wittess was called, entered, was duly sworn, and was informed of the subject .atter of the investigation. Exenine: by the recorder: 1. Qs State your none, rank and present station of any he Dormander, Hedical corps, U. 8. Newy+ ily station is Poyohiotric Service; officer in charge of the officers’ neuro- veyohiatric service, U. 8. Heval Hospital, gethesda, Meryland, etea | Examine. by the boards Hh. |, \ 5 Qe ae gow long have you been in psyokictry and what are your qualificetions? { newe had a special interest in psychiatry since nineteen thirty- | ‘we am college and havo pursued the study with additional interest | over since. ‘echnioelly, the first formal medical taining period wa from Jane nineteen forty-six to June nineteen forty-seven as imecutive Officer and Resident in qraining at the. U.;S--lavel Uedical Unit, U- S- Public Health Service Hospital, Fort jforth, Texas. From (ly, 1H] to the present tine I have beon sorving in my present hosigmon ac officer in oharge of the neuropsychiattic service of this hospital. Hy official status is on the staff. | ‘ould you pleage tell the boord all that you know relative to your | Lertioige tion in the ‘treatment of the late Janes ¥. Forrestal? Jase pekor to Doctor departure on Wednestay, ‘Hay eighteenth Ne had indicated to me thet ne would like ne to take administrative charge wadle he wee gono. In proparetion for this the first tine ‘at E met ister Forrestal was for the purpose of being introduced to hin on Honday afternoon, the sixteenth of iiaye T next saw hin on | queaday uorning along vith Doctor briefly and then I saw hin alone again for brief periods on the mornings of Thursday, Friday Gne Saturday. My primary administretive role was to handle all incoming celis, to decide whether or not visitors who weed to see ‘ister Forrestal should be permitted ‘to see him to take up with him aireotly his choice of wanting to see any partioillar visitors and to handle any inquiries thet came from outside on either a professional or personal basis on all m*tters relative to Kis case, Since Dootor had been in more complote aia earlier contact with the cage and Yoctor Amew the onse 1t was felt that he should continue to deal with the more personal aspects of thé. oase and wooter rand I conferred at various tines regarding itis ter Porresvai's condition, the feeling that I had regarding his condi ioa, based upon my ovm observations and vonferenoss with Dootor : vas that his condition remained essentially the same. ost of uy conversations with him were ona more or less impersonal ne-ture with no serious attengt to enter into the eotal therapeutic situetion. T last gan ister Forrestal on Saturdey morning bout tem o'clock at rich time he seemed to ve about the sane as he had been on the pre- ‘ockng few mornings. About zero tno ten Sunday merning I received a one e211 from Doosor in which he inforned me that Mister porrestal ha@ gone through the window ané his body was found below. eit called Doctor im jlontreai, canada, and informed hin of -.@ Situation and told tim tat ¢ would come to the hospital Luwdiately to do whatever was required. eter, during your period of supervision of this case was it neces- vary for you to ohsnge or issue auy new orders? o» sir, I considered his condition to renain essentially the seme tnd made no change of eny of the existent orders. a you took over charge of Mister Forrestal wore you faniliar wth che various aspects of his case? es, sir, ina rather general way. T had a geierel understanding of his over-all clinical picture, although 1 had had no eotive participa ‘tion in the case up to lionday, jiay sixteenth. -15-|. ge are you aware of the possibility of suicide? Ae ves, sir, J. %. vou stated that he ws cbout the same; over what period of time did "you have reference to, did you mean from the time he entered the jospitel or for the few days you were cognizant of his case? at would only be from the period the first time I sew him on jonday Ae 1e sixteenth up to Saturday the twenty-first. 8. . “pturday me the last tine you saw him? |B. ves, sir. shat tine? “ Lpproxinately ten o* clock Saturday morning. Jew you Sew no change in his condition at that time; no evidence of ny undue disturbance or agitation or depression? sir, he continued his usual discussions; he vas rather brief in Aiscussions.’ It was rather difficult to reach him ine sense of ablishiag a close percona) contact but his intellectual function secued as usual, Le gave no increased evidence of tension or ressive features; nade no unusual references. Most of our dis- eassions were conversations either of personal life, he usually di- veoting questions toward me about my activities, or sone of my yackground features but since I was not entering into.the treatment uation I saw no reason for participating in personal discussions. 1. Q, Show you saw no reason whntsoover to make any change in orders, to f uteh up on seourity or take extra precautions? | As ts ds eorreet. hoctor, in the preliminary testimony you stated that there was a dual function, that you, Doctor . were tp handle the incoming inguiries end Dootor +, vecause he was better Acquainted with sis case, to handle tho professional aspects In othér words, ootor | handled tho professional and you hendled “the { acuinis trative matters? ' cont is esseutially true but et the sane tims the over-all respon= “ility was mine niace I was pleced in charge of his case and 1 coserred for that reason with Loctor + as to his opinions of more personal phase of the patient's condition, 1B. Q. Gut you'aotually didn't ave any psychiatric interviews with Mister porrestale ' A. Lot more ‘than would ye derived from conversations I had vith him on the mornings of thursday, Friday and Saturday. | ibs Q, Lid Wister Forrestal meio any attempt ab suicide while you had charge or the petient? As io, Sir, none that I was over informed of, beoane,aware of, or suspected. © 15. Q- Vid mister Forrestal indicate in any way to you. that We ight do herm to himself? A. cone whatever. -165\ if yo. hed ~ in your observations of this case and in vuo was in inmediate charge, would you | cautions: that might be taken? | AS. |. uootor . tie absenoe of Loetor swe felt Sree to chexye eny safety p oa, sir, it ws understood between Doctor and I if there vas tay question in the condition of the patient which required any farther consideration or attention te get in touch with hin dessedi.atelye 27. Gs get in touch with hin or take immediate action? li vould heve assumed either way; if immediate action was indicated I | would have felt free to take it or if I had any other questions about it I would have felt free to contact him. gus you saw no indication at any time to take action or change any | orders? \ voy sir, I saw uo specific indication for chsnging the course of = | conegenen’ or treatments 18, a. 19. %. gure was @ hospi’al corpsnan on watch on Ister Forrestal, was there aot? As Yes, sir. + he was not required to be in the room? at all times at this stage. 1g te have orders te check up on him every so often? 3 orders were to be with the patient most of the time but that he W216 Lave ‘the rvon az desired for purposes which were indicated. 