Tsunami!

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Did you know

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Theword
tsunami comes from the
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Japanese
Thirdword
level meaning harbor
level
wave Fourth
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What is a tsunami?
Tsunamis
a Master
series of
travelling
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styles waves of
extremely
long
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levelwavelength and time
period. Third level
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They aregenerated
when an entire column
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of water is suddenly moved vertically, such
as by the occurrence of great earthquake.

Tsunamis Velocity (speed)

A tsunami
can
well over
kph (600 mph)
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totravel
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styles
in the open ocean - as fast as a jet flies.

level
It can takeSecond
only a few hours for a tsunami to travel
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across an entire
ocean.
Fourth level
A regular wave (generated
Fifth level by the wind) travels at a
speed up to 90 kph (55 mph).
220m/s
800km/hr

70m/s
250km/hr

30m/s
110km/hr

10m/s
36km/hr

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Propagation_du_tsunami_en_profondeur_variable.gif

When the wave enters shallow water, it slows

down and its amplitude (height) increases.
The wave further slows and amplifies as it hits
land.

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Characteristics
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Move
at to
high
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Can travel
enormous distances with
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Fourthloss
level
little energy
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Can cause damage thousands of miles
from its origin
May be several hours between its
creation and its impact on the coast

How are tsunamis

generated?

Earthquakes
common)
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Second
Underwater
or level
sub-aerial landslides
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(less common)
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Volcanic eruptions
(infrequently)
Meteor impact (rarely)

Warning Systems
Many countries
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around the
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Pacific, including
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Hawaii, have Fifth level
warning systems
and evacuation
procedures in the
event of a serious
Pacific Tsunami Warning Center
tsunami.

Warning Systems
Many tsunamis could be
detected before they hit land,
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and the
loss to
of edit
life could
betext styles
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minimized.
Third level
With the use ofFourth
modern
level
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technology, including
seismographs (which detect
earthquakes), computerized
offshore buoys that can
measure changes in wave
height, and a system of sirens
on the beach, we can alert
people of potential tsunami

Signs of an Incoming Tsunami

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If you see the water recede quickly and
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unexpectedly
from
a beach (this is called
Third
level
drawback), run
toward
Fourth
level higher ground or inland
level
-- there may be aFifth
tsunami
coming.
Also, if you are on the coast and there is an
earthquake, it may have caused a tsunami, so
run toward higher ground or inland.

 Some beaches have tsunami warning

sirens -- do not ignore them.
The first wave in a tsunami is often not
the largest;
youMaster
experience
one
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abnormally-huge
Second levelwave, go inland quickly
Third level
-- even bigger
waves could be coming
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soon.
Fifth level

Effects of Tsunamis
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Second level

Destruction
of human life
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Destruction
of property
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Spread of disease
Destruction of ecosystems

2004 Indian Ocean

Earthquake
Undersea
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NOAA

earthquake

Magnitude 9.0
under Indian
Ocean

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Epicenter 150 KM west of

Sumatra
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake

Facts
The earthquake came just three days
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after a magnitude 8.1 earthquake in
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an uninhabited
region west of New
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Zealand Fourth level
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Possible connection between these

two earthquakes
Possibility of a seismic chain
reaction across neighboring plates
has also been considered

Facts
Total energy released by a
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magnitude 9.0 earthquake exceeds
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the total Third
amount
of
energy
level
consumed in
the
Fourth
level U.S. in one month
Fifth level

Massive release of energy and shift

in mass insignificantly altered the
Earth's rotation

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http://geosun.sjsu.edu/~sedlock/112/Dec04IndOcean.tsunami/Sumatra2.jpg

Satellite images of a
coastal village in
Banda Aceh,
Indonesia, before
and after the
December 26, 2004
tsunami.

TSUNAMIS ARE NOT TIDAL

WAVES!
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They often
resemble
a tide that keeps
Second
level
rising, rather
than cresting waves when
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Fourth level
they reach shore.
Fifth level
Tides cause tidal waves, but tsunamis
are caused by under water earthquakes.

Are we able to predict

tsunamis?
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Are animals able to predict

tsunamis?
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Anticipation Guide
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