Microsoft Project 2013 Tieng Viet by Kienking PDF

Kienking@Gmail.
com
Microsoft Project 2013 by Kienking@Gmail.com
Thut ng

Sau y l cc thut ng m c th bn s gp khi s dng phn mm MS Project 2013:
24 Hours Calender-Lch lm vic 24 gi trong ngy
Actual cost- Chi ph thc t
Actual-Thc t din ra
Assigned Resource- Ti nguyn c phn cng
Auto Scheduled-Ch tin t ng
Available-c sn, sn sng lm vic
Bar chart-Biu thanh bar.
Base Calenlar-Lch c s
Baseline cost- Chi ph c s
Baseline work-Thi gian lm vic lu trong ng c s so snh
Baseline-ng c s so snh
Budget-Ngn sch
Constraint date-Ngy b rng buc ca nhim b
Constraint- Rng buc
Constraint type-Loi rng buc ca nhim v
Cost Resource-Ti nguyn chi ph
Cost Table-Bng v chi ph
Cost/Use hoc Cost per use-Chi ph mi ln s dng
Cost-Chi ph
Critical Path- L trnh then cht
Critical Task-Nhim v thuc l trnh then cht
Cumulative cost-Chi ph tch ly
Current cost- Chi ph hin ti
Current date-Ngy hin ti
Current date-Ngy hin ti
Data map-nh x d liu.
Date Range-Phm vi cc ngy t ngy ny n ngy ny
Deadline date-Ngy hn cht
Delay times- Thi gian tr hon
Drill down-khoan xung
Driven Successor Task- Nhim v k nhim b dn ng
Driving constrain- Rng buc pht ng
Driving Predecessor Task- Nhim v tin nhim pht ng
Duration-Thi hn thc hin
Effort driven-N lc nh hng tin .
Thut ng

Entry Table-Bng nhp d liu u vo
Exception-Ngoi l
Expand/collapse-Bung ra/thu li.
Extenal task- Nhim v bn ngoi (khng thuc cng k hoch)
Filter-Lc d liu
Finish-Ngy kt thc
Fixed Cost Accrual Cch tnh chi ph tch ly ca chi ph c nh
Fixed Duration-Thi hn thc hin c c nh
Fixed Units-Lng phn cng c c nh
Fixed Work-Thi gian lm vic c c nh
Format-nh dng
Free slack- Thi gian chng t do
Fulltime-Lm gi (v d ngy 8 ting)
Gantt Chart view-Khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Gantt chart views-Cc khung nhn biu Gantt.
Global Template: -Mu ton cc
Group-Phn nhm
Gird timephased- Li pha thi gian
Highlight-Lm ni bt
ID-Identity- S th t nh dng c nhn
Inactivate-Dng s hot ng ca nhim v
Incompleted Task-Nhim v cha hon thnh
Incomplete-ang d dang, cha hon thnh
Indicator-Ch th
Interim plan-K hoch tm thi.
Interval-Khong gi tr l tt c cc gi tr nm gia hai gi tr c th no .
Lag days S ngy tr
Lag time: -Thi gian tr
Late Task- Nhim v b chm
Lead time: -Thi gian sm
Level Resource- Cn i ti nguyn
Link-Lin kt gia cc nhim v
Manually Scheduled-Ch tin th cng
Material Resource-Ti nguyn nguyn vt liu
Max Units-Cng sut lm vic ti a
Milestonre Task-Nhim v ct mc
Thut ng

N/A: -Not applicable, khng p dng
Night Shift Calender-Lch lm vic theo ca
NonWorking-Khng lm vic
Outline-Trnh by theo dng cng
Overallocated- Phn b vt mc
Overtime Pay rate-Mc lng lm thm gi
Overtime-Thm gi
Ovt.Rate-Overtime Rate, mc lng lm thm gi
Pane-Bng iu khin
Panel-bng iu khin
Pay rate-Mc lng
Peak Units-Lng phn cng theo hnh chp
Pie chart-Biu trn.
Plan- K hoch thc hin d n hoc vit tt l k hoch d n, k hoch
Plan-K hoch, d kin
Predecessor Task-Nhim v tin nhim
Progress bar-Thanh bar tin trin
Progress Tin trin ca nhim v, th hin s thc hin ngoi thc t ca nhim v
n u.
Project Calendar-Lch ca d n
Project Summary task-Nhim v tng qut ca d n
Prorated-Tnh chi ph tch ly ca cc chi ph c nh theo t l phn trm hon thnh ca
nhim v
Quick Access Toolbar-Thanh cng c truy cp nhanh
Recurring Task-Nhim v nh k
Relationship Type- Loi quan h ph thuc
Remaining duration-Thi gian thc hin cn li
Remaining work-Thi gian lm vic cn li
Remaining-Cn li, cha hon thnh
Report-Bo co
Resource Calendar-Lch ca ti nguyn
Resource Leveling: -Cn i ti nguyn
Resource pool-Qu ti nguyn
Resource Range-Phm vi th t t ti nguyn c s ID ny n s ny
Resource Unit Cost-Chi ph cho mt n v ti nguyn
Resource-Ti nguyn
Roll-down: -Cun xung
Thut ng

Roll-up: -St nhp, cun ln
Schedule Table-Bng v tin
Schedule Calendar-Lch d n
Schedule - Tin hoc lch trnh thc hin d n
Share Plan/Project/File-K hoch/d n/tp tin chia s
Share Resource-Ti nguyn chia s
Sharer plan-K hoch chi s
Slack-Thi gian chng
Slippage- S trt tin
Slipping Task- Nhim v b trt tin
Soft-Phn loi d liu
Split-Chia tch nhim v
Standard Calendar-Lch tiu chun (8 ting mt ngy, t th hai n th 6)
Standard Pay rate-Mc lng trung bnh
Start-Ngy bt u
Status date-Ngy trng thi
Std.Rate-Standard Rate, mc lng trung bnh
Subproject-D n con
SubTask-Nhim v con
Successor Task-Nhim v k nhim
Summary Table-Bng v cc gi tr tng
Summary task-Nhim v khi qut
Table-Bng
Task Calendar-Lch ca nhim v
Task Mode-Ch tin ca nhim v
Task Path-L trnh hay ng i ca nhim v
Task Range-Phm vi th t t nhim v c s ID ny n s ny
Task Relationship-Mi quan h v nhim v
Task type-Loi ca nhim v
Task-Nhim v
Timescale- Thi gian biu
Total Slack-Thi gian chng ton b
Type trong khung nhn v ti nguyn-Loi ca ti nguyn: Ti nguyn lm vic (Work); ti
nguyn chi ph (Cost) v ti nguyn nguyn vt liu (Material).
Tracking Table-Bng theo di s thc hin
Tracking-Theo di
Thut ng

Unit-Lng phn cng
Units-Lng phn cng
Usage Table-Bng thng dng
Variance Table-Bng v s khng n khp
Variance-S khng n khp (sai lch)
View-Khung nhn
Work Contour-ng bin thi gian lm vic
Work- Cng vic
Work Resource-Ti nguyn lm vic
Work Table-Bng v thi gian lm vic
Work- Thi gian lm vic
Working time-Lch trnh thi gian lm vic trong ngy
Working-Lm vic
Thut ng
MC LC
STT
I.
Ni dung
Trang
Chng I: Gii thiu v Microsoft Project 2013
1.1
Giao din lm vic
1.2
Khung nhn Backstage
1.3
Tab v Ribbon
1.4
Khung nhn
12
1.5
Bo co
16
II.
Chng II: Bt u mt k hoch d n mi
20
2.1
Bt u mt k hoch d n mi v thit lp ngy bt u ca n
21
2.2
Thit lp ngy khng lm vic trong lch d n
23
2.3
Nhp tiu v cc thuc tnh khc ca k hoch
26
III.
Chng III: Xy dng mt danh sch cc nhim v
28
3.1
Nhp tn ca nhim v
29
3.2
Nhp thi hn thc hin ca nhim v
31
3.3
Nhp nhim v ct mc quan trng
35
3.4
To ra cc nhim v khi qut to cng cho k hoch
36
3.5
To ra cc ph thuc v nhim v bng cc lin kt
39
3.6
Chuyn ch tin ca nhim v t th cng sang t ng
44
3.7
Kim tra thi hn thc hin v ngy kt thc ca k hoch
46
3.8
Ch thch cho nhim v vi ghi ch v siu lin kt
48
IV.
Chng IV: Thit lp cc ti nguyn
51
4.1
Nhp tn ca ti nguyn lm vic
52
4.2
Nhp kh nng lm vic ti a ca ti nguyn
54
4.3
Nhp cc mc lng ca ti nguyn
55
4.4
iu chnh thi gian lm vic trong lch ti nguyn
58
4.5
Thit lp ti nguyn chi ph
61
4.6
Ch thch cho ti nguyn bng ghi ch
62
Mc lc

V.
Chng V: Phn cng ti nguyn ti nhim v
65
5.1
Phn cng cc ti nguyn lm vic ti cc nhim v
66
5.2
Kim sot thi gian lm vic khi thm hoc bt cc s phn cng ti nguyn
72
5.3
Phn cng ti nguyn chi ph ti cc nhim v
76
5.4
Kim tra thi hn thc hin, chi ph v thi gian lm vic ca k hoch
77
VI.
Chng VI: nh dng v chia s k hoch
81
6.1
Ty bin mt khung nhn biu Gantt
82
6.2
Ty bin mt khung nhn Timeline
88
6.3
Ty bin cc bo co
90
6.4
Sao chp cc khung nhn v bo co
92
6.5
In cc khung nhn v bo co
96
VII.
Chng VII: Theo di s thc hin ca k hoch
101
7.1
Lu mt ng c s cho k hoch ca bn
102
7.2
Theo di s thc hin ng nh k hoch tin n mt ngy c th
105
7.3
Nhp gi tr phn trm hon thnh ca nhim v
106
7.4
Nhp cc gi tr thc t cho nhim v
109
Chng VIII: Nng cao vic lp tin cho nhim v
113
8.1
Xem mi quan h gia cc nhim v bng Task Path
114
8.2
iu chnh mi quan h lin kt cc nhim v
117
8.3
Thit lp cc rng buc ca nhim v
121
8.4
Gin on s lm vic trong nhim v
126
8.5
iu chnh thi gian lm vic ca cc nhim v ring l
128
8.6
Kim sot vic ln tin ca nhim v bng loi ca nhim v
130
IX.
Chng IX: Tinh chnh cc chi tit ca nhim v
136
9.1
Nhp ngy hn cht
137
9.2
Nhp chi ph c nh
139
9.3
Thit lp nhim v nh k
140
9.4
Quan st l trnh then cht ca d n
143
VIII.
Mc lc

9.5
Ln tin cho nhim v khi qut bng th cng
145
X.
Chng X: Tinh chnh ti nguyn v cc chi tit v s phn cng
148
10.1
Thit lp s sn sng lm vic ca ti nguyn p dng cho cc thi im

khc nhau
149
10.2
Nhp nhiu mc lng cho mt ti nguyn
151
10.3
Thit lp cc mc lng khc nhau ca ti nguyn p dng ti cc thi

im khc nhau.
152
10.4
Thit lp ti nguyn nguyn vt liu
154
10.5
Tr hon s bt u ca s phn cng
155
10.6
p dng ng bin cho s phn cng
156
10.7
p dng cc mc lng khc nhau ti cc s phn cng
160
10.8
Phn cng cc ti nguyn nguyn vt liu ti cc nhim v
161
10.9
Xem kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn
163
10.10
iu chnh s phn cng trong khung nhn Team Planner
165
XI.
Chng XI: Tinh chnh k hoch ca d n
170
11.1
Kim tra s phn b ca ti nguyn theo thi gian
171
11.2
Gii quyt s phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn bng th cng
175
11.3
Cn i cc ti nguyn b phn b vt mc
178
11.4
Kim tra chi ph v ngy kt thc ca k hoch
184
11.5
Dng s hot ng ca nhim v
186
XII.
Chng XII: T chc sp xp cc chi tit ca k hoch
189
12.1
Sp xp cc chi tit ca k hoch
190
12.2
Phn nhm cc chi tit ca k hoch
193
12.3
Lc cc chi tit ca k hoch
196
12.4
To ra cc bng mi
200
12.5
To ra cc khung nhn mi
203
XIII.
Chng XIII: Theo di tin trin ca nhim v v s phn cng
207
13.1
Cp nht ng c s
208
Mc lc

13.2
Theo di cc gi tr thc t v cc gi tr cn li ca cc nhim v hoc cc

s phn cng
212
13.3
Theo di thi gian lm vic thc t theo pha thi gian ca cc nhim v hoc
s phn cng.
216
13.4
Ln li tin cho cc cng vic d dang
220
XIV.
Chng XIV: Xem v bo co tnh trng ca d n
223
14.1
Xc nh cc nhim v b trt tin
224
14.2
Kim tra cc chi ph ca nhim v
229
14.3
Kim tra cc chi ph ca ti nguyn
231
14.4
Bo co s khng n khp v chi ph ca d n bng khung nhn Stoplight
233
XV.
Chng XV: a d n theo di tr li
237
15.1
Khc phc cc vn v thi gian v tin
238
15.2
Khc phc cc vn v chi ph v ti nguyn
244
15.3
Khc phc cc vn v phm vi ca cng vic
247
XVI.
Chng XVI: p dng nh dng v in n cao cp
250
16.1
nh dng khung nhn biu Gantt
251
16.2
nh dng khung nhn Timeline
256
16.3
nh dng khung nhn Network Diagram
258
16.4
nh dng khung nhn Calendar
262
16.5
Khung nhn in n v xut
264
Chng XVII: nh dng bo co cao cp
269
17.1
nh dng cc bng trong bo co
270
17.2
nh dng cc biu trong bo co
277
17.3
To ra mt bo co ty chnh
282
XVIII. Chng XVIII: Ty chnh MS Project
289
XVII.
18.1
Chia s cc thnh phn ty chnh gia cc k hoch
290
18.2
Ghi li cc Macro
294
18.3
Chnh sa Macro
298
18.4
Ty chnh giao din ribbon v cng c Quick Access Toolbar
301
Mc lc

XIX.
Chng XIX: Chia s thng tin vi cc phn mm, ng dng khc
307
19.1
Sao chp d liu Project ti cc chng trnh khc
308
19.2
M cc nh dng tp tin khc trong Project
312
19.3
Lu sang mt nh dng tp tin khc trong Project
316
19.4
To ra cc bo co trc quan vi Excel v Viso
319
XX.
Chng XX: Hp nht cc d n v ti nguyn
323
20.1
To ra mt qu ti nguyn
324
20.2
Xem cc thng tin chi tit v s phn cng trong qu ti nguyn
328
20.3
Cp nht s phn cng trong k hoch chia s
330
20.4
Cp nht cc thng tin v mt ti nguyn trong qu ti nguyn
332
20.5
Cp nht thi gian lm vic ca tt c cc k hoch trong mt qu ti nguyn
334
20.6
Lin kt cc k hoch mi ti mt qu ti nguyn
336
20.7
Thay i cc s phn cng trong k hoch chia s v cp nhp ti mt qu ti

nguyn
339
20.8
Hp nht cc k hoch
343
20.9
To ra s ph thuc gia cc k hoch
346
XXI.
Ph lc A: Mt kha hc ngn v qun l d n
351
A.1
Hiu nh ngha mt d n
352
A.2
Tam gic d n: Xem xt d n v mt thi gian, chi ph v phm vi
353
A.3
Qun l cc rng buc ca d n: Thi gian, chi ph v phm vi
354
A.4
Qun l d n ca bn bng MS Project
356
Ph lc B: Pht trin cc k nng qun l d n ca bn
358
B.1
Tham d mt cng ng tm hiu v Project
359
B.2
Tham d mt cng ng tm hiu v qun l d n
360
XXII.
XXIII. Ph lc C: Cng tc gia Project, SharePoint v PWA
361
C.1
Gii thiu v vic chia s d n ca bn vi SharePoint
362
C.2
Gii thiu v s cng tc nhm vi Project Web App
365
C.3
Gii thiu v gii php qun l d n ca doanh nghip EPM
368
Mc lc
Gii thiu v Microsoft Project 2013
Chng I
1.1. Giao din lm vic

Bn c th bt u khi ng phn mm Project t menu Start ( trong Windows 7 ) hoc
mn hnh Start ( trong Windows 8), hoc bng cch m trc tip mt tp tin c ui m rng l
*.mpp. Trong chng ny, chng ta s bt u khi ng phn mm Project t menu Start v sau
tm hiu qua cc phn chnh bn trong giao din ca Microsoft Project 2013.
Bc 1: Kch vo nt Start
All Programs Microsoft Office 2013 Project 2013.
Mn hnh khi ng ca Project xut hin. y bn c th nhanh chng m cc tp tin

project no m gn y nht c m ra, hoc to ra mt d n -project mi hoc to ra mt
project mi da trn mt mu sn c.
Lu : Nu mn hnh khi ng nh trn khng xut hin khi bn bt u Project th hy

lm nh sau. Trn tab File kch Options. Trong hp thoi Project Options nhn vo General
bn di mc Start up options tch chn hp kim c nhn Show the Start screen when this
application starts.
Bc 2: Trn mn hnh khi ng ca Project bm vo Blank Project. Khi ca s lm

vic ca phn mm Project s xut hin nh hnh di y.
Ca s Project m bn nhn thy trn mn hnh my tnh ca bn c th c cht khc bit
so vi hnh nh minh ha trong cun sch ny. iu ny c th ph thuc vo phn gii mn
hnh my tnh ca bn hoc c th do c bt k s ty chnh giao din phn mm Project no
c thc hin trc trn my tnh ca bn.
Hy xem qua cc thnh phn chnh c trn giao din ca s lm vic ca Project:
* Quick Access Toolbar-Thanh cng c truy cp nhanh: y l mt khu vc ty chn ca
giao din Project m bn c th thm cc lnh m bn yu thch hoc thng xuyn s dng. S
ni chi tit phn sau.
* Tab v Ribbon: Dng thay th cho cc trnh n th xung (drop menu) v cc thanh
cng c truyn thng m bn lm quen vi chng cc phin bn trc ( T MS Project 2003
Chng I

tr v trc). Mi Tabs s lin quan n mt loi hnh hot ng trong Project. Ribbon (di) l
khu vc ng cha ng cc lnh m bn s s dng thc thi cc hnh ng trong Project.
Quick access toolbar
Nhm lnh
Lnh
Tr gip
Tab
Ribbon
View v tn
Thanh trng thi
Phm tt View
Thanh trt Zoom
* Nhm lnh: L tp hp cc lnh c lin quan ti nhau. Mi Tab s c chia thnh nhiu
nhm lnh.
* Lnh: L cc tnh nng ( hoc cng c) c th m bn s dng thc thi hnh ng trong
Project. Mi tab cha ng mt s lnh. Mt s lnh, chng hn nh Cut trn tab Task s thc
thi mt hnh ng ngay lp tc. Mt s lnh khc, chng hn nh lnh Change Working Time
trn tab Project th s hin th mt hp thoi hoc gi bn c th thm hnh ng theo cc
cch khc nhau. Hu ht cc lnh u c m t v n v bn c th xem m t mt lnh no
bng cch di chuyn con tr chut ti lnh cn tm hiu.
* View: L khung nhn xut hin trong ca s lm vic Project. Project c th hin th
mt khung nhn n hoc nhiu khung hnh khc nhau trong ca s lm vic.
* Tn khung nhn View: Xut hin dc theo cnh ngoi cng pha bn tri ca khung nhn
View. Project bao gm nhiu loi khung nhn khc nhau, v vy y chnh l mt li nhc nh
hu ch cho bn v loi ca khung nhn m bn ang m.
* Phm tt View: Cho php bn nhanh chng chuyn i gia mt s khung nhn thng
xuyn c s dng trong Project.
* Thanh trt Zoom: Dng thay i phm vi quan st ca khung nhn.
Chng I

* Thanh trng thi: S hin th mt s chi tit quan trng chng hn nh ch tin
ca nhim v mi ( l th cng hay t ng) v xem b lc no ang c p dng cho khung
nhn hin ti.
* Shortcut menu v Mini toolbar: c th truy cp thng qua vic kch chut phi bt k
mt mc d liu no m bn nhn thy trong mt khung nhn.
Shortcut menu
Mini toolbars
Lu : Mt khi bn bn bn khon khng bit nhng hnh ng no m bn c th thc thi

cho mt mc d liu no m bn nhn thy trong khung nhn ca Project, hy nhp chut phi
vo mc v nhng lnh c sn trn Shortcut menu chnh l nhn hnh ng m bn c th yu
cu n thc thi.
1.2. Khung nhn Backstage-Qun l cc tp tin v cc ty chn thit lp

Khung nhn Backstage l mt phn thuc giao din lm vic ca Project, v bn s thy
y l mt khung nhn Backstage tng t nh trong hu ht cc ng dng khc ca MS Office
2013. Khung nhn Backstage cha ng cc la chn v ty chnh v chia s, cng nh cc lnh
cn thit qun l tp tin nh Open, New v Save.
Bc 1: Kch vo tab File. Project s hin th khung nhn Backstage.
Bc 2: Nu my tnh ca bn khng hin th nh hnh di y, hy kch vo mc tab
Open nm pha bn tri ca khung nhn Backstage.
Khi khung nhn Backstage s hin th ty chn m cc tp tin (Open) cng nh danh
sch cc tp tin va m.
Chng I
Di y l lit k vn tt cc cc tab c trong khung nhn Backstage. Bn c th nhp vo

cc tab xem thm cc ty chn ring ca chng:
* Info: Cung cp cho bn s truy cp ti Organizer, mt tnh nng c s dng chia s
cc yu t c ty bin ging nh cc khung nhn gia cc k hoch; Organizer s c m
t trong Chng 18. Info cng cho bn thy cc thng tin v k hoch ang c m ra trong
Project, chng hn nh ngy bt u v kt thc, cc s liu thng k v cc thuc tnh cp caoAdvanced Properties. Bn s tm hiu v Advanced Properties trong Chng 2. Nu bn ang s
dng phin bn Project Professional cng vi Project Web App th bn cng c th truy cp ti
cc chi tit ca ti khon ca bn .
* New: Hin th cc ty chn to ra mt k hoch d n mi t u hoc da trn mt
mu c sn. Bn s tm hiu s dng vic s dng cc lnh trong chng tip theo.
* Open, Save , Save As v Close: l cc lnh qun l tp tin tiu chun.
* Print: Bao gm cc ty chn in ra mt k hoch d n, bn cng c th nh xem trc
khi in. S tm hiu cc tuy chn trong tab Print trong chng 6 v chng 16.
* Share: Bao gm ty chn ng b ha vi SharePoint hoc nh km mt k hoch
ti mt bc th in t-email.
* Export: Bao gm cc ty chn to ra mt tp tin nh dng Portable Document Format
(PDF) hoc XML Paper Specification (XPS) v cc ty chn cho vic xut ni dung cha ng
bn trong. Bn s tm hiu v chng trong chng 19.
* Account: Hin th cc dch v kt ni cng nh cc thng tin v phn mm MS Project
chng hn nh thng tin v phin bn Project m bn ang s dng. Vi mt ti khon Microsoft,
bn c th s dng cc dch v nh cc ng dng khc ca Office, chng hn nh lu tr tp tin
trc tuyn m my SkyDrive, v thit lp chuyn vng c nhn. Khi bn ng nhp, thng tin
ngi dng l bn s xut hin gc trn bn phi ca ca s lm vic ca Project.
* Options: Hin th hp thoi Project Options. Chnh bn thn hp thoi ny cng cha
ng nhiu tab v thng qua cc tab bn c th iu chnh mt lot cc hnh vi ca Project,
chng hn nh bn c mun hin th mn hnh khi ng khi bt u Project nh ni phn
u hay khng.
Lu : thot khi khung nhn Backstage, nhn nt Back gc pha trn bn tri ca
khung nhn Backstage. Hoc bn cng c th bm phm Escape.
Tip theo, bn s m tp tin thc hnh trong th mc c nh km vi cun sch ny.
Chng I

Bc 3: Nu giao din mn hnh Open khng thc s c nhn thy trong khung nhn
Backstage, kch Open.
Bc 4: Kch vo Computer, kch vo Browse, v sau dn n th mc
Practises/Chapter 1.
Bc 5: Chn tp tin Guided Tour_Start.mpp trong th mc v sau bm nt Open.
Tp tin thc hnh c m ra.
kt thc v d ny, bn s lu tp tin v d ny di mt ci tn khc.

Bc 6: Trn tab File, kch Save As.
Bc 7: Kch vo Computer, kch vo Browse sau dn dn n th mc
Practises/Chapter 1.
Bc 8: Trong hp nhp c nhn Filename, g Guided Tour v sau bm nt Save.
* Cc biu mu-Templates:
Thay v to ra mt k hoch d n bt u t u, bn c th c th s dng mt biu mu
d n m cha ng hu cc thng tin ban u m bn cn, chng hn nh tn v cc mi quan h
rng buc ca cc nhim v. Ngun cung cp biu mu bao gm:
- Cc biu mu c ci t cng vi Project. Chng c th thay i ty thuc vo cc ty
chn ci t m c bn la chn khi ci t Proejct ln my tnh ca bn.
- Cc biu mu t Office Online ti trang web www.office.com. Microsoft to ra mt s
lng ln cc mu d n c sn ti min ph thng qua web ny.
- Cc biu mu trong c quan t chc ca bn. Bn c th c ang trong mt t chc m
c mt th vin biu mu d n. Thng thng, cc mu ny cha cc nh ngha chi tit v nhim
v, cc s phn cng ti nguyn chi tit v cc chi tit c bit khc trong cho c quan t chc ca
bn.
xem cc biu mu c sn, kch vo tab File v chn New. Cc biu mu cng xut hin
trn mn hnh khi ng ca Project.
Ngoi ra, Project c th to ra mt tp tin mi da trn cc tp tin hin c ca Project hoc
t cc ng dng khc (Trn tab File, chn New, sau kch New from existing project hoc New
from Excel workbook hoc New from SharePoint tasks list).
Chng I

Bn cng c th to ra cc biu mu t cc k hoch d n ca bn s dng sau ny hoc
chia s. Mt mi lo ngi chung v cc k hoch c chia s l chng c th cha thng tin
nhy cm nh cc mc lng ca ti nguyn. Nhng bn c th lu mt k hoch d n l mt
biu mu v xo cc thng tin nh vy, cng nh cc thng tin v tin .
Bc 2: Dn n th mc m bn mun to ra mt biu mu mi da trn k hoch d n
ca bn.
Bc 3: Trong hp chn c nhn Save as type, chn Project Template.
Bc 4: Trong hp nhp c nhn File name, nhp tn cho tp tin biu mu m bn mun v
sau bm nt Save.
Bc 5: Khi hp thoi Save As Template xut hin, chn loi thng tin, chng hn nh cc
mc lng ca ti nguyn, m bn mun g b n khi biu mu.
K hoch d n gc khng b nh hng.
1.3. Tab v Ribbon

Tng t nh cc ng dng khc ca Office 2013, Project 2013 s dng giao din linh hot
m thng c gi l ribbon. Cc b phn ni bt nht ca giao din ny l cc tab v ribbon
c ko di pha trn ca ca s Project. Trong phn ny, bn s lm vic vi cc tab xem
lm chng c t chc nh th no.
Cc tab ny nhm hp l cc lnh c lin quan n nhau:
* Tab Task v Resoure lin quan n cc d liu m bn thng xuyn lm vic vi chng
trong Project.
* Tab Report cha ng cc lnh m bn c th s dng xem cc bo co v so snh hai
k hoch d n.
* Tab Project cha ng cc lnh m chng thng c p dng cho ton b k hoch,
chng hn nh thit lp thi gian lm vic ca k hoch.
* Tab View gip bn kim sot nhng g bn nhn thy trong ca s Project v cch thc
thng tin xut hin.
* Cc Tab ng cnh, chng hn nh tab Format (cc tab theo ng cnh khc m bn c
th bt gp bao gm tab Design v Layout) s khc nhau, ty thuc vo loi thng tin c hin
th trong khung nhn ang c m ra hoc ty thuc vo kiu loi ca mc d liu ang c
chn ti thi im . V d, khi mt khung nhn v nhim v nh khung nhn Gantt Chart c
hin th, th nhng lnh trn tab ng cnh Format dng p dng cho cc nhim v v cc yu
t ca biu Gantt Chart chng hn nh cc thanh bar Gantt. Ng cnh hin ti ca tab Format
xut hin bn trn nhn ca tab ny, v d Gantt Chart Tools.
V d: Tab Format ca khung nhn Gantt Chart:
Tab Format ca khung nhn Task Usage:
Chng I

Lu : Bn c th kch p vo tn ca mt tab thu gn (n i) hoc m ra ribbon ca
tab . Bn cng c th xem ribbon b thu gn ca mt tab no bng cch kch chut vo tn
ca tab, khi ribbon ca tab s xut hin tm thi v bn c th chn lnh m bn mun.
Tm hiu k hn v cc tab:
Cng ging nh tt c cc tab khc, tab Task cha ng mt lng ln cc lnh v cc

lnh ny c t chc thnh cc nhm lnh. Tab Task bao gm cc nhm lnh nh View,
Clipboard, Font v nhng nhm lnh khc .
Nu mn hnh my tnh ca bn h tr cm ng th hy kch hot cm ng chm-Touch (
Trn Quick Access Toolbar gc trn bn tri ca ca s Project, kch vo Touch/Mouse mode)
th cc lnh trn ribbon xut hin ln hn.
Mt s lnh s thc thi mt hnh ng ngay lp tc, trong khi c mt s lnh khc s
dn bn n nhiu la chn khc hn. Tip theo, bn s tm hiu v cc tab khc v cc kiu lnh.
Bc 1: kch vo tab Resource.
Ribbon ca Tab Resource xut hin thay th cho ribbon ca tab Task.
Bc 2: Trong nhm lnh Assignments, kch Assign Resources.
Lnh ny ngay lp tc c hiu lc v n s hin th hp thoi Assign Resource.
Chng I

Bn c th thc hin cc hnh ng khc trong ca s lm vic ca Project m khng cn
tt hp thoi Assign Resources vn hin th trn mn hnh.
Cn by gi chng s tt n.
Bc 3: Trong hp thoi Assign Resources, nhn nt Close.
Bc 4: Kch vo tab View.
Ribbon ca Tab ny l mt m hn hp cc loi lnh. Nh bn c th thy, mt s lnh,
chng hn nh lnh New Window, ch l mt ci nhn v biu tng.
Trong hu ht cc trng hp th loi lnh kiu ny s thc thi ngay lp tc mt hnh ng

sau khi kch chut vo n. Mt s lnh khc, nh Sort th bao gm mt biu tng, mt ci nhn
v mt hnh tam gic en nh.
Khi kch vo lnh kiu ny th n s hin th ra nhiu la chn khc nhau.

Bc 5: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data kch vo lnh Soft.
Lnh ny s hin th mt danh sch cc la chn v vic sp xp.
Mt loi lnh khc c gi l nt bm phn tch-Split button, qua n bn c th thc hin ngay
lp tc mt hnh ng hoc a ra cho bn nhiu la chn hn na. By gi hy xem xt mt v
d l nt bm Gantt Chart.
Biu tng
Nhn
- Kch vo phn biu tng ca lnh ny th ngay lp tc khung nhn hin ang m chuyn
sang khung nhn Gantt Chart.
- Kch vo phn nhn ca lnh ny ( hoc ch vo hnh tam gic nh mu en khi nhn
khng hin th) th n s cho bn thy thm cc thit lp c sn cho lnh .
Bc 6: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh View, kch vo nhn ca lnh Gantt Chart.
Chng I
Bc 7: Trong danh sch cc khung nhn xut hin, kch vo Calendar.

Project ngay lp tc s chuyn sang khung nhn Calendar.
Khung nhn Calendar ging nh mt cun lch bn truyn thng v trn hin th cc
nhim v l cc di mu ko qua cc ngy s thc hin cc nhim v .
Tip theo chng ta s quay li khung nhn Gantt Chart.

Chng I
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Bc 8: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh View, kch vo biu tng ca nt lnh Gantt
Chart.
Lu : Xuyn sut cun sch ny, khi bn nhn thy mt ngh kch vo mt lnh l nt
bm phn tch-Split button ( c mt biu tng v mt nhn + hnh tam gic nh mu en hin
th thm nhiu la chn) th c ngha l l chng ti mun bn kch vo biu tng (tr khi c ghi
ch khc).
Tip theo, chng s tm hiu v cc loi nt bm khc.
Bc 9: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Grantt Chart Style, kch vo nt More hin
th thm na cc phong cch-style c thit lp sn.
Nt More
Mt b su tp cc la chn phong cch th hin thanh bar trong biu Gantt c nh

dng sn xut hin.
Chng ta s tm hiu cc la chn phong cch ny chng 6.

Bc 10: Nhn phm Esc hoc kch vo u trn ca s lm vic Project ng b
su tp ny.
xem chi tit ty chn v nh dng thanh bar trong biu Gantt, chng ta s s dng
mt loi nt bm khc.
Bc 11: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Gantt Chart Style, kch vo nt bm Format
Bar Styles nt gc di cng bn phi ca nhm lnh.
Nt Format Bar Styles
Hp thoi Bar Styles s xut hin:
Chng I
11
Nt bm Format Bar Styles l mt v d v hp thoi Dialog Box Launcher. Khng ging

nh hp thoi Assign Resources bn thy trn, bn phi ng hp thoi Format Bar Styles
trc khi bn c th thc hin cc hnh ng khc bn ngoi ca hp thoi ny.
Bc 12: Kch vo nt Cancel ng hp thoi Bar Styles.
C nhiu cch khc nhau truy cp vo cc lnh trong Project, nhng nhng g bn
c tm hiu trn gn nh bao gm ht cc lnh c trn giao din lm ca s lm vic ca
Project.
Lu : Cc phm tt c cung cp khp ni trong Project. xem cc phm tt c sn
cho cc lnh hy nhn phm Alt. Mt s phm tt dng trong mt s ng cnh c th v mt s
phm tt khc c th dng trong sut qu trnh lm vic ca Project chng hn nh Undo (Ctrl+Z).
1.4. Khung nhn

Khung nhn-View chnh l khng gian lm vic trong Project. Project bao gm rt nhiu
loi khung nhn. Cc khung nhn c th bao gm: bng biu vi ha, bng biu vi thi gian
biu, ch c bng biu, biu , s v hnh thi-form. Vi mt s khung nhn th bn c th lc,
sp xp, hoc phn nhm d liu, cng nh ty chnh nhng loi d liu no c hin th. Bn
cng c th s dng v ty chnh cc khung nhn c cung cp bi Project hoc do bn t to.
Project c th cha ng rt nhiu cc khung nhn, nhng bn thng ch lm vic vi
mt ( hoc i khi hai ) khung nhn ti mt thi im. Bn s dng khung nhn nhp, chnh sa,
phn tch v hin th thng tin v k hoch ca bn. Khung nhn mc nh m bn nhn thy khi
bn to ra mt k hoc d n mi chnh l khung nhn Gantt Chart cng vi khung nhn Timeline.
Nhn chung, cc khung nhn tp trung vo nhim v, ti nguyn hoc cc chi tit v s
phn cng. V d khung nhn Gantt Chart, lit k cc chi tit ca nhim v trong mt bng t
pha bn tri ca khung nhn v hnh nh ha i din cho mi nhim v l mt thanh bar Gantt
trong phn biu t pha bn phi ca khung nhn. Khung nhn Gantt Chart l mt cch thc
ph bin dng th hin tin ca d n. Loi khung nhn ny cng rt hu ch cho vic nhp
v tinh chnh cc chi tit ca nhim v v cho c vic phn tch d n ca bn.
Trong phn ny, chng ta s bt u vi khung nhn Gantt Chart v sau s chuyn sang
cc khung nhn khc tp trung vo cc kha cnh khc ca k hoch.
Bc 1: Trn cc tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, kch vo hnh tam gic nh mu en
ca hp chn c nhn Timescale v chn Days.
Chng I
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Project s iu chnh thi gian biu-Timescale hin th tng ngy ring r. Nhng ngy
khng lm vic-Nonworking, chng hn nh ngy cui tun c mc nh sn l mu xm nht.
Timescale
Khu vc bng biu
Khu vc ha
Bn c th iu chnh thi gian biu-Timescale trong khung nhn Gantt Chart theo nhiu
cch. y, bn s dng hp chn c nhn Timescale trn tab View. Hoc bn cng c th s
dng thanh trt Zoom gc di cng pha bn phi ca thanh trng thi.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View, tch chn vo hp kim Timeline.
Project s hin th khung nhn Timeline khung vc pha trn khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Khung nhn Timeline ny c gn thm mt chi tit t k hoch ny. Bn s tm hiu cch to
ra mt khung nhn Timeline ty chnh trong Chng 6.
Chng I
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Bc 3: Kch vo bt c ni no trong khung nhn Timeline.
Lu : rng ci nhn pha trn tab Format s thay i thnh Timeline Tools. Cc lnh hin
th trong ribbon ca tab Format by gi l cc lnh c th dng p dng cho khung nhn
Timeline. Lu rng khi bn ang trong mt khung nhn no y th ci nhn pha trn tab
Format v cc lnh trong tab Format s thay i cho ph hp vi khung nhn .
Bc 4: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View, b tch chn khi hp km Timeline.
Project s n khung nhn Timeline. (Thng tin trong khung nhn khng b mt i m lc
ny n ch b n i).
Bc 5: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Resource Views, kch Resource Sheet.
Khung nhn Resource Sheet s thay th khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Chng I
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Khung nhn Resource Sheet hin th cc chi tit v cc ti nguyn trong mt cu trc d
liu gm c hng v ct ( c gi l bng), v mi ti nguyn s c t trong mt hng. Khung
nhn ny c gi l sheet view ( khung nhn bng). Mt loi khung nhn bng khc c gi l
Task Sheet view (khung nhn bng ca nhim v) lit k cc chi tit ca nhim v. Ngoi ra, lu
rng nhn ca tab ng cnh thay i thnh Resource Sheet Tools da trn khung nhn ang
c m ra.
Lu rng khung nhn Resource Sheet khng ni cho bn bt c iu g v cc nhim v
m cc ti nguyn s c phn cng ti. thy c loi thng tin ny, bn cn chuyn sang
mt khung nhn khc.
Bc 6: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Resource Views, kch Resource Usage.
Khung nhn Resource Usage s thay th Resource Views. Khung nhn Usage ny nhm
cc nhim v thnh cc nhm theo tng ti nguyn c phn cng n v cho bn thy cc cc
s phn cng v thi gian lm vic i vi mi ti nguyn trong mt biu thi gian, chng hn
nh hng ngy hoc hng tun.
Trong li pha thi gian nm pha bn phi ca khung nhn Resource Usage, bn c th
thy mt s s phn cng v thi gian lm vic ca Carole Poland trong k hoch. Hin ti, thi
gian biu ca khung nhn Resource Usage ny hin th thi gian lm vic c phn cng theo
tng ngy. Cng nh thi gian biu -timescale ca khung nhn Gantt Chart, bn c th iu chnh
biu thi gian ny bng cch s dng lnh Timescale c trn tab View hoc iu khin thanh trt
Zoom pha di cng bn phi thanh trng thi gc di bn phi trong ca s Project.
Mt loi khung nhn Usage khc, l khung nhn Task Usage, hin th tt c cc ti
nguyn c phn cng trong tng nhim v. Bn s lm vic nhiu hn vi cc khung nhn
Uasage trong Chng 8.
Bc 7: Trn tab View, trong lnh Task Views, kch Gantt Chart.
Khung nhn Gantt Chart xut hin.
Bc 8: Nu thy cn thit th di chuyn thanh cun ng-Scroll ca khung nhn Gantt
Chart nhim v th 12-Set pages ln trn cng gip vi thanh ribbon.
Bc 9: Trong ct c nhn l Task name kch chut vo nhim v th 12-Set pages.
Bc 10: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View, kch vo hp kim c nhn Details.
Khung nhn Task Form xut hin bn di khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Chng I
15
Trong ci kiu chia khung nhn nh th ny th Gantt Chart l khung nhn cp cao v Task
Form l khung nhn th cp. Cc chi tit v nhim v ang c chn trong khung nhn Gantt
Chart s xut hin trong khung nhn Task Form. Bn cng c th chnh sa trc tip cc gi tr
trong khung nhn Form Task. Bn s lm vic vi khung nhn Task Form trong chng 5 v lm
vic vi khung nhn tng t l Resource Form trong chng 4.
Bc 11: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View, b kch chn khi hp kim c nhn
Details.
Khung nhn Task Form b n i.
C rt nhiu loi khung nhn khc nhau trong Project. Bn c th nhn thy chng bng
cch kch vo lnh Other Views ri sau chn More Views, trong nhm lnh Task Views hoc
Resource Views trn tab View. Hy nh rng, trong tt c cc khung nhn ny cng nh tt c cc
khung nhn khc trong Project, bn ang xem xt cc kha cnh khc nhau ca tp hp cc chi tit
ging nhau v mt k hoch. Ngay c mt k hoch d n n gin cng c th cha ng qu
nhiu d liu hin th cng mt lc. S dng cc khung nhn gip bn tp trung vo cc chi
tit c th m bn mun.
1.5. Bo co
Cc phin bn trc ca Project cung cp cc bn bo co dng bng biu c thit
k ch yu cho vic in n. Trong Project 2013, bn bo co c tng cng rt nhiu, cho
php bn truyn ti d liu ca k hoch ca bn trong cc nh dng mi hp dn hn. Cc bn
bo co by gi gm c cc yu t nh biu -chart, bng biu v cc hnh nh truyn t tnh
trng ca k hoch ca bn, v chng c ty bin cao. Bn c th in hoc xem cc bn bo co
trc tip trong ca s Project ging nh bt k mt khung nhn no . Bn cng c th sao chp
v dn cc bn bo co vo cc ng dng khc, chng hn nh Microsoft PowerPoint.
Trong v d ny, bn s khm ph mt bn bo co.
Bc 1: Trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh Views Report, kch vo Resource ri kch vo
Resource Overview.
Bo co dng Resource Overview xut hin.
Chng I
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Bc 2: Di chuyn thanh cun dc xem tt c cc ni dung ca bo co.

Nh bn c th thy, bo co ny bao gm hai biu v mt bng biu.
Bc 3: Kc vo biu c nhn l Resource Starts.
Bn nhn thy hai iu xy ra khi bn lm vic ny.
- u tin, bng iu khin Field List xut hin pha bn phi ca ca s. Bn s dng
bng iu khin ny quyt nh nhng loi d liu no s c trong biu . Bn s ty bin cc
bng bo co trong Chng 6 v Chng 17.
- iu th hai m xy ra l nhn Report Tools, Chart Tools v cc tab ng cnh lin
quan ti chng s xut hin trn giao din lm vic ca Project.
Bc 4: Kch vo bng c nhn l Resource Status.
Chng I
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Mt ln na, bn s thy bng iu khin Field List xut hin v cc tab theo ng cnh
c cp nht phn nh rng by gi bn ang la chn mt bng biu trong bn bo co thay
v mt biu no .
Tip theo bn s khm ph cc tab ng cnh
Bc 5: Kch vo tab Design nm di nhn Report Tools.
y, bn c th nhn thy cc lnh c lin quan n ton b vic thit k ca bo co.

Bc 6: Kch vo tab Design nm di nhn Table Tools.
By gi bn s thy cc lnh dng p dng cho bng ang c chn trong bo co ny.
Bc 7: Kch vo tab Layout nm di nhn Table Tools.
Bn c th s dng cc lnh ny kim sot ton b vic b tr ca bng ang c chn.

