11PDHPE Preliminary Course

Core 2: Focus Question 2

What is the relationship
between physical fitness,
training and movement
efficiency?

COMPONENTS OF
PHYSICAL FITNESS
Physical fitness is important in establishing and maintaining total body
health. Physical fitness has a number of components which contribute to
total body fitness. These components can be grouped into health related
components and skill related components.
Health Related Components are related to our personal health and can
reduce the event of lifestyle diseases occurring such as heart disease,
obesity, and diabetes. The health related components are:- Cardiorespiratory Endurance
- Muscular Strength
- Muscular Endurance
- Flexibility
- Body Composition

COMPONENTS OF
PHYSICAL FITNESS
Health related fitness components respond positively to physical
exercise. For example, exercise can help us lose weight, improve
muscle tone and assist in prevention of lower back pain. However,
exercise should not be considered in isolation. Other factors such
as heredity, environment, nutrition and lifestyle practices all
contribute to total body health.

COMPONENTS OF
PHYSICAL FITNESS
Skill Related Components are related to sports performance and the
ability to execute activities. The skill related components are:- Power
- Agility
- Coordination
- Balance
- Reaction Time
- Speed
An improvement in health-related fitness components improves personal
health and lifestyle including lowering the risk of hypokinetic disease.
Hypokinetic diseases is a term given to modern lifestyle diseases
associated with inactivity.
These include condition such as: heart disease, obesity, high blood
pressure, insomnia, diabetes and depression

Component

Definition

Important in

Suitable test

Cardiorespiratory
endurance

The ability of the heart, lungs, and circulatory system

to supply oxygen and nutrients efficiently to
working muscles and remove waste products.

Endurance events such

as cycling,
triathlons, and
marathon running

Multistage fitness
test
1.6km run
Step test

Muscular strength

The ability to exert force against a resistance in a

single maximal effort.
-> improves performance and reduces the risk of injury

Weightlifting,
gymnastics, rugby

Dynamometers
1 RM tests

Muscular endurance

The ability to sustain or repeat a muscular effort for a

relatively long period of time.

Cycling, cross-country
running, skiing,
rowing

Sit-up test
Push-up test

Flexibility

Range of motion about a joint.

-> helps prevent injury, improves posture

Most sports

Sit-and-reach test

Body composition

Refers to the percentage of fat as opposed to lean

body mass (bone, muscle, organs, connective
tissue).

Health and physical

performance

BMI
Skinfold tests

Power

The combination of strength and speed in an explosive

action.

Running, throwing,
jumping

Standing long jump

Vertical jump

Agility

The ability to change direction with speed.

Team sports

Illinois agility run

Coordination

Smooth, well controlled movements.

-> requires good interaction between the brain and
muscles

All sports

Hand wall toss

Balance

The ability to maintain equilibrium while either

stationary (static) or moving (dynamic).

All activities

Stork stand

Reaction time

The time taken to respond to a stimulus.

Starts in athletics and

swimming,
shooting

Ruler test

Speed

The ability to perform body movements quickly.

Sprint events, team

games

50m sprint

COMPONENTS OF
PHYSICAL FITNESS
15 minute challenge: You have 15 minutes to put together a PowerPoint
presentation on your component of fitness you have selected. Your
PowerPoint can be no longer than 4 slides.
And can only go for 5 minutes.
You must cover the following areas:
1) Define component and any key terms.
2) Outline its importance to health/impact on body
3) Describe the fitness test
4) Outlines ratings for given fitness test (ie. What constitutes
poor/fair/average/good/excellent)

COMPONENTS OF
PHYSICAL FITNESS
Critical Inquiry
1.Define the term fitness.
2. Based on this definition, rate your level of
fitness.
3.Explain the reasons for the rating you gave.
4.Describe the factors that influence your
current level of fitness.
5.Examine the possible roles that the healthrelated and skill-related physical fitness
components play in movement efficiency. Use
examples to explain your answer.