Professional Documents
Culture Documents
“Q U A L I T Y O F W O R K L I F E ”
IN BHEL
By
DESH RAJ
Roll No. : - 1284
Submitted to the
SOLAN
Mr. D. Pant
I hereby declare that the project entitled “Quality of Work Life” in BHEL submitted for partial
fulfillment for the award of the degree of Master of Business Administration is my original work
and the observations and suggestions in this report are based on the information collected by me
during the training.
The matter presented in this Project Report has not been submitted by me for the award of any
other degree of this or any other University.
There is always a sense of gratitude one expresses to others for the helpful and needy service
they render during all phases of life. I have completed his training with the help of different
personalities. I wish to express my gratitude towards all of them.
First of all I would like to thank the Management at BHEL for giving me the opportunity to do
my two-month project training in their esteemed organization.
I owe profound sense of regards & gratitude towards Mr. K.S. Bhandari (Sen. Manager-HR),
Mr. D. Pant (our training coordinator) who has Continuously guided & supported me in all the
tasks by giving me valuable insight into issues like The meaning of HR practices, its uses,
objectives and tools as well as steps to be considered in Developing and studying an
organizational structure.
I am thankful to my Faculty Guide Mr. Kuldeep Rojhe, Mr. Udey Mttal, Ms. Salochna Rojhe,
Ms. Nisha & Ms. Yasmin Janjhua for the continual support and guidance extended towards the
result-oriented approach for the completion of this project. My heartfelt gratitude and warm
salutations are also due to Prof. J.B. Nadda, the Director of School of Business Management,
for creating an enabling environment for carrying out such a pragmatic project.
I would also like to thank my sister Miss Priyanka Bhandari, Executive HR-ITC Ltd., for
providing me valuable help all the time during my summer training in BHEL. Her constant
inspiration and guidance helped in the development of this project.
Lastly I would like to thank my parents and friends for their constant support during the duration
of my training.
DESH RAJ
As the work culture changes drastically in the recent years, the traditional concept of work to
fulfil humans’ basic needs are also facing out. The basic needs are continued to diversify and
change according to the evolution of the work system and standards of living of a workforce.
So with this reference the project titled “Quality of Work Life” has been conducted, in Bharat
Heavy Electricals Limited, Ranipur-Haridwar.
QWL provides for the balanced relationship among work, non-work and family aspects of life. In
other words, family life and social life should not be strained by working hours including
overtime work, work during inconvenient hours, business travel, transfers, vacations, etc.
The project is aimed to cover maximum knowledge of the HR practices followed in the
organization for maintaining a balance between work and non-work life of employees. How the
work culture affect the performance of employees, what motivates the employees to work.
This report is formulated after a thorough research and is based on the information given by the
company personal, through questionnaire filled by the employees & by observing all the
activities taking place in the H.R. department.
With reference to the HR Practices brief knowledge has been gained how the Recruitment cycle
functions, Selection done, the steps of performance appraisal.
BHEL support and provide facilities to their employees to help them to balance the scales. In this
process, BHEL are coming up with new and innovative ideas to improve the quality of work and
quality of work life of every individual in the organization. Various programs like, alternative
work schedules, education for children’s of employees, medical services, community centers,
health clubs, sports clubs, shopping centers, telecommuting etc., are being adopted by BHEL.
Bibliography 86
Appendix 87-90
The aim of the study was to understand the quality of work life of employees in BHEL Haridwar.
This involved study of functioning and operations at BHEL Haridwar with special emphasis on
the different activities related to management of Human Resource at BHEL such as training and
development, compensation and rewards, welfare activities, job security etc.
To get an account of the welfare activities being laid down for the employees.
To gain an insight into current working life policies and practices, as well as work-life
balance issues.
BHEL is a large public sector organization, which has an excellent record of making profits over
a number of years. It is an interesting subject to study the quality of work life in such a large
organization. It if felt that the organization is concerned mainly with the activities going on
during the office hours. The employee’s responsibilities and various benefits go hand in hand.
Everything that an organization provides to an employee in and away from the office has a direct
or indirect effect on his performance. By providing a better QWL to the employees, the
organization can achieve the following results:
BHEL Haridwar, being a public sector organization has achieved these results by providing a
better quality of work life to its employees inside and outside the workplace. Facilities like
canteens, dispensaries at the work place & facilities like education for children’s of employees,
medical services, community centers, health club, sports club, shopping centers, peeth bazaar’s
(weekly) & theatres etc, outside the work place.
As BHEL Haridwar is an entire township away from the main city, the life of each employee is
limited mostly in the township area only. Are the basic needs being fulfilled? Is he provided with
all the facilities he requires?
This concept gave me the idea to conduct a survey in BHEL, Haridwar to know what measures
they take to improve the QWL of their employees.
B harat Heavy Electricals Ltd. (BHEL) is the largest engineering and manufacturing
enterprise of its kind in India and is one of the leading international companies in the field
of power equipment manufacture. The first plant of BHEL, set up at Bhopal in 1956, signaled the
dawn of the Heavy Electrical Industry in India. In the sixties, three more major plants were set
up at Haridwar, Hyderabad and Tiruchirapalli that form the core of the diversified product range,
systems and services that BHEL offers today. BHEL’s range of services extends from project
feasibility studies to after-sales service, successfully meeting diverse needs through turnkey
capability. The company has 14 manufacturing units, 4 power sector regions, 8 service centers
and 15 regional offices, besides project sites spread all over India and abroad. BHEL has a well
recognized track record of performance, making profits continuously since 1971-72 and paying
dividends since 1976-77.
