CHAPTER

CHAPTER

Indices

Paper 1
1. (e3)2 = e3 2
= e6

3
4

Answer: D
1

p 2

=
9 )3
(AB
p6

=
(3)3
p6

=
27
Answer: D

2. (h 2 )8 = h 2
= h4

Answer: B

3. 53 =

1
53

8. (m2)4 m2 = m2 4 m2

= m8 + (2)

= m6

Answer: B
4

4. t

Answer: A

t3
1
=
3AB4
t

9. (p3)4 p5 = p3 4 p5

= p12 5

= p7

Answer: D
1

Answer: C
1

5. (9n4) 2 = (9) 2 (n4) 2

10. (x4)2 = x2n

x4 2 = x2n
x8 = x2n
8 = 2n
n = 4

1
4
2

= AB
9 (n
= 3n2

Answer: C
2

3 3

Answer: B

3 3

6. (8x ) = (8) (x )

(p4) 2
p4 2
7. =
3

9
(9) 2

2
3
3

= (3AB
8 )2(x
= (2)2(x2)
= 4x2

11. 32 27 = 3m
32 33 = 3m
32 + 3 = 3m
31 = 3m
m = 1

Answer: D

Answer: C

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

 Mathematics SPM Chapter 3

12. (2q3)2 3q4 = (2q3)(2q3) 3q4

= 2 2 3 q3 + 3 + (4)

= 12q2

4.

Answer: C

(16m4) 4
m3n4
2n
=

13. (2e2)3 4e = (2)3(e2 3) 4e

8e6

= 1
4e

= 2e6 1

= 2e5

=
=
=

2
2

14. (51 3 ) = (51)2 (3

= 52 31
1
=
3
52
3

=
25
Answer: C

1
4

Answer: C

Answer: D
1

2 2

1
4

2 4 m 4
m3n4
2n
2m
m3n4
2n
m1 + 3 n4 1
m4n3

5.

p3
p3q 3
=
3
4q
4
Answer: C
5

n4
6.
n
1

n4
1

= n2 n4 n
1
5
1

+
+ ( )
4
4

= n2

= n2

Paper 1

Answer: C

1. 1n = 6 2
t

tn = 6

7.

\ t = 6, n = 1
2

20

1
5
2

= 2
3

2
5

= 3 2
2
Answer: C

1 2

Answer: D

3. 20 =

= 2
3

1 2

4 3 1
2. (h 2k 5)
h k
4 3
= h 2 k5
h k
= h4 2k3 (5)
= h6k2

1 2

Answer: B

1 23 2

(2a3 3b 2 )2
8.
a2b3

20 = 20 x

\ x = 5, y = 3
Answer: A

Answer: C

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

22a3 2 32b 2
=
a2b3
4a6 9b5
=
a2b3
= 36a6 2b5 3
= 36a4b2

Mathematics SPM Chapter 3

9.

1 23 2

1
2
3

Paper 1

1 2

1
8
27

1
4

3 3
3

= h 4 (h 4
5

5
3

+
4

= h4
= h2k4

k4

2. (2t3m)2 5t2
= (22t3 2m1 2) 5t2
= 4t6m2 5t2
= 20t6 + 2m2
= 20t4m2

16
10. 2x =
23x
24
2x =
23x
2x = 24 3x
x = 4 3x
x + 3x = 4
4x = 4
x = 1

Answer: A
1
3. (3h2k)3 h2k1
3
= (33h2 3k1 3) 31h2k1
= 33 + (1)h6k3 h2k1
= 32h6 + 2k3 + (1)
= 9h4k2
Answer: D

Answer: B

2m3n
4.
(3mn2)2
2m3n
=
32m1 2n2 2
2m3n
=
9m2n4

1
=
1

62

Answer: D
1

Answer: D

Answer: B

42 3 2
12.
62

4 4

=h h k

=1 8
27
= 1 27
8
27
=
8

11. 6

1. h 4 (h 4 k 3 )3

2m3 2n1 (4)

