4 5.2 53 5 BUHAY Active and passive >f57 Rewrite these sentences in a less formal way using active verbs. 1 Tims car was broken into and his briefease was stolen. SOMEONE seen _ — _ 2. Several fights were cancelled, but we weren't informed until much later. They on st 3 The'g in gnat’ has to be written, but itisvt pronounced. 4 The old manuscript was discovered in fragments and hasn't been completely restored yet. 5. The dishes hadn't been washed and there was a lot of rubbish that hadn't been taken outside. 6 Most of his poetry hasn't been read because it hasrit been translated into Engli People.. ‘Complete each sentence with one pair of verbs, using appropriate forms. arrive/ post ask/stop clean/tell give/own —_pay/ work repair/ take 1. Some of my friends by the police last night on their way home and o--ssnsweseeeendt Ot Of questions about where theyd been. 2 Tessessssssnssnnmnathe bus to work this week while my ca. : 3: The parcel that... this morning... -onsousmnore than two weeks ago. 4. When we got to the hotel, we... .- that our room wasr't ready because it sn til : 5 The property. Which o.oo curently byZeeCo, afresh newlook. 6 Nobody. - today because they. yet forlast week's work Complete this text using had or had been. In his sixtieth year, Edward Lawrence Finegan decided to go back and visit the town where he (cases nnnsnn spent most of his childhood. He (2) oo. expected everything tobe the same, but he was surprised that there 3) -so many changes. Allthe old housesin the area where he (4) lived 8). demolished. They nv _ replaced by a car patk, The school that he (7 ene GONE LO ©). also disappeared. A shopping centre (9. built on the fields where he do), osm played football. Most ofthe people he hopirg tosee 2) also gone. But, as he discovered almost by accident, there was still one very important person living there. 25,5. THE PASSIVE 54 55 5.6 26 Passives with modals, infinitives and gerunds » Complete the sentences with passives so that each has a similar meaning to the ‘one above. 1 Youcan find more information on our website. More information sun 2 Thope they wor't charge us too much, Thope we an 7 3 You couldn't describe him as handsome, but he wasa very charming man. 4 Obviously, they‘d have caught more fish if they’ been using bigger nets. Obviously, more fish on 5 Someone musthave brewed my caloaatn eu nt eure My calculator a a 6 Youhave trevise your report and hand itin before Friday Your report 7 Because it was uchan easy exercise] dit have aso Nobody... = 8 Were going to have to throw out all: chee rete, All - = Choose an ending (ad) for each beginning (1~4) and add appropriate forms of these verbs. assemble blame notelect tell 1 Itwasntthis fault that she fell (.) 1. SOit sti D&S enn 2 wanted to talk, not watch TY, (..) b sohe was disappointed Pn 3 Igot a bookcase frame and shelves (..) ¢ sol resented... tobe quiet. 4 They didsit vote for him (..) 4 sohe refused. for the accident. Complete this paragraph using appropriate forms of these verbs or combinations of verbs. break into bbe supposed to/ lock haveto/ examine should / switch on steal can't / use must/leave will have tof interview ‘As some of you may already know, our main Off1C€ (1) een during the weekend ‘and computers and other items (2) --ennnnnnnnsne The Windows (3) and the alarm (4) smn _aftet work on Friday. For some reason, one of the windows ©) ssinsnnsx OPEN, SO it Waseasy for the burglars to get in. We don't know why the alarm didn’t goof. Asa result, the office (6) 5 today because it 0). by the police for evidence. The police have also said that everyone who uses the office (6) later today or tomorrow.57 58 5 THE Passive Passive verbs » Rewrite each sentence with the verbs in the passive, where possible. 1 You should take these pills with food and avoid alcoholic drinks. 2 Thelunch they ladled out daily they called a ‘Welsh hotpot’it had a lot of onions init. 3. They blocked off the entrance to our building because a part of the roof had fallen down. 4 They showed ushow to play the game, but they didn't explain al the rules to us. 5. Wehave already described the research project to you, so now we'll present the results. 6 Many people called Peter a fool when he went offalone, but peuple cousider hi a pioneer now, Using a dictionary if necessary, choose a noun (with a/an) for the first space and choose the correct forms of the verbs (a, b, ¢) for the other spaces. More than one form may be correct. bonus bribe fee gratuity incentive prize ¥ reward Example: A.ceward is money that eo.onnmmnsenen for doing something good or working hard a givesyou ...b youaregiven Yc isgiventoyou %. 