22 you renenber the san on watch between the midnight and two i ‘elosk Sunday worsing on tho twenty-second? j es, sir, thet was 0 corpsman by the nane of. uv he desiganted a:t a nouropsysniatrio technician? w, sir, but ho had lui ¢ degree of traiming on the teuropsyohiatric vice in the closed wards which would be encugh to give him suf- | at uncersteve! © type of problen. ' 2. ge jare you and pootor in full eccord that the sefety pre- guutions were adequate ot the time? Yes, sir, based on ny understaading of the case as derived from Gap tein and my conversations with Doctor thet thors had been no perceptible change in the patient's condition end also my own observation. i had observed no perceptible change in the patient's condition, ! You had had conversation with Dootor + about it, is that gher + ves, sare 26. Q Es tis oorpemen thit hud the wateh from after twelve o'clock - was he aware of the suicidel tendencies of Mister Forrestal and had he been instructed to watch against suicide? 4. & the best of my kmowledge ho had been informed of the nature of 4he case and weitton instructions for the corpemen were detailed in | Ge chert, and, in addition, there vas a doctor in constant i attendance et the spot vhera he could obtain eny additional inforia~| vion or understanding as desired. age27. . Tee Mister Forrestal permitted to go into the galley or the passagenay of the sixteenth deck without supervision? ft is my understanaing that tho restrictions had been lifted to degree whore he vas permitted to go out to the passegeway to uuke phone calls or to enter the doctors: room adjoining his. 28. i DLA Mister Forrestal exhibit any abnormal behavior Saturday | norning vhen you sew hin? uo, sir, none thot geonud to ma any more different from his usual attitude of the preceding mornings. bers of the board desired further to NeLtie: the reeorder nor t exeniao this witness. qhe board informed the witness that he was privileged to make any further | Statenvut concerning the subjeot matter of the investigation which he seuss a matter of record in conection therewith, whioh had not been ight out by the previous questioning. shoule bs gully gs saié that he bad sothiny further to state, the wt The vitwess was duly warned oud withdrew. i fee board thon, at 12/0 gett, took @ recess until 1415 peasy at wien thse | it veowsvoneds | Present: 411 the nombors, the recorder, end the reporter. : ith the investigation were presen’. Ho wituocges not otherwise comiected awit wae called, entored, was duly sworn, und was informed of tha i Subjec. attr of the investigation, dnvé by the recorder: ! 1. Q- State your name, rank sné present station. A Somuender, iedical Corps, U.S. Naw, presently attached to the U. S. davel Rospital, sethesda, Maryland, { 2. q. fmt are your duties at the Naval Hoapitel? A. cy duties are - I exe residest in nouropsychietry, j 3. Q. sow long hove you been @ neuropsychiatrist in this resident otatus? | Since I reported to the Wawel dospital on October eighteenth, nineteen forty-six. ssotion with the treatient of the lote James V, Forrestal? zy first knowledge wf Lister yorrestal's cass ves on Sunday efter- bon, April third, ofter his duission to this hospital on alardey, at which tim I was called et home by Captain and | old to Feport to the hospital that afternoon and be prepared 4° | sen tho Aight. IT reverted to the hospital ana to Gaptein } J was informed that i was to stand a apecial wate, sleeping in | li, Q- would you please tell the board all you Imow reletive to your con- | j | the room adjacent to yister Forrestal's suite and that my.duties, so Ter as the watch was concerned, were to handle any oniorgehoy that aight come up during my tour of duty at aight and eso to keep vectors and + who were handling the oase, informed of \iset was going on. I continued to stand a reguiar vatoh at night vith Mister Forregtal on alternate nights, to alternate with Doctor The hours to be covered were from the ond of working hours, approximately sixteen thirty, until the beginning of working hours ne next morning at gero eight-thirty. In the mornings Doctor 18.i i { i i would visit ifister Forrestal briefly and Deotor | usually caw him in the afternoons. -After Mister Porrestal was Started on sub-shock insulin therapy my duties were inoreased to tha extent that I was tor eport end ronsin in the room with the patient for the lest airty simtes of the insulin therapy period. This therapy period woe usually eterted et eight ctalook and verminated at eleven kandred. $0, on tho days that he received i insulin I weg with hin fron approximately ten thirty to a few j ninites after eleven idhdred. After the insulin therapy was éis- | fontimied I went back to my old echedule of on every other night ‘tion Doctor left tom he asked ne to make a point of sitting [ith ilister yorrestel at sone tie during the day every day. This { sock to mean im the afternoons at the times that Captain sh aréisarily bea seeing him and on Wednesday, Thursday, Priday, uid oit yath ii-tor porrestel for anywhere from forty-five rates to an sour td a half and set ydth him briefly on Saturday joing. that about covers the uhole tine as to when I was actually / here. ! mained by the beard; 5... sere you fully aware of the various phases of [ister Forrestal's i Vondition from shortly after he was admitted as a patient to the hospitel? | de Yes, Sir, Doctor Doctor Doctor end 3 had ais- wassed at intervals various procedures and therapeutic efforts wnat were being nade curing the course of the entire cage. 6. Q during the period uf his stay 4n the hospital did you feel that be was taking some gradual improvenont. ‘es, six, ny feeling from the first was that he was pretty overly | Uopressed, as evidenced by his lack of interest in his surroundings, | interes’ im pereous] contact with mo on the bris? occasions that I saw him, whereas as the cnse progressed, pertioalarly during the insulin goriod ke svesiod to Yevone more alert, more interested in his surroundings, 22d particularly dnterested in what was going on avout the floor itself and the hospital. \ 7. & vhet was your feeling in regard to the possibility of suicide duriag tte first few éaye of his stay in the hospital? As Hy feeling with regard to suicide during the first few days of iis stay in the hospital was that it was potentially present, thet being based on psyciintric experience vith depressed pationts. I @ no eotual factual evidence of any sort wich would lead me to se able to say syeoifically that suicidal thoughts or ideas were esent. towever, I did feel end consider it @ possibility on the Wasis of general seyolie tric knowledge. 8. q. “het was your feeling 1a rogard to the possibility of suicide at proxins tely the tine that Dootor lett Washington? @ that time i felt that jiister Forrestal had made a definite inprovenent in the over-all pletore from the time of his admission wad that the possibility of suicide vas much more remote than earlic: in the cass. there were several observations made during the course | wi the case which led sa to fool this. About two weeks before vector left T went up to stand the watoh one night and stopped by the room to speak to Mister Forrestal, asked him hov he was feeling. Ke said “xbont as usual". we ohatted briefly about sy medical education acd where I Ligved and what not; then later, ~p-when Z came up to go to bed about twenty-two forty-five, he was nme and 3 eked in hoy he vos feeling. Ye said "about es usual" vet ho felt his room vag a little stuffy and in view of the fact ent bro of the windows were etuck and couldn't be opened I agreed Hat the room was a little stuffy. He said that he thought possibly! ho would be able to eleep hetter if he slept in the room with ne, - | there being two beds in my tedroom and I said I thought that wou | ye a good idea, it might be more comfortable over there. So he did sleep in the room thet r slept in that might. uy feelings at thie time one tet the pationt tms veking an effort to broaden his horizons. 