ADVANCED MATHEMATICAL METHODS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS (Carl M.Bender Pofera Pcs wea tayNINE BOUNDARY-LAYER THEORY ‘44 INTRODUCTION TO BOUNDARY-LAVER THEORY nha te en hap ne ca petri ahd ing {tens ee pha oat mate! erg pars ‘the noc oth made = al! bone Bey "Renda yr stron pee bee aon of Rea equi her iy By tsien ecko a bua ae mt ‘och basso nthe pcr we wl been wh ern ee Top thos sian nit sy er! fer) earon ves ‘Spltoan uri soso operation pen onde ‘Sh Vamos on we bn anes Sos anh wh) ober arenes dar ter Wel ene cc een Can i Tice ninguna sie pole howe alton exis ound yeracreBounty et they a alin of pertion made sing ‘ise sus wow reson eto nda cs When {cn io difowtal eaten sow vying cn ed say ie me ta grr pehides t oa satt-nsnrl omnes ‘iat a. ees wicucmemae=eo nine), 00 ny roe i en gin ie ie(92 MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURE OF BOUNDARY LAYERS: INNER, OUTER, AND INTERMEDIATE. LIMITS eng deena! he poet and ead apply of nner ‘ipsa Sais wow spree lone nl te me ealy ‘Sau tne hry hat wr elt ect pesos ston "Tota common conrae ponte ve el Compo niger hen ma wines eae wont pan OFFA ty eagle 22) eto yr at 0 win The inte) a age Mesos’? a dot ancy tmton cn heer were fi ed oe ep aig ion Bua ner = OO) whe B= OF) ELS ean ne Tr boanay nye tar ete seo fhe dein gaion se staan oto cpio ay ane Tail otemaber sd {dite rnin oy ws ncn of hs wan peor ianinoatrae= 0 “tapan te appara fhe boundary er ete theston a it ati i oh Te ater ft ian 21) Tey easiness eboney yet nase = bane ‘owe2cb0 Tn or it pay “eater ten th ot le a in theca on eo ol essay nah etm Oe el ee eater etc ain 23h atopy ol enape 0 Kat rat 24) se esata pop ne ee ee Seury ome tees Sia igerarcvtrme Wea Bona "ec sag meme doit wisn ee rma suet ce ae ene ae Shi cree ere ence Sar cutiieiceaey ale Btn, ASEIEG Wf eccoe he mr dna weche 0 wha 2 Of) Ina ‘SENT 2 ce weve ere ini asec bunny ne bce ae ERS ane 5) = = im 08) = 25) Sina es ino he ta eqn oe resins oats tae Gare 20 sehen ee YN) land we ua hing ni, dg er a), paep tit i acta 2) iy 82 ot th be chp ma ey unm abn oc Sin afi ate Onc yh ee ya seems mie fa Spa an eee wah ny Seemed tte sO t= teresbc Pec eerste Rosh wy nek ‘im o 620) a 9 ow eo om ae 8 Pal) = Ho) A: ion Ye) = ee BN) Tis ‘oe ‘Sse mich ty Sc core reeny eer ienyieane nt evn be md bony asin de aca BT ScecaMierisatge fechas Seidler stones etme yeeros cae St gin fn hovers mde myopia esme e inne cua Went ena a Hoang asemammngty teach See ers root (023) oe po and nt aang Ser Fs Sietitnscse Wed se ope yale Ente, 200, ean sot rath ntsc) = a Milt n=a n= yl)=e 29 Neetu l)2shnrenmea liye) ‘atte ys) in (928) Grader ananee sift Hm 2] an cece mene pr ase Renee a= fon uannet 20) Ferwiaion uty Toate ya eer eg. he die ‘See amen 9s) ant tas) © at mon exponcbaly kml (bdo Tisettot orale 0s pete Sp a i Wee run Zou oe pay ot oe heady canton 10) = 1} Das oleae 20 2m) ‘stag 21 ne 926) ps eens of eel gates neneo, 4o)=0, Beta ten Moana Then ty ol by ano eign are Tees Way alt eh eau) wefan ‘Somer mon at sey ey ori powers saya fom Ft sens = PSO malele 7 BP pau ‘ering sation 21). wt hp Xa ale AN) ~ A [eTeftncenpuny stn Settee aihoe tne et Lanyon hw bar ten, way nm kos BED WN = e+ Akh ee rite matng wih omega Xi he nd Soerart ne ote iibecer se Ma aap Nt be los exes (et agen rune $e as ‘ext nasi ld ats epson nat xy ‘Seton mer [X= Oi br abo reat(f= 06 "10x 1 Ate same ie he amon for) Kenai (Oy) ingitlancemblors = Ofjmauet teu ay he ‘wer non fi) or dw ee faye to ‘he ecm 42] We sce hat ale po of {ost mach yg he aera ower panne cae Rreaconmen cpr osahiy crc k=0s ‘ee Sanat morte pes he xf te oan soaeatase ‘cence peo oad ba i st noe Seize coe pone meno ace ee a eenenee sg moun gece sateen {9 4) te maton ng sd oye) aur appoint 07) See Seve aeons Sees tant wemeaeer ee Sani ae aise eee 97 Demmi lovers ar neon ih mah ip peratnon teat ne rs soy mot aa J B28) ‘Thovnthoph te erator eat uc tase eared Pipvongndene omy fn hig wae ‘inet Boudry apr hey 0 eel ga edt 2 ern "Wi towne sony ain peruun 7 The gt sa ftw ety ane tt head cra Shears pr se ee ‘gla petaraton pane eX te samp Sx. 1} Howe. 25 cur ew Example a Sc 73) Anse tn tesa nei este hs burda jr a psn eae =U ‘ee ty bboy ae bap mg tom # te (93 HIGHER-ORDER BOUNDARY-LAYER THEORY tists pv ie 2 oy art Seas aaa Sina Phe eee ress LES At Ie Stee ‘oth eon wpe an cmp lato tuna Le hari eoarge ener een Eanes prverrsran) coSesame 0 $4 DISTINGUISHED LIMITS AND BOUNDARY LAYERS OF THICKNESS += invdsttiar oars ae anna bane Wee SaSS"si atten he cou age Tehsin ae bun- ‘she cn We bday Hy = As=R AI) sas ung ier at 0) > sr4 sh Ine inert peated fy antny Ee e0, 2)“Tea he lost eet (41) form eee es) ‘rio deci 8) Te a thw pobiis 0c Sqye ie)—e snd Bent inte ca bn ny pene tte Ping 2dr Tha) 4 Yow tr ou Sy cine 1) = 4 Ta eit Sv ot mt een Soe ae aes eee eee ieee ee aaa Sheath n pope gen, ene apa Ronnies i i See ede ithe ove aeument we ae eth aon 5 ~ nd veep she putiy ut 8c wae © tess rue ve eo ‘Eel eof ma of tee ss WeTeale oyMalco oc ae TNS UNAeEReaiRe a0 ky eo at-i Y= Cabbie ome Tune aike be sae ra hs ge pay SR Hage alot sen oe tet= ffalv sone fa SSS eee (0) $5 MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES OF LINEAR BOUNDARY Tver PeoaLens ‘Th sc it coleion of camp of er fenisbetn dey sabe pods woh ca esd apes oan perth. We ae ae th robs ene ay th ras ‘rerun of ania at boundary nae TS pe ‘Sohetigterors seni opatons rene ws tse aye oa 9 tt ng anaat one tse oy Rea ae og Soom eensOHH OO nattaeate pasion egttesenje) este st Bette tt rte en ct ng te sade 92 oe a Vast sage oe Tene tems acane bi ow“ osm ihe waren esert-ame sieeve) hitsxetar enn toon Tamar Alar(-V2— + 8 TUni=E +A 0 AR Sanl- ANH 950 seni Atta WANNER oom tpctdatsa an aR toon ro=B imental 199 ene fonenaina aye 4h yor 04e sm - Serotec nama sca iieiaaad|s Teme son ea RAoNTRr ETO sth keenest esse pect deme et eaay oa) raha atomterine olf 74}-00 108ame cnt ei wae ty nn erekyenea Aes itn ean) Ee ee sayet nets eae oon rebar eae BCH Teco bari o toa ee) =e, a) percents Meter at- mae 888) cinerea ihdcork ce wa Reem sen Raneteet abe berate ee 98H ‘hea eagle some tl, a srt he remaale sheoaon os eayapr ree wes od erTESTA ta a ee stent Wath T ROA on 1 po pe at (0) 96 INTERNAL BOUNDARY LAYERS ‘owas end sponta hg) sain hen Sear Sve igo al Hwee acc of a ner Sktchinp wre oe heh Siecle ape sand rest putin tna ee pron bn neal buy pe oF pale HH = s-D)= As) etn hi oo) $0 foe =the he et nal bundy Bye Homer spn we mw tume ata) ema = si) ima 8 nd ta fs) as oo ter noe fr = 151 We abo ame at Be Fs 8 Me Thee oe w en hat deinen ipa ema. neg Eater ot ltos Ja) hsan parson oor Mee cyst Ton Sime dr ne hme oe) TAR) eRe scantsntay pense beater Gan decnedhe onnysoans ar = 2 on er) remade |-f' Ma, <0 0)‘en eet he iho of 0 Sting = 8,38) = nett i come jit te 4010 “Tose made nts of =, epic) 2 nutein 8 Toon sings br wise Ve Tao Pc: Tosohe 9a) wei oy sxc 28 oy tebextwrao ~ 12) 0 hi e coir he pabolecdr equninfeSec 35} suming Secs eds apace eet ‘Sifts Wiz) Cy Opal) Cage NZ) Tas WAC Dy YA} +E Dye XV) 968) “Te inurmatate it es by «=, Xs, Dos eae soi in) mn mp ate cer ssn 3) ‘ulnfinue secmetnelon¥itdom ve fap accent dCs erm by the mace nen Inte reek {terpenes te panhtejinfr keen bo pe Te fire patie tn one nme ws eect ae sn) ‘Tn +t, wan -canvar sia. ss) wen ctexvarr 059) se ne ae dtd epee all tom nay in prgaraton [Symes macy. we cr her uate ¥ ia Ba) ey te tien — lye 04, 981) wan 0 sas. aut) 1h ow aha (982d 10) a 2D Be [te 9 943) an Sa +0 bse hc te note ome ni Spt, Te sim a" B-Ba— eana € LB aaprey |” ar ae es - pansy“he run (942) and 9434 PA and 9A) may be comin septiadettiomenapaaepnins niin na sol wa) 940) nt ker tc 1BB-Z)e-f nt cyeuar cote enn omen Need TS iy oan so apron his pben toate te ‘She umfs anna! web ate Pr 339) Md) = eC Oana -BAV 4 C3D- pV 8) nec cong an et wn) 0 2 i raft SUSHI Se SS a aa oe LpT Ye hn moc tan denen hate Xs, nko a wo cxmcnny ws Xo Sigs nA. ewe heme oe ber Tha repel Dot et ucla puss, = Si ei ena serif eaten wo Neher coae Step ame raihibat 8} 20 Apparent hee BO ES "hea sles is tam hat ech pce coms Inet te 6 We cone uch tao a = heat toctanday igen re twee r={The asap bundarine slices at 1 ae ey te wee Aer sin age Be sis) 7) and (9615) nei hig ne ei mp 1 ere SEUSS SS Ss esis tn lo “Tea we action ae tw arent et ce nam aobageriah ascowmaeed cone mbna See Sie cng tp mas a tr Costa > le= 12. The peda eas othe hs gine Gc 0) tose ey Rel tt Dleye tees nine 2 whe elz} se Hose po Noma degen and D2) = ("IPD Terre Oa Dye) ett tnt dod nd te grr ame et ‘hace Ssh anycanod sin eae nena ah oyy Geert SEIT Sper mic ma na ele cao aaa Tan caeoaeemaa dashes en warren [fo Si Se al : Kenai cay as ede eres St ae 98 ih =A,“ cnt with The Sai tide stint Wn rane ‘heme adopad Sisncteniwoapny 1 toad 8) Ooul/BN Kail =EAB 0828 Flom 871 heehee cit) Xn WOR) KY FRAT Ee KARP, te, 28)Since <0 achig oly madd Ky = 20 WKW=RE™ Viste AG) ‘The haart ston 0 hat mathe 66) sm ll Riel" |B 2 hit ner et io fy 1-0 mae Bae eT Ja. >a wan rte e/a BH =B]a, <0. 