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BAB IV
PERHITUNGAN KONSTRUKSI
4.1. DATA-DATA PERHITUNGAN
4.1.1. Ukuran Kapal
Dimensi kapal berukuran 112 GT yang direncanakan mampu dilayani oleh
konstruksi pintu air ini adalah sesuai dengan referensi yang kami peroleh dari Biro
Klasifikasi Indonesia (BKI) Tanjung Mas Semarang, yaitu :
1. Panjang Maksimum ( l )
= 25,8 m
= 5,90 m
3. Draft (d)
= 2,25 m
66
Sudut Geser
Kohesi (c)
(m)
Tanah ()
(
) ton/m
Ton/m 2
-4,00-4,50
14,00
1.6642
0.16
-9,00-9,50
21,00
1.6763
0.14
-14.00-14,50
23,00
1.6884
0.15
Elevasi
Tanggul
Elevasi
Muka Air
Kelonggaran
Bawah
Ambang
Elevasi
Dasar Saluran
67
Sal B
Sal C
Kamar
+36,00
+33,00
+31,00
+36,00
Draft
2,25
2,25
2,25
(diambil yang
Kelonggaran Bawah
tertinggi)
Ambang
+31,75
+28,75
+26,75
+26,75
Free Board
(terendah)
Elevasi Tanggul
+37,00
+37,00
+37,00
t g t g m
g t g
t m
Draft
m g t g t
b
Ukuran (m)
25,80
5,90
Draft (d)
2,25
1,00
1,50
1,00
2,50
1,00
0,25
0,03
68
Dimensi gerbang dan kamar direncanakan seperti gambar di atas, dengan ukuran-ukuran
yang tercantum dalam tabel :
Tabel 4.4 Dimensi Gerbang dan Kamar
v (m)
a (m)
W (m)
5,90
7,90
a (m)
l (m)
D (m)
Akamar(m 2)
25,80
27,80
606,987
q
H
790
Paw
.
w
790
= 2,1*106 kg/cm2
Profil-profil tersebut disusun sejajar dari atas ke bawah. Antara dua schotbalk ini
69
= 250 mm
= 255 mm
= 14 mm
= 14 mm
Ix = 11500 cm4
W x = 919 cm3
2). Perhitungan Pembebanan
q
= 67,47 kg/cm2
70
5.L2 .M
5.7902 x 422730,23
=
= 1,13 cm
48.E.I x
48 x 2,1*10 6 x 11500
< ijin = 1/500.L = 1/500 x 790 cm = 1,58 cm (Aman)
=
Hsaluran
= 525 / 25,5 = 20.588 buah, dipakai 21 buah
bprofil
Karena ada dua schotbalk pada sebelah luar gerbang masing-masing saluran, maka
n =
diperlukan 2 x 21 = 42 buah.
c. Balok Pengaku
Bahan dan dimensi bracing sama dengan schotbalk, panjang 100 cm dengan jarak antar
bracing 50 cm pada daerah tumpuan dan 100 cm pada bagian tengah bentang
schotbalk.
Lempung
Profil Baja
Bracing
50
100
Tampak atas
Baja Profil
Bracing
25,5
25
100
25
Potongan A - A
Gambar 4.5 Balok Bracing pada Schotbalk
W
Paw
1
2
71
= 0,1601 m = 16,01 cm 17 cm
= 790 cm
h = tinggi profil
= 25 cm
a = 0,5.h + 5
= 17,5 cm > a = 17 cm
(dipakai minimum 30 cm)
b = a + 3 + 0,1.h
= 35,5 cm 36 cm
= H + Fb = 4,25 + 1 = 5,25 m
Lebar schotbalk
= W + 2a = 850 cm
g
a
72
t g t g m
+ 37,00
+ 36,00
+ 33,00
W
+ 31,75
L tot
Lempung
Paw
.
w
790
= 2,1*106 kg/cm2
73
= 250 mm
= 255 mm
= 14 mm
= 14 mm
Ix = 11500 cm4
W x = 919 cm3
b. Perhitungan Pembebanan
q
c. Perhitungan Momen
q
D.Sx
2140,406 x 507,507
=
= 67,47 kg/cm2
d.I x
1,4 x 11500
2
<
ijin = 812 kg/cm (Aman)
Hsaluran
= 525 / 25,5= 20.588 buah, dipakai 21 buah
bprofil
Karena ada dua schotbalk pada sebelah luar gerbang masing-masing saluran ,
n=
74
3. Balok Pengaku
Bahan dan dimensi bracing sama dengan schotbalk, panjang 100 cm dengan
jarak antar bracing 50 cm pada daerah tumpuan dan 100 cm pada bagian tengah
bentang schotbalk.
Lempung
Profil Baja
Bracing
50
100
Tampak atas
Profil Baja
Bracing
25,5
25
100
25
Potongan A-A
Gambar 4.11 Balok Bracing pada Schotbalk A
W
Paw
1
2
= 0,1601 m = 16,01 cm 17 cm
geser :
75
= 790 cm
h = tinggi profil
= 25 cm
a = 0,5.h + 5
= 17,5 cm > a = 17 cm
(dipakai minimum 30 cm)
= 35,5 cm 36 cm
b = a + 3 + 0,1.h
= H + Fb = 4,25 + 1 = 5,25 m
Lebar schotbalk
= W + 2a = 850 cm
g
a b
t g t g m
+ 37,00
+ 36,00
+ 33,00
W
+ 28,75
L tot
76
= 2,1*106 kg/cm2
= 440 mm
= 300 mm
= 11 mm
= 18 mm
Ix
= 56100 cm4
W x = 2550 cm3
b. Perhitungan Pembebanan
q
c. Perhitungan Momen
q
77
D.Sx
4295,625 x 1363.822
=
= 94.9355 kg/cm2
d.I x
1,1 x 56100
2
<
ijin = 812 kg/cm (Aman)
Hsaluran
= 825 / 30 = 27,5 buah, dipakai 28 buah
bprofil
Karena ada dua schotbalk pada sebelah dalam kamar saluran B, maka
n=
diperlukan 2 x 28 = 56 buah.
3. Balok Pengaku
Bahan dan dimensi bracing sama dengan schotbalk, panjang 100 cm dengan
jarak antar bracing 50 cm pada daerah tumpuan dan 100 cm pada bagian tengah
bentang schotbalk.
Lempung
Profil Baja
Bracing
50
100
Tampak atas
Profil Baja
Bracing
30
44
100
44
Potongan A-A
Gambar 4.16 Balok Bracing pada Schotbalk B
78
W
Paw
1
2 P
= 0,2522 m = 25.22 cm 26 cm
= 790 cm
h = tinggi profil
= 44 cm
a = 0,5.h + 5
= 27 cm > a = 26 cm
(dipakai minimum 30 cm)
b = a + 3 + 0,1.h
= 37,4 cm 38 cm
= H + Fb = 7,25 + 1 = 8,25 m
Lebar schotbalk
= W + 2a = 850 cm
g
a
79
t g t g m
+ 37,00
+ 36,00
+ 33,00
+ 31,00
+ 26,75
L tot
= 2,1*106 kg/cm2
b
h
= 500 mm
= 200 mm
= 10 mm
= 16 mm
Ix
= 47800 cm4
W x = 1910 cm3
80
b. Perhitungan Pembebanan
q
c. Perhitungan Momen
q
5.L2 .M
5.790 2 x 721615,625
=
= 0,467 cm
48.E.I x
48 x 2,1.10 6 x 47800
Hsaluran
= 1025 / 20 = 51.25 buah, dipakai 52 buah
bprofil
Karena ada dua schotbalk pada sebelah dalam kamar saluran C, maka
n=
3. Balok Pengaku
Bahan dan dimensi bracing sama dengan schotbalk, panjang 100 cm dengan
jarak antar bracing 50 cm pada daerah tumpuan dan 100 cm pada bagian tengah
bentang schotbalk.
81
Lempung
Profil Baja
Bracing
50
100
Tampak atas
Profil Baja
Bracing
20
50
100
50
Potongan A-A
Gambar 4.21 Balok Bracing pada Schotbalk C
W
Paw
1
2 P
= 0,3134 m = 31,33 cm 32 cm
82
= 790 cm
h = tinggi profil
= 50 cm
a = 0,5.h + 5
= 30 cm < a = 32 cm
(dipakai 32 cm)
b = a + 3 + 0,1.h
= 40 cm
gBluar = h + 3 + 0,1.h + 1 = 59 cm
Tinggi schotbalk
= H + Fb = 9.25 + 1 = 10,25 m
Lebar schotbalk
= W + 2a = 854 cm
g
a b
t g t g m
+ 37,00
+ 36,00
+ 33,00
W
+ 31,75
L tot
83
= w..(h1+h2).b
L =
= 4,16367 m = 416,367 cm
c. Momen yang terjadi :
1). Momen pada balok horizontal
M = 1/8.qh.L2
Dimana : L = lebar pintu (praktis) = 416,367 cm
qh = 3,028 t/m = 30,28 kg/cm
M = 1/8.qh.L2 = 1/8 x 30,28 x 416,3672 = 656201,602 kg cm
2). Momen pada balok vertikal
M = 1/8.qv.b2
Dimana : b
ijin =
W nt
W br =
1,25.M
1,25 x 656201,602
=
= 585,894 cm3
1400
84
= 30 cm
W x = 1360 cm3
= 30 cm
Ix
= 20400 cm4
= 1 cm
= 1,5 cm
t
d
Terhadap lentur :
=
M
656201,602
=
= 482,501 kg/cm2
Wx
1360
D.S x
6304,076 x 732,375
=
= 15,088 kg/cm2
d.I x
1 x 20400
5.L2 .M
5 x 416,367 2 x 656201,602
=
= 0,29 cm
48.E.I x
48 x 2,1 x 10 6 x 20400
= 30 cm
W x = 494 cm3
= 9 cm
Ix
= 7400 cm4
= 1 cm
= 1,55 cm
M
656201,602
=
Wx
494
= 1328,343 kg/cm2
85
Terhadap Geser :
D = .q.L = x 30,28 x 416,367 = 6304,076 kg
Sx = d..h..h + (b - d).t..(h - t)
= 1..30..30 + (9 - 1).1,55..(30 - 1,55) = 288,89 cm3
=
D.S x
6304,076 x 288,89
=
= 158,778 kg/cm2
d.I x
1 x 7400
5.L2 .M
5 x 416,367 2 x 656201,602
=
= 0,801 cm
48.E.I x
48 x 2,1 x 10 6 x 7400
.k.P.a 2 .b 2
ijin =
(a 2 b2 )t 2
1 x 0,8 x 0,405 x 59,48 2 x 39,252
1400 = 2
(59,48 2 39,25 2 )t 2
t2
= 0,124 t = 0.353 cm
1
b. Segmen 2
a = jarak antar balok vertikal = 1/7.L = 1/7 x 416,367 = 59,481cm
b = jarak antar balok horisontal = 89,75 cm
Perhitungan :
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2 dan k = 0,8
P
.k.P.a 2 .b 2
ijin =
(a 2 b 2 )t 2
1 x 0,8 x 0,304 x 59,48 2 x 89,752
1400 = 2
(59,48 2 89,75 2 )t 2
t2
= 0,239 t = 0,489 cm
1
86
c. Segmen 3
a = jarak antar balok vertikal = 1/7.L = 1/7 x 416,367= 59,481 cm
b = jarak antar balok horisontal = 132,333 cm
Perhitungan :
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2 dan k = 0,8
P
.k.P.a 2 .b 2
(a 2 b 2 )t 2
1 x 0,8 x 0,2298 x 59,48 2 x 132,332
1400 = 2
(59,48 2 132,33 2 )t 2
t2
= 0,193 t = 0,44 cm
ijin =
d. Segmen 4
a = jarak antar balok vertikal = 1/7.L = 1/7 x 416,367= 59,481 cm
b = jarak antar balok horisontal = 163,667 cm
Perhitungan :
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2 dan k = 0,8
P
.k.P.a 2 .b 2
(a 2 b 2 )t 2
1 x 0,8 x 0,0818 x 59,48 2 x 163,662
1400 = 2
(59,482 163,66 2 )t 2
t2
= 0,073 t = 0,27 cm
ijin =
= 25 cm
m = 3 cm
= 15 cm
= 15
= 1/5.tp = 6,2 cm
= 12 cm
87
w/2 z m tp/2
+ tp/2 + (j.tg )
Cos o
L =
790/2 12 3 (31/2)
+ (31/2) + (6,2 tan 15) = 457,672 cm
Cos 15 o
66
65
66
65
66
66
100
163,67
245,50
525
132,33
425
101
89,75
78,50
39,25
460
Pintu Gerbang
Kw1
Fb
Fb
a
H'
2
3
H'
P
1
3
Kg2
0,5 m
Ambang
H'
H'
Kw2
Ambang
88
459,9 kg
2961,0 kg
402,96 kg
1729,6 kg
= 1,627,894 kg +
Q =
7181,354 kg
(G x a)
h
(8258,557 x 2,3)
= 3618,034 kg
5,25
Kg1 = Kg = 3618,034 kg ( )
Kg2 = Kg = 3618,034 kg ( )
4). Keseimbangan Akibat Tekanan Hidrostatis
Fb = tinggi jagaan (freeboard) = 1 m,
L = lebar pintu = 4,6 m
Tinggi ambang = 1 m, H = 4,25 m
H = H - tinggi ambang = 4,25 - 1 = 3,25 m
P
P( 1 3 H' )
24293,75 ( 13 x 3,25)
=
= 5012,996 kg ()
h
5,25
P(Fb 2 3 H' ) 24293,75 (1 2 3 x 3,25)
Kw 2 =
=
= 14653,373 kg ()
h
5,25
Kw 1 =
89
(Kg 1 ) 2 (Kw 1 ) 2
(3618,034) 2 (5012,996) 2 = 6182,257 kg
y = 10 cm
M = y.K = 10 x 6182,257 = 61822,57 kg cm
.D3
M
W =
dan W =
ijin = 1400 kg/cm 2
32
ijin
3,14.D3
61822,57
=
D = 7,663 cm
32
1400
Diambil diameter pen engsel = 8 cm
Check terhadap geser :
=
4.K'
4 x 6182,57
=
= 178,809 kg/cm2
2
2
3..R
3 x 3,14 x 4
<
ijin
= 812 kg/cm2
K"
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
2855,801
..D2 =
D = 1,612 cm
1400
F =
' bk = 0,56
K"
bs
2855,801
a = 5,666 cm
8,4
(3 adalah banyaknya bidang geser, yaitu : kiri, kanan, bawah).
3 (a x L) =
90
M
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
8400
= 1,342 cm
1400
7919,596
= 1,303 cm
1400
G
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
..D2 = 5,899 D = 2,741 cm
F =
4.K'
< ijin = 812 kg/cm2
3..R 2
812 =
4 x 6182,257
3 x 3,14 x R 2
R = 1,798 cm 2 cm
F =
91
K2
' bk
14653,373
a = 8,07 cm, diambil ukuran 20 x 20 cm
225
M
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
8400
= 1,342 cm 1,4 cm
1400
t g t gm
+37,00
+36,00
+33,00
W
+31,75
Ltot
92
(1/6W) (1/2W)
2
= 4,16367 m = 416,367 cm
c. Momen yang terjadi :
1). Momen pada balok horizontal
M = 1/8.qh.L2
Dimana : L
qh
= 30489,796 kg cm
M
dengan M = 656201,602 kg cm
Wn t
W nt = 0,8.Wbr
W br =
1400
= 30 cm
Wx
= 1360 cm
= 30 cm
Ix
= 20400 cm
= 1 cm
= 1,5 cm
93
M
656201,602
=
= 482,501 kg/cm2
Wx
1360
D.S x
6304,076 x 732,375
=
= 15,088 kg/cm2
d.I x
1 x 20400
5 x 416,367 2 x 656201,602
5.L2 .M
=
= 0,29 cm
48.E.I x
48 x 2,1* 10 6 x 20400
< f
ijin =
= 30 cm
W x = 494 cm3
= 9 cm
Ix
= 7400 cm4
= 1 cm
= 1,55 cm
Terhadap lentur
=
M
656201,602
=
= 1328,343 kg/cm2
Wx
494
D.S x
6304,076 x 288,89
=
= 158,778 kg/cm2
d.I x
1 x 7400
5.L2 .M
5 x 416,367 2 x 656201,602
=
= 0,801 cm
48.E.I x
48 x 2,1*10 6 x 7400
94
.k.P.a 2 .b2
(a 2 b2 )t 2
1 x 0,8 x 0,405 x 59,4812 x 39,25 2
1400 = 2
(59,4812 39,25 2 )t 2
t2
= 0,124 t = 0.353 cm
ijin =
b. Segmen 2
a = jarak antar balok vertikal = 1/7.L = 1/7 x 416,366 = 59,481 cm
b = jarak antar balok horisontal = 89,75 cm
Perhitungan :
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2 dan k = 0,8
P
.k.P.a 2 .b 2
(a 2 b2 )t 2
1 x 0,8 x 0,341 x 59,481 2 x 89,75
1400 = 2
(59,4812 89,75 2 )t 2
t2
= 0,239 t = 0,489 cm
ijin =
c. Segmen 3
a = jarak antar balok vertikal = 1/7.L = 1/7 x 416,367 = 59,481 cm
b = jarak antar balok horisontal = 132,333 cm
Perhitungan :
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2 dan k = 0,8
P
ijin =
.k.P.a 2 .b 2
(a 2 b2 )t 2
1400 =
t2
= 0,193 t = 0,44 cm
95
d. Segmen 4
a = jarak antar balok vertikal = 1/7.L = 1/7 x 416,366 = 59,48 cm
b = jarak antar balok horisontal = 163,66 cm
Perhitungan :
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2 dan k = 0,8
= x 1 x (1,637) = 0,818 t/m2 = 0,0818 t/cm2
ijin =
.k.P.a 2 .b 2
(a 2 b2 )t 2
1400 =
= 0,073 t = 0,270 cm
t2
= 1/5.tp = 6,2 cm
= 25 cm
m = 3 cm
= 15 cm
= 12 cm
= 15
L =
=
w/2 z m tp/2
+ tp /2 + (j.tg )
Cos o
790/2 12 3 (31/2)
+ (31/2) + (6,2 tan 15)
Cos 15o
= 457,672 cm
Diambil lebar pintu gerbang 460 cm
96
66
66
65
66
65
66
66
100
163,67
245,50
525
132,33
425
101
89,75
78,50
39,25
460
Gambar 4.28 Pembebanan dan Penempatan Profil Pintu Gerbang Saluran B (Luar)
Kg1
Kw1
Fb
Fb
a
H'
2
3
H'
H'
1
3 H'
Kg2
0,5 m
Kw2
Ambang
Ambang
97
459,9 kg
2691,0 kg
402,96 kg
1729,6 kg
= 1627,894 kg +
Q =
7181,354 kg
= 8258,557 kg
Kg
(G x a)
(8258,557 x 2,3)
=
= 3618,034 kg
h
5,25
Kg1 = Kg = 3618,034 kg ( )
Kg2 = Kg = 3618,034 kg ( )
4). Keseimbangan Akibat Tekanan Hidrostatis
Fb = tinggi jagaan (freeboard) = 1 m,
L = lebar pintu = 4,6 m
Tinggi ambang = 1 m, H = 5,25 m
H = H - tinggi ambang = 4,25 - 1 = 3,25 m
2
2
P = .
w(H) .L = x 1 x 3,25 x 4,6 = 24,29375 t = 24293,75 kg
24293,75 ( 13 x 3,25)
P( 1 3 H' )
=
= 5012,996 kg ( )
3h
3 x 5,25
P(Fb 2 3 H' ) 24293,75 (1 2 3 x 3,25)
Kw 2 =
=
= 14653,373 kg ()
h
5,25
Kw 1 =
(Kg 1 ) (Kw 1 )
2
y = 10 cm
M = y.K = 10 x 6182,257 = 61822,57 kg cm
W =
M
.D3
dan W =
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
32
ijin
98
3,14.D3
61822,57
=
D = 7,663 cm
32
1400
Diambil diameter pen engsel = 8 cm
Check terhadap geser :
=
4.K'
4 x 6182,57
=
= 178,809 kg/cm2
2
2
3..R
3 x 3,14 x 4
2
<
ijin = 812 kg/cm
K"
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
2855,801
..D2 =
D = 1,612 cm
1400
F =
K"
bs
2855,801
a = 5,666 cm
8,4
(3 adalah banyaknya bidang geser, yaitu : kiri, kanan,
3 (a x L) =
bawah).