Tip theo, chng ta s phn chia ca s hin th c khung nhn v bo co cng mt lc.
Bc 8: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View, kch chn vo hp kim c nhn l
Timeline.
Chng I
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Khung nhn c chia ny bao gm mt bn tm tt cp cao trong khung nhn Timeline
v mt ci nhn khi qut v cc ti nguyn ca bn trong bo co Resource Overview.
Lu : thy cc thng tin thm v vic s dng cc bn bo co, trn tab Report, trong
nhm lnh View Reports , kch Getting Started v sau kch vo bt k mc no trong danh
sch th xung.
Chng I
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Bt u mt k hoch d n mi
Chng II
20

Tin ca mt d n hoc k hoch v bn cht l mt m hnh m bn xy dng mt s
kha cnh m bn ang lng trc ca mt d n - l nhng g m bn ngh rng s xy ra,
hoc l nhng g m bn mun xy ra. M hnh ny tp trung vo mt s kha cnh, nhng khng
phi tt c ca mt d n- l cc nhim v, ti nguyn v cc khung thi gian v c th l cc
chi ph lin quan ti chng.
2.1. Bt u mt k hoch d n mi v thit lp ngy bt u ca n

ng nh s mong i ca bn Project tp trung ch yu vo thi gian. Trong thc t, i
khi bn c th bit ngy bt u hoc ngy kt thc c d kin ca mt d n hoc l c hai.
Tuy nhin, khi lm vic trong Project, bn bt buc phi ch r mt ngy duy nht m khng c
chn c hai: l ngy bt u hoc ngy kt thc ca d n. Ti sao vy? Bi v sau khi bn
nhp ngy bt u hoc ngy kt thc v cc chi tit khc ca d n th Project s tnh ton ra
ngy cn li cho bn. Hy nh rng Project khng ch n thun l mt ch cha c nh ca
thng tin v tin ca bn hay l mt cng c dng v biu Gantt -m n cn l mt cng
c ln k hoch hnh ng.
Hu ht cc k hoch nn c lp tin trn c s t ngy bt u, ngay c khi bn bit
rng cc d n s kt thc trong mt thi hn nht nh. Lp tin t ngy bt u dn n
tt c cc nhim v bt u cng sm cng tt v n mang li cho bn s linh hot tt nht v lp
tin . Trong chng ny v chng sau, bn s thy s linh hot ny trong cc hnh ng khi
bn lm vic vi mt d n c ln tin trn c s t ngy bt u.
Nhim v: Trong sut cun sch ny, bn s ng vai tr ca mt ngi qun l d n ti
nh xut bn Lucerne, nh xut bn sch chuyn v sch thiu nhi. Lucerne sp xut bn mt
cun sch mi quan trng, v bn c yu cu pht trin mt k hoch cho ra mt cun sch.
Trong chng ny, bn s to ra mt k hoch mi, thit lp ngy bt u ca n v lu n.
Bc 1: Lm mt trong hai vic sau y:
- Trong Project, nu bn thy tab File, kch vo n v sau kch New.
- Nu bn thc s nhn thy mt danh sch cc mu c sn trong mn hnh khi ng
Start khi bt u Project, chuyn ti bc tip theo.
Project hin th cc ty chn cho vic to ra mt k hoch d n mi. Cc ty chn
ny bao vic s dng cc cc mu c ci t cng vi Project hoc c sn trn web. Bn
s thy c cng mt danh sch cc mu c sn trong mn hnh Start v trong mn hnh New
trn tab File.
Chng II
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Bc 2: Trong danh sch cc mu c sn, kch vo Blank Project.
Project to ra mt k hoch d n mi. Bn c th thy mt thng bo trn thanh trng
thi pha di cng ca ca s lm vic Project nhc nh bn rng c cc nhim v mi c
to ra vi ch tin l th cng-Manually Scheduled.
Ch ti ng mng thng ng mu xanh l cy trong phn biu nm pha bn phi
ca khung nhn Gantt Chart, n cho thy ngy hin ti Current date trn my tnh ca bn. Khi
bn to ra mt k hoch d n mi th Project s thit lp ngy bt u-start date ca k hoch l
ngy hin ti. Tip theo bn s thay i ngy bt u ca k hoch.
Bc 3: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Project Information.
Hp thoi Project Information xut hin.
Lin quan n
Project
Server
Quan trng: Nu bn ang s dng phn mm MS Project Pro ch khng phi l bn MS

Project Standard th cc hp thoi Project Information v mt s hp thoi khc s c cha thm
cc ty chn b sung lin quan n Project Server. Trong sut cun sch ny, chng ta s khng
s dng n Project Server, v vy bn c th b qua cc ty chn ny. bit thm thng tin v
Project Server, xem ph lc C.
Bc 4: Trong hp nhp c nhn Start date g 05/1/2015 hoc kch vo hnh u mi tn
mu en hin th bng lch v chn ngy 05 thng 01 nm 2015.
Hin th bng
lch
Lu : Trong bng lch hin ra, bn c th s dng cc mi tn bn tri hoc bn phi

di chuyn n bt k thng no v sau nhp vo ngy bn mun hoc kch vo Today nhanh
chng chn ngy hin ti trong my tnh ca bn. Vic nhp ngy thng nh th no ph thuc
vo thit lp trong hp thoi Region and language trong Control Panel trn h iu hnh Window
ca bn.
Lu trong hp chn c danh sch th xung c nhn Schedule from ang chn Project
Start Date. Nh lu trc , bi v k hoch ny c ln tin trn c s t ngy bt u,
nn khi bn nhp ngy bt u-start date, Project s tnh ton ngy kt thc da trn cc chi tit
v tin c cha ng trong k hoch.
Bc 5: Kch OK chp nhn ngy bt u ca d n v ng hp thoi Project
Information.
Chng II
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Project cun phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart cho thy ngy bt u ca d
n. Ngy bt u ca d n c th hin l mt ng mng thng ng nt t.
Lu : Bn c th thit lp Project t ng hin th hp thoi Project Information mi
khi bn to ra mt k hoch d n mi. thc hin thay i ny, trn tab File kch Options.
Trong hp thoi Project Options kch vo tab Advanced v trong khu vc bn di nhn General
tch chn hp kim c nhn Prompt for project info new projects.
Bc 6: Trn tab File kch Save.
Bi v k hoch ny cha tng c lu trc nn mn hnh Save As xut hin.
Bc 7: Bn di khu vc c nhn Save and Sync kch Computer v sau kch vo nt
Browse khu vc pha bn phi.
Bc 8: Di chuyn ti th mc Practices/Chapter 2 trong cng th mc cha tp tin v
cun sch ny trn my tnh ca bn.
Bc 9: Trong hp nhp c nhn File name g Simple plan.
Bc 10: Bm vo nt Save lu k hoch v ng hp thoi Save As.
Lu : Bn c th ch th cho Project t ng lu k hoch d n ang c m ra trong
mt khong thi gian c nh trc, chng hn nh c sau 10 pht lu mt ln. Trn tab File,
kch Options. Trong hp thoi Project Options, kch vo Save, tch chn hp kim c nhn Auto
save every v sau xc nh khong thi gian ( theo pht) m bn mun lu t ng trong hp
nhp c nhn minute.
2.2. Thit lp ngy khng lm vic trong lch d n- Project calendar

Lch l phng tin ch yu m bn kim sot mi khi nhim v v ti nguyn c th c
ln tin lm vic trong trong Project. Trong nhng chng sau, bn s lm vic vi cc loi
lch khc, cn trong chng ny bn ch lm vic vi lch d n.
Lch d n-Project calendar xc nh nhng ngy lm vic, ngy khng lm vic v thi
gian lm vic trong ngy chung cho cc nhim v. Project bao gm nhiu kiu lch, gi l cc lch
c s-base calendar, bt k kiu lch no mt trong s c th c dng lm lch d n cho
mt k hoch. Bn la chn mt kiu lch c s n s c s dng lm lch d n trong hp
thoi Project Information. Hy coi lch d n nh l lch lm vic bnh thng ca t chc hay
c quan ca bn. V d, lm vic c th l t th Hai n th Su, mi ngy lm vic t 8:00 ti
17:00 v dnh 1 ting cho ngh tra. C quan ca bn hoc cc ti nguyn c th c th c nhng
ngoi l i vi lch lm vic bnh thng ny, chng hn nh cc ngy l hoc ngy ngh. Bn s
gii quyt cc ngy ngh ca ti nguyn trong Chng 4.
Bn qun l cc lch ny thng qua hp thoi Change Woring Time (truy cp trn tab
Project). S dng hp thoi ny thit lp thi gian lm vic bnh thng v cc ngoi l v thi
gian lm vic cho cc ti nguyn ring bit hoc cho ton b k hoch m bn s thc hin sau
y.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn cn k khai mt ngy sp ti m
trong ngy ton b nhn vin ca nh xut bn s khng sn sng lm vic trong d n ra
mt cun sch.
Trong v d ny, bn s xem xt cc lch c s c sn v sau to ra ngoi l v thi gian
lm vic trong lch d n:
Bc 2: Trong hp chn c nhn Calendar kch vo u mi tn mu en.
Chng II
23
Danh sch hin c ba kiu lch c s i km vi Project:

* 24 Hours: 24 gi, lm vic lin tc, khng c khong thi gian khng lm vic.
* Night Shift: Ca m, bt u t m th hai v kt thc vo sng th by, mt ca lm
vic t 11 m nay ti 8 gi sng hm sau v bao gm 1 ting ngh gia gi.
* Standard: Tiu chun, l cc ngy lm vic truyn thng t th Hai n th Su, mt
ngy lm vic t 8 gi sng ti 5 gi chiu v bao gm 1 ting ngh tra.
Ch c th chn mt trong s cc lch c s trn dng lm lch d n. i vi k hoch
d n v d ny, chng ta s s dng lch c s Standard lm lch d n, v theo mc nh th n
ang c chn.
Bc 3: Kch vo nt Cancel ng hp thoi Project Information m khng thc hin
bt k s thay i no trong .
Bn bit ton b nhn vin nh xut bn Lucerne s c mt ti mt s kin c bit vo
ngy 22 thng 1, do khng c s lm vic no c ln tin vo ngy ny. Bn s ghi li
ngy ny l mt ngoi l trong lch d n.
Bc 4: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Change Working Time.
Hp thoi Change Working Time s xut hin.
Lu : Kiu lch c s c chn lm lch d n trong hp thoi Project Information

s xut hin trong hp chn c nhn For Calendar v n s nh km thm dng ch Project
calendar trong du ngoc n hin th n c chn lm lch d n.
Chng II
24

Bc 5: Trong nhp d liu thuc ct c nhn Name trong tab Exceptions-ngoi l
phn bn di ca hp thoi, g Staff at morale event- v sau kch vo tng ng bn ct
c nhn Start.
Lu : Bn khng cn thit phi t tn cho cc ngoi l v lch lm vic, nhng y l
mt thi quen tt cho bn hay ngi khc bit c l do ca s ngoi l.
Bc 6: Trong tng ng thuc ct c nhn Start, g 22/1/15, v sau kch vo tng
ng trong ct c nhn Finish hoc nhn phm sang phi trn bn phm.
Lu : Bn cng c th chn ngy m bn mun trong bng lch nm pha trn ca tab
Exceptions hoc t bng lch th xung trong trng d liu Start.
V ngy ny c ln tin l ngy khng lm vic i vi d n. Trong hp thoi, du

hiu nhn bit mt ngy l ngy ngoi l khi ngy c du gch chn v c ph mu.
Bc 7: Kch OK ng hp thoi Change Working Time.
kim tra s thay i ny ti lch d n, quan st trong phn biu ca khung nhn
Gantt Chart, bn s thy th 5 ngy 22 thng 1 by gi c nh dng bi mu xm th hin
l ngy khng lm vic ( ging nh nhng ngy ngh cui tun l th by v ch nht).
Trong phn ny, bn mi ch to ra mt ngy c th l mt ngy khng lm vic trong ton
b k hoch. Cc v d thng thng khc ca vic iu chnh thi gian lm vic bao gm:
* Cc ngy ngh l nh k hoc cc thi gian ngh khc theo mt chu k, chng hn nh
hng tun, hng thng hoc hng nm. thit lp cc thi gian khng lm vic nh k hoc theo
chu k, kch nt Details trn tab Exceptions trong hp thoi Change Working Time.
* Thay i thi gian lm vic theo tng tun. y l vn xy ra khi mun a s thay
i ca cc ma vo trong thi gian lm vic, v d ma ng s bt u lm vic mun hn ma
h. thit lp cc tun lm vic ty chnh theo bn, trn tab Work Weeks trong hp thoi
Change Working Time, nhp phm vi ngy m bn mun trong trng Start v Finish, kch vo
nt Details, ri sau thit lp cc iu chnh v thi gian lm vic m bn mun .
* Thi gian lm vic c bit cho mt ti nguyn. Bn s thc hin cc thit lp nh th
trong Chng 4.
Chng II
25
2.3. Nhp tiu v cc thuc tnh khc ca k hoch

Cng ging nh cc ng dng khc ca Microsoft Office, Project cng theo di mt s
thuc tnh ca tp tin. Mt s thuc tnh ny l cc s liu thng k, chng hn nh tp tin c
sa i bao nhiu ln. Cc thuc tnh khc bao gm cc thng tin m bn c th mun ghi li v
mt k hoch d n, chng hn nh tn d n, tn ngi qun l ca d n hoc cc t kha h
tr vic tm tp tin. Mt s thuc tnh c s dng trong cc khung nhn, trong cc bo co v
trong tiu trang v chn trang giy khi in (header v footer). Bn c th xem v ghi li cc thuc
tnh ny trong hp thoi Advanced Properties.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn mun ghi li cc thng tin cp cao
v k hoch cho ra mt cun sch mi. Nhng chi tit ny s khng nh hng ti tin nhng
lin quan n thng tin quan trng c b sung m bn mun gi li trong k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn s nhp mt s thuc tnh v k hoch m sau ny bn s s dng khi
in n hoc cho cc mc ch khc:
Bc 1: Kch vo tab File.
Khung nhn Backstage xut hin. Tab Info c mc nh l ang c chn. bn phi
ca mn hnh, di khu vc c nhn Project Information, lu ti cc s liu thng k chnh,
chng hn nh ngy bt u-start date, nm pha bn phi ca khung nhn Backstage. Ch
rng, rt nhiu trng d liu m bn nhn thy y l ging vi cc trng d liu m bn nhn
thy trong hp thoi Project Information. Bn c th chnh sa cc trng d liu ny y hoc
trong hp thoi Project Information.
Bc 2: Kch vo nhn Project Information. Trong menu xut hin, kch Advanced
Properties.
Hp thoi Properties xut hin vi tab c nhn Summary ang c m ra.
Bc 3: Trong hp nhp c nhn Subject g: New book launch Schedule
Bc 4: Trong hp nhp c nhn Manager g: Carole Poland
Bc 5: Trong hp nhp c nhn Company g: Lucerne Publishing
Bc 6: Trong hp nhp c nhn Comments g: New chilrents book for spring release
Chng II
26

Bc 7: kich OK ng hp thoi.
kt thc phn ny, bn s lu nhng thay i ny cho tp tin Simple plan.
Bc 8: Trn tab File kch Save.
* Nghip v qun l d n: Project l mt phn ca bc tranh ln hn.
Ty thuc vo nhu cu ca bn v cc thng tin m bn c quyn truy cp, cc k hoch
m bn pht trin trong Project c th khng gii quyt nhng kha cnh quan trng khc ca cc
d n ca bn. V d, rt nhiu d n ln ang c m trch bi cc c quan t chc m c mt
quy trnh qun l s thay i. Trc khi mt s thay i ln ti phm vi ca mt d n c thng
qua, n phi c nh gi v chp thun bi nhng ngi qun l v thi hnh d n. Mc d y
l mt hot ng qun l d n quan trng nhng n khng phi l mt ci g c thc hin
trc tip trong Project.
Chng II
27
Xy dng mt danh sch cc nhim v
Chng III
28

Cc nhim v-Task l cc thnh phn c bn nht ca bt k k hoch d n no. Cc nhim
v i din cng vic phi c thc hin t c cc mc tiu ca k hoch. Cc nhim v
miu t cng vic v mt ph thuc, thi hn thc hin v cc yu cu v ti nguyn. Trong
Microsoft Project 2013 c mt s loi ca nhim v. Chng bao gm nhim v khi qutSummary task, nhim v con-Subtask v nhim v ct mc-Milestone ( tt c s tho lun trong
chng ny). Ni rng hn, nhng g c gi l nhim v-Task trong Project i khi c gi
mt cch chung chung hn l cc hot ng hoc cc gi cng vic ( activities or work packages).
3.1. Nhp tn ca nhim v

Nh cp trc , cc nhim v i din cho cng vic phi c thc hin t
c cc mc tiu ca cc d n.
Tn nhim v nn d c nhn bit v c ngha vi nhng ngi s thc thi v cc bn
lin quan khc bi v h l nhng ngi s nhn thy tn ca nhim v. Di y l mt s hng
dn to nn nhng ci tn nhim v thch hp:
* S dng cc cm ng t ngn m t v cng vic s c thc hin, chng hn nh
" b tng".
* Nu cc nhim v s c t chc vo trong mt cu trc dng cng-Outline, ng
lp li cc chi tit trong tn ca nhim v khi qut vo tn ca nhim v con tr khi n cn r
rng hn.
* Nu cc nhim v s c cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti, ng a tn ca ti nguyn
vo trong tn ca cc nhim v.
Hy lun nh rng, bn lun lun c th chnh sa tn ca cc nhim v vo bt c lc no
nn khng cn lo lng v vic phi c c cc ci tn nhim v chnh xc trong khi bn ang
bc u nhp chng vo trong mt k hoch. t mc tiu s dng cc cm t ngn gn, y
tnh miu t truyn ti cng vic c yu cu v nhng cm t c ngha vi bn v nhng
ngi khc, nhng ngi s thc thi cng vic hoc xem xt li d n. Khi cn thit, bn cng c
th thm cc chi tit trong cc ghi ch ca nhim v, s c miu t sau trong chng ny.
Lu : Khi bn nhp mt ci tn ca nhim v cng l lc bn ang to ra mt nhim v
mi. Mi nhim v trong Project u nm mt trong hai ch tin m kim sot cch thc
ln tin ca nhim v : ch tin th cng (mc nh ) hoc ch tin t ng. Bn
s lm vic vi ch tin t ng phn 3.6 "Chuyn i ch tin ca nhim v t
th cng sang t ng " trong chng ny.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thu thp c cc ci tn ca cc
nhim v ban u cho vic ra mt cun sch mi.
Trong v d ny, bn s nhp tn ca cc nhim v.
Bn cn n tp tin Simple Tasks_Start trong th mc Practices/Chapter03 i km vi cun
sch ny. M tp tin Simple Tasks_Start v lu n thnh file mi (save as) l Simple Task.
Bc 1: Kch trc tip vo d liu ngay bn di tiu ct Task Name.
Bc 2: G Assign launch team members v sau nhn phm Enter.
Nhim v m bn va nhp c cp cho mt s ID (Identification-s th t nh dng c
nhn). Mi nhim v ch c mt s ID duy nht, nhng n khng nht thit phi l s th hin th
t m cc nhim v xy ra. Mn hnh ca bn s trng ging nh hnh di y.
Bi v y l mt nhim v c ch tin th cng-Manual Scheduled ( mc nh v
c biu th
trong ct c nhn Task Mode) nn khng c thi hn thc hin nhim v ( d
liu tng ng thuc ct c nhn Duration khng c g) hay thi im thc hin nhim v ( d
liu tng ng thuc ct c nhn Start v Finish khng c g), v nhim v ny vn cha c mt
thanh bar Gantt cho n trong phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart. Trong phn tip theo bn
Chng III
29

s lm vic vi ch tin t th lun lun c thi hn thc hin (Duration) v thi im thc
hin (Start v Finish).
Hin th trong ct ny th hin l ch tin ca
nhim v l th cng hay t ng
Hy ngh rng mt nhim v c ch tin th cng l mt s gi ch lc ban u m

bn c th to ra bt c lc no m khng nh hng n phn cn li ca vic ln tin . Vo
lc ny bn c th khng bit g nhiu hn ngoi ci tn ca nhim v v iu khng c vn
g c. Khi bn nhn ra hoc quyt nh cn phi chi tit hn v nhim v, chng hn nh khi no
th n xy ra, th bn c th thm nhng chi tit cho k hoch
Bc 3: Nhp tn cho cc nhim v sau, nhn phm Enter sau mi ln nhp:
Design and order marketing material
Distribute advance copies
Coordinate magazine feature articles
Launch public web portal for book
Mn hnh my tnh ca bn c l nhn cng tng t nh th ny.
Trong khi xem li cc nhim v m bn nhp vo, bn nhn ra rng bn b qun mt

nhim v. Bn mun nhp nhim v ny vo gia hai nhim v c ID l 2 v 3. Bn s chn nhim
v bc tip theo.
Bc 4: Kch vo tn ca nhim v c ID l 3, Distribute advance copies.
Bc5: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Insert, kch vo Task
Project s chn mt hng cho mt nhim v mi v thay i li s ID ca cc nhim v tip

theo pha di n. Project t tn cho nhim v mi l <New Task>.
Chng III
30

Bc 6: Vi tn ca nhim v mi <New Task> ang c la chn, g Public Launch
Phase v sau nhn Enter.
Nhim v mi c thm vo k hoch.
Lu : xa mt nhim v c nhp, kch chut phi vo tn ca nhim v v kch

Delete Task trn Shortcut menu xut hin.
* Nghip v qun l d n: Xc nh ng cc nhim v cho vic chuyn giao ca d n
Mi d n c mt mc tiu hoc mt nh cui cng: l do m d n bt u. iu
ny c gi l s chuyn giao ca d n. S chuyn giao ny c th l mt sn phm hu hnh,
chng hn nh mt cun sch mi, hoc mt dch v hoc mt s kin, chng hn nh mt ba
tic ra mt sn phm. Xc nh ng cc nhim v to ra s chuyn giao l mt k nng cn
thit cho mt ngi qun l ca d n. Danh sch cc nhim v m bn to ra trong Project cn
m t tt c cc cng vic cn thit, v ch l nhng cng vic cn thit m thi hon thnh d
n thnh cng.
Khi pht trin danh sch cc nhim v, bn c th thy n rt hu ch phn bit phm vi
ca sn phm t phm vi ca d n. Phm vi ca sn phm m t cht lng, tnh nng v chc
nng ca s chuyn giao ca d n. V d, s chuyn giao ca d n m chng ta ang thc hin
nhim v l cun sch mi dnh cho tr em v phm vi sn phm c th bao gm s lng cc
trang v hnh nh minh ha. Mt khc, phm vi d n l miu t cc cng vic cn thit chuyn
giao mt sn phm hoc mt dch v no . Trong nhim v ca chng ny, phm vi ca d n
gm c cc nhim v chi tit lin quan n vic to ra s qung co v cc kin ban u v cun
sch.
Phm vi l mt thnh phn (cng vi thi gian v chi ph) ca cng vic qun l d n, s
c m t trong Ph lc A.
3.2. Nhp thi hn thc hin nhim v

Thi hn thc hin-Duration ca mt nhim v i din s lng thi gian bn mong i
n s c dng hon thnh nhim v . Project c th lm vic vi cc thi hn thc hin
ca nhim v m phm vi t vi pht cho n vi thng. Tu thuc vo phm vi ca k hoch d
n ca bn, bn c th s mun lm vic vi cc thi hn thc hin ca nhim v trn quy m theo
gi, ngy v tun.
Hy cng khm ph cc thi hn thc hin ca nhim v vi mt v d. Gi s rng mt k
hoch d n c lch d n vi thi gian lm vic c nh r l t 08:00 gi sng n 5:00 gi
chiu, trong bao gm mt ting dnh cho vic ngh tra, t th hai cho n th 6, thi gian
khng lm vic l bui ti ( sau 05:00 gi chiu ) v nhng ngy cui tun ( th 7 v ch nht)
(Nu bn cn xem li lch d n, xem trong chng 2). Nu bn c tnh rng mt nhim v no
s mt 16 ting lm vic hon thnh th bn c th nhp thi hn thc hin ca n l "2d"
ln tin nhim v trong hai ngy, mi ngy lm vic 8 ting. Nu bn bt u nhim v
vo lc lc 8 gi sng ngy th su th n s c hon thnh vo lc 5 chiu ngy th hai ca
Chng III
31

tun k tip, do nhng ngy cui tun khng lm vic v ngy th by v ch nht c ch
nh l thi gian khng lm vic- Nonworking time.
Bn c th s dng cc ch vit tt sau khi nhp cc thi hn thc hin nhim v.
Nu bn nhp nh th ny
N s hin th nh sau
V n c ngha l
30m
6h
4d
3w
2mo
30 mins
6 hrs
4 days
3 wks
2 mons
30 pht
6 gi
4 ngy
3 tun
2 thng
Nh lu trc , Project x l vic ln tin ca cc nhim v trong hai cch. Cc

nhim v c ch tin t ng-Automatic Schedule lun lun c mt thi hn thc hin (
mc nh l 1 ngy). Tuy nhin, cc nhim v c ch tin th cng-Manual Schedule, ban
u khng c bt k gi tr thi hn thc hin no. Thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v l th
cn thit Project ln tin mt nhim v, do n to cm gic rng mt nhim v c ch
tin th cng, khng yu cu mt gi tr thi hn thc hin, khng c Project ln tin .
Tuy nhin l bn c th nhp cc gi tr thi hn thc hin cho cc nhim v c ch tin th
cng v bn s lm iu trong phn ny.
Vi cc nhim v c ch tin th cng, bn c th nhp cc gi tr thi hn thc hin
thng thng c s dng cc ch vit tt trong bng trn, v d "3d" cho thi hn ba ngy. Bn
cng cn c th nhp cc gi tr vn bn cho n, chng hn nh " Check with Bob ". Nhng gi tr
vn bn ny c thay th bi gi tr thi hn thc hin l 1-day (1ngy) mc nh khi bn chuyn
i mt nhim v t ch tin th cng sang t ng.
Lu : Project s khng cho php bn nhp mt gi tr vn bn cho gi tr ca thi hn
thc hin, ngy bt u, ngy kt thc ca nhim v c ch tin t ng.
Project s dng cc thi lng thi gian tiu chun tnh theo gi v pht cho thi hn thc
hin: 1 pht bng 60 giy v 1 gi bng 60 pht. i cc thi hn thc hin tnh theo thi lng
ngy, tun v thng th bn c th s dng cc mc nh ca Project (v d, mi thng c 20 ngy),
hoc thit lp cc gi tr ca ring bn. lm c iu ny, vo tab File, chn Options, v trong
hp thoi Project Options, kch Schedule, nh c minh ha di y.
Chng III
32

- Trong hp nhp c nhn Hours per day: Vi vic thit lp 8 gi lm vic cho mi ngy,
th vic nhp thi gian thc hin nhim v l hai ngy (2d) cng ging vic nhp l 16 gi (16h).
- Trong hp nhp c nhn Hours per week: Vi vic thit lp 40 gi lm vic cho mi
tun, th vic nhp thi gian thc hin nhim v l ba tun (3w) cng ging vic nhp l 120 gi
(120h).
- Trong hp nhp c nhn Hours per month: Vi vic thit lp 20 ngy lm vic cho mi
thng, th vic nhp thi gian thc hin nhim v l 1 thng (1mo) cng ging vic nhp l 160
gi ( 8 gi mi ngy x 20 ngy trong thng).
Cc v d trong chng ny s dng cc gi tr mc nh ca Project: Mi ngy lm vic
8 gi, mi tun lm vic 40 gi v mi thng lm 20 ngy.
Lu : Nu cn, bn c th ln tin cc nhim v xy ra trong c khong thi gian
khng lm vic (Nonworking time) cng nh trong thi gian lm vic (Working time). lm iu
ny, nhp mt khong thi gian tri qua (elapsed time) cho thi hn thc hin ca nhim v. Bn
nhp khong thi gian tri qua bng cch t trc cc ch ci vit tt n v ca thi hn thc
hin bng ch ci " e". V d, g "1ed " ch ra rng thi hn thc hin nhim v l 1 ngy
vi 24 gi lm vic, hoc " 1ew " tng ng vi 1 tun c by ngy lm vic v mi ngy lm
24 gi, hoc "1emo" tng ng vi 1 thng c ba mi ngy lm vic v mi ngy lm 24 gi.
Bn c th s dng khong thi gian tri qua cho cc nhim v m din ra theo thi gian
thc t ( 1 ngy c 24 ting) ch khng ch din ra theo thi gian lm vic bnh thng ( s lng
thi gian lm vic ty thuc vo vic thit lp ca bn). V d, mt d n xy dng c th c nhim
v " b tng mng" v nhim v "D b vn khun mng". Nu nh vy th bn cng c th
mun c mt nhim v na gi l "Ch cho b tng ng kt" bi v bn ch c th tho d vn
khun khi b tng ng kt t n mt gi tr cng no . Nhim v "Ch cho b tng ng
kt" cn phi c mt khong thi gian tri qua v b tng s ng kt trong mt phm vi bao gm
cc ngy lin tc lin tip cho d l ngy lm vic hay ngy khng lm vic. Nu b tng mt
48 gi mi t cng cho php tho vn khun th bn c th nhp thi hn thc hin cho
nhim v "Ch cho b tng ng kt" l "2ed". Nu bn bt u nhim v lc 9 gi sng th
su th Project s ln tin hon thnh nhim v vo lc 9 sng ngy ch nht. Tuy nhin,
trong hu ht cc trng hp, bn s lm vic vi cc thi hn thc hin khng c khong thi
gian tri qua trong Project.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn a ra danh sch lit k cc nhim
v ban u ti nhng ngi s thc hin nhim v v cc bn lin quan khc ca d n. V h
a cho bn cc thng tin phn hi s b ( mc d cha y ) v mt s thi hn thc hin
ca nhim v m bn mun ghi li trong k hoch ra mt cun sch mi.
Trong v d ny, bn s nhp cc gi tr khc nhau ca thi hn thc hin nhim v, ngy
bt u v kt thc cho cc nhim v c ch tin th cng m bn to bc trn.
Bc 1: Kch vo d liu thuc ct c nhn Duration tng ng vi nhim v c ID l
1, Assign lauch team members.
Trng d liu Duration ca nhim v c ID l 1 c chn.
Bc 2: G 1d v sau nhn phm Enter.
Lu : Bn cng c th kch vo biu tng mi tn ln hoc xung nhp hoc thay i
gi tr trong trng d liu Duration.
Gi tr 1 day s xut hin trong trng d liu Duration. Project v mt thanh bar Gantt
cho nhim v ny, n bt u ti ngy bt u ca d n m bn thit lp trc trong Chng
2, l ngy 5 thng 1 nm 2015.
Chng III
33
Trc khi cc nhim v c lin kt vi nhau (Link) hoc ngy bt u hoc kt thc c
th c thit lp, Project s thit lp tt c cc nhim v mi m c mt gi tr thi hn thc hin
bt u vo ngy bt u ca d n ( Start date trong hp thoi Project Information). iu ny
ng c vi cc nhim v c ch tin th cng ln t ng.
Bc 3: Nhp cc thi hn thc hin hoc cm t sau y cho cc nhim v sau y:
ID
2
3
Task Name
Design and order
marketing material
Public Launch Phase
Distribute advance copies
Duration
Check with Marketing team
Nhn phm Enter b qua
nhim v ny
2d
i vi nhim v c ID l 5, Coordinate magazine feature articles, bn s nhp ngy bt

u v ngy kt thc v Project s tnh ton thi hn thc hin.
Bc 4: Trong trng d liu thuc ct c nhn Start tng ng vi nhim v c ID l 5,
g 19/1/15 ri sau nhn phm Tab.
Lu : Bn cng c th chn ngy m bn mun trong trng d liu thuc ct c nhn
Start. Kch vo u mi tn mu en trong trng d liu ang c chn v bng lch xut hin,
trong bng lch di chuyn n thng m bn mun. Ri sau kch vo ngy bn mun.
Bc 5: Trong trng d liu thuc ct c nhn Finish tng ng vi nhim v c ID l
5, g 27/1/15 ri sau nhn phm Enter.
Project tnh ton thi hn thc hin nhim v l su ngy. Lu y l su ngy lm vic:
T th Hai n th T, v ngy th Su ca tun u tin, v sau l ngy th hai v th ba ca
tun k tip. Project cng v thanh bar Gantt cho nhim v, ko di trn cc ngy lm vic ny
cng vi cc ngy khng lm vic (s kin tinh thn Th 5 ngy 22 thng 1 m bn thit lp trong
chng hai cng vi ngy ngh cui tun) nm gia chng, c hin th nh sau y.
Bc 6: i vi nhim v ID 6, Launch public web portal for the book, bn khng bit
thi hn thc hin ln ngy bt u hoc ngy kt thc, nhng bn vn c th nm bt c nhng
Chng III
34

g m bn bit.
Bc 7: Trong trng d liu thuc ct c nhn Start ca nhim v 6, g About two weeks
before launch complete v sau nhn Enter.
Cng nh gi tr thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v c ch tin th cng, bn cng
c th nhp mt chui vn bn cho ngy bt u hoc kt thc hoc cho c hai. Khi nhim v ny
c chuyn i sang ch tin t ng, chui vn bn s c thay th bi cc ngy c
th.
* Nghip v qun l d n: Lm th no m bn n gn c thi hn thc hin chnh
xc?
Bn nn xem xt hai quy tc chung sau khi c lng thi hn thc hin nhim v:
- Thi hn thc hin ca ton b d n thng tng ng vi thi hn hin ca nhim
v; cc d n ko di thng c xu hng c cc nhim v c thi hn thc hin di hn so vi
cc nhim v trong cc d n ngn.
- Nu bn theo di qu trnh thc hin ca d n so vi k hoch ca bn (s c m t
trong chng 7 v mt s chng tip theo) bn cn phi xem xt mc chi tit m bn mun
p dng cho cc nhim v trong k hoch ca bn. V d, nu bn c mt d n ko di nhiu nm,
c th l khng thit thc hoc thm ch l khng th khi theo di cc nhim v c o theo pht
hoc gi. Ni chung, bn nn o thi hn thc hin ca nhim v mc chi tit thp nht.
i vi cc d n bn lm vic trong cun sch ny th thi hn thc hin c cung cp
cho bn. Cn i vi cc d n ca bn th bn s thng phi c lng thi hn thc hin ca
cc nhim v. Ngun t liu tt cho vic c lng thi hn thc hin gm c:
- Thng tin lch s t cc d n tng t trc .
- c lng t nhng ngi m s hon thnh nhim v ca bn.
- S phn on lo luyn ca nhng ngi qun l cc d n tng t.
- Cc mc trung bnh ca cc c quan t chc chuyn nghip hoc cng nghip m thc
hin cc d n tng t nh d n ca bn.
Mt quy tc qua kinh nghim c gi l quy tc 8/80. Quy tc ny xut thi hn
thc hin nhim v t 8 gi (hoc mt ngy) n 80 gi (10 ngy lm vic, hoc hai tun) l thi
hn chun. Cc nhim v m thi hn thc hin ngn hn mt ngy c th l b chia qu nh v
nhim v c thi hn thc hin lu hn hai tun c th l qu di qun l ng. C nhiu l do
chnh ng ph v quy tc ny, nhng i vi hu ht cc cng vic trong cc d n ca bn
th n c ng xem xt.
i vi s phc tp, cc d n c thi hn thc hin di hoc cc d n bao gm mt lng
ln cc n s, th bn c th to cc c lng v thi hn thc hin chi tit ch ca nhng nhim
v c bt u sm v c hon thnh sm (v d, trong vng 2-4 tun). Sau bn ch c th
c lng thi hn thc hin rt chung chung cho cc nhim v m chng s bt u sau (v
d, sau 2-4 tun). Bn c th duy tr mt bui hp nh k v vic c lng thi hn thc hin
ca nhim v vi cc nhm u n theo thi gian.
i vi cc d n phc tp, c l bn s kt hp nhng iu ny v cc chin lc khc
c lng thi hn thc hin ca nhim v. Bi v vic c lng thi hn thc hin ca nhim
v khng chnh xc l mt ngun ri ro chnh trong bt k d n no, nn vic to ra cc c lng
tt l kt qu ca nhng n lc ng gi b ra.
3.3. Nhp nhim v ct mc quan trng

Ngoi vic nhp cc nhim v cn hon thnh, bn cng c th mun k khai mt s kin
quan trng cho k hoch ca d n ca bn, chng hn nh ngy kt thc mt giai on quan trng
ca d n. lm c iu ny, bn s to ra mt nhim v ct mc-Milestone Task.
Chng III
35

Cc nhim v ct mc l cc s kin quan trng m hoc l t c trong k hoch (
chng hn nh s hon thnh ca mt giai on ca cng vic) hoc l p t ln k hoch ( chng
hn nh mt thi hn cht chnh thc xin ti tr vn). Bi v bn thn nhim v ct mc thng
khng bao gm t k s lm vic g nn cc nhim v ct mc c i din bi cc nhim v c
thi hn thc hin bng khng.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn ch c bit ngy m cc hot ng
ln k hoch ca vic ra mt cun sch mi cn phi c hon tt vic ra mt cun sch din
ra ng thi gian. V bn mun ngy ny c hin th trong k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn s to ra mt nhim v ct mc .
Bc 1: Kch vo tn ca nhim v c ID l 3, Public Launch Phase.
Bc 2: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Insert, kch Milestone
Project chn mt hng cho nhim v mi v thay i li s th t (ID) ca cc nhim v

tip theo pha sau n. Project t tn cho nhim v mi l <New Milestone> v a cho n mt
thi hn thc hin 0 ngy. Cng nh cc nhim v mi khc, nhim v ct mc ny ban u c
ln tin vo ngy bt u ca d n l ngy 05 thng 1.
Bc 3: Vi vic tn ca nhim v ct mc <New Milestone> ang c chn, g
Planning complete! ri sau nhn phm Enter.
Nhim v ct mc ny c thm vo k hoch ca bn.
Trong phn biu pha bn phi ca khung nhn Gantt Chart th nhim v ct mc xut
hin vi biu tng ca 1 vin kim cng ( hnh thoi).
Lu : Bn c th nh du mt nhim v c bt c thi hn thc hin no l mt nhim
v ct mc. Kch p vo tn ca nhim v hin th hp thoi Task Information, v sau
kc vo tab Advanced v tch chn vo hp kim c nhn Mark task as milestone.
3.4. To ra cc nhim v khi qut to cng cho k hoch

Bn s thy n hu ch s dng cc nhim v khi qut-Summary Task t chc xp xp
cc nhm ca cc nhim v c lin quan cht ch vi nhau trong mt dng cng (Outline).
Khi cc nhim v khi qut c sp xp theo trnh t thi gian th cc nhim v khi qut cp
cao nht c gi l cc giai on.
Khi xem xt mt k hoch ca d n, vic nhn thy cc nhim v c t chc trong mt
cu trc dng cng s gip bn v cc bn lin quan suy ngh v cc u mc cng vic chnh.
V d, ngi ta thng phn chia cc d n xut bn sch thnh thnh cc giai on l: bin tp,
thit k v sn xut. Vi mt cu trc cng c p dng, sau bn c th bung ra hoc thu
Chng III
36

gn cng ch hin th mc chi tit m bn mun. Bn to ra mt cu trc cng bng
cch tht l vo ra cc nhim v. Trong Project, cc nhim v tht vo bn di mt nhim v
khi qut c gi l nhim v con.
Cc nhim v khi qut c mc nh l ch tin t ng v khng phi l th cng.
Thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v khi qut c ch tin t ng c tnh ton bi
Project, l khong thi gian tnh t ngy bt u sm nht cho ti ngy kt thc mun nht ca
cc nhim v con ca n. Nu bn trc tip chnh sa thi hn thc hin hoc ngy bt u hoc
ngy kt thc ca mt nhim khi qut c ch tin t ng th n s c chuyn thnh
nhim v c ch tin th cng.
Khi mt nhim v khi qut ch tin th cng, thi hn thc hin ca n s c
tnh ton da trn cc nhim v con ca n, y nh thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v khi qut
c tin t ng. Tuy nhin, bn c th chnh sa thi hn thc hin ca nhim v khi qut
c ch tin th cng v Project s theo di c thi hn thc hin th cng m bn nhp
vo ln thi gian hn thc hin c tnh ton.
Lu : Bn s lm vic vi cc nhim v khi qut vi c hai thi hn thc hin th cng
v thi hn thc hin c tnh ton t ng trong chng 9.
Cp cao nht trong cu trc cng ca mt k hoch c gi l nhim v tng qut
ca d n-Project Summary Task. Theo mc nh Project t ng to ra nhim v tng qut ca
d n nhng khng hin th n. Bi v nhim v tng qut ca d n c cp cao nht trong cu
trc cng ca k hoch nn n bao gm cc chi tit c cun ln roll-up t tt c cc nhim
v con. N cng i din cho ton b thi hn thc hin ca k hoch, do n l mt cch tin
dng nhn thy mt s cc chi tit thit yu, chng hn nh thi hn thc hin tng th ca k
hoch.
* Nghip v qun l d n: Lp k hoch kiu Top-down v Bottom-up
Hai phng php ph bin pht trin cc nhim v v cc giai on trong d n l lp
k hoch t trn xung (Top-down) v lp k hoch t di ln (Bottom-up):
- Lp k hoch kiu Top-down: xc nh giai on chnh hoc cc thnh phn chnh trong
d n trc khi in vo tt c cc chi tit c yu cu hon thnh cc giai on , v i
din l cc nhim v khi qut. Cc d n phc tp c th c mt vi lp nhim v khi qut c
lng nhau. Phng php ny thc hin t tng qut n chi tit c th.
- Lp k hoch kiu Bottom-up: xc nh cng nhiu cc nhim v mc chi tit nht c
th th cng tt trc khi ln cng chng thnh cc nhm theo logic c gi l cc giai on
hoc cc nhim v khi qut. Phng php ny thc hin t chi tit c th n tng qut.
To ra nhim v v cc giai on chnh xc cho hu ht cc d n phc tp i hi mt s
kt hp ca c hai phng php lp k hoch Top-down v Bottom-up. Thng thng, mt ngi
qun l ca d n bt u lp cc giai on chnh (lp k hoch kiu Top-down) v cc ti nguyn
l nhng ngi s thc thi trong d n cung cp cc nhim v chi tit in vo tng giai on
(lp k hoch kiu Bottom-up).
Nhim v ca phn ny: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, k hoch ra mt cun sch
by gi c rp li vi nhau t chc xp xp k hoch thnh hai giai on tun t.
Trong v d ny, bn ln cng danh sch cc nhim v ca bn bng cch to ra cc
nhim v khi qut:
Bc 1: Chn tn ca cc nhim v c ID t 5 n 7.
y l nhng nhim v m bn mun chng l cc nhim v con ca giai on - Public
launch phase.
Bc 2: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Schedule, kch Indent Task.
Chng III
37
Project nng cp nhim v ID 4 thnh mt nhim v khi qut v chuyn n sang ch

tin t ng. Hoc bn c th ngh l Project h cp cc nhim v c ID t 5 n 7 thnh
cc nhim v con. D suy ngh theo cch no th k hoch ny by gi bao gm mt nhim v
khi qut v cc nhim v con.
Thanh bar ca nhim v khi
qut
Nhim v khi qut
Cc nhim v con
Lu : Nu bn mun h cp mt nhim v khi qut quay tr li thnh mt nhim v con,

bn phi thay i cu trc cng ca cc nhim v con bn di nhim v v khi ny. Chn
tt c cc nhim v con v sau kch vo lnh Outdent
Task.
trong nhm lnh Schedule thuc tab
Ch ti nh hng v vic ln tin ca vic to ra nhim v khi trn. Bi v nhim

v 6 c ngy bt u v kt thc c th nn Project thit lp ngy bt u ca nhim v khi
qut ( v nhim con khc ca n m c thi hn thc hin) cng vi ngy bt u ca nhim v 6,
ngy 19 thng 1.
Tip theo bn s to ra mt nhim v khi qut khc theo mt cch thc khc.
Bc 3: La chn tn ca cc nhim v c ID t 1 ti 3.
Bc 4: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Insert, kch Summary
Project chn mt hng cho mt nhim v mi, tht l cc nhim v c chn bc 3

v i li s ID ca tt c cc nhim v pha sau. Project s t tn cho nhim v mi ny l
<Summary New Task>.
Bc 5: Vi tn ca nhim v <Summary New Task> ang c la chn, g Planning
Phase v nhn Enter.
By gi k hoch c t chc thnh hai giai on cng vic.
Chng III
38
3.5. To ra cc ph thuc v nhim v bng cc lin kt

Khi bn lin kt cc nhim v, bn to cc mi quan h v vic ln tin gia cc nhim
v . Nhng mi quan h v nhim v ny c gi l cc ph thuc- Dependence, kiu nh "s
bt u ca nhim v ny b ph thuc vo vic hon thnh mt nhim v trc n". Mt khi bn
to ra cc ph thuc v nhim v (cn gi l cc lin kt-Link), Project c th t ng iu chnh
vic ln tin ca cc nhim v c lin kt khi cc thay i xy ra trong k hoch ca bn.
To cc ph thuc bng vic lin kt cc nhim v l rt quan trng nhn c ton b li ch
t cng c ln tin ca Project.
Hy xem xt mt kiu quan h ph thuc m bn c th to ra gia hai nhim v. Hu ht
cc k hoch yu cu cc nhim v phi c thc hin theo mt th t c th. V d, nhim v
vit mt chng no ca mt cun sch cn phi c hon thnh trc nhim v chnh sa
chng c th xy ra. Hai nhim v ny c mt mi quan h ph thuc kiu finish-to-start (
kt thc-ti-bt u), v n c hai kha cnh:
- Nhim v th hai phi xy ra sau nhim v u tin, y l trnh t xy ra.
- Nhim v th hai ch c th xy ra ch khi nhim v u tin c hon thnh, v y l
s ph thuc.
Trong Project, nhim v u tin (" Vit mt chng ca cun sch ) c gi l nhim
v tin nhim-Predecessor bi v n i trc cc nhim v ph thuc vo n. Nhim v th hai (
" Chnh sa chng ca cun sch ) c gi l nhim v k nhim-Successor bi v n ni
tip hoc i theo sau cc nhim v m n ph thuc vo. Bt k nhim v no u c th l nhim
v tin nhim ca mt hoc nhiu nhim v k nhim. Tng t nh vy, bt k nhim v no
cng c th l nhim v k nhim ca mt hoc nhiu nhim v tin nhim.
Mc d iu ny nghe c v phc tp, nhng hai nhim v ch c th c mt trong bn
kiu quan h v nhim v.
Mi quan h ph
thuc
Ngha l
Ngy kt thc ca nhim

v tin nhim quyt nh
ngy bt u ca nhim v
k nhim. y l mi quan
h v nhim v mc nh.
Start-to-start (SS) Ngy bt u ca nhim
v tin nhim quyt nh
ngy bt u ca nhim v
k nhim.
Finish-to-start
(FS)
Chng III
Th hin trong khung

nhn Gantt Chart
V d
Mt chng ca cun
sch phi c vit
trc khi n c th
c chnh sa.
t in v t giy c lin
quan cht ch, v chng
nn bt u cng mt
lc.
39

Finish-to-finish
(FF)
Ngy kt thc ca nhim

v tin nhim quyt nh
ngy kt thc ca nhim
v k nhim.
Cc nhim v yu cu
cc thit b c th phi
kt thc trc khi thi
gian thu chng kt thc .
Start-to-finish
(SF)
Ngy bt u ca nhim
v tin nhim quyt nh
ngy kt thc ca nhim
v k nhim.
Thi im my in bt
u chy quyt nh
nhim v la chn my
ng sch phi kt thc.
Lu : Bn c th iu chnh mi quan h v tin gia cc nhim v tin nhim v

nhim v k nhim vi thi gian sm-lead time hoc thi gian tr ( chm)- lag time. V d, bn c
th thit lp mt thi gian tr 2 ngy gia thi im kt thc ca mt nhim k nhim v thi im
bt u ca nhim v k nhim ca n. bit thm thng tin, xem trong chng 8.
S th hin cc quan h v nhim v v vic gii quyt cc thay i ti ngy bt u v kt
thc c ln tin l hai lnh vc m vic s dng mt cng c ln tin ging nh Project
thc s ng gi. V d, bn c th thay i thi hn thc hin ca nhim v hoc thm hoc g
b cc nhim v ra khi mt chui cc nhim v c lin kt, v Project s t ng ln li tin
cc nhim v cho ph hp.
Cc mi quan h v nhim v xut hin trong mt s cch trong Project, bao gm nh sau:
- Trong phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt v trong khung nhn Network Diagram, cc
mi quan h v nhim v xut hin l cc ng thng kt ni cc nhim v.
- Trong cc bng biu, chng hn nh bng Entry, cc s ID ca cc nhim v tin nhim
s xut hin trong trng d liu Predecessor ca cc nhim v k nhim. (Bn c th cn phi
ko thanh ng ang chia i khung nhn thnh hai phn sang bn phi thy ct c nhn
Predecessor).
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing. K hoch ra mt cun sch mi ang
lin kt cc phn ring l ca n rt tt. Cc nhim v c ln cng bn di cc nhim
v khi qut, v by gi bn sn sng to ra cc mi quan h v nhim v.
Trong v d ny, bn lin kt cc nhim v to ra cc ph thuc v nhim v gia chng:
Bc 1: Chn tn ca nhim v c ID l 2 v 3.
Bc 2: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Schedule, kch Link the Selected Tasks
Nhim v c ID l 2 v 3 c lin kt bi s ph thuc mc nh finish-to-start.

ng lin kt biu th mt mi quan h v nhim v gia chng
Chng III
40

Ch rng nhim v 3 trc y khng c ngy bt u-Start v ngy kt thc-Finish,
nhng bng cch lm cho n l mt nhim v k nhim ca nhim v 2, bn a cho Project
thng tin cp cho nhim v 3 mt ngy bt u: ngy 06 thng 1, ngy lm vic tip sau khi
kt thc nhim v 2.
Bn c ch vic lm ni bt bng mu xanh da tri ca mt s trng d liu Duration,
Start v Finish khi bn lin kt cc nhim v? Project lm ni bt cc gi tr b nh hng sau
mi ln bn thay i vic ln tin trong k hoch.
Lu : hy b lin kt gia cc nhim v, chn cc nhim v m bn mun hy b lin
kt v sau kch vo Unlink Tasks
trong trong nhm lnh Schedule trn tab Task.
Tip theo, bn s lin kt nhim v 3 v 4 bng mt cch khc.

