Planning the

CHAPTER

Service Area

Objectives

Key Terms

After com pie/illg this c/tapter, YOZl will be able fo:

corridor kitchen
island kitchen
L-shaped kitchen
mudroom
overhead doors

Plan the service area of a home by

applying good d esign principles.
Design a fun ctional kitchen to meet a
fam ily's needs.
Plan an efficient laundry room.
Describe appropriate dimensions for
garage or ca rport space.

The service area supplements the living and

sleepi.ng areas of the house. It supplies equipment and s pace for maintenance, storage, and
service. The service arca includes the kitchen,
lau ndry room, mudroom, garage or carport,
and utility or storage space. See Figure 9-1. Due
to its va ried functi ons, the service area requires
ca reful thought and planning on the part of the
designer and the client.
CADD systems can speed lip the design of
the service area of a home. Specialized software
and CADD add-ons are available for designing
kitchens and creating pictorial representations
o f them. Figure 9-2 shows two very different
types of CA DD drawings.

Printed for:

peninsula kitchen
straight-l i.ne kitchen
U-shaped kitchen
work centers
work triangle

Kitchen
Food preparation is the intended purpose
for a kitchen. Its use may, however, be extended
to include info rmal dining and e ntertaining.
The table and chairs in Figure 9-28 p rovide the
perfect spot for a casual mea l.
Kitchen design ca n present u nique challenges. Inefficiency and added cost will result
i.f the challenges are not solved. From the standpoint of cost, the kitchen is usually the most
expensive room in the house per square foot. It
also receives the most use of any roo m.

erikaaraujo@bisd.us (c) 2013 Goodheart-Willcox Publisher. All Rights rese

Section 2

216

RECREATION

MASTER BEDROOM

""""

12'

11 '~

20'
DIN ING
13'

15'

15'

en

GARAGE
19'~

Arc hitectural Planning

LIVING ROOM

1 0'~

BEDROOM
IO'x11'

BEDROOM
11'xl"

Figure 91, The service area of this house includes the garage, ki tchen, laundry, mudroom, a bathroom,
and some storage.

Figure 9-2. A-Many kitc hen design packages allow you to create piclorial line drawings like this one.
(3d Pictllres/Shlltterstock.com) B-A rendering of a proposed kitchen design. (tollgyoll/Shlitterstock.com)

KitclJeu Planning
Proper location of the kitchen is important.
It is the p rime element of the service area a nd its

rela tion to o ther areas of the house requi res careful evaluation. The kitchen should be located
Printed for:

near the service entrance to the garage, because

this is where groceries are brought into the

house. Also, outside trash containers are
u sually located dose to the service entra nce.
The kitchen should also be located near the
dining room.

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Chapter 9

Planning the Service Area

217

Planning an efficient kitchen involves the

proper placement of appliances, adequate storage cabinets, and food preparation facilities. This
placement creates the work centers- the food
preparation center, cleanup center, and cooking
center. In designing kitchens, give considerable
thought to the general location of each of the
kitchen work centers. The arrangement should
be logical and should minimize the amount of
movement necessary to prepare a meal.
The work triangle is one measure of kitchen
efficiency. It is determined by drawing a line
from t he front-center of the range to the refrigerator to the sink a nd back to the range. The
lengths of these three lines a re added together
to produce the length of the work triangle, as
shown in Figure 9-3. For an efficient kitchen,
this distance should not exceed 21'.

Accessibility

layout as any other plan. However, the work

surfaces should be lower, sinks should have
clearance underneath, and cooking units should
be accessible. See Figure 9-4.
Ample space must be provided for wheelchairs. Toe sp<ice of 6" deep <ind 9" high is
needed under the cabinets for whClchair footrests. Knee sp ace of 30" wide, 27" high, and
25" deep can be p rovided by an overhang or
extended kitchen counter space.

Kitclten Styles

There are six basic kitchen styles:

Straight-line
L-shaped
Corrido r
Island
U-shaped
Peninsula

A lmost any kitchen can easily be adapted

for a handicapped person. A kitchen that is
handicapped accessible may follow the same

FoYER

1-----

/~

EATING

'00'

---I

RE F.

'\

triangle
KITCHEN

17'4

1:'>' x 12'

I
I

,-

0
c-

DINING

1--

@ @
----

--

I
I
I
---

RANGE

LAUNDRY

Figure 9-3. The work triangle is a gOCld measure

of kitchen efficiency. The combined length of the
three sides should not exceed 21 linear feet.

Printed for:

Figure 9-4. The knee space beneath th is stove is

one example of a design modification that can
help make a kitchen accessible.
(peppiI8/SII11 t terstock,com)

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Previous Page Next Page

Section 2

218

Architectural Planning

Each style has advantages and disadvantages.