Diambil ukuran pelat angker 20 x 20 cm
c). Tinjauan terhadap potongan I - I
M = .bs.a.(.a)2 = 1/8.bs.a3 = 1/8 x 8,4 x 20 3
= 8400 kg cm
2
W = 1/6.a.
dan W =
2
1/6 x 20 x
=
M
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
8400
= 1,342 cm
1400
99
G
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
D2 = 5,899 D = 2,741 cm
Diambil diameter pen angker = 3 cm = 30 mm
Check terhadap geser :
=
4.K'
< ijin = 812 kg/cm2
2
3..R
814 =
4 x 6182,257
R = 1,798 cm 2 cm
3 x 3,14 x R 2
G
' bk
a2
8258,557
a = 6,058 cm
225
Diambil ukuran 20 x 20 cm
100
F =
Diambil ukuran 20 x 20 cm
c). Tinjauan potongan I - I
I
2
1/6 x 20 x
=
M
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
8400
= 1,342 cm
1400
= 5,257 t/m
q2 = 1 x .(5,616 + 6,485).0,869
= 5,256 t/m
q3 = 1 x .(4,585 + 5,616).1,031
= 5,256 t/m
q4 = 1 x .(3,242 + 4,585).1,343
= 5,256 t/m
q5 = 1 x .3,242.3,242
= 5,256 t/m
101
(1/6W) 2 (1/2W) 2
(1/6 x 7,9) 2 (1/2 x 7,9) 2
= 4,16367 m = 416,367 cm
c. Momen yang terjadi :
1). Momen pada balok horisontal :
qh = 5,257 t/m = 52,569 kg/cm
M = 1/8.qh.L2 = 1/8 x 52,569 x 416,3672
= 1139173,17 kg cm
2). Momen pada balok vertikal
M = 1/8.qv.b2
Dimana :b
= 43877,476 kg cm
= 59260,486 kg cm
M
dengan M = 1139173,17 kg cm
Wn t
W nt = 0,8 Wbr
W br =
1,25.M
1,25 x 1139173,17
=
= 1017,119 cm3
1400
102
= 40 cm
= 1,3 cm
= 20 cm
W x = 1190 cm3
= 0,8 cm
Ix
t
d
= 23700 cm4
Terhadap lentur :
=
M
1139173,17
=
= 957,288 kg/cm2
Wx
1190
D.S x
10943,945 x 678,784
=
= 24,111 kg/cm2
d.I x
0,8 x 1190
= 40 cm
W x = 1020 cm3
= 11 cm
Ix
= 20350 cm4
= 1,4 cm
= 1,8 cm
Terhadap lentur
=
M 1139173,17
=
= 1116,836 kg/cm2
Wx
1020
103
Terhadap Geser :
D = .q.L = x 57,569 x 416,367 = 10943,945 kg
Sx = d..h..h + (b - d).t..(h - t)
= 1,4..40..40 + (11 - 1,4).1,8..(40 - 1,8)
= 610,048 cm3
=
D.S x
10943,945 x 610,048
=
= 182,264 kg/cm2
d.I x
1,4 x 20350
5 x 416,367 2 x 1139173,17
5.L2 .M
=
= 0,505 cm
48.E.I x
48 x 2,1* 10 6 x 20350
= .w.(h1 + h2)
ijin =
.k.P.a 2 .b 2
(a 2 b 2 )t 2
1
t (cm)
725
686,725
0,706
0,457
81,715
686,725
605,01
0,646
0,653
94,965
605,01
510,045
0,558
0,636
118,675 510,045
391,37
0,451
0,603
175,223
216,147
0,304
0,525
216,147 216,147
0,108
0,319
Segmen
b (cm)
h1 (cm)
38,275
391,37
104
= 1/5.tp = 8,2 cm
= 25 cm
m = 3 cm
= 15 cm
= 12 cm
= 15o
L =
=
w/2 z m tp/2
+ tp/2 + (j.tg )
Cos o
790/2 12 3 (41/2)
+ (41/2) + (8,2 tan 15 o)
o
Cos 15
= 468,384 cm
Diambil lebar pintu gerbang 470 cm
67,5 67
67
67
67
67
67,5
100,00
216,15
324,22
175,22
825
725
134,30
118,68
103,05
94,97
86,88
81,72
76,55
38,27
470
Gambar 4.30 Pembebanan dan Penempatan Profil Pintu Gerbang Saluran B (Dalam)
105
Kg1
Kw1
Fb
Fb
a
H'
2
3
H'
H'
1
3
Kg2
0,5 m
H'
Kw2
Ambang
Ambang
1184,7 kg
3267 kg
74,92 kg
1861,2 kg
2558,119 kg +
Q = 9545,939 kg
Safety Factor = 15 % x Q = 0,15 x 9545,939 = 1431,891 kg
Berat pintu (G) = 9545,939 + 1431,891 = 10977,83 kg
3). Keseimbangan Akibat Berat Pintu
a = 0,5 x 4,7 = 2,35 m
G = 10977,83 kg
Kg
(G x a)
(10977,83 x 2,35)
=
= 3127,018 kg
h
8,25
106
Kg1 = Kg = 3127,018 kg ( )
Kg2 = Kg = 3127,018 kg ( )
4). Keseimbangan Akibat Tekanan Hidrostatis
Fb = tinggi jagaan (freeboard) = 1 m, L = lebar pintu = 4,7 m
Tinggi ambang = 1 m, H = 7,25 m
H = H - tinggi ambang = 7,25 - 1 = 6,25 m
2
2
P = .
w.(H) .L = x 1 x 6,25 x 4,7 = 91,797 t = 91796,875 kg
Kw 1 =
Kw 2 =
P( 1 3 H' )
h
91796,875 ( 13 x 6,25)
= 23181,029 kg ()
8,25
= 57488,952 kg ()
5). Perhitungan Diameter Pen Engsel
K =
=
(Kg 1 ) 2 (Kw 1 ) 2
(3127,018) 2 (23181,029) 2 = 23390,989 kg
y = 10 cm
M = y.K = 10 x 23390,989 = 233909,89 kg cm
W =
.D3
M
dan W =
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
32
ijin
3,14. D3
233909,89
=
32
1400
D = 11,941 cm
4.K'
3..R
4 x 23390,989
= 275,902 kg/cm2
2
3 x 3,14 x 6
K"
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
10805,116
D = 3,136 cm
1400
Diambil diameter stang angker = 4 cm = 40 cm
..D2 =
107
K"
bs
3 (a x L) =
10805,116
a = 21,439 cm
8,4
M
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
16406,25
2
1/6 x 25 x
=
= 1,677 cm
1400
W = 1/6.a.2 dan W =
15467,961
1400
= 1,628 cm
G
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
10977,83
..D2 =
D = 3,161 cm
1400
F =
108
ijin =
4 .K 2
< ijin = 812 kg/cm2
2
3..R
4 x 57488,952
R = 5,483 cm 6 cm
3 x 3,14 x R 2
Diambil diameter pen angker = 12 cm = 120 mm
812 =
G
' bk
a2
10977,83
a = 6,985 cm,
225
K2
' bk
a2
57488,952
a = 15,985 cm
225
Diambil ukuran 20 x 20 cm
c). Tinjauan potongan I - I
I
2
1/6 x 20 x
=
M
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
8400
= 1,342 cm
1400
109
t g t g m
+ 37,00
+ 36,00
+ 33,00
+ 31,00
+ 26,75
L tot
q1 = 1 x (8,856 + 9,25).0,394
= 3,565 t/m
q2 = 1 x (8,444 + 8,856).0,412
= 3,565 t/m
q3 = 1 x (8,011 + 8,444).0,433
= 3,565 t/m
q4 = 1 x (7,553 + 8,011).0,458
= 3,565 t/m
q5 = 1 x (7,065 + 7,553).0,488
= 3,565 t/m
q6 = 1 x (6,541 + 7,065).0,524
= 3,565 t/m
q7 = 1 x (5,971 + 6,541).0,57
= 3,565 t/m
q8 = 1 x (5,341 + 5,971).0,63
= 3,565 t/m
q9 = 1 x (4,625 + 5,341).0,716
= 3,565 t/m
= 3,565 t/m
= 3,565 t/m
q12 = 1 x (2,67).(2,67)
= 3,565 t/m
(1/6W) 2 (1/2W) 2
(1/6 x 7,9) (1/2 x 7,9)
2
= 4,16367 m = 416,367 cm
c. Momen Yang Terjadi :
1). Momen Pada Balok Horisontal :
qh = 3,565 t/m = 35,65 kg/cm
M = 1/8.qh.L2 = 1/8 x 35,65 x 416,3672 = 772642,145 kg cm
110
7236,508 kg cm
7963,266 kg cm
8853,439 kg cm
9969,128 kg cm
11408,851 kg cm
13335,256 kg cm
16052,635 kg cm
20183,306 kg cm
27265,082 kg cm
42576,64 kg cm
92811,011 kg cm
= 141231,567 kg cm
111
d. Penentuan Profil
ijin =
M
dengan M = 772642,145 kg cm
Wnt
W nt = 0,8.Wbr
W br =
1400
= 35 cm
W x = 775 cm3
= 35 cm
Ix
= 13600 cm4
= 0,7 cm
= 1,1 cm
Terhadap lentur :
=
M
772642,145
=
= 996,958 kg/cm2
Wx
3330
D.S x
7422,711 x 420,424
=
= 20,86 kg/cm2
d.I x
1,3 x 13600
5.L2 .M
5 x 416,367 2 x 772642,145
=
= 0,513 cm
48.E.I x
48 x 2,1 x 10 6 x 13600
= 35 cm
W x = 734 cm3
= 10 cm
Ix
= 12840 cm4
= 1,4 cm
= 1,6 cm
112
M
772642,145
=
= 1052,646 kg/cm2
Wx
754
D.S x
7422,711 x 444,167
=
= 160,481 kg/cm2
d.I x
1,4 x 12840
5.L2 .M
5 x 416,367 2 x 772642,145
=
= 0,543 cm
48.E.I x
48 x 2,1 x 10 6 x 12840
= .w.(h1 + h2)
ijin =
1/2.k.P.a 2 .b 2
(a 2 b 2 )t 2
113
Segmen
b (cm)
19,69
9,25
9,053
9,152
0,302
40,295
9,053
8,65
8,852
0,531
42,27
8,65
8,227
8,439
0,535
44,57
8,227
7,782
8,005
0,539
47,295
7,782
7,309
7,545
0.544
50,595
7,309
6,803
7,056
0.547
54,7
6,803
6,256
6,529
0,55
60,015
6,256
5,656
5,956
0,551
67,295
5,656
4,983
5,319
0,549
10
78,215
4,983
4,201
4,592
0,542
11
97,74
4,201
3,223
3,712
0,523
12
144,307
3,223
1,78
2,502
0,465
13
178,013
1,78
0,89
0,284
= 1/5.tp = 7,24 cm
= 25 cm
m = 3 cm
= 15 cm
= 12 cm
= 15
L =
=
w/2 z m tp/2
+ tp/2 + (j.tg )
Cos o
790/2 12 3 (36,2/2)
+ (36,2/2) + (7,24 tan 15o)
o
Cos 15
114
69,6 67
67
67
67
67
67,5
100,00
178,01
267,02
144,31
110,60
97,74
1025
84,88
78,22
925
71,55
67,30
63,04
60,02
56,99
54,70
52,41
50,60
48,78
47,30
45,81
44,57
42,27
40,30
19,69
43,33
41,21
39,38
470
Pintu Gerbang
Kw1
Fb
Fb
a
H'
2
3
H'
H'
1
3
Kg2
0,5 m
H'
Kw2
Ambang
Ambang
115
1242,3 kg
3050,4 kg
569,64 kg
3030,56 kg
=
Q =
3813,923 kg +
11706,823 kg
(G x a)
(13462,846 x 2,35)
=
= 3086,604 kg
h
10,25
Kg1 = Kg = 3086,604 kg ()
Kg2 = Kg = 3086,604 kg ()
4). Keseimbangan Akibat Tekanan Hidrostatis
Fb = tinggi jagaan (freeboard) = 1 m, L = lebar pintu = 4,7 m
Tinggi ambang = 1 m, H = 9,25 m
H = H - tinggi ambang = 9,25 - 1 = 8,25 m
P = .w(H)2.L = x 1 x 8,252 x 4,7 = 159,947 t = 159946,875 kg
Kw 1 =
159946,875 (1 2 3 x 8,25)
P(Fb 2 3 H' )
=
= 101429,726 kg ()
h
10,25
5). Perhitungan Diameter Pen Engsel
Kw 2 =
K =
=
(Kg 1 ) 2 (Kw 1 ) 2
(3086,604 ) 2 (42912,576) 2 = 43023,439 kg
y = 10 cm
M = y.K1 = 10 x 43023,439 = 430234,39 kg cm
W =
.D3
M
dan W =
ijin = 1400 kg/cm 2
32
ijin
3,14.D3
430234,39
=
32
1400
D = 14,631 cm
116
4.K'
4 x 430234,39
=
= 324,782 kg/cm2
2
2
3..R
3 x 3,14 x 7,5
2
<
ijin = 812 kg/cm (Aman)
19874,032
..D2 =
D = 4,252 cm
1400
F =
K"
bs
3 (a x L) =
19874,032
a = 39,433 cm
8,4
M
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
8400
= 2,683 cm
1400
2 = 63356,768 kg cm
63356,768
= 2,605 cm
1400
117
G
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
13462,846
..D2 =
D = 3,5 cm
1400
F =
ijin =
4 .K 2
< ijin = 812 kg/cm2
2
3..R
814 =
4 x 101429,726
R = 7,283 cm 8 cm
3 x 3,14 x R 2
G
' bk
a2
13462,846
a = 7,735 cm,
225
a2
K2
' bk
101429,726
a = 21,232 cm, diambil ukuran 25 x 25 cm
225
118
M
ijin = 1400 kg/cm2
ijin
16406,25
2
1/6 x 25 x
=
= 1,677 cm ; diambil tebal 1,7 cm
1400
2
W = 1/6.a.
dan W =
H1
b2
H2
?1 = 1,6642 t/m
C1 = 0,16 t/m
1 = 14
H
H3
?2 = 1,6763 t/m
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
H4
A
b4
b3
B
- 4,50
- 5,60
b5
1
4
H-
1
12
b2 = 0,35 m
H1 = 1,2 m
b3 =
H2 = 1,6 m
b4 = 13 H ; diambil 1,9 m
H3 = 2,45 m
b5 = 1,9 m
= diambil 1 t/m2
1
12
H-
1
10
H; diambil 0,4 m
119
Ka1 =
1 Sin
atau Ka = tan2 (45 - /2)
1 Sin
1 Sin 14 0
1 Sin 14 0
Ka1 = 0,6104
Ka2 =
1 Sin 210
1 Sin 210
Ka2 = 0.4724
c. Perhitungan tegangan tanah aktif
0,00
?1 = 1,6642 t/m
C1 = 0,16 t/m
1 = 14
s a1
Pa1
s a2
Pa2
?2 = 1,6763 t/m
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
- 4,50
Pa3
- 5,60
Pa4
s a3
= (Ka1.q) - (2.C1.Ka1)
= (0,6104 x 1) - (2 x 0,16 x 0,61)
= 0,3604 t/m2
a2
= Ka1.
1 .h1
= 0,6104 x 1,664 x 4,5
= 4,5713 t/m2
a3
= a1 + a2
= 0,3604 + 4,5713
= 4,9317 t/m2
a4
= Ka2.
2 .h2
= 0,4724 x 1,676 x 1,1
= 0,871 t/m2
s a4
120
1,2
0,35
G1
G5
G2
G6
1,6
2,45
G7
G3
G8
0,35
A
1,9
G4
0,4
1,9
121
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
Maktif (tm)
Pa1
1,622
3,35
5,433
Pa2
10,285
2,6
26,742
Pa3
5,425
0,55
2,984
Pa4
0,479
0,367
0,176
P = 17,811
M aktif = 35,334
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
M pasif (tm)
3,2
6,4
G1
0,864
2,05
1,771
G2
1,344
2,075
2,789
G3
2,352
2,1
4,939
G4
3,528
2,1
7,409
G5
3,994
3,2
12,781
G6
5,192
3,225
16,745
G7
5,375
3,25
17,47
G8
2,389
3,25
7,763
G = 27,038
M Pasif = 78,068
SF
SF
SF
= 2,209 2 (Aman)
M aktif
78,068
2
35,334
G tan B * C 2 Ppasif
P
1,5
122
SF
SF
= .B -
= .4,2 -
1
B
6
78,068 35,334 1
x 4,2
27,038
6
228 4,3
228 ( 4,3 x 21)
=
= 16,753
40
40 21
Nq
40 5
40 (5 x 21)
=
= 7,632
40
40 21
N =
q
ult
6
6 x 21
=
= 6,632
40
40 21
= C2.Nc +
2.H 4.Nq + .B.