Bc 3: Chn tn ca nhim v 4, Planning complete!
Bc 4: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch vo Information .
Hp thoi Task Information s xut hin.
Bc 5: Kch vo tab Predecessors.
Bc 6: Kch vo d liu trng khng ngay bn di tiu ct Task Name v sau
nhp vo hnh mi tn nh mu en xut hin bn phi d liu ny.
Bc 7: Trong danh sch lit k tn cc nhim v hin ra, kch vo Design and order
marketing material.
Bc 8: Nhn nt OK ng hp thoi Task Information.
Nhim v 3 v 4 c lin kt bi mi quan h Finish-to-Start.

Lu : Hy nh li rng bt c nhim v no u c th c nhiu nhim v tin nhim.
Mt cch m bn c th ch r cc nhim v tin nhim thm vo l thm chng trong tab
Prodecessor thuc hp thoi Task Information. i vi cc mi quan h Finish-to-Start ( kiu
lin k mc nh ), nhim v tin nhim c ngy kt thc mun nht quyt nh ngy bt u ca
nhim v k nhim. Nhim v tin nhim ny i khi c gi l "nhim v tin nhim pht
ng"-Driving predecessor bi v n quyt nh hoc pht ng ngy bt u ca nhim v k
nhim ca n. Project bao gm mt tnh nng m gip bn thy nhim v tin nhim pht ng
v cc mi quan h ca nhim v k nhim mt cch d dng hn. Tnh nng ny c gi l l
trnh hay ng i ca nhim v- Task Path v c m t trong Chng 8.
Tip theo bn s lin kt tt c cc nhim v con bn di nhim v khi qut Public
Launch Phase trong mt thao tc.
Bc 9: Chn tn ca cc nhim v c ID t 6 n 8.
Bc 10: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Schedule, kch Link the Selected Tasks
.
Chng III
41

Cc nhim v t 6 ti 8 c lin kt.
Lu : Nhim v c ID t 6 n 8 l lin k vi nhau. chn cc nhim v m chng
khng nm lin k nhau, chn nhim v u tin ri gi phm Ctrl v sau chn cc nhim v
khc.
C mt s cch lin kt cc nhim v, v sau y bn s s dng thm mt cch na

lin kt hai giai on ca k hoch ra mt cun sch mi.
Bc 11: Trong phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart, di chuyn con tr chut ti
thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v khi qut c ID l 1- Planning Phase, v sau kch ( c gi phm
tri chut) v ko xung v tr thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v khi qut 5- Public Launch Phase.
Lu rng trong qu trnh bn ko con tr chut, biu tng con tr chut s thay i sang
biu tng lin kt v ca s nh xut hin (pop -up window) cp nht thng tin khi bn di chut
qua thanh cc bar Gantt khc.
Pop-up window
Khi con tr chut nm trn thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v khi qut 5, nh phm tri chut
ang gi.
Hai nhim v khi qut 1 v 5 c lin kt bi mi quan h kiu Finish-to-Start.
Cho n thi im ny, bn s dng ba cch khc nhau lin kt cc nhim v. Mt

cch n gin khc to ra mt mi quan h v nhim v l nhp s ID ca nhim v tin nhim
Chng III
42

trong trng d liu Predecessors ca nhim v k nhim. Khi bn s dng Project nhiu hn
na, c th bn s tm thy trong s cc cch mt cch m bn thy thch hp cho mnh hoc
tm ra cc cch khc lin kt cc nhim v.
Lu : Khi lm vic vi cc nhim v khi qut, bn c th hoc l lin kt trc tip cc
nhim v khi qut (nh bn lm trn ) hoc lin kt nhim v mun nht ca giai on u
tin vi nhim v sm nht trong giai on th hai. Kt qu v vic ln tin l nh nhau trong
c hai trng hp. Tuy nhin, d trong bt c trng hp no bn cng khng th lin kt mt
nhim v khi qut ti mt trong s cc nhim v con ca n. Lm nh th to ra mt vn v
vic ln tin vng trn v khng lgic, v th Project khng cho php iu xy ra.
kt thc v d ny, bn s nhp mt gi tr thi hn thc hin c th cho nhim v 3.
i ng marketing ca nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing bo co rng c tnh ca h i vi
nhim v 3 l n nn c mt thi hn thc hin l l hai tun .
Bc 13: Trong trng d liu Duration ca nhim v 3, g 2w v sau nhn Enter.
Ch rng thi hn thc hin mi ca nhim v 3 khin thi hn th hin ca nhim

v khi qut Planning Phase tng ln, nhng n li khng nh hng ti vic ln tin ca nhim
ct mc 4. Ti sao li khng? Hy nh rng nhim v ct mc ny vn ang trong ch tin
th cng. Bn c th bt buc Project iu chnh ngy ngy bt u v kt thc ca nhim v ny
trong khi vn gi ch tin th cng ca n.
Bc 14: Chn tn ca nhim v 4.
Bc 15: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Schedule, kch Respect Links
.
Project s ln li tin cho nhim v 4 bt u sau khi hon thnh nhim v tin
nhim ca n, nhim v 3. Bn c th thy rng s bt u ca nhim v khi qut 5- Public
Launch Phase khng tn trng mi lin kt ca n vi nhim v tin nhim ca n, nhim v
khi qut 1- Phase summary task. Vic kch vo lnh Respect Link cng vi nhim v khi qut
5- Public Launch Phase ang c chn s khng khin n ln li tin nh khi n lm vi
nhim v 4. l bi v ngy bt u v kt thc ca nhim v khi qut c dn dt bi ngy
bt u sm nht v ngy kt thc mun nht ca cc nhim v con ca n, m trong trng hp
Chng III
43

ny n vn ang trong ch tin th cng. Bn s gii quyt vn ny bng cch chuyn
sang ch tin t ng trong phn tip theo.
3.6. Chuyn ch tin ca nhim v t th cng sang t ng

Theo mc nh Project thit lp cc nhim v mi trong ch tin th cng-Manually
Scheduled. Thc t, cho n phn ny ca cun sch bn lm vic ch vi cc nhim v c ch
tin th cng. Trong Project bn kim sot vic ln tin ca cc nhim v theo hai cch
thc khc nhau:
- Lm vic vi cc nhim v c ch tin th cng-Manually Scheduled s nhanh chng
nm gi c mt s chi tit nhng khng c s ln tin cc nhim v. Hy ngh rng mt
nhim v c ch tin th cng l mt s gi ch ban u m bn c th to ra bt c lc no
m khng nh hng n phn cn li ca k hoch. Bn c th ban u khng bit g nhiu hn
ngoi ci tn ca nhim v v iu OK. Khi bn pht hin ra hoc quyt nh thm cc chi tit
v nhim v ny, chng hn nh khi no n xy ra, bn c th thm cc chi tit ti k hoch.
- Lm vic vi cc nhim v c ch tin t ng-Auto Scheduled s dng y
li ch ca cng c ln tin mnh m trong Project.
Vi ch tin t ng, Project t ng cp nht cc gi tr v tin c tnh ton
nh thi hn thc hin, ngy bt u v kt thc p ng ti nhng thay i trong mt k hoch.
Cc thay i ti cc yu t nh cc rng buc, cc mi quan h v nhim v hoc lch c th khin
Project tnh ton li cc nhim v b nh hng.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, k hoch ra mt cun sch mi c
xem xt bi cc ti nguyn l nhng ngi s thc hin cng vic v bi nhng bn lin quan khc
ca d n. Mc d bn mong i k hoch ny thay i mt cht khi bn bit nhiu hn v s ra
mt ca cun sch, nhng by gi bn t tin chuyn i ch tin ca cc nhim v
trong ton b k hoch t th cng sang t ng.
Trong v d ny, bn chuyn i cc nhim v sang ch tin t ng v sau thay
l thay i s mc nh v ch tin cc nhim v mi to c ch tin t ng.
Bc 1: Chn tn ca cc nhim v t 2 ti 4.
Nhng nhim v ny hin ang c thit lp ch tin th cng, c biu th l
biu tng ci inh ghim
trong ct Task Mode.
Bc 2: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Tasks, kch Auto Schedule
Project s chuyn cc nhim v ny sang ch tin t ng.
Project thay i cc biu tng trong ct Task Mode t hnh ci inh ghim sang biu tng
v thay i nh dng ca cc thanh bar Gantt ca nhng nhim v ny cho bit rng chng
ang ch tin t ng. Tip theo, bn s s dng mt phng php khc thay i ch
tin cho mt nhim v .
Bc 3: Kch vo trng d liu thuc ct c nhn Task Mode ca nhim v 6 v sau
Chng III
44

nhp vo mi tn mu en xut hin bn phi .
Bc 4: Trong danh sch hin ra, kch chn Auto Scheduled.
Ln ny, nhim v 6 c ln tin li bt u mun hn. Ti sao iu ny xy ra?

Hy nh ti s ph thuc gia hai nhim v khi qut. S ph thuc ny ni rng, nhim v Public
Launch Phase nn bt u ngay khi nhim v Planning Phase c hon thnh. Tuy nhin, do
nhim v 6 v cc nhim v con khc ca Public Launch Phase c thit lp ch tin th
cng nn Project khng ln li tin cc nhim v ny l gii cho s ph thuc .
Tuy nhin, ngay sau khi bn thit lp nhim v 6 c ch tin t ng, Project lm
iu v cng iu chnh ngy bt u ca nhim v khi qut ca n.
Cc nhim v con cn li l 7 v 8 vn ang ch tin th cng, v vy Projsect
khng ln li tin cho chng. Bn s chuyn ch tin cho cc nhim v ny bc tip
theo.
Bc 5: Chn tn ca nhim v 7 v 8.
Bc 6: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Tasks, kch Auto Schedule.
Project ln li tin cc nhim v cn li. Vic ny rt ngn thi hn thc hin ca
nhim v Public Launch Phase v ca ton b d n.
Vo lc ny, k hoch ny ang c thit lp bt k nhim v mi m bn c th nhp

c ch tin l th cng. Bn c th vn gi thit lp ny nh hin ti v sau chuyn cc
nhim v c th sang ch tin t ng. Tuy nhin, k hoch ny pht trin by gi
chuyn sang ch tin t ng v sau thit lp mt s nhim v c th sang ch tin
th cng khi cn.
Bc 7: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Tasks, kch Schedule Mode
tng u mi tn nh mu en) v sau chn Auto Schedule.
( kch vo biu
Lu : Bn c th chuyn i qua li gia cc ch tin ca k hoch hin ang c

m ra trong Project bng cch kch on vn bn New Tasks trn thanh trng thi v sau chn
Chng III
45

ch tin mun chuyn i.
Bn cng c th thay i loi ch tin mc nh m Project p dng cho tt c cc

k hoch mi c to ra sau . lm iu ny, vo tab File kch Options v sau nhp vo
tab Schedule. Trong khu vc c nhn Schedule, kch vo hp chn c nhn Scheduling options
for this project, ri kch chn All New Projects v sau trong hp chn c nhn New tasks
created, kch chn Auto Scheduled.
Tip theo bn s thy vic ln tin t ng trong hnh ng khi bn mt nhim v mi
ti k hoch.
Bc 8 :Trong trng d liu thuc ct c nhn Task Name bn di nhim v c ID l
8, g Launch social media programs for book v sau nhn Enter.
Project thm nhim v mi ny ti k hoch. Theo mc nh, n khng lin kt vi bt k
nhim v no khc, c cung cp mt thi hn thc hin l mt ngy v c ln tin bt
u vo ngy bt u ca nhim v khi qut ca n. Khng ging nh cc nhim v c ch
tin th cng, cc nhim v c ch tin t ng c c mt thi hn thc hin v ngy
bt u, ngy kt thc khi c thm ti k hoch.
kt thc v d ny, bn s lin kt hai nhim v.
Bc 9: Chn tn ca nhim v c ID l 8 v 9 .
Bc 10: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Schedule, kch Link the selected tasks.
Project lin kt hai nhim v ny. Ch rng thi hn thc hin ca nhim v khi qut
Public Launch Phase c cp nht t ng t 9 ln 10 ngy .
3.7. Kim tra thi hn thc hin v ngy kt thc ca k hoch

Ti bt k thi im no trong qu trnh ln k hoch hoc thc hin ca mt d n, bn v
cc bn lin quan khc ca d n rt c th s mun bit d n c d kin hon thnh trong bao
nhiu lu. Bn khng nhp trc tip tng thi hn thc hin hoc ngy kt thc trong mt k hoch,
v bn khng cn phi lm. Project tnh ton nhng gi tr ny trn da trn cc thi hn thc
hin ca nhim v, nhng ph thuc, cc ci iu chnh v lch d n v rt nhiu yu t khc m
bn ghi li trong mt k hoch.
Mt cch d dng xem thi hn thc hin ca k hoch v ngy bt u, ngy kt thc
c d kin l thng qua khung nhn Timeline, nhim v tng qut ca d n, v hp thoi
Chng III
46

Project Information.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, k hoch ca bn cho vic ra mt cun
sch mi ang gip gip nhm thc hin c c s t chc xp xp cho cng vic sp ti.
Bn thng xuyn b yu cu cung cp thi hn thc hin, ngy kt thc hin ang c d kin
ca k hoch ra mt cun sch.
Trong v d ny, bn kim tra tng thi hn thc hin ca k hoch v ngy kt thc d kin
da trn cc thi hn thc hin ca cc nhim v v cc mi quan h m bn nhp.
Bc 1: Trong khung nhn Timeline pha trn khung nhn Gantt Chart, ch ti ngy bt
u v kt thc hin ti ca k hoch ny.
Lu : Nu khung nhn Timeline khng hin th, trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View,
tch chn vo hp kim c nhn Timeline.
Khung nhn Timeline l mt cch thc tin dng nhn thy bc tranh tng th ca k
hoch. y, bn ang ch nhn thy ngy bt u v kt thc, nhng trong nhng chng sau,
bn s lm vic vi khung nhn Timeline theo nhng cch khc na.
Tip theo bn s c c mt ci nhn su hn v thi hn thc hin ca k hoch.
Hp thoi Project Information s xut hin .
y, li mt ln na bn nhn thy ngy kt thc: 3/2/15. Bn khng th trc tip chnh
sa ngy kt thc ny c bi v k hoch ny ang c thit lp l ln tin k t ngy bt
u. Project tnh ton ngy kt thc ca k hoch da trn khong thi gian ko di ca cc ngy
lm vic c yu cu hon thnh cc nhim v, bt u t ngy bt u ca k hoch. Bt k
s thay i no ti ngy bt u ny u khin Project tnh ton li ngy kt thc.
Tip theo, chng ta s xem cc thng tin v thi hn thc hin mt cch chi tit hn.
Bc 3: Trong hp thoi Project Information kch Stalistics
Hp thoi Project Stalistics xut hin.
Bn khng cn phi hiu ht tt c nhng con s ny, nhng thi hn thc hin hin ti ( D
liu thuc ct c nhn Duration, v thuc hng c nhn Current) l ng ch . Thi gian thc
hin ny l s ngy lm vic ( khng k nhng ngy c khong thi gian tri qua ) gia ngy bt
u v ngy kt thc ca k hoch.
Lu : Project xc nh tng thi hn thc hin ca mt k hoch bng cch tnh ton s
khc bit gia ngy bt u sm nht v ngy kt thc mun nht ca cc nhim v ca k hoch.
Chng III
47

Thi hn thc hin ny ca k hoch cng b nh hng bi cc yu t khc, chng hn nh cc
mi quan h v nhim v ( c tho lun phn trn trong chng ny). Bi v Project phn
bit gia thi gian lm vic v thi gian khng lm vic nn thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v
khng nht thit phi tng ng vi khong thi gian tri qua.
Bc 4: Kch Close ng hp thoi Project Stalistics.
Tip theo bn s hin th nhim v tng qut ca d n trong khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Bc 5: Nhn vo bt c ni no trong khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Do ang hng s tp trung trong khung nhn Gantt Chart , nhn ng cnh pha trn tab
Format thay i thnh Gantt Chart Tools.
Bc 6: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Show/Hide, tch chn vo hp kim Project
Summary Task.
Project hin th nhim v tng qut ca d n v tr trn cng ca khung nhnh Gantt
Chart vi mt s ID l 0. y bn s thy cc gi tr ca thi hn thc hin, ngy bt u v
kt thc ging nh c hin th trong hp thoi Project Stalistcs v mt thanh bar Gantt
c v bt u t ngy bt u ti ngy k thc ca ton b k hoch.
Project Summary Task
Thanh bar Gantt ca Project Summary Task
3.8. Ch thch cho nhim v vi ghi ch v siu lin kt

Bn c th ghi cc thng tin b sung v mt nhim v trong mt ghi ch. V d, bn c th
c cc m t chi tit ca mt nhim v nhng li mun gi cho tn ca nhim v c ngn
gn, bn c th thm cc chi tit nh thng tin vo mt ghi ch ca nhim v thay vo tn ca
nhim v . Bng cch , cc thng tin ny c tr trong k hoch v c th dng xem hoc
in chng.
C ba loi ghi ch : ghi ch cho nhim v, ghi ch cho ti nguyn v ghi ch cho s phn
cng. Bn c th nhp v xem li cc ghi ch cho nhim v trn tab Notes trong hp thoi Task
Information. Cc ghi ch Project h tr mt lot cc ty chn v nh dng vn bn, thm ch
bn c lin kt hoc lu tr cc hnh nh ha v cc kiu loi tp tin khc trong ghi ch.
Lu : Bn s lm vic vi cc ghi ch cho ti nguyn trong chng 4.
i khi bn c th mun lin kt mt nhim v trong mt k hoch vi cc thng tin c
lu tr trong mt ti liu khc hoc trn mt trang web. Cc siu lin kt-Hyperlink cho php bn
kt ni mt nhim v c th ti cc thng tin b sung tn ti bn ngoi k hoch.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn c mt s chi tit v mt s nhim v
trong k hoch ra mt cun sch mi m bn mun ghi chng vo k hoch. Vic gi nhng chi
tit nh vy trong k hoch s gip bn sau ny v n cng s c ch cho bt k ai khc lin quan
Chng III
48

n d n, nhng ngi c th lm vic vi k hoch ny trong tng lai
Trong v d ny, bn nhp cc ghi ch cho nhim v v cc siu lin kt ti ti liu cha
ng cc thng tin quan trng v mt s nhim v:
Bc 1: Chn tn ca nhim v 6, Distribute advance copies.
Bc 2:. Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Notes.
Lu : Bn cng c th kch chut phi vo tn nhim v v chn Notes trn Shortcut menu
xut hin .
Project s hin th hp thoi Task Information cng tab Notes ang c chn.
Bc 3: Trong phn nhp d liu c nhn Notes, g Get recipient list from publicist.
Bc 4: Kch OK.
Mt biu tng ghi ch
s xut hin trong ct c nhn l Indicators
Bc 5: Di chuyn con tr chut ti biu tng ghi ch ca nhim v 6.

Mt on ghi ch m xut hin trong mt ScreenTip. i vi cc ghi ch m l qu di
hin th trong mt ScreenTip, bn c th kch p chut vo biu tng ghi ch hin th y
ni dung ca ghi ch .
Bn c th thy c mt biu tng ghi ch dnh cho nhim v 0, nhim v tng qut
ca d n. Chng ta s xem xt n sau y.
Bc 6: Di chuyn con tr chut ti biu tng ghi ch ca nhim v 0.
Bn c th nhn ra rng on ghi ch m xut hin trong ScreenTip n t phn 3-Nhp
tiu v cc thuc tnh khc ca k hoch trong chng 2. Vn bn ny c nhp trong
trng d liu Comments ca hp thoi Propeties. Nh bn c th thy, vn bn c nhp
trong trng d liu Comments xut hin nh l mt ghi ch ca nhim v tng qut ca d n.
Nu bn thm hoc thay i mt ghi ch ca nhim v tng qut nh bn lm trc vi
nhim v 6 th s thay i ny s xut hin trong trng d liu Comments trong hp thoi
Properties.
kt thc v d ny, bn s to ra mt siu lin kt .
Bc 7: Kch chut phi vo tn ca nhim v 8, Launch public Web portal for book, v sau
chn mc Hyperlink trong Shortcut menu xut hin.
Hp thoi Insert Hyperlink s xut hin
Bc 8: Trong hp nhp c nhn Text to display, g Add to spring catalog here.
Bc 9: Trong nhp c nhn Address, g http://www.lucernepublishing.com/
Bc 10: Nhn OK.
Chng III
49

Mt biu tng siu lin kt
xut hin trong ct c nhn Indicators
. Di chuyn con
tr chut ti biu tng siu lin kt hin th on vn bn m t m bn g trn.
m trang web trong trnh duyt ca bn, hoc l kch vo biu tng siu lin kt hoc
l kch chut phi biu tng siu lin kt v trong shortcut menu xut hin, chn mc Hyperlink
v sau l Open Hypelink.
Lu : Bn c th nhanh chng g b cc ghi ch, cc siu lin kt hoc cc nh dng ra
khi cc nhim v c chn, Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Editing, kch Clear (trng ging
nh mt ci ty), v sau chn lnh m bn mun.
Chng III
50
Thit lp cc ti nguyn
Chng IV
51

Microsoft Project 2013 h tr ba loi ti nguyn. l ti nguyn lm vic, v hai loi ti
nguyn c mc ch c bit: chi ph v nguyn vt liu. Tm li, sau y l cch hiu v ba loi
ti nguyn ny:
- Work resource: Ti nguyn lm vic, bao gm con ngi v thit b cn thit hon thnh
cc nhim v trong mt k hoch ca d n .
- Cost resource: Ti nguyn chi ph, i din cho mt chi ph ti chnh gn lin vi mt
nhim v m bn cn phi tnh n trong k hoch. V d, bao gm cc loi chi ph nh chi ph i
du lch, chi ph vui chi gii tr v nhng th khc.
- Material resource: Ti nguyn nguyn vt liu l cc mt hng tiu dng ( v d st, thp,
xi mng) m bn dng khi d n thc hin. V d, mt d n xy dng c th cn phi theo di
lng st thp hoc b tng khi n c s dng trong sut d n.
Trong chng ny, bn s thit lp cc ti nguyn lm vic v ti nguyn chi ph. Bn s
lm vic vi cc ti nguyn nguyn vt liu trong Chng 10.
Qun l ti nguyn hiu qu l mt trong nhng li th quan trng nht ca vic s dng
Project hn l cc cng c lp k hoch tp trung vo nhim v. Bn khng cn phi thit lp ti
nguyn v phn cng chng ti cc nhim v trong Project, tuy nhin vic khng lm cc thng
tin ny c sn trong Project c th khin bn t c t hiu qu trong vic qun l d n ca
bn. Thit lp thng tin v ti nguyn trong Project c mt mt cht n lc, nhng thi gian b ra
l ng gi nu d n ca bn ch yu b dn dt bi rng buc v thi gian hoc chi ph (v gn
nh tt c cc d n u b dn dt bi mt trong hai hoc l c hai yu t ny).
4.1. Nhp tn ca ti nguyn lm vic

Ti nguyn lm vic l con ngi v thit b lm cc cng vic ca d n. Project tp trung
vo hai kha cnh ca ti nguyn lm vic: s sn sng dng v cc chi ph ca chng. S sn
sng dng quyt nh khi no th cc ti nguyn c th c th lm vic trong cc nhim v v
cc ti nguyn c th hon thnh c bao nhiu cng vic. Chi ph l m ch n chi ph ti
chnh phi gnh chu do cc ti nguyn thc hin cng vic trong d n.
Mt s v d v cch thc m bn c th nhp tn ti nguyn lm vic c lit k trong
bng sau:
Ti nguyn lm vic
V d nhp
Cc c nhn c xc nh bi tn
Cc c nhn c xc nh bi tn cng vic hoc chc
danh
Jun Cao ; Zac Woodall

Ngi chu trch nhim xut
bn; Chuyn gia hp ng
Cc nhm ngi c chung cc k nng ( Khi phn cng

nhng ti nguyn c th thay th cho nhau c ti mt
nhim v, c th bn s khng quan tm ti vic c
nhn l ai, min l h c k nng ph hp)
Thit b
Cc th k ta son; nhm
th xp ch
My in
* Cn nhc v ti nguyn thit b.

Trong Project, bn thit lp cc ti nguyn con ngi v thit b trong cng mt cch thc
ging nhau, chng u l nhng v d v ti nguyn lm vic. Tuy nhin, bn cn phi nhn thc
c cc khc bit quan trng trong cch thc m bn c th ln tin cho hai ti nguyn lm
vic ny. Hu ht cc ti nguyn con ngi u c mt ngy lm vic in hnh l 8 gi v thng
khng qu 12 gi, nhng cc ti nguyn thit b c th c cc kh nng lm vic a dng hn
nhiu, t lm vic trong khong thi gian ngn ( tun theo s duy tu bo dng ) cho ti sut ngy
m m khng gin on. Hn na, nhng ti nguyn con ngi c th linh hot trong cc nhim
v m h c th thc thi, nhng cc ti nguyn thit b li c xu hng chuyn dng hn. V d,
Chng IV
52

mt ngi bin tp ni dung cho mt d n sch cng c th lm vic nh mt th k ta son
trong lc gay go thiu ngi, nhng mt my photo khng th thay th cho mt my in.
Bn khng cn phi theo di tng thit b s c s dng trong k hoch ca bn, nhng
bn c th mun thit lp cc ti nguyn thit b khi:
- Nhiu i hoc nhm ngi c th cn cng mt thit b hon thnh cc nhim v khc
nhau cng mt lc, v thit b c th b ng k s dng qu nhiu.
- Bn mun lp k hoch v theo di cc chi ph lin quan vi cc trang thit b. Hy xem
xt nhng vn ny nu k hoch ca bn c cc ti nguyn thit b.
Project c th gip bn a ra cc quyt nh thng minh hn v vic qun l cc ti nguyn
lm vic ln vic gim st cc chi ph ti chnh.
Lu : Nu bn v cc thnh vin trong nhm ca bn c Lync 2010 hoc sau y s ci
t, bn c th bt u nhn tin, gi in hoc gi in hnh nh trc tip t cc danh sch ti
nguyn trong Project. Di chuyn con tr chut ti biu tng hin din bn cnh tn ca cc ti
nguyn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn c mt khi u tt vi danh sch
cc nhim v ca vic ra mt cun sch mi. Bn ang sn sng thit lp cc ti nguyn cn
thit hon thnh cng vic ra mt cun sch mi ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing. Cng
nh danh sch cc nhim v, bn ang mong i mt s thay i trong tng lai ti cc chi tit
ca ti nguyn khi bn bit hiu thm v d n, nhng bn c thng tin bt u ngay by
gi.
Trong v d, bn nhp tn ca mt s ti nguyn lm vic.
Bn cn cc tp tin Simple Resources_Start nm trong th mc Practises/Chapter 4 i km
theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Simple Resources_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc c tn l
Simple Resources.
Bc 1: Trn cc tab View, trong nhm lnh Resource Sheet, kch Resource Sheet.
Bn s s dng khung nhn Resource Sheet nhp danh sch ban u ca cc ti nguyn
d n ra mt cun sch mi.
Bc 2: Nhp vo trng d liu trn cng thuc ct c nhn l Resource Name.
Bc 3: G Jun Cao v nhn phm Enter.
Project s to ra mt ti nguyn mi.
Bc 4: Trong cc trng d liu trng tip theo trong ct c nhn Resource Name. nhp
tn cc ti nguyn sau:
Sharon Salavaria
Toby Nixon
Toni Poe
Zac Woodall
Chng IV
53

Khi bn to ra mt ti nguyn lm vic mi, Project s mc nh gn cho n 100% Max.Unit.
Nhng ti nguyn ny u l nhng c nhn ring r. Bn cng c th c mt ti nguyn i

din cho nhiu ngi. Bn s nhp ti nguyn nh th bc k tip.
Bc 5: Trong trng d liu thuc ct c nhn Resource Name bn di ti nguyn cui
cng, g Copyeditors (nhm th k ta son ) v sau nhn Enter.
Lu : Nu bn thy cn phi thm mt ti nguyn mi vo danh sch ca bn v bn mun
thm ti nguyn mi vo v tr m khng phi l nm cui danh sch. y l cch thc hin,
chn tn ti nguyn m bn mun n xut hin trc tip bn di ti nguyn mi. Trn tab
Resource, trong nhm lnh Insert, kch Add Resource v sau chn loi ti nguyn bn mun.
* Cch tt nht nhp tn ti nguyn l g ?
Trong Project, tn ca cc ti nguyn lm vic c th cp n nhng ngi c th ( chng
hn nh Sharon Salavaria ) hoc cc chc danh cng vic c th (chng hn nh ngi chu trch
nhim xut bn-Publisher hoc chuyn gia hp ng-Contract Specialist). S dng bt c quy c
t tn no cng c min l hp l nht vi bn v cho nhng ngi s thy k hoch ca bn.
Cu hi quan trng l: Ai s nhn thy cc tn ci tn ca ti nguyn v h s nhn bit cc ti
nguyn ny nh th no? Cc ci tn ti nguyn m bn chn s xut hin c trong Project v
trong bt k thng tin no v ti nguyn c chia s t Project. y c hai v d:
- Trong khung nhn mc nh Gantt Chart, tn ca mi ti nguyn xut hin bn cnh cc
thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim m ti nguyn c phn cng ti.
- Trong bo co Resource Overview, tn ca mi ti nguyn xut hin trn trc ca biu
Resource Start v Work Status, v c trong bng Resource Status.
Mt ti nguyn c th cp ti mt ngi no ang l nhn vin hoc mt ngi no
m chc v s c in vo sau. Trong trng hp bn c th khng c tn ca nhng ngi
c th cn nhp, hy s dng cc m t v tn hoc chc danh cng vic gi ch khi thit lp
cc ti nguyn trong Project.
4.2. Nhp kh nng lm vic ti a ca ti nguyn

Trng d liu Max.Units i din cho kh nng lm vic ti a ca mt ti nguyn lm
vic trong cc nhim v c phn cng ti nguyn . nh r rng mt ti nguyn c 100% n
v ti a-maximun Units c hiu l 100 phn trm thi gian lm vic ca ti nguyn ang sn
sng lm vic trong cc nhim v trong k hoch. Project s cnh bo bn vi mt ch th v
nh dng mu nu bn phn cng ti nguyn ti nhiu hn s lng cc nhim v m ti
nguyn c th thc hin ti n v ti a 100% (hay ni cch khc l ti nguyn b phn b
vt mc-overallocated). 100 % l gi tr Max.Unit mc nh cho cc ti nguyn mi.
i vi ti nguyn i din khng phi cho mt ngi c th m l mt nhm ngi c
chung k nng v c th thay th nhau c, bn c th nhp mt gi tr n v ti a ln hn
biu th s lng ngi c sn. Nhp mt gi tr n v ti a chng hn nh 800 % cho mt ti
nguyn c ngha l bn c th mong i rng tm c nhn u thuc v ti nguyn s c sn
lm vic ton thi gian full-time trong tng ngy lm vic bnh thng.
i vi ti nguyn m c mt tin lm vic l t hn ton thi gian-Full time, bn c th
nhp mt gi tr n v ti a nh hn. Vic nhp mt gi tr n v ti a chng hn nh 75 %
Chng IV
54

cho mt ti nguyn c ngha l bn c th mong i rng kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn ch
bng ba phn t kh nng lm vic ca mt ti nguyn lm vic ton thi gian full-time. i vi
mt tun lm vic 40 gi th kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn l 30 gi (40h x 75%). Lu
rng mt kh nng lm vic bn thi gian-part time nh vy c th p dng cho mt nhn vin
lm vic bn thi gian hoc mt nhn vin lm vic ton thi gian nhng c phn b ti mt
mt d n c th ch lm vic bn thi gian.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn cn phi thay i gi tr n v ti a
100% mc nh cho mt s ti nguyn. Bn c bit rng bn th k ta son (copyeditor) c k
nng nh nhau s c phn b cho vic ra mt cun sch mi. Bn cng c mt ti nguyn trong
k hoch, Sharon Salavaria, l ngi s lm vic bn thi gian ti nh xut bn.
Trong v d ny, bn s iu chnh cc gi tr Max.Units cho mt ti nguyn m i din cho
mt nhm ngi v mt ti nguyn khc m kh nng lm vic trong k hoch ny l bn thi
gian.
Bc 1: Kch vo trng d liu Max.Units ca ti nguyn Copyeditors.
Bc 2: Nhp hoc chn 400 % , v sau nhn Enter.
Lu : Khi bn kch mt gi tr s hc trong mt trng d liu ging Max.Units, hai mi
tn ln v xung xut hin. Bn c th kch vo chng hin th tr s m bn mun, hoc n
gin hn l g mt tr s vo trong trng d liu ny .
Tip theo, bn s cp nht gi tr Max.Units cho Sharon Salavaria th hin rng c y
lm vic bn thi gian.
Bc 3: Kch vo trng d liu Max.Units ca Sharon Salavaria, g hoc chn 50 % , v
sau nhn phm Enter.
Lu : Nu bn thch, bn c th nhp vo n v ti a l s thp phn hoc s nguyn

(chng hn nh l 0,5 ; 1 ; 4 ) ch khng phi l t l phn trm ( chng hn nh 50 % , 100 % ,
400 % ). s dng nh dng ny, vo tab File, chn Options. Trong hp thoi Project Options,
kch vo tab Schedule. Bn di khu vc c nhn Schedule, trong hp chn c nhn Show
assignment units as kch chn Decimal.
Vi nhng thay i ny ti Max.Units, Project s xem nh cc ti nguyn ny b phn b
vt mc khi cng vic c phn cng vt qu kh nng lm vic ca h. Bn s lm vic vi
ti nguyn b phn b vt mc trong Chng 10.
4.3. Nhp cc mc lng ca ti nguyn

Hu nh tt c cc d n c mt s kha cnh v ti chnh v chi ph li gii hn phm vi
ca nhiu d n. Theo di v qun l cc thng tin v chi ph trong Project cho php ngi qun
l ca d n tr li nhng cu hi quan trng nh:
- Tng chi ph d kin ca d n da trn cc thi hn thc hin ca nhim v v cc s
phn cng ti nguyn l ci g?
- C phi t chc ca bn ang s dng cc ti nguyn t tin lm cc nhim v m cc
ti nguyn t tn km c th lm khng?
Chng IV
55

- Mi chi ph ti nguyn hoc chi ph nhim v c th s c gi l bao nhiu trn vng i
ca d n ?
- C phi t chc ca bn ang tiu tin mt mc m n c th duy tr c thi hn thc
hin c ln k hoch ca d n khng ?
Trong Project, bn c th nhp mc lng trung bnh-Standard Rate v chi ph mi ln s
dng cho cc ti nguyn lm vic v ti nguyn nguyn vt liu. Nh li rng trong Project c ba
loi ti nguyn: lm vic, nguyn vt liu v chi ph. Cc ti nguyn chi ph khng s dng mc
lng v c miu t phn sau trong chng ny .
Khi mt ti nguyn lm vic c nhp mt mc lng trung bnh v c phn cng ti
mt nhim v, Project tnh ton chi ph ca s phn cng ny. Project thc hin iu bng
cch nhn gi tr thi gian lm vic ca s phn cng vi mc lng trung bnh ca ti nguyn
-c hai u dng chung mt n v v thi gian ( chng hn nh n v gi). Sau bn c th
thy chi ph cho tng ti nguyn, chi ph cho tng s phn cng v chi ph cho tng nhim v
(cng nh cc chi ph c cun ln cc nhim v khi qut v ton b k hoch). Bn s phn
cng cc ti nguyn ti cc nhim v trong chng 5.
Project x l cc chi ph lm thm gi theo cch khc. Project s p dng mc lng lm
thm gi-Overtime Rate ch khi bn ghi c th gi lm thm cho mt s phn cng. Bn s tm
hiu thm cc thng tin v vic lm thm gi trong Chng 15. Project khng t ng tnh cc
gi lm thm v cc chi ph lin quan bi v c mt s tnh c l n s p dng lm thm gi khi
bn khng c nh v n. Trong nhim v v vic ra mt ca cun sch mi, tin lm vic
ca Jun Cao l mt v d. Trong phn tip theo, bn s thit lp mt tin lm vic 10 gi mi
ngy, bn ngy mi tun cho Jun Cao ( mt tin lm vic "Four-by-ten" ). Tin lm vic
vn l mt tun lm vic-40 gi bnh thng, mc d hai gi cng thm mi ngy c th b nhm
ln cho l thm gi vi gi nh mt ngy bnh thng lm tm gi.
Ngoi ra hoc thay v cc mc chi ph, mt ti nguyn c th bao gm mt khon ph m
Project cng dn ti tng nhim v m ti nguyn c phn cng n. Vic ny c gi l chi
ph mi ln s dng cost per use. Khng ging nh cc mc chi ph, chi ph mi ln s dng khng
bin i theo thi hn thc hin ca nhim v hoc thi gian lm vic m ti nguyn thc thi trong
nhim v. Bn ghi r chi ph mi ln s dng trong trng d liu Cost/Use trong khung nhn
Resource Sheet.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn nhn c cc mc lng cho cc ti
nguyn lm vic c lin quan n vic ra mt cun sch mi t b phn ti chnh. Cc mc lng
ny bao gm c mc lng theo gi v theo tun. Bn cn phi nhp cc mc lng ny trong k
hoch ra mt cun sch mi.
Trong v d ny, bn nhp vo cc mc lng trung bnh v lm thm gi cho cc ti nguyn
lm vic.
Bc 1: Trong trng d liu thuc ct c nhn Std.Rate ca Jun Cao.
Bc 2: G 42 v nhn Enter.
Mc lng trung bnh theo gi ca Jun Cao l $42 xut hin trong ct c nhn Std.Rate.
Lu rng mc lng trung bnh mc nh l theo gi, v vy bn khng cn phi ch r chi ph
cho mi gi.
Bc 3: Trong trng d liu Std.Rate ca Sharon Salavaria, g 1100/w v nhn Enter.
Mc lng trung bnh theo tun ca Sharon Salavaria xut hin trong ct c nhn Std.Rate.
( Bn c th cn phi m rng b rng ca ct xem y cc mc lng, nh c hin th
di y).
Mc lng ny l 1100 la cho 1 tun lm vic.
Chng IV
56
Bc 4: Nhp cc mc lng trung bnh sau y cho cc ti nguyn tip theo:

Tn ti nguyn
Toby Nixon
Toni Poe
Mc lng trung bnh

2700/w
l 0 (Toni l tc gi ca cun sch nn bn khng
phi theo di cc chi ph da trn mc lng ca c y
trong k hoch ny)
Zac Woodall
Copyeditors
55
45
Lu : Bn c th cn phi m rng b rng mt s ct thy y cc tiu ct v cc

gi tr nh c th hin trong hnh minh ha.
Nh bn c th thy, bn c th nhp cc mc lng trung bnh theo gi (mc nh trong
Project ), theo ngy hoc theo tun. Trong thc t, bn c th nhp cc mc lng trong tt c
cc n v v thi gian nh khi bn c th nhp cho cc thi hn thc hin-t pht, gi, ngy
cho n nm.
Tip theo, bn s nhp mt mc lng lm thm gi cho mt trong s cc ti nguyn .
Bc 5: Trong trng d liu dnh cho mc lng lm thm gi ( c nhn Ovt.Rate ) ca
Jun Cao, g 63 v sau nhn Enter.
Lu : Nu bn lm vic vi mt s lng ln cc ti nguyn l nhng ngi cng mc
lng trung bnh hoc mc lng lm thm gi, bn c th thit lp Project p dng cc mc
lng ny mt cch t ng bt c khi no bn thm mt ti nguyn mi. lm iu ny, vo
tab File, chn Options. Trong hp thoi Project Options, chn tab Advanced. Di khu vc c
nhn General options for this project, tch chn vo hp kim c nhn Automatically add new
resources and task v sau nhp vo cc mc lng mc nh m bn mun.
* Vn v qun l d n: Nhn c cc thng tin v chi ph ca ti nguyn.
Cc ti nguyn lm vic c th chim phn ln chi ph trong nhiu d n. tn dng y
li ch ca cc tnh nng v qun l chi ph phm vi rng trong Project, ngi qun l ca
d n nn bit cc chi ph lin quan ti tng ti nguyn lm vic. i vi cc ti nguyn l con
ngi, rt kh c c cc thng tin . Trong rt nhiu c quan t chc, ch nhng chuyn gia
qun l cp cao v cc chuyn gia v nhn lc mi bit cc mc lng ca tt c cc ti nguyn
lm vic trong mt d n, v h c th xem xt cc thng tin mt ny. Ty thuc vo chnh sch
ca c quan t chc ca bn v s u tin ca d n, bn c th khng c kh nng theo di cc
mc lng ca ti nguyn. Nu bn khng th theo di cc thng tin v chi ph ca ti nguyn v
d n ca bn b hn ch bi chi ph, hiu qu lm vic ca bn khi l mt ngi qun l ca d
n c th b gim st, v cc nh ti tr ca d n nn hiu s gii hn ny.
Chng IV
57

Nu bn c cc chi tit v chi ph trong k hoch ca bn v cc chi tit ny c coi l cc
thng tin nhy cm, i hi phi xem xt c mt mt khu m cc k hoch nh vy. thit
lp mt mt khu, kch vo tab File v sau nhn Save As. Chn th mc m bn mun lu.
Trong hp thoi Save As, kch vo Tools v sau chn General Options.
Mt chin lc khc xem xt l s dng cc sut chu ph bnh qun i cho cc ti
nguyn l con ngi. Mt sut chu ph-Burdened rate l mt mc lng cng vi cc chi ph bnh
qun trn u ngi. Mt sut chu ph bnh qun m t tt c mi ngi ni chung, nhng khng
c ai l c bit.
4.4. iu chnh thi gian lm vic trong lch ti nguyn

Project s dng cc loi lch khc nhau cho cc mc ch khc nhau. Trong chng 2, bn
sa i lch d n ch r cc ngy khng lm vic trong ton b d n. Trong phn ny, s
tp trung ca bn l lch ti nguyn-Resource Calendar. Mt lch ti nguyn kim sot thi gian
lm vic v khng lm vic ca mt ti nguyn c th. Project s dng lch ti nguyn quyt
nh khi no th s lm vic ca mt ti nguyn c th c ln tin . Lch ti nguyn ch p
dng cho cc ti nguyn lm vic ( con ngi v thit b ), khng p dng cho ti nguyn nguyn
vt liu hoc ti nguyn chi ph.
Ban u, khi bn to ra cc ti nguyn lm vic trong mt k hoch, Project to ra cho mi
mt ti nguyn lm vic mt lch ti nguyn. Cc thit lp ban u v thi gian lm vic ca cc
lch ti nguyn ph hp vi cc thit lp trong lch d n, cc thit lp ny c mc nh l lch
c s Standard. Lch c s Standard c xy dng bn trong Project v n cung cp mt tin
lm vic mc nh t 8 sng ti 5 gi chiu, bao gm 1 gi cho ngh tra, t th Hai n th
Su. Nu tt c cc thi gian lm vic ca cc ti nguyn ca bn ph hp vi thi gian lm vic
ca lch d n th bn khng cn phi chnh sa bt k lch ti nguyn no. Tuy nhin, rt c th
l mt s ti nguyn ca bn s cn mt s ngoi l ti thi gian lm vic trong lch d n nh:
- Mt tin lm vic linh hot v thi gian.
- Thi gian ngh l, k ngh.
- Cc khong thi gian khc khi mt ti nguyn ang khng sn sng lm vic trong d
n, chng hn nh khong thi gian dng trong o to hoc tham d mt cuc tho lun.
Lu : Nu bn c mt ti nguyn l ngi ang sn sng lm vic bn thi gian trong d
n ca bn, bn c th b li cun ti vic thit lp thi gian lm vic ca ti nguyn ny trong d
n phn nh mt tin lm vic bn thi gian, chng hn nh t 8 sng n 12 gi tra mi
ngy. Tuy nhin, c mt phng php tt hn, l iu chnh s sn sng ca ti nguyn
c ghi li trong trng d liu Max.Units thnh 50% nh lm trong v d trc i vi ti
nguyn tn l Sharon Salavaria. S thay i gi tr ti a kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn gi
s tp trung vo kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn lm vic trong d n thay v tp trung vo
cc thi gian c th ca ngy, khi cng vic c th xy ra. Bn c th thit lp gi tr ti a cho
mt ti nguyn trong khung nhn Resource Sheet.
Nhng thay i m bn thc hin trong lch d n s t ng c phn nh trong cc lch
ti nguyn cng bt ngun t lch d n. V d, trong Chng 2, bn ch r mt ngy khng
lm vic cho mt s kin tinh thn ca nhn vin, v Project ln li tin tt c cng vic
b qua ngy . Tuy nhin, lu rng mt khi bn to ra mt ngoi l v lch ti nguyn th ngoi
l s khng b nh hng bi cc thay i sau ny ti lch d n.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn c hai cp nht v thi gian lm vic
cn lm trong k hoch ra mt cun sch mi. Toby Nixon ni vi bn l anh y s tham d mt
hi ngh, v Jun Cao s lm vic ton thi gian nhng vi mt tin khng bnh thng l 10
gi mi ngy v bn ngy mi tun. Bn cn cp nht cc lch ti nguyn ca h cho ph hp.
Trong v d ny, bn ch r thi gian lm vic v khng lm vic cho cc ti nguyn lm
vic.
Chng IV
58

Hp thoi Change Working Time s xut hin .
Bc 2: Trong hp chn c nhn For calendar, kch chn Toby Nixon.
Lch ti nguyn ca Toby Nixon xut hin trong hp thoi Change Working Time. Toby
ni vi bn rng anh y s khng sn sng lm vic vo th su, ngy 23 thng 1, bi v anh y
c k hoch tham d hi ngh ngnh cng nghip sch.
Bc 3: Trn tab Exceptions trong hp thoi Change Working Time, kch trc tip vo
trng d liu u tin ca ct c nhn l Name v g Toby attending a conference.
on m t ny cho ngoi l lch l mt li nhc nh hu ch cho bn v nhng ngi khc
l ngi c th xem k hoch sau ny.
Bc 4: Kch vo Start v g hoc chn 23/1/15.
Bc 5: xem trc s cp nht v lch trong hp thoi, bm vo trng d liu thuc ct
c nhn Finish.
Lu : Ngoi ra, trong bng lch trong hp thoi Change Working Time, u tin bn c
th chn mt ngy hoc phm vi cc ngy m bn mun to ra mt ngoi l, v sau nhp tn
ca ngoi l . Project s chn ngy bt u v ngy kt thc mt cch t ng trn la chn ca
bn; sau khi n lm nh th, nhn phm Enter.
Mi lch ti nguyn u da trn lch d n, v lch d n mc nh l lch c s Standard.
Project s khng ln tin lm vic cho Toby trong ngy 23/01 ny. Cng lu rng ngy
22/01 l mt ngy khng lm vic. Ngy hm l ngoi l lch v s kin tinh thn ca nhn
vin trong lch d n m bn to ra Chng 2.
Lu : thit lp mt ngoi l v mt phn thi gian lm vic cho mt ti nguyn, chng
hn nh mt phn ca ngy khi m ti nguyn khng th lm vic, kch vo nt Details. Trong
hp thoi Details bn cng c th to ra cc ngoi l nh k ti s sn sng ca ti nguyn.
kt thc v d ny, bn s thit lp mt tin lm vic " four by ten " (c ngha l lm
4 ngy mi tun v 10 gi mi ngy) cho mt ti nguyn.
Bc 6: Trong hp chn c nhn For calendar kch vo Jun Cao.
Chng IV
59

Bc 7: Khi mt hp thoi xut hin nhc nh bn lu cc thay i v lch ti nguyn m
bn thc hin cho Toby Nixon th kch Yes.
Bc 8: Nhp vo tab Work weeks trong hp thoi Change Working Time.
Bc 9: Kch vo trng d liu c ghi l [Default] ngay bn di tiu ct Name, v sau
kch vo nt Details.
Tip theo, bn s sa i cc mc nh v thi gian lm vic trong ngy v s ngy lm vic
trong tun cho Jun Cao.
Bc 10: Bn di khu vc chn la c nhn Selected day(s), chn cc ngy t Monday ti
Thursday (ngha l chn t th Hai n th Nm).
y l nhng ngy trong tun m Jun Cao c th lm vic bnh thng.
Bc 11: Kch chn la chn c nhn Set day (s) to these specific working times.
Tip theo bn s thay i thi gian lm vic hng ngy thng thng ca Jun Cao cho nhng
ngy c y lm vic bnh thng.
Bc 12: Trong trng d liu thuc hng c s ID l 2, trong ct c nhn l To kch vo
5:00 PM v g thay th n bng 07:00 PM ri sau nhn phm Enter.
Lu : Trong hnh minh ha di y, do ang thit lp trong hp thoi Region and
Language trong Control Panel ca h iu hnh l Vit Nam nn PM c thay bng CH (
chiu).
Cui cng, bn s nh du ngy th Su (Friday) l ngy khng lm vic i vi Jun Cao.

Bc 13: Trong khu vc chn la c nhn Selected day(s), chn Friday.
Bc 14: Kch chn la chn c nhn Set days to nonworking time.
By gi Project c th ln tin lm vic cho Jun Cao t 8 gi sng n 7 gi ti trong
tt c cc ngy lm vic t th hai n th nm, nhng n s khng ln tin lm vic cho c y
vo cc ngy th su.
Bc 15: Kch OK ng hp thoi Details.

Chng IV
60

Bn c th nhn thy trn bng lch trong hp thoi Change Working Time, cc ngy th
Su ( cng nh ging nh cc ngy th By v Ch Nht ) c nh du l cc ngy khng lm
vic dnh cho Jun Cao.
Bc 16: Nhn phm OK ng hp thoi Change Time Working.

Bi v bn cha phn cng cc ti nguyn ny ti cc nhim v, nn bn cha nhn thy kt
qu ca vic ln tin ca cc thay i v thit lp v thi gian khng lm vic ca h. Bn s
phn cng cc ti nguyn cho cc nhim v trong Chng 5.
Lu : Nu bn nhn thy rng cn phi chnh sa mt s lch ti nguyn trong cch tng
t nh trn ( v d, x l lch ca m), th c mt cch c th d dng hn l gn mt lch c
s khc ti mt ti nguyn hoc nhm cc ti nguyn. Vic ny hiu qu hn vic chnh sa tng
lch ti nguyn ca tng c nhn, v bn c th s dng lch c s mi thc hin cc iu chnh
trn ton d n ti n nu cn. V d, nu d n ca bn bao gm c ca m v ca ngy, bn c
th p dng lch c s Night Shift ti cc ti nguyn lm vic ca m. Bn thay i mt lch c s
trong hp thoi Change Working Time. i vi nhm cc ti nguyn, bn c th la chn trc
tip mt lch c s c th trong ct Base Calendar trong bng Entry trong khung nhn Resource
Sheet.
4.5. Thit lp ti nguyn chi ph

Mt loi khc ca ti nguyn m bn c th s dng trong Project l cc ti nguyn chi
ph. Bn c th s dng mt ti nguyn chi ph i din cho mt chi ph ti chnh c lin quan
ti mt nhim v trong mt k hoch. Trong khi cc ti nguyn lm vic (con ngi v thit b)
c th c cc chi ph lin quan (cc mc lng theo gi v cc chi ph c nh cho mi ln phn
cng), th mc ch duy nht ca mt ti nguyn chi ph l lin kt mt loi hnh c th ca chi
ph vi mt hoc nhiu nhim v. Loi hnh ph bin ca cc ti nguyn chi ph c th bao gm
cc loi chi ph m bn mun theo di trong mt k hoch i vi mc ch k ton hoc bo co
ti chnh, chng hn nh chi ph du lch, vui chi gii tr, hoc o to.
Cc ti nguyn chi ph khng lm vic v khng c nh hng ti vic ln tin ca nhim
v. Cc trng d liu Max.Units, Std.Rate, Ovt.Rate v Cost/Use khng p dng cho cc ti
nguyn chi ph. Sau khi bn phn cng mt ti nguyn chi ph ti mt nhim v v ch r s tin
cho mi nhim v, bn c th xem chi ph tch ly cumulative cost ca loi ti nguyn chi ph ,
chng hn nh tng chi ph i li-travel cost trong mt d n.
Cch thc m cc ti nguyn chi ph to ra cc gi tr chi ph khc vi cc ti nguyn lm
vic. Khi bn phn cng mt ti nguyn lm vic ti mt nhim v, ti nguyn lm vic c th
to ra mt chi ph da trn mc lng ( chng hn 40 $ mi gi ) hoc mt chi ph c nh cho
mi ln s dng ( chng hn nh mt $ 100 cho mi ln phn cng) hoc c hai chi ph ny. Bn
Chng IV
61

thit lp mt ln cc mc lng v cc khon chi ph mi ln s dng cho ti nguyn lm vic nh
bn lm trong phn Nhp cc mc lng ti nguyn trn. Tuy nhin, bn nhp gi tr chi
ph ca mt ti nguyn ch khi bn phn cng n ti mt nhim v. Bn lm iu ny trong trng
d liu Cost thuc hp thoi Assign Resources hoc trong trng d liu Cost trong khung nhn
Task Form vi cc chi tit Cost c hin th. Bn s lm nh vy trong trong chng 5.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, Theo bo co kt qu kinh doanh ca mi
cun sch c xut bn th i li l mt chi ph ch yu phi gnh chu trong vic ra mt mt
cun sch. B phn ti chnh yu cu bn theo di chi ph i li trong k hoch. Bn s lm nh
vy thng qua ti nguyn chi ph.
Trong phn ny, bn s thit lp mt ti nguyn chi ph.
Bc 1: Trong khung nhn Resource Sheet, click vo trng d liu trng tip theo bn
di trong ct c nhn Name Resource.
Bc 2: G Travel v nhn phm Tab .
Bc 3: Trong trng d liu c nhn Type , kch chn Cost trong danh sch hin ra.
Trong chng 5 bn s phn cng ti nguyn chi ph ny ti mt nhim v.
4.6. Ch thch cho ti nguyn bng ghi ch

Bn c th nh li trong chng 3 rng bn c th ghi li cc thng tin b sung v mt nhim
v, ti nguyn hoc mt s phn cng trong mt ghi ch. V d, nu mt ti nguyn c cc k
nng linh hot m c th tr gip nhiu trong d n, th vic ghi li iu trong mt ghi l mt
tng tt. Bng cch , ghi ch ny s c tr bn trong k hoch v n c th d dng xem
hoc in.
Trong Chng 3, bn nhp mt ghi ch cho nhim v bng cch kch vo nt lnh Notes
trong nhm lnh Properties thuc tab Task. Bn c th nhp cc ghi ch cho ti nguyn bng mt
cch thc tng t (bng cch kch vo nt lnh Notes
nhng l trong nhm lnh Properties
thuc tab Resource), nhng trong v d ny, bn s s dng mt phng thc khc to ghi ch.
Bn s s dng khung nhn Resource Form, n cho php bn xem v chnh sa cc ghi ch cho
nhiu ti nguyn mt cch nhanh chng hn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thu thp mt s thng tin chi tit
v ti nguyn m chng ng gi ghi li trong k hoch. Bn mun ghi mt s mt s thng tin
v lch s lm vic c lin quan n nh xut bn cho mt ti nguyn v mt ti nguyn khc th
bn c mt lu r rng v mc lng ca c y.
Trong v d ny, bn s nhp cc ghi ch trong khung nhn Resource Form.
Bc 1: Trong ct c nhn Resource Name, kch chn Toby Nixon.
Bc 2: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch nt Details.
Lu : Bn cng c th tch chn vo hp kim c nhn Details ( chn Form Resource trong
hp chn nm bn cnh) thuc nhm lnh Split View trong tab View.
Khung nhn Resource Form s xut hin bn di khung nhn Resource Sheet.
Chng IV
62
Trong kiu phn chia khung nhn dng ny, cc chi tit v mc d liu c chn trong
khung nhn pha trn (trong trng hp ny l mt ti nguyn) s xut hin trong khung nhn bn
i. Bn c th nhanh chng thay i tn ca ti nguyn c chn trong khung nhn bn trn
bng cch kch trc tip vo mt ci tn hoc s dng phm mi tn ln hoc xung trn bn phm
hoc c th nhn nt c nhn l Previous hoc Next trong khung nhn Resource Form.
Khung nhn Resource Form c th hin th mt trong s cc loi chi tit. Ban u, n s
hin th cc chi tit v tin . Bc tip theo bn s thay i n hin th cc chi tit v vic
ghi ch.
Bc 3: Kch chut vo bt c ch no trong khung nhn Resource Form.
By gi, vi s tp trung ang hng v khung nhn Resource Form, nhn ng cnh pha
trn tab Format s thay i thnh Resource Form Tools.
Bc 4: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Details, kch Notes .
Lu : Bn cng c th kch chut phi trong khung nhn Resource Form v chn Notes
trn Shortcut menu xut hin.
Cc chi tit v vic ghi ch xut hin trong khung nhn Resource Form.
Bc 5: Trong hp nhp ghi ch, g Toby worked on launch campaigns for Toni Poes
previous two books.
Chng IV
63

Lu rng ngay sau khi bn bt u g ni dung ghi ch th nt Previous v Next trong
khung nhn Resource Form s thay i thnh OK v Cancel.
Bc 6: Bm nt OK.
Trong khung nhn Resource Sheet, mt biu tng ghi ch xut hin trong ct ch th
Indicator.
Bc 7: Di chuyn con tr chut ti biu tng ghi ch xut hin bn cnh ci tn Toby
Nixon trong khung nhn Resource Sheet.
Ghi ch xut hin trong mt ca s ScreenTip. i vi cc ghi ch m n qu di hin

th trong ScreenTip, bn c th kch p vo biu tng ghi ch hin th y ni dung ca
ghi ch. Bn cng c th xem ni dung cc ghi ch m qu di trong khung nhn Resource Form
hoc trong hp thoi Resource Information.
kt thc v d ny, bn s thm mt ghi ch cho mt ti nguyn khc.
Bc 8: Trong khung nhn Resource Form, nhn nt Previous chuyn s tp trung
sang Sharon Salavaria v hin th cc thng tin chi tit ca c y.
Lu : Bn cng c th kch vo ci tn Sharon Salavaria trong khung nhn Resource
Sheet bn trn khung nhn Resource Form.
Bc 9: Trong hp nhp ghi ch, g Sharons standard pay rate is adjusted for her halftime work schedule. Sau bm nt OK.
Bc cui cng, bn s n khung nhn Form Resource.

Bc 10: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch vo nt Details. Khung nhn
Resource Form b n i, ch li khung nhn Resource Sheet.
Chng IV
64
Phn cng ti nguyn ti nhim v
Chng V
65

Trong chng 3 v chng 4, bn to ra cc nhim v v cc ti nguyn. By gi bn
sn sng phn cng cc ti nguyn ti cc nhim v. Mi mt phn cng l mt s gn ghp
ca mt ti nguyn vo mt nhim v lm vic. T gc nhn ca mt nhim v, bn c th gi
qu trnh ca s phn cng mt ti nguyn l mt s phn cng nhim v; di gc nhn ca mt
ti nguyn, bn c th gi l mt s phn cng ti nguyn. Trong c hai trng hp th u c
mt iu tng t nhau l: mt nhim v cng vi mt ti nguyn bng mt s phn cng.
Quan trng: Trong ton b chng ny, khi chng ta ni v cc ti nguyn tc l chng
ta ang ni n ti nguyn lm vic ( gm ngi v thit b ) tr khi chng ti ch r l ti
nguyn nguyn vt liu hoc ti nguyn chi ph.
Bn vn c th lm vic ch vi cc nhim v m khng cn phi phn cng cc ti
nguyn ti cc nhim v trong Microsoft Project 2013. Tuy nhin, c mt s l do chnh ng
cho vic phn cng cc ti nguyn trong k hoch ca bn. Khi bn phn cng cc ti nguyn
ti cc nhim v, bn c th tr li nhng cu hi nh:
- Ai nn lm vic trong nhim v no v khi no?
- Bn c s lng cc ti nguyn thc hin phm vi cng vic m d n ca bn yu
cu khng?
- Bn c mong i mt ti nguyn lm vic trong mt nhim v ti mt thi im m ti
nguyn s khng sn sng lm vic ( v d, thi im khi mt ngi no ang trong k
ngh ca h) khng ?
- bao gi bn phn cng mt ti nguyn ti rt nhiu nhim v nn dn n vic vt
qu cng sut lm vic ca ti nguyn ? hay ni cch khc l bao gi bn phn b vt mc
ti nguyn cha?
Trong chng ny, bn phn cng cc ti nguyn lm vic ti cc nhim v, v bn s quyt
nh khi no th s phn cng ti nguyn nn nh hng n thi hn thc hin nhim v v khi
no th khng nn. Sau bn s phn cng mt ti nguyn chi ph v xem n c nh hng g ti
mt nhim v.
5.1. Phn cng cc ti nguyn lm vic ti cc nhim v

Bng cch phn cng mt ti nguyn ti mt nhim v, bn c th theo di tin trnh lm
vic ca ti nguyn trong nhim v. Nu bn nhp vo cc mc lng ca ti nguyn, Project
cng tnh ton cc chi ph ca ti nguyn v chi ph ca nhim v cho bn.
Phn cng cc ti nguyn lm vic ti cc nhim v cho php cng c ln tin ca Project
tnh ton vi c ba bin s ca ci gi l cng thc tin -Scheduling formular: thi gian lm
vic, thi hn thc hin v s phn cng. Trong thc t, khi bn phn cng mt ti nguyn lm
vic ti mt nhim v c gi tr thi hn thc hin ln hn khng, Project s tnh ton gi tr thi
gian lm vic kt qu theo cng thc tin . Cng thc tin s c m t chi tit hn phn
sau ca chng ny.
Bn c th nh li chng 4, rng kh nng lm vic ca mt ti nguyn c o lng
bng n v ( o lng v mc n lc ) v c ghi li trong trng d liu Max.Units. S
phn cng c th mt ti nguyn lm vic ti mt nhim v lin quan n mt gi tr lng phn
cng gi l Units v n thng c th hin l mt t l phn trm. Tr khi bn c ch nh khc,
cn khng Project phn cng 100 phn trm lng phn cng ca ti nguyn ti nhim v. iu
ngha l, Project gi nh rng tt c thi gian lm vic ca ti nguyn c th c phn phi
ht ti nhim v. Nu ti nguyn c t hn 100 phn trm n v ti a, Project s phn cng
lng phn cng l gi tr Max.Units ca ti nguyn .
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn sn sng thc hin cc phn
cng ti nguyn ban u trong k hoch ra mt cun sch mi. Bi v trc bn k khai cc
mc lng ca cc ti nguyn lm vic nn bn cng mun xem cc tnh ton ban u v chi ph
v thi hn thc hin ca k hoch so snh i chiu sau ny.
Chng V
66

Trong v d ny, bn s phn cng cc ti nguyn lm vic ti cc nhim v.
Bn cn cc tp tin Simple Assignments_Start nm trong th mc Practises/Chapter 5 i
km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Simple Assignments_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc c tn
l Simple Assignments.
Trc khi thc hin bt k s phn cng ti nguyn no , bn s kim tra cc gi tr hin
ti ca thi hn thc hin v chi ph ca k hoch so snh i chiu sau ny .
Bc 1: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch vo Project Information, v sau
kch vo nt Stalistics.
Lu thi hn thc hin hin ti l 41 ngy v chi ph bng khng. Sau khi phn cng ti
nguyn lm vic v ti nguyn chi ph, bn s kim tra cc gi tr ny mt ln na.
Bc 2: Nhn Close.
Tip theo, bn s thc hin s phn cng ti nguyn u tiu ca bn.
Bc 3: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Assignments, kch Resources Assign.
Hp thoi Assign Resources xut hin, trong hp thoi ny bn nhn thy tn cc ti nguyn
m bn nhp trong Chng 4 v c b sung thm mt s ti nguyn khc.
Ngoi tr cc ti nguyn c phn cng l lun lun xut hin trn cng ca danh
sch, cc ti nguyn cn li u c sp xp theo th t abc trong hp thoi Assign Resources.
Bc 4: Trong ct Task Name trong khung nhn Gantt Chart, kch chn tn ca nhim v
2, Assign launch team members.
Bc 5: Trong ct Resource Name trong hp thoi Assign Resources, kch chn Carole
Poland v sau bm vo nt Assign.
Chng V
67

Ti nguyn phn cng ti nhim v c
chn c mt du kim (check) bn cnh tn
ca n trong hp thoi Assign Resources
Tn ca ti nguyn c phn cng ti

xut hin bn cnh thanh bar Gantt.
Mt gi tr chi ph v mt du kim xut hin bn cnh tn ca Carole Poland trong hp

thoi Assign Resources, biu th rng bn phn cng c y ti nhim v. Tn ca Carole cng
xut hin bn cnh thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v 2. Bi v Carole c mt mc lng trung
bnh c ghi li nn Project tnh ton chi ph ca s phn cng ny (mc lng trung bnh theo
gi ca Carole nhn vi s gi lm vic c ln tin ca c y trong nhim v ny) v hin
th gi tr l $ 420 trong trng d liu Cost trong hp thoi Assign Resources.
Bc 6: Trong ct Task Name trong khung nhn Gantt Chart, kch chn tn ca nhim v
3, Complete author questionnaire.
Bc 7: Trong ct Resource Name trong hp thoi Assign Resources, kch chn Toni Poe
v sau bm vo nt Assign.
Lu : g b hoc hy s phn cng ca mt ti nguyn khi mt nhim v c chn,

trong hp thoi Assign Resources kch vo tn ti nguyn mun g b v sau bm vo nt
Remove.
Tip theo bn s c mt ci nhn k hn v cc chi tit ca nhim v 3. Bn s s dng mt
khung nhn tin dng gi l Task Form.
Bc 8: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View, tch chn hp kim c nhn Details.
Chng V
68

Project chia tch ca s thnh hai khung nhn. Khung nhn bn trn l Gantt Chart v bn
di l khung nhn Task Form.
Nu bn c xong chng 4, bn c th nhn ra rng khung nhn Task Form cng tng
t nh khung nhn Resource Form nhng hin th cc chi tit khc. Trong ci kiu phn chia
khung nhn dng ny, cc chi tit v mc d liu c chn trong khung nhn pha trn (trong
trng hp ny l mt nhim v) xut hin trong khung nhn bn i. Khung nhn Task Form
hin th mt trong s cc loi chi tit. Tip theo, bn s thay i cc chi tit c hin th.
Bc 9: Kch vo bt c ni u trong khung nhn Task Form v sau trn tab Format,
trong nhm lnh Details kch lnh Work
.
Cc chi tit v Work-Thi gian lm vic xut hin trong khung nhn Task Form.
By gi trong khung nhn Task Form, bn c th thy cc gi tr thit yu v vic ln tin

i vi nhim v ny: Thi hn thc hin 1 tun, gi lm vic l 40 ting v 100 % lng phn
cng. Bi v khung nhn Task Form l mt cch thc tin dng xem thi hn thc hin nhim
v, lng phn cng v thi gian lm vic nn by gi c n hin th nh vy.
Bc 10: S dng hp thoi Assign Resources, phn cng cc ti nguyn sau y ti cc
nhim v. Khi bn thc hin iu , lu ti cc gi tr trong cc ct Duration, Units v Work
trong khung nhn Task Form.
ID
4
5
Chng V
Tn nhim v
Phn phi cho ti nguyn
Schedule author interviews

Design and order marketing material
Jun Cao
Toby Nixon
69

Khi bn hon thnh, mn hnh ca bn cng s trng tng t nh hnh minh ha sau
y:
Lu : Nu bn v tnh phn cng sai ti nguyn, bn c th nhanh chng hon tc bng

cch kch Undo trn thanh cng c Quick Access Toolbar hoc nhn Ctrl+Z.
Tip theo, bn s phn cng hai ti nguyn ti cng mt nhim v.
Bc 11: Trong ct Task Name, kch chn tn ca nhim v 8, Kickoff book launch meeting.
Bc 12: Trong hp thoi Assign Resources, chn tn ca Sharon Salavaria v Toby Nixon,
v sau bm vo nt Assign.
Lu : chn nhiu tn ti nguyn khng nm lin k nhau, chn tn u tin, nhn v
gi phm Ctrl, v sau chn thm cc tn khc. K thut ny cng c dng chn cc nhim
v v cc mc d liu khc trong cc danh sch lit k.
Sharon v Toby c phn cng ti nhim v. Bn cng c th nhn thy tn ca h bn
cnh thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v 8.

Nh li rng trong chng 4, ti nguyn Sharon Salavaria c gi tr Max.Units l 50%
k khai s sn sng lm vic bn thi gian ca c y. Kt qu l Project phn cng lng
phn cng cho c y 50%.
kt thc v d ny , bn s s dng mt phng php phn cng ti nguyn khc.
Bc 14: Nu ct Resource Names ang khng c nhn thy trong khung nhn Gantt
Chart, ko thanh chia ng ( chia khung nhn thnh hai phn) sang bn phi.
Chng V
70

Bc 15: Kch vo trong vo ct Resource Names ca nhim v 9, Plan authors travel
itinerary, v sau kch vo u mi tn xut hin.
Mt danh sch lit k tn cc ti nguyn xut hin.
Bc 16: Trong danh sch lit k tn cc ti nguyn, tch vo hp kim trc tn Jane
Dow v Zac Woodall, v sau bm phm Enter.
Jane Dow v Zac Woodall c phn cng ti nhim v 9.
Bc 17: Kch vo trong ct Resource Names ca nhim v 10, Channel Sales prep, v
sau nhp vo u mi tn xut hin. Trong danh sch lit k tn cc ti nguyn xut hin, chn
Zac Woodall v sau nhn phm Enter.
Zac Woodall c phn cng ti cng vic 10 .
Bc 18: Ko thanh chia ng v st bn cnh bn phi ca ct Finish.
Trong v d ny, bn phn cng cc ti nguyn bng cch s dng hp thoi Assign
Resources v ct Resource Names trong khung nhn Gantt Chart. Ngoi ra, bn cng c th phn
cng cc ti nguyn trong khung nhn Form Task v trong tab Resource thuc hp thoi Task
Inforrmation v mt s ni khc.
* Cng thc tin .
Sau khi bn to ra mt nhim v v trc khi bn phn cng mt ti nguyn ti n, nhim
v c thi hn thc hin nhng khng c thi gian lm vic gn kt vi n. Ti sao li khng
Chng V
71

c thi gian lm vic? Thi gian lm vic ( l gi tr thuc ct Work) i din cho nhng n lc
m mt ti nguyn hoc nhiu ti nguyn s b ra hon thnh mt nhim v. V d, nu bn c
mt ngi lm vic ton thi gian (full time) th s lng thi gian o bng thi gian lm vic
(Work) l tng t nh s lng thi gian o bng thi hn thc hin (Duration) ca nhim v.
Nhn chung, s lng thi gian lm vic s tng xng vi thi hn thc hin ca nhim v, tr
khi bn phn cng nhiu hn mt ti nguyn ti mt nhim v hoc mt ti nguyn m bn phn
cng khng lm vic ton thi gian.
Project tnh ton thi gian lm vic ( hay cn gi l cng) bng cch s dng mt ci g
i khi c gi l cng thc tin :
Thi hn thc hin (Duration) lng phn cng (Units) = Thi gian lm vic.
Hy xem xt mt v d c th v nhn thy nhng gi tr ny trong khung nhn Task Form.
Thi hn thc hin ca nhim v 3 l mt tun hoc l nm ngy lm vic. i vi cc d n ra
mt cun sch mi, nm ngy lm vic tng ng vi 40 gi. Khi bn phn cng Toni Poe ti
nhim v 3, Project p dng 100 phn trm thi gian lm vic ca Toni ti nhim v ny. Cng
thc tin cho nhim v 3 s trng nh th ny :
Thi hn thc hin 40 gi ( tng ng vi mt tun lm vic ) Lng phn cng 100%
= 40 gi lm vic.
Ni cch khc, vi vic Toni c phn cng ti nhim v 3 vi lng phn cng l 100%
th nhim v ny yu cu cn 40 gi lm vic.
Di y l mt v d phc tp hn. Bn phn cng hai ti nguyn l Jane Dow v Zac
Woodall ti nhim v 9, mi ti nguyn c lng phn cng l 100%. Cng thc tin cho nhim
v 9 trng nh th ny :
Thi hn thc hin 24 gi ( tng ng vi ba ngy lm vic ) Lng phn cng 200%
= 48 gi lm vic.
48 gi lm vic l tng thi gian lm vic ca Jane (24 gi) v Zac (24 gi). Ni cch
khc, nh tin d kin hin ti th c hai ti nguyn s phi cng nhau lm vic ton thi gian
trong thi gian ba ngy hon thnh nhim v.
5.2. Kim sot thi gian lm vic khi thm hoc bt cc s phn cng ti
nguyn
Nh bn thy phn trc, bn nh r thi gian lm vic m mt nhim v cn vo
lc ban u bn phn cng mt ti nguyn hoc nhiu ti nguyn ti n. Khi cc nhim v c ch
tin l t ng, Project cung cp cho bn mt tnh nng kim sot cch thc n nn tnh
ton thi gian lm vic trong mt nhim v nh th no khi bn phn cng thm cc ti nguyn
ti nhim v hoc g b cc ti nguyn c phn cng khi nhim v. Tnh nng ny c
gi l s n lc nh hng tin -Effort driven v n hot ng nh th ny: Thi gian lm vic
ca mt nhim v gi nguyn khng i khi bn phn cng thm hoc g b cc ti nguyn khi
n. Khi c thm cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti nhim v th thi hn thc hin nhim v s
gim, nhng tng s thi gian lm vic vn gi nguyn v c phn chia cho cc ti nguyn c
phn cng ti. Bn c th linh hot trong cch thc bn p dng n lc nh hng tin .
Theo mc nh, tnh nng n lc nh hng tin -Effort driven b v hiu ha i vi
tt c cc nhim v m bn to ra trong Project. Bn c th bt tnh nng n lc nh hng tin
cho ton b k hoch hoc ch vi nhng nhim c th. Bn cng c th s dng cc ty chn
trong mt danh sch cc hnh ng kim sot cch thc m Project nn tnh ton li thi gian
lm vic ca mt nhim v ngay lp tc sau khi bn thc hin mt s phn cng ti nguyn. ( Bn
s lm iu ny phn di y). Tnh nng n lc nh hng p dng ch khi bn phn cng
thm cc ti nguyn hoc g b cc ti nguyn ra khi cc nhim v c ch tin t ng.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, mt khong thi gian tri qua k t
khi bn thc hin cc phn cng ban u v ti nguyn trong k hoch ra mt cun sch mi. Bn
Chng V
72

nhn c mt s phn hi t cc ti nguyn c phn cng rng cn c mt s iu chnh
ti cc s phn cng . Khi bn thc hin nhng iu chnh ny, bn s kim sot cch thc m
cc s phn cng c sa i nn nh hng nh th no n cc nhim v.
Trong v d ny, bn thm v g b cc s phn cng ca ti nguyn trong nhim v v
ch cho Project nn iu chnh cc nhim v ny nh th no.
Bc 1: Trong khung nhn Gantt Chart, kch chn tn ca nhim v 5, Design and order
marketing material.
Hin ti, Toby Nixon ang c phn cng ti nhim v ny. Mt s kim tra nhanh bng
cng thc tin nh sau :
Thi hn thc hin l 80 gi ( tng ng 10 ngy hoc hai tun lm vic ) Lng phn
phi ca Toby l 100% = 80 gi lm vic.
Toby cn mt ai tr gip trong nhim v ny, do bn s thm mt ti nguyn.
Bc 2: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Assignments, kch Assign Resource.
Bc3: Trong ct Resource Name trong hp thoi Assign Resources, kch chn Zac
Woodall v sau bm vo nt Assign.
Zac c thm vo nhim v ny v Project cp nht cc gi tr ca cng thc tin :

Thi hn thc hin l 80 gi ( tng ng 10 ngy hoc hai tun lm vic ) Lng phn
phi l 200% (l tng cng lng phn phi ca Toby v Zac) = 160 gi lm vic.
Tip theo, bn s s dng mt tnh nng gi l danh sch cc hot ng (Action) kim
sot cch thc m Project ln tin thi gian lm vic trong nhim v khi thm hoc bt cc ti
nguyn. Lu ti biu tng tam gic nh mu xanh l cy nm gc phi pha trn cng ca
trng d liu c cha tn ca nhim v 5. y l mt ch th bng hnh nh rng mt la chn
hin ang c sn. Trc khi bn thc hin cc hot ng khc, bn c th s dng danh sch cc
hnh ng chn cch thc m bn mun Project x l s phn cng thm ti nguyn.
Bc 5: Kch chn tn ca nhim v 5, v sau kch vo biu tng
tri tn ca nhim v.
xut hin bn
Nhn qua cc ty chn trn danh sch lit k hin ra.
Chng V
73

Bn c th s dng cc ty chn ny la chn kt qu ln tin m bn mun. Bn c
th iu chnh thi hn thc hin ca nhim v, thi gian lm vic ca cc ti nguyn hoc lng
phn cng.
Lu : Bn s thy cc ch th hot ng (Action) khc trong qu trnh s dng Project.
Chng thng xut hin khi bn c th ang t hi bn thn mnh Ti sao Project ch lm nh
th ( Chng hn nh khi thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v thay i sau khi bn phn cng
thm mt ti nguyn). Danh sch cc hnh ng a cho bn c hi thay i cch thc m
Project phn ng li cc hnh ng ca bn.
i vi nhim v ny, bn ch mun thm s phn cng, ngha l thm thi gian lm vic
trong thi hn thc hin ban u. y l thit lp mc nh nn bn s ng danh sch lit k cc
hnh ng m khng thc hin bt k thay i no.
Bc 5: Kch vo biu tng
mt ln na ng danh sch lit k.
Tip theo, bn s g b mt ti nguyn ra khi mt nhim v v sau hng dn Project

cch thc ln tin i vi cc s phn cng ti nguyn gi li trong nhim v.
Bc 6: Kch vo tn ca nhim v 9, Plan authors travel itinerary.
Hin nay, c Jane v Zac u ang c phn cng ti nhim v ny. Jane ni vi bn
rng c y cn hon thnh cng vic ny mt mnh, nhng vi mt thi gian lm vic di hn.
iu ny l chp nhn c vi bn, v vy bn s g b s phn cng ca Zac.
Bc 7: Trong ct Resource Name trong hp thoi Assign Resources, kch chn Zac
Woodall v sau bm nt Remove.
Project g b s phn cng Zac ra khi nhim v.
Tip theo, bn s iu chnh cch thc m Project nn gii quyt s thay i ny trong cc
s phn cng.
Bc 8: Kch vo biu tng
xut hin bn tri tn ca nhim v.
Bc 9: Kch chn Increase duration, but keep the same amount of work.
Project tng thi hn thc hin ca nhim v t ba ln su ngy, v n cng tng thi gian
lm vic ca Jane t 24 ln 48 gi. 48 gi ny bng tng thi gian lm vic trong nhim v khi c
Jane v Zac cng c phn cng, nhng by gi tt c thi gian lm vic ny u thuc v Jane.
Cho n gi, bn iu chnh c gi tr thi hn thc hin v thi gian lm vic khi
bn thm vo hoc g b cc ti nguyn trong cc nhim v. Bn cng c th thay i thit lp
Chng V
74

mc nh cho mt nhim v nh trn khi bn thm cc ti nguyn ti nhim v nhng thi hn
thc hin ca n s gim. Bn s lm nh vy bc tip theo.
Bc 10: Trong khung nhn Gantt Chart, kch vo tn ca nhim v 10, Channel Sales
prep.
Hin ti, ch c Zac c phn cng ti nhim v ny, v n c thi hn thc hin l hai
tun.
Bc 11: Trong khung nhn Task Form kch chn vo hp kim c nhn Effort driven v
sau nhp vo nt OK gc trn bn phi ca khung nhn Task Form.
Khng c s thay i no i ti gi tr ca thi hn thc hin, lng phn cng hoc thi
gian lm vic ca nhim v ny, nhng hy xem iu g s xy ra khi bn phn cng thm mt ti
nguyn.
Bc 12: Trong khung nhn Gantt Chart, kch chn tn ca nhim v 10, v sau , trong
hp thoi Assign Resource kch chn Hany Morcos, v sau nhn nt Assign.
Thi hn thc hin ca nhim v 10 gim t hai tun xung cn mt tun. Tng thi
gian lm vic trong nhim v vn gi nguyn 80 gi, nhng by gi th n c chia u cho Zac
v Hany. y l kt qu ln tin m bn mun. Nu khng mun nh vy, bn c th s dng
danh sch cc hnh ng thay i cch thc m Project phn ng li s phn cng thm ti
nguyn.
Nh li rng tnh nng n lc nh hng tin c mc nh l b v hiu ha. thay
i thit lp mc nh ny cho tt c cc nhim v mi trong mt k hoch th lm nh sau: Trn
tab File, chn Options. Trong hp thoi Options, kch tab Schedule v sau bn di khu vc
c nhn l Scheduling options for this project, tch chn va hp kim c nhn New tasks are
effort. kim sot tnh nng n lc nh hng tin cho mt nhim v hoc hoc nhiu nhim
v c th, u tin chn nhng nhim v , sau , trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Properties,
kch Information, v trn tab Advanced ca hp thoi Task Information tch chn hoc b tch
chn khi hp kim Effort Driven.
Chng V
75