BHEL manufactures over 180 products under 30 major product groups and caters to core sectors
of the Indian economy viz., Power Generation and Transmission, Industry, Transportation,
Renewable Energy etc. The quality and reliability of its products is due to the emphasis on
design, engineering and manufacturing to international standards by acquiring and adapting some
of the best technologies from leading companies in the world, together with technologies
developed in its own R&D centers. The Company has been constantly adapting itself to face the
challenges thrown-up by the business environment.
BHEL has already attained ISO 9000 certification for quality management and all the
manufacturing units /divisions have been upgraded to the latest ISO 9001-2000 version. BHEL
has also secured ISO 14001 certification for environmental management systems & OHSAS -
18001 certification for occupational health and safety management systems for all its
units/divisions. BHEL is continuing its journey towards Business Excellence.
BHEL has committed to support the Global Compact & the set of core values enshrined in its ten
principles in the areas of human rights, labour standards and environment.
BHEL has proven turnkey capabilities for executing power projects from Concept-to
Commissioning. The Company has introduced new rating thermal sets of 270 MW, 525 MW &
600 MW in subcritical range and possesses the technology and capability to produce large
capacity thermal sets with super critical parameters and, advanced-class gas turbine-generator
sets. Co-generation and combined cycle plants have been introduced to achieve higher plant
BHEL is one of the few companies worldwide, involved in the development of Integrated
Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) technology which would usher in clean coal technology.
BHEL has set up Asia’s first 6.2 MW IGCC power plant with an indigenously designed
pressurised fluidised bed gasifier.
Industries
BHEL is a leading manufacturer of a variety of electrical, electronic and mechanical equipment,
to meet the demands of a number of industries, like metallurgical, mining, cement, paper,
fertilizers, refineries & petro-chemicals etc. other than power utilities. BHEL has supplied
systems and individual products including a large number of co-generation Captive power plants,
Centrifugal compressors, Drive Turbines, Industrial boilers and auxiliaries, Waste heat recovery
boilers, Gas turbines, Pumps, Heat exchangers, Electrical machines, Valves, Heavy castings and
forgings, Electrostatic precipitators, ID/FD fans, Seamless pipes etc. to a number of industries
other than power utilities. BHEL has also emerged as a major supplier of controls and
instrumentation systems, especially distributed digital control systems for various power plants
and industries.
BHEL is the leading company in the world having mastered the art of burning Naptha in Gas
Turbines.
Transportation
Today, over 70% of Indian Railways, one of the largest railway networks in the world is
equipped with traction equipment built by BHEL. BHEL's involvement in the transportation
sector has been marked with rapid growth. Most of the trains in Indian Railways, whether
BHEL also undertakes retrofitting and overhauling of rolling stock. In the area of urban
transportation, BHEL is geared up for turnkey execution of electric trolley bus systems, light rail
systems and metro systems. BHEL is contributing to the supply of electrics for EMUs for
15000V DC & 25 kV AC to Indian Railways. Almost all the EMUs in service are with electrics
manufactured and supplied by BHEL.
BHEL has also diversified into the area of track maintenance machines and coach building for
Indian Railways and undertakes retrofitting and overhauling of rolling stock
Renewable Energy
BHEL has been manufacturing and supplying a range of Renewable Energy products and
systems. It includes Photo Voltaic modules and systems. BHEL has supplied stand alone Power
Plants of ratings up to 150 KW peak, usually used as Distributed Power generation plants. The
Company has capability to design and execute grid connected MW sized PV plants.
BHEL is actively associated with the development and adoption of Wind Power and
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) projects in India and abroad.
In addition, BHEL fabricates space-grade solar panels and space-quality batteries for satellites
launched by ISRO. BHEL is also supplying small hydro power plants (up to 25 MW station
capacities) for distributed power generation.
Transmission
BHEL supplies a wide range of products and systems for transmission and distribution
applications.
The products manufactured by BHEL include power transformers, instrument transformers, dry
type transformers, shunt reactors, capacitors, vacuum and SF6 switchgear, gas insulated
switchgears, ceramic insulators, etc. BHEL has developed and commercialized the country’s first
indigenous 36 kV Gas Insulated Substation (GIS) and has also developed 145 kV GIS which has
undergone successful field trials at Hyderabad.
For enhancing the power transfer capability and reducing transmission losses in 400 kV lines,
BHEL has indigenously developed and executed a number of fixed series compensation
schemes. BHEL has indigenously developed and commercialized state-of-the-art 400 kV
Controlled Shunt Reactor (CSR) for reactive power management of long transmission lines.
With a strong engineering base, the Company undertakes turnkey execution of
substations/switchyards up to 400 kV and has the capability to execute 765 kV projects. High
International Business
BHEL has, over the years, established its references in more than 70 countries across all
inhabited continents of the world. These references encompass almost the entire range of BHEL
products and services, covering Thermal, Hydro and Gas-based turnkey power projects,
Substation projects, and Rehabilitation projects, besides a wide variety of products like:
Transformers, Compressors, Valves and Oil Field Equipment, Electrostatic Precipitators,
Photovoltaic Equipment, Insulators, Heat Exchangers, Switchgears, Castings and Forgings etc.