2 N
= (0,14 x 16,753) + (1,676 x 0,35 x 7,632) + ( x 4,2 x
1,676 x 6,632)
= 30,168 t/m 2
diambil SF = 3
qall
qall
qall
= 10,056 t/m2
SF
30,168
3
123
(G W )
6*e
x (1
)
Bx1
B
(27,038 17,85)
6 x 0,536
x (1
)
4 ,2 x 1
4 ,2
maks = 18,865 t/m2 > qall = 10,056 t/m2 (Perlu tiang pancang)
min = 2,755 t/m2
= qtoe -
= (min + Uplift -
2 x H4) -
xX
(maks min )
B
* b4
(18,865 2,755)
4 ,2
*X
= - 2,698 t
0
1, 9
M =
vdx = 1,084 X
- 0,630 X3 = - 0,404 tm
a. Perhitungan Tulangan
Mu = - 0,404 tm = 4037677,77 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
4037677,77
=
= 5047097,213 Nmm
0,8
H4 = 350 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
124
= H 4 - d - = 350 - 50 - 20 / 2 = 290 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
5047097,213
=
= 0,00314
(1000 x 290 2 x 19,125)
F = 1 - (1 - 2k) = 1 - (1 - (2 x 0,00314)) = 0,00314
K =
Fmaks =
1 .450
(600 f y )
0,85 x 450
(600 240)
= 0,455
F.b.d.R 1
0,00314 x 1000 x 290 x 19,125
=
fy
240
2
= 72,63 mm
As
72,63
=
= 2,5 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 290
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
1795
= 6,189 x 10-3
1000 x 290
125
Ix
Iy
MIx = 0,001.qu.Ix2.x
MIy = 0,001.qu.Ix2.x
Mtx = -0,001.qu.Ix2.x
Mty = -0,001.qu.Ix2.x
Mtiy = .MIx
126
Mu
40289950,11
=
= 50362437,638 Nmm
0 .8
H4 = 350 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
K =
(b.d .R 1 )
50362437,638
(1000 x 290 2 x 19,125)
= 0,031
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,032 x 1000 x 290 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 735,296 mm2
As
735,296
=
= 0,003
b.d
1000 x 290
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
127
b.d
1795
= 6,189 x 10-3
1000 x 290
Mu
26041065,315
=
= 23551331,644 Nmm
0,8
H4 = 350 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
= H 4 - d - tulangan arah X -
= 350 - 50 - 20 - 20/2 = 270 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
23551331,644
=
= 0,023
(1000 x 270 2 x 19,125)
K =
1 .450
(600 f y )
0,85 x 450
(600 240)
= 0,455
F.b.d.R 1
0,024 x 1000 x 270 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 508,341 mm2
As
508,341
=
= 0,00188
b.d
1000 x 270
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
128
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
atau maks = 1.
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
1795
= 6,648 x 10-3
1000 x 270
qek
L
Mmaks =
q.L2
L
, untuk x =
9 3
3
b. Beban ekivalen :
q ek .x(L - x)
2
Mx =
q.L2
9 3
q ek .x(L - x)
L
, untuk x =
2
3
qek = 0,5258q
129
Segmen 1
a1
= Ka1.q - (2.C1.Ka1)
= (0,61 x 1) - (2 x 0,16 x 0,61)
= 0,36 t/m2
a2
= (
1.H 1.Ka1)
= (1,664 x 1 x 0,61)
= 1,219 t/m2
= a1 + a2
= 0,36 + 1,219
= 1,579 t/m2
a4 = (
1.H 2.Ka1)
= (1,664 x 1,6 x 0,61)
= 1,625 t/m2
qek2 = a3 + (a4 .qek )
= 1,579 + (1,625 x 0,5258)
= 2,434 t/m2
Segmen 3
a5
= a3 + a4
= 1,579 + 1,219
= 3,205 t/m2
a6
= (
1.Ka1).[H 3 - (h2 - H 4)]
= (1,664.0,61).(2,45 - (1,1 - 0.3))
= 1,727 t/m2
a7
= a5 + a6
= 3,205 + 1,727
= 4,932 t/m2
a8
= (
2.Ka2).h2
= (1,676 x 0,472) x 1,1
= 0,871 t/m2
130
Ix
Iy
Segmen 1
q = 1,219 t/m2
Untuk l y/ lx = 3,36 / 1,2 = 2,8
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
Mlx = 0,001 q.lx2.x1 = 0,001 x 1,219 x 1,22 x 113 = 0,198 tm
Mly = 0,001 q.lx2.x2 = 0,001 x 1,219 x 1,22 x 20 = 0,035 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.lx2.x3 = - 0,001 x 1,219 x 1,22 x 112 = -0,197 tm
Mty = .Mix = x 0,198 = 0,099
1). Tulangan arah X (tumpuan dan lapangan)
Mu = Mmaks = Mlx = 1983569,256 Nmm
1983569, 256
= 2479461,57 Nmm
0,8
Mn =
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2.
(b.d R 1 )
2479461,57
= 2,25 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 240 x 19,125)
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
131
F.b.d.R1
As =
fy
= 43,095 mm2
As
43,095
=
= 1,8 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 240
Mu
351074,205
=
= 438842,756 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
(b.d .R 1 )
438842,756
2
= 4,7 x 10-4
As
8,313
=
= 4 x 10-5 < min = 5,83 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 220
132
Segmen 2
q = 2,434 t/m2
Untuk l y/ lx = 3,6/ 1,6 = 2,1
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
Mlx = 0,001 q.lx2.x1 = 0,001 x 2,434 x 1,62 x 85 = 0,53 tm
Mly = 0,001 q.lx2.x2 = 0,001 x 2,434 x 1,62 x 24 = 0,15 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.lx2.x3 = - 0,001 x 2,434 x 1,62 x 112 = -0,698 tm
Mty = .Mix = x 0,53 = 0,265
1). Tulangan arah X (tumpuan dan lapangan)
Mu = Mmaks = Mlx = 5296403,841 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
5296403,841
=
= 6620504,801 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
6620504,801
= 4,12 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 290 x 19,125)
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
4,12 x 10 -3 x 1000 x 290 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 95,319 mm2
As
95,319
=
= 3,3 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 290
133
Mu
1495455,202
=
= 1869319,003 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
1869319,003
= 1,34 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 270 x 19,125)
As
28,867
=
= 1,1 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 270
134
Mu
43349028,059
=
= 54186285,074 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
(b.d 2 .R1 )
54186285,074
2
= 2,451 x 10-2
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y ) (600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
2,482 x 10 -2 x 1000 x 340 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 672,391 mm2
As
672,391
=
= 1,98 x 10-3 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 340
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
Mn =
K =
135
F.b.d.R 1
9,76 x 10-3 x 1000 x 320 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 248,817 mm2
As
248,817
=
= 7,8 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 320
L
H
Xz
H = 5,25 m
b3 = 0,4 m
Yz
a
a
O
b4
b3
b4 = 1,9 m
b5 = 1,9 m
b5
B 5 B 3 B1
= 69,146o
Sin a =
B 5 B 3 B1
a = 1,77553 m
Cos =
B 5 B 3 B1
L = 5,618 cm
136
3. Pembebanan Counterfort
Tabel 4.10 Pembebanan Counterfort
P
Gaya
Titik Berat
Lengan
Momen
(ton)
Yz
Xz
(m)
(m)
(m)
(tm)
Pa1
1,622
1,75
0,633
1,25
2,027
Pa2
10,285
1,75
0,633
2,25
0,5
5,143
Pa3
5,425
1,75
0,633
0,2
-1,55
-8,409
Pa4
0,479
1,75
0,633 0,017
-1,733
-0,830
1,75
0,633
0,9
-0,267
-0,533
G1
0,864
1,75
0,633
-0,25
0,883
0,763
G2
1,344
1,75
0,633
-0,225
0,858
1,154
G3
2,352
1,75
0,633
-0,2
0,833
1,96
G4
3,528
1,75
0,633
-0,2
0,833
2,94
G5
3,994
1,75
0,633
0,9
-0,267
-1,065
G6
5,192
1,75
0,633
0,925
-0,292
-1,514
G7
5,375
1,75
0,633
0,95
-0,317
-1,702
G8
2,389
1,75
0,633
0,95
-0,317
-0,756
M = -0,824 tm
4. Perhitungan Tulangan Lentur
Mu = 0,824 tm = 8236065,187 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
8236065,187
=
= 10295081,484 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
2
(b.d .R 1 )
10295081,484
= 6,1 x 10-4
(300 x 1715,5312 x 19,125)
137
F.b.d.R 1
6,1 x 10 -4 x 300 x 1715,531 x 19 ,125
As =
=
fy
240
= 25,012 mm2
=
As
25,012
=
= 5 x 10-5 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 1715,531
P
As
G
As
138
H1
b2
H2
?1 = 1,6642 t/m
C1 = 0,16 t/m
1 = 14
H
H3
?2 = 1,6763 t/m
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
H4
A
b4
b3
- 4,50
- 5,60
b5
1
4
H-
1
12
b2 = 0,35 m
H1 = 1,2 m
b3 =
H2 = 1,6 m
b4 = 13 H ; diambil 1,9 m
H3 = 2,45 m
q
= diambil 1 t/m
1
12
H-
Ka1 =
1 Sin
atau Ka = tan2 (45 - /2)
1 Sin
1 Sin 14 0
1 Sin 14 0
Ka1 = 0,6104
H; diambil 0,4 m
b5 = 1,9 m
2
1
10
139
Ka2
1 Sin 210
=
1 Sin 210
Ka2 = 0.4724
c. Perhitungan tegangan tanah aktif
0,00
?1 = 1,6642 t/m
C1 = 0,16 t/m
1 = 14
s a1
Pa1
s a2
Pa2
?2 = 1,6763 t/m
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
- 4,50
Pa3
- 5,60
Pa4
s a3
= (Ka1.q) - (2.C1.Ka1)
= (0,6104 x 1) - (2 x 0,16 x 0,61)
= 0,3604 t/m2
a2
= Ka1.
1 .h1
= 0,6104 x 1,664 x 4,5
= 4,5713 t/m2
a3
= a1 + a2
= 0,3604 + 4,5713
= 4,9317 t/m2
a4
= Ka2.
2 .h2
= 0,4724 x 1,676 x 1,1
= 0,871 t/m2
s a4
140
1,2
0,35
G1
G5
G2
G6
1,6
2,45
G7
G3
G8
0,35
A
1,9
G4
0,4
1,9
141
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
Maktif (tm)
Pa1
1,622
3,35
5,433
Pa2
10,285
2,6
26,742
Pa3
5,425
0,55
2,984
Pa4
0,479
0,367
0,176
P = 17,811
M aktif = 35,334
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
M pasif (tm)
3,2
6,4
G1
0,864
2,05
1,771
G2
1,344
2,075
2,789
G3
2,352
2.1
4,939
G4
3,528
2,1
7,409
G5
3,994
3,2
12,781
G6
5,192
3,225
16,745
G7
5,375
3,25
17,47
G8
2,389
3,25
7,763
G = 27,038
M Pasif = 78,068
SF
SF
SF
= 2,209 2 (Aman)
M aktif
78,068
2
35,334
G tan B * C 2 Ppasif
P
1,5
142
SF
SF
= .B -
= .4,2 -
1
B
6
78,068 35,334 1
x 4,2
27,038
6
228 4,3
228 ( 4,3 x 21)
=
= 16,753
40
40 21
Nq
40 5
40 (5 x 21)
=
= 7,632
40
40 21
N =
q
ult
6
6 x 21
=
= 6,632
40
40 21
= C2.Nc +
2.H 4.Nq + .B.
2 N
= (0,14 x 16,753) + (1,676 x 0,35 x 7,632) + ( x 4,2 x
1,676 x 6,632)
=
30,168 t/m2
diambil SF = 3
qall
qall
qall
= 10,056 t/m2
SF
30,168
3
143
(G W )
6*e
x (1
)
Bx1
B
(27,038 17,85)
6 x 0,536
x (1
)
4 ,2 x 1
4 ,2
maks = 18,865 t/m2 > qall = 10,056 t/m2 (Perlu tiang pancang)
min = 2,755 t/m2
= qtoe -
= (min + Uplift -
2 x H4) -
xX
(maks min )
B
* b4
(18,865 2,755)
4 ,2
*X
= - 2,698 t
0
1, 9
M =
vdx = 1,084 X
- 0,63 X3 = - 0,404 tm
a. Perhitungan Tulangan
Mu = -0,404tm = 4037677,77 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
4037677,77
=
= 5047097,213 Nmm
0,8
H4 = 350 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
144
= H 4 - d - = 350 - 50 - 20 / 2 = 290 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
5047097,213
=
= 3,14 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 290 x 19,125)
F = 1 - (1 - 2k) = 1 - (1 - (2 x 3,14 x 10-3)) = 3,14 x 10 -3
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
F.b.d.R 1
3,14 x 10 -3 x 1000 x 290 x 19,125
As =
=
fy
240
2
= 72,63 mm
As
72,63
=
= 2,5 x 10-4
b.d
1000 x 290
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
1795
= 6,189 x 10-3
1000 x 290
145
Ix
Iy
146
Mu
40289950,11
=
= 50362437,638 Nmm
0 .8
H4 = 350 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
K =
(b.d .R 1 )
50362437,638
(1000 x 290 2 x 19,125)
= 0,031
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,032 x 1000 x 290 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 735,296 mm2
As
735,296
=
= 0,003
b.d
1000 x 290
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
147
b.d
1795
= 6,189 x 10-3
1000 x 290
Mu
26041065,315
=
= 23551331,644 Nmm
0,8
H4 = 350 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
= H 4 - d - tulangan arah X -
= 350 - 50 - 20 - 20/2 = 270 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
23551331,644
=
= 0,023
(1000 x 270 2 x 19,125)
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmax tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,024 x 1000 x 270 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 508,341 mm2
As
508,341
=
= 0,00188
b.d
1000 x 270
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
148
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
atau maks = 1.
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
1795
= 6,648 x 10-3
1000 x 270
qek
L
Mmaks =
q.L2
L
, untuk x =
9 3
3
b. Beban ekivalen :
q ek .x(L - x)
2
Mx =
q.L2
9 3
q ek .x(L - x)
L
, untuk x =
2
3
qek = 0,5258q
149
Segmen 1
a1
= Ka1.q - (2.C1.Ka1)
= (0,61 x 1) - (2 x 0,16 x 0,61)
= 0,36 t/m2
a2
= (
1.H 1.Ka1)
= (1,664 x 1 x 0,61)
= 1,219 t/m2
= a1 + a2
= 0,36 + 1,219
= 1,579 t/m2
a4 = (
1.H 2.Ka1)
= (1,664 x 1,6 x 0,61)
= 1,625 t/m2
qek2 = a3 + (a4 .qek )
= 1,579 + (1,625 x 0,5258)
= 2,434 t/m2
Segmen 3
a5
= a3 + a4
= 1,579 + 1,219
= 3,205 t/m2
a6
= (
1.Ka1).[H 3 - (h2 - H 4)]
= (1,664.0,61).(2,45 - (1,1 - 0.3))
= 1,727 t/m2
a7
= a5 + a6
= 3,205 + 1,727
= 4,932 t/m2
a8
= (
2.Ka2).h2
= (1,676 x 0,472) x 1,1
= 0,871 t/m2
150
Ix
Iy
Segmen 1
q = 1,219 t/m2
Untuk l y/ lx = 3,36 / 1,2 = 2,8
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
Mlx = 0,001 q.lx2.x1 = 0,001 x 1,219 x 1,22 x 113 = 0,198 tm
Mly = 0,001 q.lx2.x2 = 0,001 x 1,219 x 1,22 x 20 = 0,035 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.lx2.x3 = - 0,001 x 1,219 x 1,22 x 112 = -0,197 tm
Mty = .Mix = x 0,198 = 0,099
1). Tulangan arah X (tumpuan dan lapangan)
Mu = Mmaks = Mlx = 1983569,256 Nmm
1983569, 256
= 2479461,57 Nmm
0,8
Mn =
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2.
(b.d R 1 )
2479461,57
= 2,25 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 240 x 19,125)
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
151
F.b.d.R1
2,25 x 10 -3 x 1000 x 240 x 19 ,125
As =
=
fy
240
= 43,095 mm2
=
As
43,095
=
= 1,8 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 240
Mu
351074,205
=
= 438842,756 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
2
(b.d .R1 )
438842,756
2
= 4,7 x 10-4
As
8,313
=
= 4 x 10-5 < min = 5,83 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 220
152
Segmen 2
q = 2,434 t/m2
Untuk l y/ lx = 3,6/ 1,6 = 2,1
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
Mlx = 0,001 q.lx2.x1 = 0,001 x 2,434 x 1,62 x 85 = 0,53 tm
Mly = 0,001 q.lx2.x2 = 0,001 x 2,434 x 1,62 x 24 = 0,15 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.lx2.x3 = - 0,001 x 2,434 x 1,62 x 112 = -0,698 tm
Mty = .Mix = x 0,53 = 0,265
1). Tulangan arah X (tumpuan dan lapangan)
Mu = M maks = Mlx = 5296403,841 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
5296403,841
=
= 6620504,801 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
0,00412 x 1000 x 290 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 95,319 mm2
As
95,319
=
= 3,3 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 290
153
Mu
1495455,202
=
= 1869319,003 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
1869319,003
= 1,34 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 270 x 19,125)
As
28,867
=
= 1,1 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 270
154
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
Mn =
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
54186285,074
2
= 2,451 x 10-2
Fmaks =
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y ) (600 240)
As
672,391
=
= 1,98 x 10-3 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 340
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
Mn =
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
155
19015920
= 9,71 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 320 x 19,125)
F.b.d.R 1
9,76 x 10 -3 x 1000 x 320 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 248,817 mm2
=
As
248,817
=
= 7,8 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 320
L
H
Xz
H = 5,25 m
b3 = 0,4 m
Yz
a
a
O
b4
b3
b4 = 1,9 m
B5 = 1,9 m
b5
B 5 B 3 B1
= 69,146o
Sin a =
B 5 B 3 B1
a = 1,77553 m
156
Cos =
B 5 B 3 B1
L
L = 5,618 cm
3. Pembebanan Counterfort
Tabel 4.14 Pembebanan Counterfort
P
Gaya
Titik Berat
Lengan
Momen
(ton)
Yz
Xz
(m)
(m)
(m)
(tm)
Pa1
1,622
1,75
0,633
1,25
2,027
Pa2
10,285
1,75
0,633
2,25
0,5
5,143
Pa3
5,425
1,75
0,633
0,2
-1,55
-8,409
Pa4
0,479
1,75
0,633 0,017
-1,733
-0,830
1,75
0,633
0,9
-0,267
-0,533
G1
0,864
1,75
0,633
-0,25
0,883
0,763
G2
1,344
1,75
0,633
-0,225
0,858
1,154
G3
2,352
1,75
0,633
-0,2
0,833
1,96
G4
3,528
1,75
0,633
-0,2
0,833
2,94
G5
3,994
1,75
0,633
0,9
-0,267
-1,065
G6
5,192
1,75
0,633
0,925
-0,292
-1,514
G7
5,375
1,75
0,633
0,95
-0,317
-1,702
G8
2,389
1,75
0,633
0,95
-0,317
-0,756
M = -0,824 tm
4. Perhitungan Tulangan Lentur
Mu = 0,824 tm = 8236065,187 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
8236065,187
=
= 10295081,484 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
2
(b.d .R 1 )
10295081,484
= 6,1 x 10-4
2
(300 x 1715,531 x 19,125)
157
F.b.d.R 1
6,1 x 10 -4 x 300 x 1715,531 x 19 ,125
As =
=
fy
240
= 25,012 mm2
=
As
25,012
=
= 5 x 10-5 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 1715,531
P
As
G
As
158
H1
?1 = 1,6642 t/m
C1 = 0,16 t/m
1 = 14
b2
H2
H
- 4,50
?2 = 1,6763 t/m
H3
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
H4
b4
b3
B
- 8,85
b5
1
4
H-
1
12
H; diambil 0,6 m
b1 = 0,6 m
b2 = 0,65 m
H1 = 2 m
b3 =
H2 = 2,4 m
b4 = 13 H ; diambil 3 m
H3 = 3,85 m
b5 = 3 m
= diambil 1 t/m2
1
12
H-
Ka1 =
1 Sin
atau Ka = tan2 (45 - /2)
1 Sin
1 Sin 14 0
1 Sin 14 0
Ka1 = 0,6104
H; diambil 0,8 m
1
10
159
Ka2
1 Sin 210
=
1 Sin 210
Ka2 = 0.4724
c. Perhitungan tegangan tanah aktif
s a1
0,00
?1 = 1,6642 t/m
C1 = 0,16 t/m
1 = 14
Pa1
Pa2
s a2
- 4,50
?2 = 1,6763 t/m
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
Pa3
Pa1
- 8,85
s a3
= (Ka1.q) - (2.C1.Ka1)
= (0,6104 x 1) - (2 x 0,16 x 0,61)
= 0,3604 t/m2
a2
= Ka1.