=
9
2mn5
=
9
Answer: C

4
1

42 4 3 2
=
62 4
48 32
=
68
2 8
(2 ) 32
=
(2 3)8
216 32
=
28 38

5. (ef4)2 e3f9
= (e1 2f4 2) e3f9
= e2f8 e3f9
= e2 (3)f8 9
= e5f1

= 216 8 32 8
= 28 36

Answer: A

Answer: B

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

 Mathematics SPM Chapter 3

6. (x2y3)3 x7y2
= (x2 3y3 3) x7y2
= x6y9 x7y2
= x6 + 7y9 + 2
= xy11

11. [2p (3p) 2 ]4 (p12) 3

= [(2p)4 (3p)2] p8
(2p)4 (3p)2
p8

Answer: C

= 144p14

Answer: B

3 3

7. (2p q ) p q
2

3 4

= (23p2 3q 3 ) p3q4
= 8p6q1 p3q4
= 8p6 + 3q1 + (4)
= 8p9q3

12. (16 34) 2 (23 35)

1

Answer: B
1

8. (27m3n9) 3 9m2n1
1

1
4

= (16 2 3 2 ) (23 35)

= (22 32) (23 35)
= 22 3 32 (5)
= 21 33
33
= 1
2
27
=
2

1
1
3 9

= (27 3 m 3 n 3 ) 9m2n1
= 3m1n3 9m2n1
3m1 2n3 (1)
=
9
1 4
m
n

=
3
Answer: C

Answer: A

13. (27 26) 3 (24 3)

1

3g (16h )
9.
1

(g9h3) 3

1
1

3g 16 2 h 2
=
1
1
9 3
g 3h 3

3g 4h3
=
g3h1
= 12g1 3h3 (1)
= 12g2h4

Answer: B

12h4
=
g2
Answer: D

56
14. (4 3 5)3
24
1

= (x

6 3

= (4 3

10. (x3y 3 )2 (x6y5) 3

1

2
32 3

1
6

= (27 3 2 3 ) 24 31
= 31 22 24 31
= 31 + 1 22 + (4)
= 32 26
32
=
26
9
=
64

6 2

= (22 53) (56 24)

= 22 (4) 53 6
= 26 53
26
=
53
64
=
125

1
1
6 5
3
3

) (x

2 3

=xy xy
2
5

= x6 2y 3
= x4y1

Answer: C

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

56
53)
24

Answer: C

Mathematics SPM Chapter 3

5

5
1

= (3 2
5

125 3 (34) 2
19.
252

1
4
2

) 3 4 53

= 3 4 52 3 4 53
5
3

52 32
=
54
=
=
=
=

Answer: A

52 (4) 32
52 32
25 9
225

Answer: D

16. (9 2 ) (2 3 )
5

1
6

= (9 2 2 2 ) (25 34)
= (31 23) (25 34)
= 31 4 23 (5)
= 33 22
22
=
33
4
=
27

32 5
20.
1

(212 74) 2
4

(25) 5
=
1
1
2

12
2

4
2

24
=
6
2 72
= 24 6 72
= 22 72
72
=
22
49
=
4
Answer: C

Answer: C
1

17. (64 3 51)2 (54 23)

= (4 51)2 (54 23)
= (22 2 51 2) (54 23)
= (24 52) (54 23)
= 24 3 52 (4)
= 21 52
= 2 25
= 50

27 3
21.
1

94 (4 3 )6

Answer: A
3

1
4

(53) 3 3 2
=
(52)2

= 3 4 4 52 + (3)
= 32 51
32
=
51
9
=
5

6 2

15. (3 2 54) 2 3 4 53

(33) 3
=
1

6
(32)4 4 3
35
=
38 42

81 (3 )
18.
96
2 3

(34) 4 32 3
=
(32)6

= 35 (8) 42
= 33 42
33
=
42
27
=
16

33 36
=
312
= 33 + 6 12
= 33
1
=
33

Answer: B

1
=
27

Answer: C

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

 Mathematics SPM Chapter 3

22.

27

23
=
33

(5

1
4
2

24. 2p 1 + 2p + 1 2p
= 2p(21 + 2 1)

4 2 )4

(5

42

= 2p

3
2
= 3(2p 1)

2 4
= (52 42)
3
24
(52 24)
=
34
24 4
=
52
34
20 52
=
34
25
=
81
Answer: A
1

= 2p

Answer: D

23. (36 74) 3 (7 3 91)

= (3

1
6
3

1
4
3

) (7 3 32)

= (32 7

) (7 3 32)
4
2

3
3

= 32 (2) 7
= 34 72
34
=
72
81
=
49

Answer: D

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.

1
+1
2