The style selected for a particular home may
depend on the preferences of the person who w ill
be spending the most time wor king in the kitchen.

the style are that it provides a limited amount of

cabinet space and the result is usually not visually
pleasing. The straight-line kitchen is seldom used
unless space is very limited.

Straight-Line Kitchen

L-Shaped Kitchen

The straight-lille kitchell style is frequently

used in small houses, cottages, and apartments.
See Figure 9-5. Little space is required for this style
and it usually provides for an efficient arrangement of kitchen facilities. Two disadvantages of

The L-slwped kitcllell is located along two

adjacent walls, as shown in Figure 9-6. This style
results in an efficient workspace. Two work centers are generally located along one wall and
the third on the adjoining wall. This style is not

RANGE

21 '

O'

2 1' -

O~

Figure 9-5. A - An example of a straighHine

kitchen. (Rude Komc/Slllltterslock.com) B-The
work triangle in a straight-line kitchen.

B
Figure 9-6. A- An L-shaped kitchen is located on
two adjoining walls. (mirollllga/Sllllilerslock.com)
B-Noticc the efficient, traffic-free work triangle.

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218 Section 2 Architectural Planning Each style has advantages and disadvantages. the style are that it provides a limited amount of The style selected for a particular home may cabinet space and the
result is usually not visually depend on the preferences of the person who will pleasing. The straight-line kitchen is seldom used be spending the most time working in the kitchen. unless space is very
limited. Straight-Line Kitchen L-Shaped Kitchen The straight-line kitchen style is frequently The L-shaped kitchen is located along two used in small houses, cottages, and apartments. adjacent walls, as
shown in Figure 9-6. This style See Figure 9-5. Little space is required for this style results in an effi cient workspace. Two work cen- and it usually provides for an effi ters are generally located along
one wall and cient arrange- ment of kitchen facilities. Two disadvantages of the third on the adjoining wall. This style is not A RANGE SINK 21 0 A REF. RANGE SINK REF. 21 0 B B Figure
9-5. AAn example of a straight-line Figure 9-6. AAn L-shaped kitchen is located on kitchen. (Rade Kovac/Shutterstock.com) BThe two adjoining walls. (mirounga/Shutterstock.com) work
triangle in a straight-line kitchen. BNotice the effi c-free work triangle. cient, traffi
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Chapte r 9

Planning the Service Area

219

intended for large kitchens because the efficiency

of the plan is lost if the walls are too long.

recommended if traffic w ill be heavy through

the kitchen.

Corridor Kitchen

U-Shaped Kitchen

Th e corridor kitchell is loca ted on two walls

opposite each other. Corridor kitchens a re usually small to medium in size and are ideal for
long, narrow rooms. See Figure 9-7. The open
space between opposing cabinets should be at
least four feet. A corridor kitchen tends to be an
efficient workspace. H owever, the style is not

The work triangle in a U- shaped kitchell is

compact and functional. See Figure 9-8. Most
U-shaped kitchens are medium in size with
the open space between the legs of the U being
about 5' or 6'.lf the kitchen is m uch larger than
this, it becomes less efficient as the work triangle becomes larger.

--

--

--

---

@@

1--

--

1---

REF.

VEJ
I

I- -

--

I
I
I

I
I
I

I
I
"w I
" I
I

~ :@
--

---

B
Figure 9-7. A-This typical corridor kitchen has
plenty of cabinet space. Oriana Shiyall/Slllltlerslock.com)
B--The work triangle in a corridor kitchen is very
efficient, unless many people will be traveling
through it during meal prepa.ration.

Printed for:

--B
~ : @ ~-~
---

""GE

I
I
I
I

I
I
I

B
Figure 9-8. A- An example of a U-shaped kitchen.

(euro/xmks/Slwllers/ock.comJ B-In a V-shaped

kitchen, each of the three items in the work
triangle may be on a different wall. Although this
may lengthen the work triangle, it also allows
ample counter space for food preparation.

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Previous Page Next Page

Section 2

220

Peninsula Kitchen

Arc hitectural Planning

Island Kitchen

The peninsula kitchen is a popular style

because it provides p lenty of workspace. See
Figure 99. The peninsula is often used to join
the dining area with the kitchen, using the peninsula as a divider. It may be used as the cooking
center, food preparation center, or eating area. As
in a U-shaped kitchen, the work triangle is small.

The isla nd kitchen may be a mod ification

of the straight-line, L-shaped, or U-shaped
kitchen style. See Figure 9-10. The island may
hou se the sink, cookin g center, or food preparation area . In some cases, it may also serve as a
countertop or snack bar. At least 4' of clearance
should be allowed on all sides of the island fo r
easy access.