Some of the major successes achieved by BHEL have been in Gas-based power projects in
Oman, Libya, Malaysia, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, China, Kazakhstan;
Thermal power projects in Cyprus, Malta, Libya, Egypt, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Sudan,
Syria, Ethiopia, Senegal, New Caledonia; Hydro power plants in New Zealand, Malaysia,
Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Nepal, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Vietnam, Rwanda, Thailand, Afghanistan; and
substation projects & equipment in various countries. Execution of these overseas projects has
also provided BHEL the experience of working with world-renowned Consulting Organisations
and Inspection Agencies.
The Company has been successful in meeting demanding requirements of International markets,
in terms of complexity of the works as well as technological, quality and other requirements viz.,
HSE requirements, financing packages and associated O&M services, to name a few. BHEL has
proved its capability to undertake projects on fast-track basis.
BHEL has also established its versatility meet the other varying needs of various sectors, be it
captive power, utility power generation or for the oil sector. Besides undertaking turnkey
projects on its own, BHEL also possesses the requisite flexibility to interface and complement
other International companies for large projects, and has also exhibited adaptability by
manufacturing and supplying intermediate products.
Guided by the HRD Mission Statement “To promote and inculcate a value-based culture
utilizing the fullest potential of Human Resources for achieving the BHEL Mission” HRDI,
through a step by - step strategic long-term training process and several short-term need-based
programs based on comprehensive organizational research, enable its human resources to unearth
and polish their potential.
HRDI is spearheading the HRD initiatives in the Company and focusing on competency,
commitment and culture building.
All manufacturing units/regions of the Company are accredited to international standards viz.
ISO-14001 certification for environmental management and OHSAS-18001 certification for
occupational health and safety management systems.
The Company reiterates its commitment to United Nation’s Global Compact Program and the set
of core values enshrined in its ten principles on human rights, labour standards, environment and
anticorruption and intend to advance G.C. principles within the Company’s sphere of influence
and has made it a part of its strategy, culture and day-to-day operations.
DG Power Plants
HSD, LDO, FO, LSHS, natural gas/biogas-based diesel generator power plants, unit rating of up
to 20 MW and voltage up to 11 kV, for emergency, peaking as well as base load operations on
turnkey basis.
Boilers
Steam generators for utilities, ranging from 30 to 500 MW capacity, using coal, lignite,
oil, natural gas or a combination of these fuels; capability to manufacture boilers with
supercritical parameters up to 1000 MW unit size.
Steam generators for industrial applications, ranging from 40 to 450 t/hour capacity,
using coal, natural gas, industrial gases, biomass, lignite, oil or a combination of these
fuels.
Pulverised fuel fired boilers.
Stoker boilers.
Atmospheric fluidised bed combustion boilers.
Circulating fluidised bed combustion boilers.
Heat-recovery steam generators.
Chemical recovery boilers for paper industry, ranging from capacity of 100 to 1000 t/day
of dry solids.
Pressure vessels.
Boiler Auxiliaries
Fans
Axial reaction fans of single stage and double stage for clean air application, with
capacity ranging from 25 to 800m3/s and pressure ranging from 120 to 1,480 m of gas
column.
Axial impulse fans for both clean air and flue gas applications, with capacity ranging
from 7 to 600m3/s and pressure up to 700m of gas column.
BHEL Haridwar has a constant track record of growth performance and profitability. BHEL
Haridwar is located against the picturesque shivalik foothills of Himalayas and on the bank of
Holy River Ganga, at Ranipur near Haridwar.
The Heavy Electricals Equipment Plant (HEEP) is on the northern side of the BHEL Haridwar.
This plant was set up in technical collaboration with USSR, for the manufacture of power plant
equipment, AC/DC motors of various since with associated control equipment & started
production in January 1967. The core business of HEEP includes design and manufacture of
large steam and gas turbines, turbo generators, hydro turbines and generators, large AC/DC
motors and so on. HEEP over the years has acquired the competence to manufacture higher size
thermal sets by optimizing the utilization of existing capacities, modernization of machine tools
& installation of CNC machines.
HEEP Haridwar has exported its products to Iran, Russia and Germany. The products exported
include condensers for 800MW thermal sets, turbine rotors, Curtis wheel blades, gas turbine
combustion chambers, haulage winches and electrical machines.
CFFP
The Central Foundry Forge Plant was set up with FRENCH collaboration for the production of
alloy steel casting and forging required completing the production profile of BHEL.
The CFFP started construction in 1974 and production was commenced in 1976. CFFP has been
supplying sophisticated castings used in power sector. Critical forging manufactured by CFFP
includes HP, IP AND LP rotors and discs, etc. CFFP is mainly engaged in manufacture of Steel
Castings: Up to 50 Tons per Piece Wt & Steel Forgings: Up to 55 Tons per Piece Wt. CFFP is
further upgrading and augmenting facilities in the high growth and high technical area. The plant
has set up a 9000-tonne Forging Press, higher capacity arc furnaces and other facilities to
manufacture heavy forging.
