126 XP 448, RR “he ih Stes Act Blt 22, oping 1980121 This material may be protected by copyright law (Title 17 U.S. Cade) HABSBURGS AND OTTOMANS: Defense, Military Change and Shifts in Power By Git Aston nit ner al seventeenth centre te toma sate as word empire \tnehintoeced ly tinct tees onsite Medien ‘Ene Conual Eampeandinthe Msi Eat eopolil poston ast rity, ple anand enon sar, magne icin admins Fr NEY ane cee st npn alley moctnes of he ery mer eal gree Omer Ep the stat of = word power Byte ed of the ‘cen th eer er piepaty of the Cnomars ha ongueed este yeoman eronein Ano andinthe aan Slane ‘Sinan comedy Egyptand Aran 150 lepmanthe Magnet nes Nance end) the key fortes athe maa Hung ‘Rite dteresyrem tina ft long year he congue Res (RES SShcessemdedborann Io 5th badly oped Magarin ay TESEannc by the Ostomn alley and the nse at Mobis Mary ‘Siharant amet ol the hope er led and he ecg King ang ‘Benin Cos genin i et is Me are: The tho of nga SRR ine tobe wh on 177 unl 515, cuter soe ia ao ny herp How, Gn toon [rpm e mara ner ey a aa ed Nasser Beles sen Nandos. SE, tm Speen gee mn a aia ot sents: ne Jen ata. "A kala.” in Meh enn ew = See eS absbergand Otemsne ‘mata circ andy ltermanages une huge tessa Buoy, {tc Spin sotern aly and Seay Ara omnguenes of he dub pee Imeem doc marags etre he Habbare and elon conch {2 en in 1th a Pi theo of Hungary and ahead icehe ppt bad Habs Cental Bop, costing (thls om the Ae the Carptian mous tetris they ha oly pons fora sbr ne bowers 17-57 “Tae wer howe fo pretend he ongaren throne ean of Hatntuy the Arhdhe of Aa, younger boter of Chae Ving of Span and Fal Roan Emperor an nos Suapolal pl) the vv of “Fanmlesiwho had the apport ofthe mle py. Doe tothe ten of prope Found, tsb som ad 86 hope of boi ting Chris homever had cede hie Assn dings to Ms Younger other 1 Ubi 22a sons neal gery tt table ones wan the Habu dymosy the western Speck an the eaten Asta ie a pened the geo he Lingome of Hungay and Boers oe Ferdinand ‘he Om teat cvainly heed ip ih th Beran an Hangaan ‘Stee tos Ferkand, aough in angay nt» seal gu supped ‘edad whereas the major othe nally cic on apola stn apie at ean diploma tary etre, wh the support of Sultan Steyr, ‘capt hel the ry sn death in 84 Whe nor Sealy! died ‘not son ine gerund (1310-170, dae hing by hs spores was ‘olga by Fodnand of Habsburg at Baa Tis pst eal allege fr thestan San pray fd lp sree Sgsmurd andin #4 Buds thecapia ofthe medieval Hungarian King el io the sla’ ands. The trowel pc ofthe cot wa inated ino an Orton proving unde @ veer wht the eastern prt of Hungary beyond th Tn ier odin ‘Farovnla waseedadtfine Sigmund Only theater tthe county ‘hos Royal Hungary ead under he cota of he Habs np ior dips fers and my cain he ein of he ouny cme wpe Pan ints nts ae ce eye eee dott nee eee em my a tl tae Dnt cee Sars ego OO a rs—~—~”s Srbednermendsmmraaca tetas oe ‘reading tbe Otera-Hangaran Aisa of T52)In Hunger Otome MAY ad oe 27128 or hgoton Into For oe and tal centr Hungry was dein ive pa seat and some pt cou... Royal Mengay wich wis TOTP empue tannin tpt wh tener part ofthe aay calla the Brun,» poTussh Principat ude the oma of he ‘Sete ttn andthe idle Dare, an oupet of he oman Epi Pasig cotan oat oe Osetia Habsburg nds? “ute nth con agar the Habsburg sone he lost are refi bere ster Chetan