Cabinets
Kitchen cabinets provide the majority of storage space in most kitchens. They are produced
in standard sizes, but may be made to custom
sizes if n:..oquired. Most standard base cabinets are

Green

~~~

~~~

~~~~l

I
I

I
I

"zz
w

20' _

au

,
D

@ @
@ @

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I

:
B
Figure 9-9. A- The peninsula in this ki tchen sep..trates
the kitchen from the ne xt room and provides a casual
eating space. (pics721/Slmtterstock.com)
B-A typical work triangle in a penins ula kitchen.
The peninsula contains the range and extra space for
fCKXI preparation or mting.

The Green Kitchen

The kitchen is one of the most active areas
in the home for recycling. Most food packaging
today can be recycled. Some communities allow
you to mix all of your recyclables together, and
others require that they be separated according
to type.
To serve your architectural clients well,
become fami liar with the recycling rules in the
communities for which you are designing homes.
Then think about how you can design the kitchen
to make recycling easier. For example, some
cabinet manufacturers have base cabinets that
hold two or three waste bins. Including one of
these cabinets in a kitchen would make it easier
tor the homeowner to separate recyclable items.
Com posters are another green design
idea for the kitchen. Several companies now
make small composters that can be used on a
coun tertop or hidden in a base cabinet. Discuss
these ideas with your clients at the design stage
to determ ine which ones work best for them.
Designing a kitchen to be green is much easier
than trying to retrofit an existing kitchen .

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220 Section 2 Architectural Planning Peninsula Kitchen Island Kitchen The peninsula kitchen is a popular style The island kitchen may be a modifi cation because it provides plenty of workspace. See of
the straight-line, L-shaped, or U-shaped Figure 9-9. The peninsula is often used to join kitchen style. See Figure 9-10. The island may the dining area with the kitchen, using the pen- house the sink,
cooking center, or food prepara- insula as a divider. It may be used as the cooking tion area. In some cases, it may also serve as a center, food preparation center, or eating area. As countertop or
snack bar. At least 4 of clearance in a U-shaped kitchen, the work triangle is small. should be allowed on all sides of the island for easy access. Cabinets Kitchen cabinets provide the majority of storage space in most kitchens. They are produced in standard sizes, but may be made to custom sizes if required. Most standard base cabinets are A Green Architecture SINK The Green Kitchenh The
kitchen is one of the most active areas in the home for recycling. Most food packaging PENINSULA today can be recycled. Some communities allow you to mix all of your recyclables together, and
others require that they be separated according 20 0 to type. To serve your architectural clients well, REF. become familiar with the recycling rules in the communities for which you are designing
homes. Then think about how you can design the kitchen to make recycling easier. For example, some cabinet manufacturers have base cabinets that hold two or three waste bins. Including one of these
cabinets in a kitchen would make it easier for the homeowner to separate recyclable items. Composters are another green design B idea for the kitchen. Several companies now Figure 9-9. AThe
peninsula in this kitchen separates make small composters that can be used on a the kitchen from the next room and provides a casual countertop or hidden in a base cabinet. Discuss eating space.
(pics721/Shutterstock.com) these ideas with your clients at the design stage BA typical work triangle in a peninsula kitchen. to determine which ones work best for them. The peninsula contains the
range and extra space for Designing a kitchen to be green is much easier food preparation or eating. than trying to retrofi t an existing kitchen.
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Chapte r 9

Planning the Service Area

221

r~---

I
I
13' _ 5"

Figure 9-10. A- The island in this kitchen holds the sink and doubles as an elegant eating area.
(Chris Rodenberg PllOtographyISlwfterstock.com) B-Take care when designing an island kitchen to avoid
interrupting the work triangle. This kitchen would be much less efficient if the stove was loca ted on the
left wall.

34-1/2" high and 24" deep. They are available in

Figure 9-11 illustrates the standard base and

width increments of 3", such as 15", 18", or 21".

wall cabinets that most man ufacturers produce

as stand ard units. Be sure to check the specifi

Wall cabinets are eith er 12" or 13" deep. TIley may

be 12" to 30" high (in 3" increments) and 12" to
36" w ide (in 3" incremen ts). Wall cabin ets are also
produced in taller d imensions, some as tall as 45".

Printed for:

catio ns of the cabinets selected before d rawing

the kitchen plan .

erikaaraujo@bisd.us (c) 2013 Goodheart-Willcox Publisher. All Rights rese

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Arc hitectural Planning

Section 2

222

r,1LfJ

