Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A. Functions-
1. to immobilize
2. to prevent or correct deformity
3. to support, maintain and protect realigned
bone
4. to promote healing and early weight-bearing
C. Casting Materials:
1. Plaster of Paris others made of:
As synthetic materials:
a. Fiberglass
b. Polyester / cotton knit
c. Thermoplast
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D. CAST CAN BE APPLIED IN THE EXTREMITIES,
TO THE TRUNK AND TO EXTREMITY AND TRUNK ,
IT CAN ALSO BE APPLIED IN WHOLE BODY, OR
APPLIED AS A SPLINT OR MOLD.
E. Complications of Cast
1. neurovascular compromise- it
compromises the circulation and function
of the tissues within that space.
2. incorrect fracture alignment
3. cast syndrome:
a. superior mesenteric artery syndrome
occurs with the body casts
b. traction on superior mesenteric
artery causes decrease in supply to
bowel
c. signs and symptoms: abdominal pain
nausea, and vomiting
d. COMPARTMENT SYNDROME ( IS A
CONDITION WHICH INCREASED
PRESSURE WITHIN A LIMITED
SPACE, COMPROMISES THE
CIRCULATION AND FUNCTION OF
THE TISSUES WITHIN THE
SPACE.
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F. Principles in Applying Plaster cast
I. Provide for maximal comfort and alleviation
of complications.
II. Maintain desired position throughout the
cast application.
Use caution in handling of the cast until
has set or become hardened. Support it
with palm.
III. Prepare the patient for the cast
application by providing appropriate
education.
IV. Provide the patient with privacy, before
and during the cast application.
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h. Apply cast in circular motion until the
whole area is covered and molding it,
during the process of application.
i. Handle the cast with care.
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INSTRUMENTS FOR CAST REMOVAL:
1.CAST CUTTER ( MANUAL,
ELECTRIC)
2.CAST SPREADER
3.TRIMMING KNIFE
4.BANDAGE SCISSORS
5.PLASTER SHEARS
CASTS INDICATIONS
1. Collar cast Cervical spine affection
2. Philadelphia
Cervical spine affection / injury
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11. Single Hip Spica
Hip and femur affection w/
infection, swelling and open
wound
12. Frog cast
Congenital hip dislocation
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25. Boot Cast
Post polio w/ residual
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35. Night splint
For post polio w/ residual
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Traction
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WIRE, STEINMAN’S PIN, VINKI’S SKULL RETRACTOR,
AND CRUTCHFIELD TONGS.
Purpose of Traction
1.IS OFTEN USED IN THE TREATMENT OR
FRACTURED EXTREMITIES.
A. to lessen muscle spasm
B. to reduce #
C. to provide immobilization
D. to maintain alignment / support
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ATTEMPT TO STRECH MUSCLES AND OBTAIN
MORE WORKING SPACE WITH THE JOINTS.
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THE ROUTINES OF THE HOSPITALS STAFF
& PHYSICIANS.
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TRACTION
Kinds of Traction Indication Classification
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1. Head halter Cervical spine Skin traction /non –
affection adhesive type
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Ninety-ninety Fx of the femur Skeletal traction
degrees(steinman
pin)
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ORTHO-BRACES
= a mechanical support for neck, muscle, bones and joints.
Braces Indications
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For Pott’s disease( sterno
12. SOMI Brace occipito mandibular
Immobilizer / For cervico
upper dorsal spine affection
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