4 felt thet he yas lonely end felt the need of Prienily contact th othor people and clso felt atythe time that the suicidal pos- sibilities had lesscued sufficiently to make it safe for hin to retain out of his owm room. the danger of suicide had been dis~ cussed with Doctors and 1on several occasions prior to thie and we had been encouraging the patient to broaden his activities even prior to this particular incident. At any tine whils poctor was eway did he appear to you to be ‘precooupied, worried, disturbed or agiteted more than usual? © the contrary, he appeared less preoccupied, worried, disturbed, bud particularly less agitoted. On Wednesday afternoon after ; bootor left Tednesday vorning T steyea with him ebout an hours the relationshiy during that hour was as usual, We talked of superficial things uch es the flowers in his room, a thorn I had removed from tis thumb come time previously. thursday night he | seid thet he vould like to attest sleeping without his usual nedi- tion of sodium anytal end 1 agreed to that with hin for o trial period but insisted that if ie were not esleep within a reasonable length of tixe, { think sbout an hour, he should teke his amytel. vs Friday sat with him for about an hour Friday afternoon. He ina slightly more cheorful than he had been on Thursday. he aie gression thet 1 beg of hia on tuursdey was identical with the in- dregeion 7 had with him on the Sunday before which was a dsy that vaptain didn't see him. hat is to say, his appearance and feeling for kis condition was almost identioal. | ime during Loctor ‘ ebeonce, discuss his -.8 you, at any & condition with Doctor » sir, we talked over aluost everything that happened with evetor end Lootor taring this period did anything come up that made you think tat you should tauten uy on his privileges any? lwo, sir, to tho contrary. the things that did come up, the fooling i nd was 4f anything, priviloges should be extonded, We didn't aasvease any privileges caring this period because we didn't have = | waptekn oy cptean aboard to discuss the metter and we Figured wo vould let the standing orders that thoy hed left when they lurt renein. \ovever, those orders were, we felt, relatively lenient aid that ister Forrestal wns fully capable and able to go along on wt lige without any chnnge either to increse® or to Georease the strietions that were in effect at that tine.G you see Bim Saturday, Ley twenty-first? es, sir, I saw hin. j spe te your dusresuions of nim at that Gime. jurday morning wien I woke up, having slept in the room next to | jg with both tite doors opened through the bathroom with my bed ; chimuged go flat 1 sould look Wireotly into hie room and he could | ok directly ia my room, I got up, dressed, went in and spoke to wim, asked him the ‘dnd of night he had. that night, Friday ht, ne bed slept the entire night with no avakening periods that | | [ | f i { imow of at all without a sedative. On Friday night he had gone to Ted Mille I was in the room sitting vith him. while r was sitting th hin Friday nit he eaid he felt sleepy end got in bed. Shortly siver he lad beou in bed for a little while I left and onecked with 2 corpsman about nine ovcivek to find out had he taken his amytal. whe eerpanaa goid he wos sleoping so I said "yell, dontt wake him up ve him sone anyial.” ty understanding was that he slept the | ll. Qe iat wae your fiael iupression of hin vhen you left him Saturday? | x saw hin agein Saturday moraing at which tine en old friend of his’ | rr Hew York came dow: to visit, a piister » We had been | tntormed by Vaptein on Thursday night thet Mister youlé be down Saturéay noraing and he had permission to visit. I had told wfister Forrestal on Pridny afterioon tat Kister wild be dows Seturday morning. Ue had no coment. ny impression | turday morning was that his condition wes about es it had been for | “ho Inst several days. He didu't appear to be particularly depressed, other @&d he appear to be yarthoularly cheerful, » you left him Saturday feeling very comfortable ebout his ition? i < ppoke %0 boctor ag he was taking over the week- | tolu boctor that i felt the week-end coming up — | Sle be sbost su usunl whlch wis my feeling and considered the | vessibility of érospiity back by Sunday afternoon to sit with hin as | sea see es oa cee cee eee ae the i | veo getting along alrighs, Wat that would not be necessary and didn’ glas to coms over on Sunday afteracon to sit with him, id Wister Forrests1, in the times you vould be with him, express cuything ebont international affairs, discuss them with you? As io, sire ATs G Lo you think he wes trying to got away from such things? = didn't heve much feeling ebout whether he was or not, -He never | ade any effort to talk slong tiwse lines when I was with him, no, aan Iu Pact, the basis of most of our conversations were relatively super. Piciel, having to do with things of the moment; should he take his sleoping pills or nots was I going to sleep in the room aext to him or not; how ves the rose thorn in his finger getting along; or su ther his costips'tion was being taken care of or not. Another ong of wy duties in the oase was to write orders for his bowels and 1 ma Gone that earlier in the course of the case. 21curing your conversations with him did he show eny interest in iecussing any current events or anything outside of himself? sly onos. Te asked «0 on several occasions aid I plan to renin in ye service and I remrked once tmt I planned to renain in the service if the cervice ‘ra:ted me ag well as it had in the past but yith ell of the chaages in prospect relative to the Wavy and the services I was standing by to see how some of ‘hose came out and keeping an oped mind on the subject. He evidenced considerable | vterest at that time saying that he had been in on the unification 18. % Goal and said that he felt thet it wis a good thing and would probably work out 0 everyone's edvantags. ‘this was said in a rather round-about fashion ond not specifically a direct quote. I donrt ronenber tho exact words. Ag. c. bid he ever discuss any of the lighter things like baseball? discussed briefly golfing with me once, merely to say that he had ona golfer at one tine au thet's about all so fer asthe lighter orned. digs were coi | 20. % were the windows in ister Yorrestel's room locked on tho Saturdey ng that you last saw iim? v of then were unlocked, two locked. dows be opened to permit a person to go out though so vndows? , tie'vindow sereens oa iiister porrestal's room were; thera were a Lind of Pour seourity Goreens, In the roon itself three screens, avo on one side, one on one side, fourth in the head, In the in- i ctollotion of the security screens the tvos creens nearest his bed yore waryed and coulén!t be opened or closed without getting a part f the scale that was in the room end talcing two people to prize and n and twist to open ond close 1%. I know this because the corps- jaa and I tied one of thon out sbout 2 week or week and a half \ofore the onge ended. in the entire area tho overhead drops down about odghteen inches in front of the windows which were offset, These security sereens open invard and hit on this overhead long uetore they can be opeied and when we opened these two they were vevged. Uae afternoon to raise the windows - it-was a sultry day, one of the thunderstors afterncons - the corpsman that was on, quite @ sell fellow, sat £ were vorking on it and I remember distinctly tvying to get him to get behind the § oreen on the window side to try ‘w raise the windows and he couldn't ge+ in there and following this i didn't see ony point in locking the two warped frames because their purpose of guarding the rindow was answered whether they were locked or unlocked; namely, they couldn't be opened sufficiently for even a suall person to get out even if they were unlocked, There were no | suaurity soreens in the dootors! bedroom and for a period of two or “ree weeks the door fron the head to the doctors! room had been left unlocked end frequently wide open to improve the ventilation in lister Forrestal's room. I tried #o oneourage him fo move about the area after the general feeling among the staff was ‘that his horizons noeded to be broadensd. At the time thet you left him saturday morning, uny trenty-first, | iii you notice Wut the usitray or PeWrh pldte ta® broken an Geter Yorveetal's room? “ ‘. the contrary, I noticed that the ashtray Petri plate ws not »: ‘ken before beceuse { recall distinctly using it for’my cigarette witly I wes in there. hat had Ween my usual ashtray when I went ine ad another one by the bed.Weither the recorder sor tho menbers of the doard desired further to examine this witiess. 