1 isan amount of money that... for professional services. a ispaying .b ispaid — ¢ ispaidyou 2 soo is something that a. _.to do something. a encourages you... b isencouraged ..¢ youareencouraged ... 3 is ike a tip, or money given to someone fora service that has provided you ...__b hasbeen ptovided .._ ¢ hasbeen provided you 4 = is something that ....mssmn-anneto Someone who wins a game, a race, ete a awards... b hasawarded ... cisawarded 5 isa sum of money or something valuable that wven.0nn-nnnest0 40 something dishonest that onthe person offering the money. a offers you... b isofferedtoyou ...¢ youareoffered a helps... b ishelped .._¢ youarehelped 6 --oounei an extra amount of money that... 0 your pay or something ‘good or beneficial that —. a isadded ...b isadded you... youare added a didnitexpect ....b wasmitexpected ... ¢ never expected you 75 THE PASSIVE. 59 5.10 5.11 28 The uses of the passive »62-3 Rewrite these sentences with passive verbs, where possible. 1 Big fish are always chasing, catchingand eating smaller fish. Smaller fish. on = cas 2. They dont allow dogs or other animalsin the park. No we os re 3 You must wear a scatfso that you cover your hair completely. Ascart. 4 People often say that love is blind. Tanne se = 5 Someone had claimed that the painting was.a forgery. ee 6 They reported there were dangerousconditions on the roads. ‘here. - Rewrite the sentences in this paragraph using active verbs with we as subject. All our guests are invited toa free breakfast every morning, Breakfasts served from 7 until 9am. A wake-up call can be made ifadvance notice is received. A daily newspaper is provided free. Rooms are cleaned between 9 am and 12 noon every day. Pets are not allowed in any rooms. Guests are reminded to check out before noon or they will be charged for an extra day. Rewrite these sentences with verbs in the passive, where possible. conducted the first study with twenty students who I assigned to two groups. I gaveall the students aapre-testin which they performed a translation task. Then I showed the students in one group a photograph and asked them to write description. I provided the students inthe second group with a grammar exercise. After they had completed the tasks, [collected the students’ papers and checked them for mistakes. When I compared thetwo groups, ound no differences in the numbers of ristakes they produced, but noted one particular type of mistake that only the first group made.5.12 5.13 5.14 5 THE PASSIVE Passives with by-phrases and ergatives; passives with get »Bj64-5 Complete each sentence with the passive form of one of the expressions listed. Vadog attacked (him) pushing can change (it) _lots of bees were stinging (me) people forget (them) tourists usually crowd (it) _ontlya special key can open (it) two teams play (it) wwe always aame (him) ‘Thomas Edison didn't actually make it) Example: A young boy ..w8, tasked. by. 6.40§. snsnneee Rear the school 1 Baseball onnnnnnnnennenns Of mine players 2 Last year’ hits rather quickly in the music business. 3 The first light bulb : area : sbat Be ai 3 asthe invertor 4 Thesafe. eo ¥ ~ = 9 8 The vOIWINE osu os the small red button, 6 Iremember . — ‘when L was very young, 7 Trafalgar Square omnennnnnnnndt the summer. Complete each paragraph with one pair of verbs, using ergatives or get-passives. break / stick close/ ring —grow/ increase knock off/ not injure 1 pressed the button. Somewhere inside the building a bell oon A door with a loud bang and I could hear footsteps. My heart was pounding 2. When the van swerved, I 1y bike, but somehow I managed to land on my eet sol But my bike was total wreck. 3 Asthe daylight hours, ‘with each passing week, everything in the garden bigger and greener, 4 Someone tried to get in with the wrong key and it and a small partof the key in the lock. So then we had to find a locksmith. Complete this text with the verbsas ergatives or get-passives. cover crash hire hurt knockdown open shatter swing When I was sixteen, 1) ooo as a waiter in one ofthe bighotels. I was hopeless. 1 kept dropping things and bumping into people. I also kept forgetting that the kitchen doors e z outwards and I almost 3) ssn @ few times by other waiters rushing out through the swinging doors. One day I was carrying a tray full of dirty dishes to the kitchen when the doors suddenly. ‘open and hit me. The tray flew upin the airand (3) oon with soup and other bits of food. Glasses and plates (Be svnest0 the floor and (7) into pieces. Luckily noone @ » but there was a terrible mess. Whenever I think about that day, [always remember the feeling and taste of cold tomato soup on my face. 29