Th t ca cc hnh ng ca bn rt quan trng khi tnh nng n lc nh hng tin
Effort Driven c kch hot. Nu ban u bn phn cng hai ti nguyn ti mt nhim v c thi
hn thc hin l ba ngy ( tng ng vi 24 gi ), Project ln tin mi ti nguyn lm vic
24 gi v tng thi gian lm vic trong nhim v s l 48 gi. Tuy nhin, lc u bn cng c th
phn cng mt ti nguyn cho mt nhim v c thi hn thc hin l 24 gi v sau thm ti
nguyn th hai. Trong trng hp th hai th khi tnh nng Effort Driven c kch hot, tnh
nng ny s buc Project ln tin cho mi ti nguyn l u lm vic 12 gi, v gi nguyn
tng s thi gian lm vic ca nhim v l 24 gi. Hy nh rng khi n c kch hot, tnh nng
n lc nh hng tin iu chnh thi hn thc hin nhim v ch khi bn thm vo hoc g
b cc ti nguyn ra khi nhim v.
* Nghip v qun l d n: Khi no th tnh nng nh hng tin nn p dng.
Bn nn xem xt mc m n lc nh hng tin nn p dng cho cc nhim v
trong cc d n ca bn. V d, nu mt ti nguyn cn mt 10 gi hon thnh mt nhim v,
vy th 10 ti nguyn c th hon thnh nhim v trong 1 gi? Hoc 20 ti nguyn hon thnh
trong 30 pht? C l l khng, cc ti nguyn c kh nng bit khi no th cn thm v yu cu s
phi hp thm hon thnh nhim v. Nu nhim v rt phc tp, n c th yu cu thi gian
tng ln ng k trc khi mt ti nguyn c th ng gp y s lm vic. Nng sut tng th
thm ch c th gim nu bn phn cng thm cc ti nguyn ti nhim v.
Khng c quy tc duy nht hin hu no v vic khi no th bn nn p dng n lc nh
hng tin v khi bn khng nn. L mt ngi qun l ca d n, bn nn phn tch bn cht
ca cng vic cn thit i vi tng nhim v trong d n ca bn v s dng s phn on tt
nht ca bn.
5.3. Phn cng ti nguyn chi ph ti cc nhim v

Hy nh li t Chng 4 rng cc ti nguyn chi ph c s dng i din cho mt chi
ph ti chnh lin quan n mt nhim v trong mt d n. Cc ti nguyn chi ph khng gnh chu
lng phn cng, v th chng khng lm vic v khng c nh hng ti vic ln tin ca
nhim v. Cc ti nguyn chi ph c th bao gm cc khon chi ph bn mun d tho ngn sch
v theo di cho mc ch k ton hoc bo co ti chnh.
Ni chung, cc chi ph m cc nhim v c th phi gnh chu c th bao gm:
- Cc chi ph ca ti nguyn lm vic, chng hn nh mc lng trung bnh ca mt ngi
nhn vi s lng thi gian lm vic m ngi thc hin trong nhim v ny.
- Cc chi ph ca ti nguyn chi ph, l mt s tin nht nh m bn nhp khi phn cng
ti nguyn chi ph ti mt nhim v. S tin ny khng b nh hng bi cc thay i trong thi
hn thc hin hoc bt k s thay i v vic ln tin no khc ti nhim v, mc d l bn c
th chnh sa s tin ny bt c lc no. Bn cng c th thy cc chi ph tch ly l kt qu ca
vic phn cng mt ti nguyn chi ph ti nhiu nhim v.
Cc chi ph c ngun gc t s phn cng ti nguyn chi ph c coi l cc chi ph d
kin. (Tht vy, bn nn coi nh tt c cc chi ph m Project tnh ton n thi im ny l
chi ph d kin, chng hn nh nhng chi ph l kt qu ca cc s phn cng ti nguyn lm vic
ti cc nhim v). Sau ny th bn c th nhp cc chi ph thc t nu bn mun so snh chng vi
ngn sch.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn mun nhp cc chi ph i li d kin
cho cc nhim v chc chn xy ra vic trong k hoch ra mt cun sch mi.
Trong v d ny, bn phn cng mt ti nguyn lm vic v mt ti nguyn chi ph ti mt
nhim v.
Bc 1: Kch chn tn ca nhim v 17, Author reading and signing at book fair.
Nhim v ny yu cu s i li bng ng hng khng dnh cho tc gi cun sch, v bn
phn b 800 $ trong d ton ca chi ph ny.
Chng V
76

Hin nay, nhim v 17 khng c ti nguyn no c phn cng ti v n cng khng c
chi ph. u tin, bn s phn cng tc gi ti vi nhim v ny.
Bc 2: Trong trng d liu thuc ct c nhn Resource Name thuc hp thoi Assign
Resource, kch Toni Poe v sau bm vo nt Assign.
Project phn cng Toni Poe, mt ti nguyn lm vic, ti nhim v ny. Nh bn c th

thy trong trng d liu Cost trong hp thoi Assign Resources, s phn cng ny khng c chi
ph. l b do ti nguyn lm vic ny, Toni Poe, khng c mc lng trung bnh hoc chi ph
cho mi ln s dng. V th, mc d s phn cng ny c to ra thi gian lm vic nhng li khng
c cc chi ph lin quan n n. Tip theo bn s phn cng ti nguyn chi ph.
Bc 3: Trong hp thoi Assign Resources, chn trng d liu Cost ca ti nguyn chi
ph Travel, g 800 v sau nhn vo nt Assign.
Project phn cng ti nguyn chi ph ny ti nhim v.
Bc 4: nhn thy c hai ti nguyn c phn cng ny, di chuyn thanh cun ln trn
cng danh sch cc ti nguyn trong hp thoi Assign Resource.
Bn c th thy cc chi ph phi gnh chu bi s phn cng ny trong ct Cost trong hp
thoi Assign Resource. Gi tr ca chi ph i li ny s vn gi nguyn nh c m khng quan
tm ti bt k s thay i no c thc hin ti vic ln tin ca nhim v, chng hn nh cc
ti nguyn lm vic c th c phn cng thm hoc b g b hoc s thay i thi hn thc hin
ca nhim v.
Lu l nhim v ny vn c thi hn thc hin y nh c l 1 ngy v Toni Poe vn c
cc gi tr lng phn cng (units) v thi gian lm vic (work) y nh trc . S phn cng ti
nguyn chi ph ch nh hng n chi ph phi gnh chu ca nhim v ny.
5.4. Kim tra thi hn thc hin, chi ph v thi gian lm vic ca k hoch
Sau khi bn to ra mt danh sch cc nhim v v phn cng cc ti nguyn ti cc nhim
v, k hoch ca bn cha ng mt lng ln cc chi tit. Mt s trong cc chi tit ny s rt
quan trng i vi s thnh cng ca k hoch ca bn, nhng chng c th khng c hin th
Chng V
77

trong khung nhn m bn ang theo di. Phn ny minh ha mt vi cch thc xem cc ch s quan
trng ca k hoch.
C rt nhiu cch bn c th thy cc ch s quan trng ca mt k hoch trong Project,
bn s khm ph cc ch s phn tip theo. Cc ch s ny c th gip bn tr li cc cu hi
nh:
- Ai c phn cng lm cng vic g trong k hoch ?
- S mt bao nhiu lu hon thnh d n?
- D n s c chi ph l bao nhiu ?
i vi nhiu d n, cc cu tr li cho nhng cu hi ny c kh nng s thay i theo
thi gian. V l do ny m vic nhanh chng c th hin th tnh trng hin ti ca d n l mt
thi quen tt. Vic ny c th cho bn, l ngi qun l ca d n, v cng nh cc nh ti tr ca
d n v cc bn lin quan khc, bit v cc ti nguyn ang thc hin cc cng vic.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn lp mt bo co thc trng hng
tun v nhng ngi trc tip lm vic trong d n ra mt cun sch mi. Ngoi ra, bn cn c
yu cu cc cp nht hng thng v mt vi ch s quan trng v tnh trng ca ton b d n ti
ban gim c. Bn sn sng khm ph mt s tnh nng bo co v tnh trng ca d n trong
Project v nh gi chng trong bo co tnh trng hng ngy ca bn.
Trong v d ny, bn khm ph cc tnh nng bo co khc nhau v thc trng ca d n,
bao gm cc khung nhn v cc bn bo co.
Bc 1: bt u, bn s hin th khung nhn Timeline. Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh
Split View, kch chn hp kim Timeline.
Nu nh bn c th nh li t chng 3 rng bn c th nhn thy ngy bt u v kt thc

ca k hoch ti hai u ca thi gian biu-Timeline. Ch ti ngy kt thc hin nay l 24/2/15.
Khung nhn Timeline khng cho bn bit thi hn thc hin c th ca k hoch, tuy nhin
n li c nhn thy c trong nhim v tng qut ca d n trong khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Hy nh li chng 3 rng nhim v tng qut ca d n b n theo mc nh, nhng do trc
bn hin th n. N c ch nh l nhim v c ID l 0 v nm trn cng ca bng Entry
trong khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Bc 2: Nu cn thit, hy di chuyn thanh cun ng ca khung nhn Gantt Chart ln pha
trn cho n khi nhim v 0- Simple Plan c nhn thy.
Ch ti gi tr ca thi hn thc hin ca nhim tng qut ca d n l 36 ngy. Bn
cng c th xem ngy bt u v kt thc ca k hoch y.
Chng V
78

Ti thi im bt u ca chng ny, thi hn thc hin ca k hoch ny l 41 ngy.
Thi hn thc hin ngn hn m by gi bn nhn thy l kt qu ca cc thay i v s phn cng
m bn lm trc .
C khung nhn Timeline v ln nhim v tng qut ca d n trong khung nhn Gantt
Chart l nhng la chn tt i vi vic nhanh chng nhn thy thi hn thc hin ca ton b d
n v ngy kt thc; bn c th kt hp nhng khung nhn ny trong cc yu cu bo co v tnh
trng d n ca bn. Tip theo, bn s xem xt cc chi ph ca d n.
Bc 3: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables v sau kch vo Cost.
Bng chi ph ( Cost) xut hin, thay th cc bng nhp d liu u vo (Entry).
Bng Cost bao gm cc gi tr chi ph khc nhau ca tng nhim v con. Nhng gi tr v
chi ph ca nhim v con ny c cun ln cc nhim v khi qut ca n, v cui cng th tt
c cc gi tr chi ph c cun ln nhim v tng qut ca d n .
Ch ti tng gi tr chi ph ca nhim v tng qut ca d n l: $ 19,740. Gi tr chi ph
ny l tng cng ca cc s phn cng ti nguyn lm vic cng vi mt s phn cng ti nguyn
chi ph m bn lm trc .
Tip theo, bn s xem xt mt s cc gi tr v vic phn cng thng qua mt bn bo co.
Bc 4: Trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, kch Resources v sau kch
vo Resource Overview.
Bo co Resource Overview xut hin.
Chng V
79

Trong bo co ny, bn c th thy hai biu v mt bng biu cha ng cc chi tit v
s phn cng ti nguyn. Bn c th cn phi ko thanh cun ng nm bn phi khung nhn
xung di xem tt c cc ni dung ca bo co.
Trong biu Resource Starts nm pha trn bn tri, ch ti cc gi tr v thi gian
lm vic c phn cng cho mi ti nguyn. Hin ti, biu ny ch cha ng mi gi tr v
thi gian lm vic cn li theo k hoch ( Remaining Work) bi v bn cha lu mt ng c s
v thi gian lm vic so snh ( Baseline Work) hoc cha ghi li bt k thi gian lm vic thc
t no (Actual Work). Bn s lm nhng iu trong chng 7.
Bng Resource Status nm di cng ca bn bo co ny l mt bn tm tt tuyt vi
ca ngy bt u sm nht v ngy kt thc mun nht trong cc s phn cng ca tng ti nguyn,
cng nh thi gian lm vic cn li theo k hoch.
Sau ny khi bn bt u theo di s tin trin trong k hoch, bo co ny s l mt phng

tin tuyt vi cho vic chia s ti nguyn v tnh trng lm vic.
kt thc v d ny, bn s xem xt li ton b thi hn thc hin v cc gi tr ch ph
ca d n trong thoi Project Statistics.
Bc 5: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch vo Project Information, v
sau kch vo nt Statistics.
y, mt ln na th bn li nhn thy thi hn thc hin ngn hn v cc gi tr ca thi

gian lm vic ( Work) v chi ph (Cost) thay i so vi u chng.
Bc 6: Kch Close.
Chng V
80
nh dng v chia s k hoch
Chng VI
81

D n cung cp mt s cch thay i cch thc m d liu ca bn xut hin khi bn cn
sao chp hoc in mt k hoch.
Trong mt s kha cnh, mt d n to bi Microsoft Project 2013 thc s l mt c s d
liu v thng tin, khng ging nh mt tp tin c s d liu ca Microsoft Access. Bn thng
khng th nhn thy tt c cc d liu trong mt k hoch vo cng mt lc. Thay vo , bn tp
trung vo kha cnh ca k hoch m bn hin ang quan tm trong khung nhn. Cc khung nhn
v cc bn bo co l nhng cch thc ph bin nht quan st hoc in d liu ca mt k hoch.
Trong c hai trng hp, v cn bn th bn c th nh dng d liu p ng cc yu cu ca
bn.
Trong cc chng trc, bn s dng cc khung nhn nm bt v hnh dung cc chi
tit v vic ln tin . Mt phng tin khc ca s hnh dung v vic ln tin l tnh nng
bo co -Report. Project 2013 tng cng rt nhiu bo co. Bn c th to ra cc bo co
ha trong Project hn v phi xut cc d liu ca Project sang chng trnh khc. Bn c th c
cc biu y mu sc v cc hnh nh cng nh cc bng biu trong cc bn bo co ca bn.
Project bao gm rt nhiu bo co m bn c th s dng hoc ty chnh chng, hoc bn c th
to ra cc bo co c o ca ring bn. Bn c th in cc bo co hoc sao chp chng ti cc
ng dng khc.
Lu : Chng ny gii thiu n bn mt s khung nhn n gin v cc tnh nng nh
dng bo co trong Project. Bn s tm thy nhiu t liu hn v nh dng, in n v chia s k
hoch ca bn trong Chng 12, Chng 16, Chng 17 v Ph lc C.
6.1. Ty bin mt khung nhn biu Gantt

Biu Gantt tr thnh mt cch thc tiu chun ca vic hnh dung ha khi lp tin ,
trong nhng nm u th k 20, k s ngi M Henry Gantt pht trin mt biu dng thanh
(bar) hin th vic s dng cc ti nguyn theo thi gian. i vi nhiu ngi, mt biu Gantt
l ng ngha vi mt tin ca d n hoc mt k hoch v n l mt s trnh by ph bin v
d hiu ca thng tin v tin trong khp gii qun l d n. Trong Project, khung nhn mc
nh c chi phi bi mt biu Gantt. Bn c kh nng s s dng phn ln thi gian ca bn
trong khung nhn ny khi lm vic trong Project.
Lu : Theo mc nh, khi bn to ra mt k hoch mi Project hin th mt khung nhn
phn chia l khung nhn Gantt Chart v Timeline. Tuy nhin, bn c th thay i thit lp ny
hin th bt k khung nhn no m bn mun l khung nhn mc nh cho mt k hoch mi c
to ra. Trn tab File, chn Options. Trong hp thoi Project Options, kch vo tab General. Trong
khu vc di nhn Project view, bm vo hp chn c nhn Default view v chn khung nhn bn
mun. Nhng ln tip theo khi bn to ra mt k hoch mi, khung nhn m bn chn s xut
hin.
Mt khung nhn biu Gantt bao gm hai phn: mt bng biu nm bn tri v mt biu
cc thanh bar bn phi. Biu cc thanh bar bao gm mt di thi gian biu-Timescale
trn u dng biu th thi gian. Cc thanh bar trong biu i din cc nhim v trong phn
bng biu ( bn tri) theo ngy bt u v ngy kt thc, thi hn thc hin v trng thi ( v d,
s lm vic trong nhim v bt u hoc cha). Trong biu Gantt, cc nhim v, cc nhim
v khi qut v cc nhim v ct mc u xut hin l nhng thanh bar Gantt hoc cc biu tng,
v mi loi ca thanh bar u c nh dng ring ca chng. Bt c khi no bn lm vic vi cc
thanh bar Gantt th hy lun nh trong u rng chng i din cho cc nhim v trong mt k
hoch. Cc yu t khc trong biu , chng hn nh cc ng lin kt, i din cho cc mi
quan h gia cc nhim v. Bn c th thay i nh dng ca hu ht cc yu t c trong mt
biu Gantt.
Cc nh dng mc nh ang c p dng cho mt khung nhn biu Gantt rt thch hp
cho vic quan st trn mn hnh, chia s vi cc chng trnh khc v in n. Tuy nhin, bn c th
thay i nh dng ca hu ht cc yu t c trong mt biu Gantt. C ba cch khc nhau
nh dng cc thanh bar Gantt.
Chng VI
82

- Nhanh chng p dng cc t hp mu sc c xc nh trc trong nhm lnh Gantt
Chart Style m bn c th nhn thy trn tab Format khi mt biu Gantt c hin th.
- p dng nh dng c ty bin cp cao ti cc thanh bar Gantt trong hp thoi Bar
Styles, bn c th m hp hoi ny bng cch nhn vo tab Format khi mt biu Gantt c
hin th, v sau trong nhm lnh Bar Styles, kch Format ri chn Bar Styles. Trong trng
hp ny, cc thay i v nh dng m bn thc hin ti mt loi c th ca thanh bar Gantt ( v
d, thanh bar ca nhim v khi qut) s p dng cho tt c cc thanh bar Gantt thuc loi trong
biu Gantt.
- nh dng trc tip mt thanh bar Gantt no . Nhng thay i trc tip v nh dng m
bn thc hin s khng gy nh hng n cc thanh bar khc cng kiu loi trong biu
Gantt. Bn c th nhp p vo mt thanh Gantt xem cc ty chn v nh dng ca n, hoc
kch chn n v trn tab Format trong nhm lnh Styles Bar, kch Format v chn Bar. bit
thm thng tin, xem trong chng 16.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn hon thnh hu ht vic ln k
hoch d n ra mt cun sch mi v cc nhm thc hin d n gn nh bt u trin khai cng
vic. K hoch m bn pht trin s c ph bin rng ri bn trong nh xut bn, v bn
mun nh dng k hoch ny lm ni bt mt nhim v ct mc quan trng. Bn cng mun
lm ni bt mt vi chi tit khc trong k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn thay i nh dng ca cc yu t khc nhau trong mt khung nhn
biu Gantt.
Bn cn n tp tin Simple Formatting_Start nm trong th mc tp tin Practises/Chapter
6 i km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Simple Formatting_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc c
tn l Simple Formatting.
bt u, bn s quan st thanh bar Gantt ca mt nhim v c ch tin th cng.
Sau , bn s iu chnh mu sc ca cc thanh bar Gantt v cc nhim v ct mc trong phn
biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart, v xem thanh bar Gantt ca mt nhim v c ch tin
th cng c nh dng nh th no.
Bc 1: Trong ct Task Name, kch vo tn ca nhim v 9, Prepare book P&L statement.
Bc 2: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Editing, kch Scroll to task.
Lu : Bn cng c th thc hin iu tng t bng cch kch chut phi vo tn nhim v
v, trong Shortcut menu xut hin, chn Scroll to task.
Project s cun phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart hin th thanh bar Gantt ca
mt nhim v c ch tin th cng m trc c thm ti k hoch ra mt cun sch
(do chng ti thm vo). Nh bn c th thy, thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v c ch tin th
cng ny trng khng ging nh cc thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim v c ch tin t ng.
Hy mt ti thanh bar Gantt ny khi bn p dng mt phong cch th hin biu Gantt
khc cho k hoch.
Bc 3: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Gantt Chart Style, kch vo nt More hin
th cc phong cch mu sc c sn cho biu Gantt.
Chng VI
83
Nt More
Cc phong cch mu sc th hin biu Gantt c chia thnh hai nhm:

- Scheduling Styles c s phn bit gia cc nhim v c ch tin th cng v t
ng.
- Presentation Styles khng phn bit.
Bc 4: Trong khu vc di nhn Presentation Styles, kch vo biu tng c mu da cam.
Project p dng phong cch th hin ny ti cc thanh bar Gantt trong k hoch.
Thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v 9, nhim v c ch tin l th cng, nhn b ngoi

khng cn khc bit vi cc thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim v c ch tin t ng.
p dng mt phong cch thuc nhm Presentation Styles ti khung nhn Gantt Chart l
mt la chn bn c th s dng khi bn khng mun phn bit gia cc nhim v c ch tin
l th cng v t ng. V d nh khi a biu Gantt cho cc i tng m bn khng mun
th hin s khc bit ny xem.
Cc bc tip theo trong v d ny l nh dng li tn ca mt nhim v n c v b
ngoi ni bt.
Bc 5: Trong ct Task Name, kch chut phi vo tn ca nhim v 6, Planning Complete!.
y l mt nhim v ct mc quan trng m t s kt thc ca giai on u tin ca vic
ra mt cun sch mi ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing. Bn mun lm ni bt tn ca nhim
v ny.
Chng VI
84
Ngoi ci shortcut menu thng thng ra, ch ti thanh cng c Mini Toolbar.
Bc 6: Trn thanh cng c Mini Toolbar, kch vo biu tng u mi tn nh nm bn
cnh nt Background Color, v bn di khu vc c nhn Standard Colors trong bng mu xut
hin th kch vo mu vng-Yellow.
Lu : Bn cng c th kch vo kch vo Background Color trn tab Task, v trong nhm
lnh Font.
Nt Background color
Nt Italic
Project p dng mu nn l mu vng cho d liu c cha tn ca nhim v ny.

Bc 7: Trn thanh cng c Mini Toolbar, kch nt Italic.
By gi th tn ca nhim v ct mc rt ni bt .
Chng VI
85

Lu : Bn c th nhanh chng g b tt c cc s nh dng v vn bn m c p
dng ti mt gi tr trong mt d liu. Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Editing, nhn vo nt
Clear ( trng ging nh hnh mt cc ty ) v sau chn Clear Formatting.
Bn cng c th nh dng biu tng i din cho nhim v ct mc trong phn biu .
Bn s lm iu ny bc tip theo.
Bc 8: Vi tn ca nhim v 6 vn ang c chn, trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh
Styles Bar, kch Format v sau chn Bar.
Bc 9: Trong tab Bar Shape ca hp thoi Format Bar, kch vo hp chn c nhn l
Shape thuc khu vc c nhn Start.
Project s hin th cc biu tng m bn c th s dng l mt im bt u ca thanh bar
Gantt hoc l biu tng i din ca nhim v ct mc nh trong trng hp ny.
Bc 10: Nhp vo biu tng hnh ngi sao, v sau nhn OK.
Project s dng biu tng hnh ngi sao l biu tng i din cho nhim v ct mc ny.
Lu : Trong v d ny, bn s dng lnh Bar nh dng cho mt thanh bar Gantt duy
nht trong khung nhn Gantt Chart. Bn cng c th ty chnh ton b cc nhm thanh bar Gantt,
chng hn nh ty chnh cho tt c cc thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim v ct mc, thng qua lnh
Styles Bar. bit thm thng tin, xem trong chng 16.
Nh bn c th thy, Project s t ng v 2 ng nm ngang trong phn biu ca
khung nhn Gantt Chart cho nhim v ang c chn. Nhng ng nm ngang ny gip bn
theo di mt cch trc quan tn ca nhim v v cc thng tin khc nm pha bn tri ca khung
nhn ca thanh bar Gantt hoc biu tng nm bn phi khung nhn v ngc li. kt thc v
d ny, bn s thm cc ng li ngang cho tt c cc nhim v trong khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Chng VI
86

Bc 11: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Format, kch vo Gridlines v sau chn
Gridlines.
Hp thoi Gridlines xut hin.
Bc 12: Trong hp thoi Gridlines, chn mc Gantt Rows trong hp chn c nhn Line to
change, v trong hp chn c nhn Type thuc khu vc c nhn Normal chn ng nt t ( l
la chn th ba t trn xung) v sau nhn nt OK.
Project v cc ng t nt t nm ngang trong phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt
Chart.
Vi nhng ng nt t ny c hin th, hai ng thng nt lin nm ngang m Project

v cho nhim v ang c chn vn c nhn thy r rng.
* V trong mt biu Gantt.
Project bao gm mt cng c v-Drawing bn c th v trc tip cc i tng ln phn
biu ca mt khung nhn biu Gantt. V d, nu bn mun ch thch mt s kin c bit
hoc gi ra mt mc c th bng ha, bn c th v trc tip cc i tng chng hn nh hp
nhp vn bn, hnh mi tn v cc th khc ln trn mt biu Gantt.
Bn cng c th lin kt mt i tng c v ra ti u ny hoc u kia ca mt thanh

bar Gantt hoc ti mt ngy c th trong thi gian biu-Timescale. Di y l cc cch thc lin
kt m bn c th chn khi cn:
- Lin kt cc i tng ti mt thanh bar Gantt khi i tng c ch nh r ti nhim
v m thanh bar Gantt i din. i tng s di chuyn theo thanh bar Gantt khi nhim v ln
li tin .
- Lin kt cc i tng ti mt ngy c th khi thng tin m i tng cp n l ngy
chnh xc. i tng s gi nguyn v tr tng i ca n i vi thi gian biu m khng quan
tm phn no ca thi gian biu ang c hin th.
Nu bn mun v trn biu Gantt, hy lm theo hng dn sau: Trn tab Format, trong
nhm lnh Drawings, kch vo Drawing. La chn hnh dng v m bn mun v, v sau v
n ln bt c ni no m bn thch trong phn biu ca khung nhn biu Gantt.
thit lp kiu lin kt m bn mun p dng cho i tng c v ra, lm nh sau:
Chn i tng, sau trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Drawings, kch Drawing ri chn
Chng VI
87

Properties. Hoc kch chut phi ln i tng ri chn Properties. Trong hp thoi Format
drawing, kch vo tab Size & Position, v sau chn kiu lin kt m bn mun.
6.2. Ty bin mt khung nhn Timeline

Khung nhn Timeline l thch hp nht hin th cc nhim v quan trng trong k hoch
ca bn trong mt nh dng n gin v nh gn. Khung nhn ny cn c bit ph hp cho vic
truyn t mt cch nhanh chng cc tm tt s lc ca k hoch. Khung nhn Timeline l mt
cch thc tin dng chia s thng tin v d n.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn bit c t kinh nghim qu kh
rng mt s bn lin quan ca d n ra mt cun sch mi s nhn thy khung nhn biu Gantt
ca bn c thm c nhiu chi tit hn na khng. gip cc bn lin quan nh vy thy c
cc chi tit quan trng m bn mun truyn t, bn quyt nh xy dng mt khung nhn Timeline.
phn sau trong chng ny, bn s sao chp khung nhn Timeline ny ti cc ng dng khc
nh l mt hnh nh nhanh ca mt ci nhn thong qua v d n.
Trong v d ny, bn a cc nhim v c th ti mt khung nhn Timeline v iu chnh
mt s chi tit v vic hin th.
Bc 1: Kch vo bt c ni no trong khung nhn Timeline.
Project di chuyn s tp trung ti khung nhn Timeline v hin th nhn ng cnh Timeline
Tools bn trn tab ng cnh Format.
Bc 2: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Insert, kch vo Existing Tasks.
Hp thoi Add Task To Timeline xut hin .
Hp thoi ny cha ng mt cu trc dng cng ca cc nhim v khi qut v nhim
v con trong k hoch.
Bc 3: Kch chn vo hp kim trc cc nhim v sau y:
- Planning Phase
- Planning complete!
- Internal Launch Phase
- Public Launch Phase
- Author travel and appearances.
Nhng nhim v ny l cc nhim v khi qut v mt nhim v ct mc m bn s thm

ti khung nhn Timeline.
Bc 4: Nhn OK.
Chng VI
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Project thm cc nhim v khi qut v nhim v ct mc chn ti khung nhn Timeline.
Nu cn thit, iu chnh thanh ngang phn chia gia khung nhn Timeline v Gantt Chart bn
c th xem ht nhng th c trong khung nhn Timeline.
Tip theo bn s iu chnh nh dng ca nhim v khi qut Author travel and
appearances trong khung nhn Timeline.
Bc 5: Trong khung nhn Timeline, kch vo thanh bar ca nhim v tm tt Author travel
and appearances.
Ch mt phn tn ca nhim v khi qut ny c nhn thy. Di chuyn con tr chut ln
thanh bar ca nhim v ny v Project s hin th mt ScreenTip th hin tn y ca nhim
v v cc chi tit khc.
Bc 6: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Current Selection, kch vo Display as Callout.
Project s hin th nhim v khi qut ny nh mt ch thch, i vi nhim v ny n c
mt li ch l lm cho ton b tn ca nhim v c nhn thy.
Tip theo bn s thm nhim v ct mc nm v tr cui cng trong danh sch cc nhim
v ti khung nhn Timeline, nhng bn s s dng mt k thut khc.
Bc 7: Trong ct Name Task trong khung nhn Gantt Chart, kch vo tn ca nhim v 24,
Launch complete!.
Bc 8: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Add to Timeline.
Lu : Bn cng c th kch chut phi vo tn ca nhim v v chn Add To Timeline trong
Shortcut Menu xut hin.
Project thm nhim v ct mc ny ti khung nhn Timeline.
Chng VI
89
Nh bn c th nhn thy trong khung nhn Timeline, Project hin th cc nhim v ct mc

nh cc ch thch-Callout v s dng cc biu tng c hnh dng kim cng nh l l mt quy
c v hnh nh cho cc nhim v ct mc.
* Pan v zoom khung nhn Gantt Chart t khung nhn Timeline

Bn c ch ti hai ng thng ng v mt ng ngang nt dy mu xanh l trong
khung nhn Timeline khng? y chnh l iu khin Pan v Zoom, bn c th s dng chng
cun phn biu ca khung nhn khung nhn Gantt Chart sang tri hoc sang phi hoc thay i
di thi gian biu-Timescale ca n.
Thanh trn cng di chuyn (Pan) phn biu sang tri hoc phi
Kch v ko thay i Timescale
Kch v ko thay i Timescale
iu khin pan v zoom xut hin trong khung nhn Timeline khi tm nhn m bn ang
nhn thy trong phn biu ca khung nhn, khng th hin c ht ton b thi hn thc hin
ca k hoch.
cun mt phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart sang tri hoc sang phi, kch ri
gi phm chut ln trn thanh ngang trn cng (thanh c mu xanh l cy m) ca iu khin pan
v zoom, v sau di chuyn con tr chut sang tri hoc sang phi. y l mt cch hu ch
hin th mt phm vi cc ngy c th trong phn biu .
thay i thi gian biu-Timescale trong phn biu Gantt, di chuyn chut n ng
thng ng bn tri hoc bn phi ca iu khin pan v zoom, v sau kch chut ri ko sang
tri hoc phi. Khi bn lm nh vy, Project s iu chnh thi gian biu trong phn biu ca
khung nhn Gantt Chart khong thi gian nm gia hai ng thng ng trong khung nhn
Timeline cng s c nhn thy trong phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart.
6.3. Ty bin cc bo co
Nu bn tng s dng Project phin bn 2010 hoc trc na, bn c th quen thuc vi
cc tnh nng bo co dng bng c ti u ha cho vic in n. Tuy nhin, cc bo co trong
Project 2013 c a vo mt lot cc tnh nng v kh nng hon ton mi.
Bn c th s dng cc bn bo co ca Project xem cc chi tit ca k hoch ca bn
trong nhiu cch khc nhau. Mt bn bo co c lp c th l mt s kt hp nng ng gia cc
bng biu, cc biu v cc vn bn. Khng ging nh hu ht cc khung nhn trong Project,
mt bn bo co trng ging nh mt ci khung trng rng m trn bn c th t bt c yu
t no ( chng hn nh cc bng biu hoc cc biu ) min l chng tp trung ti cc thng
Chng VI
90

tin m bn quan tm nht. Project bao gm mt s bn bo co c sn (c xy dng trc), v
bn c th ty chnh chng hoc to ra ca ring bn cho cc yu cu thng tin c bit ca cc
bn lin quan ca d n.
Cc bn bo co c thit k xem cc chi tit ca Project. Bn khng th trc tip chnh
sa k hoch ca bn trong bn bo co nh khi bn c th lm c trong cc khung nhn. Tuy
nhin, bn c th ty bin nhng d liu no s xut hin trong bo co v chng c nh
dng nh th no. Cc bn bo co c bit ph hp vi vic chia s thng tin cho nhng ngi
khc thng qua vic in n hoc sao chp.
Lu : Phn ny s gii thiu v vic nh dng bn bo co. bit thm cc chi tit v
cc bo co, xem trong chng 14 v Chng 17.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn mun chia s bo co Work Overview
vi cc thnh vin trong nhm. Tuy nhin, bn mun thay i nh dng ca mt yu t trong bo
co ny.
Trong v d ny, bn thay i nh dng ca mt bn bo co c sn trong Project.
Bc 1: Trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, kch vo Dashboards v sau
chn Work Overview.
Bn bo co Work Overview xut hin:
Bn bo co ny bao gm mt s biu m t thi gian lm vic theo thi gian v cho

tng ti nguyn. Ty thuc vo phn gii mn hnh ca bn, bn c th cn phi di chuyn
thanh cun dc ca bn bo co xem tt c cc biu c trong .
cnh bn tri ca bn bo co l biu ct Work Stats. Bn s thay i nh dng ca
biu ny.
Bc 2: Kch vo bt c ni no trong biu Work Stats.
Ngay sau khi bn kch vo biu ny, bng iu khin Field List s xut hin cnh bn
phi ca mn hnh. Trong Chng 17, bn s s dng Field List ty chnh cc d liu c trong
bn bo co. Cn by gi, bn s tp trung vo vic thay i nh dng ca bn bo co ny.
Bc 3: Kch vo tab Design bn di nhn ng cnh Chart Tools. Trong nhm lnh Chart
Styles, kch vo phong cch biu c nn mu en. (Nu bn di chuyn con tr chut ln trn
phong cch biu ny th nhn ca biu ny l Style 6 s xut hin trong mt ToolTip) .
Project p dng phong cch biu ny ti biu Work Stats.
Chng VI
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Lu : Bn c lu ti cc nhn Report Tools v Chart Tools nm trn cc nhn ca cc

tab? y l cc nhn ng cnh thay i ty thuc vo loi i tng m bn chn. Hy khm
ph cc ty chn thit k v nh dng c sn cho loi biu ny v sau chn mt trong cc
biu khc c trong bn bo co ny khm ph tip. Bn bo co ny bao gm ba loi biu
l: ct-Column, thanh-Bar, v ng-Line. Mi loi biu u c cc phong cch biu
khc nhau.
Bc 4: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views kch Gantt Chart.
Khung nhn Gantt Chart s thay th bo co Work Overview.
6.4. Sao chp cc khung nhn v bo co

Bn c th thng xuyn cn phi chia s cc chi tit ca cc k hoch ca bn vi cc ng
nghip, l nhng ngi khng c phn mm Project hoc nhng ngi c th thch mt bn chp
(snapshot-chp nh mn hnh) n gin v tin hn. Bn c th nhanh chng sao chp hu ht
cc khung nhn v bo co t Project. Sau , cc khung nhn v bo co c sao chp c th
c dn vo th in t E-Mail, cc bn thuyt trnh hoc cc loi ti liu khc. Cc khung nhn
m khng th sao chp trc tip c t Project bao gm khung nhn Team Planner, cc khung
nhn dng Form ( chng hn nh Task Form) v Relationship Diagram.
Lu : Nu bn thy bn cn mt bn chp ( snapshop) hnh nh ca mt khung nhn hoc
mt bn bo co m khng th sao chp trc tip c t Project th hy s dng mt tin ch
chp nh mn hnh nh Windows Snipping Tool.
C hai khung nhn biu Gantt v Timeline u rt thch hp cho vic chia s cc chi tit
v tin . Timeline l mt khung nhn-ci nhn thong qua v d n v khung nhn biu Gantt
l mt nh dng c s dng rng ri trong vic th hin tin .
Cc bn bo co cng rt thch hp chia s vi cc bn lin quan khc ca d n. Cc
bo co c chia s c th c bit hiu qu trong vic truyn ti thng tin ca Project, mt khc
bn c th cn sao chp chng vo mt ng dng bng tnh nh Microsoft Excel nh dng
nhiu hn na v d liu dng bng v cc biu .
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn c mt chin lc truyn thng theo
hai hng chia s k hoch ra mt cun sch mi ti cc bn lin quan. Chin lc u tin lin
quan n vic to ra cc bc nh chp nhanh v khung nhn v cc bo co quan trng trong k
hoch v chia s chng thng qua e -mail v tp tin ti liu Microsoft Word. y chnh l trng
Chng VI
92

tm ca v d sau y. Trong phn tip theo, bn s tp trung vo chin lc truyn thng th hai
l: in k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn sao chp khung nhn biu Gantt, Timeline v mt bo co sang mt
ng dng khc.
Bc 1: Trong ct c nhn Task Name, kch vo tn ca nhim v 7, Internal Launch Phase.
Bc 2: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Editing, kch Scroll to Task.
Cc thanh bar Gantt i din cho nhim v khi qut Internal Launch Phase v cc nhim
v con ca n c hin th. S hin th lc ny gn ging vi hnh nh m bn mun sao chp.
Trong khung nhn Gantt Chart, chn tn ca cc nhim v t 7 n 14.

y l nhim v khi qut Internal Launch Phase v cc nhim v con ca n.
Bc 4: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Clipboard, nhp vo biu tng u mi tn bn
cnh lnh Copy v sau chn Copy Picture.
Hp thoi Copy Picture xut hin .
Trong hp thoi ny, bn c th kim sot cch thc m Project sao chp cc chi tit t k
hoch vo trong Clipboard hoc lu n vo mt tp tin. Hai ty chn u tin di nhn Render
Image kim sot kch thc v phn gii ca hnh nh biu Gantt m bn sao chp; Ty
chn th ba cho php bn lu cc hnh nh sao chp thnh mt tp tin hnh nh Graphics
Interchange Format (*.GIF). Cc ty chn bn di nhn Copy v Timeline cho php bn tinh
chnh nhng g bn mun sao chp .
Chng VI
93

i vi v d ny, bn mun sao chp nhng dng c chn ( chn ty chn Selected rows)
vi cht lng phn gii ca mn hnh hin th ( chn ty chn For screen) v nguyn
khong ty chn di nhn Timescale l As shown on screen.
Bc 5: Kch OK.
Project sao chp mt hnh nh ha ca biu Gantt ch ca nhng hng chn vo
trong Clipboard ca HH Window.
Bc 6: M phn mm Microsoft Word trn my bn tnh ca bn.
Bc 7: Trong Microsoft Word, kch vo lnh Paste hoc s dng t hp phm Ctrl+V.
Hnh nh ha ca khung nhn Gantt Chart s c dn vo.
Khung nhn Gantt Chart l mt nh dng tiu chun cho vic trnh by tin v n c th
hin th kh chi tit v tin .
Bc 8: Quay tr li phn mm Project.
Bn sao chp hu ht cc khung nhin khc trong Project theo mt cch tng t nh bn
lm vi khung nhn Gantt Chart. Tuy nhin, khung nhn Timeline, c cc ty chn khc bit
i vi vic sao chp, v bn s khm ph chng bc tip theo.
Bc 9: Kch vo bt c ni u trong khung nhn Timeline.
Hin nay, vi vic tp trung vo khung nhn Timeline, nhn ng cnh bn trn tab Format
thay i thnh Timeline Tools.
Bc 10: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Copy, kch Copy Timeline.
Cc ty chn v Copy Timeline xut hin.
Chng VI
94
Lu : Hy th nghim vi tng ty chn ca Copy Timeline v dn kt qu vo bt c

ng dng no m bn mun. i vi v d ny, bn s dn kt qu vo Microsof Word, mt trnh
son tho vn bn ca Microsoft.
Bc 11: Kch Full Size.
Project s sao chp mt hnh nh ha ca khung nhn Timeline vo Clipboard.
Bc 12: Quay tr li phn mm Microsoft Word v sau dn n vo bn di hnh nh
v khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Bc 13: Quay tr li phn mm Project.

Cho n lc ny th bn vn ang lm vic vi khung nhn Timeline trong nh dng nhiu
chi tit ca n. mang li cho bn nhiu khng gian lm vic trn mn hnh hn, bn s thay i
li s hin th ca khung nhn Timeline n hin th trong nh dng t chi tit hn.
Bc 14: Kch vo bt c ni u trong khung nhn Timeline, v sau vo tab Format,
trong nhm lnh Show/Hide, kch Detailed Timeline.
Project s co li khung nhn Timeline v hin th nh dng t chi tit hn ca n. Tip theo
bn s sao chp v dn mt bn bo co.
Chng VI
95

Bc 15: Trong tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, kch vo Dashboards v sau
chn Work Overview.
Bo co Work Overview m bn ty chnh trc xut hin.
Bc 16: Kch vo bt c ni u trong bn bo co Work Overview , v sau kch vo
tab Design di nhn Report Tools. Trong nhm lnh Report, chn Copy Report.
Project sao chp mt hnh nh ha ca bo co ny vo Clipboard.
Lu : ch sao chp mt biu no trong bo co, kch chut phi vo cc cnh
ngoi ca biu m bn mun sao chp v trong Shortcut Menu xut hin, chn Copy.
Bc 17: Quay tr li phn mm Microsoft Word v sau dn n vo bn di hnh nh
v khung nhn Timeline.
V by gi bn c trong tp tin ti liu mi ca bn trong phn mm Microsoft Word c
cha cc hnh nh ha ca khung nhn Gantt Chart , khung nhn Timeline v c bo co Work
Overview.
Bc 18: ng phn mm Microsoft Word v quay tr li Project.