a he Mesin OSA wre wsposly dln Chon nds against he Ooms “i {RETR Otumen avs stony promoted Ie esablshnet of ne pola se nary onal Europ hat ae igh ssid asthe proiy o ‘eld Cena trop’ bu ares the Hobbs engnize te clips dears tec sem ond siento tir mila machine ode ‘apn he Osun allen Tron! hn sis Chae na sp tt he in of Seman she Ono and combed Habeburg Emr were gute evenly mated as hohe en popuieee, agrees, manu, tareport and ‘omer recone fer abo 5 bowers" ty STU neem aph nat the Onomans ving Astra tear tera TEENIE ieucralie ahouldmster And eet dcepany wes SEAL LST advantage nae and or cin pop naar FECL as we and Get Pakr’s notion orig to which Tans wer excnds rm he pcp sas ace the Habe Duin tds wer to pote nary revlon! ort pr more easy, he may tin was oat wate” nts ein” One ig rg ta swe eet ee oy ty Oni gaa ‘Soom teva ie ner eto ce atypia Seer nr tera er Ger alacant Care i tes eto seems er! ae ate ao aca Eee ene eos PE ena a of pe an a, Tears et te eel ace et aaa Ys ssy a ftgn comme i ln, “Aon itachi Pate ett ein cae See aye bared eden Haney © 03 absburgand Oromans lexan nar ofthe tara pie anita machine as pinay Tepe An atrmaion ae Ths the im ofthe pet paper to cullnge the above notional defend a eer diferent we The presen pape args that asa consequence of the tary moderation pres by te oh sotenth centr he abbr my Aghingin Hangar apt te Otamane stared the mals fetes a hee fhe ary cf nden, vii acai Paher’ ew wa ne ‘the lnding amie Eropeespencingtheso caesar relation. Por ‘hermore Vina modem the ky sonia Hungary ech wnsalage ‘ese const uerakng ive ot tan by an ary engine Sin chicane Al the by fortes were more or la conse coin 12 ow mic of ti ee wick Parker considered 35 xy semen of the may seen Tas wl be hon the pt fi pope the Danubian aburgtands wer putt socalled maar reveal om ‘hein steht orate ines conse modernization fa hii nahin td deere trae conecred The Cora Gs ‘Reno tf the pes at ep pace th hese tends ough ot ‘nnn oman try eto as eof Peske sought [hd pot ofthe deed he ain aces sige ‘oud dim ta 1 would rg, th Dackraness as isto cal {leurs afhertha ecolgeat ae nately outed inthe siti Powe ‘even the Hany and Otome Epes “The New Defense System and Miltary Modernization efor 150 Hungary wa gad by a nd defensive nor which conse of to ae of toner frees lag the Daub a anes tbe southern ptf the wwe Kingdom of Hangar The outer ire Shctched mn Savy Css Sever) ma Onova (Onova, Naor {Boop Zinony Catan Seats ano Sevtenh een, 02) nnn upto Kiss Os), wheres the north ne fom Legos Lug). ‘iransabes Caan) and ees gar) via Peerrred Pari tap Krups and Bsr ia) o Zong Sen onthe aria xs Between 21, mk rie aed ef aye ea et Iomeve, he seams Yo exc Hab Hungary om the in ara ofthe wey ‘itiowanhutngte"pentrsuenetescewarae ich rang ‘Tune wert ft ge tute nd pono en may TSE, MESES teh ata see pe Se Saeed iy om ‘ei Hai eae canta ey SON ie leyment oe aie Henin ze ston ne Fn St bot ted A Ks WOH S0 tana icon Theapramtsa 129130 Ser Agnton so and 4 tiene Ate be oma ek Bae 5 PEND Stane no hg! Hang ed the pl fing Fnac pom whch mod ako poet Ns een a ‘Ran oy hl emu fran ow ham ee eg mth rotons ay Arnal ets tendayaand oly nine for ore than venty day. tn this period nly four forests OER Shun Oman one tte 19 Temesrin 51, Eee TSRSTDSipiein zeta Kiang reseed yt main my eae ut: eep and