CFFP has been recognized as a well-known steel maker Foundry and Forge master by Indian
Boiler Board. The American Bureau of shipping has also approved CFFP for manufacture of
casting and forging for Shio Building Industry.
HEEP & CFFP have been awarded ISO-9001 and ISO-9002 certificates respectively. HEEP &
CFFP units of BHEL, Haridwar have also been awarded ISO-14001.
A Rs. 5 Crore Pollution Control Research Institute has also been set up at Haridwar with
assistance from UNDP (Unified Nations Development Program) to develop new technologies for
prevention of air, water, noise and solid waste pollution. The institute has already conducted a
number of studies on the effect of emission of industrial pollutants in and around industries and
thermal power station. The institute is rendering Consultancy Services to a large number of
government and private organization to control industrial pollutants.
The institute is equipped with most modern monitoring and analytical instruments and powered
by a team of highly qualified engineers and scientists. Fully operational, since 1990, the institute
has already provided services to over
65 organizations in country
Service Offered:
The term refers to the favourableness or unfavourableness of a total job environment for people.
QWL programs are another way in which organisations recognise their responsibility to
develop jobs and working conditions that are excellent for people as well as for economic
health of the organisation. The elements in a typical QWL program include – open
communications, equitable reward systems, a concern for employee job security and satisfying
careers and participation in decision making. Many early QWL efforts focus on job enrichment.
In addition to improving the work system, QWL programs usually emphasis development of
employee skills, the reduction of occupational stress and the development of more co-operative
labour-management relations.
Human resource departments are involved with efforts to improve productivity through changes
in employee relations. QWL means having good supervision, good working conditions, good pay
and benefits and an interesting, challenging and rewarding job. High QWL is sought through an
A Rationale:
Job specialization and simplification were popular in the early part of this century. Employees
were assigned narrow jobs and supported by a rigid hierarchy in the expectation that efficiency
would improve. The idea was to lower cost by using unskilled workers who could be easily
trained to do a small, repetitive part of each job.
Many difficulties developed from that classical job design, however. There was excessive
division of labour. Workers became socially isolated from their co-workers because their highly
specialized jobs weakened their community of interest in the whole product. De-skilled workers
lost pride in their work and became bored with their jobs. Higher-order (social and growth) needs
were left unsatisfied. The result was higher turnover and absenteeism, declines in quality and
alienated workers. Conflict often arose as workers sought to improve their conditions and
organisations failed to respond appropriately. The real cause was that in many instances the job
itself simply was not satisfying.
Job enrichment takes a different approach by adding additional motivators to a job to make it
more rewarding. It was developed by Frederick Herzberg on the basis of his studies indicating
that the most effective way to motivate workers was by focusing on higher-order needs. Job
enrichment seeks to add depth to a job by giving workers more control, responsibility and
Higher Order
Job enrichment Job enrichment and
enlargement
FOCUS ON DEPTH
Many Few
NUMBER OF TASKS
In the above figure we see that job enrichment focuses on satisfying higher-order needs, while
job enlargement concentrates on adding additional tasks to the worker’s job for greater variety.
The two approaches can even be blended, by both expanding the number of tasks and adding
more motivators, for a two-pronged attempt to improve QWL.
Individual:
Growth
Self-actualisation
Job satisfaction
Organisation:
Intrinsically
JOB motivated
employees
ENRICHMENT
Better employee
BENEFITS performance
Less absenteeism
and turnover; fewer
grievances
Society:
Its general result is a role enrichment that encourages growth and self-actualisation. The job is
built in such a way that intrinsic motivation is encouraged. Because motivation is increased,
performance should improve, thus providing both a more humanised and a more productive job.
Negative effects also tend to be reduced, such as turnover, absences, grievances and idle time. In
this manner both the worker and society benefit. The worker performs better, experiences greater
job satisfaction and becomes more self-actualised, thus being able to participate in all life roles
more effectively. Society benefits from the more effectively functioning person as well as from
better job performance.
In trying to build motivational factors, management also gives attention to maintenance factors.
It attempts to keep maintenance factors constant or higher as the motivational factors are
increased. If maintenance factors are allowed to decline during an enrichment program, then
employees may be less responsive to the enrichment program because they are distracted by
inadequate maintenance. The need for a systems approach in job enrichment is satisfied by the
practice of gain sharing.
The best way of approaching quality of life measurement is to measure the extent to which
people's 'happiness requirements' are met-i.e., those requirements which are a necessary
(although not sufficient) condition of anyone's happiness - those 'without which no member of
the human race can be happy.'
“Quality of work life designs are based on the individual’s ability to make judgements about what
is or is not desirable in the workplace.”
What is Quality?
“Quality is the ability of a product or service to consistently meet or exceed customer
expectations.”
What is work?
“Work can be defined as the application of discretion within limits in order to produce a result”
What is of life?
QOL may be defined as subjective well-being. Recognizing the subjectivity of QOL is a key to
understanding this construct. QOL reflects the difference, the gap, between the hopes and
expectations of a person and their present experience. Human adaptation is such that life
expectations are usually adjusted so as to lie within the realm of what the individual perceives to
Quality of Life is tied to perception of 'meaning'. The quest for meaning is central to the human
condition, and we are brought in touch with a sense of meaning when we reflect on that which
we have created, loved, believed in or left as a legacy.
- Frankl VE. 'Man's search for meaning.' New York: Pocket Books, 1963.