1 .h1
= 0,6104 x 1,664 x 4,5
= 4,5713 t/m2
a3
= a1 + a2
= 0,3604 + 4,5713
= 4,9317 t/m2
a4
= Ka2.
2 .h2
= 0,4724 x 1,676 x 4,35
= 3,444 t/m2
s a4
160
0,6
G1
G5
G2
G6
0,65
2,4
G7
3,85
G3
G8
G4
0,8
0,6
A
161
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
Maktif (tm)
Pa1
1,622
6,6
10,704
Pa2
10,285
5,85
60,169
Pa3
21,453
2,175
46,66
Pa4
7,492
1,45
10,863
P = 40,851
M aktif = 128,396
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
M pasif (tm)
3,2
5,2
16,4
G1
2,88
3,3
9,504
G2
3,744
3,325
12,449
G3
7,392
3,032
22,413
G4
9,792
3,4
33,293
G5
10,651
5,2
55,385
G6
12,581
5,225
65,738
G7
0,499
5,3
2,646
G8
18,858
5,3
99,949
G = 69,598
SF
SF
SF
= 2,477 2 (Aman)
M aktif
318,016
2
128,396
M Pasif = 318,016
162
G tan B * C 2 Ppasif
1,5
P
SF
SF
= .B -
= .6,8 -
1
B
6
318,016 128,396 1
x 6,8
69,598
6
228 4,3
228 ( 4,3 x 21)
=
= 16,753
40
40 21
Nq
40 5
40 (5 x 21)
=
= 7,632
40
40 21
N =
qult
6
6 x 21
=
= 6,632
40
40 21
= C2.Nc +
2.H 4.Nq + .B.
2 N
= (0,14 x 16,753) + (1,676 x 0,6 x 7,632) + ( x 6,8 x 1,676
x 6,632) = 47,817 t/m2
diambil SF = 3
qall
qall
qall
= 15,939 t/m2
SF
47,817
3
163
W = Hair .B.
w = (8,25 - 1) x 6,8 x 1 = 49,3 t/m
Tegangan yang terjadi :
maks,min =
(G W )
6*e
x (1
)
Bx1
B
(69,598 49,3)
6 x 0,675
x (1
)
6 ,8 x 1
6 ,8
maks = 27,906 t/m2 > qall = 15,939 t/m2 (Perlu tiang pancang)
min = 7,064 t/m2
= qtoe -
= (min + Uplift -
2 x H4) -
(maks min )
* b4
B
(27,906 7,064)
*X
4, 2
= 4,38 t
1, 9
M =
vdx = 3,029 X
- 0,511 X3 = 13,467 tm
a. Perhitungan Tulangan
Mu = 13,467 tm = 134669849,497 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
134669849, 497
=
= 168337311,871 Nmm
0,8
H4 = 600 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
164
= H 4 - d - = 600 - 50 - 20 / 2 = 540 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
168337311,871
=
= 0,03
2
(1000 x 540 x 19,125)
F = 1 - (1 - 2k) = 1 - (1 - (2 x 0,03)) = 0,031
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,031 x 1000 x 540 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 1319,118 mm2
As
1319,118
=
= 0,00244
b.d
1000 x 540
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
4189
= 7,76 x 10-3
1000 x 540
165
Ix
Iy
166
Mu
123735762
=
= 154669702,5 Nmm
0,8
H4 = 600 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
K =
(b.d .R 1 )
154669702,5
= 0,02773
(1000 x 540 2 x 19,125)
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,02813 x 1000 x 540 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 1210,464 mm2
As
1210,464
=
= 0,00224
b.d
1000 x 540
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
167
b.d
4189
= 7,76 x 10-3
1000 x 540
Mu
111362185,8
=
= 139202732,25 Nmm
0,8
H4 = 600 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
= H 4 - d - tulangan arah X -
= 600 - 50 - 20 - 20/2 = 520 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
13922732,25
=
= 0,02692
(1000 x 520 2 x 19,125)
K =
1 .450
(600 f y )
0,85 x 450
= 0,455
(600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
0,02729 x 1000 x 520 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 1130,837 mm2
As
1130,8371
=
= 0,00217
b.d
1000 x 520
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
168
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
atau maks = 1.
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
4189
= 8,06 x 10-3
1000 x 520
qek
L
Mmaks =
q.L2
L
, untuk x =
9 3
3
b. Beban ekivalen :
q ek .x(L - x)
2
Mx =
q.L2
9 3
q ek .x(L - x)
L
, untuk x =
2
3
qek = 0,5258q
169
Segmen 1
a1
= Ka1.q - (2.C1.Ka1)
= (0,61 x 1) - (2 x 0,16 x 0,61)
= 0,36 t/m2
a2
= (
1.H 1.Ka1)
= (1,664 x 2 x 0,61)
= 2,032 t/m2
= a1 + a2
= 0,36 + 2,032
= 2,392 t/m2
a4 = (
1.H 2.Ka1)
= (1,664 x 2,4 x 0,61)
= 2,438 t/m2
qek2 = a3 + (a4 .qek )
= 2,392 + (2,438 x 0,5258)
= 3,674 t/m2
Segmen 3
a5
= a3 + a4
= 2,392 + 2,438
= 4,83 t/m2
a6
= (
1.Ka1).[H 3 -(h2 - H 4)]
= (1,664.0,61).(3,85 - (4,35 - 0.6))
= 0,102 t/m2
a7
= a5 + a6
= 4,83 + 0,102
= 4,932 t/m2
a8
= (
2.Ka2).h2
= (1,676 x 0,472) x 4,35
= 3,444 t/m2
170
Ix
Iy
Segmen 1
q = 2,032 t/m2
Untuk Iy/ I x = 3,06 / 2 = 1,53
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
Mlx = 0,001 q.lx2.x1 = 0,001 x 2,032 x 1,532 x 63 = 0,512 tm
Mly = 0,001 q.lx2.x2 = 0,001 x 2,032 x 1,532 x 29 = 0,236 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.lx2.x3 = - 0,001 x 2,032 x 1,532 x 105 = -0,853 tm
Mty = .Mix = x 0,512 = 0,256
1). Tulangan arah X (tumpuan dan lapangan)
Mu = Mmaks = Mlx = 5119832,151 Nmm
5119832,151
= 6399790,189 Nmm
0,8
Mn =
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2.
(b.d R 1 )
6399790,189
= 0,00115
2
(1000 x 540 x 19,125)
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y ) (600 240)
171
As =
= 49,409 mm2
As
49,409
=
= 9,15 x 10-5 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 540
Mu
8533053,585
=
0,8
= 10666316,981 Nmm
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
10666316,981
= 2,06 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 520 x 19,125)
F.b.d.R 1
2,06 x 10 -3 x 1000 x 520 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 85,556 mm2
As
85,556
=
= 1,6 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 520
172
Segmen 2
q = 3,674 t/m2
Untuk l y/ lx = 3,06 / 2,4 = 1,275
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
MIx = 0,001 q.l x2.x1 = 0,001 x 3,674 x 2,42 x 49 = 1,037 tm
MIy = 0,001 q.l x2.x2 = 0,001 x 3,674 x 2,42 = 0,677 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.lx2.x3 = - 0,001 x 3,674 x 2,42 x 97 = - 2,053 tm
Mty = .Mix = x 1,037 = 0,518
1). Tulangan arah X (tumpuan dan lapangan)
Mu = Mmaks = Mlx = 10369451,608 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
10369451,608
=
0,8
= 12961814,51 Nmm
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
12961814,51
= 1,95 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 590 x 19,125)
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
1,95 x 10 -3 x 1000 x 590 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 91,628 mm2
As
91,628
=
= 1,6 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 590
173
Mu
20527281,754
=
= 25659102,193 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
25659102,193
= 4,13 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 570 x 19,125)
As
187,855
=
= 3,3 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 570
Segmen 3
q = 11,626 t/m2
Untuk l y/ lx = 3,06 / 3,85 = 0,795, momen yang terjadi
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
Mlx = 0,001 q.lx2.x1 = 0,001 x 11,626 x 3,852 x 28 = 4,825 tm
Mly = 0,001 q.lx2.x2 = 0,001 x 11,626 x 3,852 x 25 = 4,308 tm
Mtx = -0,001 q.lx2.x3 = - 0,001 x 11,626 x 3,852 x 60 = -10,34 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.l y2.x4 = - 0,001 x 11,626 x 3,062 x 54 = 2,413 tm
Mtiy = .Mix = x 4,825 = 2,413
174
Mu
103397849,642
=
= 129247312,053 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
(b.d 2 .R1 )
129247312,053
= 1,234 x 10-2
2
(1000 x 740 x 19,125)
Fmaks =
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y ) (600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
1,242 x 10-2 x 1000 x 740 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 732,291 mm2
As
732,291
=
= 9,9 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 740
Mu
43082437,351
=
= 53853046,689 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
175
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
53853046,689
= 5,43 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 720 x 19,125)
As
312,501
=
= 4,3 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 720
L
H
H = 8,25 m
Xz
B3 = 0,8 m
B4 = 3 m
Yz a
a
b4
O
b3
B5 = 3 m
b5
176
B 5 B 3 B1
= 68,799o
Sin a =
B 5 B 3 B1
a = 2,797 m
Cos =
B 5 B 3 B1
L = 8,849 cm
3. Pembebanan Counterfort
Tabel 4.18 Pembebanan Counterfort
P
Gaya
Titik Berat
Lengan
Momen
(ton)
Yz
Xz
(m)
(m)
(m)
(tm)
Pa1
1,622
2,75
3,25
5,271
Pa2
10,285
2,75
5,25
2,5
25,713
Pa3
21,453
2,75
1,575
-1,175
-25,207
Pa4
7,492
2,75
0,85
-1,9
-14,234
3,2
2,75
1,4
-0,4
-1,28
G1
2,88
2,75
-0,5
1,5
4,32
G2
3,744
2,75
-0,475
1,475
5,522
G3
7,392
2,75
-0,4
1,4
10,349
G4
9,792
2,75
-0,4
1,4
13,709
G5
10,651
2,75
1,4
-0,4
-4,26
G6
12,581
2,75
1,425
-0,425
-5,347
G7
0,499
2,75
1,5
-0,5
-0,25
G8
18,858
2,75
1,5
-0,5
-9,249
M = 4,877 tm
4. Perhitungan Tulangan Lentur
Mu = 4,877 tm = 48771127,861 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
48771127,861
=
= 60963909,827 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
177
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
60969309,827
= 1,42 x 10-3
2
(300 x 2737 x 19,125)
As
92,876
=
= 1,1 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 2725
P
As
178
fy =
As
0,00
b1
H1
?1 = 1,664 t/m
C1 = 0,16 t/m
1 = 14
b2
-4,50
H2
H
?2 = 1,676 t/m
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
H3
-9,50
?3 = 1,6884 t/m
C3 = 0,15 t/m
3 = 23
H4
A
b4
b3
-11,85
b5
1
4
H-
1
12
H; diambil 1,6 m
b1 = 0,6 m
b2 = 0,65 m
H1 = 2,9 m
b3 =
H2 = 3,5 m
b4 = 13 H ; diambil 3,95 m
H3 = 3,85 m
b5 = 3,95 m
= diambil 1 t/m2
1
12
H-
1
10
H; diambil 0,8 m
179
Ka1 =
1 Sin
atau Ka = tan2 (45 - /2)
1 Sin
1 Sin 14 0
1 Sin 14 0
Ka1 = 0,6104
Ka2 =
1 Sin 210
1 Sin 210
Ka2 = 0.4724
Ka3 =
Ka
1 Sin 230
1 Sin 23 0
= 0.438
0,00
?1 = 1,664 t/m
C1 = 0,16 t/m
1 = 14
Pa1
Pa2
-4,50
?2 = 1,676 t/m
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
?3 = 1,6884 t/m
C3 = 0,15 t/m
3 = 23
s a2
Pa3
Pa4
-9,50
-11,85
s a3
Pa5
s a4
Pa6
s a5
= (Ka1.q) - (2.C1.Ka1)
= (0,6104 x 1) - (2 x 0,16 x 0,61)
= 0,3604 t/m2
a2
= Ka1.
1 .h1
= 0,6104 x 1,664 x 4,5
= 4,5713 t/m2
s a6
180
a3
= a1 + a2
= 0,3604 + 4,5713
= 4,9317 t/m2
a4
= Ka2.
2 .h2
= 0,4724 x 1,676 x 5
= 3,959 t/m2
a5
= a3 + a4
= 4,9137 + 3,959
= 8,91 t/m2
a6
= Ka3.
2 .h3
= 0,438 x 1,676 x 2,45
= 1,812 t/m2
0,6
2,9
G1
G5
0,65
3,5
G6
G2
G7
3,85
G3
1,6
G8
G9
3,95
G4
0,8
3,95
181
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
Maktif (tm)
Pa1
1,622
9,7
15,731
Pa2
10,285
8,95
92,054
Pa3
24,658
4,95
122,059
Pa4
9,898
4,117
40,745
Pa5
21,782
1,225
26,683
Pa6
2,22
0,817
1,813
P = 70,465
M aktif = 299,086
182
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
M pasif (tm)
4,15
6,625
27,494
G1
4,176
4,25
17,748
G2
5,46
4,275
23,342
G3
7,392
3,982
29,435
G4
33,408
4,35
145,325
G5
22,029
6,625
132,69
G6
10,917
6,65
72,599
G7
13,058
6,65
86,838
G8
19,864
6,725
133,586
G9
5,669
6,725
38,123
G = 124,123
M Pasif = 707,179
SF
SF
SF
= 2,364 2 (Aman)
M aktif
707,179
2
299,086
1,5
SF
SF
SF
= .B -
= .8,7 -
1
B
6
707,179 299,086 1
x 8,7
124,123
6
183
228 4,3
228 ( 4,3 x 23)
=
= 19,229
40
40 23
Nq
40 5
40 (5 x 23)
=
= 9,118
40
40 23
N =
q
ult
6
6 x 23
=
= 8,118
40
40 23
= C3.Nc +
3.H 4.Nq + .B.
3.N
= (0,15 x 19,229) + (1,688 x 1,6 x 9,118) + ( x 8,7 x 1,688
x 8,118) = 87,136 t/m2
q ult
diambil SF = 3
SF
qall
87,136
3
qall
= 29,045 t/m2
(G W )
6*e
x (1
)
Bx1
B
(124,123 80,475)
6 x 1,062
x (1
)
8,7 x 1
8,7
maks = 40,744 t/m2 > qall = 20,045 t/m2 (Perlu tiang pancang)
min = 6,29 t/m2
184
= qtoe -
= (min + Uplift -
3 x H4) -
(maks min )
* b4
B
(40,744 6,29)
*X
8,7
= -16,721 t
0
1, 9
M =
vdx = 1,794 X
- 0,66 X3 = -12,685 tm
a. Perhitungan Tulangan
Mu = 12,685 tm = 126852034,028 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
126852034,028
=
= 158565038,785 Nmm
0,8
H4 = 1600 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 28 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
= H 4 - d - = 1600 - 50 - 28 / 2 = 1536 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
158565038,785
=
= 3,51 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 1536 x 19,125)
K =
185
Fmaks =
1 .450
(600 f y )
0,85 x 450
= 0,455
(600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
fy
As
430,894
=
= 2,8 x 10-4
b.d
1000 x 1536
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
9594
= 6,25 x 10-3
1000 x 1536
186
Ix
Iy
Mu
513914573,324
=
0,8
H4 = 1600 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
= 642393216,656 Nmm
187
K =
642393216
= 0,01424
(1000 x 1536 2 x 19,125)
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
fy
= 1755,188 mm2
As
1755,188
=
= 0,00114
b.d
1000 x 1536
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
9594
= 6,25 x 10-3
1000 x 1536
188
Mu
332164297,393
=
0,8
= 415205371,741 Nmm
H4 = 1600 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
= H 4 - d - tulangan arah X -
= 1600 - 50 - 28 - 28/2 = 1508 mm
Mn
K =
(b.d .R 1 )
415205371,741
= 9,55 x 10-3
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmax tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
9,59 x 10-3 x 1000 x 1508 x 19,125
=
fy
240
2
= 1152,729 mm
As
1152,729
=
= 7,6 x 10-4
b.d
1000 x 1508
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
189
As terpasang
b.d
9594
= 6,36 x 10-3
1000 x 1508
qek
L
Mmaks =
q.L2
, untuk x =
9 3
L
3
b. Beban ekivalen :
q ek .x(L - x)
2
Mx =
q.L2
9 3
q ek .x(L - x)
L
, untuk x =
2
3
qek = 0,5258q
Segmen 1
a1
= Ka1.q - (2.C1.Ka1)
= (0,61 x 1) - (2 x 0,16 x 0,61)
= 0,36 t/m2
a2
= (
1.H 1.Ka1)
= (1,664 x 2,9 x 0,61)
= 2,946 t/m2
190
= a1 + a2
= 0,36 + 2,946
= 3,306 t/m2
a4
= (h1 - H1).Ka1.
