Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MeganMcCabe
CynthiaHamlett
English101/9:00A.M.
24July2015
Overfishing:AnAnnotatedBibliography
"Dispellingthe'overfishing'Myth."
SeafoodSource.com
.Ed.JamesWright.Diversified
Communications,18June2012.Web.25July2015.
Inthisshortworkfromthewebsitewrittenaboutprofessor
RayHilborn,
whogivesusan
oppositeviewclaimingthatoverfishingisamyth.Statingthatwhenfishstocksaredepletedits
notfromthefishdisappearing,itsfrommismanagementinthesystem.
ProfessorRayHilborn
,teaches
graduateandundergraduatecoursesinconservation,quantitative
populationdynamicsandriskanalysisat
theSchoolofAquaticandFisherySciences,University
ofWashington.Hespecializesinnaturalresourcemanagementandconservation.Professor
Hilborn
is
arespectedfishery
scientist,whobelievesthatoverfishingisoftenmisunderstood.
Thisviewwillhelpmyresearchbygivingmeabetterunderstandingoftheoppositeviewof
overfishing.Thisinformationwillhelpunderstandtonotbesobiasedinmyresearch.Even
thoughhehasgoodcredentials,theinformationheprovidedwasonesidedanddidnotpersuade
metochangemyviewonoverfishing.
Frid,ChrisL.J.,andOdetteA.L.Paramor."FeedingTheWorld:WhatRoleForFisheries?."
ICESJournalOfMarineScience/JournalDuConseil
69.2(2012):145150.
Academic
SearchComplete
.Web.24July2015.
InthisAcademicJournalittellsus,ofthe7billionpeoplecurrentlyonplanetEarthwithmore
than1billionthataredesignatedasstarving,andatleasttwicethatnumbersufferfrom
micronutrientdeficiencies.Thisjournaltalksofthe
contributionoffisheriesthataresetto
decline,andhowfisheriesgeneratesignificantquantitiesofwaste.Therestofthejournalgoes
ontoexplainwhyaquacultureisanincreasinglyimportantsourceoffoodglobally,thelimitsto
production,andlookingaheadto2050.
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ThisreliablescholarlysourceiswrittenbyChrisL.J.FridfromtheSchoolofEnvironmental
Sciences,UniversityofLiverpool,andOdetteA.L.Paramor,alsofromtheSchoolof
EnvironmentalSciences,andtheUniversityofNottinghamNingbo,China.Theywrotethis
articlein2012intheICES(InternationalCouncilfortheExplorationoftheSea)Journalof
MarineScience,andthroughoutthearticletheystatefactswiththepropercitingshowingthey
didtheproperresearchforthisarticle.Thisbiasedarticlesgoalistoshedsomelighton
overfishingbygivingsomeneedtoknowscientificfacts.Notonlydoesthissourcegivethefacts
theygivesolutionstooverfishinglikeastoloweringtheamountallowedtobefished.
Thissourcewillhelpbyexplaininghowtomeetfoodsecurityneedsinaworldwithachanging
climate,andwhatroleaquaticecosystemshaveinmeetingthesefoodsecurityneeds.Alsoitwill
helpunderstandthateconomicgrowthcannotbesustainedindefinitelyandthatitwillrunintoa
limittogrowthintheformofresourceorproductionlimits.Thispieceofworkonlyhelpedme
provemysidetooverfishing.
Koster,Pepijn.
Overfishing
.PepijnKoster.11Feb.2011.Web.24July2015.
Onthiswebsite,itprovidesthepublicwithaproperdefinition,goodinformationandsome
graphsaboutoverfishing,aglobaldisaster.Thiswebsiteentailswhyoverfishingisaproblem
acrosstheglobeandwhatwecandotohelprestoreourseas.Itdoessobygivingusarticles,
accessiblelinksandadiscussionboardforanyonetoaskortalkabouttheissueathand.Thissite
alsohassomedocumentariestohelpbetterunderstandallanglesofoverfishing.
Thispopularandscholarlyreliablesourcehasbeensponsoredandmostlywritten,unlessstated
otherwise,byPepijnKoster,whohashisBSc(
BachelorofScience)
inCoastalZone
Management
,andMSc(MasterofScience
)inCoastalConservationandManagement.Koster
workstopreserveouroceanandhasacoupleofwebsitesdedicatedtoeducatingthepublicofa
globaldisaster,overfishing.Thoughhisworkisbiasedhecanbeclaimedsaying,Idoeatfish,
loveitactually.Thissourceismostimportantcomparedtotheremainingsources,duetothehis
credentials,andtheinformationthatsgiven.WhenIgoontoreadintheaboutsectiononhis
websiteitstatesthatthelastupdatewasinFebruary11,2011,butunderthedocumentariesthere
havebeenvideosthatwerepostedin2013.
