Rantetoding 1

Samuel Palungan Rantetoding

Yulvita Hadi Yarti
Chemistry
15 October 2015

Lab Report
Objective
The aim of this experiment is to determine the molarity of hydrochloric acid (HCl) by
adding a volume of sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
Background Theory
A neutralization is the point at which a corrosive and a base respond to shape water and a
salt and includes the mix of H+ particles and Goodness particles to create water. The
balance of an in number corrosive and solid base has a pH equivalent to 7. The balance of
an in number corrosive and frail base will have a pH of under 7, and alternately, the
subsequent pH when an in number base kills a powerless corrosive will be more
noteworthy than 7. (University of California Davis)
Titration is a method where an answer of known fixation is utilized to focus the grouping
of an obscure arrangement. Commonly, the titrant (the know arrangement) is added from
a burette to a known amount of the analyte (the unknown solution) until the response is
finished. (Purdue University)
Indicator is a vast natural atom that works to some degree like a " shading color". While
most colors don't change shading with the measure of corrosive or base present, there are
numerous atoms, known as acid base indicators, which react to an adjustment in the

Rantetoding 2
hydrogen particle focus. Most of the indicators are themselves weak acids. (University of
California Davis)
Equivalence point is where the titration should end - titration portion squares with
precisely 1, we have added stoichiometric measure of titrant to titrated substance. That is
not so much where we end titration. Endpoint is where the titration end in practice. The
closer the end point to the equality point the better, however it is frequently difficult to
locate a decent technique for comparability point recognition. On the other hand,
regularly we can without much of a stretch recognize a point near the proportionality
point - and that is the place the end point will be. (Chembuddy)
Hypothesis
I predicted that the molarity of HCl wil be bigger than the molarity of sodium hydroxide.
Because to find the molarity of HCl, you can use the mole ratio. Phenolphthalein contain
PH 0f 8.3 - 10. In Acid you will see colourless and in base you will see reddish pink.
Variables

Independent Variables: Volume of acid (5 mL, 10 mL, 20 mL, 25 mL)

Dependent Variable: the molarity of acid
Controlled Variables: the molarity of sodium hydroxide (0.1M), room temperature,
pressure, the addition of phenolphthalein indicator (3 drops).

Tools and Materials

Burette (1)
25 mL Erlenmeyer flask (5)
25 mL measuring cylinder (1)
10 mL measuring cylinder (1)
250 mL beaker (3)
Retort stand and clamp (1)
150 ml of HCl

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150 mL of sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

20 ml of phenolphthalein indicator
1 L of distilled water
Wash bottle (1)
25 mL Volumetric Pipette (1) and bulb
10 mL Volumetric Pipette (1)
Dropper (1)
Funnel (1)
Goggles
Gloves
Lab Coat
Sheet of white and dark paper

Method
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Rinse the tools (burette, flasks, and beakers).

Make sure the burette stopcock is closed.
Fill the burette with sodium hydroxide.
Place a beaker under the burette.
Open the stopcock to allow the liquid to drain out into the beaker and then close

the stopcock. Make sure that there is no air bubbles remain in the stopcock.
6. Remove the beaker.
7. Using a 25 mL volumetric pipette, pour 5 mL of HCl into an Erlenmeyer flask.
8. Add 3 drops of phenolphthalein into the acid in the Erlenmeyer flask. The
solution should remain colourless at this point.
9. Place the flask under the burette. Put a sheet of white paper under the flask to
easily see the endpoint.
10. Read the volume of the sodium hydroxide in the burette. This is your initial
volume.

Reading is made easier by holding a piece of dark paper behind the

burette.
11. Slowly open the burette stopcock and add some sodium hydroxide into the flask,
while doing so, swirl the flask. Observe the colour of the solution, you may notice
a temporary colour change in the solution.

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12. Continue adding the sodium hydroxide. The colour change will take longer to
disappear. This is a signal that the endpoint is almost reached and the sodium
hydroxide should be added drop wise.
13. Stop adding the sodium hydroxide when a permanent colour change is observed
(a pale pink; stays longer than 30 seconds). This indicates that the solution has
reached its endpoint.
14. Record the volume of sodium hydroxide in the burette. This is your final
volume. Subtract the initial volume from the final volume to determine the
volume of sodium hydroxide added.
15. Repeat step 1 to 14 using different volume of vinegar: 10 mL, 15 mL and 20 mL,
25 mL.
16. Refill the burette with sodium hydroxide solution if it was not enough but
remember to record the volume of sodium hydroxide used.
17. Repeat step 1 to 16 three times to obtain accurate results.
Result
Based on our experiments, the result in every single trial didnt have a big gap between
the volume of HCl and the volume of NaOH.
Data Collection
Trial