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,
00

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~ {[JDI

,:,

~DDDI! frnil l1!

,,,

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.VIM:

Figure 9 11 . Standard base ca b inet sizes and designs.

Printed for:

erikaaraujo@bisd.us (c) 2013 Goodheart-Willcox Publisher. All Rights rese

Section 2

224

Options for Accessibility

Architectural Planning

Kitchen Drawings

In base cabinets, compartmentalized dra w-

typical

section

through

the

base

ers instead of shelves ca n bring the full depth

and wall cabinets is shown in Figure- 9-13.

of the base cabinets within reach of a handi-

Figure 914 shows the plan view and elevations of a kitchen . Notice how the wall and
base cabinets are identified in the plan view.
T he numbers shown on the drawing are the
m anufacturer's stock numbers. The wall cab in ets are illus trated w ith a hidden line, and the
base units are shown as object lines. A kHchen
plan should also show the work triangle and
specify its length .

capped user. Roll-out shelves, racks, and baskets can be used to make base cabinets usable.
See Figure 9-12. A lazy Susan is convenient for
wall or base cabinets in corners.
It is difficult for people in wheelchairs to
reach shelves higher than 48", TIle bottom of
wall cabinets should be si tuated so the first

shel f can be reached from a seated position,

usually not more than 17" above the coun-

ter. Cabinets over stoves and refrigerators are

exceptions. Mechanical assistance must be pro-

vided for these cabinets to be used by people in

wheelchairs. Shelves in wall cabinets should be
adjustable.

l'
,

' --.J

13 ' 10 16 '

12 ' 0<13 -"

'" -11-

2' - 1'

"

1 112 -

,le,
,~

,le2' - 0'

Figure 912. Roll-out shelves like these make

base cabinets more usable for everyone.
(Olivier Le Qlleinec/Slwtterstock.com)
Printed for:

Figure 9-13. A typical section through the base

and wall cabinets.

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Chapler 9

[,lanning the Service Area

Wl830

225

'''-'NC

">H.

~ ~ '"
~

WASHER

"/

;;

/
/

"-

"-

, ~ , "-

.,

;;

"-

"w

""'-'

"-

"-

;;

<:/
KITCHEN PLAN

ELEVATION A

--------DIN ING

ELEVATION B

D
ELEVATlQNC

Figure 914. Construction drawings fo r a kitchen.

Printed for:

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Sectio n 2

226

Appliances
Kitchen ap pliances include the s tove I

range, oven, refri gera tor, dishwasher, microwave, and garbage disposal. The appliances s hown on a floor plan are those that
are genera lly not movable. Appliances s uch

,.,,,,-

."
"

,,ro-

~-

"

of styles, colors, and sizes. Symbols and standard sizes of kitchen a ppliances a re shown in

Figu re 9-15.

Ventilation and Liglding

Wodth

Height

30 3030"
30-

6' -

Good venti lation is a must in the kitchen.

23"
2'"
30"

ou tside wa ll o r the roof. A range hood should

never ex haus t into the a ttic or crawl s pace.
Windows ca n he lp w ith ven tila tion in so me
climates.
The activities that take place in the kitchen
requ ire good lighting. See Figure 91 6. In addi
tion to the main ceiling fix tu res, task lights are
needed over the sink, cooking center, and food
prepara tion areas.

0epIh

2' 25 "
26 27"

.. nge
~

2626 "

67 7' -

27 '
27 -

'.nu-

Height
23 "
23 2' "

Width

~-

6l -

Drop-In

When using a range hood w ith a fan, the

range hood must be vented either through a n

,.,,,,-

,&nge

Height
30"
36 36"
36 -

20"
2'"
30"
40-

,,-

",.

"'--

~-

Width

ca lly shown o n a fl oo r plan, although they

may be show n in a p resentation drawing.
Kitchen ap pliances arc avai lable in a va riety

0epIh

22 22 "
25 -

--

Built-in cooklop

,,,.-

,,,-

W"'"

,..
,,,,-

",.

Sui n-in mlcrow....

Helg1t
o.plt1

Width

2'"

19-

27"

22 "

'5"
20""

30 "

22 -

2"

--

Laundry Room and

Mudroom

Printed for:

-....

-.~
w_

CuR

StAndard _tAnding

as toasters and fo od processors are not typi-

A la u ndry room provides an area for wash

ing, drying, pressing, and folding clothes. See
Figu re 917. A spacious laundry room with
base cabi ne ts and wall cabin ets ca n also serve
as a s torage area for ex tra s heets, towel s,
a nd o the r m iscellaneous items, as s how n in
Figure 9 18.
If you a re designing the home for someone
who is physically challenged, be certain to p lan
for accessibility for the use of the washer and
drye r and utilization of the base and wa ll cabi
nets. Doors leading into and out of the lalUldry
room will also need to be a minimum of 2'8"
wide. Sizes and shapes o f common appliances
and fu rnishings used in a laundry room are
s hown in Figu re 919.

Architectural Planning

o....-u...,ang,t mie_
' 5 -to 17'5 -10 '7 -

30"
36'"

W""
,,-

.~-

n-

'5"10
" , .'6"
'5" 10'6"

-,.-,

,,,,,.-

,,-

",.

,.,-

SirogltK:omp\ment -.Ink

2'30 -

",.
2' "
20 -

Dou~rtm.nt

32"
36"
42'

....

""'"
2' "
20'
2' "

Fig ure 9-1 5. Appliance symbols and sizes.

erikaaraujo@bisd.us (c) 2013 Goodheart-Willcox Publisher. All Rights rese

Chapte r 9

Planning the Service Area

227

Figure 9 16. The natural, ceiling, and task lighting in this kitchen prov ides enough light for food
preparation at any time of day or night. (Breadmaker/Slllltterstock.com)

