Chronic Adaptions

Anaerobic

Chronic Adaptions to Anaerobic Training

Muscular Fast Twitch Fibres
Muscular hypertrophy
Increased muscular stores of ATP and PC
Increased glycolytic capacity
Incrased ATPase
Cardiac hypertrophy
Increased tolerance to metabolic by products
an increase in the strength and size of connective
tissues such as tendons and ligaments

Increased glycolytic
capacity
Increased muscular stores of glycogen
Increased glycolytic enzymes
occur during adaption to anaerobic training.

What energy system would this benefit??

How would this benefit performance?

Increased Glycogen stores = Increased amount of glycogen as a fuel source

Increased glycolytic enzymes = Increased Rate of ATP release from glycogen
.

Muscular Hypertrophy
Anaerobic training can lead to significant enlargement of
muscle fibres. (Hypertrophy)

This includes increase in the number and size of myofibrils

Increased size of actin and myosin
Increased total amount of contractile protein.
Increased amounts of connective tissue
The greatest gain we get is in Type 2A Fast Twitch Fibres
Muscular Hypertrophy = Greater strength
What other fitness components would benefit form muscular
hypertrophy??

Increase in the strength and size of

connective tissues

Includes tendons and ligaments

This is associated with the increase in size of the
muscle and allows a stronger attachment to the
bone.

How would this benefit performance?

Increased tolerance to
metabolic by products
Anaerobic training allows for the athlete to
produce very high levels of lactic acid

The athlete develops a greater tolerance to

lactic acid. (Lactate and H+ ions)

This means that an athlete can use a higher

percentage of the anaerobic systems creating a
faster rate of ATP production.

This increases the bodies ability to work at

higher intensities.

Increased muscular
stores of ATP and CP
Anaerobic training results in greater stores of
ATP and PC as well as the enzymes we need to
break them down.

What energy system would benefit from this?

How would it improve performance?

Increased ATPase
ATPase is a catalyst that assists in the
breakdown of ATP into ADP.

The increase of ATPase helps increase the rate

of turnover of ATP.

Chronic Adaptions to Anaerobic Training

Neural Adaptations from Strength
Training
Increased muscle buffering and increased motor
unit recruitment

Increased speed of nerve-impulse transmission

to the muscle cells

Increased number of motor units recruited

Increased speed of muscular contraction.

Increase in the speed of nerveimpulse transmission to the muscle

cells
an increase in the speed of muscular contraction
and therefore greater rate of force development

How would this benefit in sport?

Increase in the number of motor

units recruited
Results in a more efficient relationship between
nervous and muscular system therefore greater
force production when muscles contract

Cardiac hypertrophy
Hypertrophy (enlargement) of the heart.
Anaerobic training produces an increase in the
thickness of the ventricular walls

Your turn!
Name the training methods that develop chronic anaerobic adaptations in muscle
tissue.

A) Identify three types of athlete most likely to develop chronic adaptations as a

result of participating in an anaerobic training program.

B) For each athlete identified in part (a), explain why they develop such
adaptations.

Still your turn!

Outline three chronic adaptations that may occur at the muscular
level as a result of involvement in an anaerobic training program of at
least 6 weeks' duration.

Discuss how these adaptations can lead to improved performance.

One more!
An athlete participates in the following training program over a period of 6 weeks.
Session 1:5 100 m runs, each taking 14 seconds
5 80 m runs, each taking 12 seconds
Work-to-rest ratio of 1:3Session 2:5 60 m runs, each taking 9 seconds
5 40 m runs, each taking 7 seconds
Work-to-rest ratio of 1:5

The athlete notices a reduction in time taken to complete each of the runs as the weeks progress.
Identify and explain the chronic adaptations that have occurred to allow the athlete to run faster.