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BREAKING: SEMVInterpretationofStatutes&PrinciplesofLegislationUnitVClassNotes
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ClassNotesonFamilyLawIIUnitIV(2ndSem/3year
BareActs
LL.B)
ClassNotes
WrittenbyLawJournal | November21,2012 | 0
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WillandInheritance:WillMeaning,DifferencebetweenWillandGift
Advocates&
WillsinMohammedanLaw
Judges
Awillisthedeclarationbytheownerastohowhispropertyistobedistributedafterhisdeath.
ExpertCyberLawyer
FreeHelponCyberLaw.
Polls
advocatesactclass
notesadvocatesact
essaysadvocatesact
lawstudynotes
advocatesactllb
syllabusAlternate
DisputeResolution
class
Awilltakeseffectonthetestatorsdeathandmayberevokedatanytimebeforehisdeath.
Asubsequentwillshallimpliedlyrevokethepreviouswill.
notescriminallaw
EssentialsofavalidWill
1. Itshouldbelawfullymadeandshouldexistatthetimetimeofthelegatorsdeath.
lawlawstudynotes
2. AccordingtoMuslimlaw,Willcanbemadeorallyorbycleargesturesandtheyarevalid.
criminallawllbsyllabus
3. Thelegatorsintentiontomakethewill
environmentallaw
classnotes
4. TermsandconditionsoftheWill
environmentallaw
5. PrecisionoftheWill
essaysenvironmental
lawlawstudynotes
environmentallawllb
6. Awrittenwillneednotbeformalbutfulfillthefollowingconditions:
1. Thelegatorsclearintentionshouldbeproved
syllabus
2. Hissignatureisnotessential
Featured
3. IftheWillissigned,itneednotbeattested
insurancelaw
insurancelawanswers
insurancelawclass
notesinsurancelaw
pptsinsurancelaws
Constitutional
Law
AnyMohammedan,maleorfemalecompleted18yearsandofsoundmindcanexecuteawill.
UndertheShiaLaw,apersonhastakenpoisontocommitsuicidecannotmakeawill.
lawessayscriminal
subject?
Revocationneednotbeexpress.
bankinglaw
classnotescriminal
Whichisyourfavorite
TheWillsinMuslimLawresemblesimilartothePrivilegedWilloftheIndianSuccessionAct.
IndianPenal
Code
Transferof
Property
CyberLaw
ContractLaw
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Thewillisrevocablebythetestatorandso,theWillwhichisnotrevokedafterbeingmade,isenforceable.
TuitionforLLBLaw
Revocationcanbedoneonlybythelegatorduringhislifetimeandnotbyhisheirsorafterhisdeath.
subjectsisavailablein
Bangalore.
RevocationofaWillbythelegatormaybeexpressorimpliedbythelegatorsconduct.
tudynotesinsurance
llbanswers
jurisprudenceclass
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essaysjurisprudence
AsubsequentsaleorgiftofthepropertybequeathedWillamounttorevocationoftheWill.
Contribute
Ifalegatorbequeathsacertainpropertytoaparticularpersonandlaterbequeathsittoanotherperson,then
thelatteramountstorevocationoftheformerWill.
PleasecontributeyourLaw
Notes,LawQuestion
lawstudynotes
UndertheHanafilaw,ifthelegateediesbeforethelegator,thentheWilllapses.InHanafiLaw,insucha
jurisprudencellb
papers,LawCaseBriefs,
case,thefollowingrulesshallapply:
LawNewsAnalysis,or
kslu
syllabus
Afterthelegateesdeath,thelegatorcanrevoketheWill
study
IfthelegatordoesnotrevokethWill,itwillpassontolegateesheirs.
noteslabourlaw
classnoteslabourlaw
otherusefulmaterialfor
fellowstudents.Write&
Helpthecommunity.
Ifthelegateehasnoheir,theWillshalllapse
GeneralRulesofMohammedanLawofInheritance
essayslabourlawlaw
TheMohammedanLawofInheritanceisasystemofinheritance.Itimposesarestrictionuponthetestatorto
studynoteslabourlaw
bequeathonly1/3rdbyWill.Therest2/3rdofthepropertyisavailabletotheheirs.Thetestatorcannot
llbsyllabuslaw
bequeath1/3rdofhispropertytoanyheir,andsuchabequeathisvoidifotherheirsdonotconsenttoitafter
answerslaw
thetestatorsdeath.
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TheonlycriticismsoftheLawofInheritanceinMohammedanLawisthatitcreatesfragmentationofthe
estateanditbecomesuneconomicaltodivideagriculturallands.