3 daformed the witness that he mo priviloged to uake any further coversng anything rel ting to ‘he subject matter of the inves tig: he thoight stole Lem nntter of record 1m connection therenith, | luhich hee not bean fully brought out by the previous questioning. | qe witness made the following statenent: ly inprossion of the entire cess was that Mister Forrestal was admitted to | Ftho hospivel dn a definitely depressed condition, was guite lL and thet jour “42 sourge of his stay in the hospital hig improvement wae gradually [pward o4 211 times with winor day-to-day fluctiations! in mood. My viewe point daring the ewtire onge was a hopefal one end in all my contacts with [the patient whet fow efforts I nade to talk with hin were aimed along opeful lines for & complete return to his normal wey of Lifes hro-oxminod by the boards | 123. g. ivutor, did you know the might corpsman who was on duty mith Mister correstal Saturdsy night extending into Sunday morning? | ves, BEY. i feb. Q. “tint was his name? 4 Fhe nane was - PS> % Be you reyera him eo being a! suitable and competent watoh for | Forrestal during those houre? Ay Yes, sire fhe board cid not desire further to exanine this witness. fhe hoard informed the witness Ht he was privileged to make any further fatonent covering anything relating in the subjeot uatter of’ the inveatige= ion obies he thought enockt bo a unttor of roosrd sn sonneotien thavewithy ingch had uot veen fully brought out by the previous questioning. @ withens said that he had uothing further to state. me withers was duly warned oad withdrew. 4 f us called, entered, vas suly sworn, ond was informed of the subject netter c, che investigation, | Exeuinee ., the recorder; Le ys St. ce your same, rank and present station. ‘ Be Gs mager 3 » Ledical vorps, U.S. Navy, Ue S. Naval Vial, Sethesda, -aryland. | z ue. are your dutive 4% the Naval Hoggitale | at in seconé yor (rvining in payohictry. a ee eee | &, { have been in residency status since Decenber ninetesn forty-seven vhon I reported here at Hethesda, Since tet time I have been con- tinually on the psychiatric servios except for three months last fall when I was on neurclocy 2nd L am'at present again on nsurology, huviug been on neurology since April first, nineteen forty-nine. 95:ys gs VAIL you please tell the board 21 you know relative to your comection| with the Inte lister Torrestal? tho hospital as a patient wes | ents to stand night calls, you might | 2 were instructed by Doctor ‘that we would be on hand any ! ite we were aeoded and that we should sleep in the room which adjoined| us coom of Mister Yorrestel, tho watch, oF @li, doth apply, began on | fays we had the call at four-thirty and extended through next moving BALL aight-thirty. On weekends, we split it port and ster- poard, uewld have veekmond duty beginning at twelve noon on Saturday | ' exusnding thregh ‘til eight-thirty on Monday. Our duties were pri- | worily $0 be at hond Sf oay question rose in the carrying out of the | oviers thet wore witten for ister #orrestal, to give assistance to ‘the corpsmen or mirse if they so desired, to meke our routine rounds | fcit the patient and on any mutter which we didn't feel qualified w handle (I am referring to Doctor | when I say “wel) we were i gS get An contact wath either Leotor ov wath Deowe the | geeS'sonv sine Dette” Yiae8 clay: Sooter ted boon aseipna tod as the administrative officer-ia-charge and in case of any dif- Salthes ¢uring that poriod, the puriod when we couldn't contact e wore supposed to get in touch with Doctor bostor oF wes Cw beginwing of Hmt watch with reference to date? | 4 ssa! say for eure Go far as the date goes but Mister portestal ; caw to tie hospital one Saturday. Lootor . _ hed the first dusy on Sunéey night end I had the duty om jionday night; one of the i first week-ends in April but so fer ag definite day I am not sure. | 6. Q- Mit vatch has beea contimous since that tine up until this past night, is thet right? i you fully aware of the various phases of ilster Forrestal's 1 condition? | APIS ot aware of anytitig tint vend on tn thorapy but 7 was stormed | anc from ny own observation had what I thought wes a Sirly good } imovledge of his condition all the time. 1 S. Q. TAA the matter of suicide ever ocour to -you? ; 1% certainly occurred to me ever since the man has been there, did you regard hin from that standpoint for the first few days of stay in the hospital? Ae Well, of course, on the first few days, it was much longer than the first few days, on adnission to the-hospital he vs under almost con tinuous sedation avd constaat watch. “Arter a few days they were able to get screoned windows on tie Yoox and corpmuen were instructed to stay with Mister Forrestal at ell times and if they needed anything from the mrse or corsman cn the outside or from Doctor and xe they went through another corgsman, didn't Leave the room at any tine. Following that he was on sub-shook insulin therapy for a pericé of something like three weeks, I believe, and the man was obvicusly depressed and any time a nan is depressed there is always & consideration of Suicide to bo kept in minds ayewy Ghd you regard the progress of his condition fromthe tine of ission to the horitel until the time that Dootor © left a town? Al, 1 think it is best to put At this way, From diseussions with octor » Lootor and Doctor and from the changes | uu the orders which permitted ister Forrestal to have more freedom movement in thnt he could yo imto our bedroom’ and he could be in room slone without the corpsan I presumed, I felt that improve- | nowt was going a@lony or those mensures would not heve‘been put. into Peet. 80 far as uy personel dealing with ister Porrestal on his \ Syinal entry end at tie time he was, on Ansolin therapy it was ehwys quite difficult to talk with later Porrestel, quite difficult cause yo had beet. instructed to try to stay away from things thet ve on therapy and for @ man like }deter Forrestal you coulda t very J1 talk to him about the flowers and bees because he wes not iaterested da then, I could ask questions about his Navy life and tha Wvt of tidng but Glways felt that would be getting into a field r ould not be im, the psychotherapeutic field, snd fon that reason 2 vay I found 44 difficult to “tlk with hin; would discuss things, ceaarily me, st his questioning but as tine wont on there was the bogor bmity to neybe discuss other things, Don't lnow just when, i¢ i vee but when iieter | in London had that accident he talked \ith me about thet, From timo to time he would ask me questions abont was the duty difficult, wis I working hard and so on and go forth so tt during the period of time he wes here in the hospital i felt he wae shorday contimally more interest im outside activities es I said, in the