Munchausen

Syndrome
Preceptor
Composer

: dr. Engelberta Pardamean, Sp.KJ

: Clarissa Yudakusuma (07120100022)

Kepaniteraan Klinik Ilmu Kedokteran Jiwa - Sanatorium Dharmawangsa FK UPH

Periode 17 Agustus 19 September 2015

Definit
ion

Mental disorder

Fake serious illness(es)

Produce symptoms using

trickery / self-harm

NOT for personal gain

Desire for attention and

sympathy

Clinical
Manifestation
Spectacular
medical
history
(large number
of tests,
procedures
and
operations)

Odd collection of
unrelated
symptoms

No conclusive
results despite
intense medical
investigations

Doctor shopping /
Hospital shopping

Failure to
improve despite
medical
treatment,
including
relapsing for
unknown reasons

Common Tactics
Poison
themselves
with chemicals
(eg: warfarin,
laxative, insulin)

Pretend to be in pain;
exaggerate symptoms

Manipulate
diagnostic
test(s)
Infect themselves
with unclean
substances

Interfere with a
medical condition so
that recovery isnt
possible

Risk Factors

Chronic illness during childhood

Chronic illness of a family member when the

person was a child

Relationship, self-esteem or identity problems

Difficulty distinguishing reality from fantasy

Ability to lie and manipulate

History of mental problems: depression,

hallucinations / PTSD

Traumatic / abusive treatment during childhood

Diagnostic Criteria

Treatment
Cognitive
Behavior
Therapy

Medications

Limiting/avoi
ding
unnecessary
medical
procedures

Family

education
Effective
communication

Prognosis
GOOD

BAD

Having high level of denial

Responsible for their actions

Unable to cooperate with therapy

Able to increase their problem

Having personality disorder

solving ability

Differential
Diagnosis

Malingerin
g

Somatizatio
n

Ganser
Syndrome

Differential
Diagnosis
Characteristics
Self-awareness of their
true condition which is
actually healthy

Motivation / purpose
of their action(s)

Act to produce
symptoms using
trickery / self-harm

Munchausen
Malingering
Sydrome

Aware

To get
attention /
sympathy

Yes

Aware

Somatizatio
n

Ganser
Syndrome

Not
aware

In between
(clouding
consciousness
)

Personal gain Worriness of

(eg: money, having certain
time)
disease

No

No

To avoid
unpleasant
situation

No