Procedure Norms Result Interpretation and

Analysis
BLOOD
CHEMISTRY

Creatinine Male: 0.54- 1.40 1.0 mg/dl interpretation:

Female: 0.54- normal.
1.25 mg/dl
Analysis:
As the kidneys
become impaired for
any reason, the
creatinine level in
the blood will rise
due to poor
clearance by the
kidneys. Abnormally
high levels of
creatinine thus warn
of possible
malfunction or
failure of the
kidneys.

Potassium Plasma: 3.5- 4.6 4.0 mmol/L nterpretation:

mmol/L normal.
Serum: 3.6- 5.4
mmol/L Analysis:
Controlled very
carefully by the
kidneys, potassium
is an electrolyte
found primarily
inside cells. Its role
is to maintain water
balance inside
the cells and to help
in the transmission
of nerve impulses. It
is very important for
the proper
functioning of the
nerves and
muscles, particularly
the heart. Any value
outside the
expected range,
high or low, requires
immediate medical
 evaluation.
A low potassium
level can cause
muscle weakness
and heart problems.
A high potassium
level can be found
in kidney disease or
in over ingestion of
potassium
supplements

Sodium 134- 148 mmol/L 139 mmol/L interpretation:

normal.

Analysis:
An electrolyte
regulated by the
kidneys and adrenal
glands. This
element plays an
important role in the
water/salt balance in
your body. There
are numerous
causes of high and
low sodium levels,
but the most
common causes of
low sodium are
diuretic usage, and
excessive water
intake in patients
with heart or liver
disease. A high
level can be caused
by an excessive
intake of salt or
even an insufficient
intake of water.
HEMATOLOGY
interpretation:
Hematocrit Male: 42- 54 vol. normal.
percent 40
Female: 36- 46 Analysis:
The hematocrit or
vol. percent
packed cell volume
is a fast way to
determine the
percentage of
 RBC’s in the
plasma. If the
hematocrit
increased it may
result to:
Polycythemia,
Dehydration and
Burns while if
decreased it may
result to: Blood loss,
Over hydration,
Dietary deficiency
and Anemia.

Hemoglobin Male: 11.5- 16 13.4 interpretation:

Female: 14 gms normal.
percent
Analysis:
Hemoglobin also
plays an important
role in maintaining
the shape of the red
blood cells.
Abnormal
hemoglobin
structure can,
therefore, disrupt
the shape of red
blood cells and
impede its function
and its flow through
blood vessels.

White blood cells 5,000- 10, 000 8,800 interpretation:

cumm normal.

Analysis:
A low white blood
cell count is called
leukopenia and it
cause viral infection
while high white
blood cell count is
termed leukocytosis
and it cause
bacterial infection.
DIFFERENTIAL
interpretation:
Segmenters 60- 70 % 86 above the normal

Analysis:
Elevation of
segmenters may
indicates presence
of infection; means
that many band
(immature)cells are
present as the body
fights infection.

interpretation:
Lymphocytes 23- 35% 10 below the normal

Analysis:
A low lymphocyte
count indicates that
the body's
resistance to fight
infection has been
substantially lost
and one may
become more
susceptible to
certain types of
infection, namely
cancer and tumor.
As lymphocyte cells
make up fifteen to
forty percent of the
total white blood
cells that circulate in
the bloodstream, a
low count can cause
damage to organs.

interpretation:
Monocytes 0-6 % normal.
0.0 %
Analysis:
Monocytes are a
type of leukocyte or
white blood cell
which play a role in
 immune system
function. Depending
on a patient's level
of health,
monocytes make up
between one and
three percent of the
total white blood
cells in the body.
They can be
counted as part of a
blood test, and
changes in their
levels can indicate
changes in a
patient's health. As
a general rule, a low
monocyte count is a
good sign, and a
high count indicates
that a problem is
present.

interpretation:
Eosinophils 1-4% 04 % normal.
Analysis:
An absolute
eosinophil count is a
blood test that
measures the
number of white
blood cells called
eosinophils. A high
eosinophil count
may be due to:
Asthma,
Autoimmune
diseases, Eczema,
Hay fever,
Leukemia while A
lower-than-normal
eosinophil count
may be due to:
Alcohol intoxication,
Over production of
certain steroids in
the body (such as
cortisol)
 interpretation:
Platelet count 150,000- 450,000/ 211,000/ mm3 normal
mm3
Analysis:
Platelets are cells in
the Blood which are
necessary to help
Blood clot. A normal
platelet count is
between 150 to 440
thousand per cubic
millimeter. Low
platelet counts are
called
thrombocytopenia
which can be
caused by some
drugs.
 Discharge Planning

METHODS
Medication
• Describe the importance of regularly taking of prescribed medications
including the potential unpleasant effects of non compliance
• Instruct the client to continue with follow up medical care
• Advise the client not to miss the intake of medications given by her
physician upon discharge.
Environment and exercise
• Maintain a quiet, pleasant, environment to promote relaxation.-Provide
clean and comfortable environment.
• Encourage client to continue deep breathing exercises, also instruct the
family for the exercise needed. This is to promote circulation of blood,
relaxation also.
Treatment
Continue home medications.
For the follow-up check-up repeat.
Encourage patient to take multivitamins for immunity
Health Teachings
Explain the underlying disorder and treatment plan.
• Lifestyle change (proper food preference)
• general health measures (adequate sleep, proper diet, and maintaining a
clean surrounding).
Instruct patient to limit his activity for 24 to 48 hrs after discharge.
 Provide written and oral instructions about activity, diet recommendations,
medications, and follow-up visits.
Out Patient
Patient will be advised to go back in the hospital in a specific date to have a
follow-up check up after discharge.
Consult doctor for are any problems or complications encountered.
Diet
diet as tolerated as much as possible
Spiritual
Nursing actions to help clients meet their spiritual needs include:
• providing presence
• supporting religious practices
• assisting clients with prayer
• referring client for spiritual counseling