beginning the way I looked at it I felt sure gs were going on iu @isoussion with Dootor probably I iu''t lmow ebout but wich were in&iostions that the man was in | voving considerably. Ll. g. vou dia, however, from odjeotive signs form sone opinion of your own tnt he was improving? Vos, air, I did, the nijht thet this happened. Dootor had couraged Boctor and me to ses if we could possibly get ister Forrestal to go for a wall or maybe take him up 40 the telo~ Vision on the eighteenth floor and on Saturday two times, once chout quarter of eight I asked him if he vould be interested in, going uy to see the television and he said "No, thank you, T-think T will -t it go. hen again at eleven o'olook or thereabouts I talked with Bi, agai. the television, strictly speaking, 1 think,is supposed be closed arcund ten-thirty, but is sometimes ona dittle later. ‘on I eame up to go to bed some time before eleven I asked hin iin if he vould be interested in going to the television-and he chia "yo, not tonight.", but he made it sound like not tonight but « ght near in the future I will go up with yous | ig Loctor absence did you observe anything that made you 2 wivdleges should be tautened up? | a. uo, Sir, L didn't observe 9 ttdng. 3. g 1d you discuss et any tine his condition with Dooter or Dootor Saturday noon, iley twenty-first, vhen I wanton watoh!T, sew Doctor in the chow hnll and Dootor ‘jus having’ cone ‘oft shursday and Friday nights was pleased thet he had thelweektend free sud said t ne "You will have an easy time of ib, /everyihiiy ts going along fine.” i Doctor had talked vith ifister Forreste: May twenty-first, and there was very little dis oussi6: If he said anything it ves of so little importance: a was. Se[24 2 n5. gs saturday night, Lisy twenty-first when you went to ded how eid you fee abet Mister Porrestal's condition? hea I got up on tower sixteon I talked with the corpsman who waa on duty. He told me thit ivter Forrestal had been resting off end on 1Y evening but thet he still hedn't taken his medication. 2 told the | vonpsman that I felt possibly my coming to bed would Have some bearing ou whether ister vorrestal went 40 sleep or net and I. thought he probably would go to bed end stay in bed after I came up. At-no time there been, in the past three wela, any herd end fast rule about whether or not Mister Porrestel should take his sleeping medication although it was elvays ordered, the reason being that atleast since I knew ister Forrestal he had always complained that heviidn't like the sensation of the medication and always wanted to try $0'eleep without tho medication. I viewed hic taking or not taking medféntion just euother indication of his gradual improvement end sort of a stepping- vue to further goed health. vor thet reason ot no time did I ever insist that ver Forrestal would take the nightly medication but } ou sumeroug oeoasiorr i knew that even though he took bis amytal he wuld be up anybe ou or be times during the night going into vation ur at least not sleeping. When hed the duty on wednesday, the eighteent: uf way, 1 went up about seven-thirty +2 mke my evening rounds. ijister Forrestal wis agleep, he hadntt taken any nedication aud when I went up again to go 40 bed in the neighborhood of eleven-thirty ho ves still sleeping so that was proof enough for me he was able to sleep without taking nightly medication, vou yuu toll us a little more specifically your impression and what pened on the last night that you hed the duty, which was Saturday, yoy twenty-first? d'nostioned previously thet when I went up on tower sixteen around cloven the corps ad mentioned that Miter Porrestalhad nov been sleeping ané then I also previewly mentioned that r-had discussion vith the corpsman et that time. I went in to see ilister: Forrestal and tat wes the Hue J discussed again with him the possibility of going uy sad seeing the television. je implied not that night but 4n the T again reninded him if he were not sleeping an@ could not s medications, to which ns answered " ." Bor the past, T dink dt yas the second of yay I. would have to the reoord to mnke sure, since that tine the adjoining bathroom + © into ny room hes been lePt opon from time to time, That particu ight while ve vere talidng cbout the television end his taking the ssttion ke said “ire you going to close the door” and I said "Yes, go it is colé ad 1 don't wint to catoh another old. had had 1a for @ couple woals previously and he kmew shout it and that yas ve ane of our subjects uf converation fron time to time and he said r yerfectly alrig.t or souetiing Like that so I went into my room, v unliressed, vont Lato the buthroom, oane back, read the newspaper +g vite end from hero on in ym not sure of any tines but I would une thet I possibly vent to bed about oleven thirty, I-wasatt ing end although Z realized that these leseening off in 2 patient were © part of the trentuent in his roadijts, recover; ly, a% times I ve i1] nt ease about the feet. tha-tithee! Sees ‘bie « vandows in my bedroon. Whether or not you relive tine done ios are relexed, that some risks hove to’be ‘taken, 7 dont + thiny joves the concern from the people who night be invdlved in thone risks. ‘his vas sonetiing that had been disouseed with both over aad Loctor Sono nights the docr would be ocaed, other uights to door would be closed, another night, the door swule be oponed but on that particular night the door to @lbep he should te! -26—veut ¥o bed but as i wan lying im bed st one timo Tcheard a little sort of shad oud chen! t know wie ther the wind vas coming through Uster korres tul's “oe. aud bengiag the door or venetian blinds wagiag ageaust Uw vidow but sayhow I stayed awake Juste short cried of tine aad wile t vas avake [ister Forrestal walked into vo.) of the window next to the bathroon door, for a seif-seeoné, ‘urned sround, went back through the “Ergon into ls reo and left the door open. 7 got up end walked er deside the otlwr ¥ed so 4 could look into the room end Mister yorrestel as lying in his bed. I got baok into the bed again and isn I stevted Yuulsing thet, well, T told him the door was supposed ve closed, he's got the door open, now should I'get up and close or shoulan's i. I fowtly decided wich the ade syidhing through ad the banging of the door I gvobably wouldn'+ got to aleep at all unless I closed # so i got up to close it and was gtending in front of the bathroon door vith my back to the door which By''thet time was epout three-quarters shut, { presume from the wind Blowing i+, and just as I was roaching to the ined to close the door Mister Forrestal who was evidently steading in the bathroom, I didn'é see hin but we had a few words. io said “are you going to look the.door and T eid "Yes, beoause tho vad is coating up and it will be banging and | it ds getting cold here in my room” mud he eadd "yell," tim not ! re bat sonet ing like weil, that's alright and’then I said "yavon' «| pou Bees Sleoyliig?” to said "Yes, off ahd on” and Tveald again "You “ter take your mediation you need the sleep, it will do you good® dhe said "Alright; vill." & looked the door, Jit a cigarette and vas standing there in the dark swoking the ‘olgarette-and thought - vell, 111] see if thore's sometidng else in the papeY I haven't read. = turned the light on, put my white coat on - {use {tas 9 sort of hrobe - and sterted out to the mrse's desk to get a drink of : eter. Just ag + went by the galley yister Porrestal-and one of the vosnes vere standing in the galley door. As I. went oiit to the vsk i witehed hin going back into his room with the orpsman, I go% w drink of water, cewe back into my room, read theupaper for about