The economic interests of people drive them to work at a job and employee satisfaction depends
at least partially, on the compensation offered. Pay should be fixed on the basis of the work done,
responsibilities undertaken, individual skills, performance and accomplishments. The committee
on Fair Wages defined fair wage as “the wage which is above the minimum wage but below the
living Wage.” Job security is another factor that is of concern to employees. Permanent
employment provides security to the employees and improves their QWL.
Organizations should realize that their true wealth lies in their employees and so providing a
healthy work environment for employees should be their primary objective. Most of the
organisations provide safe and healthy working conditions due to humanitarian requirements
and/or legal requirements. In fact, these conditions are a matter of enlightened self-interest.
Contrary to the traditional assumptions, QWL is improved the extent that the worker can
exercise more control over his or her work, and the degree to which the job embraces an entire
meaningful task” but not a part of it. Further, QWL provides for opportunities like autonomy in
work and participation in planning in order to use human capabilities.
Opportunities for promotions are limited in case of all categories of employees either due to
educational barriers or due to limited openings at the higher level. QWL provides future
opportunity for continued growth and security by expanding one’s capabilities, knowledge and
qualifications and prepare them to accept responsibilities at higher levels.
QWL provides constitutional protection to the employees only to the level of desirability as it
hampers workers. It happens because the management’s action is challenged in every action and
bureaucratic procedures need to be followed at that level. Constitutional protection is provided to
employees on such matters as privacy, free speech, equity and due process.
Organizations should provide relaxation time for the employees and offer tips to balance their
personal and professional lives. They should not strain employee’s personal and social life by
QWL is concerned about the establishment of social relevance to work in a socially beneficial
manner. The workers’ self-esteem would be high if his work is useful to the society and the vice
versa is also true.
IKlott, Mundick and Schuster suggested 11 major QWL issues. They are:
Good pay still dominates most of the other factors in employee satisfaction. Various alternative
means for providing wages should be developed in view of increase in cost of living index,
increase in levels and rates of income tax and profession tax. Stability to a greater extent can be
provided by enhancing the facilities for human resource development.
Is a condition of strain on one’s emotions, thought process and physical condition. Stress is
determined by the nature of work, working conditions, working hours, pause in the work
schedule, worker’s abilities and nature and match with the job requirements. Stress is caused due
to irritability, hyper-excitation or depression, unstable behaviour, fatigue, stuttering, trembling
psychomatic pains, h smoking and drug abuse. Stress adversely affects employ productivity. The
P/HR manager, in order to minimise the stress, has identify, prevent and tackle the problem. He
may arrange the treatment of the problem with the health unit of the company.
Organisational health programmes aim at educating employees about health problems, means of
maintaining and improving of health, etc. These programmes cover drinking and smoking
cessation, hypertension control, other forms of cardiovascular risk reduction, family planning,
etc. Effective implementation of these programmes result in reduction in absenteeism,
hospitalisation, disability, excessive job turnover and premature death. This programme should
also cover relaxation, physical exercise, diet control, etc.
Alternative work schedules including work at home, flexible working hours, staggered hours,
reduced work week, part-time employment which may be introduced for the convenience and
comfort of the workers as the work which offers the individual the leisure time, flexible hours of
work is preferred.
Trade unions and workers believe that workers’ participation in management and 1e improves
WL. Workers also feel that they have control over their work, use their skills and make a real
contribution to the job if they are allowed participate in creative and decision-making process.
(vi) Recognition
Recognising the employee as a human being rather than as a labourer increases the QWL
Participative management, awarding the rewarding systems, congratulating the employees for
their achievement, job enrichment, offering prestigious designations to the jobs, providing well
furnished and decent work places, offering membership in clubs or association, providing
vehicles, offering vacation trips are some means to recognise the employees.
Workers have a sense of fair treatment’ when the company gives them the opportunity to
ventilate their grievances and represent their case succinctly rather than settling the problems
arbitrarily.
Resources should match with stated objectives; otherwise, employees will not be able to attain
the Objectives. This results in employee dissatisfaction and lower QWL
The strategies for improvement in quality of work life include self-managed work teams,
redesign and enrichment, effective leadership and supervisory behaviour, career development,
alternative work schedules, job security, administrative orgastisational and participating
management.
These are also called autonomous work groups or integrated work teams. These work teams are
formed with 10 to 20 employees who plan, co-ordinate and control the activities of the team with
the help of a team leader who is one among them. Each team performs all activities including
selecting their people. Each team has authority to make decisions and regulate the activities. The
group as a whole is accountable for the success or failure. Salaries are fixed both on the basis of
individual and group achievement.
Narrow jobs can be combined into larger units of accomplishment. Jobs are redesigned with a
view to enriching them to satisfy higher order human needs.
For effective leadership and supervisory behaviour ‘9-9’ style of managerial grid is suitable.
Provision for flexible working hours, part-time employments, job- sharing and reduced work
week should be made.
(vi) Job Security This top the employees’ list of priorities. It should be adequately taken care of.
The principles of justice, fair and equity should be taken care of in disciplinary procedure,
grievance procedures, promotions, transfers, demotion, work assignment, leave, etc.