1
= (4,5 - 2,9) x 0,61 x 1,664
= 1,625 t/m2
a5
= a3 + a4
= 3,306 + 1,625
= 4,932 t/m2
a6
= (H 1 + H2 - h1).Ka2.2
= (2,9 + 3,5 - 4,5) x 0 472 x 1 676
= 1,504 t/m2
= a5 + a6
= 4,932 + 1,504
= 6,436 t/m2
a8
= (H 4 + H3 - h3).Ka2.2
= (1,6 + 3,85 - 2,45) x 0,472 x 1,676
= 2,375 t/m2
a9
= a7 + a8
= 6,436 + 2,375
= 8,812 t/m2
a10 = h3.Ka3.3
= 2,45 x 0,438 x 1,688
= 1,812 t/m2
191
Ix
Iy
Segmen 1
q = 2,496 t/m2
Untuk Iy/ I x = 7,11 / 2,9 = 2,452
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
Mlx = 0,001 q.lx2.x1 = 0,001 x 2,496 x 2,92 x 103 = 2,552 tm
Mly = 0,001 q.lx2.x2 = 0,001 x 2,496 x 2,92 x 21 = 0,52 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.lx2.x3 = - 0,001 x 2,496 x 2,92 x 112 = -2,775 tm
Mty = .Mlx = x 2,552 = 1,276
1). Tulangan arah X (tumpuan dan lapangan)
Mu = Mmaks = Mlx = 27748352,517 Nmm
27748352,517
= 34685440,647 Nmm
0,8
Mn =
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2.
(b.d R 1 )
34685440,647
= 6,22 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 540 x 19,125)
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y ) (600 240)
192
As
268,472
=
= 5 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 540
Mu
5202816,097
=
0,8
= 6503520,121 Nmm
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
(b.d .R 1 )
6503520,121
2
= 1,26 x 10-3
As
3033,333
=
= 1,0 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 520
193
Segmen 2
q = 9,884 t/m2
Untuk Iy/ I x = 7,11 / 3,5 = 2,031
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
Mlx = 0,001 q.lx2.x1 = 0,001 x 9,884 x 2,42 x 85 = 10,291 tm
Mly = 0,001 q.lx2.x2 = 0,001 x 9,884x 2,42 x 24 = 2,906 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.lx2.x3 = - 0,001 x 9,884x 2,42 x 112 = -13,56 tm
Mty = .Mlx = x 10,291 = 5,146
1). Tulangan arah X (tumpuan dan lapangan)
Mu = Mmaks = Mlx = 102913443,914 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
102913443,914
=
0,8
= 128641804,893 Nmm
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
128641804,893
= 0,01932
2
(1000 x 590 x 19,125)
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
0,01951 x 1000 x 590 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 917,439 mm2
As
917,439
=
= 1,55 x 10-3 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 590
194
Mu
135603596,687
=
0,8
= 169504495,858 Nmm
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
169504495,858
= 2,728 x 10-2
2
(1000 x 570 x 19,125)
As
1256,446
=
= 2,2 x 10-3 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 570
195
Mu
214675601,237
=
0,8
= 268344501,547 Nmm
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
268344501,547
= 2,562 x 10-2
2
(1000 x 740 x 19,125)
Fmaks =
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y ) (600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
2,596 x 10 -2 x 1000 x 740 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 1530,819 mm2
As
1530,819
=
= 2,07 x 10-3 < min = 5,833 x 10 -3
b.d
1000 x 740
Mu
103151560,05
=
0,8
= 128939450,063 Nmm
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
196
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
1289399450,063
= 1,301 x 10-2
2
(1000 x 720 x 19,125)
As
751,094
=
= 1,04 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 720
L
H
Xz
H = 10,25 m
b3 = 0,85 m
Yz a
a
O
b4
b3
b4 = 3,95 m
b5 = 3,95 m
b5
197
B 5 B 3 B1
= 67,959o
Sin a =
B 5 B 3 B1
a = 3,661 m
Cos =
B 5 B 3 B1
L
L = 11,059 cm
3. Pembebanan Counterfort
Tabel 4.22 Pembebanan Counterfort
P
Gaya
Titik Berat
(ton)
Yz
Xz
Lengan
Momen
(m)
(m)
(m)
(tm)
Pa1
1,622
3,417 1,317
8,1
4,683
7,595
Pa2
7,35
3,933
40,456
Pa3
3,35
-0,067
-1,644
Pa4
9,898
-0,9
-8,908
Pa5
-3,792
-82,591
-4,2
-9,324
Pa6
2,22
4,15
3,417 1,317
1,875
-0,558
-2,317
G1
4,176
3,417 1,317
-0,5
1,817
7,586
G2
5,46
3,417 1,317
-0,475
1,792
9,783
G3
7,392
3,417 1,317
-0,4
1,717
12,69
G4
-0,4
1,717
57,35
G5
1,875
-0,558
-11,183
G6
1,9
-0,583
-6,368
G7
1,9
-0,583
-7,617
G8
1,975
-0,658
-13,077
G9
5,669
1,975
-0,658
-3,732
3,417 1,317
M = -11,301 tm
4. Perhitungan Tulangan Lentur
Mu = 11,301 tm = 113012173,98 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
113012173,98
=
= 141265217,475 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 25 mm
198
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
141265217,475
2
= 1,9 x 10-3
F.b.d.R 1
1,9 x 10 -3 x 300 x 3598,817 x 19 ,125
=
= 163,711 mm2
fy
240
As
163,711
=
= 1,5 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 3598,817
P
As
199
fy =
G
As
H1
b2
?2 = 1,676 t/m
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
H2
H
H3
?3 = 1,688 t/m
C3 = 0,15 t/m
3 = 23
H4
A
b4
b3
B
-9,5
-10,55
b5
1
4
H-
1
12
H = 5 + 0,3 = 5,3 m
b2 = 0,3 m
H1 = 1,2 m
b3 =
H2 = 1,6 m
b4 = 13 H ; diambil 1,8 m
H3 = 2,2 m
b5 = 1,8 m
= 2,5856 t/m2
1
12
H-
1
10
H; diambil 0,35 m
200
Ka1 =
1 Sin
atau Ka = tan2 (45 - /2)
1 Sin
1 Sin 14 0
1 Sin 14 0
Ka1 = 0,6104
Ka2 =
1 Sin 210
1 Sin 210
Ka2 = 0.4724
Ka3 =
1 Sin 230
1 Sin 23 0
Ka3 = 0.438
Mencari nilai q :
Akibat beban pelat beton (D) = 0,12 x 2400 = 288 kg/m 2
Akibat beban hidup (L) = diambil 1400 kg/m 2
Kombinasi pembebanan, q
= 1,2.D + 1,6.L
= 1 ,2 x 288 + 1,6 x 1400
= 2585,6 kg/m 2
?2 = 1,676 t/m
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
s a1
Pa1
Pa2
-9,5
?3 = 1,688 t/m
C3 = 0,15 t/m
3 = 23
s a2
Pa3
-10,55
Pa4
s a3
= (Ka2.q) - (2.C2.Ka2)
= (0,472 x 2,586) - (2 x 0,14 x 0,472)
= 1,029 t/m2
s a4
201
a2
= Ka2.
2 .h1
= 0,472 x 1,676 x 4,25
= 3,365 t/m2
a3
= a1 + a2
= 1,029 + 3,365
= 4,394 t/m2
a4
= Ka3.
3 .h2
= 0,438 x 1,688 x 1,05
= 0,777 t/m2
0,25
1,2
G1
G5
G2
G6
0,3
1,6
2,2
G7
G3
0,3
G8
A
G4
1,8
0,35
1,8
202
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
Maktif (tm)
Pa1
4,373
3,175
13,883
Pa2
7,151
2,467
17,639
Pa3
4,614
0,525
2,422
Pa4
0,408
0,35
0,143
P = 16,545
M aktif = 34,088
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
M pasif (tm)
4,913
14,738
G1
0,72
1,925
1,386
G2
1,152
1,95
2,246
G3
1,848
1,814
3,352
G4
2,844
1,975
5,617
G5
3,822
11,466
G6
4,962
3,025
15,01
G7
4,375
3,05
13,344
G8
2,279
3,05
6,952
G = 26,915
M Pasif = 74,111
203
SF
SF
SF
= 2,174 2 (Aman)
M aktif
74,111
2
34,088
G tan B * C 2 Ppasif
1,5
P
SF
SF
= .B -
= .3,95 -
74,111 34,088 1
x 3,95
26,915
6
228 4,3
228 ( 4,3 x 23)
=
= 19,229
40
40 23
Nq
40 5
40 (5 x 23)
=
= 9,118
40
40 23
N =
qult
6
6 x 23
=
= 8,118
40
40 23
= C3.Nc +
3.H 4.Nq + .B.
3 N
=
204
q ult
diambil SF = 3
qall
qall
qall
= 11,524 t/m2
SF
34,572
3
(G W )
6*e
x (1
)
Bx1
B
(26,915 15,8)
6 x 0,488
x (1
)
3,95 x 1
3,95
maks = 18,829 t/m2 > qall = 11,524 t/m2 (Perlu tiang pancang)
min = 2,799 t/m2
= qtoe -
= (min + Uplift -
3 x H4) -
xX
(maks min )
B
* b4
(18,829 2,799)
*X
3,95
= -2,449 t
205
1, 9
M =
vdx = 1,146 X
- 0,676 X3 = -0,232 tm
a. Perhitungan Tulangan
Mu = 0,232 tm = 2136875,623 Nmm
Mu
2136875,623
=
= 2896094,528 Nmm
0,8
H4 = 300 mm
Mn =
= H 4 - d - = 300 - 50 - 20 / 2 = 240 mm
Mn
R 1 = 1 x f c = 0,8 5 x 22 ,5 = 19 ,12 5 N/m m 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
K =
2896094,528
2
(1000 x 240 x 19,125)
= 2,63 x 10-3
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
2,63 x 10-3 x 1000 x 240 x 19,125
=
fy
240
2
= 50,346 mm
As
50,346
=
= 2,1 x 10-4
b.d
1000 x 240
min =
1,4
1, 4
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
206
As terpasang
b.d
1795
= 7,48 x 10-3
1000 x 240
Ix
Iy
Maka momen untuk pelat yang terjepit pada tiga sisi adalah :
Mlx = 0,001.qu.l x2.x1
Mly = 0,001.qu.l x2.x2
Mtx = -0,001.qu.l x2.x3
Mty = -0,001.qu.l x2.x4
Mtiy = .Mlx
207
Mu
34070510,9 52
=
0,8
= 42588138,69 Nmm
H4 = 300 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
K =
42588138,69
2
(1000 x 240 x 19,125)
= 0,03866
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,03944 x 1000 x 240 x 19,125
=
fy
240
2
= 754,25 mm
208
As
754,25
=
= 3,14 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 240
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
1795
= 7,48 x 10-3
1000 x 240
Mu
22021183,908
=
= 27526479,885 Nmm
0,8
H4 = 600 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 20 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
= H 4 - d - tulangan arah X -
= 300 - 50 - 20 - 20/2 = 220 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
27526479,885
=
= 0,02974
(1000 x 220 2 x 19,125)
K =
209
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmax tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,03019 x 1000 x 220 x 19,125
=
fy
240
2
= 529,326 mm
As
529,326
=
= 2,41 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 220
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
1795
= 8,16 x 10-3
1000 x 220
qek
L
210
q.L2
L
Mmaks =
, untuk x =
9 3
3
b. Beban ekivalen :
q ek .x(L - x)
2
Mx =
q.L2
9 3
q ek .x(L - x)
2
, untuk x =
L
3
qek = 0,5258q
Segmen 1
a1
= Ka2.q - (2.C2.Ka2)
= (0,472 x 2,5856) - (2 x 0,14 x 0,472)
= 1,029 t/m2
a2
= (
2.H 1.Ka2)
= (1,676 x 1,2 x 0,472)
= 0,95 t/m2
= a1 + a2
= 1,029 + 0,95
= 1,979 t/m2
a4
= (
2.H 2.Ka2)
= (1,676 x 1,6 x 0,472)
= 1,267 t/m2
= a3 + a4
= 1,979 + 1,267
= 3,246 t/m2
211
a6
= (
2.Ka2).[H 3 -(h2 - H 4)]
= (1,676.0,472).(2,2 - (1,05 - 0,3))
= 1,148 t/m2
a7
= a5 + a6
= 3,246 + 1,148
= 4,394 t/m2
a8
= (
3.Ka3).h2
= (1,688 x 0,438) x 1,05
= 0,777 t/m2
Ix
Iy
Segmen 1
q = 0,95 t/m2
Untuk Iy/ I x = 3,18 / 1,2 = 2,65
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
Mlx = 0,001 q.lx2.x1 = 0,001 x 0,95 x 1,22 x 113 = 0,155 tm
Mly = 0,001 q.lx2.x2 = 0,001 x 0,95 x 1,22 x 20 = 0,027 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.lx2.x3 = - 0,001 x 0,95 x 1,22 x 112 = -0,153 tm
Mty = .Mix = x 0,155 = 0,077
1). Tulangan arah X (tumpuan dan lapangan)
Mu = Mmaks = Mlx = 1546117,693 Nmm
Mn =
1546117,693
= 1932647,117 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
212
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2.
(b.d R 1 )
1932647,117
= 2,8 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 190 x 19,125)
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y ) (600 240)
F.b.d.R1
2,8 x 10-3 x 1000 x 190 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 42,442 mm2
As
42,442
=
= 2,2 x 10-4< min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 190
Mu
1532435,236
=
0,8
= 1915544,045 Nmm
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
1915544,045
2
= 3,47 x 10-3
F.b.d.R 1
3,47 x 10-3 x 1000 x 170 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 47,031 mm2
213
As
47,031
=
= 2,8 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 170
Mu
5755925,50 3
=
0,8
= 7194906,878 Nmm
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
7194906,878
= 6,53 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 240 x 19,125)
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
6,5 x 10-3 x 1000 x 240 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 125,322 mm2
As
125,322
=
= 5,2 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 240
214
Mu
7584278,31
=
= 9480347,887 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
=
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
9480347,887
= 0,01024
(1000 x 220 2 x 19,125)
F.b.d.R 1
0,01029 x 1000 x 220 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 180,481 mm2
As
180,481
=
= 8,2 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 220
215
Mu
31825768,531
=
= 39782210,664 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
39782210,664
= 0,02473
(1000 x 290 2 x 19,125)
1 .450
0,85 x 450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y ) (600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
0,2505 x 1000 x 290 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 578,833 mm2
As
578,833
=
= 2,0 x 10-3 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 290
Mu
12236004
=
= 15295005 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
216
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
15295005
= 0,01097
2
(1000 x 270 x 19,125)
F.b.d.R 1
0,01103 x 1000 x 270 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 237,343 mm2
As
237,343
=
= 8,8 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 270
H
Xz
H=5m
Yz
B3 = 0,35 m
a
a
b4
O
b3
b5
B4 = 1,8 m
B5 = 1,8 m
217
B 5 B 3 B1
= 69,196o
Sin a =
B 5 B 3 B1
a = 1,683 m
Cos =
B 5 B 3 B1
L = 5,35 cm
3. Pembebanan Counterfort
Tabel 4.26 Pembebanan Counterfort
P
Gaya
Titik Berat
Lengan
Momen
(ton)
Yz
Xz
(m)
(m)
(m)
(tm)
Pa1
4,373
1,667
0,6
2,875
1,208
5,284
Pa2
7,151
1,667
0,6
2,167
0,5
3,576
Pa3
4,614
1,667
0,6
0,225
-1,442
-6,652
Pa4
0,408
1,667
0,6
0,05
-1,617
-0,659
4,913
1,667
0,6
0,85
-0,25
-1,228
G1
0,72
1,667
0,6
-0,225
0,825
0,594
G2
1,152
1,667
0,6
-0,2
0,8
0,922
G3
1,848
1,667
0,6
-0,175
0,775
1,432
G4
2,844
1,667
0,6
-0,175
0,775
2,204
G5
3,822
1,667
0,6
0,85
-0,25
-0,955
G6
4,962
1,667
0,6
0,875
-0,275
-1,365
G7
4,375
1,667
0,6
0,9
-0,3
-1,313
G8
2,279
1,667
0,6
0,9
-0,3
-0,684
M = 1,156 tm
4. Perhitungan Tulangan Lentur
Mu = 1,156 tm = 11559357,358 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
11559357,358
=
= 14449196,698 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 20 mm
d
218
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
14449196,698
= 9.6 x 10-4
2
(300 x 1622,644 x 19,125)
As
37,121
=
= 7,6 x 10-5 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 1622,644
P
As
219
fy =
G
As
H1
-9,5
?3 = 1,688 t/m
C3 = 0,15 t/m
3 = 23
H2
A
-10,45
b3
b2
b4
b1 = 0,2 m
H = 2 + 0,2 = 2,2 m
b2 = 0,25 m
H1 = 2 m
b3 = 0,8 m
= 2,5856 t/m2
b4 = 0,8 m
B = 0,4 - 0,7 H ; diambil 1,85 m
220
Ka1 =
1 Sin
atau Ka = tan2 (45 - /2)
1 Sin
1 Sin 14 0
1 Sin 14 0
Ka1 = 0,6104
Ka2 =
1 Sin 210
1 Sin 210
Ka2 = 0,4724
Ka3 =
1 Sin 230
1 Sin 23 0
Ka3 = 0,438
Mencari nilai q :
Akibat beban pelat beton (D) = 0,12 x 2400 = 288 kg/m 2
Akibat beban hidup (L) = diambil 1400 kg/m 2
Kombinasi pembebanan, q
= 1,2.D + 1,6.L
= 1 ,2 x 288 + 1,6 x 1400
= 2585,6 kg/m2
-8,25
?2 = 1,676 t/m
C2 = 0,14 t/m
2 = 21
Pa1
Pa2
-9,5
?3 = 1,688 t/m
C3 = 0,15 t/m
3 = 23
s a2
Pa3
Pa4
-10,45
s a3
= (Ka2.q) - (2.C2.Ka2)
= (0,472 x 2,586) - (2 x 0,14 x 0,472)
= 1,029 t/m2
s a4
221
a2
= Ka2.
2 .h1
= 0,472 x 1,676 x 1,25
= 0,99 t/m2
a3
= a1 + a2
= 1,029 + 0,99
= 1,742 t/m2
a4
= Ka3.
3 .h2
= 0,438 x 1,688 x 0,95
= 0,703 t/m2
Q
0.2
G4
G5
G7
G1
G3
G6
0,2
G8
A
G2
0,8
0,25
0,8
222
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
Maktif (tm)
Pa1
1,286
1,575
2,026
Pa2
0,619
1,367
0,845
Pa3
1,9189
0,475
0,911
Pa4
0,334
0,317
0,106
P = 4,156
M aktif = 3,888
Gaya (ton)
Lengan (m)
M pasif (tm)
2,198
1,425
3,132
G1
0,96
0,9
0,864
G2
0,888
0,925
0,821
G3
0,12
1,017
0,122
G4
0,033
1,021
0,033
G5
0,039
1,041
0,041
G6
0,024
1,044
0,025
G7
1,676
1,45
2,431
G8
1,013
1,45
1,469
G = 6,951
M Pasif = 8,938
223
SF
SF
SF
= 2,299 2 (Aman)
M aktif
8,938
2
3,888
G tan B * C 2 Ppasif
1,5
P
SF
SF
= .B -
= .1.85 -
8,938 3,888 1
x 1,85
6,951
6
228 4,3
228 (4,3 x 23)
=
= 19,229
40
40 23
Nq
40 5
40 (5 x 23)
=
= 9,118
40
40 23
N =
qult
6
6 x 23
=
= 8,118
40
40 23
= C3.Nc +
3.H 2.Nq + .B.