Eger oe sacked By the ops fhe gd ee ieany te gveeer genta of Dua” Ts fhe seeeroned CRESS eens cde yer Tess 18, Segoe tntsornd Egon 8 Tiatacaing te Otc ha iy lar and into sp cael tech tro fay every ease ost ne ee aren ts wakiowes ond mano house wero by bing soley Sepneans ert berwen sows oesry og Te crane SENSES UinT or ole ori ad we dsj aeons thee athe Haga its oder os he noms ang a ee fats ascii not ring sg th ounce Hoan nda be mhere ath coun aloe SQUAT etc le eo by he gogo he ego er seeder a he er Sooo tem reign he Dare Aer Land eee etc eutshnet fhe Aske Nar Couns (Nowra, me ema tae nome ns apn aie ae tm a niin Ah potter fa we lunar bere 8 Po Ht eae, 0-0 Moga ce ‘pee etn nne ga a es na So oh Soe a gmt 08 at a ee ra ae et a i ea See ts aspen en ener cones cit ratunne rac undeae iloen Ovi Budapest Prk-Teut, 180,178. ababrs ‘neces cfs tay lin 856" Ven bo eee he feifton ena poet nwa te mr ogeizer tthe tabsnest ‘lthene deere ste “Te foraaton po Was hamper bythe fat tha oof he eats to be motion tn to be ince im the dense sate beget unganan es, eh were anable to aponae the moderation projet In 150 or eagle ct of he fourteen soorgolls of Cota ely to bcs (Bi) ad Rp Cpa) ween the Sad of Read whee in avons "She mrenty eats ong teeta The most impr frees, ich [Eger Sapir, Kain o Fak (FA ahovo lo wren the posession of the ugartn ascracy wheres te impo oe bonged toe deg {Gye teey ofthe Getancnpie’ gts med dings naan pres, ‘sin the hana ichopet Gy Older Oem cin Castel, Thednteanleontheltteethe ier Nts ares where Eck (Nowe 2k wero wh wae pena for cling the alley oat te venon isthe Ny an ger eonged to theres of Exergo. tthe the mojnty othe Hagan ty bk the mca anc ‘our tory stegthen than Ths fr thes ste he rong eben a tn ems a Yt i "Aer taking ove th sae important sronghol Vea best he largesse focton prot accordance withthe fe geet the ‘ie np whre no appropriates were aval oe bearer io {bedelers ine ne nar ate ent One oth wa safes ct riherghtban ofthe ver Nine, nasa withthe sonsracton pan of (Goto ret and under te servo of Ota Balan om 180 ard yeaa ia gn Hen Openereen th sees ar Pgh Vantec tooebeieelad ries hr ay ei ure eee eae ‘prey: Cute ih heer Fe Aus ary Boa Oa sa tm operen seborrhea ase nl ie a he Eh Cetay” Ae Hay or 9-10 97h 3S ‘eka ap ge arson 8-19 aps ‘Beta Nata Serco les Coc ond ange ‘hn nt ger Ya Sant You mons ‘sao ow mcs Cl ay hn se Tm lk ch ws pe yh Oo 184 ae Maran Ketch, De EL rurale, 280 ‘pat aoc a sh M en ‘ads Ebon od Per E.R a pen Hewes cp Lvs Nye, seh 131Cibo goon ‘Ascn boson nthe of hi te orton snd meezan of he ae eh tres othe it fine a engbede Seige Kanes Ge Pept oj ge and Temeran wos dct and oped may AOTEEE Sita etcee' scr Paco Benign, Glovare Mani de 1 Sigman de ta den Pip Toms Freese de i Fee unas de Pram, Palo de Minds, Ota Bens, Cela capers Base Brig; Cao That ema Magno ebce de Pa sores Coe dala St, Ps ataner, Gazomo Fate FEXSESRE ects astm oni Te mot ons oe, cha Pero re cnt wor snprabl fr he lane ad consron of The bay ets ch defended Viena, Peto Feboico mode th plas of (Sits Cyrand emis, a work e hase ete ei Supeende SSDNA Gust he Dor dle i pte of he a tat Wier tane bce Hing, aye a ems rol he tengeing reprnsntan rcs of Kane nd Exe trogh the plan and Se tna os ook and gave valle sugeion once he ann at Kars and Ege Oter ign mitry egies