96m) Soin A gn ri it So act (aay = te 6) Pesan pana emai +t oa tomt eae Riya ss) “es hominy er sos 429) and DA) geet wih te one a ocayc he Set a hs ut ‘hein ce Had V Ce nV hve ero ieee ef, wt, <2 alae O meen nolngr ue Ky =O. “Tei ie its cas teat Scie ‘sah ethos byrne bone sa {iirc shear exes ny Be en te tera ‘day ew oa decay ements aw 9 tnigs sla on be eat oe "931 and 932) Hoge order SSELe7Lher wae dunt ln sone he tent head bee (ten i pve damn = wngur yep fo age esta eee ine pts ng aro WRB ry sme 197 NONLINEAR BOUNDARY.LAYER PROBLEMS dae aa aa wel ano te il {he Tuono ion terete pl Te ec ‘Sp mc, We nouns namie show tt cg SES fe har bunaper poem an iy eal walt Nikon pets spot “ Fincnaembies +Iara usc br semen Example at vigor Howson okt ‘Sle Sister bony ye pom neath ‘Sv eon 99) Iheeew camp ey eu rch ‘ty atin a ps y Nunn hy he ‘thos a bn the seo Hone eee pahdent 88 TSTEFP om gc seo atecenerito carota, Wace saa an ceaeynonone eeeoF Wha oe runneth om 3) on ITH sto e soma «ESE san) lel “ieee r¥ eos TeeNam ascotfeEaten ekeeptemmgsiie ae Bhe9 ae n Eeagieniarartat Tra ferljDegiges ofc en stile sotaaannnarnemt(ijemane crenata sae Lg ite Bemiess veemaraoe, eam “ale 94 Campin tren hae pl Te) he ee iat See poe ay wT Hu Dts Setups pew ty eat ie PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 9 he cwreancneeretaminnmem naan ‘Recomm te est pin = (6 Dr = eeSenet tt rts Lee mma cet tc rac hw one ee SUE Setanta fa ya memein Sienna fan a Seceerieentcoyes renee ie HT ech wr mime omnes Samecoaes oe at Sh mh Reape DE 1 fia GBA no erate Wa tia Benet1 ei a cee Re ones LRG a ep gto Se a sen sn Dee ae NE oe aT tenon mien sacra seve ia cee ei = nego foe statis atmo eee ee ony eyes ie wy et ch rte ayo atatin SEE ee es rar car enone array te cvomiea= it errata rere© TEN WKB THEORY 101 THE EXPONENTIAL APPROXIMATION FOR DISSIPATIVE AND DISPEASIVE PHENOMENA ‘lpi: ye he WB agen ee ty nen one otc ‘agecnih osoeny mega genase ao {heal foto ih or Ay ln treo aa nchon WRB Seen aso hi pr ‘ut nar ston came cnet ey ye bee ‘he thei o he Bounary aber tend to 8. We th ha the saan ‘Falind af eh ele dungeon be aly aniog epee Witte Stjepan) ay tom eps hel Hahei arin pao tenes tone poste ‘Spat py om eo) may rey voy Cpe mon ie eel eso ih cme ve slain whi sa tl rion For eomp the foundaake ote wey sO)=0 4 01) sth a io Deter 012) ") ics ces ey sy fr aa (ne Fi 13) and dius TREVISETT aden yal Beas ers roo ta nese gr Adelie Tete ane a ‘25a clmgy neg anon) vengamdsarhncion = ‘oman! tebe ne spor nou ae Sen henna Yo me wy, trios ame untae me Sgro a) art or sntaen pe} wh otal» ‘SaEE petite ee nal won 1012) The au slo Fe‘ Uoatscueneofmenal onary nen wth te altce [eens on ange pio tune ta ete ‘lout endo fap. on a ha te see of» sack te thes can he potl eatsow these (1h $2SE°3EE lec tl ayes mayne lon Say sao bole 7B at woe pa fr wh “Te Examen Appronrtion ‘cgi ad Sgeine penn ae tthe by pone ‘Shatasce etapa calamari inthe ‘De Trans eto c noe WAI, 504 os ‘he ha ane ons an sw angi abo gon ‘Whe sak eens ndash wma ee‘eaten pl usin rca wae havg weep of ode {Wie ent thee of wh carci fon ‘aan dayne ty py te soy aig ae isi Se he cgeen spain (1013) comendoay tno a 2 WKB tytn, eel ter Net Kame nd eo we pape Iie Hwee et nn aba be pent mye ea avagh so ees suse treaty cee arma WER Expsian Te exponeil pros i 013) ot i a ub ‘ing wma opens bce the pe al a ance ‘injure opndtpy ce rs ta epee epensene ot seen gy nd in Scrn tne 5 rsia), 30 or ‘scone sth tng fra om wih ll WKB aprotinin ae so sf a ms so-ne-"wterif corte fae a min Are sas aporomatn of) ay be ete am ihe vee sc Wk ct The mato! wm a opel a ‘pa sin S (|, - 3a. 0.1.14) so ie ah on sen af GOH IR OER RR? — set aye OH! 100° SCF BOE SOF naam) a a a a i ae ane i = ast emai er)SOLA Scmreaeah testcase etre ape 1 7 | mange naoe LaBeleevor lr mm [feuinsond-0 ae man {ouron. eescen econ TS Cater woncomem| Aal eon cam nal “ cia el avn ae ean de a eI UE e Spee ecru“Tbe 101A coma ote ae dem ‘ibs tte Sew ten) “Teal 