wee minutes ead got beck in bed. J didn't have the slightest idea st tine 4t vas; didn't hear anytling else or ash! # concerted about nything else, the light in the galley went on a couple of times but| i uo unusual end the next thing 1 knew was the corpsueny : ! w in, awakened me wi seid thet ister Forrestal still wee wot oping, whet should Le do about it. I said something like this - 4 :Hiscer Porrestel inww thet he should take his pille if he were wobble to alee, withowt then end that the corpsuan should egein re- ‘ -dad hin tigt the pills were thore and that he should take then df he Felt he couldn't yo to sleep by himself’. At the same timer told the sorpsman to keey @ close eye on wister Forrestal. I'don!t know what imo that was but after 911 this happoned end in taliing with the | ecvpaman and nurse 7 think it was about one thirty-five or something | like thet whea the coryanen come and: talked to mes. Tiwent laok to sloep again because the next thing-I recall mas‘Miss ~~” coming isto the room she fligved the lightion, don' 4 Kiow whiten’ ‘ya conscious of first an she said "Wster Forres tals Bee! 4a voon." X sat up an bed and as t set up the fireesers tarough my mind was thet he was wandering around the souewhere and T seid "there 1s he” and sho sold jedi viudow so I quickly got up and bythe time 'T: wast dh had been shocked avout this thing but you canfi I went oat once to the nurse!s desk in-my- whit pants on and then osme sack into my raow to get Wine there wore minerous and sundry and mony peopid,. ofticer-of-tue-Day, Doctor and I had gonesin the looked out thy called Dooter to toll him what had happéisa. 2 podtor that | -2]-3 , said “Does the ufficer-of-the-Day know aboutit” and I said "ves, ne hag just been up here but now thet 1 have called you Z will qu dom togo0 if he hes notified Admiral e hen you retired for the uijit did you believe that any closer estwigtion should be exercised? vas it usual for Gleter Forestel to get up during the night and to walk around or wag thet an umisuel heppening on the wight in ynestion? I A, da the previous tings I have eai@ 1 hoped te convey the idea 7 ' intt think eny of hig activities that sight were umusual in any re- ee rial vid nin popepodsaiccin eras penaToeeee ; males ond didn’t sleep, nights thet he slept without anything. It sas not unusual for hin in the middle of the night to.get up, walk over Into our room ead walk back into his room As a-matter of fect, on, well, two. nights with Doctor +r think and-one night T am sare of with me, ifister Forrestal asked if he could cbme over and sleep in the ompty bed in our room which we permittediand discussed sth Doctor + Deotor said "It is perfectly alright, the win ig lonely end dependent end if you people don't mind iter perfect ly alrdght."” on the ai chts thet ne didn't do thet he-would,say on et Vast -two Guoagi biie-taheh 1 tal he Sal, he-woutd-paamtonts ay sAGK, staud in the door an? walk baok into his ov soom Other nights 1 hove heard him in the middle of the might, three orclack in the” swening or something lise that, dn the bathroonand ‘Ziooald see wotiing umsael, noting different in the way thet hetad acted ou way grevious ocoasions. é thes tho recorder nor whe menbors of the board desired further to extain. isis witness. Anforned covering anything 3 honght should Ve a uatter of reoord in cosneation therewith, a nyt been fully brought out by the previous questiching. witness that he was privileged to make any further Ang to the subject matter of the investiga— the witucss made the following statement; Z think | lave mentioned before but mauld like to ad@ again that I ves consei.i of the Yect that ‘ister Forrestal had not completely recovered. 50 conscious of the favt if wo expected eny recovery whatsoever way it would be brought about would be by gradual relaxation of the restrictions under which the patient had been originally subjected. fn 211 depressed peools there ie thet chance thn hus to be tales, It doesn! + leave o lot of people very haypy ebout it but at the same: time’it is the only #ing thet can be done J fool in alloxing the petiont to gradually re~ turk to & previons setter state of well being. either the recorder nor the wenbers of the board desired further to examine this wituess. the wituess said thet he had nothing further to state Me witness was duly warned end withdrew. . rad oe subject .atter of tie investigations “ 8| iatu:,’ by tie recordey: - L ‘wate your aque, real, Gad gresent station of duty. » cyjtsin, Ledieal corps, U. S. Haw Reserve, ay iediwn is ;. 8. naval Hospital, Bethesda, Maryland, 2, stat are your duties ot the aval Hospital? al Sau assistant obief of the paychiatrie Service. 3. 2, ‘A121 you give @ resund of your qualifications es a psychiatrist? El Pgreduatea from tufts Gollege iedioal Sehoo} in nineteen twenty, interned at Boston vity Mospitel. During the succeeding twenty- nine years 7 lieve spent e major portion of thet time in the active wvactioe of psychis try. Among other positions which I have held are Daysteion in charge cf the Philadelphia Hospital fér Mental Diseases “Minion? wirector of the Polk State School ia Poli, Pennsylvania; edical Uirector of Julbrook Sanitoriun, Greens Farms, Comneoviouty US. Mavy from April Porty=two to Augnst forty=six at which time 1 etumned to tio privete practice of psychiatry in Westpor’, Connevtt-| t, ond returned to temporary active duty in the Navy September tent) sineteon forty-eight, I ama ember of the Anerioan Psychiatric _asooistion; the lew York Society for Clinical Payoniatrys the Vonectiout Psyctiatwic Sootety; for the past approximately fifteen years I have bee: an instructor in peyohiatry at thesGllege of ysicians and Surgeons ot Colurbia University, New fork City, 1 am wasulting psychiatrist to the Yorwalk Rospital, Norval, connection: “race Kew viaven sloogitsl, Hew Zaven, Connectiont; Stamford wall in Seeuford, Vomectiont; on wilitary leave Prom the indLeated hospital ppointuents ends the present time I an also assistant Clinical stessor of Poyohintry at Qeorgotom Univerai ty. IT ws also fornert: ou the teaching stuff at the iledionl School at Yale. G+ ‘ptaim, will you please tell the board what you inow.telative to the atment of the Jate :ister Vorrestelt viaps 2 shouli bein by enying that the troetment was aireoted by enptein iwi is the ohief of the neuropsychiatric servic wn@ my role was supportive to his therapeutic endeavors and consultiv at any. tine wien it we deoned nevesvary or advisable, I firet met ister Forrestal on tue day of his admission to the hospital whioh, 1 valieve, was April second and subsequently sew him almost daily until -by sL@tteenth at which time I left on authorized leave and didn'y return until efter hia demise. Trrough Hector and through my Geily conversation with the patient £ acquired cone dogroo of Hanilierity with the enotional state which ws responsible for his hospitelieation, I found him to be s very operative ‘patient and at sll times quite silling to accept opinions conserning his i}lness end n expressed willingness on his part to avail himself of a11 the veuafits wikon might bo derived from his hospitelization here and the syohotherepautio thert vy which might be instituted, In the nature Your headling of his baychotherapeutie therapy it wis-an errangonen! ‘ween Lootor ehd nysel? thet he would completely control al2 wag therapeutic measures althouzh I oan sincerely stage: thet.we con- ved opinions alnost daily, perticularly in regerd tothe behavior settons of the patieat and their import. Saaemach es itis con ered geod veychia tric practice to avoid oonfliction and confusion 4 troatuent, espectully as it pertains to