Two-Way Analysis of

Variance
NOTE: a Multivariate AVOVA (MANOVA)- includes multiple dependent
variables
Factorial Designs

Used to investigate the effects of multiple factors

(independent variables) on a single dependent
variable.

Examples of Factor combinations

2x2 Gender (Male-Female) & Depression (High-Low)

DV = suicide attempts

2x3 Gender (Male-Female) & Region (North, South, West)

DV = smoking rates

2x2x4 Gender (Male-Female) & Depression (High-Low)

(3-way) & Treatment (Waitlist, CBT, Medication, CBT +
Meds)
DV = depression scores
 Main Effects


Does each factor (independent variable) have an

effect on the dependent variable?

 For Each Factor:

You can state a null hypothesis, stating that the DV
will not vary as a function of the IV.

You can calculate an F test to determine if you

should reject the null hypothesis.
 Interaction Effects


Does variable A have a different effect at one level of

variable B than at another level of Variable B?
or
Does the effect of one variable vary as a function of
some other variable?

For Each Interaction:

You can state a null hypothesis, stating that the
DV will not vary as a function of the IV.

You can calculate an F test to determine if you

should reject the null hypothesis.
Decision Making Style and Complexity
DV = differentiation score; ability to differentiate
between the best and worst cars;
higher scores = better performance
More Examples of Main Effects
and Interactions
 DV = probability of a female student
being sexually harassed
 IV = gender (male/female)
 IV = length of hair for hypothetical
woman in vignette (all else in vignette
was constant)
Main effect for gender
Main effect for hair length
Main effects for gender and
hair length
Main effect for gender and a
gender X hair length
interaction
Main effect for hair length and
a gender X hair length
interaction
No main effects but a gender X
hair length interaction