20 boy ae he ei in he (Soe tigan B3e oe ® ‘epee metre eg Somes Sass frac in chap Sherpa prema meat al Baghecte aiionnvarcearmaenedite SSSI pene ae eet Spenaisca seein fasateen ber Rac Exiihaeafas seaman 142 CONDITIONS FOR VALIDITY OF THE WAB, [APPRORIMATION {Wd ey ag pain yt en eleanor Seay eine oe SEL prereset cee oe Sa) Anarene ste Ese]. a0 snes ssn nts $e) #0, the aprinson ceo nt when 3. Te snc tes i syonmtio sk suc ner ye WKB Banioa} Tass ty seestbe ye wtton = hte = Neer fel, te WKB ce dvpe, we Hao om he se ‘Supine ten pea enc acre tprnimnion "ton dlp sc pedcag whe be WRB apeniaton bw Tos cra quae hy spec ows a ES oh ent (021) coon jie pried aie Te net he Wapiti (12) va oa mea i sexta tt si Fae bean meses nS 3 Joly’ ore Ts guest mye aes sinedsia, 6-0 ssimvasih 8,22) Peek 9-8,eh ery Tso ae gathered ‘Wtf ShBsa) fi )bebomtd ees onthe ‘Sera alongs heb my ater mcs) the Ee hn wena Wes ie he san et ne veo ‘pronation Ww ny oth vnlcmly al este eer tape he owes, bce the ete in te en iH sympa aon (DS) eae oem a iS esse wb 3 wd promise fh Fer be WK art ‘i wen ae wetarmmteny i erm Poaldeh b0 (2023) tis aol. (5, fe) = 1 +O 0-0) Tab ‘te eo ttc 9) she WM appectmanca a HOARE FS os.ig saa ‘bh on (1022) a (1023) mt bel or WKB Be we Gemeticl atPhysal Opts 1 we ent eae the WKB ee we emai ego See eS et a ‘hase cnue ey) domme cise mos orn t Sey ak ent tome WRD orn nt malcom Wh UOT on et ep and enton (023) aac “adios athe WR ser conse pron fhe Ieptnemeest term seen Raters nares ole eseenes c aeen ene Ira nermt thes ose 0 sl ht (8) = 008 fron nwecestomena te) sent vanstih a seein fi en ne en 085 eaten eet seam no seep mceacs Ses velar oss Sento acetate f eeFoceearmeet—Aidesrtod nem (sh tose vEeearmenen tert tose gaa) tos Vibe sr Jan tenis Be Psa pri nr nit wipeeater matey yates eye Danreaarisnye tara Sate ae m9 0 pin fr seal" tammen, ret, 0210) wt si ttwe. aan {Cong hi wah ht (429) Se Pr 1008) oncatenlef 24) aar ole} nn er) “Tring ois puton 10210) and (1021) sw at ein (02) he ay Se WA vn ceo era san a sans ot ba ak Speteayesyopenc io Sashes.) [ee sPa a GEN) SEktdata at ase af see teem apa Fosse ani ee ng ‘eetanon “umes pan cone fom te Sng ata wc decibstgnten meal oie Pout e)ei-a aterm ati ete ee ented eeaamtmtoie Tiitencpencteente Cesme tora aaa ne ee a eon ageatag(2f oa) is ite ss pom On the ce an eter ea ie ‘oom mua mai gp) zane be hes tof eile rein We method wesyemucng 103 PATCHED ASYMPTOTIC APPROXIMATIONS: WKB SOLUTION OF INHOMOGENEOUS LINEAR EQUATIONS Fam he dn Se 101 oe ih cone hat WB hry i ‘ee hmopms leu wal ne hte» eet ‘Sheen shore x nu nt be pute io deo epee‘aay isos hsp etn cine ae ca oe Uso ence sats ts 6 WR appcunon et he ef vcatn prsoin eS 5}te gate eho the iSithepene ee ee rome nto ho mn Inert ets sec we roan tle aed penal td or hang ‘eitomupncs Serco ean em fa Ge ton wh they secs eon Sno sw om “Sew ieepncl noreyro Seheger geton frm 2 -Oys) AU) =8 oo) Sho sire cee gee ‘Sno. tras uate honopenans flr cunn ha a Le he tee ie nomena utara th We ‘Sopateanuoe ithe inborn A) oh an {lakipsach tates “0a rc ‘hentai ete sina ae bie 1031) HO 0s, 0033 of o 1083) ihe hoe of Syn Roan bea ‘Sines a ug pon [08a eee Toa Stree sven o est) aabmgyiza) seks ce A ther (5) ek own tpt of Soto Fe) and wing pts fle) rsh ay he slaton 0 (O31) 9 Sec Renta TW ia rma fe Peenntccnitren SEI Sit nore an ocho ‘ur spose ming te re ncn ein Ch an-eoetee Kea lemei=8 40D) oc ga fn em i191 d=) ic emenee (nro He al he a saton 11033 Be (4) woul aie ns ‘sii 5] tee un bok he niente a he ‘eta andtem acing we rps tot WAS pt ‘ouiaatne to ee) pio eee Ges ncn The fin ‘Raton ues pment ohare 0e “Te WB olen of 103) at gue he pag ove WRB ine ihe int eve ons Pahig at pone ee Schepens rn Penner teh proomadon an arabs soi Comicon of th Gees Faction Gs 2) “ea 3) aie ea ncn eens > Xa {sho WK econ sprimeton my a egen Tos PALM hncnkhipysimsinto Ges) oheh ners etc Gey-ctoirtan |-1f yori] xx, na Gas.