ao took eeehocomuconprojetin gary acres Toss ys ie att Esc turn msi rsa, orm archi), the Au Sout ee ane trate rane se en gegen” ce am Some abe om Ba" a ace ge te soe hes Noa Se cs ee cS temo ne n Mena” Sc eu ris ase 90nd MgO Set inten” tri deer 36 cea er iptraPa tea Tempe doe cae eine ah pean ae tn ene se panicles al nee SiS omnes ieee ee 1 cs cla easton oe gar a TS ad Tes nen Hatin et 30D srg and oman ‘ban Sas, aupeisr ofthe consiation wok at Gy in the eri 57 DeeEfonted nero Golan he Gran Dani Speckle, te attr of “Reasso Fvunge G5), who ae oled in the Poste ofa at ‘Mp Um, Colma od Srarbur and waste is bit t portoy (eles scythe ney een om he a oh pn orm SEVEN ete lye ete maceration procs he ot portant fectnateon wee spengthed to» oie degre ad in omen ich [STgpeeKomtom, Eek Kae Kose) Ngyvirad Seti na ony REISS tate ts were re ting the weld syste oi ‘RENEE Sinton Tus the procs ave way tthe development of the Beis gp th ore own or Festung wel-esown nay France and BONS etina tact ttc soar, omer att the anders eS ve of te ange Trey the stent cenkry 159-1508, wT hheton ald war teteen ete epe oko out into open wars TESA Rerun singer ony few o te steal important Sree FESS Sump scoring te ginal pln ane mos ofthe Md ben ‘Rky snare sly: Daring th lng werent mest wpa ote TEER prey the toms Gye 98 Gtough eae soni 158, TES one an Rane in 1, Cte hey songs o the defer, FES. Sh Nagar (nodes ad Eka wee taken bythe Kp rand eee Ltn canary td a, pete Ts despite TEE) Nattunatoe projet nd! cartes faa to witha torah Tilt uke Te delete ke tem, however, es able 0 tind Teli needy nde and the remating errors ofthe Hagan ‘Ringo tuphou te eet aed seventeenth enti ‘es persed nna ewe bode defers ate mise ting he meet tm of eda an ieably requ. The main wee Sf suay adenine the Ae War Coun sited in Vets (ESSE inane present and ve coun whose jrsctonetendedto he eee amt cluding Hungy ond Bohemia The council had town Ca TOS UigereZioee, cnet Bl) ih wo Soren one Reiter SEeeeide ert rates Woveput and ses Serer evans Die ae engaan rpc Sina ater wat ned by TH EE ers aay omy earch he deferse apie SR new eed Tan flr x gnetal aboehngeto the Ac eee un the cay eigen cet Te Ae Nar Cue ough ‘digested Feng 0, 9 eae ence a etna Harare as Cro "A IC. sank Foe i eleter arti crm mie Se ta echatpengtmean le mcg et Feng and dae mE Detscn om ela sin 3256 Ce ete and Pan gir ara 18, eT pia cha oe 133,BE sea espero he relent aasent al he soppy of psa wel TOLEECTR neo amen marhowses and border fens had ony SOR Titti stony inthe open te wargayiater Rigen) eee py sums ow than 9 Rhcish Hvis The i Sepended O° a ey (tan be mun asrantatv organ of ian af eae Rena in saan 527 anda le deg othe Hurgaran eee Eeltmpntan umber auc Kane Cams Hargi), which Fee ceatheyalrevnus oman customs, coinage a ies For thekingdom ot Hang seo a: Veoh o nein wth be Hung tits, we rio Mesto onal and foe the be eee ten. The ee tie trap between the canal pore and the angaian aan eed tbe cl ature of he adinsttion ofthe Bey Satis elon sue, ea mtn ct wo eyes of epabraenely cane ete eer by te Ale Wor Corl whch pected Fae cby tetany erst of th gaan eaten Te reser a prety tc mapa othe capeigerras othe Do ae Cinetanereter cca capt covnris The cousy Was [utc bordersrne Gee inhhtas thee apa eae een we cnt the mah casts of he repo bl bal eee