Thissourcefitsintomyresearchbyhelpingmeexplainoverfishingandtheharmitscausingto
ouroceans.Thissourcehelpsarguethattherewillbenofishleftinourseasinfutureyearsto
come.Italsohelpsmeinmyresearchforasolutiontothedepletionoffish.Thissourcehelped
formmyargumentfortheresolvementofoverfishingbyeatinglessfishandtheinformationto
stayawayfrompopularfishthatareoverfished.
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Sala,Enric."YouCanHaveYourFishandEatThemToo."
NationalGeographicBlogs
.
NationalGeographic,25Sept.2012.Web.24July2015.
Inthiswebblog,itgoesontoexplainhowthefisheriesandthemarinereservescanbothremain
healthyandhappy.Healthyforthemarinesreservesbyprotectingfish,plants,coral,andother
marinelifeandhealthyinthewaythatthefisheriescancherrypickoutsideofthemarine
reservesandstillmakegoodmoneybythediversityoffishandfullnetcatches.
ThereputablesourceNationalGeographic,publishesapieceofworkbyDr.EnricSala,amarine
ecologistwhoworksforNationalGeographicasaninresidenceexplorer,who
combines
science,explorationandmediatohelprestoremarinelife
.Hisblogisunbiased,andgivesgood
ideastobothsides.Dr.Salascredentialsmaybesomethingpayingattentionto.Heisvery
straightforwardabouttopicandcomesshareshisideasthatcouldworkforourenvironment.
Thissourceishelpfultomyresearchbygivingasolutiontobothsidesoftheargument.This
referencespointofviewhelpsmeshapeabetterargumentbygivingasolutiontomarine
reservesandcommercialfishing,whatIconsideredtobetheproblem.Ithasntgivenmemuch
newinsightabouttheideaofoverfishingbecauseIdontbelievethatallfisheriesfollowthe
laws,nordoIbelievecherrypickingisokay.
Self,Emily."WhoSpeaksForTheFish?TheTragedyOfEurope'sCommonFisheriesPolicy."
VanderbiltJournalOfTransnationalLaw
48.2(2015):577607.
AcademicSearch
Complete
.Web.24July2015.
ThisjournalfocusesmoreontheCommonFisheriesPolicy,changingthelandscapeofEuropean
UnionLaw,substantivereformsforsustainablefishing,andrecommendationsforexpandingthe
roleofregionaladvisorycouncils,tighterrestrictionsonharmfulfunding,andconstant
sanctionsforillegalfishing.
ThisacademicsourceiswrittenbyEmilySelfastudentfromVanderbiltUniversityLawSchool,
whousesacademicresearchtowriteherresearchpaper,inwhichitsproperlycited,andwas
publishedin
VanderbiltJournalOfTransnationalLaw.
Thissourceishelpfulbyprovidingthepropersolutiontothecontinuousoverfishingcrisisin
Europe,inwhichrequiresexpandingtheroleofRegionalAdvisoryCouncilssotheycan
standardizesanctionsforviolatorsacrosstheregionandrestrictsomestates'abilitytoharmfully
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sponsortheirfishingfleets.Thesechangeswouldhelpprotectourfishagainstcompeting
fishermen,creatingtheregulatoryconditionsnecessarytostoptheopenaccessdynamicthat
prolongsoverfishing.Thisinformationhelpsshapemyargumentbystatinghowweneed
regulatorstomakelawsagainstfisheriesforthewayandhowmuchtheyfish.
Sissenwine,MichaelM.,PamelaM.Mace,andHansJ.Lassen."PreventingOverfishing:
EvolvingApproachesAndEmergingChallenges."
ICESJournalOfMarineScience/
JournalDuConseil
71.2(2014):153156.
AcademicSearchComplete
.Web.25July2015.
Inthisjournalitgoesontoexplaintheevolutionoffisherymanagementframeworkstoprevent
overfishing,andmanagingthefisherieswithmoreprescriptiveframeworksbecauseflexibility
wasabusedandcontributedtooverfishing.Lessflexible,moreprescriptiveframeworksthathave
likelyreducedorcurbedabusebyareductionintheamountofoverfishing.Strongnational
legislationhasalsobeenenactedinseveralcountries,suchasintheUnitedStateswherethe
SustainableFisheriesActforbidsoverfishingandrequiresrebuildingofoverfishedstocks
ThisscholarlysourcewrittenbyMichaelM.Sissenwine(visitingscholar,WoodsHole
OceanographicInstitution),PamelaM.Mace(PrincipalAdvisorFisheriesScience,Resource
ManagementandProgrammes,MinistryforPrimaryIndustries),andHansJ.Lassen(
Nordic
MarineThinkTank,VedLunden),wrotethisarticlein2014inthe
ICES(InternationalCouncil
fortheExplorationoftheSea)JournalofMarineScience.Allthefactsstatedinthisarticleare
wellcited.
