IT230 - Organization of Databases

Courtesy of Jennifer J. Balbuena &

John Roy A. Geralde of Ateneo de Davao University

Information Resource
Management
the concept that information is a vital
corporate resource and should be
treated as an asset
the same basic principles used to
manage other assets should be used
to manage information systems
the scope of information systems
today is the whole enterprise
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Development

Information Systems
Architecture (ISA)
a conceptual plan containing the
desired information systems structure
of an organization
John Zachman (1987) developed a
framework for developing an ISA
ISA is essential in order to avoid
chaos due to the increased scope and
complexity of information systems
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Data vs. Information

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Information and Data Models

Relationship between an Information
Model and a Data Model

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Zachman ISA Framework

3 major components:
Data
Process
Network
Data - what in an information system
- data entities & their relationships
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Development

Zachman ISA Framework

Process - how in an information
system
- procedures that convert inputs
to
outputs
Network - where in an information
system
- locations where data are stored
and processing is performed
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Development

View of Data
three levels of
abstraction at which
a database could be
viewed:
external or view
level
conceptual or
logical level
internal or physical
level
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external level

user
view1

user
view2

...

user
viewn

logical level

physical level

View of Data
External level - highest level of
abstraction; consists of the user views of
the database
Conceptual level - describes what data
are stored in the database and the
relationships between the data
Internal level - provides the physical view
of the database (complex data structures)
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Traditional System Development Life Cycle

Strategy
and
Analysis

Design
Build
and
Document
Transition
Production

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Database Development
Database Development Life Cycle
(DDLC)
a methodology for designing, implementing
and maintaining database systems

Six stages:
- preliminary planning - design
- feasibility study - implementation
- requirements analysis
- maintenance
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Preliminary Planning
planning for a specific database
system
takes place during the strategic
database planning project
gather information that can be used
to establish relationships between
current applications
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Feasibility Study
determines technological,
operational, schedule, and economic
feasibility of the project
determine costs and benefits (both
tangible and intangible)

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Requirements Analysis
identifies information requirements,
defines the scope of the database,
establishes hardware and software
requirements
develop detailed specifications for
the information systems required to
support the organization
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Development

Design
transforms the information models to
models that conform to the target
technology for IS implementation
2 stages:
logical database design
physical database design

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Implementation
development and installation of the
database system

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Maintenance
correct system errors
enhance the system to fit changing
requirements
back-up and recovery

The Database
Development