the Interpretation of chodymnies, thet this rests entirely in the heyds of one inéi- male 28 a result of thie errengenent my @scusdions with misteruorrestal were ou @ less yersonal level than would aodfug from i therapeutic endeavors. ewever, these conversations. hada degree of intinaey end resulted in the establishment of a rapport with Mister = | orrestal tat I always interpreted as being friendly and confortable, 0 talked of many diverse matters that had only e cosual reletion- i Shi to his illness ss le ves a nan vho not only wag mentally alert | ut contimed to maintain an active interest in ell current matters — | ou 9 level compatible with his broad public service and wide experience whese conversations ran a geaut froma discussion of natters of purely lowal interest to various philosophies and ruminatons.:thet touched , on the behavior patierns of all people under various’ oifoumstances “of ge stress and his astuteness and gcumen were such that hig: comments-and Gisocurses were pregnant with comprehensive significansé. As inéi~ cated previously, the matter of discussion of the more intinate acpects of his personel problons was left for hie interviews with Lovior this ister Yorrestal end I both understood; that this was the arranganont and for tint reason ow tendency was to stay on less disturbing cubjects. My iuterviews with hin usually would let from fifteen or thenty minites to perhaps an hour. In evaluating course of His illness us i cbserved it ho apparently was showing outimous improvemert with moderate fluctnations whith were not Lu coupatible with the tye of emotional disturbance which he showed. ately ayare Of hig depressed state of mind end at tines rted interpretation al his ova reaction to his predicament and oh wigs teva Ted up to 4 although he not infre- — | od Auge sts Gisaster. they were always of vague siesyeeitic mnatecter aud lad to do with matters which had - 48 been of saramnwt Suterast to him, namely, the safety of the ea tmy. .ony ines Me expressed uneasiness about the future pos- oi ilities anu vdudered viether or not people were a8 alert to these i ovwatialities as they should be, Each time he would reassure him- } self by such assertions 28, "I really have no uneasiness ebout the Suture of the country, T am certein that that is assured, But the wavail might be onsiey if people perhaps were more concerned about ' tu.9 of thene tangs." Te tallied frequently of his recovery and tne {| 20 sible change ia VAs gettaru ot Living which would be possible with | » leisure end grenter opportunity for diversification of interest | anu f relesse fro: the trenondous presoure wiih his duties had so0ed on him over the preceding oight or nine years. He hincelf erYered the opinion that he should have sensed that-his burden had benone too heavy many months previously and should have done something to correct it. le regretted that he hadn'% done so. Incidentally, he, on severe] oecesions in connection with this type of thinking had ovad the opinion that all won highly placed in publio life showld ove concerned about their emotional health and even pernaps cone better understanding of the bonefits which would result from a profound Imowlodge uf the emotional concomitant of continuous Son ond strain. Inasmuch as he vas a man who. suffered withia ression and an interprotation of his own predioamentizthtioughi de~ pressive eyes the netter of hs recovery or non-recovelienaesdis— cussed, even including self-destruction. He, at @1l'tineap ented any prooeaupetion vd th such twughts and oven though’ mg: coMeeristion oF the future possibilities as they affeoted hin wore sebucys: te net onl ogreed but frequently volunteared thet he was certain: that he 1 woul. be able to reach a lovel of adjustment which wouldzbring him | gre: ter happiness, especially through more. intimate contwote with his fe: ily from shout he had felt sonewhat separated vecauseéf ‘the pressure “305also because of the opportunities for less hurried and = | ructive eadecvers wich his uow fredom would permit. Ho was Viively interested in sorts aud had participated in them to a con- siderabie extent mhen he was younger, following the various spor ting events, not deeply but enough to Le fully informed about them. ie \nis interested in history, especially, and enjoyed discussions that sortained to historical backgroutés of various situations from the jue of alexander the Great on up to the present and often wove a very! Coresting course into the fabrie of his conversation pertaining to Shese historical and philosophical backgrounds and would araw oom- risons and analogies with more recent happenings. Jo cover the ruther intinete converse tions which ooourred almost daily for: six week} swuld run the gamit of ell interesting subjects thet a-man of his erudition and background could bring into a conversation, I.was more often the listener the: the speaker, te did somo-reading bub acimowledged that he found it rather trying and tiresome to attempt reading mteriel of eny profundity. Ho was a men of simple tastes co that repeated inquiries es to things which might mike him comfort- sie or sure contented or happier in Bis prasent hospitalization were u wally met vith the response that he deeply eppreciatea our efforts ve helpful and vathor than offer @ direct rejeotion he would usuat2 day “well, pei Zvdll try ite little later." He frequently eousented on the pleasant relations he had vith ell the people here wad was anstinting 12 his praise of” the.peFsonnel, thenpliysical properties of the hospite1 and everything pertaining tit. My ob- servations of his reactions during the period indicated would be that of a men who was experiencing a depressive episode which even im itself, in tho absence of organio findings, would be self-limited. le was woll preserved physically for his years, having a very youthful ey of handling Muself in ell syheres and he was a very acute person intellectually. xe was a man of unfailing graciousness in his reactio i even small favors and in spite of a rather eustere exterior he wad quite accessible for the discussion of his problens eyd it was very easy to feel the warmth of his friendliness in.eny disqissions with hin, ‘Therapeuticaily, perhaps, I should indicate thet?the first week he was tather heavily sedated and this was followed by/a period of treatment by sub-snock insulin. At night he did reosiive sedation. at first this was mandatory but he accepted it without protest and later 2. vas made nore optional as he seemed to improve and there were Gcoasions wien he expressed the opimion that he felt he could sleep quite well without sedation and would do so- If this was mot the wuse he would be civen # nedication e little later. He-had very visitors beouise of the nature of his illness and the restraints ch Were imposed on visiting for therapeutic reasons, He accepted Limitations without protest and, in faot, was not particularly fous to have visitors until he himself felt in a better mood for tig them. physically, iis condition seemed to improve, manifested ‘ly by he geib in weight vhich, although not remarkable, was ‘at ste thrast in # Zavoreble direction, 1 belicve hevgainedsabout e pounts from the time of his admission but thigi#splaced only a jertion of about twenty pounds which he hed lostiprevisusly,, “Sup~ plunontary feedings were inoludad to hasten the redvexy of tie lost weight, AY no tno did Teva hesr hin express sty ugerininely, Smt ho would not recover nor did I ever hear him expréag destroy himself. In reyard to the evaluation 6: work pl| condition it wes indicated by his extermlizetion aid ebility to | express confidence in lis return to health that:hisscondi