1.

Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation; Jawaharlal Nehru, the architect of
Free India; Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, who drafted the Constitution; Subhas Chandra
Bose, whose spiritual materialism and militant patriotism drove India to
organise an army to struggle for Independence; Indira Gandhi, who
implemented a socialist-secular constitutional amendment and divided
Pakistan which invaded India; V.K. Krishna Menon, architect of non-alignment
and adviser to Jawaharlal Nehru
2. Max Mueller described India as the worlds finest home of culture.

Phrases:
1. Ipso Facto - by the fact itself
2. Persona non-grata - an unwelcome person
3. Quid Pro Quo - something for something