3 N
= (0,15 x 19,229) + (1,688 x 0,2 x 9,118) + ( x 1,85 x
1,688 x 8,118) = 18,641 t/m2
q ult
SF
diambil SF = 3
224
18,641
3
qall
qall
= 6,214 t/m2
(G W )
6*e
x (1
)
Bx1
B
(6,951 1,85)
6 x 0,198
x (1
)
1,85 x 1
1,85
maks = 7,819 t/m2 > qall = 6,214 t/m2 (Perlu tiang pancang)
min = 1,695 t/m2
= qtoe -
= (min + Uplif -
3 x H2) -
xX
(maks min )
B
*b4
(7,819 1,695)
*X
1,85
= 0,027 t
0
1, 9
M =
vdx = 0,679 X
0,552 X3 = 0,152 tm
225
a. Perhitungan Tulangan
Mu = 0,152 tm = 1520358,226 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
1520358,226
=
= 1900447,782 Nmm
0,8
H2 = 200 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 12 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
= H 4 - d - = 200 - 12 - 12 / 2 = 144 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
1900447,782
=
= 4,79 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 144 x 19,125)
F = 1 - (1 - 2k) = 1 - (1 - (2 x 4,79 x 10-3)) = 4,8 x 10 -3
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
F.b.d.R 1
4,7 x 10 -3 x 1000 x 144 x 19,125
As =
=
fy
240
2
= 55,122 mm
As
55,122
=
= 3,8 x 10-4
b.d
1000 x 144
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
226
As terpasang
b.d
950
= 6,6x 10-3
1000 x 144
Maka momen untuk pelat yang terjepit pada tiga sisi adalah :
Ix
Iy
227
Mu
2988636,288
=
0,8
= 3735795,36 Nmm
H2 = 200 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 12 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
3735795,36
(1000 x 144 2 x 19,125)
= 9,42 x 10-3
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
F.b.d.R 1
9,46 x 10 -3 x 1000 x 144 x 19,125
As =
=
fy
240
2
= 108,61 mm
228
As
108,61
=
= 7,5 x 10-4
b.d
1000 x 144
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
905
= 6,28 x 10-3
1000 x 144
Mu
1931679,552
=
= 2414599,44 Nmm
0,8
H2 = 200 mm
fc = 225 kg/cm2 = 22,5 N/mm 2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2 = 240 N/mm 2
Dicoba tulangan pokok 12 mm
d = tebal selimut beton = 50 mm (Tabel 3. Dasar-Dasar
Perencanaan Beton Bertulang, Seri Beton -1,W. C. Vis, Gideon
Kusuma)
d
= H 4 - d - tulangan arah X -
= 200 - 50 - 12 - 12/2 = 132 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
2414599,44
=
= 7,25 x 10-3
2
(1000 x 132 x 19,125)
K =
229
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmax tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
F.b.d.R 1
7,27 x 10 -3 x 1000 x 132 x 19,125
As =
=
fy
240
2
= 76,497 mm
As
76,497
=
= 5,8 x 10-4
b.d
1000 x 132
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
905
= 6,86 x 10-3
1000 x 132
qek
L
230
q.L2
L
Mmaks =
, untuk x =
9 3
3
b. Beban ekivalen :
q ek .x(L - x)
2
Mx =
q.L2
9 3
q ek .x(L - x)
2
, untuk x =
L
3
qek = 0,5258.q
Segmen 1
a1
= Ka2.q - (2.C2.Ka2)
= (0,472 x 2,5856) - (2 x 0,14 x 0,472)
= 1,029 t/m2
a2
= (
2.H 1.Ka2)
= (1,676 x 1,25 x 0,472)
= 0,99 t/m2
= a1 + a2
= 1,029 + 0,99
= 2,019 t/m2
a4
= (
3.h2 .Ka3 )
= (1,676 x 0,95 x 0,438)
= 0,703 t/m2
Ix
Iy
231
Segmen 1
q = 1,945 t/m2
Untuk Iy/ I x = 1,32 / 2,2 = 0,66
Pelat terjepit di kedua sisinya
Mlx = 0,001 q.lx2.x1 = 0,001 x 1,945 x 22 x 113 = 0,7 tm
Mly = 0,001 q.lx2.x2 = 0,001 x 1,945 x 22 x 20 = 0,124 tm
Mty = -0,001 q.lx2.x4 = - 0,001 x 1,945 x 22 x 112 = -0,694 tm
Mty = .Mlx = x 0,7 = 0,35
1). Tulangan arah X (tumpuan dan lapangan)
Mu = Mmaks = Mlx = 7002831,962 Nmm
Mn =
7002831,962
= 8753539,953 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 12 mm
d
K =
8753539,953
= 0,022
(1000 x 144 2 x 19,125)
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
fy
= 256,144 mm2
As
256,144
=
= 1,78 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 144
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
232
Mu
6940859,998
=
= 8676074,998 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 12 mm
d
K =
=
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
8676074,998
= 0,026
(1000 x 132 2 x 19,125)
F.b.d.R 1
0,0264 x 1000 x 132 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 277,527 mm2
As
277,527
=
= 2,1 x 10-3 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 132
233
1141819,428
= 1427274,285 mm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 12 mm
d
K =
(b.d .R 1 )
1427274,285
= 1,98 x 10-3
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
fy
As
30,685
=
= 1,6 x 10-4
b.d
1000 x 194
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
Mu
1504515,011
=
= 1880643,764 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 12 mm
234
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
1880643,764
= 3,69 x 10-3
(1000 x 163,25 2 x 19,125)
F.b.d.R 1
3,7 x 10 -3 x 1000 x 163,25 x 19 ,125
=
fy
240
= 48,089 mm2
As
48,089
=
= 2,9 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 163,25
H=2m
B2 = 0,25 m
Xz
B3 = 0,8 m
Yz a
a
B4 = 0,8 m
O
b3
b2
b4
235
B 5 B 3 B1
= 69,196o
Sin a =
B 5 B 3 B1
a = 0,748 m
Cos =
B 5 B 3 B1
L
L = 2,393 cm
3. Pembebanan Counterfort
Tabel 4.30 Pembebanan Counterfort
P
Gaya
Titik Berat
Lengan
Momen
(ton)
Yz
Xz
(m)
(m)
(m)
(tm)
Pa1
1,286
0,667
0,267
1,375
0,708
0,911
Pa2
0,619
0,667
0,267
1,167
0,5
0,309
Pa3
1,918
0,667
0,267
0,275
-0,392
-0,751
Pa4
0,334
0,667
0,267
0,117
-0,55
-0,184
2,198
0,667
0,267
0,375 -0,108
-0,238
G1
0,96
0,667
0,267
-0,15
G2
0,888
0,667
0,267
-0,125 0,392
0,348
G3
0,12
0,667
0,267
-0,033
0,3
0,036
G4
0,033
0,667
0,267
-0,04
0,306
0,01
G5
0,039
0,667
0,267
-0,009 0,276
0,011
G6
0,024
0,667
0,267
-0,006 0,273
0,006
G7
1,676
0,667
0,267
0,4
-0,133
-0,224
G8
1,013
0,667
0,267
0,4
-0,133
-0,135
0,417
0,4
M = 0,5 tm
4. Perhitungan Tulangan Lentur
Mu = 0,5 tm = 5000908,101 Nmm
Mn =
Mu
5000908,101
=
= 6251135,126 Nmm
0,8
Tulangan direncanakan 12 mm
d
236
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R1 )
6251135,126
= 2,28 x 10-3
2
(300 x 691,842 x 19,125)
As
37,691
=
= 1,8 x 10-4 < min = 5,833 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 691,842
P
As
237
fy =
G
As
32 32
100 100
460
32 32
100 100
250
+37,00
+36,00
+33,00
+31,25
+26,75
1488
238
120
160
245
100
14
35
190 40
190
410
190 40
190
1. Perhitungan pembebanan
fc = 225 kg/cm2
f y = 2400 kg/cm2
f
ln (0,8 y )
1500
hmin =
36 9.
ln = l y = 4100 mm
l x = 3360 mm (sama dengan jarak antar counterfort dinding gerbang A)
= ly/lx = 1,22
hmin
240
4100 x (0,8
)
1500
=
36 (9 x 1,22)
hmin = 83,777 mm
hmaks
hmaks
f
ln (0,8 y )
1500
=
36 9.
240
4100 x (0,8
)
1500
=
36
hmaks = 109,333 mm
Syarat : l y/lx < 2,0 hmin = 120 mm
l y/lx 2,0 hmin = 90 mm
239
240
Ix
Iy
Mu
20873567,232
=
= 26091959,04 Nmm
0,8
= 140 mm
= h - d - /2 = 140 - 40 - 12/2 = 94 mm
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
241
26091959,04
(1000 x 974 2 x 19,125)
= 0,154
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,154 x 1000 x 94 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 1263,043 mm 2
As
1263,043
=
= 0,013
b.d
1000 x 94
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
Fmaks .R 1
0, 455 x 19,125
=
= 0,03626
fy
240
As terpasang
b.d
1508
= 0.016
1000 x 94
Mu 13506425,856
=
= 16883032,32 Nmm
0,8
= 140 mm
242
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,141 x 1000 x 82 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 923,077 mm 2
As
923,077
=
= 0,11
b.d
1000 x 94
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
905
= 0.011
1000 x 82
243
Mu
38677492,224
=
= 48346865,28 Nmm
0,8
= 140 mm
= h - d - /2 = 140 - 40 - 14/2 = 93 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
48346865,28
=
= 0,292
(1000 x 932 x 19,125)
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,355 x 1000 x 93 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 2634,259 mm 2
As
2634,259
=
= 0,028
b.d
1000 x 93
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
244
b.d
3079
= 0.033
1000 x 93
0,8
= 140 mm
Mn =
h
= h - d - /2 - = 140 - 40 - 14/2 - 14 = 79 mm
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
41440170,24
=
= 0,347
(1000 x 79 2 x 19,125)
F = 1 - (1 - 2k) = 1 - (1 - (2 x 0,347)) = 0,447
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,447 x 1000 x 79 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 2815,069 mm 2
As
2815,069
=
= 0,36
b.d
1000 x 79
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
245
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
3079
= 0.039
1000 x 79
3
1
3
1
1
3
1
3
3360
3
1
1
3
3360
3
1
1
3
3360
2100
1000
4
3
3360
1000
1440
246
a. Balok melintang
l = 210 cm = 2100 mm
f y = 240 Mpa
fy
Faktor pengali (FP) = (0,4 )
700
= 0,743
hmin =
l
2100
=
= 100,962 mm
28 x 0,743
28.FP
= 450 mm
= 2/3.h = 2/3 x 450 = 300 mm
fy
Faktor pengali (FP) = (0,4 )
700
= 0,743
hmin =
3360
l
=
= 161,538 mm
28.FP 28 x 0,743
= 450 mm
= 2/3.h = 2/3 x 450 = 300 mm
247
7
3
1
1
1
3
1
3
5 5
2
4
3360
3360
3360
3360
78
1440
qek
Ly
Ly - Lx
Ly
Lx
q.L x .(3.L y 2 L x 2 )
6.L y
248
q
qek
Lx
2100
1000
3360
3360
3360
3360
1440
249
q.L x .(3.L y L x )
2
qek =
6.L y 2
= 4966,423 kg/m
c). Akibat berat sendiri balok :
q = 0,45 x 0,30 x 2400 = 324 kg/m
qtotal = 3625,333 + 4966,423 + 324 = 8915,757 kg/m
Asumsi : Balok menerus di atas dua tumpuan, sehingga :
Mlap
= 1/16.q.L x2
Mtump = 1/11.q.Ly2
Vu
= .q.L
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
20877675
=
= 26097093,75 Nmm
0,8
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
26097093,75
=
= 0,03
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
250
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,352
Fmaks =
As =
As
281,624
=
= 0,02
b.d
300 x 392
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
1257
= 0,11
b.d
300 x 392
min < < maks OK
251
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
30367527,273
=
= 37959409,091 Nmm
0,8
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
37959409,091
=
= 0,043
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
F = 1 - (1 - 2k) = 1 - (1 - (2 x 0,043)) = 0,044
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,352
Fmaks =
F.b.d.R 1
fy
252
= 412,561 mm 2
=
As
412,561
=
= 0,004
b.d
300 x 392
min =
1,4
1, 4
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Di tumpuan Vu = 7953,4 kg
Pada jarak sejauh d dari tumpuan :
Vu = 7953,4 - q.d = 7953,4 - (7953,4 x 0,392) = 4835,667 kg
253
Vn =
Vu
4835,667
=
= 8059,445 kg
0,6
S = jarak sengkang
=
Av.d.f y
Vn Vc
8 x 7953,4
8 .V
=
= 6,733 kg/cm2
7.b.h
7 x 30 x 45
Syarat : b
6,733 1,35 bk = 1,35 x 225
6,733 20,25 kg/cm2 (aman)
254
420
220
8-140
450
420
8-100
450
300
Lapangan
220
300
Tumpuan
b. Balok Memanjang
1). Tulangan Lentur Lapangan
Mlap = 1/16.q.L y2 = 1/16 x 8915,757 x 3,362
= 6290,958 kgm = 62909579,775 Nmm
Direncanakan menggunakan :
Tulangan utama = 20 mm
Tulangan sengkang = 8 mm
f y = 240 Mpa = 240 N/mm 2 = 2400 kg/cm2
h
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
62909579,775
=
= 78636974,719 Nmm
0,8
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
78636974,719
=
= 0,089
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,352
Fmaks =
255
M1
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
25583534,719
=
= 0,029
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
As 1 =
_ =
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
dipakai min
= 0,85 x
< min
256
As terpasang
1257
= 0,011
b.d
300 x 392
min < < maks OK
Periksa :
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
91504843,309
=
= 114381054,136 Nmm
0,8
K =
=
Mn
2
(b.d .R 1 )
114381054,136
2
= 0,13
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,351
Fmaks =
257
M1
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
61327614,136
=
= 0,07
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
As 1 =
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
1257
= 0,11
b.d
300 x 392
min < < maks OK
258
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Di tumpuan Vu = 14978,471 kg
Pada jarak sejauh d dari tumpuan :
Vu = 14978,471 - q.d
= 14978,471 - (14978,471 x 0,394) = 9076,954 kg
Vn =
Vu
9076,954
=
= 15128,256 kg
0,6
Av.d.f y
Vn Vc
259
8 .V
8 x 14978,471
=
= 12,68 kg/cm2
7.b.h
7 x 30 x 45
Syarat : b
12,68 1,35 bk = 1,35 x 225
12,68 20,25 kg/cm2 (aman)
420
220
8-140
450
420
8-100
450
220
300
300
Lapangan
Tumpuan
53
53
100 100
460
100
470
53 53
100 100
250
+37,00
+36,00
+33,00
+31,00
+26,75
2142
260
200
240
385
100
12
60
300
80
300
190
300
80
300
hmin
240
1900 x ( 0,8
)
1500
=
36 (9 x 0,621)
hmin = 43,859 mm
hmaks
hmaks
f
ln (0,8 y )
1500
=
36 9.
240
1900 x ( 0,8
)
1500
=
36
hmaks = 50,667 mm
Syarat : l y/lx < 2,0 hmin = 120 mm
261
Berdasarkan Tabel 10 Dasar-Dasar Perencanaan Beton BertulangSeri Beton 1, hmin= (1/27).l x = (1/27) x 3060 = 113,333 mm
Dipilih tebal pelat = 120 mm (paling aman)
Konstruksi Ambang (Trap), direncanakan tidak terbuat dari material
beton bertulang dan hanya digunakan untuk memperkuat stabilitas
konstruksi pintu gerbang, maka ketebalan pelat lantai sebenarnya tetap
sebesar 120 mm.
a. Kondisi 1 (Gerbang Kosong)
H = tinggi muka air tanah dari dasar pelat
H = (+33,00) - (+28,63) = 4,37 m, dengan pembebanan :
1). Beban akibat kostruksi ambang = ditentukan sebesar -900 kg/m2
2). Berat sendiri pelat = 0,12 x 2400 = -288 kg/m2
3). Gaya Uplift = 4,37 x 1000 = 4370 kg/m2
qtotal = (-900) + (-288) + (4370) = 3182 kg/m 2 (ke bawah)
b. Kondisi 2 (Gerbang Penuh Air)
H = tinggi muka air dalam gerbang
H = (+36,00) - (+28,63) = 7,37 m, dengan pembebanan :
1). Beban akibat kostruksi ambang = ditentukan sebesar -900 kg/m2
2). Berat sendiri pelat = 0,12 x 2400 = -288 kg/m2
3). Gaya Uplift = 4,37 x 1000 = 4370 kg/m2
4). Berat Air = 7,37 x 1000 = -7370 kg/m2
qtotal = (-900) + (-288) + (4370) + (-7370) = -4188 kg/m2 (ke bawah)
Pembebanan pada saat gerbang terisi air lebih besar daripada
saat gerbang kosong, sehingga untuk perhitungan pelat lantai
didasarkan pada pembebanan kondisi 2 dengan arah pembebanan
ke bawah.
