Coiled tubing Coiled wing (C1 isan cleetric welded tube manufacured wih oe longitudinal scam formed by high-fequency induction welding without the aditon of tubing canbe used in well intervention, and more recently, in dling (Colled tubing deilng) operations meal. Coiled Contents +L Manticaring proses 1 L1 Tapered wall thickness string design + 12 Transition points 2 Coiled aing requirements 13 Reternees| #4 Noteworthy papers in OnePett 1S external line 1 sSecaho + 7Caegory Manufacturing process ‘The ist stp inthe typical CT manufacturing proces involves the acquisition of sel stock supplied in 40-to48-in-wide sheets that are wrapped onto “master coi” to nominal eight of approximately 0,000 Iba Asa esl, the lengths of sect tel wil vary depending upon the wall hicknes. For example 40-in-wideshet of tel having wall, thickness of 0.109 in. oles to length of 2,700 will weigh approximately 40,000 Ibm. I then -wode sheet sel hae a wal thickness of 0156 i. 0,000 Ibep-master coi wll haves length of approximately 1,900 ‘When the diameter ofthe CTs selected, the sheet ste! on the maser ols “sli” nt a continous scp ofa specific width to form the circumference of the specified tbe, The Nat kelp (Coiled tbing_ftiguetSklp-end_ wd is thon welded Io another segment of skelp to form a continaos length of sel. The welde reais dese off smooth, cleaned, and ‘hen xray ngpected a eure hat the wel is ee from defers. Once a suScient ent ofthe contououssklp sel is olled opto the skp tkenup rel, the tube miling process can bein. ‘The skelp ie thon nun tnough a seis of rolled that mechanically work heft tcl into the shape of tbe, A pot immediately aca ofthe las et of forming rollers, the edges of the tube walls repositioned very closet each other. These edges are then joined together by an elec welding proces desided a “high-frequency induction” (HFT) ‘welding. The HF coi generates the Ret fr weing bythe resistance fo low of electric cme, Ax te tube tern trough te igh-requecy indction col posioned inches ead ofthe forming oles, the edges ofthe walls are bated to the emperatre needed to rete the sean weld whea pressed together win Ie lst tof Forming oles The weld Mash expose om the outside ofthe tube is removed; nd the welded seams annealed. The tube is allowed to cot in air and then within a igi bath before passing through s nondestructive inspection station to inspect the tube body, The inspection i iypialy performed with an eddy-current device tha rete @ magnetic fed around te tube body sd looks for distortions nthe ld erated by surface defects nthe ube bod, ‘The manufacturing process continues asthe tbe is run wough a sing mil hat sigh reduces the diameter aftr welding and works the tubing tthe requied outside damster (OD) at roundest tolerances. Athi time, dering undergoes full-body heat tetment sing induction coils. The purpose ofthe het treatment eto srest-rliove the ene tbe, Increasing the ductility ofthe ste. The tube is allows to coal, st gradually in air and then within aliquid bath. This process resuls in she developmen of pealiteand ferrite gain szes within th tel microsmucre, Te nal products igh-trengta CT ering with dott and physical properdee appropiate forthe specifi yield range. The tae shen spooled onto a sce! or wooden take-up rel and subjected to a hyosiatc pressure test using water treated wit corrosion inhibitors. Alteative CT manufacturing processes may require tht a sng be constructed by but-weling(/Coled_tubing_ftguedBut-weld.2Fube-to-abe_ wld) sections of tube togeter, ‘The tube-o-ube welding echnigue may be performed using TIG or MIG (Tungsten net gas or Meal inet as) welding practices and each weld should he inspected using radiographic inspection (ray or uleasnic inspection wo evaluat the quality of the weld. Note th the exterior surface ofthe tube to-tube Weld may’ ge may not be dressed oF and ‘hat the eld bead on the inside diameter (ID) surface i ot disturbed i any way. The sing of tubing is then spooled onto the service reel (Service fel for_CT_uait) or shipping reel as required All manufactured spools of CT are given unique identification number that is assigned athe ime of manufacture. Documentation for ech spool of CT should include + The entation number + OD ofthe bing 1 Materia grade 1 Wall thicknesses) Weld positions Tova enh A spool of CT may be manufactured from ane heat rx combination of heats that are selected aeconding oa documented procedure provided by the manufacturer, However, the stat seo fabricate the sting mast havea uniform marl yield songs (Glssury%S Viel suength) thoughout. The manufactur should malsainuaccabilty of he CT product ‘hrouphout the manufacturing and testing process. The requiemons of the purchaser ote ice wacebiity othe heat of ste. ‘Tapered wall thickness string design In general, apered CT strings can be manufactured by changing the wall thickness ofthe tubing within the length of e pool while maintaining a constant