One of the most common methods used to create QWL is employee involvement. Employee
involvement (EI) consists of a variety of systematic methods that empower employees to
participate in the decisions that affect them and their relationship with the organisation. Through
(EI), employees feel a sense of responsibility, even “ownership” of decisions in which they
participate. To be successful, however, EI must be more than just a systematic approach; it must
become part of the organisation’s culture by being part of management’s philosophy. Some
companies have had this philosophy ingrained in their corporate structure for decades; Hewlett-
Packard, IBM, General Motors, Ford, etc.
Pygmalion Effect
The implications for managers and human resource specialists are to create an organisational
culture that truly treats people as though they are experts at their jobs and empowers them to use
that expertise. When management does this, a Pygmalion effect may result, which occurs when
As a human being we are living in a social structure set-up upon the conventions of the culture
prevailing in the environment under which certain norms & adherence to the practices is
expected for all the members of the society. Similarly, the work culture in BHEL is a composite
mix of various cultural, social & ethical ideologies which acts as a basis and directs the
employees to incorporate the feeling of oneness in personnel objectives with the company’
objective.
BHEL Haridwar takes into consideration a number of factors that are responsible for providing
better quality of work life to the employees.
The services, which it renders to the BHEL employees, can be listed as under:
1. MEDICAL SERVICES:
Medical facilities for BHEL employees started on 12-08-1963.Today, salient features of medical
services can be summed up as follows-
MAIN HOSPITAL 01
PHYSIOTHERAPY CENTRE 01
All employees, their families and dependents are entitled to free medical aid at the company’s
well-equipped hospital and eight dispensaries located in various sectors and in the plant area.
Hospital has specialized OPD and indoor facilities. A school health services scheme provides
regular medical check-up of all the school going children.
BHEL has four well-equipped canteens inside the plant and one staff canteen, which provide
catering facilities to all employees of BHEL. Canteens provide highly subsidized meals, tea and
snacks. There are canteen committees to manage the administration and functioning of the
canteens. These committees have equal number of representatives from workers and
management. Tea and snacks are provided at the workplace during the shift timings.
3. TRANSPORT FACILITIES:
BHEL management has provided subsidized transport facilities to the school going children of
employees for attending duties.
In addition, vehicle allowance and vehicle purchase loan schemes are also there in order to
facilitate the BHEL employees.
4. HOUSING FACILITIES:
BHEL has provided around 8000 houses for different classes of employees, which are divided in
different sectors in the township area. Sector I, II, III, IV, V-A, V-B, & sector – VI. There are
hostels with all modern amenities for the workers and working women. Water and Electricity is
provided to all the houses and hostels in the township round the clock.
To meet the requirement of housing need of older employees GRIH NIRMAN SAMITI was
formed in seventies. Nearly 300 acres of surplus BHEL land was transferred from BHEL to UP
Avas Vikas Parishad.
As on date around 4000 houses have been constructed and civic amenities like roads, parks,
sewerage system is being maintained by Grih Nirman Samiti.
Loan facilities are also provided by BHEL for purchase as well as for renovation of houses at a
subsidy of Rs.41/10000 per month for a maximum loan of Rs.7.5 Lakh through various financial
institutions. Under the scheme to ‘build own house’, a big township named Shivalik Nagar has
come up within BHEL campus with all facilities.
BHEL is contributing in a big way in the field of education as a responsible Corporate Citizen. It
provides infra structural support and effective Management to the various educational
institutions.
BHEL imparts educational facilities to more than 25000 students including students from weaker
section of society. Students with poor economic background are given scholarship.
BHEL has established a BHEL Bal Bhawan, the only institute of its kind in the whole of
Uttaranchal and affiliated to National Bal Bhawan. Bal Bhawan has the facility to train children
in the field of Art, Craft, Creative Writing, English Speaking, Computer Processing, Learn
Science while play, Aero modeling, Dance, Music etc.
6. SECURITY SERVICES:
In BHEL, Haridwar Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) is working prominently in order to
provide total security to all the employees as well as workers in the office, in the township area
and in case of emergency situations like strikes. A separate CISF building is made where training
facilities are also there for the security.
There are various shopping centers in the township in different sectors, which provide almost
everything of daily requirement. P.C.O.’s and gift centers are also present in these shopping
centers .The shops in these centers are owned or hired by private people and are not bound
legally in any way with BHEL.
BHEL has also provided facility of peeth bazaars to the employees and their families’ four days a
week, in which the items can be bought at highly reduced price.
In the township, there are two community centers. They are managed by duly elected executive
body and financed by grant in aid by BHEL and monthly contribution of employees. They
provide all round development for the employees and their wards and various facilities for
community development and social functions for the BHEL employees & their families which
includes-
(b) Games:
Indoor games facilities like chess, carrom, Table Tennis, Badminton, Bridge etc are
provided to the employees and their children. Regularly sports competitions are also
organised, Similarly Outdoor Games & Sports like Foot ball, Hockey, Basket ball, Volley
ball, shooting ball, Cricket and Athletics are being organised throughout the year by the
BHEL Sports Club.
BHEL has only one Khel Bhawan in sector II, who is well equipped with all the modern games
and sport facilities. The games provided are:
(i) Indoor: Table Tennis, Carom, Squash, Billiards & Snooker, Chess & Badminton etc.
(ii) Outdoor: Cricket, Hockey, Football, Basketball, Volley ball, Kabbadi, Athletics etc.