II

\,

Figure 917. Design the laundry room w ith plenty of s pace for ironing or folding clothes.
( pics721/SllIIfterstock.col/I)

Printed for:

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Section 2

'"

Architectural Planning

Garage or Carport
DRAWERS

FOlDING

LAUNORY ROOM
10' ~ '"

H'UH'OWN
IRONING

"""

""'""

C""'"

Figure 9-18. A laundry room that provides space

for w<lshing, drying, ironing, folding, and storage.

GJ

D
D

W'""
W

...

Ironing boIIrcI

'laundry tub

Width

,."
,..

""

Width

,."

,."

""',,""
20"

""

Dry"

Height
23--37-

-'
'W

,..
""

Depth

Height

26"

43 l f2:-

W..her

""'~
,."

HelQhl
43 112-

Figure 9-19. Symbols and sizes for common

items used in a laundry room.

A /Ill/droom is a room connected directly

to a service entrance. Its purpose is to provide
a place to remove and s tore overcoats, muddy
bOOIS, and other outdoor gea r. Mudrooms are
particularly useful in cold climates. Not only do

they keep snowy gear out of the main part of

the house, bu t they also provide a windbreak
between the outside en try and the inte rior of
the home. Ln some homes, the mud room and
laundry room may be combined.

Printed for:

The p rima ry purpose of a ga rage or ca rport is to provide shelter for the homeowner 's
cars. The ga rage or carport may be s mall and
simple or large and complex. In addition, it ca n
be attached to the house or detached (freestand ing). See Figure 9-20.
Several factors s hould be considered when
d eciding between a garage and a carport. A
carport is open on one or more s ides. As such,
it provides less protection and securi ty for
th e car than a ga rage. However, certain house
s ty les look better with a carport, while other
styles look better with a garage. In very cold or
very hot clima tes, a garage may be more desirable. Carports are less expensi ve to build tha n
garages and are often an excellent choice for
temperate climates.

Size and Location

The s ize and location of the garage or carport will depend on the number of ca rs to be
h oused, the s ize and layout of the house, and
the s pace ava ilable. A sing le-car faci lity may
range in s ize from 11' x 19' to 16' x 25'. A space
d esigned for two ca rs may be as s mall as 20' x
20' or as large as 25' x 25'.
To be handicapped accessible, a garage
or ca rport should be a minimum of 24' long.
This will provide space for a wheelch air to
pass in front or in back of the car. A minimum
of 5' s hould be planned on the s ide of the car
for a door to be fully opened and a wheelchair
p laced next to the car. A width of 12' to 14-1/2'
is recommended for one car and a wheelchair.
Sec Figure 9-21.

Desig
A garage o r carport shou ld be designed as

a n integral part of the sty le o f the tota l s tructure. This does not mean that the facility must
be a ttached. However, if care is not taken, an
attached or detached ga rage or ca rport can
d etract fro m the appearance of the house.
If the garage is detached (frees tanding),
a wa lkway should be provided to the house.

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Chapte r 9

Planning the Service Area

229

B
Figure 9-20. A-This home includes a hvo-story carp)rt. (jessie Eldora Robertsoll/Slwtterstock.com) B-The garage
in this house is designed to fit well with the style of the rest of the house. (Linda JoJ1I1S(m/xmgh/Sll1Itterstock.colII)

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Chapter 9

Pll1nning the Service Area

231

r(=-=-o-:=-=-=-o-:=-=-=-c-,=-=-=,'========iLl-------j

II
II
II
II
II
II
II
I

I
I
I
I

II
II

"
"I

COVERED
WAl'fI:WAY

1.-------

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- ---=---==-11= ===3-r-----:..---:...---------:.........;-~~ ~
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Figure 9-22. This pl.,n shows a detached garage with a covered walkway to the house.

As you des ign the garage or carport fo r a

home. keep the followi ng ideas in mind:
Th e floor of the garage or carport should
be cQI,crete at least 4'" thick and reinforced
with steel or w ire mesh.
Good floor drainage is important.
However, many cities prohibit 11 floor
d rain in the garage.

Include an ample number of windows

fo r ventilation and natural lighting in a

garage.
Printed for:

Sup plemen t natural ligh ting with artificial

ligh ting.
If the garage is attached to the house, be
s ure to check the loca l bu ilding codes
for special requirements regarding fire
protection.
Be sure to plan the garage o r carport
for a standard-size car even though the
prospective owner may have a compact
car. If necessa ry, adjust the design for
large r vehicles.

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Previous Page Next Page

Section 2

Architectural Planning

STOA.

CARPORT

13'

~24'

OPEN
CARPORT

2O'x2S'

UT ILITY

STORAGE

OPEN

OPEN

WORKBENCH AND
CABINETS

STORAGE
STORAGE

STORAGE

TWO-CAR GARAGE
20' x 20'
PLUS STORAGE

STORAGE

TWO-CAR GARAGE

25'.25'
STORAGE

STORAGE

Figure 9-21. The size of the garage or carport depends on its intended use. A- The single-car carport
on the left is small with no storage facilities. The single-car carport on the right has ample storage and