<}~ Cdae™ | Via), ee 10 rere! gueaeere nts eae “he sad condoned by inzeruing the dite! equation jae areata ‘stisumpes Gls =) sta leap) Teco sep ht G=6hieer rly cen wh som td prints ere Tau adit Levee Vane} wonSe opt re arr te a cen ely PT eT EE gay Ine i Gres Penton ‘Therm apeatin n ((37) te Gr’ acon may Tihe"mepik ae “Ota noe Foe cumbsaie Ta SIE Seer ya cri etg B lof ie The cnn fa gon gen by se fA] fee) ator “7 {eect en ge Ic Ta ct he hg rt 40K). <0 [omeuegts son 05 am ‘so aro te th = (032) pa a Rascal me aaa sia neritic eSor (recdersee are soe ante pe ole aa ont ast enn fs ie eavrwertunelt Mla gma onmTe ghak peeelieneneneal tte () ibd MATCHED AsyoIPTONIC APPROXIMATIONS: SOLUTION, OF THe ONE-TORNINGPOINT PROBLEM We ser inc 102 tte WK pnt pontine he Sin he a ng pa aa hy PS oa oc oun ty coat of joie oer ron WRB ‘Sortie hl thar rape ee ii. inst sep thay come oil stich hat ow ang pt Spay ne web aon PF =e Had (cau ot ea connect ich pac gh at ence. For pipette tonne pt tole a ons O0=0 “Te Simple One Teng Polat Pree ‘Wc ey ang el i oetiing poi oen wich )8 Tan (cores) ef-s) Fortean ve mute at ‘in ponte nyt o>) att Qe spate wan ss poste impr when Fini Wet wm hat Qs) Fas Gorton ve cute rea In abe 1036 1039 oe Beta ce tc Qos a fete OG)" (= 0)waite meeemmerer tet TRESS Sea alate Surah cel cote tation Sr Paybat nea se the epost lei aon ey man (1083) anne mproad of x= 0 tem of ly inns We ow at TEN SSFataa anc item vig the WR ky Receipes we Ran See pany tne vue epi From hs ahng wen Tes ic gare» el sprnimaton oe ioe) ethene seth rma sng peas heh ‘Soma peniman tw) a a eben (Ey tgs tuntay soason yee) =0. Tr we co ce cma = ic tat ney xs with ani of conn ngs heuer npoinson o ein on vane 1083) ‘Te day sin 2) are sii crt ECT St ‘acer tan (OAS) 10 me PELE Ra Soha thew i et ema, bt ii pr arcane ein ty th aprnination 1063) ‘oh a hy pr pan Ba we res S02 STS psy ea Ree gs B20 ie tome eae iain tel ‘eels awn? When roma Qe) are utd Sree (ent A et wey sys ste 3 fee) Than em ES th Wi php sonia ae iad seh OF 108) ‘awe sah oe suntan I Tosa te aps a} cow te tort sun (1042) we mate te bin retain (04s) Sth eqn “he gest fs cqanion ine connie ADAMS EMMI — (4s ste Dan ae constant besten symp matin whys) esypoumtce ye a ne rere oa, ec ia ny a al hat nel 9 td ten ‘Senn 043)tom (0841 Thera santo ope Dando ee Eombling O44) (1047 bare ta fi (043) 08 po (iodshtares amon epee lair nemae® or 0 Ie {Svs eon sls J) eB apse cn fhe ae ‘ical ese ee hey mat ch pmo Howe Sor and'y mars le oamiunco ch te mre ens eg ‘Sede ht ey ey mach We mes ere oprate ) d Ishimth et ee a sce ny of 1948? Weta Em hat he few 8 Gab} Hower set OE She 20) Ten act oman er [yea [Varma valet “ost 1045) i wasnt on th lent a2 a ib Sis) es) mo nie te aon atc (eee) me as} avabd ior eed gone OF‘Neat esos) a hoe re ne apni Aye san ona ent Pt pee Na wonte (0st) Tho 1, te 1049) ‘i il moth mil tw Piatt ysyaton }ne ot apenas ote it ‘ai opnb 081) Set be yp yroinai 1 ‘So catenumena es! hbeareorevanly ats 92 Oe race rpan of aby oe ee TO Nw oe thn eee 43) a (06), 48) an (oss) hn sme ttl oy and can ree mated. Sd veto pe ey net ihe cha rae 10F au) agin 04a 049 eat ete 4 be aatay oat) eo wou ery ot a mi i a. me ae seating tt ptr eoupent spon he ct Des ‘PoeEincar prec At tp oe pn 0410) Theta hehe pale Howe be ming aie ob ‘Wher agro 043) leh ernie marche] ese = aie We hse spk he ypc mac wt ue I Nan we eur ps ad mach 0 Gh ana in ren "he patos apison a ep I her contin of two dy aang WR pom heron anf v=) +at-uar* eo |-i[" v=a4 We wt say et ht nad: xpi tm ine UNedap eon tanh sont and Gm chat niseac-coiree Partin gence cg ge ye ga sie cee EE OR tats epon my apron ways Vmea6] nay eau se [Zeca ‘Ao, ig he aa fr sym etar A) r g eie Nine cation 93-9 may appoint sn 06) hE =O marta pen “The pina we jt ou sd. eve in ‘re ay ens Bi ar randy 0a) Th prs ‘Sip ees ey, ae penance LL, sos Thoe pointe wn ro! Ve Teusnmectss uoting piled = 2 acy MC AI (MANA) [x] a Les: (v0.38) oact-co tant) =a ret titer neat onuanes eseesecemtemreoane Se cham erent elec Fas tiaenyme cuenta aaa co Yagtergpters ouital atte WKB apni: ae sp te rainy ona a'r ad meee a oe peda ewe ot MTree er Unit Aspmptoe Apeeinatin ‘m5 ange ate te sag sation a ae oma (0413) ‘yo eds stoma en wet sd spon te toa reosimrvee(zs) “rare aii)" aes, 5 VQ het a a in That ela ‘Tonite pra of Lang Schenicdenaleate eeoety sylias"Lonwenmy appear [bse sae ly" |-€8) SF me ee cc CNUs, o[sP arms (§s)"omrs 00% sl «esos. ig 04) et ct mn A) Ts rege tna (ahs enya at + and — sete 6 [ JOB a= 2/8 “Tou, Pe aati, a 1041) may Be pat ng Ne ‘mi tke Ar tga eu slis)"]-lif =a] [i veonee§], a0 Dieta Character fh Comaston Formal Dereon 04 he ting in ge tom You et real i ura fp eta wi SecretsSka ins sian ete tie ‘Sehr anmpote