1) Biguanides --> decrease HEPATIC (liver) glucose formation.

"Metformin (Glucophage)"
-It increases peripheral glucose uptake & decreases both basal & postmeal BG
-Take it w/ food
-mointor LL & KK
- LACTIC ACIDOSIS -adverse reaction
-hold 24-48 hrs before & after ivy dye
2) Sulfonylurea agents --> inhibit K+ channels in BETA CELLS which increases insulin release (3
main drugs)
"Glipizide (Glucotrol)"
-take 30 min before meals
-KK function
-Adverse effects --> HYPOGLYCEMIA, disulfram like effects (GI disturbances)
-Avoid NSAIDs (pg 1428 -- all the meds that interact w/ Sulgonylurea agents)
"Micronase (Glyburide)"
5) Miglitinide Analogs --> similar action & adverse effect to Sulfonylureas.
"Nateglinide (Starlix)"
-rapidly absorbed & stimulates insulin secretion within 20 min
-taken just before meals to control mealtime hyperglycemia & improves overall glycemic control
-adverse effect -- HYPOGLYCEMIA
-if skipping meal, also skip dose to reduce risk of hypoglycemia
Incretin Memetics (GLP-1 agonist)
Exenatide (Byetta)
-increases insulin secretion by increasing CAMP levels within the cell
-decreases glucagon release
-Adverse effects PANCREATITIS, GI disturbances