The management of BHEL took a positive step in 1969 and BHEL Sport Club was formed. The
responsibility of sports club is to promote the sports culture among the employees and their
families. The club is organising various coaching camps for children in different disciplines like
Badminton, Table Tennis, Cricket, Swimming, Basket Ball etc. Inter-group competitions are also
help in all the disciplines where teams from different schools of BHEL Township participate.The
events are carried out throughout the year. The aim of the club is to generate the interest of the
employees and their families in sports.
For the convenience of the employees, two counters of banks one each of State Bank of India
and Punjab National Bank are provided inside the plant. A post-office is also provided inside the
plant. A post-office is also provided near the main gate of the factory.
A telecommunication center is also made inside the township in order to facilitate the employees
with telecom services.
BHEL, Haridwar has a well-equipped fire-fighting wing to control fire in emergency. Hydrants
in sufficient number have been installed. Automatic arrangements for fire indications are also
made in critical areas. The periodical drill for firefighting is also arranged inside the plant.
For the implementation of safety rules in the factory as per Factory act 1948, statutory
requirements are fulfilled regularly and inspected by the government authorities. There are
special provisions for fire extinguishing systems, modern safety guards, and control of crane
safety appliances for protection from dust and fumes and automatic fire alarm systems in
accident-prone areas.
After superannuation, all the accumulated money is paid along with interest in one time.
In case of deceased employee, the widow gets the pension.
ELDI is covered under the Group Insurance Scheme and Employee Savings Linked
Insurance Scheme.
Employee Benefits
Leave and Holidays.
Encashment of Earned Leaves.
Railway Confessional Ticket facility.
Medical Attendance Rule.
Retired Employee Contributing Health Scheme.
Conveyance reimbursement for executive.
Conveyance reimbursement for supervisors, non-executive employees.
DRF (Death Relief Fund).
ELDI Scheme.
Group Insurance Scheme.
Accident /medical Insurance Schemes.
Defining the research problem is first necessary step for any research. This work should be done
carefully. Here research problem is to know Quality of Work Life of Employees in BHEL.
Sampling Plan:
03. Sample Size: The selection of 40 respondents was done for the study.
Observation Method:
A keen observation was made on the following activities in the BHEL office-
a) Punctuality of employees.
b) Behavior of employees with one another.
c) Maintenance of discipline by the employees.
Face to face interviews of the employees were taken on how they feel in the organization and
how they feel about the QWL provided by BHEL.
In this a sample of size 40 was taken covering different levels of organization structure and
different departments.
Around 30 questionnaires were distributed among the Workers in the factory premises.10
questionnaires were distributed to the executive level.
After all interviews and/or observations have been made, i have tabulated the collected data &
developed frequency distributions.
Thus the whole data was grouped aspect wise and was presented in tabular from. Thus,
frequencies & percentages were to render impact of the study.
Presentations of findings:
The various reasons given by employees in reference to the question “What you particularly like
about BHEL”
Nice work culture.
Quality of work life.
Continuous learning.
Creativity.
Job Security.
Independent working.
10, 25%
Agree
Disagree
30, 75%
25
20
20
15 A
15
B
10 C
3 D
5 2
0
A B C D
Zeal to excel
Team playing
A B C D
Q. No .6. Are you satisfied by the direction, guidance and support provided by your
superiors?
B. Satisfied 10%
C. Dissatisfied 3%
D. Highly dissatisfied 1%
Q. No .7. How do you feel about the communication process in B.H.E.L., both horizontals and
vertical?
A. Highly satisfied 81.62%
B. Satisfied 7.76%
C. Dissatisfied 6.26%
A. Yes 80.0%
B. No 20.0%
8, 20%
Yes
No
32, 80%
B.) No 25.0%
Yes
No
30, 75%
Q. No .10. How far the promotion policies practiced in your company are fair?
Q. No .11. Are you satisfied with the safety measures being taken by the
Company?
B. Satisfied 01.06%
C. Dissatisfied 00.62%
B. Satisfied 01%
C. Dissatisfied 00%
B. Agree 49%
C. Disagree 13%
2, 5%
5, 13%
13, 33%
A
B
C
D
20, 49%
A. Excellent 30.0%
B. Good 45.0%
C. Average 17.5%
D. Poor 07.5%
Q. No .15. Does the company full fills its social responsibility towards society?
A. Always 99%
D. Not at all _
Q. No .16. There is a balance between stated objectives and resources provided by the BHEL.
B. Satisfied 03.01%
C. Dissatisfied 01.05%
Q. No .18. Any suggestion you would like to give for overall improvement of B.H.E.L. and the
quality in work life?
Working with this organization gave me my first hand experiences of Personnel management
& its various implications in the real life situations which one can only see in the corporate
world where you encounter the persons. BHEL has a bright future.
The efforts made by BHEL, Ranipur to provide a good quality of work life to the employees
are undoubtedly credible. An attitude of belonging ness is constantly shown by the
organization and sincere efforts are made for making the environmental conditions better for
the employees both in the office and at home. The employees are so much satisfied with the
welfare activities of BHEL that they use the following statement as the full form of BHEL :
I learnt how and what types of facilities are being provided to the employees.
I also observed how they are doing the Performance Appraisal on basis of the
achievement of the targets by the employees in the time given to them through ERP.