enna cid oucamarte rene Towcsuppneit eth mn agin then io 8)"= Qe) ees w 24 an =U} Ones me coe at Setewe sf sc) mpon tb esurhipneilyen Gotan exp) /Gahts Bat trae wang bem Sa ing Sy i pt ne ong ‘Sion in pon Ineo hase oderia¢ Ne met a a ‘Sepeenalypovingson rently met ns ey Stn 5) pe “pert te orton orm er the oneal poln sein im eum Toe as ay pore fam he men ‘Site sesonay cig tgs wm pt dete ‘Namaig fhe Ont Tang Pit Seon ear ff ia ono ona amt wate, Disteas a Eh apute 0a ate tnd eee Je} tomato I Exam swe be aacane oy‘nig bent tom Senin ei 7) [Lotnseat cain om beret way sce ett ita meee ret See eee Eoenegy seeneotean cee Sayer oearees Sea cas naourireyetet Se Cees fimde nae 0h oe np en O49) Ste pon and Bae ay ‘Sic pen egal mtn 04 be al ewer mat cy depen rar cnet tant 8 Haws apron Shoe well non no ak = cf" ta = ska a|-1( ana +01 0s ~c4atyao(2Lier), cao, aay se snd tie meinen ets ce Tino tatey a omar te Shiva sioetematpegt ge “Woaae eam patency Peale eats, twoa2n rove of coe, eiaepn cnet Tinta cere Ojncwarn os "ac af yo by expreig he a fe te Seaton jes use at yote Tho ht lee may Sint ig he [Lament toa) [ec 1020 vain fh et) Te cond ied tel fy eeauneystetag emp eis the Ay anonSeta a oan «| secu fcar } eos aanasy ‘et ec 0 pt i te Pe) pe Soin SAGES a tte eee en frpmcemie ec REmagneg RS ere ere eee inept 4 wn nape FERS SPRUE Pee Mebatac fr eer “To oat fs pnd, we we he eyo 0 =} — fem 29) a api ‘pate rig np ag non by ps ee Po 103) aa sso, geen Fyn cae ft de wig ae nese te eta squticn RW) 8 Sewn two a Compan es we pee ce Bytes sy b0)= 1 0) 0 and 2 ‘mec [pane 0s. awanan ai A en eae by (te ‘Mopac en ade eo Ay cn ffoeraencvnemiae unl we cohen ermine de (hy te adng syne he f Ai and Ah then we bt 8 ecient emntas serait Penta stv treaties pee tareWea we te irene amo son A) and A ate ae st fn Sot) 12, sweaters dare tatah = {nt ion vatca e040) Combing he rts 1042), (10426 (1043) geste a aor FLovaracnnet() ot. «or One ei eer idee td (way tae pat ee me Brtet oh vos tava ah mt ‘siege tin on [7 beer ae seotreyrann9* (204) wren) © owe Che o GER enema [Linwtevetrimuie, oe nan 145 TWO-TURNING-POINT PROBLEMS: EIGENVALUE In eiswcton weston tow one peiat-apioprecinaon ohne sprout oaton othe nanopnn taa-ae palee eee, 2 i s)he singling pt = a Bouin's @o0ussBerne4 ta Go0d: ‘Gey fe oro face Ob ly easy hen =0,1.2. ea sven ine “Pum iru enon depron puna HS SH one Te 83 evmn apan et Sr dno (052) ie by empty ming te ‘hough wing pst dost at hain pa ae ‘Sond abd ttt tug farang pou tt saop tat he ‘Stoel beans ie eeat ‘Shy Tus mtchng condition tnt mo Oe coma om tin (1032) Mfr onsen Pot eto at day uasn oo! aasiecle] mas satrap 4B ng the tgs an doc “he wet he at de toons ae|-1)° a0] sex-onr af teas ‘eS SeerTR ee ppaonslnn G0San 154)mae isan ate ad sem va ea Siete knee a nee cfm acto ener Ti oem os a serena J say [ me+3 ene a ie exponen 9 at a 1054) Muy ta th pc oy Hk te a ep ul of Bev, sce th spent ace ete aos we ‘mat eae Pata Sef whch wt (082) Toe se hem a ison (ts emai chame (7, seen {Coa (033) Tsang te San of 1082) “hettne sms eed ema er ame eh ems in a ih he Cm ene 5) {ot ata cee pes fy eign oso he fe Whee tems nthe WR eee near FgasiePrebens pyar Kner QU)= VO) ney of qarn scsa ) i mentoncalya ss he ca ees FAW) Eye Aeade, (0085) dct ui tsa Fst por vel Ye) be Fe 14) ‘5 tass) eogeee Po 089) ae a wy ea Veneta so s+ theta a nae aero ine estes fuclvancaieindeets™ tured oes eres een ght a mre Fnac Tk oa hey Ue Lyasnes, ant Unity (0s) exe ie asi Ef or within es Po 131) ane tra =~ rea) fm gn FIVE a bein eit aE aR eemeee sey iene tesafie et Jeet tease os terri fetk eee Sailers eae ewig = [EER oe megane ta ieee ae fab ih” saeco) ‘SSUES TTA tem i a Smee iat 196 TUNNELING “untg ne mma ganna hema ih a SSUES e poeta banat cmc eta pc pee {SDE tei son wee WK thay to mae a gute 8 cing Weep aoa th atone a Right Moving and Lat ong Waves {Theta emg pty bes maton, Tht deen ‘Ting smn tea mh ine denne Som wae span nenilven ens ‘scat swe Let ate at eine depen) Sheer otaer tet o (9083) Satsang (1042) (04) een inl eon er =10)~ EM, 0) in ego She a ay atone ep) WKB oan 0 wos aecntin: ie cle vren[sif VEEVBA] cosia Te Ev ouhhe WKB prnination 064) tinadepenn new et {Bonne apne} pie wag nna Won CoE = Ma eae hf VE= FA meet er ich mete oh hiro ‘An Exactly Sle Motel of Ting Toilet he phenomenon feng we make ese