Tete muntined by thecal power and thse se Foose eee Sto them Ate same tine and same ernest afte et set rsproms cians ete Fee perng Toe hit even caret dieing mary mates eee ames neanday nortan aswel as theater ooo foes Sratutipnst made oof itretosnetle come and owetoope ands smal Tee ROS aed coe and nay pa he Haske, We rege Grin cape gent he Grape cold Beeld y te epee SS hcuhborig Hatar dor by Hungarian os seplbieotbe RE lf oue ls impor be ofthe cues tages was ‘Moos exheivy ymave Hungarians “niu nein on et et REE ike oer dre sytem hd she poses the neem eoromic ane dh unr Hata on a te evo sores aoa pol creer ns Ere neo elive psc no es tha 1540-16000 TRrivine tentsel he sterner wharathe eee sary eesti ngy te, try raj events ee), cing TERS otGpteset amounted omy 20000 RhenishBoroiyal amie er tem eer one a Se ee aera CE ‘ababurgand Otemans “ot whch was scully spent the dfn ptm. ts word, oly sot S000 Rhenish eri ere spur om lr espns: the evens cee ‘oeHunpy co eover ony be 30.39% of be agent ora eplayesin angen oes The renning 6-900 hao supply ote sous In rate, he Ae War Couette the expe ofthe ops eet nthe angarian border forrest 21000 Roe ois 12000 ‘eet payafte slur, as ne mllon othe fortesion of cast wees {hence had nt changed conser. Ts the supply and maseance ‘ft antOtoman ode defense systems pect on ty copta—albet Ghat Eien aatune of the tats ote aly Roman Ep ad he ‘eng heredary ne Alco eet esearch pid ut that ee [fees geoph and hype once which the rtm se 9 Me SESE Sn he Orman iat ed ever bona seus a6 contro Cena the contin popgaton ad tequnteaggeraton ofthe Tush ‘Sohne tpl lice Sana an tary suppor and contd 1 te SENSant cut othe sbsrge poston i he rapon by emp ‘Slog tt dopey in detending Wester Chsndon pains! Ine "ih he Gans mite fhe Holy Roman Emp apd es Danton osig he usin ibeangemogomszd not ol he bode defense 5 (emt tanya we Reena eas as show tt sing the [EnngOnoran war lout in Hungary bememn 158-1006 the emery and Comoston ofthe ingot Hasty pons ww ery ie 1 thar of he ‘Om gag a ner a ht the mb nary sles ary the rae eee onsce one the main esto of eso call ular re FES rau agh asin the Netra i amber ecg 3% (hee epee no fre srengtanedY th Hungarian Heys SEE Steta dies wn neve sles apd with rears. eas ao been ‘indented tht cis ofthe ps were lad bse on epowe™™ “Ts reper supenaiy nat Revgrzed bY both sides, Alay in 1566 Lanner von Sovwen he api genetal in Upper Hungary Bebe 1543 and 1555 neo the bot experts en Tasks far emphasing the [Rgesunce ef fe ores ats our tthe pte ho were armed [SE cn ems Headed the Habsburg Empoce fo coal Spanish ad ae er tical kage aa nin cote Ua ke Soros on Sea ge OE eer re go Ts nine gure fener etme ey Schipper vanesr ies Sian Ceres Ee 85 one SE Ste er 1 agen on Pei ‘eS Geary ee Mh ha SESE ately acre oc 135136 GsborAgston stan aqui a wll as “Sion Rast” Be of oemen sip CORSE eta mary confer gare in ier Oe Teepe to Sci he be qos of ee ad he Saya pn ne 1 oe asia the irate be owed [ipsa ese he coy we of hep or he ie Tots Sete ae ne mn advange four Mey’ mia oer aoe fe roman)" Dring th ong Wa of 10-1, the Oran Sa ihe Cun’ per ose Hasan Ka a Aki, Seine nthe ttt Mersin 196 corpse inh rte. TREADS rte at the peat edhe rst ne pe SEEEE SSS ond scuedsaed fvstage over the Ooms ne FUG oe dace ween Twine penomenan as bere Spon antenrary