Bc 19: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views , kch Gantt Chart.
Khung nhn Gantt Chart xut hin thay th bn bo co Work Overview.
6.5. In cc khung nhn v bo co

Bng cch in cc khung nhn v cc bo co, bn c th a ln trn mt giy ch c nhng
g m bn nhn thy trn mn hnh ca bn. i vi mt k hoch c nhiu nhim v, nhng g m
bn c th nhn thy trn mn hnh ca bn ti mt thi im no c th l mt phn tng i
nh ca ton b k hoch. Khi s dng nhng kh giy c kch thc tiu chun ( v d A4, Letter)
th bn c th cn nhiu t in ton b k hoch. V d, mt khung nhn Gantt Chart ca mt d
n c tin su thng vi khong 100 nhim v c th yu cu 12 t giy kh Letter hoc nhiu
Chng VI
96

hn in ton b n. Vic in ra k hoch trong Project c th s dng kh nhiu giy, do vic
xem trc cc khung nhn v cc bo co m bn nh in l mt tng hay.
Bn c nhiu la chn khi in trong Project, chng hn nh in theo mt phm vi cc ngy c
th trong khung nhn Gantt Chart ( bn s lm iu sau y). Ngoi ra, bn cng c th kim
sot c nhng g s c in ra trong khung nhn xem trc khi in bng cch lc hoc thu gn
cc nhim v li, hoc ch hin th cc nhim v khi qut. ( Bn s khm ph cc ty chn nh
vy trong Chng 12).
So vi cc khung nhn, cc bo co c th l mt dng trnh by ngn gn hn in thng
tin v k hoch ca bn. Cc bo co s dng cc nh dng thng thng d hiu, chng hn nh
l cc bng biu v biu , t chc v trnh by thng tin.
Lu : Mt s khung nhn, chng hn nh cc khung nhn dng Forrm ( v d Task Form)
v Relationship Diagram, khng th in c t Project. Tuy nhin , bn c th s dng mt tin
ch chp nh mn hnh nh Windows Snipping Tool c c mt bn chp ca mt khung nhn
thuc loi v sau in n.
c hng dn chi tit v vic in n cao cp, xem trong Chng 16.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn chia s trc tuyn cc bn chp
ca cc khung nhn v cc bo co ca k hoch ra mt cun sch mi ti cc i tng lin quan.
Tip theo bn s in cc khung nhn v cc bo co t k hoch treo ln tng, ch m nhm
dnh cho cc ti liu ln k hoch quan trng ca d n ny. Mt khi cc chi tit v tin ny
c in v treo trn tng, bn s khuyn khch cc thnh vin trong nhm nh du bng tay cc
thng phn hi hoc ch thch v k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn s nhn thy khung nhn xem trc khi in-Print preview ca khung
nhn Gantt Char, cng nh ca mt bn bo co
Bc 1: Trn tab File, kch chn Print.
Khung nhn xem trc khi in-Print preview ca khung nhn Gantt Chart s xut hin trong
giao din Backstage.
Khung nhn Print Preview c mt s ty chn khm ph. Bn s bt u vi cc nt iu

hng trang gc di cng bn phi ca mn hnh. quan st rng hn v nhng th s c
in ra, bn s chuyn sang mt khung nhn gm nhiu trang.
Chng VI
97

Bc 2: Kch vo nt Multiple Pages.
Nt Multiple Pages
Ton b biu Gantt xut hin trong Preview Print. Gi s rng kch thc kh giy ca
bn l Letter, bn c th nhn thy biu Gantt s c tri ra trn 4 t giy. Nhng g bn nhn
thy trong Preview Print c th khc nhau do n ph thuc vo vic thit lp kh giy c th cho
my in ca bn. V nhng g bn ang nhn thy ny c nhiu lng thng tin hn mc bn cn
truyn ti vo lc ny, v vy bn s iu chnh Print preview n ch bao gm mt phn thng
mt ca biu Gantt.
Lu : Nu bn c mt my in m bn thit lp kh giy khc vi kh Letter th nhng g
bn nhn thy trong khung nhn Preview Print trn my tnh ca bn c th khc vi vi nhng g
c th hin trong v d ny. Cc bc tip theo s gi nh rng bn nhn thy khung nhn
Gantt Chart c phn chia trong 4 t giy.
Bc 3: Bn di khu vc c nhn Settings nm pha bn tri, kch Print Entire Project
hin th thm cc ty chn in.
Cc ty chn ny php bn ty chnh cc chi tit s c in.

Bc 4: Kch Print Specific Dates.
Ch ti hai trng d liu ngy nm trc tip ngay bn di thit lp Print Specific Dates.
Trong trng d liu u tin ( c nhn Dates), 05/01/2015 c th ang c hin th. y l ngy
bt u ca d n.
Bc 5: Trong trng d liu th hai ( c nhn l To) g hoc chn ngy 31/1/2015.
Project s iu chnh thi gian biu-Timescale trong phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt
Chart ph hp vi khung thi gian ny.
Chng VI
98
Bc 6: Kch vo nt Back ng giao din Bacckstage.

kt thc v d ny, bn s lm vic vi mt bn bo co.
Bc 7: Trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, kch vo Dashboards v sau
chn Work Overview.
Bo co Work Overview xut hin. Tip theo bn s xem xt mt s cc ty chn thit lp
trang-Page Setup cho cc bo co.
Bc 8: Kch tab Design bn di nhn ng cnh Report Tools. Trong nhm lnh Page
Setup, chn Page Breaks.
Cc ng t nt m bn nhn thy trong bo co ny cho bn bit chnh l ra ca cc
mp in trn cc trang giy theo cc thit lp trang hin thi. Cc ty chn m bn nhn thy trong
nhm lnh Page Setup, chng hn nh canh l-Margins v kch thc kh giy- Size, c th s
hu ch khi bn thit k bo co ca bn.
Ra mp in
Bc 9: Trn tab File kch chn Print.
Chng VI
99

Khung nhn xem trc khi in- Print Preview ca bn bo co xut hin trong giao din
Backstage.
Bc 10: Kch vo nt Multiple Pages.

Ton b bn bo co Work Overview xut hin trong khung nhin Print Preview.
Bc 11: Kch vo nt Back ng giao din Backstage.
Chng VI
100
Theo di s thc hin ca k hoch
Chng VII
101

Cho n lc ny, bn mi ch tp trung vo pht trin vic lp k hoch ca d n v truyn
ti cc chi tit ca mt k hoch trc khi cng vic ngoi thc t bt u thc hin. Do , khi
cng vic bt u thc hin, chng ta bc vo giai on tip theo ca cng vic qun l d n:
Theo di s thc hin. Theo di c hiu l ghi chp cc chi tit nh nhng ai lm nhng vic
g, cng vic c thc hin khi no, v vi chi ph l bao nhiu. Nhng chi tit ny thng
c gi l cc s vic thc t din ra-actual.
Theo di cc s vic thc t din ra l iu cn thit thc s qun l mt d n, cng
nh so snh vi k hoch lp ca n. Ngi qun l ca d n cng phi bit cc nhm thc
hin nh th no v khi no th c cc hnh ng chn chnh. Bng cch theo di ng cch s
thc hin ca d nh v so snh n vi k hoch ban u (c lu trong mt ng c s baseline ), bn c th tr li cc cu hi nh sau :
- Cc nhim v c bt u v kt thc theo k hoch hay khng? Nu khng, ci g s nh
hng n ngy kt thc ca d n ?
- Cc ti nguyn s dng thi gian nhiu hn hay t hn hn so vi k hoch hon thnh
nhim v?
- Cc chi ph ca nhim v cao hn d kin c lm tng chi ph tng th ca d n?
Lu : Khi bn nhp cc s vic thc t din ra, chng hn nh cc gi tr v thi hn
thc hin, ngy bt u, hoc kt thc thc t, bn c th quan st cc gi tr v thi hn thc hin,
ngy bt u hoc kt thc c ln tin trong k hoch ca bn thay i. Nhng thay i nh
vy l kt qu ca vic Project ch ng tnh ton li k hoch, chng ta s ni n iu ny khi
n xy ra trong cc v d sau y.
Project cung cp nhiu nhiu cch theo di s thc hin. Vic bn la chn cch thc
theo di no nn ty thuc vo mc ca chi tit hoc vic kim sot theo yu cu ca bn, cc
nh ti tr d n v cc bn lin quan khc. Theo di chnh xc cc chi tit ca mt d n i hi
phi thm s lm vic t bn v c th l t cc ti nguyn ang lm vic trong d n. V vy,
trc khi bn bt u theo di s thc hin, bn nn xc nh mc chi tit bn cn.
Cc mc khc nhau ca vic theo di cc chi tit:
- Ghi chp s lm vic ca d n ng nh tin lp. Mc ny hot ng tt nht
khi tt c mi th trong d n xy ra ng nh k hoch.
- Ghi chp t l phn trm hon thnh ca tng nhim v, l cc gi tr chnh xc hoc
cc mc nh 25%, 50%, 75% hoc 100%.
- Ghi chp ngy bt u, ngy kt thc, thi gian lm vic thc t v thi hn thc hin thc
t v cn li i vi tng nhim v hoc s phn cng.
- Theo di s lm vic mc phn cng theo khong thi gian. y l mc chi tit
nht ca vic theo di. y, bn ghi li thi gian lm vic thc t tng ngy, tng tun hoc theo
cc khong thi gian khc.
Bi v cc phn khc nhau ca mt d n c th c cc nhu cu theo di khc nhau nn bn
c th cn phi p dng mt cch thc l s kt hp gia cc phng thc theo di theo cc nhu
cu trong mt d n. V d, bn c th mun theo di cc nhim v c tnh ri ro cao mc t
m hn nhng nhim v c tnh ri ro thp. Trong chng ny, bn s thc hin vic theo di theo
ba mc chi tit u tin c lit k trn, cn mc chi tit th 4 ( theo di s lm vic
mc phn cng theo khong thi gian) s c cp trong Chng 13.
7.1. Lu mt ng c s cho k hoch ca bn.

Sau khi pht trin mt k hoch, mt trong nhng hot ng quan trng nht ca bn khi
lm ngi qun l ca d n l ghi chp li cc s vic thc t din ra v nh gi s thc hin
ca d n. Khi bn ghi chp cc s vic thc t din ra hoc cp nht k hoch ca bn, k hoch
Chng VII
102

gc ban u s c kh nng s thay i. iu ny s gy kh khn cho vic theo di k hoch
trng thi gc ban u ca n.
nh gi s thc hin ca d n mt cch ng n, bn s so snh s thc hin thc t
ca d n vi k hoch gc ban u ca bn. K hoch gc ban u ny c gi l k hoch
ng c s-Baseline plan hoc ch n gin gi l ng c s-Baseline. Mt ng c s l
mt tp hp ca nhng gi tr quan trng v tin , chi ph v thi gian lm vic, bao gm mt
s gi tr phn b theo thi gian (gi l cc gi tr theo pha thi gian-timephased).
Lu : Trong chng 13 bn s lm vic vi timephased.
Khi bn lu mt ng c s, Project to mt bn chp nhanh v cc gi tr hin ti v lu
n vo trong k hoch ca bn so snh trong tng lai. Bn nn lu ng c s khi:
- Bn pht trin k hoch mc y nht c th. (Tuy nhin, iu ny khng c
ngha l bn khng th b sung cc nhim v, cc ti nguyn hoc cc s phn cng ti k hoch
sau khi cng vic bt u- iu ny thng khng th trnh khi).
- Bn vn cha bt u nhp cc gi tr thc t, chng hn nh t l phn trm hon thnh
ca mt nhim v.
Cc gi tr c th c lu trong mt ng c s bao gm mt s trng d liu v nhim
v, ti nguyn v cc s phn cng v cng nh cc trng d liu theo pha thi gian.
Cc trng d liu v nhim
v
Cc trng d liu v ti
nguyn
Ngy bt u-Start
Thi gian lm vic-Work v thi Ngy bt u-Start

gian lm vic theo pha thi gian timephased work
Chi ph-Cost v chi ph theo pha Ngy kt thc-Finish
thi gian -Timephased cost
Thi gian lm vic-Work v thi
gian lm vic theo pha thi giantimephased work
Ngy kt thc-Finish
Thi hn thc hin-Duration
Thi gian lm vic-Work v

thi gian lm vic theo pha thi
gian -Timephased work
Cc trng d liu v s phn

cng
Chi ph-Cost v chi ph theo pha

thi gian -Timephased cost
Project cung cp khng ch mt m cn ln n 11 ng c s trong mt k hoch.

ng c s u tin c gi l Baseline v cc ng cn li l t Baseline 1 n Baseline 10.
Lu nhiu ng c s c th hu ch cho cc d n c giai on ln k hoch c bit l di, m
trong bn c th mun so snh cc thit lp v cc gi tr gia cc ng c s. V d, bn c
th mun lu v so snh cc ng c s ca k hoch theo tng thng khi cc chi tit ca k
hoch thay i. Hoc bn c th mun lu mt ng c s mi ti cc thi im khc nhau trong
qu trnh thc hin d n. V d, Bn c th lu Baseline l ng c s trc khi cng vic bt
u, Baseline 1 s l ng c s ca thng u tin sau khi cng vic bt u, Baseline 2 l ca
thng th hai tip theo v c tip tc nh vy vi cc ng c s tip theo. Sau , bn c th
xem cc ng c s khc nhau ny v so snh chng vi thc t din ra-actual trong sut qu
trnh thc hin ca d n.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, k hoch ra mt cun sch mi by gi
pht trin y . S lm vic trong thc t ca d n s sm bt u. c c s so snh
sau ny gia s lm vic thc t v tin hin ti vi k hoch gc ban u, u tin bn s lu
mt ng c s.
Trong v d ny, bn lu trng thi hin ti ca mt k hoch tin lm ng c s v
sau xem cc gi tr v nhim v trong ng c s.
Chng VII
103

Bn cn n tp tin Simple Tracking_Start nm trong th mc tp tin Practises/Chapter 7
i km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Simple Tracking _Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc c tn
l Simple Tracking.
Bc 1: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Schedule, kch Set Baseline v chn Set
Baseline.
Hp thoi Set Baseline xut hin.
Bn s thit lp ng c s ny cho ton b d n bng cch s dng cc thit lp mc

nh ca hp thoi.
Bc 2: Nhn OK.
Project s lu ng c s mc d khng c du hiu no trong khung nhn Gantt Chart
cho thy c bt c iu g thay i. By gi bn s thy mt s thay i do vic lu ng c
s.
Lu : Khi lm vic vi mt k hoch m bao gm mt ng c s c lu, bn c
th nhn thy thi im m n c lu trong hp thoi Set Baseline. Ngy m ng c s
c lu xut hin sau tn ca ng c s trong hp chn c nhn Set Baseline.
Bc 3: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh View kch vo biu tng u mi tn bn di Gantt
Chart v sau kch vo Task Sheet.
Khung nhn Task Sheet xut hin. Bi v y l mt khung nhn dng bng nn n khng
bao gm biu Gantt, do bn c th nhn thy nhiu trng d liu c sn hn trong bng
Entry ny.
By gi bn s chuyn sang bng Variance trong khung nhn Task Sheet. Bng Variance l
mt trong s cc bng c sn cha ng cc gi tr ca ng c s.
Bc 4: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables.
Trong danh sc cc bng c lit k, lu ti du kim bn cnh mc Entry. iu ny c
ngha l rng bng Entry (nhp d liu) ang c hin th trong khung nhn Task Sheet. Bc
tip theo, bn s chuyn sang loi bng khc.
Bc 5: Kch Variance.
Lu : Bn cng c th kch chut phi vo nt Select All nm gc trn cng bn tri (
ngay trn cng ct ID) chuyn sang mt bng khc.
Bng Variance xut hin. Bng ny bao gm c ct ngy bt u, ngy kt thc ca c k
hoch tin hin ti ln ng c s c lu, v chng c t bn cnh d dng so snh.
Chng VII
104

Nt Select All
Bi v cha c s lm vic thc t no din ra v khng c s thay i no ti s lm

vic c ln tin nn cc gi tr trong cc trng d liu thuc ct Start v Baseline Start
ging ht nhau, cc ct Finish v Baseline Finish cng nh vy. Sau khi s lm vic thc t c
ghi chp li hoc cc iu chnh v tin c thc hin, cc gi tr ca ngy bt u (Start) v
kt thc (Finish) theo tin hin ti c th khc vi cc gi tr ca ng c s. sau , bn c
th nhn thy cc s khc bit c hin th trong cc ct Variance ( Start Var. V Finish Var.)
Bc 6: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch Gantt Chart.
Lu : Project c nhiu khung nhn dng so snh tin hin ti vi ng c s, nhng
y l mt cch nhanh nht xem cc gi tr ca ng c s trong khung nhn Gantt Chart:
trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Styles Bar, kch Baseline v sau kch vo ng c s (
Baseline hoc Baseline1, Baseline10 ) m bn mun hin th. Project s v cc thanh bar Gantt
c s cho ng c s m bn chn.
By gi, bn nhn thy mt s trng d liu ca ng c s v y l lc nhp mt
s s vic thc t din ra.
7.2. Theo di s thc hin ng nh k hoch tin n mt ngy c th

Phng php n gin nht theo di s thc hin ca d n l bo co rng cc cng
vic ngoi thc t ang c din ra ng nh k hoch lp. V d, nu tun u tin ca mt
d n c thi hn thc hin l nm tun tri qua v tt c cc nhim v ca n bt u v kt
thc ng nh tin , th bn c th nhanh chng ghi li iu ny trong hp thoi Update Project.
Khi bn ghi li s thc hin ca d n n mt ngy c th, Project tnh ton thi hn thc
hin thc t, thi hn thc hin cn li, cc chi ph thc t v cc gi tr khc ti ngy c th m
bn nhp vo. Phng php ny c th l tt ngay c khi cc gi tr ca thi gian lm vic v
chi ph thc t c to ra bi Project khng ng chnh xc vi nhng g xy ra trong thc
t, nhng cng gn cho mc ch theo di tin ca bn.
Lu : Mt cch khc dng ch ra rng ch nhng nhim v nht nh no (khng
phi ton b k hoch) c hon thnh ng nh tin k hoch l s dng lnh Mark On
Track (trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Schedule). Lnh ny ch p dng cho cc nhim v c
la chn, v n thit lp rng k t ngy d n bt u thc hin cho n ngy trng thi-Status
date (nu bn thit lp ngy trng thi bng lnh Status Date trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh
Status) cc nhim v ny hon thnh ng nh k hoch. Hoc nu bn cha thit lp mt ngy
trng thi, th lnh c p dng cho n ngy hin ti (ngy hin ti trn my tnh)-Current
date.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, mt khong thi gian tri qua k t
khi lu ng c s trong k hoch ra mt cun sch mi. Cc nhim v trong tun u tin v
Chng VII
105

na tun k tip c hon thnh ng nh k hoch lp. Bn cn k khai cc nhim v
hon thnh ny trong k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn theo di s thc hin ca d n m k t ngy bt u cho n mt
ngy c th no cc nhim v thc hin ng nh tin k hoch lp, dn n Project
ghi li cc s vic thc t din ra ca d n.
Bc 1: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Status, kch Update Project.
Hp thoi Update Project xut hin.
Bc 2: m bo l ty chn Update work as complete through c chn. Trong hp
nhp ngy k bn, nhp hoc chn 14/1/15.
Bc 3: Nhn OK.
Project ghi t l phn trm hon thnh cho cc nhim v m c ln tin bt u trc
ngy 14 thng 1. N hin th s thc thi ny bng cch v cc thanh bar tin trin-Progress bar
trong phn biu Gantt cho nhng nhim v ny.
Du tch xut hin trong ct ch s ca cc
nhim v hon thnh
Progress bar ch ra phn hon thnh ca

nhim v
Trong phn biu Gantt ca khung nhn Gantt Chart, thanh bar Progress cho thy mc
hon thnh ca cc nhim v. Bi v nhim v 2, 3 v 4 c hon thnh nn du tch chn
xut hin trong ct ch s ca cc nhim v ny, ngoi ra cc thanh bar Progress ko di trn ton
b chiu di thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim v . Cn nhim v 5 th mi ch hon thnh mt
phn.
7.3. Nhp gi tr phn trm hon thnh ca nhim v.

Sau khi s lm vic bt u trong mt nhim v, bn c th nhanh chng ghi li tin trin
ca n theo mt t l phn trm. Khi bn nhp mt t l phn trm hon thnh ln hn 0, Project
s thit lp ngy bt u thc t (actual start date) ca nhim v ph hp vi ngy bt u
theo tin k hoch ca n. Sau Project tnh ton thi hn thc hin thc t, thi hn thc
hin cn li, cc chi ph thc t v cc gi tr khc da trn t l phn trm bn nhp vo. V d,
nu bn ch r rng mt nhim v c thi hn thc hin l bn ngy hon thnh 25 phn trm th
Chng VII
106

Project tnh ton rng nhim v c thi hn thc hin thc t l mt ngy v thi hn thc hin
cn li l ba ngy.
Di y l mt s cch thc nhp t l phn trm hon thnh:
- S dng nt 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% v 100% Complete trong nhm lnh Schedule ca tab
Task.
- Thm ct phn trm hon thnh (C nhn l % Complete ) trong mt bng trong mt khung
nhn v nhim v, v sau nhp gi tr bn mun.
- Nhp bt k gi tr phn trm no m bn mun trong hp thoi Update Tasks. ( truy
cp vo hp thoi ny, trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Schedule, click vo biu tng u mi tn
bn phi ca lnh Mark On Track, v sau chn Update Tasks).
- S dng chut thit lp s hon thnh trn thanh bar Gantt.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, s lm vic vn tip tc trong d n ra
mt cun sch mi. Bn c thm cc tin trin v cng vic ghi li trong k hoch theo cc gi
tr phn trm hon thnh.
Trong v d ny, bn s ghi li t l phn trm hon thnh ca mt s nhim v.
Bc 1: Trong ct Task Name, chn tn ca nhim v 5, Design and order marketing
material.
Tin trin ca nhim v ny c ghi chp li trong v d trc, nhng n vn cha c
thit lp l hon thnh.
Bc 2: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Schedule, kch 100% Complete.
Project ghi li rng s lm vic thc t ca nhim v ny l ng nh tin k hoch v
ko di thanh bar Progress cho n ht chiu di ca thanh bar Gantt.
Tip theo bn s ghi li rng nhim v ct mc trong nhim v khi qut Planning Phase
v nhim v con u tin ca nhim v khi qut Internal Launch Phase hon thnh.
Bc 3: Trong ct Task Name, chn tn ca nhim v 6, Planning complete!, v trong khi
ang gi phm Ctrl, chn tn ca nhim v 8, Kickoff book launch meeting.
Bc 4: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Schedule, kch 100% Complete.
Chng VII
107

Bi v nhim v 6 l mt nhim v ct mc khng c thi hn thc hin nn khng c bt
k s thay i no xut hin trong biu tng ca n trong cc phn biu Gantt ca khung nhn
Gantt Chart nh xy ra i vi nhim v 8. Tuy nhin, bn c th nhn du tch th hin s
hon thnh i vi c hai nhim v ny trong ct ch s ID.
Tip theo, bn s c c mt ci nhn r rng hn v ci cch m s tin trin c hin
th trong thanh bar Gantt ca mt nhim v. Bn s nhp vo mt gi tr phn trm hon thnh
cho mt nhim v khc.
Bc 5: Kch vo tn ca nhim v 9, Prepare book P&L statement.
Bc 6: trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Schedule, kch 50% Complete.
Project s ghi li rng s lm vic thc t ca nhim v ny ng nh tin k hoch v
sau v ra mt thanh bar Progress n mt v tr no trn thanh bar Gantt ca n.
Lu rng mc d 50% cng vic ca nhim v 9 hon thnh, nhng thanh bar Progress
khng ko di ti v tr 50% chiu di ca thanh bar Gantt. iu ny l do Project o lng thi
hn thc hin theo khong thi gian lm vic Working time, nhng li v thanh bar Gantt ko di
trn c khong thi gian khng lm vic-Nonworking Time, v trong trng hp ny th n bao
gm c th ba ngy 22 thng 1 l mt ngy khng lm vic ( mt ngy ngoi l m bn thit
lp trong cc v d trc ).
Bc 7: Trong phn biu ( pha bn phi) ca khung nhn Gantt Chart, di chuyn con tr
chut bn trn thanh bar Progress bn trong thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v 9 v di chuyn dc theo
n cho n khi biu tng con tr chut thay i thnh k hiu phn trm+ mi tn hng sang
phi, mt ScreenTip ca thanh bar Progress s xut hin.
ScreenTip ca thanh Progress thng bo cho bn v t l phn trm hon thnh ca nhim
v v cc gi tr theo di khc.
Di y l mt s li khuyn v gi thm cho cch nhp t l phn trm hon thnh
nhim v:
- Bn cng c th thit lp phn trm hon thnh bng cch di chuyn con tr chut n
im u ca mt thanh bar Gantt ( i vi cc nhim v cha c ghi li s tin trin) hoc
Chng VII
108

thanh bar Progress ( i vi nhim ghi li s tin trin). Khi con tr chut thay i thnh k
hiu phn trm v mi tn hng sang bn phi, th nhn v gia phm tri chut ri ko con tr
chut t tri sang phi. Khi bn lm nh vy, hy ch ti ngy bn cnh nhn Complete
through" xut hin trong mt ScreenTip nh hnh minh ha di y.
- Nu bn c th thu thp c ngy bt u thc t ca mt nhim v th hy ghi li ngy

thc t bt u (c m t trong phn k tip) v sau ghi li mt t l phn trm hon thnh.
- Theo mc nh, Project th hin thanh bar Gantt ko di trn c nhng ngy khng lm
vic-Nonworking time (chng hn nh ngy cui tun) nh bn thy trong phn ny. Tuy nhin,
Project cng c th khng th hin s ko di ny ln c nhng ngy khng lm vic, nhn b
ngoi th s th hin ny ni ln khng c s lm vic no trong nhim v din ra trong thi gian
khng lm vic. Nu bn thch kiu trnh by ny, kch chut phi vo bt k v tr no trong phn
biu trong khung nhn Gantt Chart ( ch tr trn cc thanh bar, lin kt, nhn v biu tng) v
chn Nonworking Time trong Shortcut Menu xut hin. Trong hp thoi Timescale, kch vo tab
Non-Working Time. Bn cnh nhn Draw chn ty chn In front of task bars.
- V y l mt k thut n gin theo di cc d n c nhiu nhim v c thi hn thc
hin ngn m khng yu cu theo di chi tit. Ch s dng cc gi tr hon thnh l 0%, 50%, v
100%. 0% c ngha l s lm vic trn nhim v cha bt u, 50% ngha l s lm vic bt
u, v 100% c ngha l nhim v hon thnh. Nu bn ch cn bit nhng nhim v no ang
tin trin v nhng nhim v no hon thnh th y l dng theo di n gin nht m bn c
th p dng.
7.4. Nhp cc gi tr thc t cho nhim v.

Mt cch chi tit hn gi cho tin ca bn c cp nht l ghi li nhng thc t g
din ra i vi tng nhim v trong d n ca bn. Bn c th ghi li ngy bt u, kt thc, thi
gian lm vic v thi hn thc hin thc t cho tng nhim v. V d, khi bn nhp thi hn thc
hin thc t l 3 ngy cho mt nhim v c thi hn thc hin d kin l 5 ngy ( tc l c 40 gi
lm vic), Project s tnh ton thi gian lm vic thc t l 24 gi, phn trm hon thnh l 60%
v thi hn thc hin cn li l 2 ngy.
Khi bn nhp cc gi tr thc t khc vi k hoch tin , Project s dng cc quy tc sau
y cp nht k hoch tin :
- Khi bn nhp ngy bt u thc t ca mt nhim v, Project s di chuyn ngy bt u
ca k hoch tin ph hp vi ngy bt u thc t.
- Khi bn nhp ngy kt thc thc t ca mt nhim v, Project s di chuyn ngy kt thc
ca k hoch tin ph hp vi ngy kt thc thc t v thit lp l nhim v hon thnh
100% .
- Khi bn nhp mt thi gian lm vic thc t ca nhim v, Project tnh ton li thi gian
lm vic cn li, nu c.
- Khi bn nhp vo mt thi hn thc hin thc t ca nhim v, nu n t hn thi hn thc
hin d kin theo k hoch tin th Project s ly thi hn thc hin theo k hoch tr i thi
hn thc hin thc t tnh ra thi hn thc hin cn li.
- Khi bn nhp vo mt thi hn thc hin thc t ca nhim v, nu n bng thi hn thc
hin d kin theo k hoch tin th Project s thit lp nhim v hon thnh 100%.
- Khi bn nhp vo mt thi hn thc hin thc t ca nhim v, nu n di hn thi hn
thc hin d kin theo k hoch tin th Project s iu chnh thi hn thc hin theo k hoch
cho ph hp vi thi hn thc hin thc t v thit lp nhim v hon thnh 100%.
Chng VII
109

Bi v k hoch tin ca bn c cp nht vi cc gi tr thc t nn n s c kh nng
thay i. Tuy nhin l k hoch tin gc ban u c lu trong mt ng c s vn khng
b thay i.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, mt vi ngy tri qua v s lm vin
trong d n ra mt cun sch mi vn tin trin. Cc ti nguyn thc hin cc cng vic c phn
hi cho bn rng s tin trin ngoi thc t khc i cht so vi k hoch tin , v bn mun
ghi li nhng thc t ny v quan st nh hng ca n ti ton b k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn ghi li cc thi gian lm vic thc t cho mt s nhim v, cng nh
ngy bt u, kt thc thc t i vi cc nhim v khc.
Bc 1: trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo Tables v sau chn Work.
Bng Work xut hin.
Lu : Bn c th hin th bt c bng no m c lin quan nht ti cc chi tit m bn ang
hng n khi theo di s tin trin trong mt k hoch. Cc bng hu ch bao gm bng Work,
tp trung vo thi gian lm vic v bng Cost, tp trung vo cc gi tr chi ph. Bng Tracking l
mt bng ton din nht khi ghi li hoc xem s tin trin.
Bc 2: Nu cn thit, ko thanh chia ng khung nhn sang bn phi l ct cui cng
trong bng Work c nhn l W%. Comp (% Work Complete).
Bng ny bao gm c ct tng thi gian lm vic theo k hoch tin ( ct nhn Work),
ct tng thi gian lm vic thc t (Actual) v ct tng thi gian lm vic cn li (Remaining).
Bn s cp ti cc gi tr trong cc ct ny khi bn cp nht cho cc nhim v.
Trong phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart, bn c th thy rng nhim v 9 hon
thnh mt phn. Trong bng Work , ch ti gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t ( ct Actual) l 8
gi. 8 gi ny l kt qu ca vic thit lp nhim v hon thnh 50% trong v d trc. Nhim
v c tng s gi lm vic l 16 gi, do hon thnh 50% nn dn n thi gian lm vic thc t l
8 gi v thi gian lm vic cn li cng l 8 gi. By gi bn mun ghi li rng nhim v ny by
gi hon thnh nhng vi thi gian lm vic thc t nhiu hn so vi d kin trong k hoch
tin .
Bc 3: Trong trng d liu thuc ct Actual ca nhim v 9, Prepare book P&L statement,
g hoc chn 24 v sau nhn phm Enter.
Project ghi li rng tng thi gian lm vic ca nhim v s 9 l 24 gi v nhim v hon
thnh. Bi v 24 gi ln hn so vi 16 gi d kin ban u 16 (c th nhn thy trong trng d
liu thuc ct c nhn Baseline), Project nh du nhim v hon thnh v ko di thanh bar
Gantt ca nhim v ny ch ra ging thi hn thc hin di hn.
kt thc v d ny, bn s nhp ngy bt u thc t v thi hn thc hin thc t ca cc

nhim v khc trong nhim v khi qut Internal Launch Phase.
Bc 4: Trong ct Task Name, kch chn nhim v 10, Plan authors travel.
Thc t th nhim v ny bt u ngy lm vic trc ngy d kin trong k hoch tin
1 ngy ( ngy d kin l th t ngy 21/1) v mt tng cng by ngy hon thnh. Bn s
ghi li cc thng tin ny trong hp thoi Update Tasks.
Chng VII
110

Bc 5: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Schedule, click vo biu tng u mi tn bn
cnh nt Mark on Track v sau kch vo Update Tasks.
Hp thoi Update Tasks xut hin. Hp thoi ny cho thy cc gi tr ca ngy bt u, kt
thc v thi hn thc hin ca nhim v trong thc t ln k hoch tin , ngoi ra c c thi gian
thc hin cn li. Trong hp thoi ny, bn c th cp nht cc gi tr thc t v cn li.
Bc 6: Trong trng d liu nhp c nhn Start thuc khu vc Actual pha bn tri hp
thoi, g hoc chn 20/01/15.
Bc 7: Trong trng d liu nhp c nhn Actual dur, g hoc chn 7d.
Bc 8: Nhn OK.
Project ghi li ngy bt u v thi hn thc hin thc t, thi gian lm vic thc t v thi
gian lm vic theo k hoch ca nhim v ny. Nhng gi tr ny cng cun ln nhim v khi
qut Internal Launch Phase (nhim v 7) v nhim nhim tng qut (nhim v 0), bn lu ti
cc trng d liu c lm ni bt do b thay i.
kt thc v d ny, bn s ghi li rng nhim v 11 bt u nh k hoch nhng mt

nhiu thi gian hn so d kin hon thnh.
Bc 9: Trong ct Task Name, kch chn nhim v, Channel Sales prep.
Bc 10: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Schedule, click vo biu tng u mi tn bn
cnh nt Mark on Track v sau kch vo Update Tasks.
Hp thoi Update Tasks xut hin.
Bc 11: Trong trng d liu Actual dur, g hoch chn 7d, v sau nhn OK.
Project ghi li thi hn thc hin thc t ca nhim v ny. Hy nh rng gi tr thi hn
thc hin thc t "7d" y ngha l by ngy lm vic ch khng khng phi by ngy theo lch.
Chng VII
111
Bi v bn khng ch r ngy bt u thc t, Project gi nh rng nhim v bt u

nh d kin trong k hoch tin . Tuy nhin, thi hn thc hin thc t m bn nhp vo
khin Project tnh ton ra mt ngy kt thc thc t mun hn so vi ngy kt thc d kin gc
ban u. Tng t nh vy, thi gian lm vic thc t (112 gi) l ln hn so vi thi gian lm
vic d kin ban u (80 gi).
Lu : Bn cng c th p dng tt c cc phng php theo di c ni n trong
chng ny cho cc nhim v c ch tin th cng. Bn cng c th ghi li ngy bt u,
ngy kt thc, thi hn thc hin thc t hoc thi hn thc hin cn li cho cc nhim v c ch
tin th cng.
* Nghip v qun l d n: D n ang trong theo di ?
nh gi ng hin trng ca d n c th rt kh khn. Hy xem xt cc vn sau:
- i vi rt nhiu nhim v, c th rt kh nh gi t l phn trm hon thnh ca
chng. Khi no th thit k ca mt k s v mt ng c lp rp mi hon thnh 50 phn trm
cng vic? Hoc khi no th b m ca mt lp trnh vin vit cho mt module phn mm hon
thnh 50 cng vic? Vic bo co tin trin ca cng vic, trong nhiu trng hp, l mt s n
lc v phng on v c tnh ri ro.
- Phn thi gian tri i ca thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v khng phi lc no cng
tng ng vi s lng cng vic hon thnh. V d, ban u mt nhim v c th yu cu tng
i t s n lc, nhng sau n c th yu cu s lm vic nhiu hn na khi thi gian tri i. (
Nhim v ny cn c gi l nh trc nng sau Back-loaded task). Khi thi hn thc hin
tri qua 50 phn trm nhng c khng n 50% thi gian lm vic ca n s c hon thnh.
Trong thc t, Project theo di c hai gi tr: % Complete theo di t l phn trm thi hn thc
hin ca nhim v c hon thnh, trong khi % Work Complete theo di t l phn trm
thi gian lm vic ca nhim v c hon thnh.
- Cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti mt nhim v c th c tiu ch v ci g c to thnh
khi nhim v hon thnh khc vi tiu ch c quyt nh bi ngi qun l ca d n hoc cc
ti nguyn c phn cng ti cc nhim v k nhim. Ni cch khc, cc nhm thiu mt s nh
ngha chung v vic lm.
Lp k hoch v truyn t d n tt c th gip bn trnh hoc gim thiu nhng iu ny
v cc vn khc ny sinh trong khi thc hin d n. V d, pht trin cc thi hn thc hin ca
nhim v v cc giai on bo co tnh trng thch hp s gip bn xc nh cc nhim v m
thay i ng k so vi lc ban u trc khi thc hin iu chnh. C tiu ch v s hon thnh
ca nhim v c son tho v truyn t tt s gip ngn chn nhng bt ng v sn phm to
thnh. Tuy vy, cc d n ln v phc tp hu nh s lun lun thay i so vi lc ban u.
Chng VII
112
Nng cao vic lp tin cho nhim v
Chng VIII
113
8.1. Xem mi quan h gia cc nhim v bng Task Path.

Khi tinh chnh cc mi quan h v nhim v, bn cn phi theo di cc nhim v tin nhim
m c nh hng n vic ln tin ca cc nhim v k nhim ca chng. Trong cc k hoch
phc tp, vic xc nh bng mt cc mi quan h gia nhim v tin nhim v k nhim khng
phi lc no cng d dng. iu ny c bit ng khi mt nhim v c nhiu nhim v tin nhim
hoc k nhim.
MS Project 2013 gii thiu mt tnh nng c gi l l trnh hay ng i ca nhim v
Task Path m p dng nh dng mu sc ti cc thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim v tin nhim v
nhim v k nhim ca nhim v c chn. Task Path cng c th phn bit c nhim v tin
nhim pht ng- Driving Predecessor ca mt nhim v ( l nhim v tin nhim trc tip quyt
nh hoc pht ng ngy bt u ca nhim v ) trong nhng nhim v tin nhim ca n. (
Cc nhim v tin nhim m c th b qua khng ln li tin cc nhim v k nhim ca chng
c cho l c s chng-slack, c miu t chi tit trong chng 9). Tnh nng Task Path cng
c th lm iu tng t cho cc nhim v k nhim b dn ng-Driven Successor.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, ti cuc hp nhm sp ti bn mun biu
th mt s mi quan h nhim v phc tp hn trong k hoch cun sch dnh cho tr em mi cho
cuc hp nhm sp ti.
Trong v d ny, bn s dng tnh nng Task Path xem cc nhim tin nhim v k nhim.
Bn cn n tp tin Advanced Tasks_Start trong th mc Practices/Chapter08 i km vi
cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Tasks_Start v lu n thnh file mi (save as) l Advanced
Task.
Bc 1: Di chuyn thanh cun ng nhim v 16, Proofread and index, ln trn u ca
khung nhn.
By gi bn s d dng hn khi xem kt qu ca cc hnh ng tip theo ca bn.

Bc 2: Kch vo tn ca nhim v 29, Send to color house.
Bn mun nhn bit cc nhim v tin nhim v k nhim v ca nhim v ny.
Bc 3: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Bar Styles, kch Task Path v sau kch vo
Prodecessor.
Chng VIII
114

Project p dng mt nh dng mu vng nht cho cc thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim v
tin nhim ca nhim v 29.
Nh bn c th thy trong khung nhn, nhim v 29 c mt chui cc nhim v tin nhim.

Tip theo bn s c mt ci nhn su hn v cc nhim v tin nhim m nh hng trc tip n
tin ca nhim v 29.
Bc 4: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Styles Bar, kch vo Task Path v sau kch
chn vo Driving Predecessor.
Project p dng mt nh dng mu cam sm cho cc thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim v tin
nhim pht ng ca nhim v 29.
Mt s nhim v tin nhim trc tip dn dt vic ln tin ca nhim v 29, v c gi

l nhim v tin nhim pht ng Driving Predecessor ( v d nh nhim v 24). Nhng nhim
v tin nhim khc c s ni lng v tin ( s chng-slack) gia chng vi nhim v 29 (nhim
v 27 l mt v d).
Chng VIII
115

Ngoi vic lm ni bt cc nhim v tin nhim, bn cng c th s dng Task Path lm
ni bt cc nhim v k nhim ca cc nhim v c chn.
Bc 5: Vi vic nhim v 29 vn ang c chn, vo tab Format, trong nhm lnh Bar
Styles, kch vo Task Path v sau chn Successor.
Project p dng mt nh dng mu tm nht cho cc thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim v k
nhim ca nhim v ny. Chng l nhim v 30 v 31.
By gi vic lm ni bt ca cc nhim v tin nhim, nhim v tin nhim pht ng v

nhim v k nhim ca nhim v c chn c bt. Tip theo, bn s thy nhng ni bt ny
cho cc nhim v khc.
Bc 6: Chn tn ca nhim v 22, Proof and review.
Project s p dng nh dng ni bt trn n cc thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim v tin
nhim, nhim v tin nhim pht ng v nhim v k nhim ca nhim v ny.
Chng VIII
116

kt thc v d ny, bn s phi tt cc nh dng ni bt v thay i mc zoom.
Bc 7: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Styles Bar, kch vo Task Path v sau chn
Remove Highlighting.
Bc 8: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, trong hp chn Timescale, chn Days.
Khi bn ang lm vic trong mt d n phc tp, bn c th bt cc nh dng ni bt ca
Task Path gip bn nhanh chng nhn bit bng mt cc nhim v tin nhim v k nhim. Cc
nh dng mu sc ni bt khc nhau cho cc nhim v tin nhim pht ng v nhim v k
nhim l c bit hu ch khi bn ang tp trung vo vic qun l ton b thi hn thc hin ca
mt chui cc nhim v c lin kt vi nhau.
8.2. iu chnh mi quan h lin kt cc nhim v

Bn c th nh li chng 3 rng c bn loi mi quan h gia cc nhim v c lin kt
vi nhau:
- Finish-to-start (FS): Ngy kt thc ca nhim v tin nhim quyt nh ngy bt u ca
nhim v k nhim. y l mi quan h mc nh.
- Start-to-start (SS): Ngy bt u ca nhim v tin nhim quyt nh ngy bt u ca
nhim v k nhim.
- Finish-to-finish (FF): Ngy kt thc ca nhim v tin nhim quyt nh ngy kt thc ca
nhim v k nhim.
- Start-to-finish (SF): Ngy bt u ca nhim v tin nhim quyt nh ngy kt thc ca
nhim v k nhim.
Khi bn lin kt cc nhim v trong Project, theo mc nh chng s c cung cp mt
mi quan h kiu Finish-to-start. iu ny l thch hp cho nhiu nhim v, nhng i khi rt c
th bn s thay i mt s mi quan h gia cc nhim v khi bn tinh chnh k hoch. Sau y
l mt s v d v mt s nhim v m i hi c cc mi quan h khc vi kiu Finish-to-start:
- Bn c th bt u thit lp cc trang sch ( Set pages) ngay sau khi bt u cng vic
minh ha (Illustration ) trong mt d n sch (mt mi quan h kiu Start-to-start). iu ny s
gim ton b s thi gian cn thit hon thnh hai nhim v, bi v chng c hon thnh
song song.
- Ln k hoch cng vic bin tp (Edit manuscript) cho mt cun sch c th bt u

trc khi cng vic vit bn tho (Write manuscript) c hon thnh, nhng n phi c hon
thnh trc khi vic vit bn tho c hon tt. Bn mun hai nhim v hon thnh cng mt
lc (mt mi quan h kiu Finish-to-finish).
Cc mi quan h gia cc nhim v nn phn nh trnh t m cc cng vic nn c thc

hin. Sau khi bn thit lp cc mi quan h gia cc nhim v chnh xc, bn c th tinh chnh
tin ca bn bng cch nhp khong thi gian chng ln (gi l thi gian sm-lead time) hoc
khong thi gian b tr hon (gi l thi gian tr-lag time) gia ngy kt thc hoc ngy bt u
ca cc nhim v tin nhim v k nhim.
Khi hai nhim v c mt mi quan h kiu Finish-to-start.
- Thi gian sm-Lead time khin cho nhim v k nhim bt u trc khi nhim v tin
nhim ca n kt thc.
Chng VIII
117

- Thi gian tr-Lag time khin cho nhim v k nhim bt u mt thi im no sau
khi nhim v tin nhim ca n kt thc.
Sau y l mt minh ha v ci cch m thi gian sm v tr nh hng n cc mi quan
h gia cc nhim v. Gi s rng ban u bn ln k hoch cho ba nhim v sau y c mi quan
h kiu Finish-to-start.
Nhim v 1 l Copyedit-bin tp, nhim v 2 l Author review of copyedit-Tc gi xem li

vic chnh sa bn tho.
Trc khi nhim v 2 c th bt u, bn cn phi cho php thm mt ngy na bn tho
c bin tp c th chuyn n cho tc gi. Bn khng mun thm mt ngy na cho thi hn
thc hin-Duration ca nhim v 1 bi v thc s khng c cng vic no s xy ra vo ngy hm
. Thay vo , bn nhp thi gian tr 1 ngy gia nhim v 1 v 2.
Tuy nhin, nhim v 3 c th bt u ngay khi nhim v 2 hon thnh c mt na.

thc hin iu ny, nhp thi gian sm l 50% gia nhim v 2 v 3.
Bn c th nhp thi gian sm hoc tr theo cc n v v thi gian, chng hn nh hai ngy2d, hoc theo mt t l phn trm ca thi hn thc hin ca nhim v tin nhim, chng hn nh
50%. Thi gian tr c nhp vo vi gi tr dng v thi gian sm c nhp vo vi gi tr m
(v d, -2d hoc -50%). Bn c th p dng thi gian sm hoc tr cho bt k loi no ca mi
quan h v nhim v: Finish-to-start, Start-to-start hoc bt k loi no khc.
Ni m bn c th nhp thi gian sm hoc tr bao gm c hp thoi Task Information
(tab Task), ct c nhn Predecessor trong bng nhp d liu-Entry, khung nhn Task Forrm ( tab
View, nhm lnh Split View, lnh Details) v c hp thoi Task Dependency (c th nhn thy
c bng cch kch p vo ng lin kt gia cc thanh bar Gantt).
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, cng vic chnh sa v thit k cho cun
sch thiu nhi mi c bt u. giai on ny, bn c mt k hoch ban u vi tn, thi
hn thc hin ca nhim v, cc mi quan h v nhim v v cc s phn cng ti nguyn. By
gi, bn mun tnh chnh cc mi quan h v nhim v ny.
Trong v d ny, bn nhp thi gian sm v tr v thay i cc mi quan h v nhim v
gia cc nhim v tin nhim v k nhim.
Bc 1: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Tasks, chn Inspect.
Bng iu khin Task Inspector xut hin. Bng iu khin ngn gn ny cho thy cc yu
t tin nh hng n nhim v ang c chn, chng hn nh mi quan h v nhim v vi
nhim v tin nhim, lch ti nguyn, lch nhim v hoc l mt s kt hp ca cc yu t. Bn c
th kch vo bt k mc no ang c hin th vi mu xanh da tri trong Task Inspector bit
thm chi tit v n. V d, bn c th kch vo tn ca ti nguyn c phn cng ti thuc khu
vc c nhn Calendar xem lch ti nguyn ca chng. Bn khng cn hin th bng iu khin
Task Inspector thay i cc chi tit ca nhim v, nhng n c th l mt cng c hu ch
trong mt s trng hp.
Chng VIII
118

Bc 2: Chn tn ca nhim v 31, Print and ship.
Trong bng iu khin Task Inspector, bn c th xem cc yu t tin c nh hng n
nhim v ny.
i vi nhim v 31, bn c th thy rng nhim v tin nhim ca n l nhim v 30,

Generate proofs. Bn c th nhn thy trong bng iu khin ny rng hai nhim v ny c mt
mi quan h kiu Finish-to-start vi thi gian tr l khng.
Tip theo, bn s iu chnh gi tr thi gian tr trong mi quan h v nhim v gii thch
cho khong thi gian vn chuyn bn in th ti nh in. Bi v bn khng th chnh sa trc tip
gi tr ny trong Task Inspector, nn bn s hin th hp thoi Task Information. Tuy nhin, u
tin l bn s hin th thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v ny bn c th d dng quan st cc nh
hng ca vic iu chnh thi gian tr.
Tip theo, bn s iu chnh gi tr thi gian tr gia nhim v ny vi nhim v tin nhim
ca n.
Bc 4: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch vo Information.
Hp thoi Task Information s xut hin. N cha ng cc chi tit hin v nhim v hin
ang c chn, nhim v 31.
Bc 5: Nhp vo tab Predecessor.
Bc 6: Trong trng d liu Lag ca nhim v tin nhim ca n l nhim v 30, g hoc
chn 3d, v sau nhn OK ng hp thoi Task Information.
Nhim v 31 by gi c ln tin sau khi nhim v 30 kt thc c 3 ngy ( tnh
theo ngy lm vic) s bt u.
Chng VIII
119
Tip theo, bn s iu chnh gi tr thi gian tr gia hai nhim v khc.