262
Ix
Iy
Mu
9803689,2
=
= 12254611,5 Nmm
0,8
= 120 mm
= h - d - /2 = 120 - 40 - 12/2 = 74 mm
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
263
12254611,5
= 0,117
(1000 x 74 2 x 19,125)
F = 1 - (1 - 2k) = 1 - (1 - (2 x 0,117)) = 0,125
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,125 x 1000 x 74 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 735,935 mm 2
As
735,935
=
= 9,95 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 74
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
754
= 0.01019
1000 x 74
Mu
9803689,2
=
= 12256411,5 Nmm
0,8
= 120 mm
264
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,183 x 1000 x 72 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 906,775 mm 2
As
906,775
=
= 0,0146
b.d
1000 x 62
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
1131
= 0.0182
1000 x 62
265
Mu 19999525,968
=
= 24999407,46 Nmm
0,8
= 120 mm
= h - d - /2 = 120 - 40 - 12/2 = 74 mm
Mn
R 1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
24999407,46
=
= 0,239
2
(1000 x 74 x 19,125)
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,277 x 1000 x 74 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 1634,016 mm 2
As
1634,016
=
= 0,221
b.d
1000 x 74
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
266
2262
= 0.03057
b.d
1000 x 74
min < < maks OK
0,8
= 120 mm
Mn =
h
= h - d - /2 - = 120 - 40 - 12/2 - 12 = 62 mm
Mn
K =
(b.d .R 1 )
24999407,46
=
= 0,34
(1000 x 62 2 x 19,125)
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,434 x 1000 x 62 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 2146,237 mm 2
As
2146,237
=
= 0,346
b.d
1000 x 62
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
267
atau maks =
As terpasang
b.d
2262
= 0.0365
1000 x 62
3
1
3
1
1
3
1
3
3060
3
1
1
3
3060
3
1
1
3
3060
3
1
1
3
3060
450
1000
450
1
3
3060
3
1
1
3
3060
3
1
3060
268
fy
Faktor pengali (FP) = (0,4 )
700
= 0,743
l
1000
=
= 48,077 mm
28.FP
28 x 0,743
hmin =
fy
Faktor pengali (FP) = (0,4 )
700
= 0,743
l
3060
=
= 147,115 mm
28.FP
28 x 0,743
hmin =
3
1
3
1
3060
3
1
3060
3
1
3060
3
1
3060
3
1
3060
3
1
3060
450
1000
3060
450
269
Gambar 4.65 Lay Out Balok Lantai Gerbang B serta Pola Pembebanan dengan
Metode Amplop
qek
Ly
Ly - Lx
Ly
Lx
q.L x .(3.L y 2 L x 2 )
6.L y
q
qek
Lx
270
1000
450
3060
3060
3060
3060
3060
3060
3060
q.L x .(3.L y 2 L x 2 )
6.L y 2
= 2019,456 kg/m
4188 x 1 (3 x 3,06 2 12 )
=
6 x 3,06 2
= 1/16.q.L 2
Mtump = 1/11.q.L 2
Vu
= .q.L
271
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
3692500
=
= 4615625 Nmm
0,8
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
4615625
= 5,18 x 10-3
(300 x 394 2 x 19,125)
F = 1 - (1 - 2k) = 1 - (1 - (2 x 5,18 x 10-3)) = 5,2 x 10 -3
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,352
Fmaks =
272
As =
As
48,939
=
= 4,1 x 10-4
b.d
300 x 394
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
_ =
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
804
= 6,802 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 394
min < < maks OK
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
273
= 450 - 40 - x 16 - 8 = 394 mm
Mn =
Mu
5370909,091
=
= 6713636,364 Nmm
0,8
K =
=
Mn
2
(b.d .R 1 )
6713636,364
2
= 7,54 x 10-3
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,351
Fmaks =
_ =
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
274
804
= 6,802 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 394
min < < maks OK
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Di tumpuan Vu = 2954 kg
Pada jarak sejauh d dari tumpuan :
Vu = 2954 - q.d = 2954 - 2954 x 0,394 = 1790,124 kg
Vn =
Vu 1790,124
=
= 2983,54 kg
0,6
275
Av.d.f y
Vn Vc
8 .V
8 x 2954
=
= 2,501 kg/cm2
7.b.h
7 x 30 x 45
Syarat : b
2,501 1,35 bk = 1,35 x 225
2,501 20,25 kg/cm2 (aman)
416
216
8-140
450
416
8-100
450
216
300
300
Lapangan
Tumpuan
b. Balok Memanjang
1). Tulangan Lentur Lapangan
Mlap = 1/16.q.L2 = 1/16 x 5135,456 x 3,062
= 3005,397 kgm = 30053972,5 Nmm
Direncanakan menggunakan :
Tulangan utama = 16 mm
276
Tulangan sengkang = 8 mm
f y = 240 Mpa = 240 N/mm 2 = 2400 kg/cm2
h
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
30053972,5
=
= 37567465,625 Nmm
0,8
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
37567465,625
=
= 0,0422
(300 x 394 2 x 19,125)
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,351
Fmaks =
M1
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
3420342,425
=
= 3,84 x 10-3
2
(300 x 394 x 19,125)
K =
277
F.b.d.R 1
3,84 x 10 -3 x 300 x 394 x 19,125
=
=
fy
240
2
= 36,241 mm
As 1
_ =
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
804
= 6,8 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 394
min < < maks OK
= 450 mm
278
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
43714869,0 91
=
= 54643586,364 Nmm
0,8
Mn
K =
(b.d .R 1 )
54643586,364
=
= 0,6135
(300 x 394 2 x 19,125)
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,351
Fmaks =
M1
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
20496463,164
=
= 0,029
2
(300 x 394 x 19,125)
K =
As 1 =
279
As
621,229
=
= 5,26 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 394
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
_ =
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
804
= 6,8 x 10-3
b.d
300 x 394
min < < maks OK
Periksa :
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
280
= 450 - 40 - x 16 - 8 = 394 mm
Di tumpuan Vu = 7857,248 kg
Pada jarak sejauh d dari tumpuan:
Vu = 7857,248 - q.d = 7857,248 - 7857,248 x 0,394 = 4761,492 kg
Vn =
Vu
4761,492
=
= 7935,82 kg
0,6
Av.d.f y
Vn Vc
8 x 7857,248
8 .V
=
= 6,652 kg/cm2
7.b.h
7 x 30 x 45
Syarat : b
6,652 1,35 bk = 1,35 x 225
6,652 20,25 kg/cm2 (aman)
281
4 16
216
8-140
450
8-100
450
4 16
216
300
300
Lapangan
Tumpuan
59
59
1 00 1 0 0
470
59
59
1 0 0 1 00
250
+ 37 ,0 0
+ 36 ,0 0
+ 33 ,0 0
+ 31 ,0 0
+ 26 ,7 5
16 0 6
350
385
100
160
395
80
395
395
80
395
Karena permukaan dasar saluran gerbang C semua tertutup telapak DPT maka
berfungsi juga sebagai plat lantai.
282
+37,00
+36,00
+26,75
19900
350
385
100
15
160
395
80
395
395
80
395
283
ln = l y = 3316 mm
l x = 3316 mm (sama dengan jarak antar counterfort dinding gerbang A)
= ly/lx = 1
hmin
240
3316 x ( 0,8
)
1500
=
36 (9 x 1)
hmin = 70,741 mm
hmaks
hmaks
f
ln (0,8 y )
1500
=
36
240
3316 x ( 0,8
)
1500
=
36
hmaks = 88,4267 mm
Syarat : l y/lx < 2,0 hmin = 120 mm
l y/lx 2,0 hmin = 90 mm
Berdasarkan Tabel 10 Dasar-Dasar Perencanaan Beton BertulangSeri Beton 1, hmin= (1/27).l x = (1/27) x 3316 = 122,8148 mm
Dipilih tebal pelat = 150 mm (paling aman)
Konstruksi Ambang (Trap), direncanakan tidak terbuat dari material
beton bertulang dan hanya digunakan untuk memperkuat stabilitas
konstruksi pintu gerbang, maka ketebalan pelat lantai sebenarnya tetap
sebesar 120 mm.
a. Kondisi 1 (Gerbang Kosong)
H = tinggi muka air tanah dari dasar pelat
H = (+31,00) - (+26,6) = 0,15 m, dengan pembebanan :
1). Berat sendiri pelat = 0,15 x 2400 = -360 kg/m2
2). Gaya Uplift = 4,4 x 1000 = 4400 kg/m2
qtotal = + (-360) + (4400) = 4040 kg/m2 (ke bawah)
b. Kondisi 2 (Gerbang Penuh Air)
H = tinggi muka air dalam gerbang
H = (+36,00) - (+26,6) = 9,4 m, dengan pembebanan :
284
Ix
Iy
285
Mu 14734447
=
= 18418058,8 Nmm
0,8
= 150 mm
K =
1 .450
(600 f y )
0,85 x 450
= 0,455
(600 240)
F.b.d.R 1
0,101 x 1000 x 100 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 808,426 mm2
As
808, 426
=
= 8,08 x 10-3
b.d
1000 x 100
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
286
b.d
2513
= 0,0253
1000 x 100
Mu 14734447,04
=
= 18418058,8 Nmm
0,8
= 150 mm
= h - d - /2 - = 150 - 40 - 20/2 - 20 = 80 mm
Mn
R 1 = 1 x fc = 0, 85 x 22, 5 = 19 ,12 5 N/ mm 2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
18418058,8
=
= 0,1505
(1000 x 80 2 x 19,125)
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,1639 x 1000 x 80 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 1044,908 mm2
As
1044,908
=
= 0,0131
b.d
1000 x 80
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
287
atau maks = 1.
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
2513
= 0.0314
1000 x 80
Mu
30058271,962
=
= 37572839,952 Nmm
0,8
= 150 mm
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,221 x 1000 x 100 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 1759,864 mm2
288
As
1759,864
=
= 0,0176
b.d
1000 x 100
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
2513
= 0.02513
b.d
1000 x 100
min < < maks OK
0,8
= 150 mm
Mn =
h
= h - d - /2 = 150 - 40 - 20/2 = 80 mm
Mn
R 1 = 1 x fc = 0, 85 x 22, 5 = 19 ,12 5 N/ mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
37572839,952
=
= 0,307
2
(1000 x 80 x 19,125)
K =
289
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
F < Fmaks tulangan tunggal under reinforced
Fmaks =
As =
F.b.d.R 1
0,3786 x 1000 x 100 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 2413,951 mm2
As
2413,951
=
= 0,03017
b.d
1000 x 100
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
atau maks =
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
As terpasang
b.d
2513
= 0.03141
1000 x 100
290
3316,67
1
3
1
1
3316,67
3316,67
3316,67
1
1
1
1
3316,67
2
2
3
3316,67
19900.00
yaitu balok
1,
dengan pertimbangan
fy
Faktor pengali (FP) = (0,4 )
700
= 0,743
hmin =
l
3316
=
= 159,423 mm
28 x 0,743
28.FP
kemudahan
291
b. Balok memanjang
l = 331,6 cm = 3316 mm
f y = 240 Mpa
fy
Faktor pengali (FP) = (0,4 )
700
= 0,743
hmin =
l
3316
=
= 159,423 mm
28 x 0,743
28.FP
1
1
3316,67
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3316,67
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
3
1
1
3316,67
3316,67
3316,67
5
3316,67
19900.00
292
q
qek
Lx
qek
Ly
Ly - Lx
Ly
Lx
q.L x .(3.L y L x )
2
qek =
6.L y 2
293
b. Pembebanan
3316,67
3316,67
3316,67
3316,67
3316,67
3316,67
19900.00
q.L x .(3.L y 2 L x 2 )
6.L y
= 5924,587 kg/m
6 x 3,316 2
294
= 1/16.q.L 2
Mtump = 1/11.q.L 2
Vu
= .q.L
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
51341484,307
=
= 64176855,383 Nmm
0,8
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
64176855,383
=
= 0,073
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,352
Fmaks =
295
M1
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
11123415,383
=
= 0,013
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
As 1 =
_ =
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
296
Periksa :
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
74678522,628
=
= 93348153,285 Nmm
0,8
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
93348153,285
=
= 0,106
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,352
Fmaks =
297
M1
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
40294713,285
=
= 0,0457
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
As 1 =
_ =
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
1571
= 0,01336
b.d
300 x 392
min < < maks OK
298
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Di tumpuan Vu = 12386,365 kg
Pada jarak sejauh d dari tumpuan:
Vu = 12386,365 - q.d = 12386,365 - 12386,365 x 0,392 = 7530,91 kg
Vn =
Vu
7530,91
=
= 12551,517 kg
0,6
Av.d.f y
Vn Vc
299
=
= 10,486 kg/cm2
7.b.h
7 x 30 x 45
Syarat : b
216
8-140
450
520
8-100
450
300
216
300
Lapangan
Tumpuan
b. Balok Memanjang
1). Tulangan Lentur Lapangan
Mlap = 1/16.q.L2 = 1/16 x 9821,92 x 3,3162
= 6750,026 tm = 67500261,227 Nmm
Direncanakan menggunakan :
Tulangan utama = 20 mm
Tulangan sengkang = 8 mm
f y = 240 Mpa = 240 N/mm 2 = 2400 kg/cm2
h
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
67500261,227
=
0,8
= 84375326,534 Nmm
300
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
K =
84375326,534
= 0,0957
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,352
Fmaks =
M1
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
31321886,534
=
= 0,035
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
As 1 =
_ =
min
301
atau maks = 1.
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
Periksa :
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Mn =
Mu
98182198,149
=
= 122727747,686 Nmm
0,8
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
122727747,686
=
= 0,139
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
302
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,352
Fmaks =
M1
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
69674307,686
=
= 0,079
(300 x 392 2 x 19,125)
K =
As 1 =
_ =
min
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
303
1571
= 0,013
b.d
300 x 392
min < < maks OK
= 450 mm
= 300 mm
Di tumpuan Vu = 16284,743 kg
Pada jarak sejauh d dari tumpuan :
Vu = 16284,743 - q.d
= 16284,743 - 16284,743 x 0,392 = 9901,124 kg
Vn =
Vu
9901,124
=
= 16501,873 kg
0,6
304
Av.d.f y
Vn Vc
=
= 13,786 kg/cm2
7.b.h
7 x 30 x 45
Syarat : b
13,786 1,35 bk = 1,35 x 225
13,786 20,25 kg/cm2 (aman)
520
216
8-140
520
8-100
450
216
300
300
Lapangan
Tumpuan
305
2.15
2.15
X
14.88
2.15
2.15
2.15
0.99
1.025
2.15
1,025
1.025
2,15
1,025
B
) - (H.y)
2
Di mana :
x=
y=
M pasif
G
M aktif
H
M = 27,038 x (2,781 -
77,635
= 2,871
27,038
35,334
= 1,984
17,811
4 ,2
) - (17,811 x 1,984) = -14,48 tm
2
306
2
N
14
7 x 2,311
ny.X
q c .A
3
f c .O
Di mana :
qc = .(qcu + qcb)
qcu = qc rata-rata di atas ujung tiang sejauh 8 x tiang = 120 kg/cm2
qcu = qc rata-rata di bawah ujung tiang sejauh 3,75 x tiang = 280 kg/cm2
qc = x (120 + 280) = 200 kg/cm 2
fc = 720 kg/cm
A = luas penampang tiang = x x 402 = 1256 cm2
O = keliling tiang = x 40 = 125,6 cm
Data yang dipakai adalah data sondir di titik S1 dengan q c dan fc yang
terbesar.