5 mL of HCl

10 mL of

15 mL of

20 mL of

25 mL of

6.5
5.5
5.5
4.95
5.3

HCl
11
12.5
11.3
11.6
12.1

HCl
17.5
18
17.1
15.5
15.2

HCl
22
21.6
22.1
23.2
21.1

HCl
27
25.7
25.5
27.2
26.2

1
2
3
4
5
Data Processing

Molarity in 5 mL of HCl
NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O

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Moles of NaO H=Moles of HCl
Molarity of NaOH Volume of NaOH=Molarity of HCl Volume of HCl
0.1 M 5.5 mL 103= 5 mL 103
=0.11 M
Molarity in 10 mL of HCl
NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O
Moles of NaOH=Moles of HCl
Molarity of NaOH Volume of NaOH=Molarity of HCl Volume of HCl
1.1

M 11.6 103 = 10 mL 103

=0.116 M

Molarity in 15 mL of HCl
NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O
Moles of NaOH=Moles of HCl
Molarity of NaOH Volume of NaOH =Molarity of HCl Volume of HCl
3

0.1 M 17.1 mL 10 = 15 mL 10
=0.114 M

Molarity in 20 mL of HCl
NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O
Moles of NaOH=Moles of HCl
Molarity of NaOH Volume of NaOH =Molarity of HCl Volume of HCl

0.1 M 22 mL 103= 20 mL 103

=0.11 M

Molarity in 25 mL of HCl

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NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H2O
Moles of NaOH=Moles of HCl
Molarity of NaOH Volume of NaOH=Molarity of HCl Volume of HCl
0.1 M 26.2 mL 103= 25 mL 103
=0.1048 M
Data Presentation

First Trial
30
25
20
Volume of NaOH in mL

15
10
5
0
0

10

15

20

Volume of HCl in mL

25

30

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Second Trial
30
25
20
Volume of NaOH in mL

15
10
5
0
0

10

15

20

25

30

25

30

Volume of HCl in mL

Third Trial
30
25
20
Volume of NaOH in mL

15
10
5
0
0

10

15

20

Volume of HCl in mL

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Forth Trial
30
25
20
Volume of NaOH inmL

15
10
5
0
0

10

15

20

25

30

25

30

Volume of HCl in mL

Fifth Trial
30
25
20
Volume of NaOH in mL

15
10
5
0
0

10

15

20

Volume of HCl in mL

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Discussion
From the result, it supports my hypothesis. Although the molarity of HCl just slightly
bigger than the molarity of NaOH. From the pattern, we can see that the volume of NaOH
will be bigger than the volume of HCl. Thats will make the molarity of HCl will be
bigger because the volume of HCl is lower than the volume of NaOH, while the moles of
HCl and NaOH has the same amount. Even though my result support my hypothesis, I
dont think the result was right because the color that we should make in the experiment
is slightly pink, but my team make the color becomes pink. If the color becomes slightly
pink, maybe the molarity of HCl based on experiment is lower or same with the molarity
of NaOH. Even though I think that maybe the result between pink color and slightly pink
color didnt have the huge gap, so it will not ruin the result of molarity.

Evaluation
I think I could improve in finding the proper result because the color of the experiments
werent slightly pink, but pink. Thats what make my result was not valid enough to find
the molarity of HCl. Although, my result was correct if compare with the hypothesis, but
still is not valid enough. To make the correct statement, I need to do the experiment
perfectly, which I didnt do it, but the data was valid enough if I compare it with others
that do it properly, even though I didnt do it properly.

Conclusion

Rantetoding 10
From the titration experiment, we can learn about how to balance the PH and how to find
the molarity between acids and bases. In the experiment, we use pp indicator to balance
the acid and base to know how much NaOH that needed to make the HCl that pour with
pp indicator becomes slightly pink. From the result, I can know that the hypothesis that I
made was correct, even though the result isnt that accurate because the color wasnt
perfect slightly pink. The problem when my teammate and me doing the experiment was
the color of the experiment. We should make it becomes slightly pink, not pink. The
second problem, we should pour the pp indicator 3 times into the tube that already filled
with HCl, but sometimes we put it more or less than 3 times that will make the result
change. Maybe if we can fix our problem, we can get more valid data. I think the
experiment that we do is valid enough even though the color wasnt slightly pink because
when I look to others data, the result didnt have big gap with my experiment maybe
about 0.1 mL 0.5 mL differences. Maybe I can improve to do it more seriously and
concentrate because if I concentrated, I will not make such stupid mistake, such as
pouring the pp indicator more or less than 3 times. Based on the method, I think that there
is no need an improvement. Maybe put important note in the methods; such as make sure
to check our result to teacher or the lab assistant. If not, we can make many mistakes
because without assistance from the experts, we as a learner will make a lot of mistake in
following the method like skipping one of the important steps.

Works Cited
Purdue University. What is Titration? West Lafayette: Purdue University,
n.d.

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University of California Davis. Acid and Base Indicators. Davis, 2013.
University of California Davis. Neutralization. Davis: University of
California Davis, 2014.
Chembuddy. Definitions of titrant, titration curve, end point and
equivalence point. 2011.