Bc 7: Nhp vo tn ca nhim v 10, Copyedit incorp.
Bn mun y thi gian bt u ca nhim v ny ln so vi nhim v tin nhim ca n,
tc l nhim v Copyedit incorp c th bt u trc khi nhim v author review of the copyediting
c hon thnh.
Bc 9: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch vo Information v sau nhp
vo Tab Predecessor trong hp thoi Task Information.
Lu : Bn c th s dng Shortcut Menu ca nhim v c chn cho c hai lnh: Scroll
to Task v Information. Kch chut phi ln tn ca nhim v, trong Shortcut Menu xut hin, la
chn lnh m bn mun.
Bc 10: Trong lnh d liu Lag ca nhim v tin nhim ca n l nhim v 9, g -25%,
v sau nhp OK.
Nhp thi gian tr l mt gi tr m dn n c c khong thi gian sm-lead time.
Nhim v 10 by gi c ln tin bt u ti thi im m thi hn thc hin cn li

ca nhim v 9 l 25% ( tc l thc hin 75%). Nu thi hn thc hin ca nhim v 9 thay
i, Project s ln li tin ngy bt u ca nhim v 10 n duy tr mt khong thi gian
sm l 25% so thi hn thc hin ca nhim v 9.
kt thc v d ny, bn s thay i kiu mi quan h v nhim v gia hai nhim v.
Bc 11: Kch p vo tn ca nhim v 14, Interior illustration design.
Lu : Kch p chut vo tn ca mt nhim v l mt cch gi tt hin th hp thoi
Task Information.
Tab Predecessor ang c m ra. Cng nn lu ti bng iu khin Task Inspector
cp nht hin th cc chi tit v tin i vi nhim v 14, nhim v hin ang c chn.
Chng VIII
120

Bc 12: Trn tab Predecessor, kch vo trng d liu thuc ct Type ca nhim v tin
nhim ca n l nhim v 13 ( ang th hin l Finish-to-Start). La chn Start-to-Start (SS), v
nhn nt OK.
Project thay i mi quan h v nhim v gia nhim v 13 v 14 thnh Start-to-start.
iu chnh kiu loi ca mi quan h gia cc nhim v v nhp thi gian sm hoc tr
mt cch thch hp l cc k thut tuyt vi tinh chnh cc mi quan h v nhim v bn c
c kt qu nh mong mun. Tuy nhin, Project khng th t ng thc hin cc iu chnh v
tin nh vy cho bn. L mt ngi qun l ca d n, bn phi phn tch cc trnh t v cc
mi quan h ca cc nhim v ca bn v s dng sc phn on tt nht ca bn khi thc hin
cc iu chnh nh th.
8.3. Thit lp cc rng buc ca nhim v

Mi nhim v m bn nhp vo trong Project u c mt s kiu rng buc p dng ti n.
Mt s rng buc quyt nh mc m nhim v c th ln tin li. C ba nhm rng buc:
- Rng buc linh hot: Project c th thay i ngy bt u v kt thc ca mt nhim v.
Loi rng buc mc nh trong Project l nhim v bt u cng sm cng tt. Loi rng buc
ny c gi l As Soon As Possible hoc l ASAP cho ngn. Trong rng buc linh hot khng c
ngy b rng buc. Project khng hin th bt k ch th c bit no trong ct ch s ID cho cc
nhim v c rng buc linh hot.
- Rng buc khng linh hot: Mt nhim v phi bt u hoc kt thc vo mt ngy nht
nh. V d, bn c th ch nh mt nhim v phi kt thc vo ngy 13/11/2015. Rng buc
khng linh hot i khi c gi l rng buc cng. Khi mt rng buc khng linh hot c p
dng cho mt nhim v, Project s hin th mt ch th c bit trong ct ch s ID. Bn c th di
chuyn con tr chut n ch th v cc chi tit ca rng buc khng linh hot s xut hin trong
mt ScreenTip.
- Rng buc bn linh hot: Mt nhim v c mt gii hn v ngy bt u hay kt thc. Tuy
nhin, trong phm vi gii hn , Project c s linh hot v tin thay i ngy bt u hoc
kt thc ca mt nhim v. V d, chng ta c mt nhim v phi hon thnh chm nht l ngy
19/6/2015. Tuy nhin l nhim v ny c th hon thnh trc ngy ny. Rng buc bn linh hot
i khi c gi l rng buc mm hoc rng buc va phi. Khi mt rng buc bn linh hot
c p dng cho mt nhim v, Project s hin th mt ch th c bit trong cc ct ch th ID.
Tng cng c 8 loi rng buc cho nhim v:
Nhm rng buc
Loi rng buc ngha
Linh hot
As Soon As
Project s ln tin mt nhim v n xy ra cng sm
Possible (ASAP) cng tt. y l loi rng buc mc nh c p dng cho tt
c cc nhim v mi khi d n ca bn c thit lp t ngy
bt u ( xem chng II). Khng c ngy b rng buc cho loi
rng buc ASAP.
Chng VIII
121

Project s ln tin cho mt nhim v xy ra cng mun
As Late As
Possible (ALAP) cng tt. y l loi rng buc mc nh p dng cho tt c cc
nhim v mi khi d n ca bn c thit lp t ngy kt thc.
Khng c ngy b rng buc cho loi rng buc ALAP.
Bn linh hot
Start No Earlier
Than (SNET)
Project s ln tin mt nhim v n bt u vo sau

hoc vo ng ci ngy b rng buc m bn ch nh. S
dng loi rng buc ny m bo rng nhim v s khng
c ln tin bt u trc mt ngy c th.
Start No Later
Than (SNLT)
Project s ln tin mt nhim v n bt u vo trc

c ln tin bt u sau mt ngy c th.
Finish No Earlier Project s ln tin mt nhim v n kt thc vo sau

Than (FNET)
c ln tin kt thc trc mt ngy c th.
Khng linh hot
Finish No Later
Than (FNLT)
Project s ln tin mt nhim v n kt thc vo trc

c ln tin kt thc sau mt ngy c th.
Must Start On
(MSO)
Project s ln tin mt nhim v bt u vo ng ci

ngy b rng buc m bn ch nh. S dng loi rng buc ny
m bo rng mt nhim v s bt u vo mt ngy chnh
xc.
Must Finish On
(MFO)
Project s ln tin mt nhim v kt thc vo ng ci

ngy b rng buc m bn ch nh. S dng loi rng buc ny
m bo rng mt nhim v s kt thc vo mt ngy chnh
xc.
Ba nhm rng buc trn c cc nh hng rt khc nhau ti vic ln tin ca cc nhim
v:
- Rng buc linh hot: Chng hn nh As Soon As Possible (ASAP), cho php cc nhim
v c ln tin m khng chu bt c rng buc no khc ngoi mi quan h gia nhim v
tin nhim v k nhim ca chng, v ci ngy bt u ca d n (i vi rng buc nhim v loi
ASAP) hoc ngy kt thc ca d n (i vi rng buc nhim v loi As Late As Possible hay
ALAP ). Khng c ngy bt u hoc kt thc c nh c p t cho nhm rng buc ny. S
dng cc loi rng buc thuc nhm ny bt c khi no c th.
ASAP
Trong v d ny, nhim v A v B c lin kt vi nhau v nhim v B c p dng loi

rng buc ASAP. Khi thi hn thc hin ca nhim v A co li hoc dn ra th ngy bt u nhim
v ca B c iu chnh t ng cho ph hp.
- Rng buc bn linh hot: Chng hn nh Start No Earlier Than (hoc SNET) hoc Start
No Later Than ( hoc SNLT) gii hn vic ln li tin ca mt nhim v trong mt phm vi gii
hn v ngy m bn ch nh.
Chng VIII
122

Ngy gii hn
SNET
y, nhim v A v B c lin kt vi nhau v nhim v B c p dng mt rng buc

SNET vi ngy gii hn c thit lp l Day4. Nu thi hn thc hin ca nhim v A gim,
ngy bt u ca nhim v B khng b nh hng. Tuy nhin, nu thi thc hin ca nhim v A
ko di thm th Project t ng iu chnh ngy bt u ca nhim v B.
- Rng buc khng linh hot: Chng hn nh Must Start On (MSO), ngn chn vic ln li
tin ca mt nhim v. Ch s dng cc loi rng buc thuc nhm ny khi tht s cn thit.
MSO
Trong v d ny, nhim v A v B c lin kt vi nhau v nhim v B c p dng mt

rng buc MSO vi ngy c thit lp l Day4. Nu thi hn thc hin ca nhim v A gim
hoc tng ln th ngy bt u ca nhim v B vn khng b nh hng.
Lu : Khi lm vic vi mt nhim v c ch tin l th cng, bn khng th thay i
loi rng buc hoc thit lp mt ngy b rng buc cho n. Nguyn nhn l do Project khng ln
tin cho cc nhim v c ch tin th cng, do cc rng buc khng c hiu lc.
bit thm thng tin v cc nhim v c ch tin th cng v cc nhim v c ch tin
t ng, xem trong chng 3.
Loi rng buc m bn p dng cho cc nhim v trong cc d n ca bn ph thuc vo
iu bn cn trong Project. Bn nn s dng rng buc khng linh hot ch khi ngy bt u hoc
kt thc ca mt nhim v b c nh bi cc yu t ngoi tm kim sot ca i ng qun l d
n. V d v cc nhim v nh vy bao gm: Bn giao ti cc khch hng v kt thc mt giai
on ti tr. i vi cc nhim v m khng c cc gii hn nh vy th bn nn s dng rng
buc linh hot. Rng buc linh hot cung cp s t do quyt nh nht trong vic iu chnh ngy
bt u v kt thc, v chng cho php Project iu chnh cc ngy ny nu k hoch ca bn
thay i. V d, nu bn s dng rng buc ASAP, v khi thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v tin
nhim thay i t bn ngy xung cn hai ngy, Project s iu chnh ngy bt u v kt thc
ca tt c cc nhim v k nhim ca n ln trc 2 ngy. Tuy nhin, nu mt nhim v k nhim
c p dng mt rng buc khng linh hot th Project c th khng iu chnh ngy bt bt u
hoc kt thc ca nhim v .
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, mt nhim v trong k hoch ra mt cun
sch thiu nhi mi khng th bt u sm nh bn d kin. Tad Orman, tc gi cun sch cho
tr em, cn c v chnh sa cun sch ca mnh mt cng on no trong qu trnh thit k.
Cng vic ny c gii thch trong nhim v 16, Proofread and index. Tuy nhin, Tad
thng bo vi bn rng do lch trnh i li ca anh y nn anh ta s khng th bt u cng vic
trc ngy 17/7- ngy ny mun hn so vi ngy c ln tin .
Chng VIII
123

Trong v d ny, bn p dng mt loi rng buc v mt ngy b rng buc ti mt nhim
v.
Bc 1: Chn tn ca nhim v 16, Proofread and index.
Bc 2: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Editing, kch Scroll to task.
Lu : chn mt nhim v mt cch nhanh chng, thm ch l bn khng th thy nhim
v trong khung nhn hin ti, nhn Ctrl + G, v trong trng d liu ID ca hp thoi Go To,
nhp s ID ca nhim v cn tm v sau nhn OK.
Lu ti ngy bt u hin ang c ln tin ca nhim v ny l 15/07/15. Ngy ny

cn c iu chnh.
Bc 4: Trong hp thoi Task Information, bm vo tab Advanced.
Bc 5: Trong hp chn c nhn Constraint Type, chn Start No Earlier Than.
Bc 6: Trong hp nhp c nhn Constraint Date, g hoc chn 17/07/15.
Bc 7: Nhn OK.
Project s p dng loi rng buc Start No Earlier Than ti nhim v ny, v mt biu
tng rng buc xut hin trong ct ch th ID. Bn c th di chuyn con tr chut n biu tng
xem chi tit v rng buc trong mt ScreenTip.
Chng VIII
124
Do s rng buc ny nh hng n vic ln tin ca nhim v nn bng iu khin Task

Inspector by gi bao gm c cc chi tit v rng buc.
Nhim v 16 c ln li tin bt u vo ngy 17/07/15 thay v 15/07/15. Tt c cc
nhim ph m ph thuc vo nhim v 16 cng s c ln li tin . Mt cch thy s ln
li tin ny l c s lm ni bt s thay i bng mu xanh da tri nht c Project p dng
cho cc trng d liu thuc ct Start v Finish ca cc nhim v k nhim ca nhim v 16. Bi
v thi hn thc hin ca nhim v khi qut 1st Pages review v Design and Production cng
thay i do vic p dng rng buc SNET ti nhim v 16 nn cc trng d liu Start v Finish
ca cc nhim v khi qut ny cng c lm ni bt. Vic lm ni bt cc trng d liu b thay
i bng mu xanh da tri vn c nhn thy cho n khi bn thc hin mt hnh ng chnh sa
khc hoc lu tp tin d n, v n l mt cch thc hiu qu v th gic nhn thy cc nh hng
su rng ca cc hnh ng c th ca bn trong k hoch ca bn.
Bc 8: Nhp vo nt Close (nt "X" gc trn cng bn phi) trn bng iu khin Task
Inspector ng n.
Di y l mt vi iu khc cn lu khi p dng cc rng buc ti cc nhim v:
- Nhp mt ngy kt thc ( v d, trong ct c nhn Finish) cho mt nhim v p dng
rng buc Finish No Earlier Than cho nhim v .
- Nhp mt ngy bt u (v d, trong ct c nhn Start ) cho mt nhim v hoc trc tip
ko mt thanh bar Gantt trn biu Gantt p dng rng buc Start No Earlier Than cho nhim
v .
- Trong nhiu trng hp, nhp mt ngy hn cht- deadline l mt la chn thch hp hn
vic nhp mt rng buc bn linh hot hoc rng buc khng linh hot. Bn s lm vic vi
deadline trong Chng 9.
- Tr khi bn ch nh mt thi gian lm vic khc, cn khng Project s s dng gi tr
Default Start Time hoc Default Finish Time trong tab Schedule ca hp thoi Project Options
ln tin thi gian bt u hoc kt thc lm vic trong ngy ca ngy rng buc ( m hp
thoi ny, vo tab File chn Options). Trong d n ny ( ca file v d m bn ang m) thi gian
bt u lm vic mc nh l 8 A.M. Nu bn mun c mt nhim v b rng buc c ln tin
bt u vo mt thi im khc th hy nhp thi gian vo cng vi ngy bt u. V d,
nu bn mun ln tin mt nhim v n bt u vo lc 10 A.M ngy 16/07/2015 th nhp
16/7/15 10AM vo trong trng d liu Start.
- g b mt rng buc, u tin l chn mt nhim v hoc nhiu nhim v, trn tab
Task, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Information. Trong hp thoi Task Information, bm
vo tab Advanced. Trong hp chn c nhn Constraint Type, chn As Soon As Possible hoc As
Late As Possible (nu d n ln tin t ngy kt thc).
- Nu bn phi p dng rng buc bn linh hot hoc khng linh hot bn cnh cc mi quan
h v nhim v th bn c th to ra mt ci g c gi l s ni lng ( hay chng) tiu ccChng VIII
125

Negative slack. V d, gi s bn c mt nhim v k nhim c mt mi quan h kiu Finish-toStart vi nhim v tin nhim ca n. Nu bn nhp mt rng buc loi Must Start On cho nhim
v k nhim vi ngy b rng buc sm hn ngy kt thc ca nhim v tin nhim, vic ny cho
ra kt qu l s ni lng tiu cc v mt s xung t v vic ln tin . Theo mc nh, ngy b
rng buc p dng cho nhim v k nhim s khng m xa n mi quan h v nhim v. Tuy
nhin, nu thch th bn c th thit lp Project cao mi quan h ph thuc hn s rng buc.
Trn tab File, chn Options. Trong hp thoi Project Options, nhp vo tab Schedule. B tch
chn trn hp kim c nhn Tasks Will Always Honor Their Constraint Dates.
- Nu bn phi ln tin mt d n bt u t ngy kt thc thay v t ngy bt u th mt
s hnh vi ca rng buc thay i. V d, loi rng buc As Late As Possible ch khng phi loi
As Soon As Possible tr thnh rng buc mc nh cho cc nhim v mi to ra. Bn nn lun theo
di cc rng buc khi ln tin ca d n t ngy kt thc m bo rng chng to ra cc kt
qu m bn d nh.
8.4. Gin on s lm vic trong nhim v

Ban u, khi ln k hoch cc nhim v cho d n, bn c th bit rng s lm vic trong
mt s nhim v nht nh s b gin on. Thay v lit k nhim v thnh hai ln gii thch
cho s gin on c bit n khi thc hin, th bn c th chia tch-split nhim v thnh hai
hoc nhiu phn on. Sau y l mt s l do ti sao m bn c th mun chia tch mt nhim
v:
- Bn lng trc c mt s gin on trong nhim v. V d, nh my l ni m mt nhim
v phi c thc hin s khng dng na chng cho n khi nhim v c hon thnh.
- Mt nhim v bt ng b gin on. Sau khi mt nhim v c thc hin, mt ti nguyn
c th phi ngng lm vic trong nhim v bi v c nhim v khc c u tin hn. Sau khi
nhim v th hai c hon thnh, ti nguyn c th tip tc lm vic li trong nhim v u tin.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn bit c rng s lm vic trong
mt nhim v trong k hoch d n cun sch thiu nhi mi s b gin on. Bn mun gii thch
iu ny trong k hoch bng cch ghi li s gin on, l ni m s khng lm vic nn c ln
tin nhng vn gi thi gian lm vic c phn cng n nhim v khng b thay i.
Trong v d ny, bn chia tch mt nhim v gii thch cho mt s gin on v s lm
vic trong nhim v .
Bc 1: Chn tn ca nhim v 3, Content edit.
Bn c bit rng s lm vic trong nhim v ny s b gin on trong ba ngy, bt
u t Th 2 ngy 13 thng 4.
Bc 3: Trn tab Task, ti nhm lnh Schedule, kch Split Task (n trng ging nh mt
thanh bar Gantt b t gy).
Mt ScreenTip xut hin, v biu tng ca con tr chut thay i.
Bc 4: Di chuyn con tr chut ln thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v 3.
ScreenTip ny l rt cn thit chia tch mt cch chnh xc mt nhim v bi v n cha
ng ngy m bn s bt u phn on th hai ca nhim v nu bn kch v ko con tr chut
t v tr hin ti ca n trn thanh bar Gantt. Khi bn di chuyn con tr chut dc theo thanh bar
Gantt, bn s thy ngy bt u thay i trong ScreenTip.
Bc 5: Di chuyn (nhng khng kch ) con tr chut dc trn thanh bar Gantt ca nhim
v 3 cho n khi ngy bt u d kin ( c nhn l Scheduled Start ) l Th 2 ngy 13 thng 4 xut
hin trong ScreenTip.
Chng VIII
126
Bc 6: Kch v ko con tr chut sang phi cho n khi nhn Task Start xut hin trong
ScreenTip l Th 5 ngy 16 thng 4, v sau nh chut.
Project chn mt on chia tch nhim v (Task Split), th hin trong phn biu Gantt
l mt ng nt chm nm gia hai phn on ca nhim v 3.
Lu : Chia tch cc nhim v bng chut c th mt mt cht luyn tp thnh thc.

Trong bc 6, sau khi chia tch xong nhim v 3 vi phn on thc hin th hai bt u t ngy
16 thng 4 nh trn, nu bn khng mun ngy bt u ca phn on 2 nh vy th bn ch cn
di chuyn con tr chut ti phn on th hai mt ln na. Khi con tr chut thay i thnh mt
hnh c bn u mi tn th kch v ko phn on ny c c ngy bt u khc.
Di y l mt vi iu khc cn lu khi chia tch nhim v:
- Bn c th chia tch mt nhim v thnh nhiu phn on.
- Bn c th ko mt phn on ca mt nhim v c chia tch sang tri hoc phi
ln li tin s chia tch.
- ni li hai phn on ca mt nhim v c chia tch, ko mt trong hai phn on
ca nhim v cho n khi n chm vo phn on cn li.
- Thi hn thc hin ca on chia tch nhim v (Task Split), i din bi ng nt
chm, khng c tnh vo thi hn thc hin ca nhim v. Khng c s lm vic no xy ra
trong on chia tch ny.
- Nu thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v c chia tch thay i th phn on cui cng
ca nhim v ny s tng hoc gim chiu di.
- Nu mt nhim v c chia tch c ln li tin (v d, nu ngy bt u ca n
thay i), th ton b nhim v b ln li tin . Nhim v vn gi nguyn gi tr thi hn thc
hin ca cc phn on v on chia tch.
- Cn i ti nguyn hoc p dng bng tay ng bin thi gian lm vic cho s phn
cng ti nguyn c th khin cc nhim v b chia tch. Bn s tm hiu v p dng ng bin
thi gian lm vic chng 10, v cn i ti nguyn trong chng 11.
- Nu bn khng mun hin th cc on chia tch nhim v l ng nt chm, bn c th
n cc ng nt chm ny. Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Format, kch Layout. Trong hp
thoi Layout, g b du chn trong hp kim Show bar splits.
Chng VIII
127
8.5. iu chnh thi gian lm vic ca cc nhim v ring l

C th vo lc no bn mun mt nhim v c th xy ra vo khong thi gian m khc
vi thi gian lm vic ca lch d n-Project Calendar. Hoc c l bn mun mt nhim v xy
ra ti mt thi im bn ngoi thi gian lm vic ca ti nguyn, c quyt nh bi lch ti
nguyn-Resource Calendar. thc hin c iu ny, bn p dng mt lch nhim v-Task
Calendar ti cc nhim v nh vy. Cng nh i vi lch d n, bn ch nh mt trong cc lch
c s s dng lm mt lch nhim v. Sau y l mt s v d khi bn c th cn mt lch nhim
v:
- Bn ang s dng lch c s Standard vi thi gian lm vic bnh thng trong ngy l t
08:00 sng ti 5:00 chiu lm lch d n ca bn, v bn c mt nhim v m phi thc hin qua
m.
- Bn c mt nhim v m n phi xy ra vo mt ngy c th trong tun.
- Bn c mt nhim v m n phi xy ra trong mt ngy ngh cui tun.
Khng ging nh cc ti nguyn, Project khng to ra cc lch nhim v khi bn to ra
nhim v. (Nu bn cn xem li lch ti nguyn trong chng 4). Khi bn cn mt lch nhim v,
bn phn cng mt lch c s ti nhim v. Lch c s ny c th l mt trong s cc lch c s
c Project cung cp hoc l mt lch c s lch mi m bn to ra cho nhim v. V d, nu
bn gn lch c s 24 Hours ti mt nhim v, Project s ln tin nhim v lm vic 24
gi/ngy thay v thi gian lm vic c ch r trong lch d n.
i vi nhim v m c c lch nhim v ln s phn cng ti nguyn, Project s ln tin
lm vic trong sut khong thi gian lm vic chung ( hoc trng lp) gia lch nhim v v lch
ti nguyn. Nu khng c khong thi gian lm vic chung, Project s thng bo khi bn p dng
lch nhim v hoc phn cng mt ti nguyn n nhim v.
Khi bn p dng mt lch nhim v cho mt nhim v, bn c th chn cch b qua cc lch
ti nguyn cho tt c cc ti nguyn phn cng ti nhim v. Lm nh vy khin Project ln
tin cho cc ti nguyn lm vic trong nhim v theo lch nhim v m khng theo lch ti
nguyn ring ca chng (v d, lm vic 24 gi mi ngy).
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn cn phi ghi li rng mt nhim v
trong d n cun sch thiu nhi mi c khong thi gian lm vic hn ch hn so vi cc nhim
v cn li. K hoch d n ny bao gm mt nhim v l bn giao bn in cui cng ti mt cng
ty dch v thit lp mu, ni chun b vic in thng mi cun sch. Tuy nhin, cng ty ny ch
bt u vic trong cc hp ng mi t ngy th Hai n th T.
Trong v d ny, bn to mt lch c s mi v p dng n ti mt nhim v vi t cch l
mt lch nhim v.
Hp thoi Change Working Time s xut hin.
Bc 2: Trong hp thoi Change Time Working, nhn vo nt Create New Calendar.
Hp thoi Create New Base Calendar xut hin.
Bc 3: Trong hp nhp c nhn Name, g Monday-Wednesday.
Bc 4: Hy chc chn rng ty chn Make a copy of c chn v Standard c chn
trong danh sch th xung ca hp chn bn cnh.
Chng VIII
128

Bc 5: Nhn OK.
Lu : K hoch ( file v d) ny s dng lch c s Standard lm lch d n. Mt li ch
ca vic to ra mt lch mi bng cch sao chp li lch c s Standard l tt c cc trng hp
ngoi l v ngy lm vic trong lch Standard, chng hn nh ngy l quc gia m bn nhp
trc , cng s xut hin trong lch mi. Tuy nhin l bt k s thay i no sau ny c
thc hin cho mt trong s chng u khng nh hng n lch cn li.
Lu rng by gi Monday-Wednesday s xut hin trong hp chn c nhn For calendar.
Bc 6: Trong hp thoi Change Working Time, nhp vo tab Work Weeks.
Bc tip theo, bn s nhp cc chi tit v thi gian lm vic cho lch mi ny.
Bc 7: Hy chc chn rng gi tr [Default] trong trng d liu thuc ct c nhn Name
v hng th nht c chn, v sau nhp vo nt Details.
Bc 8: Trong hp chn c nhn Select day(s) la chn th Nm (Thurday) v th Su
(Friday), nh nhn phm Ctrl khi la chn chn c nhiu ngy.
y l nhng ngy m bn mun thay i thnh ngy khng lm vic trong lch ny.
Bc 9: Chn ty chn Set day to nonworking time.
Bc 10: Nhn OK ng hp thoi Details, v sau nhn nt OK mt ln na ng

hp thoi Change Working Time.
By gi bn to ra lch Monday-Wednesday, v bn sn sng p dng n cho mt
nhim v.
Bc 11: Chn tn ca nhim v 29, Send to color house.
Hin nay, nhim v ny ang c d kin tin s bt u vo ngy Th 5 ngy 3 thng
9.
Bc 13: Nhp vo tab Advanced.
Bn c th nhn thy l trong hp chn c nhn Calendar, Project mc nh cho tt c cc
nhim v l None.
Bc 14: Trong hp chn Calendar, chn Monday-Wednesday trong danh sch cc lch c
s c sn.
Chng VIII
129
Bc 15: Nhn OK ng hp thoi.

Project s p dng lch Monday-Wednesday ti nhim v 29. Lch nhim v ny khin cho
Project ln li tin ca nhim v sang ngy sn sng lm vic, c th l ngy th hai ca tun
tip theo. Mt biu tng lch xut hin trong ct ch th ID nhc nh bn rng nhim v ny
c mt lch nhim v c p dng ti n.
Bc 16: Di chuyn con tr chut n biu tng lch.
Mt ScreenTip xut hin, hin th cc chi tit v lch ny. Bi v lch m bn p dng cho
nhim v ny c ty chnh nn n s khng ln tin lm vic trong nhim v vo ngy
th nm hoc th su hoc vo cc ngy cui tun.
8.6. Kim sot vic ln tin ca nhim v bng loi ca nhim v

Bn c th nh li chng 5 rng Project s dng cng thc sau y, c gi l cng
thc tin -Scheduling formular tnh ton thi gian lm vic ca mt nhim v:
Thi hn thc hin-Duration Lng phn cng-Assignment Units = Thi gian lm vicWork
y, lng phn cng Unit thng c th hin l mt t l phn trm. Cng nn nh
rng mt nhim v c c thi gian lm vic-Work khi c t nht c mt ti nguyn lm vic
(ngi hoc thit b) c phn cng ti n. Mi tr s trong cng thc tin tng ng vi mt
loi ca nhim v. Mt loi ca nhim v xc nh tr s no trong ba tr s ca cng thc tin
vn c nh cn hai tr s kia thay i.
Loi mc nh ca nhim v l lng phn cng c c nh-fixed units: Nu bn thay i
thi hn thc hin ca nhim v, Project s tnh ton li thi gian lm vic. Tng t nh vy,
nu bn thay i thi gian lm vic ca mt nhim v, Project s tnh ton li thi hn thc hin.
Trong c hai trng hp, gi tr ca lng phn cng khng b nh hng.
Hai loi khc ca nhim v l thi hn thc hin c c nh fixed duration v thi gian
lm vic c c nh- fixed work. i vi cc loi nhim v ny, Project s dng mt trng d
Chng VIII
130

liu theo pha thi gian gi l lng phn cng theo hnh chp-peak units khi p ng li cc thay
i v tin .
i vi nhim v thuc loi fixed work:
- Bn c th thay i gi tr ca lng phn cng, Project s tnh ton li thi hn thc hin.
- Bn c th thay i gi tr ca thi hn thc hin v Project s tnh ton li lng phn
cng theo hnh chp cho tng giai on thi gian. Gi tr ca lng phn cng khng b nh hng.
Lu : Bn khng th tt n lc nh hng tin -Effort driven ca mt nhim v thuc
loi fixed work. Nu bn cn xem li n lc nh hng tin trong chng 5.
i vi nhim v thuc loi fixed duration:
- Bn c th thay i gi tr ca lng phn cng v Project s tnh ton li thi gian lm
vic.
- Bn c th thay i gi tr ca thi gian lm vic v Project s tnh ton li lng phn
cng theo hnh chp cho tng giai on thi gian. Gi tr ca lng phn cng khng b nh hng.
Project cng theo di cc gi tr cao nht ca lng phn cng theo hnh chp i vi tng
s phn cng. Gi tr ny c lu tr trong trng d liu Peak, c gii thch sau trong chng
ny.
Lu : Bn khng th thay i loi ca nhim v ca nhim v c ch tin th cng,
v nh hng ca loi ca nhim v trong vic ln tin ca mt nhim v nh m t trn
ch duy nht p dng cho nhim v c ch tin t ng. Nu bn cn xem li cc nhim v
c ch tin th cng th xem trong chng 3.
xem loi ca nhim v ca nhim v c chn, trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh
Properties, kch Information. Sau , trong hp thoi Task Information, bm vo tab Advanced.
Bn cng c th xem loi nhim v ca nhim v trong khung nhn Task Form ( Khi ang trong
khung nhn Gantt Chart, bn c th hin th khung nhn Task Form bng cch nhn vo Details
trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View). Bn c th thay i loi ca mt nhim v bt c lc
no. Lu rng s biu th cho mt loi nhim v l fixed-c nh khng c ngha l cc gi tr
ca n l thi hn thc hin hoc lng phn cng hoc thi gian lm vic ca n l khng th b
thay i. Bn c th thay i bt k gi tr no cho bt k loi no ca nhim v.
u l loi nhim v ng p dng cho mi nhim v ca bn? iu ph thuc vo
cch thc m bn mun Project ln tin cho nhim v . Bng sau y tm tt cc nh hng
ca vic thay i bt k gi tr no i vi bt k loi no ca nhim v. Bn c n nh mt bng
lin hp.
Bn c th thay i
Duration
Nu loi
ca nhim
v l..
Work
Fixed duration
Work
Work
Peak
Fixed units
Work
Duration
Fixed work
Peak
Duration
Duratio
n
Duratio
n
sau
Project s
tnh ton
li
* Lng phn cng-Assignment Units, lng phn cng theo hnh chp-Peak Units,
lng phn cng cao nht-Peak, v cng thc tin
Trong cc phin bn trc ca MS Project, gi tr ban u ca lng phn cng ca mt
ti nguyn s thay i l iu c th, v iu ny dn n cc kt qu khng mong i i vi
cng thc tin . Hnh vi ny bt u thay i t MS Project 2010. Project by gi ang theo
Chng VIII
131

di c gi tr ca lng phn cng v mt gi tr c tnh ton gi l lng phn cng cao nht
Peak (hoc, khi xem trong li pha thi gian l lng phn cng theo hnh chp peak units).
Project s dng gi tr ca lng phn cng khi lc ban u ln tin hoc sau ln li
tin mt nhim v, nhng n s dng lng phn cng theo hnh chp -Peak Units khi bo co
gi tr lng phn cng theo hnh chp cao nht ca mt ti nguyn. y l mt v d. Nu ban
u bn phn cng mt ti nguyn vi lng phn cng l 100% cho mt nhim v c thi hn
thc hin l 1 ngy v loi ca nhim v l fixed units, Project s dng gi tr tnh ton lc
ban u thi gian lm vic l 8 gi. Tuy nhin, nu sau bn ghi li rng thi gian lm vic thc
t l 10 gi cho nhim v , i vi cc phin bn trc phin bn MS Project 2010 s tnh ton
li lng phn cng l 125% gi cho cng thc tin c chnh xc. Nu sau bn thm
vo thi gian lm vic nhiu hn na hoc thay i thi hn thc hin ca nhim v th Project
s ln tin nhim v bng cch s dng gi tr lng phn cng l 125% v c l khng phi
l kt qu m bn mun. Tuy nhin, MS Project 2010 v cc phin bn sau ny, s ghi li gi tr
peak l 125%, v ri sau nu bn thm thi gian lm vic hoc thay i thi hn thc hin ca
nhim v, Project s s dng gi tr lng phn cng gc ban u l 100% ch khng phi l gi
tr Peak l 125% ln li tin cho nhim v.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn c gng iu chnh thi gian lm vic
v cc chi tit ca s phn cng ca mt s nhim v trong k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi
nhng khng nhn c kt qu nh mong mun. Sau khi c bit cch thc iu chnh loi ca
nhim v, bn quyt nh th li mt ln na.
Trong v d ny, bn thay i loi ca mt nhim v v mt s gi tr trong cng thc tin
, v bn nhn thy kt qu nh hng ln cc nhim v.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task View, kch vo Task Usage.
Bc 2: Trong ct Task Name, chn tn ca nhim v 8, Copyedit.
Project s hin th cc chi tit v tin v s phn cng i vi nhim v 8, Copyedit.

Khung nhn Task Usage nhm cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti bn di mi nhim v
v cho bn nhn thy, gia nhng th khc, l thi hn thc hin v thi gian lm vic ca tng
nhim v-y l hai trong ba tr s ca cng thc tin .
Bc 4: Nu cn thit, ko thanh chia ng khung nhn sang bn phi nhn thy c ct
Finish.
Tip theo, bn s thm hai ct vo bng Usage bn c th nhn lng phn cng ( tr s
cn li trong cng thc tin ) v cc gi tr peak. Bn khng cn phi sa i khung nhn ny
mi khi bn mun s dng n, nhng i vi mc ch ca chng ta by gi th y l mt cch
tt nht minh ha s nh hng ca vic thay i loi ca nhim v v cc gi tr ca cng thc
tin .
Bc 5: Kch vo tiu ct Start, v sau , trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Column,
kch Insert Column.
Mt danh sch cc trng d liu xut hin.
Bc 6: Kch Assignment Units.
Chng VIII
132

Bc 7: Kch vo tiu ct Start, v sau , trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Column,
kch Insert Column.
Bc 8: Kch Peak.
Project chn ct Assignment Units v Peak vo pha bn tri ca ct Start. Peak l gi tr
lng phn cng theo hnh chp cao nht ca ti nguyn ti bt k thi im no trong sut thi
hn thc hin ca s phn cng.
Bn c th thy rng nhim v 8 c tng s thi gian lm vic l 240 gi, gi tr ca lng
phn cng ti nguyn l 200%, v thi hn thc hin l 15 ngy. Tip theo, bn s thay i thi
hn thc hin ca nhim v ny quan st cc nh hng ln trn cc gi tr khc.
Sau mt cuc tho lun gia hai bin tp v vic ai s thc hin cng vic chnh sa bn
tho, bn ng rng thi hn thc hin ca nhim v nn tng ln v thi gian lm vic hng
ngy ca ti nguyn ny trong nhim v s gim mt cch tng ng.
Bc 9: Trong trng d liu Duration ca nhim v 8, g hoc chn 20d, v nhn phm
Enter.
Project s thay i thi hn thc hin ca nhim v ny thnh 20 ngy v lm tng thi gian
lm vic ln n 320 gi. Lu ti vic lm ni bt s thay i bng mu xanh da tri nht
c p dng cho cc gi tr thuc ct Work v Duration. Bn tng thi gian hn thc hin v
cng mun tng s thi gian lm vic vn gi nguyn nh c, v vy bn s s dng nt hnh
ng-Action iu chnh kt qu ca thi hn thc hin mi ca nhim v.
Bc 10: Kch vo nt Action trong trng d liu Duration ca nhim v 8.
Xem xt cc ty chn trn danh sch hin ra.
Bi v loi ca nhim v 8 l fixed units (loi mc nh ca nhim v) nn s la chn mc

nh ca Action l tng thi gian lm vic khi thi hn thc hin tng. Tuy nhin, bn mun gi
tng s thi gian lm vic nh lc ban u v gim thi gian lm vic hng ngy ca ti nguyn
c phn cng ti trong nhim v.
Bc 11: Trn danh sch Actions, kch Decrease the hours resources work per day (units)
but keep the same amount of work.
Gi tr thuc ct Assignment units v Peak gim cn 150%, v tng s thi gian lm vic
vn gi nguyn khng b thay i l 240 gi. bn phi ca khung nhn Task Usage, bn c th
thy rng thi gian lm vic c ln tin cho tng ngy gim t 16 gi xung 12 gi.
Chng VIII
133
Tip theo, bn s thay i loi ca mt nhim v v sau iu chnh thi gian lm vic
trong mt nhim v khc.
Bc 12: Chn tn ca nhim v 24, Final review.
Project hin th cc gi tr thi gian lm vic cho nhim v 24.
Bc 14: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Information.
Bc 15: Kch vo tab Advanced.
Nhim v c chn miu t vic xem xt cui cng cc chnh sa bn tho trc khi in ca
cun sch mi. Nh bn c th nhn thy trong hp chn c nhn Task Type, nhim v ny c loi
mc nh l fixed units. Nhim v c ln tin trong bn ngy. Bi v chnh sch ca Lucerne
Publishing l cho php c bn ngy lm vic i vi cc nhim v xem xt nh ny nn bn s
thay i nhim v ny l mt nhim v thuc loi fixed durarion.
Bc 16: Trong hp chn c nhn Task Type, chn Fixed Duration.
Bc 17: Kch OK ng hp thoi Task Information.
Vic thay i loi ca nhim v khng to ra bt k s thay i ngay lp tc no ti tin
ca nhim v. Tip theo, bn s thm thi gian lm vic cho nhim v v quan st s nh
hng.
Bc 18: Trong trng d liu thuc ct Work ca nhim v 24, final review, g hoch chn
120h, v sau nhn phm Enter.
Bi v y l mt nhim v thuc loi fixed duration v bn thm thi gian lm vic nn

Project iu chnh gi tr Peak ln ti 125%; iu ny th hin mt s phn b vt mc c .
bn phi ca khung nhn Task Usage, bn c th thy rng cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti
nhim v 24 by gi c ln tin lm vic 10 gi mi ngy cho phn ln cc ngy c phn
cng trong nhim v ny. Tuy nhin, gi tr ca lng phn cng gc ban u 100% ca tng
ngi vn gi nguyn khng b nh hng.
Khi bn tinh chnh k hoch ca bn trong Project, c th mt s lc bn thy vic iu
chnh nhanh s phn ng ca Project vi vic thay i tin thng qua nt Action l . Vo
cc lc khc, bn c th s thay i mt cch c loi ca mt nhim v kim sot cch thc
m Project s x l vic ln tin ca n mt cch ph hp hn.
Chng VIII
134

* Loi ca nhim v v n lc nh hng tin 200
Nhiu ngi hiu sai v loi ca nhim v v n lc nh hng tin (effort-driven) v
kt lun rng hai vn ny c mi lin quan mt thit hn nhng g chng th hin. C hai thit
lp ny u c th nh hng n vic ln tin ca bn. Trong khi nh hng ca loi ca
nhim v p dng bt c khi no bn chnh sa thi gian lm vic, thi hn thc hin hoc lng
phn cng, th n lc nh hng tin nh hng n vic ln tin ca bn ch khi bn ang
phn cng hoc g b cc ti nguyn ra khi cc nhim v. bit thm thng tin v n lc nh
hng tin , xem li Chng 5.
Chng VIII
135
Tinh chnh cc chi tit ca nhim v
Chng IX
136

Trong chng ny, bn tip tc i su vo cc tnh nng qun l nhim v m bn bt u
t trong chng trc. Chng ny tp trung vo cc tnh nng c th m bn c th p dng cho
cc nhim v ring l, bao gm cc ngy hn cht v cc chi ph c nh. Ngoi ra, bn s thit
lp mt nhim v nh k v quan st l trnh then cht ca mt d n.
9.1. Nhp ngy hn cht.

