Elements of a velocity transducer:The main elements of a velocity transducer are coil and

a permanent magnet.
In such type of transducers velocity is measured based
upon electromagnetic induction principle. These two
elements can be arranged in two different configurations
(i.e., electrodynamic and electromagnetic) to measure the
velocity.

In electrodynamics velocity transducer, moving coil scheme

is employed.
In this configuration the coil and the magnet are arranged in
housing such that the
magnet is attached to the base of the housing and the coil is
attached to the other side (top) of the housing with the help
of a spring so that the coil is suspended in the magnetic field
as shown in the figure below. The body whose velocity is too
measured is connected to the base of the housing.
Due to the displacement of the body, the housing also gets
displaced which in turn caused a displacement of the coil in
the magnetic field.

This movement of the coil causes a change in the flux

linkages between the Magnet and the coil, and thus
according to the electromagnetic induction principle an
electrical voltage gets induced in the coil. This
induced voltage is proportional to the relative velocity of the
spring and is given by the equation.

e = BLVr X 10-8
Where,
e-Inducedvoltage
B-Flux density
L-Length of coil
Vr=dx/dt=relative velocity of coil with respect to magnet
(cm/s)