provides enough space for wheelchair access. B-The two-car garage on the left has adequate storage.
nil:! I WU-L<lr ~arilge UJ I llll:! ri ~llt is mudl ldr~cr <lIIJ L<l11 pru\' iJc buth 1>turd~c <lJIO.I w l ltxklld i r <lLCC1>1>.

The walkw<lY should lead to the serviceentrance

and provide easy access to the kitchen. In some
climates, a covered walkway may be desirable.
See Figure 9-22.
Plan the garage or carport with storage
in mind . Prov ide space for outdoor recre<ltion

equipmen t and ga rdening tools, if no other

specific faci lity is provided for that purpose.
Many homes have a garage that is fu ll of tools
and other equipment and the car cannot be
parked inside. This is often a resu lt of poor
planning.

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230 Section 2 Architectural Planning STOR. CARPORT OPEN 13 24 CARPORT UTILITY 20 25 STORAGE OPEN OPEN A WORKBENCH AND CABINETS STORAGE STORAGE
STORAGE TWO-CAR GARAGE STORAGE TWO-CAR GARAGE 20 20 25 25 PLUS STORAGE STORAGE STORAGE B Figure 9-21. The size of the garage or carport depends on its
intended use. AThe single-car carport on the left is small with no storage facilities. The single-car carport on the right has ample storage and provides enough space for wheelchair access. BThe
two-car garage on the left has adequate storage. The two-car garage on the right is much larger and can provide both storage and wheelchair access. The walkway should lead to the service entrance
equipment and gardening tools, if no other and provide easy access to the kitchen. In some specifi c facility is provided for that purpose. climates, a covered walkway may be desirable. Many homes
have a garage that is full of tools See Figure 9-22. and other equipment and the car cannot be Plan the garage or carport with storage parked inside. This is often a result of poor in mind. Provide space
for outdoor recreation planning.
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Section 2

232

Honesty and Ethics in the Workplace

When you accept a job, your employer
counts on you to be honest and act with integrity.
Unfortunately, some people abuse this trust. For
example, they may arrive at work a few minutes
late every morning or leave a few minutes early

in the afternoon. This may not sound like much,

but someone who consistently arrives 5 minutes
late and leaves 5 minutes early is cheating the
employer oul of 50 minutes of work lime every
week. Over the course of a year, this adds up to
more than 40 hours-a full week! This is one form
of dishonesty in the workplace.
Theft is another common form of dishonesty
in the workplace. In many cases, it may be
something small , such as a pen or a pad of
sticky noles. Even though the item may not be
worth much , theft is theft, and it costs employers
millions of dollars each year.

Arc hitectural Planning

A good employee is aware of these issues

and takes care to avoid dishonesty in any form.
But what if you notice someone else being
dishonest? Do you report the individual to your
supervisor? If you do choose to report it, will
this jeopardize your working relationship with
the accused employee? Will you feel guilty for
reporting the issue? Will you question your
decision to act in a responsible way? You should
think about these issues so that you can act
appropriately when such situations occur.

Activity
You have just started to work for an
architectural design firm. The supervisor has
assigned you to train with another employee
who has two years of work experience with this
fi rm. Your trainer is in charge of ordering and
stocking the numerous office supplies that are in
use althe firm. When the office supply company
delivers a rather large order, you see your trainer
loading three boxes of ink cartridges into her
car. Should you confront Ihe person with your
knowledge of this alleged theft? Should you
report this matter 10 the supervisor? Do you think
this is a test on the trainer's part to see if you will
say anything about this alleged theft? Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper and share
your opinions wilh the class.

Doors

Driveway

Garage doors are often called over/read

doors. They are avai lable in standard sizes
and come in wood , fiberglass, plastic or vinyl,
aluminum, an d steel. Wood has been a traditional choice and is still preferred by many, but
it requires frequent painting and is expensive.
Meta l doors are inexpen sive and require little
maintenance . Fiberglass is very durable and
may allow some natural light to come throug h
even when the door is closed.
A single-car garage door is usually 8' or 9'
wide and 7' or 8' high. A two-car garage door is
usually 16' wide and 7' or 8' high. Recreational
vehicles may requ ire a higher garage door.
Garage doors are also produced in widths of 18'.

The d riveway should be planned along

with the garage. The minimum driveway
w idth is 10' for a single-car garage. A two-car
garage requires a wider driveway, at least at the
entrance to the ga rage.
If space is available, a turnaround is often
recommended . This allows the dri ver to turn
the vehicle around when exiting the drivew ay and dri ve forwa rd onto the s treet. Backing the vehicle d irectly o nto the street s hould