Otaman cbs ‘The Ostman Response and the Shiftin Power “Tuequsion sso what eet the oan itary machine wale lecpru thine derepmenis Acct commen ws the Earp ears eclton one with the prem of he langage cet ERE feny se Alo sing np) gavethe Wester world a device sikesS ever wer sor Eurepean ple By the lov of te iether ‘MhtersBurye:rehngontperiorsavaltedloy andfrepowerwascety RET cocuopen arena and wae sbeto exten sheen of SERS nd oy i ping the tenant etary ths vantage I | cere Sai dminsonbecnung se” i the cngoest ose the [etic contac sere did st eneauntr any apr opption with Peer eaten of he Otome re ante, y the beng fe agen en tree’ te of een ee earn FE eee a sera Gam om oe Theron Fe ee nt pt, sna fa Alta ve De sete cart mr reed Noe sn Fee Tesh abe dhe At und Woe de Regen” Arch fr ech ap Si cc a i Sega fa eee aaa Seen laa imental Habsburg and Otomans seen centuyemergala ntsc gunpomder emp bothonsnsndian Inthe ncn withing the Western allege atest etl thee of toe ‘teh cry amc sed lee te eveciseth cnr ond) the Ota? wings and ty o adopt wenn nal Sod gunpowder ‘ehnoogy ere of ers porn Inthe anus f Ween ry cology ote ont nde pried tradein weaponry and war ates played an equal po {ane Weapons sine ncaa ehp and forse daring alba es iu eps ar elas gue supe or imped i he West pve he Nine ‘heoppertuny to bem sane wiht ype wenponeand try ‘ecg. open seeps slr ener and auracor, ganze ad {coke who sre th lan nd aap the tomar the pdcon ane ‘heft new weaponeabokeped mary acura, Wetter ith the probed aden weaponry and war ti, promoted the teehee ‘oeranl cee say in weaponry se ary ecology and ered {heir of Buopean open ‘Otunan punpordrtedloy a Cash Par aru i Rien _monapapon the Eaopen ay elon epesting Carle ra ipl’ ‘thn urea oon) wi rae Earn Pe ‘vol he view ta where hi Europes een fm he son lf he ‘heey had devoted get effort te production igh early” fhe Ova to espe ifn of he Bp dtr end ‘tine oct an edad pat guns ‘along Cols argumentation Taher stated hat oe of te reasons fo the tendo brtorannee of the Onorare i "ly In mane ypining tl stoking manure es moder bu pa pan ESemgoenty fhe Ook oh om Europes mp, ee depen on rps pore weaponry ap war teal onder to met the Earp ‘haltngeeactooidte pater dominate We Acclingtosreenty bate, povoesive menogreph thing weapon hada aching ‘So ccomani ural snd ton consequence ate coureconcrned than ha fren ben ase ee ee oe, papers reese an ‘Masuonanan Ware at St he Sate Cnr Cambage Cambie Unie rae ee teeta eee Seen eee ens isnot eerste ete SEZ Wrest eo 137138 ior hyoton nite of th Oma he ing po flee oe te ata teu hase Onto, nde tr yah airy aerial enn, ame Spend on Water sare Pees, Tn siping td exosing wos pie Pe COREL SRUS Ines tenn apie he sso Hangs Sco Hangan teri 18505 sui ered i ets Pee ear mph the ain eon fr he Otomany ty (eS pe shrage ae ot i ree neo) ity tee orc ach ht ely be sed yaa Eo CER Sis eer per work nan pt a ae ee, Maroy rhc tho on ote OSM SURE neo git the aplasia 2 TOSSES pote hr he incur nse“ ibe eer OSE tome cs hosp ast eng be OMe! SII ewe tt nes tn" Hearued tthe Ooo wee Poe ech ond buch import yspowde oder 1 spplemest serrata mene: by ert oertenth cnr the aot ESE panties o Nt rman por were ‘Eitan ancl inthe sup of the Onean wor nahn Se ere sper eer he they” cre “Speen ho Ren ernst ted en abel ata demote tt he Ot pes