INSTRUCTION MANUAL.

CSTR in series.
SET UP

DESCRIPTION
SPECIFICATIONS
INSTALLATION REQUIRMENTS
INSTALLATION AND CONNECTIONS
PRECAUTIONS
TROUBLE SHOOTING

EXPREMENTATION

THEORY
OPERATING PROCEDURE
SYSTEM CONSTANTS
OBSERVATION TABLE
CALCULATIONS

CSTR IN SERIES
AIM:
To study the saponification of ethyl acetate in a constant flow stirrer tank
reactor in series, and to determine percentage conversion and theoretical
conversion.
APPRATUS:
3 C.S.T.R in series, burette, pipette, conical flasks. Measuring cylinders etc.
CHEMICALS :
Ethyl acetate, NaOH, oxalic acid, HCl, indicator.
THEORY:
Saponification of ethyl acetate undergoes as follows:
CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH CH3COONa + C2H5OH
B

Reaction is made homogeneous and is first order with respect to ester and
alkali. The rate of reaction can therefore be written as,
-rA = KCACB

K = 10 lit/gm ole. min at25 deg. C

Performance equation of the constant flow stirred tank reactor is

(VCAO TAO) = -- = (CAO XA) / [K CAO (1 ZA) (M-XA)]
K CAO-- = XA/ (1-XA) (M-XA) ------- (1) M= CBO / CAO when M 1
PROCEDURE:
Prepare the following solutions:
Ethyl acetate 0.1 N, NaOH 0.05N , HCI/Acetic acid -0.05 N
All solutions are prepared freshly and standerdise NaOH with oxalic acid. The
experiment is to be carried out at room temperature. Fill up the overhead
tanks with 5 lits of NaOH and ethyl acetate.
reactors.

Find out the volume of the

Adjust total flow rate into the reactor in such a way to have

residence time of 4-5 min.

Collect the samples after 2time. At interval of 5

min collect 4-5 samples. Titrate the sample against HCI immediately ( as the
reaction is very fast experiment is carried out without arrestation.)
For steady state to be approached a low 2 to 3 time to be elapsed before
taking samples for titration.
OBSERVATION:
Volume of reactor V
Vol. flow rate of ester =

VB

Vol. flow rate of NaOH =

VA

Normality of ester = CBO

Normality of NaOH = CAO
Normality of oxalic acid = NOX
Normality of HCI = NHCI
Note : repeat same procedure for each reactor.

Sr. No.

Time ( min)

Reactor no.

Burette

reading

( VHCI)
Reactor 1
Reactor 2
Reactor 3
CALCULATIONS:
--= V / (VA +

VB)

CA = NHCI VHCI / V

sample

CAO = CAO CA) / CAO

Theoretical conversion can be calculated by
K CAO -- = XA / (1 XA) (M-XA) ------ (1)

M = CBO CAO when M 1

RESULT:
The saponification of ethyl acetate in CSTR is studied and
1. Experimental conversion = reactor 1 =
reactor 3 =
2. Theoretical conversion =

reactor 2 =