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Web architecture and Components

Web architecture:
It is a foundation technology and principle that supports the web. This report will
give simple definition to all the terms of Web Architecture.
Internet Service Providers (ISP)
ISP also known as Internet service provider. It is a service provider that supplies
the user with internet. ISP not only provides internet access to the individual user
or home user but also to large organisations like school, office and business
organisation. Some of the ISP here are:
AAISP
ICUK
BT
Virgin Media

Web hosting services

It is an internet hosting service that allows user or business organisation to make
their webpage accessible other users through the web. What web hosting
services do is store users website in web server which is connected to the
internet and when someone accesses the webpage, server sends user the
webpages.
World Wide Web
World Wide Web is system of URLs and hyperlinks by which documents and
resources are identified. It is accessed via application software called web
browser like Internet explorer and google chrome which has all the text, pictures
and multimedia etc.

Domain Structure
Domain structure is a layout of web address which consists of information within
web address. Domain structure consists of top-level domain like: gov, org, Edu,
com etc., second-level domain which is the name registered by the user and sub
domain which is a name assigned to web server that operates along top-level
and second-level domain.
www.facebook.com
Domain name registrars
Domain name registrars are the companies that helps you to register your
unique domain name. Every registration must go through domain registrars and
user usually pays for registering their unique domain. Some of the famous
domain registrars are:
GoDaddy
123 reg

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Web architecture and Components

Dream host
Name.com
Components:
There are two type of components that helps user to connect to the internet.
They are:
Hardware components
Under hardware lies router. Its main function is to connect multiple networks (like
LANs, WANs) and devices together and also to forward packets to specific
network. Router are also responsible for handling data packets. Data packets
gets transferred through router to router until it reaches its destination. There are
two types of router;
One is wired router which connects to multiple devices and provide them with
internet connection or share files with the help of Ethernet cable. Other one is
wireless router which uses radio waves to transmit signal can connect multiple
devices together. This type of router is most commonly used in homes.
Proxy server is a dedicated computer or just a computer software that acts as an
intermediary between your web browser or endpoint devices and the internet/
other servers. Proxy server is now mostly replaced by Network Address
Translation (NAT) which is built in router.
Mail server may be a computer or software that acts as your virtual post office. It
transports the email from users to users within same networks and different
networks through their unique email address.
Software components
Web browser is application software that allows user to use the internet and
interact with it. Browser displays the web contents which is received from various
servers in the form of packets.
Email is a basically an electronic mail. It is received via mail server, and can be
viewed in the web browser. Email has and is addressed to an email address. This
email address determines where email is supposed to go.

Protocols:
Protocols are set of rules for exchanging data between one nodes in the network
to another. Protocols are required by computers systems and
telecommunications to exchange information/messages.
Internet uses TCP/IP protocol and it has four layer architecture.

4.Application
Layer

This layer defines the protocol and how this layer will
interact with transport layer.

3.Transport

This layer defines how data will transmit between the

hosts.

2.Network Layer
1.Network access
Layer

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Web architecture and Components

Internet protocol works on thin layer which contain source and destination
This layer defines how the actual data is sent and received through the network.

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure
(HTTPS) lies in the application layer of TCP/IP. It is used in structure and frame
work of network.

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