1. Applicability
2. Heritableproperty
3. Nojointfamily
publicinternationallaw
4. Noruleofprimogeniture
studynotes
5. Transferofspessuccessionis
whatisadvocatesact
6. Estoppel
whatiscriminallaw
whatisenvironmental
7. Nodisabilityforfemaleheirs
lawwhatis
8. Lifeestateandvestedremainder
jurisprudencewhatis
labourlaw
9. Vestedinheritance
10. Principleofrepresentation
11. Exclusionfrominheritance
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ContingentandConditionalBequests
Willmadeindeathbedorduringillness
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Whenapersoncreates/makesagiftoutofanapprehensionofimminentdeathanddies
feedreader
later,itiscalledDeathBedGift.Inotherwords,ifapersonmakesagiftduringillnessand
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dieslater,itiscalledDeathBedGiftorMarzUlMaut.
Itissubjecttotworestrictions:
(i)disqualificationofheirand
(ii)propertydisposedofshouldnotexceed1/3ofthenetassets.Theserestrictionsmayberelaxedwiththe
consentoftheheirs.
TheDeathBedGiftisvalidonlywhenthedonordiesofillnessduringwhichthewillwasmade.
EssentialsofDeathBedGift:
1. Theremustheanapprehensionastoimmediatedeath.
2. Suchfearofdeathmustbesubjective
3. Theillnessmustnotbeforalongperiodtomakethepatientusedtoit.
4. Toeffectthetransferofproperty,bywayofgiftinanticipationofdeath.
5. Mereapprehensionofdeathastooldageisnotsufficient.
TransferofPropertySection129dealswithDeathBedGiftorDonatioMortisCausa.
IndianSuccessionAct,1925Section191dealswithDeathBedGiftwithregardtomovableproperty.
Examplesofdeathillness:Pneumonia,Gallopingconsumption,rapidconsumption,etc.
MuslimlawofInheritanceShiaandSunnischools
ShiaLaw
HanafiorSunnyLawofInheritance
HibaorMohammedanLawofGift
DistributionofpropertyunderIndianSuccessionActof1925(OfChristians,Parsis
andJews)
DomicileSec.422oftheIndianSuccessionAct,1925
Introduction
IndianSuccessionAct,1925isbasedonfewofenactmentssuchastheIndianSuccessionAct,1865,Hindu
WillsAct,1870,theProbateandAdministrationAct,1881.
Section4.ApplicationofPart.ThisPartshallnotapplyifthedeceasedwasaHindu,
Muhammadan,Buddhist,SikhorJaina.
IndianSuccessionActisapplicabletopersonsofIndiandomicileasgovernedbyprovisionsSec.5to19of
theAct.However,theActisnotapplicableifthedeceasedwasaHindu,Mohammedan,Budhist,SikhorJain.
IntestateSuccessionoftheActarenotapplicabletoparsis.
TheobjectoftheIndianSuccessionActistoconsolidatetheIndianlawsrelatingtosuccession,asthethen
existingstatuesandotherenactmentswerenotcertainandtheywererepugnanttooneanother.
DomicilemeanstherelationshipbetweenapersonandaStatefordeterminingthepersonalstatusandthe
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lawapplicabletosuchapersoninthematterofmajority,marriage,divorce,andsuccession.
ForthepurposeofIndianSuccessionAct,fordealingwiththesuccession,thedomicileisessential.
Section5.Lawregulatingsuccessiontodeceasedpersonsimmoveableand
moveableproperty,respectively.
(1)SuccessiontotheimmoveablepropertyinIndiaofapersondeceasedshallbe
regulatedbythelawofIndia,whereversuchpersonmayhavehadhisdomicileatthetime
ofhisdeath.
(2)Successiontothemoveablepropertyofapersondeceasedisregulatedbythelawof
thecountryinwhichsuchpersonhadhisdomicileatthetimeofhisdeath.
Propertiesaredividedintotwotypesnamely,movableandimmovableproperties.Themovablepropertyis
governedbythelawofsuccessionofthecountryinwhichthedeceasedhadhisdomicileatthetimeofhis
death.
However,asfarasimmovablepropertiesareconcerned,therulesofsuccessionaregovernedbythelawof
theplacewherethepropertyissituated.Domicileofthepersonatthetimeofhisdeathisimmaterial.
Illustrations
(i)A,havinghisdomicileinIndia,diesinFrance,leavingmoveablepropertyinFrance,moveablepropertyin
England,andproperty,bothmoveableandimmoveable,inIndia.Thesuccessiontothewholeisregulated
bythelawofIndia.
(ii)A,anEnglishman,havinghisdomicileinFrance,diesinIndia,andleavesproperty,bothmoveableand
immoveable,inIndia.Thesuccessiontothemoveablepropertyisregulatedbytheruleswhichgovern,in
France,thesuccessiontothemoveablepropertyofanEnglishmandyingdomiciledinFrance,andthe
successiontotheimmoveablepropertyisregulatedbythelawofIndia.