tion coulé be considered sg showinz tho usual type of imsrovenentiexpected in this type of illness, there is an unevenness about "the recovery Prom depresses situa tlous so that thers were tines when he was less | animated then at other tues but the depth of the depression, as weasured by his resvonsivencas to exteriel stimli of all types | Slearly indicated thet he was following the course which is soon | in depressions waich are lifting or recovering. Ia keeping with what] 4s considered to be intelligent psychiatric measures his privileges are extended in eccordance with what seoned to be his ability to dle then, I+ has boen consistently ‘the endeavor of enlightened tthiudes in the trectient of wontal ilineas to offer them all uscssssry encouraguuest ta believe they will agein be able to idenvif\ menselves wth euclowy. perpetual isolation ona very restricted ovel could howe a very deleterious result even in a self-lini ted on but ne considered thet « m tont undergoing this | @istrass is already the victim of overwhelming | waverse © ed ww utilization of say measures which would) aelp to prouads hin tint this was nottrue. Entirely in keeping with Such on interpretetion of the therapeutic needs of the sa tient suf- Yering from this type of illness Mister Porrestal's ‘privileges vere extonded. This hnd boeu instituted, I beliew, by as mich as three weok before his death and he hendled those privileges, very well atorning eutizely tu the Limitations and yes to a considerable [ vetont eabrackisg He s:larged opportunities for soctaliestion. I | aw nothing in his behe-vior nor dia 1 detect anything in hie conversa, ~ous tony thie mich weld have wade {4 consistent to reverse the | eraeutic eudenyor, Inogmches the illness is characterized to a sunsidershle extent Uy self-deoreoating interpretations and because vy the norel quelity or itister Porrestal's make-up it would be very: iffieult for hin to lie and he was confronted at relatively frequent iavervals with 9 Zuli owluation of the potentials of nis illness so | vat even ied we feild to be eoutoly consoious of over-extending his| cvivileges it is uy opinion tat he vewld have constricted then of hij ia volition. if 1 ore ty offer an opinion reguréing his ultimate $ i vouls consis 2: eo a very impulsive gesture which could sot ye been predicted by sey ueens which he revealed either in iis con-| wrsatioas or Ais nethous. I would base this opinion not only on uy | vat observation but x, discussion with the people who were with him aor to the tuo of lkic impulesve act. soe ox cepresi of so'Loaa Fxasiiued by the bonras 5. 1, yoctor, were you in egreesent vith the general principles of therapy| nd their node of ayglicetioa in this case? ay es, sir. é 0) sptata i Vellew you stated thet there had been no attempts § self-destruction to your knowledge by the petiont An question idle a pation at this hospital? 3, sire ugh there ied been such attempts is it sti1l consietent with wood peychiatio practice to withdraw restrictiena ao the patient ouwessed in recovery? 2. fos) indeed, pire8. c. that 4s your opinion in pleciug « petient with suicidal tendencies ~ “Qoove tho ground wierd he may be ine position to fail cr to jump from such porition? Your question would iavite a loug dissertation on all potentials of suicide. J kaye seem gatients who hang themselves. from door knobs and found it necessary to hold their Imees up from ‘the floor while they were doing At. I have lnow of an instance where a po tient cut her throat whilo the mse was sitting by her Déa reading to her 90 that self-destruction is a foros thet is so (iipélling that 4% is beyond the ability of the normal mind to comprehend its depth and intonsity. ghe desire to dle under those ciroutstances 26 I mye witnessed it is only comparable to the desire af a normal, healtly person to live and if you could reverse ithe. viherein a healthy, normal man 43 threatened witiil hud reverse that to the point where. you could canoe: pot aman desiring to die exercising the same force and duke At will, dna smell way, measure the power “behind 50 far a9 Doing above ‘the ground floor is concerned),|in many hospitels they keep their most disturbed and suicidal patients on the top floor whether it-be ten, fifteen or thirty Stories above the ground but iz all decency and respect for the prospedes of the pationt vith e self-destruction illness they exact ‘oe! guards which are assuned to be adequate, those measures were ¢ alken th Wster Forrostal when they were positively indigated but the lease of the stringency of those meohenical and~physical ‘forces were lessensd as he inproved, This consisted mostlyvor giving him bh Mitte greater novouent about the Floor but not mish beyond ,that. eStiey the recorder nor the uenbers of the board desired further to Ss witnessy he bo.4 informed the yiiuoss that he was privileged to make any further Staten 1% covering anythiu; ng to the subject matter of the investi- ich he 24 witter of record in odmeotion therewith, Snot been fully brougit out by the previous questioning. © s8 seid thet he hed nothing further to state. ou 288 was daly warned and TAtharevi. a . thon, ot 4:30 ysm., s@journed until 9:00 a.m., tomorrow, May 25, ‘TURD DAY SATLONAL NAVAL MEDICAL CEn TER] BETHESDA, MARYLAND. veprmsmay, nay 25, “asho. The vosrd met et 9:10 asme Present: captats Hodical Corps, v- S. Navy (RBts) dotive, Senior “-onbers See WERE Captein » Medieal Corps, U. 8. Navy, 5 Sa Captain » Radical Corps, U.jS. Hawy, tk : : Connancer . | Hodieal corps, G. 8. Yavyy ene 2 : Lieutenant Commender Hodioa] .Goree,) Us 8. iiaws members; end Tieutesnat cedseat Service corps, Us 8.2 ws. Gili, reporter. se a keKo 4. be Be Exanined by the board: i whe record of proceedings of ths second day of the trig] was read and | approves. snes not otherwise connected with the investigation wers present. | rte witiois was called, entered, was duly sworn, and was informed of the wojec matter of the investigation, anined by the recorder: \uevate your name, rate end present station, hespitulnan second, U. S. Navy, I am attached to ‘he Naval Medical School Blood ‘thomistry Department. Qithet were your duties on the night of May 21, 19197 Jud was om laboratory watoh that nights Gould you please tell the board all you lmow about what happened on the night of Hay twenty-first in relation to the death of the late ter Forreste]? wes eitting in the watch room reading a magazine that night when i heard @ loud crash which omme like acrose the passageway which is \e Department of Bacteriology. ly firet thoughts were that « large <.eve or oven in thet room had fell dow to the floor.” I ran in to estigate whet the noise was, looked around the laboratory, Aidn't see anything wrong; don't lmow whit prompted. mé,,,just happened $9 look out the window overlooking the ledge and daw .something- white lsying out there; couldn't see very well, opened winddwiand locked out end saw a man's bedy lying there. Immediately I fa back to the wateh room, woke up other man on watoh, he was sleoping. I called Informtion Desk reported I found @ man's body and-to come up to © passageway opposite three seventy-three. I ran baek into sweteriology. I clémbed out the windor, felt tho manta wrist to see 4" there was any pulse beating; I didn't feel any. Tiidé.other man on wateh came. I told him to wake up the Chief. who. wagon watoh su? notify hin whet happened. When I was out on the iadee T heard the stretcher coning up from the main floor. Iran oly T was rimming all the tine, and showed them where the body waa and there ves & doctor and some attendants. The doctor climbed

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