be avoided when possible, but is not always
achievable due to the constraints of a s ubd ivi sion. Figure 9-23 shows two turnarounds with
dimensions.

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Chapte r 9

Planning the Service Area

233

Garage

Garage

10' -0

18' - 0

",

"
Driveway turnaround for
a singte-car garage

;,

Driveway turnaround for

a two-car garage

",

"

Street

Street

Figure 9-23. Standard dimensions of turnarounds for single- and two-car garages,

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Previous Page Next Page

Chapter 9

Review

Summary

The service area supplies equipment

and space for maintenance, storage, and
service.
Planning an efficient kitchen involves the
proper placement of appliances, storage
cabinets, and food preparation facilities.
For an efficient kitchen work space, the
work triangle should not exceed 21',
The kitchen should be located near the
service entrance to the ga rage.
Good ventilation and lighting a re
important requirements in the kitchen.
A laundry room provides an area for
washing, drying, pressing, folding, and
storing clothes.
The size and location of the garage or
carport depends on the number of cars
to be housed, the size and layout of the
house, and the space available.
If the garage is attached to the house, be
sure to check the local bui lding codes
for special requirements regarding fire
protection.

Internet Resources
Americans with Disabiliti es Act (ADA )
ADA Standards for Accessible Design
Kra ftmaid
Sou rce for kitchen cabinets and ideas
Me rill at
Source for kitchen cabinets and ideas
Overhead Door

Residential and commercial garage doors

Rayn or
Residential and commercial garage doors
Whirl pool
Appliances and kitchen collections

234

Ir

Chapter Activities

Go to tile companion website to complete

~ Ihe Chapter Activities.
.
www,g-wlearning.comJarchltecture/

Review Questions
Write your answers Oil a separate sheet of paper.
Do II0t write ill II/is book.

1. Which rooms or areas in a house are

included in the service area?
2. What is a work triangle, and how docs it
affect kitchen design?
3. Identify the six basic kitchen s tyles.
4. How is a s traight-line kitchen different
from a corridor kitchen?
5. What is the difference between an
L-shaped kitchen and a U-shaped kitchen?
6. How high and deep are most standard
base cabinets for kitchens?
7. Name three options to make a kitchen more
accessible fo r a person in a wheelchair.
8. Which kitchen appliances are routinely
shown on the floor p lan for a kitchen?
9. What is the purpose of a mudroom?
10. What is the difference between a garage
and a carport?

Suggested Activities
1. Visi t an appliance store and obtilin
literature on the newest kitchen appliance
designs. Prepare a bulletin board display
using pictures from the Literature.
2. Secure specifications and price I.is ts of
kitchen cabinets from il manufacturer.
Using CADD, plan a kitchen using the
cabinets from that manufacturer. Draw
the plan view and elevations. Identify the
cabinets using the manufacturer 's numbers
and dimension the drawings. Calculate the
total cost of the cabinets you specified.

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Chapter 9 Review Summary Chapter Activities Go to the companion website to complete The service area supplies equipment the Chapter Activities. and space for maintenance, storage, and www.gwlearning.com/architecture/ service. Planning an effi Review Questions cient kitchen involves theproper placement of appliances, storage cabinets, and food preparation facilities. Write your answers
on a separate sheet of paper. For an effi Do not write in this book. cient kitchen work space, the work triangle should not exceed 21. 1. Which rooms or areas in a house are The kitchen should be
located near the included in the service area? service entrance to the garage. 2. What is a work triangle, and how does it Good ventilation and lighting are affect kitchen design? important requirements
in the kitchen. 3. Identify the six basic kitchen styles. A laundry room provides an area for 4. How is a straight-line kitchen different washing, drying, pressing, folding, and from a corridor kitchen?
storing clothes. 5. What is the difference between an The size and location of the garage or L-shaped kitchen and a U-shaped kitchen? carport depends on the number of cars 6. How high and deep
are most standard to be housed, the size and layout of the base cabinets for kitchens? house, and the space available. 7. Name three options to make a kitchen more If the garage is attached to the
house, be accessible for a person in a wheelchair. sure to check the local building codes for special requirements regarding fi 8. Which kitchen appliances are routinely re protection. shown on the fl oor
plan for a kitchen? 9. What is the purpose of a mudroom? Internet Resources 10. What is the difference between a garageand a carport? Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) ADA Standards for
Accessible Design Suggested Activities Kraftmaid Source for kitchen cabinets and ideas 1. Visit an appliance store and obtain literature on the newest kitchen appliance Merillat designs. Prepare a