ocd Fe) Sy) Cay hs Seba acon poral coe a Pitti s prude wath ena -O'H Ee) scone et eng oud 0 aay tt Sek (vnc econ) we Sader 0 Ths woud ehaton E>) aca pre ag ‘Sinn cowie aes = Tcl tans br ok 109) is guatan mec wells pnts and Rta pete manne ca eto cmp hapa 2F (00) eb ee 0 em Wa, ee 0 ah ee sebmansp (oie) rhea toin/Bih 250. yo)=cep (nfs) depen. n> “esas nang wt cnt ety oon omc oe as Som ia ee i Cth ee hme archaea eT cast Ss pst td cena roe 8 ‘Flag thy ens twemeg svete Wed=eo(-te/Ba) Pep (4a/Ee, x ee poem tet rreeaienes (od 1085 et pe 947 wendy mca terttenlie eg, ae 13 comeing tin nin atin O40, wee SRY SUNS Ra pee posure ee ea vicaritess ‘he roto now he nai) tase‘tet soa ftom Cane (oats) nd Oe ean meneame, ee, i (83) hd a Te im Jeena damit ora the WEB pron 6) ee by ad =tge me otf a4} Sues Poca) Wien «> Be WRB apa Wadi} tte the ood nese 043) ee ade E29] Y= prob schon at (warn) (ws foes ein) ye neon fama 68} hi xrin mpl abso “he men U6) my be ewe sic deca apne scene tovad td ets 4 wang te cnencen rma 0818 2d Fate x Rel tin i init later 0 (wos case GT smi = et af a FHT] sere CEH t/t emp tt eh nA po teh cone arora Ra[iP=k 60s 004) rele aa|-2[Fayra=el, os onan Ne tune tate an xen el pron fine wae oct gestae ate Sina dep oom ‘Ee foromn edo mu eur yao al compe th Seater te Pea os Potential Bari ‘Teen annie cers 042) an 1062). a Pree poems sap for tgp ie Fa ‘ines tpn fr wh oy me cmt lesq ite mat 1063 eee Ya, > Eben ether ‘het: mace nwhh > re eed nent tas a cnn a (-efs-e4) eo 9 ee TI swept ctate gen CE Sees aetna Siete oP oe tama A Meatloaf) gassh som i Setup rae Ty eon ps ee (2822) and (3824): ° Daneeees, fo: bel puree Berries, tami Lent No ca MY en akan (MH) en Bes ee sponge pA ee system 40424) aus) creep eam ghee maine are 12 44/T=e™" = 1) We tere pe the caging wae ‘Ronin at 0 G41} begat cate roan) Nex we amie (043) a 5-204, Whe 6 ne ane 1 Tu smn pa (63 te ABM, ate ‘Dissent mah spe what 10428) Th were = pe (ass) Penn tt se »[peolif avi=rm) -emo(-{[ayi=e™]. coum eu hn y= B46 COMME We tpn he in S10 ep raeg t ee Cotes ous) a= (ane 4 ce Conpatig expen st tin (062) pe BYE= Metron Coals (0438) on nection oun 063) 10632 6908 (00635) We soa he flog apron fe aad Hoey the stain ad tein concen ae R= [8 = ad POC SF eotis deg ru alone weed ‘od taf tema In byt 08 0 1045 we ei ok apes fhe esa ot suc° 107 BRIEF DISCUSSION OF HIGHER-ORDER WAR [APPRONIMATIONS 1m ste ne bw tte pcr & WKE apcousion joe {Ree men unsosta anager nao wa pe on te) ston net in Sromynrintor notes eewtatroe “persons eae ta secassgyonapnmeen Scop catmmenat Re Prseireoe aeraaian mame toa operat Se wonce cor wer Stef VIA ‘uray sare -finenn fang snes 10) ti sua 2 | 20 ae sie 3 20-5 gon SUS Nieto eect yee men pc tom go os einem gpl indices 0. Wer at al pete ‘ie efor nie ‘es con gone unig point. Wes | sal serene gist} dekato en cp ee) eo be (007) ete ti Se 184, stand he apres 0 in hea Ieischar ht y mating henna x a fo SSE AALS cant ors anode WB ion. ‘iy We pce tow amore pra ihc egy el all fed We ic ESTOS new i Spenser heme 5 i a el cin ee oe ro hi i= 019) 2%44 EP 4) EAs here seo eA ede. (1008) Saeitaing 76) (1075) ein he afte ost 2, Nios ante estos vows te s)asfemm(eet)). conn 1 yr ding tind een, we woul reps QC) Satelit rence asogro writ ae are eno SS Taree te yma eh weep) nN) ihn) a ne ‘rn waa ira We ak elongation (ores ome [aia dvire stot, roe 5 ge Su, ao ae Lf Se a teeny sate. al eyeSiang hae oma st 9 0073) gr nt pn nat Wee ma ate tpn astern ems re ha (027 ge y=) erm te -Sermem) } meee cy, nan 078) a 79 pty Wa mewn he code Sz) on) Rims Seton ata ean en mah ps) Pod Oak yu ew Tove Bak ul - v(t pMDI gy a aL sl Yo ea Se waa ‘ion gua 173}(1077, nd (9711 omen rel ‘sbtothe secur pit ten Secon Order Stn tthe TT Eira Preble toe ftbw Se 128 and on wo der oui iat ons ‘tn notre pean of (082) oe Pe 10). BIR) ane aferdJe+os 606, sony hey bade yt pin ae eit miorned (Pikatafencochanoy ne epan(}eneabowe jot She iss nme npn oe Po 1050 103 oleae ens tomo 107 jean betes by 8 muck ocr Ly ffs ese coten nym rat crmens Sead 2S estJeroe, coe. gor Complete Petrie Slaton te To-Taring Pn Higervane role ann Sc in 7 enn ate LplBesmenm co gang as ae wh mal re 1 (0718) Rh ote ht vag eke ml te or gi Rs Source oo) heigl BT Sincere)Wns et ec 054.123 Sen Fornaio OL . sped] | tae? ~ Taga sce face con cee ade Sd cae Cation tom