Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Reduced Clauses
Structure and Written Expression Skills 13-14
Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL Test
Tutorial prepared by Marla Yoshida
The students [who are waiting for the bus] are impatient.
The students [waiting for the bus] are impatient.
reduced adjective clause
2. And if who, which, or that refers to the same person or thing as the
subject of the main clause
Same people
The students [who are waiting for the bus] are impatient.
Then we can reduce the clause:
The students [waiting for the bus] are impatient.
Summary
In this section, you have learned about these things:
We can reduce an adjective clause, but not always.
With a be verb: Take out the connector and the be
verb.
With other verbs: Take out the connector and change
the verb to ing.
We can reduce an adverb clause, but not always.
With a be verb: Take out the subject and the be verb.
With other verbs: Take out the subject and change
the verb to ing.