bulletin board display Source for kitchen cabinets and ideas using pictures from the literature. Overhead Door 2. Secure specifi cations and price lists of Residential and commercial garage doors kitchen
cabinets from a manufacturer. Raynor Using CADD, plan a kitchen using the Residential and commercial garage doors cabinets from that manufacturer. Draw the plan view and elevations. Identify the
Whirlpool cabinets using the manufacturers numbers Appliances and kitchen collections and dimension the drawings. Calculate the total cost of the cabinets you specifi ed. 234
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Chapler 9

[,lanning the Service Area

3. Obtain three floor plans from magazines or

other sources. Analyze the provisions for
laundering clothes in each plan. Explain
the strengths and weaknesses of each.
Propose improvements where needed.
4. Measure the length and w idth of a
standard-size car. Using CA DD, design a
full-size plan (top) view symbol for a car.
5. Using CADD, design a single-car garage
that provides adequate space for the car
you drew in the previous activity, plus
space for extra storage. Use the car symbol
to help plan the garage.
6. Using CA DD, draw kitchen symbols from
this chapter. Add these to your symbol
library for future use.

A longtime client has come to your architectural office to discuss ideas for an addition
to his home. H is home is at the edge of a large
wooded park that has many trails and provides
much entertainment for his famil y. However,
his entire family is tired of having to clean up
the debris that they constantly track in from
the surrou nding woods. Also, the washer and
dryer are currently in the garage, which makes
laund ry a hot chore in the summer and a cold
one in the winter. He wants to add a combination mudroom and laundry room, but he wants
to keep the laundry area separate from the dirtier mudroom area.
Given this basic p reliminary information,
answer the following questions. Write you r
answers on a separate sheet of paper. Do not
write in this book.
1. What type of additional service area
square footage would you recommend for
this dient?
2. What cabinets and appliances w ill be
needed?
3. How could you keep the laundry area
separate from the mudroom area?

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235

Certification Prep
The following qllestiollS are presellted ill the style
llsed ill the America1l Design Drafting Associatioll
(ADDA) Drafter Certificatioll Test. Write your
answers Oil a sepnrate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following are considered to
be kitchen styles?
A. Corridor
B. U-shaped
C. Split-level
D. Contemporary
E. Island
2. Which of the following statements are true?
A. The minimum driveway width is 12'
for a single-car garage.
B. The straigh t-line kitchen sty le is
frequen tly used in s mall houses,
cottages, and apartments.
C. The peninsula kitchen is a popular
s tyle because it provides plenty of
workspace.
D. Mudroom is another term for a laundry
room.
3. Which of the following s tatements are false?
A. The kitchen shou ld be located near the
service entrance to the garage.
B. Most U-shaped kitchens a re large,
with the open space behveen the legs
of the U being about 9' or 10',
C. Careful consideration of all
specifications and design
requirements is an essential part of
developing the kitchen plan.
D. To be handicapped accessible, a garage
should be a minimum of 20' long.

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Sect ion 2

1. Social Science. Culture has played an

important part in the development of

service areas in residentia l architectural
design . Research cultural innuences on
the inclusion of kitchens, pantries, and
laundry rooms from the earliest home
designs to the most modern. Collect
illustrations of each, and assemble them
into an jlJustrated presentation for
PowerPoi nt. In your presentation, include
a summary section that compa res and
contrasts these sty les.
2. Langua ge Arts. If you were going to
design a home fo r yourself, which of the
six basic kitchen styles would you use?
Why? Would you ma ke a ny changes to the
basic style? Prepare a three-minute speech
and present it to the class. Use visua l aids
to illustrate your points.

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Architectu ral Planning

1. Technology. Think abou t the technology

tha t is used every day in the ki tchen. For
exa mple, people cook with stovetops,
ovens, or ranges, keep food chilled. or
frozen in a refrigerator, wash dishes in a
dishwasher, and g rind up wastes in a food
disposer. You may take these items for
gra nted, bu t the first practica l d ishwasher
for residen tial usc was not introduced
until the 19205. Dishwashers did not
become standard ki tchen appliances until
as late as the 1970s.
Today, techno logy is advancing at a
rapid rate. How wi ll technology affect the
appliances we use in the kitchen? Conduct
research to find out what ideas inventors
are developing for kitchen appliances.
Then w rite an essay describing what you
think the ki tchen of the future will be like.

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