OD. The changes in wal thickness along the string lng are intended o increase the pcformance properties ofthe CT in the selected sections. Te cosrtion ofa tapered CT string may be achieved in fone ofthe flowing ways + A coninuowsy milled suing incorporating multiple single-wall-thickness skelpsogeents joined using skelp-nd wel 1 coninously mile suing incosporating single-wall-bichness slp sepments with continuously tered skelp Segments joined using skelp-end welds + Continuously ulled, singlerwall-hicknes CT segment joined to enter finished tube segment of different wall hicknes using the tbe to-obe welding proces CContauousyaptedshelp i milled having a specified wal thickness a the Ieading ond ofthe ste skolp, progressively inereasing ia wall thcknos along the length ofthe sklp to ‘second specified wal thickness at the taling end ofthe skp.‘The construction of pred CT stings enorms tothe previously described manufacturing processes. Although tube segment of effet wall hcknes can be assembled within ‘he string consricton itis eral hall of he sogments have a usiform material yield steagh ((Glossary*<3AYield_sueugi) The change i specified wall hickness between the airing CT segments should no exceed the following specified vals + 0.008 in, where the spoifed wal hicknes ofthe ticker ofthe adjoining segment than 0.110 in 1 0.020. where the pecfed wal hchnes ofthe thicker of the adjoining segment is Between 110 and 6228 in 10.031. where the specified wal thickness ofthe thicker ofthe adjining segment e228 i, ad greater ‘Tapered coiled tubing can increase the operating depth and prestures where CT i applisbl, ‘Transition points String Type “Transition Polat Defined As “Tapered-wal string designs “The points long the sring having a change in the specified wall thickness ‘Single-wallthickness segments |The points where de diferent specified wal thicknesses are mechanially joined ogee (Continuously tapered skp segments) Ths points where the empng of i skelp occurs ‘Te typical design eters for selecting tanition point (desired lng of spoifed. all hcknes segrnets) within the string includes weight and overpull loading, wellbore condition, and combined pressure looding. Note atthe overpll load rating ineretses forthe adjoining tube segment with aninctesed wal thickness. The effect of changes in ‘overload should be applied seross teenie tapered sting co ensure that a given overpll load doesnot exced the limits of any othe ube segment within the sting. Therefore, ‘he maximum length of eath CT wal thickness segment shouldbe evaluated using overall nd combined pressure lading to confirm tha the tes applied tothe CT string blow ‘ny point on the segment doesnot exced the rial stress oad at tt point forthe given safety fst Coiled tubing requirements Coiled whing is curently available in % to 3%-n_ outside diamcter (OD) sizes. The American Peoleum Isitse (API) document RP 5C7 covers materia that are high-strength, lowally steels with specitid minimum yield strengths from 601 100 kp. A fat sip is formed ito around shape, the hea for welding is generated bythe resistance to ow of secre current ante edge is mechanically pressed ogee, The len ofthe fat sip material typically ranges from 1,000 to 3,000 and spool of oiled tubing maybe exces of 25,000, depending mostly on the tubing dame ‘The chemical requirements for APL coiled twhing should conform to thos listed in Table 3 of APL P 3C7! Tha document also inelods tables showing sizes, grades, and ratings for eoled tubing. Table 1 shows tensile ad hamess requiements forced tubing (FUCA Page | ne) References 1.19 APL RPC, Coiled Tubing Operations in Oi and Gas Well Services, fst edition, 2002, Washington, DC: APL Noteworthy papers in OnePetro HLL, Nirder, PM, Snider ets 1995. Coiled Tubing a otal Production Tubing: An Overview of Cse Historie, Journal of Petoeumn Technology Volume 47, Number 5, 29188 PA bip/desoiog/10.2118/29188.PA (hp dor) 10.211829188.PA) Cooper, RE 1988 Coiled Tubiag in Hovizontl Wells Intemational Meeting on Petlcum Eagincetng, 1-4 November, Tania, China, 19581-MS,hpx di or/10:21 18/7581 [MS (utd dt ory 10.2118717581-M5) External links See also Tubing (Tubing) Intemational standards for ting terationl standards for tubing) Coiled tubing ding (Coited_ tubing ding) PELE:Coiled-Tubing_ Wel _d_Drilling Operations (PEH%3ACoile-Tubing_Well_Itervestion_and_Driling_Opeatons) Category(Categories ('Special%43 Categories): 3.2.2 Downhole intervention end remediation 'Calepory%3A3.22_Dowabole_jterventon_and_ remediation | VR (Celegory%SAYR) = 7 ternary naam ayant Seen te apsiy-Cait tubin piwik seg onpindex php?” Lille Specil%5Searchiredin fillet -Searehdns-Lens~Isens500~l edie dile-Specats3.ASearchadvanced &efullext-Advaneed vearchsereh- Coiled tubing) opsiki aap orlinder php? tie Specil%s Scarchiprofle-advanced flloxt-Search&s0- Insts 102-[ es] 04-1 05-1 ns 108-1 as 420-Gns828- [ares L&profle-advancedRscrch-Ce tubing)