Pall =
200 x 1256
3
720 x 125,6
= 101819,733 kg = 101,82 t
5
307
90
m.n
Di mana :
= arc tan (d/s) = arc tan (40/200) = 11,31 0
m = 7
n
= 2
11,31 (7 1) x 2 ( 2 1) x 7
Efisiensi () = 1
= 0,829
90
7x2
1000
2100
1000
3360
3360
3360
3360
1440
308
= 8,785 t ()
b. Berat Pelat 2
= 45,39 t ()
c. Balok Melintang
7,97 t ()
= 14,642 t ()+
G = 86,43 t ()
Pmaks =
G
86,43
=
= 7,22 t
N
12
8,785 t ()
b. Berat Pelat 2
45,39 t ()
7,97 t ()
9,642 t ()
e. Berat Air
= 266,605 t ()
f. Gaya Uplift
= 14,642 t () +
G = 353,035 t (
)
Pmaks =
G 353,035
=
= 29,42 t
N
12
309
1,25
2,15
2,15
1,25
B
) - (H.y)
2
Di mana : x =
y=
M pasif
G
M aktif
H
M = 69,598 x (4,569 -
318,016
= 4,569
69,598
128,396
= 3,143
40,852
6,8
) - (40,852 x 3,143) = -47,013 tm
2
310
2
N
30
10 x 9,245
ny.X
q c .A
3
f c .O
Di mana :
qc = .(qcu + qcb)
qcu = qc rata-rata di atas ujung tiang sejauh 8 x tiang = 150 kg/cm2
qcu = qc rata-rata di bawah ujung tiang sejauh 3,75 x tiang = 290 kg/cm2
qc = x (150 + 290) = 220 kg/cm 2
fc = 750 kg/cm
A = luas penampang tiang = x x 402 = 1256 cm2
O = keliling tiang = x 40 = 125,6 cm
Pall =
= 110946,667 kg = 110,947 t
3
5
311
90
m.n
Di mana :
= arc tan (d/s) = arc tan (40/200) = 11,31 0
m = 10
n
=3
11,31 (10 1) x 3 (3 1) x 10
Efisiensi () = 1
= 0,803
90
10 x 3
1000
450
3060
3060
3060
3060
3060
3060
3060
312
5,855 t ()
b. Berat Pelat 2
30,251 t (
)
3,964 t ()
13,867 t ()
e. Gaya Uplift
9,758 t (
)+
=
G =
Pmaks =
63,425 t ()
G
63,425
=
= 2,643 t
N
24
a. Berat Pelat 1
b. Berat Pelat 2
= 30,251 t (
)
c. Balok Melintang
3,964 t ()
= 177,684 t ()
f. Gaya Uplift
=187,443 t () +
G = 418,794 t ()
Pmaks =
G
418,794
=
= 17,45 t
N
24
313
X
2,15
2,15
2,15
1,58
1,125 2,15
2,15
2,15 1,125
B
) - (H.y)
2
Di mana :
x=
y=
M pasif
G
M aktif
H
707,179
= 5,697
124,123
299,087
= 4,244
70,466
M = 124,123 x (5,697 -
8 ,7
) - (70,466 x 4,244) = -131,843 tm
2
314
Gtot
2
N
28
7 x 9,245
ny.X
q c .A
3
f c .O
Di mana :
qc = .(qcu + qcb)
qcu = qc rata-rata di atas ujung tiang sejauh 8 x tiang = 210 kg/cm2
qcu = qc rata-rata di bawah ujung tiang sejauh 3,75 x tiang = 320 kg/cm2
qc = x (210 + 320 ) = 265 kg/cm 2
fc = 800 kg/cm
A = luas penampang tiang = x x 502 = 1962,5 cm2
O = keliling tiang = x 50 = 157 cm
Pall =
= 198474,167 kg = 198,474 t
3
5
315
90
m.n
Di mana :
= arc tan (d/s) = arc tan (50/200) = 14,036 0
m =7
n
=4
14,036
(7 1) x 4 (4 1) x 7
Efisiensi () = 1
= 0,749
90
7x4
X
1,5
1,5
0,95
1,225 1,5 1,225
1,225
1,5
1,225
Gambar 4.87 Lay Out Tiang Pancang Dinding Beda Elevasi Gerbang A C
S = jarak antar tiang pancang = 1,5 m
Lebar tapak (B) = 3,95 m
Panjang gerbang = 7,9 m
Tinggi dinding gerbang = 5 m
316
B
) - (H.y)
2
Di mana :
x=
y=
M pasif
G
M aktif
H
74,111
= 2,754
26,915
34,088
= 2,06
16,546
M = 26,915 x (2,754 -
3,95
2
Gtot
2
N
ny.X
10
5 x 4 ,5
q c .A
3
f .O
c
5
317
Di mana :
qc = .(qcu + qcb)
qcu = qc rata-rata di atas ujung tiang sejauh 8 x tiang =115 kg/cm2
qcu = qc rata-rata di bawah ujung tiang sejauh 3,75 x tiang = 215 kg/cm2
qc = x (115 + 215) = 165 kg/cm2
fc = 795 kg/cm
A = luas penampang tiang = x x 402 = 1256 cm2
O = keliling tiang = x 40 = 125,6 cm
Pall =
= 89050,4 kg = 89,05 t
3
5
90
m.n
Di mana :
= arc tan (d/s) = arc tan (40/100) = 21,8010
m =5
n
=2
21,801 (5 1) x 2 (2 1) x 5
Efisiensi () = 1
= 0,685
90
5x 2
318
7,9
1,0
1,0
1,0
0,95
0,425
1,00
0,425
Gambar 4.88 Lay Out Tiang Pancang Dinding Beda Elevasi Gerbang B - C
B
) (H.y)
2
Di mana :
x=
y=
M pasif
G
M aktif
H
8,938
= 1,286
6,951
3,888
= 0,935
4,156
M = 6,951 x (1,286 -
1,85
2
319
Gtot
2
N
14
7x2
ny.X
q c .A
3
f c .O
Di mana :
qc = .(qcu + qcb)
qcu = qc rata-rata di atas ujung tiang sejauh 8 x tiang = 75 kg/cm2
qcu = qc rata-rata di bawah ujung tiang sejauh 3,75 x tiang = 125 kg/cm2
qc = x (75 +125) = 100 kg/cm 2
fc = 450 kg/cm
A = luas penampang tiang = x x 152 = 176,625 cm2
O = keliling tiang = x 15 = 47,1 cm
Pall =
= 10126,5 kg =10,1265 t
3
5
320
90
m.n
Di mana :
= arc tan (d/s) = arc tan (15/30) = 26,565 0
m =7
n
=2
26,565
( 7 1) x 2 (2 1) x 7
Efisiensi () = 1
= 0,599
90
7x2
2,15
16,06
X
2,15
2,15
2,15
1,58
1,125 2,15
2,15
2,15 1,125
1,125
2,15
q c .A f c .O
3
5
2,15
2,15
1,125
321
Dimana :
qc = .(qcu + qcb)
qcu = qc rata-rata di atas ujung tiang sejauh 8 x tiang = 90 kg/cm2
qcu = qc rata-rata di bawah ujung tiang sejauh 3,75 x tiang = 210 kg/cm2
qc = x (90 + 210) = 150 kg/cm 2
fc = 520 kg/cm
A = luas penampang tiang = x x 402 = 1256 cm2
O = keliling tiang = x 40 = 125,6 cm
Pall =
= 75862,4 kg = 75,8624 t
3
5
3316,67
3316,67
3316,67
3316,67
3316,67
3316,67
19900.00
322
= 1,979 t ()
b. Berat Pelat 2
= 8,577 t ()
c. Balok Melintang
= 2,639 t ()+
G = 21,79 t ()
Pmaks =
G
21,79
=
= 21,79 t
N
1
1,979 t ()
b. Berat Pelat 2
8,577 t ()
c. Balok Melintang
6,446 t ()
2,149 t ()
e. Berat Air
= 685,606 t ()
f. Gaya Uplift
2,639 t ()+
G = 69,842 t ()
Pmax =
G 69,842
=
= 69,842 t
N
1
323
a
R2
(L - a)
L
R1
M1
M2
Mx
Kondisi 1
a. q = berat tiang pancang = ..(0,42).(2,4) = 0,3014 t/m
b. a = 0,29 L = 0,29 x 10 = 2,9 m
c. M1 = M 2 = .q.a2 = x 0,3014 x 2,92 = 1,267 tm
Perhitungan menggunakan penampang bujur sangkar yang telah dikorelasikan
terhadap penampang lingkaran :
a'
d'
D' D
H'
a'
d'
D = D - 2a
H = 0,88 (D - 2a)
Perhitungan tulangan :
H
26,4 = H - 2 x 5
H
= 36,4 cm
= 364 mm
324
Mu 12675552
=
= 15844440 Nmm
0,8
Mn
K =
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
Mn =
15844440
2
(364 x 300 x 19,125)
= 0,0252
As =
As
222,916
=
= 2,041 x 10-3
b.d
364 x 300
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
q.( L2 2.L.a )
0,3014.(102 2 x 10 x 2,9)
=
= 0,891583 t = 8915,83 N
2(L a )
2.(10 2,9)
Vn =
8915,83
Vu
=
= 14859,71 kg
0,6
325
(L - 2 a )
M 1
M 2
Kondisi 2
a. q = berat tiang pancang = ..(0,42).(2,4) = 0,3014 t/m
b. a = 0,209 L = 0,209 x 10 = 2,09 m
c. M1 = M2 = .q.(L - 2a)2 - .q.a2 = .0,3014.(10 2.2,09)2 - x 0,3014
x 2,092 = 0,6179 tm
Perhitungan menggunakan penampang bujur sangkar yang telah dikorelasikan
terhadap penampang lingkaran :
a'
d'
D' D
H'
a'
d'
D = D - 2a
H = 0,88 (D - 2a)
Perhitungan tulangan :
H
26,4 = H - 2 x 5
H
= 36,4 cm
= 364 mm
Mu
6179520
=
= 7724400 Nmm
0,8
326
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
7724400
2
(364 x 300 x 19,125)
= 0,0123
As =
As 107,953
=
= 9,8 x 10-4
b.d
364 x 300
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
q.( L2 2.L.a )
0,3014.(102 2 x 10 x 2,09)
=
= 1,1089 t = 11089 N
2(L a )
2.(10 2,09)
Vn =
Vu 11089
=
= 18482,73 kg
0,6
2. Dimensi 50 cm
Panjang tiang (L) = 10 m
Penulangan tiang pancang dihitung berdasarkan kebutuhan saat pengangkatan
pada satu titik tumpu (pendirian tiang pancang) karena menghasilkan momen
yang lebih besar dari pada pengangkatan pada dua titik tumpu (lihat Bab II).
327
Kondisi 1
a. q = berat tiang pancang = ..(0,52).(2,4) = 0,471 t/m
b. a = 0,29 L = 0,29 x 10 = 2,9 m
c. M1 = M 2 = .q.a2 = x 0,471 x 2,92 = 1,980 tm
Perhitungan menggunakan penampang bujur sangkar yang telah dikorelasikan
terhadap penampang lingkaran.
D = D - 2a
H = 0,88 (D - 2a)
Perhitungan tulangan :
H
35,2 = H - 2 x 5
H
= 45,2 cm
= 452 mm
Mu
19805550
=
= 24756937,5 Nmm
0,8
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
24756937,5
(452 x 3862 x 19,125)
= 0,019221
F.b.d.R 1
0,01940 x 452 x 386 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 269,857 mm2
As
269,857
=
= 1.5 x 10-3
b.d
452 x 386
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
328
q.( L2 2.L.a )
0,471.(10 2 2 x 10 x 2,9)
=
= 1,39309 t = 13931 N
2(L a )
2.(10 2,9)
Vn =
Vu 13931
=
= 23218,31 kg
0,6
Kondisi 2
a. q = berat tiang pancang = ..(0,52).(2,4) = 0,471 t/m
b. a = 0,209 L = 0,209 x 10 = 2,09 m
c. M1 = M2 = .q.(L - 2a)2 - .q.a2 = .0,471.(10 2.2,09)2 - x 0,471
x 2,092 = 0,96555 tm
Perhitungan menggunakan penampang bujur sangkar yang telah dikorelasikan
terhadap penampang lingkaran :
D = D - 2a
H = 0,88 (D - 2a)
Perhitungan tulangan :
H
35,2 = H - 2 x 5
H
= 45,2 cm
= 452 mm
Mu
9655500
=
= 12069375 Nmm
0,8
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
12069375
(452 x 3862 x 19,125)
= 0,00937
329
F.b.d.R 1
0,00941x 452 x 386 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 130,898 mm2
As 130,898
=
= 7,5 x 10-4
b.d
452 x 386
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
=
min
q.( L2 2.L.a )
0,471.(10 2 2 x 10 x 2,09)
=
= 1,7327 t = 17327 N
2(L a )
2.(10 2,09)
Vn =
Vu 13931
=
= 28879,27 kg
0,6
3. Dimensi 15 cm
Panjang tiang (L) = 3 m
Penulangan tiang pancang dihitung berdasarkan kebutuhan saat pengangkatan
pada satu titik tumpu (pendirian tiang pancang) karena menghasilkan momen
yang lebih besar dari pada pengangkatan pada dua titik tumpu (lihat Bab II).
Kondisi 1
a. q = berat tiang pancang = ..(0,152).(2,4) = 0,042 t/m
b. a = 0,29 L = 0,29 x 3 = 0,87 m
c. M1 = M 2 = .q.a2 = x 0,042 x 0,872 = 0,016 tm
Perhitungan menggunakan penampang bujur sangkar yang telah dikorelasikan
terhadap penampang lingkaran :
D = D - 2a
H = 0,88 (D - 2a)
330
Perhitungan tulangan :
H
4,4
=H-2x5
= 14,4 cm
= 144 mm
0,8
Mn
K =
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm2
(b.d 2 .R 1 )
Mn =
200531,194
(144 x 812 x 19,125)
= 0,01109
q.( L2 2.L.a )
0,042.(3 2 2 x 3 x 0,87)
=
= 0,038 t = 376,137 N
2(L a )
2.(3 0,87)
Vn =
Vu
376,137
=
= 626,894 kg
0,6
331
Kondisi 2
a.
b.
c.
H = 0,88 (D - 2a)
Perhitungan tulangan :
H
4,4
=H-2x5
= 14,4 cm
= 144 mm
0,8
Mn
K =
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
Mn =
97761,93
2
(144 x 81 x 19,125)
= 0,00541
332
q.( L2 2.L.a )
0.042.(32 2 x 3 x 0,627 )
=
= 0,046784t = 467,84 N
2(L a )
2.(3 0,627)
Vn =
Vu
467,84
=
= 779,74 kg
0,6
gaya
gravitasi
dengan
memanfaatkan
beda
elevasi
muka
air.
Pengisian/pengosongan dapat dilakukan melalui lubang yang dapat diletakkan pada pintu
atau dinding gerbang tergantung dengan luasan kamar yang dilayani.
1. Ruang Pintu
a. Dimensi
W gerbang = w + 2a = 7,9 m
L pintu gerbang A
= 4,6 m
= 4,6 m
= 4,7 m
b. Perhitungan :
Luas ruang pintu gerbang A (F 1) = (2g + 2t + m + L Sin 45 0) x W gerbang
= (2.0,32 + 2.1 + 2,5 + 4,6 Sin 45 0) x 7,9
= 66,302 m 2
Luas ruang pintu gerbang B (F 2) = (2g + 2t + m + LB
luar
Sin 450 + 1 + LB
dalam
Sin 45 0) x W gerbang
= (2.0,53 + 2.1 + 2,5 + 4,6 Sin 450 + 1 + 4,7 Sin
450 ) x 7,9
= 103,77 m 2
Luas ruang pintu gerbang C (F 3) = (2g + 2t + m + L - L Sin 450) x W gerbang
= (2.0,59 + 2.1 + 2,5 + 4,7 - 4,7 Sin450) x 7,9
333
= 71,1266 m 2
2. Luas Kamar
D kamar = 27,8 m
Luas kamar (F4) = ..D2 = 606,679 m2
3. Perhitungan Pipa Pengosongan/Pengisian Kamar
Direncanakan waktu pengisian/pengosongan kamar 30 menit (T = 1800 detik) untuk
semua saluran, kemudian perhitungan selanjutnya adalah untuk menentukan diameter
pipa saluran pengisian/pengosongan kamar untuk pelayanan kapal.
Beda tinggi muka air gerbang dengan kamar (H) = (+36,00) - (+26,75)
= 9,25 m
a. Perhitungan
Luas lubang pengisian/pengosongan (Fk) = F 1 + F2 + F 3 +F4
= 66,302 + 103,77 +71,1266 + 606,679
= 847,883 m 2
Direncanakan akan dipindahkan dalam waktu T = 1800 detik, sehingga :
1). Apabila Menggunakan Pipa dalam Dinding Gerbang
T=
2.Fk. h
.a. 2g
1800 =
2 x 847,883 9,25
a = 1,043 m 2
0,62 x a x 2 x 9,81
= 4 (..D2)
= 0,174 m
2.Fk. h
.a. 2g
1800 =
2 x 847,883 9, 25
a = 2,021 m 2
0,32 x a x 2 x 9,81
334
PIPA PENGISIAN/
PENGOSONGAN KAMAR 75
GERBANG
A
KAMAR
7,9 m
a)
PIPA PENGISIAN/
PENGOSONGAN KAMAR 75
PIPA PENGISIAN/
PENGOSONGAN KAMAR 75
7,9 m
GERBANG
B
KAMAR
KAMAR
GERBANG
C
7,9 m
c)
b)
9,25
0,75
1
7,9
a 2 .b 2
a 2 b 2 .t 2
335
130 2 x1752
1302 1752 .t 2
t 2 = 1,284 t = 1,133 cm
Diambil tebal plat pintu 12 mm
b. Pada Gerbang B
1
6,25
0,75
1
7,9
130 2 x1752
1400 = x 0,8 x 0,2625 x
1302 1752 .t 2
t 2 = 0,8172 t = 0,904 cm
Diambil tebal plat pintu 10 mm
c. Pada gerbang C
1
4,25
0,75
1
7,9
336
130 2 x1752
1400 = x 0,8 x 0,1625 x
1302 1752 .t 2
t 2 = 0,505 t = 0,711 cm
Diambil tebal plat pintu 8 mm
PERHITUNGAN REMBESAN
Rembesan yang diperhitungkan adalah rembesan air di bawah tanah yang dapat
mengakibatkan penggerusan terhadap lantai, sedangkan untuk rembesan samping tidak
diperhitungkan karena bangunan menggunakan dinding beton. Perhitungan rembesan ini
adalah untuk memeriksa apakah panjang (LH) konstruksi lantai mencukupi atau tidak dari
pengaruh penggerusan dengan berdasarkan teori Lane seperti berikut :
1
C=
1
C=
.LH L V
>
H
x 14,88 0
= 2,48 < = 8,5 (tidak aman)
2
.L H + LV > C.H
x 14,88 + LV > 8,5 x 2
L V > 12,04 m
Berarti panjang sheet pile/turap yang dibutuhkan minimal sepanjang 12,04 m.
2. Memperpanjang lintasan horisontal dengan menambah panjang pelat lantai
L H total = 14,88 + 37 = 51,88 m
L V = 2,5 m (akibat adanya dinding beda elevasi)
1
C=
x 51,88 0
= 8,6 > = 8,5 (Aman)
2
337
DEWATERING
Dewatering disini digunakan untuk menurunkan muka air tanah di sekitar lokasi
pekerjaan. Penurunan ini dilakukan untuk memudahkan proses pelaksanaan konstruksi dan
juga untuk keamanan. Dalam perencanaan dewatering dilakukan dengan pompa air
bertenaga diesel yang disesuaikan dengan muka air tanah yang harus dikurangi. Akan
tetapi muka air tanah tidak ditemukan sampai kedalaman 20 m dari permukaan tanah
sehingga tidak diperlukan dewatering.
PERHITUNGAN BOLDER
Bolder yang digunakan pada perencanaan Saluran Pintu Air ini menggunakan bahan
dari beton bertulang dengan bentuk silinder dan casing baja dengan ketebalan 3 mm.
Besarnya gaya tarik kapal yang bekerja pada bolder direncanakan sebesar 7 ton.
Perhitungan tulangan sebagai balok persegi :
1. Tulangan Lentur
Mu = F.0,3 = 7 x 0,3 = 2,1 tm = 2,1 x 103 kgm = 2,1 x 107 Nmm
Tulangan utama = 16 mm
Tulangan sengkang = 8 mm
f y = 240 Mpa = 240 N/mm 2 = 2400 kg/cm2
h
= 200 mm
= 200 mm
Mu
2,1 x 107
Mn =
=
= 2,625 x 10 7 Nmm
0,8
K =
Mn
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
2,6 x 207
=
( 200 x 1442 x 19,125)
= 0,33
0,85 x 450
1 .450
=
= 0,455
(600 f y )
(600 240)
Kmaks = (1 - .Fmaks).Fmaks = (1 - x 0,455) x 0,455 = 0,352
Fmaks =
338
K < K maks tidak perlu tulangan tekan, akan tetapi tetap direncanakan di daerah tekan
terdapat tulangan praktis 2 buah diameter 16 mm dengan pertimbangan kemudahan
pelaksanaan di lapangan. Maka perlu diperiksa apakah tulangan ini perlu
diperhitungkan ataukah tidak.
As = 2 x (.. 2) = 2 x ( x 3,14 x 162) = 401,92 mm2
As 2 = As = 401,92 mm2
M2 = As.fy.(d - d) = 401,92 x 240 x (144 - 40) = 10031923,2 Nmm
M1 = Mn - M2 = 2,625 x 107 - 10031923,2 = 16218076,8 Nmm
M1 > 0 maka Asdiperhitungkan
M1
R1 = 1 x fc = 0,85 x 22,5 = 19,125 N/mm 2
2
(b.d .R 1 )
16218076,8
=
= 0,204
(200 x 1442 x 19,125)
K =
F.b.d.R 1
0,23 x 200 x 144 x 19,125
=
fy
240
= 527,85 mm2
As = As 1 + As2 = 527,85 + 401,92 = 929,77 mm2
=
min
As
929,77
=
= 0,032
b.d
200 x 144
1,4
1, 4
=
=
= 5,833 x 10-3
fy
240
450
.( R 1 / f y )
(600 f y )
= 0,85 x
450
x (19,125 / 240) = 0,03629
(600 240)
339
Asb
1296,6
=
= 0,067
b.d
200 x 144
b + terpasang
0,067 + 0,035 0,032
0,102 0,032 OK
Periksa : d/d d/d maks
40/144 0,7.Fmaks
0,28 0,7 x 0,455
0,28 0,319
2. Tulangan Sengkang
Vu = F = 7 ton = 7000 kg
Direncanakan menggunakan :
Tulangan sengkang = 8 mm
fy = 140 Mpa = 140 N/mm2 = 1400 kg/cm2
fc = 22,5 Mpa = 22,5 N/mm 2 = 225 kg/cm2
h
= 200 mm
= 200 mm
Vn =
Vu
7000
=
= 11666,67 kg
0,6
340
Av.d.f y
Vn Vc
8 .V
8 x 7000
=
= 20 kg/cm2
7.b.h
7 x 20 x 20
Syarat : b
20 1,35 bk = 1,35 x 225
20 20,25 kg/cm2 (Aman)
Untuk keperluan praktis di lapangan, tulangan sengkang ini berupa tulangan melingkar
atau spiral.