Thisarticlehelpsmyargumentforoverfishingingeneral,anditdoessobyexplainingthe
difficultyincreatinganeffectivesystemofprotectingoceanlife,whileattemptingtoaccountfor
seeminglyimmeasurableloopholes.Multispeciesnetworkscomplicatethemethodsbywhich
legislationcanmitigaterisksposedbycreativemethodsofoverfishing.Thelessstrictthecriteria
givenbyfisherymanagement,themoresusceptiblethesystemistoabusivetampering.
Streckenbach,UliHenrik."EndingOverfishing."
Vimeo
.Vimeo,22May2012.Web.25July
2015.
InthisshortVideoclipitshowsandexplains,ingreatdetail,anunquestionablecaseforwhy
overfishingneedstoendandshowsthatthereisstillanopportunityforchange.Itarguesabout
thesizesofthevesselsandthetonsoffishcaughtandtonsoffishwasted.Theclipalsotouches
onthesubjectoffarmedfish,statingthat47%ofourseafoodcomefromfarmedfishing.They
goontoexplainhowfarmedfisharecarnivorousandfeedoffofsmallerfish,needingfivekilos
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ofcapturedwildfishtofeedjustonekilooffarmedsalmon.Thevideoalsotalksaboutthe
amountofBluefinTunaitwouldtaketorestorethepopulationinEurope.Lastlyittellshowto
regainthepopulationoffish.
ThecreatorofthisvideoispartofagroupcalledOcean2012.Ocean2012isaunionof
organisations,createdin2009,dedicatedtotransformingEuropeanFisheriesPolicytostop
overfishing,endingdestructivefishingpracticesanddeliverfairandobjectiveuseofhealthyfish
stocks.Thisbiasedvideosetsthegoaltohelpthepublicunderstandthedamagesthatarebeing
doneandhowmuchitwouldtaketorestoreit.Thissourceisoneofthemoreinformativeclips
Iveseenonoverfishing.
Thisvideohelpsmeinmyresearchbylettingmevisuallyseehowthedamageistakingplace.It
showsagreatdescriptionandexamplesofhowthegiantnetscommercialfishermenareusing.
Whichwillhelpmedescribetomyreadersexactlyhowbigthesenetsareandhelpdescribehow
ouroceanswillsoonbeemptyoffish.Thisvideohasonlystrengthenedmyviewsfor
overfishing.
"Threat1:Overfishing."
SaveOurSeasFoundation
.Ed.LisaBoonzaier.SaveOurSeas
Foundation,n.d.Web.25July2015.
Thisshortarticletalksaboutthefactsandstatisticsofoverfishing.Ittalksaboutthesizeof
fleets,howtheywork,andthemanydifferentmarinelifetheycatchotherthanfish,whichis
calledbycatch.Thissitealsoexplainshowfisheriescapturethefishweeattoday.Thisarticle
alsoshowschartsofthedeclineinmajorpredatorfishlikeBluefinTuna,andotherchartsforthe
anatomyofBottomTrawling.Thearticlealsogivesussomeremediestorepopulatingthefish.
Thispopularsourcecomesfromafoundationthatwascreatedbyscholarstofundprojectsthat
strivesforadeeperunderstandingandmoreinnovativesolutionsinmarineresearch,
conservationandeducation
aroundtheglobe.Thisfoundationworkswith
thebestandbrightest
peoplewhoseinnovativeprojectsmakearealandlastingimpactforthehealthofouroceans
.
Thegroupofpeoplerunningthefoundationisfilledwithdoctors,graduateswiththeirmasters,
bachelors,orhonors,editors,anddirectors.Theresearchonthisarticleisbiased.Itsideswith
overfishingasafact,andgivesexampleastowhy.
Thissourcewillhelpmyresearchbyaddingthefactsofthestatisticsandhelpswithgivinga
betterunderstandinghowoverfishingtakesplace.Thisinformationhelpsexplainmypointof
viewandwillsetupmyargumentwell,astofisheriestakingmorefishthanwhatcannaturally
bereproduced.
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