LEE Easuneenfest)a oe cans) ae Hae = en eb eB aeweful nn come sepa sects san ; ayes true) ezanosuineonmerene — “Te 145 Compr of exe dg he pt i 8.2.4 Cite ioe Wik peasant 0) ee) es ra ese 2 um ast a 19 PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER 10mein ins ‘hun ap soa ra oe a ea Peete pe Essen 7869-020 =m aes nate jan nena oo satiny ei teh ere es bt (eo resem msg ie 0) Sle ee 2 ow te) whe ea SASS atest lla arometenet ipo feo oP A IQNE A ere tn Winn Bae Tne ne a oi a he ue gn stan, (=. Sateen Exits genta Eee emime mame mnoe SSeS SEiaauash aaron ET art eet et Iraa a® ELEVEN MULTIPLE-SCALE ANALYSIS et NC Srna pia dpe erwin heey Tia, we cumin se pine ple, ‘Rowtow wanna smi dette ea fan end ray show tnt mane Boe nownorms The ‘Goal cape of mic a ppc oe ‘Depron tn yy Se ie ope Eareth= nbs on Spare ea smears rae teem iy SEES), Joi gt ani) Ore ara a thsosion emitted ral It) ek [2 etme otc boomer bc hen se ‘Spon ery fom he eer oe Nel eam ‘Seo tml when Jostens cago Mw the day re Pes eee = Hen -damab ae siteriaicbans eat Gu) ain en Se = Sasha aS pe gayuteocires ponte ceeammuere mycket remem SARS Eas actos seme Peer eee rae steamaaishanne seutyvea sane Nem Rear Petia Epo “Tenens enemy of enaan Baca eto mn op Daag al Giereot-a yetyor=a (its) pst itn ov me mney A pte ‘Siow ae oyun stacy erp yf) ns pve sn w= E eran (iis) fr Sang ie ‘secs ince ar fm be fet nhc stn ous ditnenn i) "Pct (11) ch as) = 6) 04 nest“Toni L149) enema c= ea Grit onopaesatm Tara 73) (os Sechiae ay Dif Aen + Bain +e Inept ation ig i) (0) =D d= he theo Rin ‘Westnet ann «com Th ty ewes feisty far eh equ) ou Fm hepa ine "unmade pre saon (114 rene feo em t—Heins}eOR)e=08. (LAD) Ye epi te er One abv een meat fet Ue cobs al lrg) inn moter noe Te ary of atk re web es ty She etlthcketvecmprns sos Fonaaigenoereseae (lon) sits Sut pie occ pour wet HO ‘ei a hor, ext slaon 7m ound My “ostow ht lion 14) Dundas or a neconact nega eons Mig Gey eng rt ms G4 ee Ci tnt Sze Lad 1 = 069 Whee vi lara Tw bom ra ony yd pt iat epetionsToe en in) am ny tg gan i) my be ‘Cc aly ars edd oi i ys rth esa Iota ae Partbaine Cosco «Rodd Soto (114) ‘Wein rnd aan apr ranch shown hat cet in rotator tt a he bon pthc a (GU) om win arbre Teo tsar en the ummatin of te pan see (115) We knw at he rem Queso fgets acme Eee Geese aieeneenouee: eS an mg Sec tn in oe ae ws sens ee ei ire bee ee rel ag ant if uu) "tpn puts pom me et0+ fed fe Se 7)Win in rma fre at te a ea se mi Peruri (113) soa ae “Tie grenon {Ai} nawnch eter npronmat oration tan jms bras it pod arrmatin o for Ost ts) The eee es) ss a 0 og 821 (es antec [tts fs ass spinnin 9) oe leper Te cronies nan yl ee ‘et arama to onary ht Cae a) 205 ab FSeREWieZo ‘Thehernecaiy banda as po Andee HER) eno Four a he Mates equine Pb 1 PROBLEMS FOR CHAPTER IL Renee cecep aes pt Rea ere ee a herlpatitase yeast Sena tn amine aero Seer me at toe ee Bin Fay yh Noe om na $1 Gite cpar penne tan cst ngewe yal ser poten ty = spoHBG) = enka esha om =o Seat USEFUL FORMULAS AIRY FUNCTIONS. rom Sena ew tin (0) aves Spine Nie) reife) oo Ai feo)n Beat os) Ao, NEVA KA) 1) = JAB) 4 os1 hemos expan mega temermesen § (capa agree ieee § 0; js che ere tnfh com of] moar aoentoseia et] one fere sy] nore mye ica Soups onl ea)a ssa lf “MODIFIED BESSEL FUNCTIONS Pree teoeran eee ten 8 vune() do $21 snr un=tear fa) ee scuff Eoddeostetn reas wt sgeeg taeral ey \toeengsteeteee = Ro" i) om oe Ki) 4 hams cis 7 pos famel < woronrine § rerun er ee eee eee kine eon waite 6 Dates [fees 48) 0By ta steeped Seta neon 1 eget taal Gt aera eral athe un yf abet fn Jeera, ~femeese esau Rentgenh feweee 4 sarap raven ancient 2)aute- bet mia[2) ae tein (ey =) fe Oo soil (fonteine mat [ered ae ce [foi teane—maraB" ferseetom myer de Iwesl che 1 vos oun [0 ete) 0 Yh armen Et © ae = Jetset) aA » fhecens y= inh PaBaBoUlc CYLINDER FUNCTIONS 1 te pi veertobeyea Soto) D8) On ft to ae ey sec. tars erm hd eer =U Di sb DiET nym erage n 4 sapere parm vee § (ater se leslie aipncem § (om we ae 20.s)= Dale BDsleh 1) = PAs) + BD. Rela Het potensas s)= Male ‘GAMMA AND DIGAMIMA (Fs) FUNCTIONS ro-[riem tera reste 2 Spas roe tdaJe Hen 4 sora ampere et ee so hele ts) Toner erees ay dea MATIC yh ReEROREY>D. vere reamed deren! w= wa eaye are Eontoar r= Sa 1 the lean eon 1 Rompe epson were ge Be [EXPONENTIAL INTEGRALS, 1 tg psi nae