RulesofDomicile
Onlyonedomicileisallowedforaperson.
Therecannotbeapersonwithoutadomicile.
Domicilehastwoessentialfactors.Suchas:
a.FactumofResidence:Physicalhabitationforanindefiniteperiod.
b.Animus:Presentintentiontoresideforanindefiniteperiod.
TypesofDomicile
1.DomicilebybirthorDomicileoforigin
Section7.Domicileoforiginofpersonoflegitimatebirth.Thedomicileoforiginofevery
personoflegitimatebirthisinthecountryinwhichatthetimeofhisbirthhisfatherwas
domiciledor,ifheisaposthumouschild,inthecountryinwhichhisfatherwasdomiciled
atthetimeofthefathersdeath.
Illustration
AtthetimeofthebirthofA,hisfatherwasdomiciledinEngland.AsdomicileoforiginisinEngland,whatever
maybethecountryinwhichhewasborn.
2.DomicilebyChoice
Section10.Acquisitionofnewdomicile.Amanacquiresanewdomicilebytakinguphis
fixedhabitationinacountrywhichisnotthatofhisdomicileoforigin.
Explanation.AmanisnottobedeemedtohavetakenuphisfixedhabitationinIndiamerelybyreasonof
hisresidingthereinthecivil,military,navalorairforceserviceofGovernment,orintheexerciseofany
professionorcalling.
Acquisitionofdomicileinaforeigncountrywherehehasresidedpermanentlywiththeintentionofliving
therepermanently.AppointmentasAmbassador,Consulinaforeigncountrydoesnotconstitutedomicileof
choice.
Rulesofdomicileregardingcertainpersons
1.Minor
Section14.Minorsdomicile.Thedomicileofaminorfollowsthedomicileoftheparent
fromwhomhederivedhisdomicileoforigin.
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Section17.Minorsacquisitionofnewdomicile.Saveashereinbeforeotherwise
providedinthisPart,personcannot,duringminority,acquireanewdomicile.
Minorcanhaveonlydomicileofbirthandnotchoice.Inthecaseoflegitimateminor,thedomicileoftheminor
isthatofhisfatherandinthecaseofillegitimateminor,itishismothers.Ifthedomicileofthemotheris
changed,thenthedomicileoftheminorisalsochangedautomatically.
2.Woman
Section15.Domicileacquiredbywomanonmarriage.Bymarriageawomanacquires
thedomicileofherhusband,ifshehadnotthesamedomicilebefore.
Section16.Wifesdomicileduringmarriage.Awifesdomicileduringhermarriage
followsthedomicileofherhusband.
Aminorfemalecanhavedomicileofherparentsonly.Aftermarriage,herdomicileisthatofherhusband.If
sheisaunmarriedmajor,shecanchangethedomicileasperherwillandpleasure.Thedomicileofthe
divorcedwomandoesnotfollowthedomicileofherdivorcedhusband.
3.Illegitimatechild
Section8.Domicileoforiginofillegitimatechild.Thedomicileoforiginofanillegitimate
childisinthecountryinwhich,atthetimeofhisbirth,hismotherwasdomiciled.
Thedomicileoftheillegitimatechildisthatofitsmother.Afterattainingmajority,itcanchangethedomicileas
perthewillandpleasure.Iftheillegitimatechildisawoman,afterhermarriage,shegetsthedomicileofher
husband.
4.Lunatic
Section18.Lunaticsacquisitionofnewdomicile.Aninsanepersoncannotacquirea
newdomicileinanyotherwaythanbyhisdomicilefollowingthedomicileofanother
person.
Alunaticcannotchangethedomicile.Ifalunaticisamarriedwoman,herdomicileisthatofherhusband.A
lunaticcanhaveonlydomicileoforigin,unlessitischangedbytheguardian,orparentsorhusband.
Procedureforacquiringdomicile
SectionIIoftheIndianSuccessionActprescribesthemodeofacquiringdomicileinIndia.
Declaration
ThepersonwishingtoacquirethedomicileofIndiashoulddeclarehisintentioninwriting.
Deposit
SuchdeclarationinwritingmustbedepositedwiththeRegistrarofDomiciles,whoisappointedbythe
GovernmentofIndiaforthispurpose.
Residence
ThepersonmakingsuchdeclarationanddepositmusthaveresidedinIndiaforatleastoneyearpriortothe
dateofpresentationofthedeclarationfordepositingwiththeRegistrarofDomiciles.
ParsisIntestatesuccessionandNonParsis
Intestatesuccession
Successioncertificate
Probateandlettersofadministration,powersanddutiesofexecutor
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