a pps weary tt were arate er Cistin tnmat Jour ofan wi dotted salad medi Soe re. SUE, conerel hooves th Ottoman oase ws Bbw (SEURESGLR qustadntnen teenploymest of Bape epesand sil ands hom ad str ocr made od heal emt alten teen cer Daring os Bt aa et iecane nce ico herp pcr ih be p= etl etaiusantodsct she bupeen armament enemas Leeann UnnantyPon72 SeaV ars ‘contr ee cae mar ‘TERMS gaan te Ouoman ae tani be Adoption of Wester ely Fann ee ce ech itary appemanin ore aan peat eb feos cea and ser ints pov ad snd in geal fl sh of how of the nope pes By ete te compete Eran war nd ws | np gusset als gunna ups he Omran Emp oul no longer. "har ate dpendecebeoy concerned teres naval idence to suppers Resa in tama schivs showed htt thee ofthe ‘Soeleonh cary ti Ottomans pose suicent meant fa makes {lt ondnace nd spy er army with weaponry and aun asin Fanury an ay eb he ning carps of 187 a 68h ae mor putas ecsdeake amount fe fo 2 European merchant fn Sanwa theanery bog 290 kar fled ad May fbr consent (10 kata Ths, hese to crag ors! alos 9 per cnt [tthe tal supy of ad 960 Fane) eae In this period of tne ‘Je dt coir our one underage the Oats ned for nropesn nd end "Font gunpowse however wat ae en fret In Fer 185 emperor bougit SLanargorpowdr fos European ‘Meehan eo utter cnignmentso( Sand Stanton ego8 “homin Aplnt fh Nove 16 spect Inter words the amaryl Srp 25 tnt of powder fm eral source, whees the a apply of Fisporde ne 8 ante wes ony nfananry 170s te conten fhe ce sty of Kad (Karon) wih ended the Lange Tony beta the Orton and the trem of the Hay Leng, ut we come ao ame cnsdae amount Ur gurpontor puch fo an Engl merchant A that ine the incon of ‘Belper anmory ws 2108 hats pamper otf which 1208 kata sree bought vn so EngichanAtor ving we 20a of gunpowder ‘Geremnining meat nthe pera arery was ony 1468 tants ough ‘leangeacheabaustng angcampaigs thereto weaponry ad a atria Imig ove been ofsomeinprtance asin oth incompasson ith ‘capcty odors poson and withthe nods and megan of he Imgeral amg Trolls rete th shortage inanuurton pp weed either ty then a a moter or by he suposed Seine of England Dutch (pore Ssh aon doe ot engageent a taco eft mans trtapr an compmoncaons were obo fester sae name ‘eho wepony nd nsmantonanufcag plant erected a ieent [re ses ccnp st ows ls tether of WE SER eet Ae tala 105) 8 9 Zeta Bon tna lle e270» 5 Eran aint my enn aon 139140 or Agonton What a moe seine or he np snaton core ti he mp at tet room withthe Earpean suppose the Coan one ee esr alee ni meducone wide-ranging eRe creado nope Hover fe tee ruc ado Fea Ha aan pace, rt ofthe Earp sates wee abe © cane Cerwin mis wi the ees weaponry ar mas Far ne weap wee of Mpher qu an thse fhe Oras Fe meted by ten osrpped th mighty eval aly he Pree acon mary ecology and know, tt bon sac Be a a ye lett so saepaoage, which wre ot ee inroce x promeingt devlpat ofthe aropean ry “Tons, hee hat es nthe the prsumad ify a the tema tay weal gps he dione recent hy ‘ee rasp italy the supplyo expen adimiton wicked Seay kee ter thee cs of ase eke ny Oe kam wh hee weapons and rues were mobi saan une teter wos te backrest ater ha ‘amas arte guns ge the acreage tothe Europea Do TEUSER oper dee anda ce fhcent and sph sippy est sae Siereee mtb fra acs concen. 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