Task

Assignment 1
FE
Fundamentals
Assignment 2
Good FE
Practice
FE
Fundamentals
Exam
Major Project

Assessment
Mark
Type

Learning
Assessment
Outcomes
Criteria
Assessed

Engineering
Report

10%

Engineering
Report

10%

Exam (2h)

30%

1,2

Engineering
Report

50%

3,4

Total

100%

Technical Results,
Report writing and
communication skills,
creative problem
solving
Thorough planning
and execution, Report
writing and
communication skills.
Correct answer,
Correct working,
Logical approach

Due Tasks or
Submissions

Friday Week 4

Friday Week 6

Thursday Week 8
Monday Week 9
Friday Week 13

Simulation
Tool

Structural
Analysis Tool

Structural
Design Tool

Response of a
structure or
system to the
loads imposed

Measuring critical
loads or failure
criteria

Modifying the
structure to
improve
performance

Calculated
circumference

2r

Number of Edges

Node
Element
Mesh
Load
Boundary Condition
Material Property
TrueGrid

 Compatibility
Equilibrium
Constitutive Law

 Things fit together with no gaps

Each node and element boundary
matches the one beside it.


F2

Fk

F1

Fn

Pn

Pn
lim
A 0 A

Ps

Ps
lim
A 0 A

Megson

Normal components

Shear components

xy

Megson

Perpendicular to
this axis

x,

y,

xy ,

yx ,

yz ,

zy ,

zx , xz

xy

yx

yz

zy

zx

xz

Parallel to this
axis

xy

xz

yx

yz

zx

zy


Sigma

Epsilon

y
Tau

Careful with the

shear terms,
different sources
use different order

x
y

Gamma

yz

yz

zx

zx

xy

xy

1
1

yz

1
E (1 )
(1 )(1 2 ) 0

1
0

zx
xy

0
x

y
z

y
z

(1 2 )
2(1 )

0
(1 2 )
2(1 )

(1 2 )
2(1 )

yz
zx
xy

Continuum
(Displacement only)
Bar
(u)

1D

2D

Truss
(u,v,w)
Plane
stress
(u,v)
Plane
Strain
(u,v)
Bricks
(u,v,w)

3D

Structural
(Displacement and Slope)
Beam
(u,v,w,
x,y,z)

Plate
(u,v,w,
x,y)
Shell
(u,v,w,
x,y,z)

Model of Structure

Different Model
of Structure

Discretised Model

Discretised Model

Magnitude of Errors

Real Structure

Remember:
Refinement does
not make your
closer to REALITY.
Refinement makes
your results closer
to your MODEL!

(a) Von mises stress

(b) Fore-aft load paths showing detail

around mast step

E, A, L
P1

P2

u1

u2

k11
k21

k12
k22

u1
u2

P1
P2

Node 1

Node 2

P1

P2

N
u1=0

N
u2=1

 What if we have multiple elements or

loads?
I

II

III

We can assemble multiple elements using

equilibrium at the nodes (+ compatibility)
P1

P2
P1 I

P2I

P3
P2II

II

P3II

P4
P3III

III

P4III

 At Node 1:
P1 I

At Node 2:

AI EI
u1
LI
P2I

AI EI
u1
LI

AI EI
LI

AII EII
u2
LII

P1

AI EI
u2
LI
P2II

P2

AII EII
u3
LII

0
P1

0
P2

 In matrix form
AI EI
LI

AI EI
LI

AI EI
LI

AI EI
LI

AII EII
LII
AII EII
LII

0
0

AII EII
LII
AII EII
LII

AIII EIII
LIII

AIII EIII
LIII

AIII EIII
LIII

I
u1

0
P1
P2
P3
P4

AIII EIII
LIII

II

u2

u1
u2
u3
u4

III

u3

u4

Ku P
K

F1 = 3kN

Steel Bar, A = 100mm2, L = 1m

X=0

F2 = 1kN

Al Bar, A = 50mm2, L = 600mm

X=1000mm

X=1600mm

u j ui
ij

Lij

ij

Fij

E
u j ui
Lij

E
A

EA
u j ui
Lij

A = 50 mm2
E = 70 GPa

2 kN
1 kN
1000

1000

1000

Q2
v2
u2

Q1

v1

P2

l2
AE lm
L
l2
lm

lm
m2
lm
m2

cos

where

P1

m sin

u1

Fij

l2
lm
l2
lm

lm
m2
lm
m2

xj

u1
v1
u2
v2

xi
L

yj

yi
L

u j ui
EA
l m
v j vi
Lij

P1
Q1
P2
Q2

ui

[K ]

Lij

xj

xi

wi

Pi Qi

l2
lm
EA ln
Lij
l2
lm
ln
yj

vi

yi

Fij

Ri

lm
m2
mn
lm
m2
mn
zj

uj

zi

Pj

ln
mn
n2
ln
mn
n2
2

vj

Qj

Rj

l2
lm
ln
l2
lm
ln
xj

wj

lm
m2
mn
lm
m2
mn
xi

Lij

u j ui
EA
l m n v j vi
Lij
w j wi

ln
mn
n2
ln
mn
n2
yj

yi
Lij

zj

zi
Lij

http://bendingmomentdiagram.com/

Try with truss elements

v1

I
u1

v2

u2

II

v3
u3

0
m 0, l 1
1
AE 0
1
L
0

0
0
0
0

1
0
1
0

0
0
0
0

u1
v1
u2
v2
0v1

0
Q1
0
Q2
Q1 ???!?!?

v1

P2

P1

v2

2
M1

M2
12 EI
L3
6 EI
L2
12 EI
L3
6 EI
L2

6 EI
L2
4 EI
L
6 EI
L2
2 EI
L

12 EI
L3
6 EI
L2
12 EI
L3
6 EI
L2

6 EI
L2
2 EI
L
6 EI
L2
4 EI
L

v1
1

v2
2

P1
M1
P2
M2