They emphasis on providing proper working environment to their employees, so that the
employees can work efficiently & smoothly.
The canteen facilities being provided in BHEL are considered to be excellent. The categories
of food (Roti-thali, Puri-thali, Packed food etc.), quality of food and above all their rates are
very nominal to the employees. The subsidized rates of tea and snacks are also quite
attractive.
The employees are very much satisfied with the township facilities like allotment of
residences in the township, round the clock supply of electricity and water, well-maintained
roads, beautiful plantations on the roadside etc.
The transport facilities provided to the employees are also satisfactory, whether it is in the
form of local public transport (bus, tempo etc.) or in the form of transport allowance.
The recreation facilities in BHEL are sufficient enough to entertain the employees. The
indoor and outdoor games, theaters and various competitions arranged time to time help the
employee to maintain a good mental level and creativity.
The banks and post office services are satisfactory and fulfill the basic requirements of the
employees.
All the employees have harmonious relationship with their Bosses, Subordinates and
Colleagues and efforts to maintain this are constantly made by all the employees.
This is depicted by the responses given by the employees in the questionnaire. Most of the
employees, when any problem occurs concern to their immediate bosses or superiors.
The working schedules and the location of the office/workplace suit to the employees of the
BHEL.
Major portion of the workforce in BHEL is motivated by Incentives & bonus and the rest by
Performance appraisal, Increase in facilities etc.
Overall near about all the employees of BHEL give positive responses which confirm that they
are satisfied with the Quality of work life in the organization.
Some of the suggestions, which if accepted and implemented, can definitely acts as a helping
hand to BHEL towards the accomplishment of goal of providing a good quality of work life in a
more efficient and effective manner.
1. Organization must enhance work force motivation to improve productivity. Workers must be
encouraged and motivated to develop a customer satisfaction mind set.
2. At present according to Death Relief Fund Scheme, on the death of any employee, a
contribution of Rs. 5/- each from the whole staff is collected and given to the family of the
demised employee.
Dividing the amount of contribution in to the following categories of working staff in BHEL
according to their designation can modify this scheme:
3. This amount is not only affordable but also desirable since this will besides increasing the
quantum of support to the deceased will also inculcate a feeling of charity & solidarity.
4. Although the medical facilities being provided at BHEL are quite effective but have one
drawback. The numbers of specialist doctors are not adequate. Also the doctors are not
allowed to visit the house of the patients under any circumstances. Even in the case of
emergency the patients have to contact the main hospital, an ambulance is sent to the
patient’s house and the patient is brought to the hospital for treatment.
The doctors should be granted permission for home visit under emergency conditions such
as accidents, heart attacks, and emergency Labour pains etc.
5. The security arrangements should be tightened in the township in order to avoid thefts and
unpleasant offence in the township.
7. The offices of the employees working in the administrative building should be centrally air
conditioned so that they can work in a cool environment.
6.4 CONCLUSION:
The improvement in the Quality of Work life has brought about a lot of changes. For example it
has brought about
As a human being we are living in a social structure. This set-up is based upon the conventions
of the culture, prevailing in the environment under which certain norms & adherence to the
practices is expected for all the members of the society. Similarly, the work culture in BHEL is a
composite mix of various cultural, social & ethical ideologies which acts as a basis and directs
the employees to incorporate the feeling of oneness in personnel objectives with the company’
objective.
Thus, we can say that the BHEL is very caring and considerate to its employees.
Also it is observed & evaluated through a proper analysis of the questionnaire that the
employees are satisfied & contended while working in BHEL under present conditions.
Books:
1. C.B. Mamoria and S.V. Gankar, Personnel Management, Himalaya Publishing House,
2007, pp. 599-603.
3. L.M Prasad, Organisational Behaviour, Sultan Chand & Sons, 2008, pp. 225-228.
5. Robbins, Judge & Sanghi, Organizational Behavior, Pearson Education, 2007, pp. 95-
103.
Sites:
2. http://www.chrmglobal.com/Articles/183/1/Quality-of-Work-Life.html Retrieved
December 20, 2009.
3. http://www.citehr.com/attachments/46140d1236315310-project-quality-work-life-new-
microsoft-word-document.doc?date=1236315310 Retrieved December 20, 2009.
7. http://www.vikalpa.com/pdf/articles/1978/1978_Jul_Sep_167_171.pdf Retrieved
December 20, 2009.
b) Diploma/B.A./B.Sc.
c) B.Tech/MBA/MSc/MCA
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Zeal to excel
Team playing
Q. No .6. Are you satisfied by the direction, guidance and support provided by your
superiors?
Q. No .8. Do the other departments in the BHEL cooperate with each other?
Yes No
Q. No .10. How far the promotion policies practiced in your company are fair?
Q. No .11. Are you satisfied with the safety measures being taken by the
Company?
Q. No .12. Are you satisfied with the Quality of work being performed by the staff of
Human Resource?
Excellent Good
Average Poor
Q. No .15. Does the company full fills its social responsibility towards society?
Q. No .16. There is a balance between stated objectives and resources provided by the BHEL.
Q. No .17. Are you satisfied with the Quality of work life in B.H.E.L?
Q. No .18. Any suggestion you would like to give for overall improvement of B.H.E.L. and the
quality in work life?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________