Nhp vo mt ngy hn cht- deadline cho mt nhim v khin cho Project hin th mt
ch th hn cht trong phn biu ca khung nhn biu Gantt. Nu ngy kt thc ca nhim
v di chuyn vt qu ngy hn cht ca n, Project s hin th mt ch th ngy hn cht b
vt qua trong trng d liu ch th ID ca nhim v .
Tnh nng ngy hn cht c th gip bn trnh c mt sai lm thng gp ca nhng
ngi mi s dng Project: t kiu rng buc bn linh hot hoc khng linh hot ti qu nhiu
nhim v trong k hoch d n ca bn. Nhng kiu rng buc nh vy gii hn rt nhiu n kh
nng linh hot ca vic ln tin ca bn.
Tuy nhin, nu bn bit rng mt nhim v c th phi c hon thnh mt ngy nht
nh no , vy ti sao khng nhp loi rng buc Must Finish On cho n? V y l l do: Gi
s bn c mt nhim v vi thi hn thc hin d kin l nm ngy v bn mun hon thnh vo
ngy 17 Thng T, v hm nay l ngy 06 Thng T. Nu bn thit lp rng buc Must Finish On
cho nhim v v nhp ngy b rng buc l ngy 17 thng 4, Proejct s di chuyn nhim v n
thc s s kt thc vo ngy 17 thng 4.
Di chuyn chut ti ch th rng buc
hin th cc chi tit v s rng buc.
Nhim v ny c rng buc Must Finish On, v th Project ln tin n

hon thnh vo mt mt ngy c th nhng khng sm hn
Thm ch nu nhim v c th hon thnh sm hn thi im , Project vn s khng ln

li tin n bt u sm hn. Trong thc t, vi cch p dng rng buc nh trn c th bn
tng s ri ro cho nhim v ny. Nu nhim v ny b tr hon cho d ch mt ngy bi mt l
do no (chng hn mt ti nguyn c yu cu b m) th nhim v s b b l ngy hon
thnh c d kin ca n.
Mt phng php tt hn ln tin cho nhim v ny l s dng rng buc mc nh
As Soon As Possible v sau nhp vo mt ngy hn cht l ngy 17 thng 4. Mt thi hn cht
l mt gi tr ngy thng m bn nhp vo cho mt nhim v ch th rng l ngy cui cng
m bn mun nhim v c hon thnh, nhng ngy hn cht li khng tri buc vic ln tin
ca nhim v.
Ch th ngy hn cht xut hin trong phn
biu Gantt.
Vi rng buc As Soon As Possible c p dng, nhim v

bt u sm hn. V c mt khong thi gian trng nm gia
ngy hon thnh v ngy hn cht ca n
By gi nhim v c s linh hot nht v vic ln tin . N cng c th c hon

thnh trc thi hn cht ca n, iu ty thuc vo s sn sng lm vic ca ti nguyn, cc
nhim v tin nhim, v bt c vn khc v vic ln tin c p dng.
Chng IX
137

Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, nh xut bn by t lo ngi rng cc
nhim v thuc giai on Acquisition trong k hoch ra mt cun sch thiu nhi mi khng nn
trt qua mt ngy nht nh no . Bn mun nh du-flag ngy ny m khng hn ch tnh
linh hot ca vic ln tin ca bn trong k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn nhp vo ngy hn cht cho mt nhim v.
Bn cn n tp tin Fine Tuning Tasks_Start trong th mc Practices/Chapter09 i km vi
cun sch ny. M tp tin Fine Tuning Taks_Start v lu n thnh file mi (save as) l Fine Tuning
Tasks.
Bc 1: Trong ct Task Name, chn tn ca nhim v 5, Handoff to Editorial.
Nhim v ny l mt nhim v ct mc quan trng nh du s kt thc giai on
Acquisition ca d n cun sch mi. Bn mun chc chn rng giai on Acquisition kt thc vo
cui thng 5, do bn s nhp vo mt ngy hn cht cho nhim v ct mc ny.
Bc 3: Nhp vo tab Advanced.
Bc 4: Trong hp chn c nhn Deadline, g hoc chn 29/5/15, v sau nhn OK.
Project s hin th mt ch th ngy hn cht trong phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt
Chart.
Ch th ngy hn cht
By gi bn c th c mt ci nhn lt qua v cch kt thc cui giai on Acquisition,

khi ngy kt thc theo tin hin ti ca n s chm ti hoc vt qua ngy hn chn ca n.
Nu ngy hon thnh theo tin ca giai on Acquisition vt qua ngy 29 thng 5 th Project
s hin th mt ch th vt qua ngy hn cht trong ct ch th ID.
Nhp mt ngy hn cht khng gy nh hng n vic ln tin ca nhim v khi qut
hoc nhim v con. Tuy nhin, mt ngy hn cht s khin Project cnh bo cho bn nu ngy
hon thnh theo tin ca mt nhim v vt qu ngy hn cht ca n-Khi Project s hin
th mt biu tng du chm than mu trong ct ch th ID.
Di y l mt s iu khc c lin quan n ngy hn cht:
- Bn c th chn trc tip trng d liu Deadline vo bng nhp d liu trong khung nhn
biu Gantt. Kch vo bt k tiu ca mt ct no , v sau trn tab Format, trong nhm
lnh Column, kch Insert Column. V sau chn Deadline.
- Bn c th thay i mt ngy hn cht hin c bng cch kch v ko ch th thi hn cht
trong phn biu ca khung nhn biu Gantt.
- g b mt ngy hn cht khi mt nhim v, xa ni dung trong trng d liu thuc
hp chn c nhn Deadline trong tab Advanced ca hp thoi Task Information.
Chng IX
138
9.2. Nhp chi ph c nh.

i vi cc d n m trong bn phi theo di ngn sch hoc cc chi ph ti chnh, bn
c th cn phi lm vic vi nhiu ngun chi ph khc nhau. Chng bao gm cc chi ph c lin
quan n cc ti nguyn, cng nh cc chi ph c lin quan trc tip n mt nhim v c th.
i vi nhiu d n, cc chi ph ti chnh c ngun gc ch yu t chi ph c lin quan ti
cc ti nguyn cng vic, chng hn nh con ngi v thit b, hoc ti ti nguyn nguyn vt liu.
qun l cc chi ph ca cc loi chi ph tng t nhau m bn mun theo di cc knh ph tng
hp (v d chi ph du lch trong nhiu d n) th Project cung cp cc ti nguyn chi ph. Nu bn
cn xem li ti nguyn chi ph, xem li Chng 4.
Tuy nhin, bn c th i khi mun gn kt mt chi ph no ti mt nhim v m chi ph
khng lin quan n cc ti nguyn hoc s lm vic v n cng l mt th g m bn mun
tng hp li trong ton d n. Projecr gi chi ph ny chi ph c nh-fixed cost, v n c p
dng cho tng nhim v. Mt chi ph c nh l mt lng tin c th c d tho cho mt nhim
v. N vn gi nguyn nh c cho d bt c ti nguyn no c phn cng ti nhim v. Sau
y l nhng v d v cc chi ph c nh trong cc d n:
- Thm chi ph lp t, chi ph trng nom vo chi ph thu mi ngy ca mt thit b my
mc.
- xin giy php xy dng
Nu bn phn cng cc ti nguyn lm vic vi cc mc lng trung bnh, phn cng cc ti
nguyn chi ph, hoc thm cc chi ph c nh cho mt nhim v, Project gp tt c chng vo
cng vi nhau xc nh tng chi ph ca nhim v. Nu bn khng nhp thng tin v chi ph
ca ti nguyn vo trong k hoch (c l do bn khng bit cc ti nguyn cng vic c tr
lng bao nhiu?) th bn c th vn c c mt s s kim sot v tng chi ph ca d n bng
cch nhp cc chi ph c nh cho tng nhim v.
Bn c th nh r khi no th chi ph c nh nn c tnh vo chi ph tch lu ca d n
nh sau:
- Start-Bt u: Ton b chi ph c nh c ln tin t lc bt u ca nhim v. Khi
bn theo di s tin trin, ton b chi ph c nh ca nhim v s do d n gnh chu ngay khi
nhim v bt u.
- Finish-Kt thc: Ton b chi ph c nh c ln tin vo lc cui cng ca nhim v.
Khi bn theo di s tin trin, ton b chi ph c nh ca nhim v s do d n gnh chu ch sau
khi nhim v c hon thnh.
- Prorated-tnh theo t l: (Phng php tnh chi ph tch ly mc nh) Chi ph c nh c
phn b u theo thi hn thc hin ca nhim v. Khi bn theo di s tin trin, d n phi gnh
chu chi ph ny ca nhim v theo t l phn trm hon thnh ca nhim v. V d, nu mt nhim
v c chi ph c nh l 100 la, v nhim v hon thnh c 75% th d n s phi gnh chu
chi ph c nh l 75 la (100$ x 75%=75 $) i vi nhim v .
Khi bn ln k hoch mt d n, phng php tnh chi ph tch ly m bn chn cho chi ph
c nh quyt nh cc chi ph ny c ln tin theo thi gian nh th no. iu ny c th l
quan trng trong cc yu cu v ngn sch d ton v dng tin. Theo mc nh, Project s dng
phng php tnh chi ph tch ly theo t l Prorated cho cc chi ph c nh, nhng bn c th
thay i iu ph hp vi thng l nghip v k ton ca c quan bn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn c bit rng vic to ra khun
cho bn in cng ty dch v in mu c gi 500$. V nh xut bn Lucerne c mt khon n tn
dng cng ty ny, nhng bo co ti chnh (L v li) ca d n ra mt cun sch mi c
chnh xc, bn mun tnh tch lu chi ph ny khi cc cng ty dch v in mu hon thnh nhim
v.
Chng IX
139

Trong v d ny, bn phn cng mt chi ph c nh ti mt nhim v v ch r phng php
tnh chi ph tch ly cho n.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch Other Views v sau kch vo
Task Sheet.
Khung nhn Task Sheet xut hin.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables, v sau nhp vo Cost.
Bng nhp chi ph Cost xut hin, thay th cho bng nhp d liu Entry.
Bc 3: Trong trng d liu Fixed Cost cho nhim v 30, Generate proofts, g 500, v sau
bm phm Tab.
Bc 4: Trong trng d liu Fixed Cost Accrual, la chn End, v nhn phm Tab.
By gi Project s tnh tch lu chi ph $ 500 cho nhim v Generate proofts vo ngy kt
thc ca nhim v ny. Chi ph c nh ny l c lp vi thi hn thc hin ca nhim v v vi
bt k chi ph no ca cc ti nguyn m bn c th phn cng ti nhim v .
9.3. Thit lp nhim v nh k.

Rt nhiu d n yu cu mt s nhim v m lp i lp li nhiu ln, chng hn nh vic
tham d cc cuc hp v tnh hnh ca d n, hoc to v in n cc bo co v tnh hnh ca d
n, hoc vn hnh cc kim sot v cht lng. Mc d vic ln tin ca cc s kin nh vy
rt hay b l i, nhng bn nn xem xt vic k khai chng trong k hoch ca bn. Ngoi ra, cc
cuc hp v tnh hnh d n v cc s kin tng t nh vy gin tip khin d n i hi thm
thi gian t cc ti nguyn, v thm ch cc s kin nh vy lm mt i thi gian lm vic trong
cc s phn cng khc ca ti nguyn.
tr gip vic k khai cc s kin lp i lp li nh trn vo trong k hoch ca bn, bn
to ra nhim v nh k- Recurring Task. Ngay ci tn ca n cho thy nhim v nh k l
mt nhim v c lp i lp li mt tn sut nht nh nh l hng ngy, hng tun, hng thng,
hoc hng nm. Khi bn to mt nhim v nh k, Project s to ra mt chui cc nhim v c
loi rng buc l Start No Earlier, v tnh nng n lc nh hng tin -effort-driven b tt i v
cc nhim v khng c cc mi quan h gia chng.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, d n cun sch thiu nhi mi i hi mt
cuc hp hng tun v tnh hnh ca d n, thnh phn chi bao gm mt s cc ti nguyn lm
vic trong . Bn mun cuc hp tnh hnh nh k ny hin th trong k hoch ca bn.
Trong v d ny, bn to mt nhim v nh k xy ra hng tun.
Bc 2: Chn tn ca nhim v 1, Acquisition.
Chng IX
140

Bn s chn nhim v nh k ln pha trn u ca giai on u tin ca k hoch ny, bi
v n s xy ra trong tt c cc giai on ca k hoch.
Bc 3: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Insert, kch vo biu tng u mi tn bn di
nt Task v sau kch vo Recurring Task.
Hp thoi Recurring Task Information xut hin.
Bc 4: Trong hp nhp c nhn Task Name, g Editorial staff meeting.
Bc 5: Trong hp nhp c nhn Duration, g 1h.
Bc 6: Bn di khu vc c nhn Recurrence pattern, m bo rng ty chn Weekly c
chn, v sau tch chn vo hp kim trc nhn Monday.
Tip theo, bn s ch nh ngy xy ra u tin ca n. Theo mc nh, l ngy bt u
ca d n. Tuy nhin, bn mun cc cuc hp hng tun v tnh hnh d n s bt u vo tun
sau .
Bc 7: Trong hp nhp c nhn Start thuc khu vc Range of reccurrence, g hoc chn
13/4/15.
Tip theo, bn s ch nh ngy kt thc. Bn s ln k hoch cho cuc hp ca nhn vin
ny tip din cho n khi d n t n giai on Design And Production. Trong khung nhn Gantt
Chart, bn c th thy rng theo tin hin ti th ngy bt u ca giai on l ngy 06 thng
By, v vy bn s s dng ngy by gi. Bn lun lun c th cp nht cc thit lp ny cho
cc nhim v nh k khi thy cn thit.
Bc 8: Trong hp nhp c nhn End by thuc khu vc Range of reccurrence, g hoc chn
06/7/15.
Bc 9: Nhn OK to ra nhim v nh k.
Project chn nhim v nh k ny. Ban u, nhim v nh k ny c bung ra. Mt biu
tng v nhim v nh k xut hin trong ct ch th ID. Mi ln xy ra ca nhim v nh k
u c nh theo cc s lin tc (Nu bn mun xc minh iu ny, m rng ct Task Name,
hoc di chuyn chut ti tn ca nhim v v lu ti ni dung trong ScreenTip).
Bc 10: xem ln xy ra u tin ca thanh bar Gantt ca cuc hp nh k, trn tab
Task, trong nhm lnh Editing, kch Scroll To Task.
Chng IX
141

y l ch th ca nhim v nh k
Mi thanh bar Gantt i din cho mt ln

xy ra c th ca nhim v nh k
Tip theo, bn s phn cng cc ti nguyn ti nhim v nh k ny.

Bc 11: Chc chn rng nhim v 1, Editorial staff meeting ang c chn, v sau ,
trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Assignments, kch Resources Assign.
Bc 12: Trong hp thoi Assign Resources, kch Carole Poland. Sau trong khi gi
phm Ctrl kch vo Hany Morcos v Jun Cao.
Bc 13: Nhn nt Assign, v sau nhn nt Close.
Hp thoi Assign Resources ng li v Project phn cng cc ti nguyn c chn
cho mi ln xy ra ca nhim v nh k.
Tip theo bn s thu (collapse) nhim v nh k ny li n cc ln xy ra ca n.

Bc 14: Kch vo u mi tn expand/collapse (bung ra/thu li) bn cnh tn ca nhim
v nh k Editorial staff meeting.
Di y l mt vi iu cn lu khi to ra cc nhim v nh k:
- Theo mc nh, Project ln tin nhim v nh k bt u theo thi gian bt u lm
vic trong ngy mc nh ca d n. (Click vo File, chn Options, v sau kch vo Schedule).
Trong tp tin d n ny th thi gian bt u lm vic trong ngy l vo lc 8 A.M. Nu bn mun
ln tin mt nhim v nh k bt u lm vic vo mt thi gian khc th hy nhp thi
gian cng vi ngy bt u xy ra ca nhim v nh k trong hp nhp c nhn Start thuc
khu vc Range of reccurrence ca hp thoi Recurring Task Information. V d, nu bn mun
Chng IX
142

cuc hp nh k ca cc nhn vin s bt u vo lc 10 A.M, bn hy nhp 13/4/15 10 AM trong
hp nhp c nhn Start.
- Nh i vi nhim v khi qut, thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v nh k ko di t
ngy bt u xy ra sm nht cho n ngy kt thc mun nht trong cc ln xy ra ca nhim v
nh k.
- Bn c th thit lp mt nhim v nh k s kt thc hoc l sau s ln xy ra c th
no hoc vo mt ngy no m bn ch nh. Nu bn ln tin mt nhim v nh k
n kt thc vo mt ngy c th th Project s ngh n ngy kt thc hin ti ca d n.
Nu bn s dng trong ngy ny, v chc chn th hy thay i n bng tay nu sau ny d n
thay i ngy kt thc.
- Nu bn mun phn cng cc ti nguyn ging nhau ti tt c cc ln xy ra ca mt nhim
v nh k th hy phn cng cc ti nguyn ti cc nhim v nh k bng hp thoi Assign
Resources. Nu nhp tn ca cc ti nguyn trong trng d liu Resource Name thuc bng nhp
d liu Entry ca khung nhn Gantt Chart cho nhim nh k khi qut th cc ti nguyn ny ch
c phn cng ti nhim v nh k khi qut m khng phn cng ti tng ln xy ra ca nhim
v nh k.
9.4. Quan st l trnh then cht ca d n.

Mt l trnh then cht-Critical path l mt chui cc nhim v m nu bt k nhim v no
thuc chng b chm tr th s dn n ngy kt thc ca d n b ko di ra. T then cht-Critical
trong ng cnh ny khng ni ln mc quan trng v cng vic ca cc nhim v ny i vi
ton b d n. N ch cp n vic ln tin ca cc nhim v ny s nh hng nh th no
n ngy kt thc ca d n v tuy nhin th ngy kt thc ca d n l rt quan trng trong hu
ht cc d n. Nu bn mun rt ngn thi hn thc hin ca mt d n c c ngy kt thc
sm hn th bn phi bt u bng vic cch rt ngn l trnh then cht.
Trong vng i ca mt d n, l trnh then cht ca d n c kh nng thay i bt c lc
no khi cc nhim v c hon thnh trc hoc sau so vi tin d kin. Tin thay i,
chng hn s thay i cc mi quan h v nhim v hoc thi hn thc hin, cng c th bin i
l trnh then cht. Sau khi mt nhim v thuc l trnh then cht c hon thnh, n khng cn
l quan trng na bi v n khng th nh hng n ngy kt thc ca d n. Trong Chng 15
bn s lm vic vi mt lot cc k thut dng rt ngn thi hn thc hin tng th ca d n.
Cha kha hiu l trnh then cht l phi hiu v thi gian chng -slack, hay cn c gi
l thi gian tri ni-float. C hai loi thi gian chng: t do v ton b. Thi gian chng t do l
s lng thi gian mt nhim v c th b tr hon trc khi n lm chm nhim v khc. Thi
gian chng ton b l s lng thi gian mt nhim v c th b tr hon trc khi n lm chm
vic hon thnh ca d n.
Mt nhim v s thuc l tnh then cht nu thi gian chng ton b ca n l t hn mt
lng thi gian c mc nh no hoc n c thi hn thc hin l 0 ngy. Ngc li, nhng
nhim v khng thuc l trnh then cht c u mt thi gian chng t do, c ngha l chng c
th bt u hoc kt thc l sm hoc l mun hn trong thi gian khong thi gian chng ca
chng m khng nh hng n ngy hon thnh d n.
Lu : Tnh nng Task Path ni n trong chng 8 dng phn bit cc mi quan h
v nhim v tin nhim v k nhim ca nhim v c chn. Ngc li, l trnh then cht p
dng cho chui cc nhim v c lin kt vi nhau bt k no trong mt k hoch m n dn
dt ngy kt thc ca d n.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thng xuyn nhn c cu hi khi
no th d n cun sch thiu nhi mi s c hon thnh ?. Bn c th nhanh chng nhn thy
tng thi gian thc hin v ngy kt thc ca d n ny trong Projcet, nhng i khi bn cn th
hin cho cc bn lin quan thy l trnh then cht ca d n bi v chui cc nhim v dn dt
Chng IX
143

thi hn thc hin ca d n. Mt cch nhn thy l trnh then cht l chuyn sang sang khung
nhn Detail Gantt.
Trong v d ny, bn quan st l trnh then cht ca d n.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch vo biu tng u mi tn bn
di nt lnh Gantt Chart v sau kch vo More Views.
Bc 2: Trong hp thoi More Views, chn Detail Gantt, v sau nhn nt Apply.
K hoch d n ny s c th hin trong khung nhn Detail Gantt.
Bc 3: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, kch Entire Project.
Do tnh cht tun t cao trong cc mi quan h v nhim v trong k hoch ny, hu nh l
cc nhim v u thuc l trnh then cht, v trong khung nhn Detail Gantt, cc thanh bar Gantt
ca chng u c nh dng bng mu .
Ch thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v 41, Review with author. Thanh bar Gantt mu xanh da
tri i din cho thi hn thc hin ca nhim v ny. ng gch chn mng v s ngy bn
cnh n i din cho thi gian chng t do ca nhim v ny. Nh bn c th thy, nhim v c
th ny c thi gian chng t do v do n l mt nhim v khng thuc l trnh then cht.
di nt lnh Gantt Chart v sau kch vo Gantt Chart.
Lm vic vi l trnh then cht l cch quan trng nht qun l thi hn thc hin tng
th ca d n. Trong nhng chng sau, bn s thc hin nhng iu chnh m c th ko di thi
hn thc hin ca d n. Kim tra l trnh then cht ca d n, v khi cn thit th rt ngn thi
gian thc hin tng th ca d n l nhng k nng qun l d n quan trng.
Di y l mt vi iu khc cn lu khi lm vic vi l trnh then cht:
- Theo mc nh, Project xc nh mt nhim v thuc l trnh then cht nu n khng c
thi gian chng ton b. Tuy nhin, bn c th thay i lng thi gian chng ton b cn thit
cho mt nhim v n c coi l thuc l trnh then cht. V d, bn mun thm cc nhim v
c nh hng n ngy hon thnh ca d n mt hoc hai ngy vo l trnh then cht. Trn tab
File, chn Options, trong hp thoi Project Options chn Advanced. Trong hp nhp c nhn
Tasks Are Critical If Slack Is Less Than Or Equal To bn di khu vc Calculation options of this
Chng IX
144

project nhp s ngy bn mun. Cng trong phn ny, bn c th chn hin th nhiu l trnh
then cht i vi tng mng li lin kt c lp ca cc nhim v.
- Project t ng tnh ton li l trnh then cht ca k hoch p ng li cc thay i v
tin ngay c khi bn khng hin th n.
- Bn nhn thy thi gian chng t do c th hin trong phn biu ca khung nhn
Detail Gantt v bn cng c th thy cc gi tr ca thi gian chng t do (ct Free Slack ) v thi
gian chng ton b ( ct Total Slack) trong bng Schedule. Bn c th p dng bng Schedule cho
bt c khung nhn kiu biu Gantt hoc Task Sheet ( Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data,
kch Tables v sau kch vo Schedule).
- Bn c th p dng trc tip nh dng ca nhim v thuc l trnh then cht v thi gian
chng trong bt c khung nhn kiu biu Gantt. Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Bar Styles,
tch chn vo hp kim trc nhn Critical Tasks and Slack.
- V y l mt cch khc bn c th xc nh cc nhim v thuc l trnh then cht. Trn
tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, chn Critical trong hp chn Highlight hoc hp Filter.
Lu : tm hiu thm v l trnh then cht, hy nhp vo nt Help ( n c biu tng
hnh du hi) gc trn bn phi ca ca s Project, v trong hp nhp Search, g Critical path.
9.5. Ln tin cho nhim v khi qut bng th cng

Trong chng 3 bn lm vic vi cc nhim v khi qut v nhim v con. Nh li rng
hnh vi mc nh ca Project l t ng tnh ton thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v khi qut
l khong thi gian gia ngy bt u sm nht v ngy kt thc mun nht trong cc nhim v
con ca n. V l do ny, Project thit lp cc nhim v khi qut c ch tin t ng, thi
hn thc hin ca n c t ng nh ot bi cc nhim v con ca n, khng m xa ti vic
cc nhim v con ca n c ch tin l th cng hay t ng (hoc l s kt hp ca c hai).
Tuy nhin, c th c mt s ln no bn li mun nhp trc tip mt gi tr thi hn thc
hin cho mt nhim v khi qut m gi tr ny khng ph thuc vo thi hn thc hin c tnh
ton n c nh ot bi cc nhim v con c trong n. V d, bn c th ch nh 60 ngy lm
vic ti mt nhim v khi qut i din cho mt giai on cng vic v so snh thi hn thc
hin vi thi hn thc hin tnh ton c nh ot bi cc nhim v con ca n (thi hn
thc hin ca chng, cc mi quan h v nhim v v cc yu t khc). iu ny c bit ng
trong thi im lp k hoch ban u ca mt d n, khi bn c th cn phi tnh n khong thi
gian chnh lch gia thi hn thc hin ca mt giai on lm vic c th c v thi hn thc hin
c nh ot bi cc nhim v con ca n.
May mn thay, bn c th nhp bt c thi hn thc hin no m bn mun cho mt nhim
v khi qut. Khi bn lm nh vy, Project chuyn nhim v khi qut t ch tin t ng
sang ch th cng, v phn nh c thi hn thc hin c t ng tnh ton v thi hn thc
hin c nhp vo bng tay l cc phn ring bit ca thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v khi qut.
Nu nhim v khi qut l mt nhim v tin nhim ca nhim v khc, Project s ln li tin
ca nhim v k nhim da trn thi hn thc hin c nhp vo bng tay, khng phi thi hn
thc hin c t ng tnh ton.
Thit lp mt thi hn thc hin bng th cng cho mt nhim v khi qut l mt cch tt
p dng mt s tp trung kiu t trn xung di ti (top-down) cho mt k hoch. V d, Bn
c th a thi gian trng-slack hoc thi gian m-buffer vo mt giai on lm vic bng cch
nhp bng tay mt thi hn thc hin cho nhim v khi qut (i din cho giai on lm vic )
v thi hn thc hin ny phi di hn so vi thi hn thc hin c tnh ton ca n. Ngc li,
bn cng c th nhp bng tay mt thi hn thc hin mong mun v thi hn ngn hn so vi
thi hn thc hin d kin ca mt nhim v khi qut.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, nh xut bn thch thc i ng thc
hin d n t mc tiu ch cn 30 ngy lm vic cho giai on Editorial ca d n cun sch thiu
nhi mi. giai on ny, nh xut bn khng cp ti mt ngy hon thnh c th v vy vic
Chng IX
145

p dng mt ngy hn cht khng phi l la chn tt nht ca bn. Thay vo , bn s nhp
bng tay mt thi hn thc hin cho nhim v khi qut Editorial v sau so snh vi thi hn
thc hin vi thi hn c t ng tnh ton bi Project.
Trong v d ny, bn nhp bng tay cc thi hn thc hin cho mt s nhim v khi qut.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Outline, v sau kch vo Level 1.
Project s n tt c cc nhim v con v nhim v khi qut cp thp lng bn trong, cho
php bn d dng tp trung hn vo cc nhim v cp cao nht ( cp 1) trong k hoch.
Lu rng cc biu tng hnh tam gic Bung ra/thu li bn cnh tn ca cc nhim v
khi qut s thay i hng v mu sc ch ra rng cc nhim v con c n. Trong khung
nhn ny, bn c th d dng xem v so snh cc thi hn thc hin ca cc nhim v khi qut
ring r.
Tip theo, bn s nhp bng tay mt s thi hn thc hin. Bn s bt u vi giai on
Editorial, giai on m bn mun hon tt trong vng 30 ngy lm vic.
Bc 3: Kch vo biu tng hnh tam giac bung ra/thu li bn cnh tn ca nhim v 20,
nhim v khi qut Editorial.
By gi, vi cc nhim v con trong nhim v khi qut ny ang c hin th, bn s d
dng quan st s nh hng ca vic nhp bng tay mt thi hn thc hin cho nhim v khi qut
.
Bc 4: Trong trng d liu Duration ca nhim v khi qut 20, Editorial, g 30d v nhn
phm Enter.
Nhim v khi qut c ch tin bng th cng s hin th hai thanh bar
k khai c hai thi hn thc hin t ng tnh ton v nhp th cng
Project ghi li thi hn thc hin m bn nhp bng tay ca bn v thc hin mt s iu
chnh ti tin nh sau:
- Nhim v khi qut c chuyn t ch tin t ng (ch mc nh cho nhim v
khi qut) sang ch tin th cng. Lu ti biu tng ci inh ghim (Pin) trong ct Task
Mode, n phn nh trng thi v ch tin ca nhim v.
Chng IX
146

- Project v hai thanh bar cho nhim v khi qut. Thanh bar trn i din cho thi hn
thc hin nhp bng tay, v thanh bar di i din cho thi hng thc hin c t ng tnh
ton.
- Project v mt ng ln sng mu bn di ngy kt thc mi (ct Finish) ra du
hiu rng y l mt s xung t mnh v vic ln tin .
- Project ln li tin cho tt c cc nhim v k nhim ca nhim v 20 da trn thi hn
thc hin c nhp vo bng tay ca n.
Lu rng mt s nhim v con by gi vt qu ngy kt thc theo tin hin ti ca
nhim v khi qut ca chng. Thi gian thm ny i din cho s lng thi gian m k hoch
hin ti vt qu thi hn thc hin mong mun 30 ngy cho giai on Editorial.
Nhn vo bng tin c cp nht, bn quyt nh tip theo bn s cho php thm mt
cht thi gian cho giai on Color prep and printing. lm nh vy, bn s nhp vo bng tay
mt thi hn thc hin cho mt nhim v khi qut v thi hn thc hin ny ln hn so vi thi
hn thc hin c t ng tnh ton ca n.
Bc 5: Kch vo biu tng hnh tam giac bung ra/thu li bn cnh tn ca nhim v 42,
nhim v khi qut Color prep and printing.
Bc 6: Trong trng d liu Duration ca nhim v 42, g 50d v nhn Enter.
Project ghi li thi hn thc hin c nhp bng tay ca bn, chuyn ch ca nhim v
khi qut sang ch th cng v v li thanh bar Gantt ca n.
y, bn c th thy rng ngy kt thc ca nhim v khi qut 42 by gi vt qu

ngy kt thc ca nhim v con ca n mt s ngy. Nhng ngy thm ny i din cho s khc
bit gia thi hn thc hin c ln tin ca nhim v khi qut 42 so vi thi hn thc
hin m bn nhp vo bng tay. Khong thi gian ny thc s l thi gian m-buffer ( hay thi
gian trng slack) m bn thm cho nhim v khi qut ny.
Lu : Khi bn nhp vo bng tay mt thi hn thc hin cho mt nhim v khi qut, bn
c th thy n hu ch khi so snh thi hn thc hin nhp bng tay ny v ngy kt thc mi vi
thi hn thc hin v ngy kt thc t ng tnh ton c nh ot bi cc nhim v con ca
nhim v khi qut. xem cc gi tr tin c t ng tnh ton, bn c th thm cc trng
d liu Scheduled Duration, Schedule Start v Schedule Finish trong bng Entry. Bn cng c th
di chuyn con tr chut ti thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v khi qut trong phn biu ca khung
nhn kiu biu Gantt. Mt ScreenTip s xut hin bao gm nhng gi tr ny v khc na.
kt thc v d ny, bn s iu chnh cc thit lp hin th xem tt c cc nhim v
con.
Bc 7: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo Outline, v sau kch All Subtasks.
Project s bung danh sch nhim v ra hin th tt c cc nhim v con.
Chng IX
147
Tinh chnh ti nguyn v cc chi tit

v s phn cng
Chng X
148

Bi v cc ti nguyn lm vic (con ngi v thit b) thng l phn t tin nht ca mt
d n nn s hiu bit v cch thc lm th no tn dng tt nht thi gian ca cc ti nguyn
"l mt k nng quan trng trong vic ln k hoch cho d n. Trong chng ny, bn s dng
mt lot cc tnh nng tin tin ca Microsoft Project 2013 lin quan n cc ti nguyn, l s
sn sng dng, cc s phn cng ti nhim v v cc chi ph kt qu. Ngi s dng Project
bn Professional cng s dng khung nhn Team Planner qun l cc s phn cng v ti
nguyn.
10.1. Thit lp s sn sng lm vic ca ti nguyn p dng cho cc thi

im khc nhau.
Mt trong cc gi tr m Project lu tr cho mi ti nguyn lm vic l gi tr lng phn
cng ti a. l kh nng ti a ca mt ti nguyn hon thnh cc nhim v. Cc thit lp
v thi gian lm vic ca mt ti nguyn ( c ghi li trong trong lch ti nguyn c nhn ) quyt
nh khi no th cng vic c phn cng ti mt ti nguyn c th c ln tin . Tuy
nhin, kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn ( gi tr lng phn cng ti a ca ti nguyn ) quyt
nh phm vi m ti nguyn c th lm vic trong nhng thi gian m khng tr nn b phn
cng vt mc. Gi tr lng phn cng ti a ca mt ti nguyn khng ngn chn mt ti nguyn
khi b phn cng vt mc, nhng Project s cho bit khi no th cc s phn cng ca ti nguyn
vt qu kh nng lm vic ti a ca ti nguyn. Bn c th ch nh r cc gi tr v lng
phn cng ti a khc nhau p dng ti cc giai on khc nhau cho mt ti nguyn.
Lu : Nu bn cn tm hiu li v kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn v lch ti nguyn,
quay tr li chng 4.
Thit lp s sn sng dng ca mt ti nguyn theo thi gian cho php bn kim sot
chnh xc gi tr lng phn cng ti a ca mt ti nguyn ti bt c thi im no. V d, bn
c th c hai th k ta son (copyeditor) sn sng lm vic cho tm tun u tin ca d n, c
ba th k ta son cho su tun tip theo v sau ch cn hai cho nhng tun cn li ca d n.
Hoc bn c th c mt ngi th sp ch (compositor), ngi thng sn sng mc 100 phn
trm cng sut lm vic gim xung ch cn 50 phn trm cng sut i vi su tun, v sau
tr li cng sut lm vic y .
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn c m bo thm kh nng lm
vic v chnh sa bn tho cho mt phn thi hn thc hin ca k hoch cun sch mi. Bn cn
ghi li iu ny trong k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn ty chnh s sn sng lm vic ca mt ti nguyn theo thi gian.
Bn cn cc tp tin Advanced Resources_Start nm trong th mc Practises/Chapter 10 i
km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Resources_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc c tn
l Advanced Resources.
Khung nhn Resource Sheet xut hin.
Chng X
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Nh bn c th nh li t chng 4, y l mt trong nhng khung nhn m bn c th xem
v chnh sa cc gi tr v lng phn cng ti a ca ti nguyn. Cc gi tr v lng phn cng
ti a c hin th y thng p dng cho ton b thi hn thc hin ca d n. Tip theo,
bn s ty chnh gi tr lng phn cng sut ti a ca mt ti nguyn n thay i ti nhng
thi im khc nhau trong d n ny.
Bc 2: Trong ct Resource Name, kch vo tn ca ti nguyn 3, Copyeditors.
Ti nguyn Copyeditors nhm th k ta son khng phi l mt ngi c th; n m t
mt ngnh ngh m nhiu ngi c th m nhim ti nhng thi im khc nhau trong ton b
thi hn thc hin ca d n. Khng ging nh cc ti nguyn c t tn ring nh Hany Morcos
hoc Color Setting Services, cc th k ta son-Copyeditor c th hon i cho nhau. L mt
ngi qun l ca d n, bn ang quan tm nhiu n k nng c th ca h trong vai tr cng
vic hn vic nhng ngi c th ny l ai.
Bc 3: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch vo Information.
Lu : Mt cch khc hin th hp thoi Resource Information l kch chut phi vo
tn ti nguyn v trong Shortcut Menu xut hin, kch vo Information.
Hp thoi Resource Information s xut hin. Nu tab General khng hin th, kch vo
n.
Bn mong mun c hai th k ta son-copyeditor sn sng lm vic trong d n ny t

thi im bt u ca d n cho n ht thng T, c ba th k ta son cho thng nm, v sau
quay tr li cn hai cho phn thi gian cn li ca d n.
Bc 4: Bn di khu vc Resouce Availability, trong trng d liu thuc hng u tin
ca ct Available From, gi nguyn gi tr NA ( NA ngha l Not Applicicable-khng p dng).
Bc 5: Trong trng d liu thuc hng u tin ca ct Available To, g hoc chn
30/4/15.
Bc 6: Trong trng d liu thuc hng u tin ca ct Units, gi nguyn gi tr 200%.
Bc 7: Trong trng d liu thuc hng th hai ca ct Available From, g hoc chn
01/5/15.
Bc 8: Trong trng d liu thuc hng th hai ca ct Available To, g hoc chn 31/5/15.
Bc 9: Trong trng d liu thuc hng th hai ca ct Units, g hoc chn 300%.
Bc 10: Trong trng d liu thuc hng th ba ca ct Available From, g hoc chn
01/6/15.
Chng X
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Bc 11: B trng trong trng d liu thuc hng th ba ca ct Available To (Project s
chn NA cho bn sau khi bn hon thnh cc bc tip theo).
Bc 12: Trong trng d liu thuc hng th ba ca ct Units, g hoc chn 200%, v sau
nhn phm Enter.
i vi cc thng 5, bn c th ln tin n ba th k ta son m khng phn cng qu

ti h. Trc v sau khong thi gian ny, bn ch c hai th k ta son c ln tin .
Bc 13: Nhn OK ng hp thoi Resource Information.
Trong khung nhn Resource Sheet, trng d liu Max.Units ca ti nguyn Copyeditors s
hin th 300% ch khi ngy hin ti (current date) l thuc khong thi gian t 01 thng 5 n 31
thng 5 nm 2015. Ngy hin ti c da trn ng h ca h thng my tnh ca bn hoc thit
lp trong hp thoi Project Information ( xem hp thoi ny, trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh
Properties, kch vo Project Information). Vo nhng thi im khc, n s hin th l 200%.
10.2. Nhp nhiu mc lng cho mt ti nguyn.

Mt s ti nguyn lm vic c th thc hin cc nhim v khc nhau vi cc mc lng
khc nhau. V d, trong d n cun sch thiu nhi mi, ngi bin tp d n (Project Editor) cng
c th lm vic nh l mt bin tp ni dung (Content Editor). Bi v mc lng cho bin tp d
n v bin tp ni dung khc nhau nn bn c th thit lp hai mc lng cho ti nguyn ny. Sau
, sau khi bn phn cng ti nguyn ti cc nhim v, bn ch r rng mc lng no nn p
dng. Mi ti nguyn c th c ti a nm mc lng khc nhau, mi mc lng s c ghi trong
mt bng mc chi ph-Cost rate table.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn d nh phn cng cng vic m c
mt mc khc ti mt trong s cc ti nguyn. Bn cn ghi li mc lng th hai ny cho ti
nguyn .
Trong v d, bn to mt bng mc chi ph thm cho mt ti nguyn.
Bc 1: Trong khung nhn Resource Sheet, kch vo tn ca ti nguyn 5, Hany Morcos.
Bc 2: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Information.
Hp thoi Resource Information s xut hin.
Bc 3: Kch vo tab Cost.
Bn nhn thy mc lng mc nh ca Hany l 1.550 $ cho mi tun trong bng mc chi
ph A. Mi tab (nh nhn l A, B,C,D v E) l mt bng mc chi ph (Cost rate table) v tng
ng vi mt trong nm mc lng m mt ti nguyn c th c.
Chng X
151
Bc 4: Bn di khu vc Cost rate tables, kch vo tab B.

Bc 5: Kch vo trng nhp d liu ang c mc nh l $0,00/h ngay bn di nhn
Standard Rate, v sau g 45/h.
Bc 6: Trong trng d liu cng hng thuc ct Overtime Rate, g 60/h, v sau nhn
phm Enter.

Ch rng trong khung nhn Resource Sheet, mc lng trung bnh ca Hany vn l 1.550
$ mi tun (n c ghi ct c nhn Std. Rate). iu ny ph hp vi gi tr trong bng thuc
tab A l bng mc chi ph mc nh. Mc lng ny s c s dng cho tt c cc s phn cng
v nhim v ca Hany tr khi bn ch nh mt mc khc. Bn s lm nh vy phn tip theo
trong chng ny.
10.3. Thit lp cc mc lng khc nhau ca ti nguyn p dng ti cc

thi im khc nhau.
Cc ti nguyn c th c c hai mc lng l mc lng trung bnh v mc lng lm thm
gi. Theo mc nh, Project s dng cc mc lng ny trong sut thi gian thc hin ca d n.
Tuy nhin, bn c th thay i cc mc lng ca mt ti nguyn n ph hp vi nhng thi
im m bn chn. V d, ban u c th bn thit lp mt ti nguyn lm vic t ngy 1 thng 1
vi mc lng trung bnh l 40$ cho mi gi lm vic, ln k hoch tng mc lng trung bnh
cho ti nguyn ln n 55$ cho mi gi k t ngy 1 thng 7.
Chng X
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Project s dng cc mc lng khi tnh ton cc chi ph ca ti nguyn da trn thi im
lm vic ca ti nguyn trong tin . Bn c th phn cng ti 25 mc lng khc nhau p
dng ti cc thi im khc nhc nhau cho mi bng mc chi ph (Cost rate table) ca mt ti
nguyn. Project rt linh hot vi cc nh dng ca mc lng b sung thm m bn nhp vo.
Bn c th nhp mt mc lng l mt gi tr ng tin c th hoc l mt t l phn trm tng
hoc gim so vi mc lng trc .
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn d on mt trong cc ti lm vic
trong k hoch cun sch tr em mi nhn c s tng lng. S tng lng ny s c hiu lc
trong thi gian thc hin ca k hoch cun sch mi. gi cho cc s tnh ton v chi ph ca
k hoch c chnh xc nht c th, bn cn phi ghi li khi no th s tng lng ny s c hiu
lc v s c tng ln bao nhiu phn trm.
Trong v d ny, bn nhp mt mc lng khc cho mt ti nguyn c p dng vo
mt ngy sau ny.
Bc 1: Trong ct Resource Name, chn tn ca ti nguyn 6, Jane Dow.
Bc 2: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Information.
Hp thoi Resource Information s xut hin.
Bc 3: Nhp vo tab Cost nu n cha c chn.
Bn s nhp mt t l tng lng trong bng mc chi ph A.
Bc 4: Trong trng d liu thuc hng th hai ca ct Effective Date, g hoc chn
01/6/15.
Bc 5: Trong trng d liu thuc hng th hai ca ct Standard Rate, g 15% v nhn
phm Enter.
Ch rng Project tnh ton s tng ln 15% to ra mc lng 63,25$ cho mi gi. Mc
lng trc l 55$ (cho mi gi) cng thm 15% tng ln bng 63,25$ (cho mi gi). Bn c
th nhp mt gi tr c th hoc mt t l phn trm tng hoc gim so vi mc lng trc .
Lu : Ngoi cc mc lng ny ra, mt ti nguyn c th bao gm mt khon ph m
Project s cng dn vo tng nhim v m ti nguyn c phn cng ti. Chi ph ny c gi
l chi ph mi ln s dng-cost per use. Khng ging nh cc mc lng, chi ph mi ln s dng
khng thay i theo thi hn thc hin ca nhim v hay theo thi gian lm vic m ti nguyn
thc hin trong nhim v. Bn ch r chi ph mi ln s dng trong trng d liu Cost/Use trong
khung nhn Resource Sheet hoc trong trng d liu thuc ct Per Use Cost trong hp thoi
Resource Information.
Chng X
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Trong khung nhn Resource Sheet, lu rng mc lng ban u ca Jane Dow, 55$ cho
mi gi, xut hin trong trng d liu thuc ct Std.Rate. Trng d liu ny s hin th 55$ cho
mi gi cho n khi ngy hin ti (current date) thay i ti 1/6/15 hoc l nhng ngy sau .
N s hin th mc lng trung bnh mi ca c y l 63,25$ cho mi gi.
10.4. Thit lp ti nguyn nguyn vt liu.

Cc ti nguyn nguyn vt liu l cc mt hng tiu dng m bn s dng khi d n tin
trin. Trong mt d n xy dng, cc ti nguyn nguyn vt liu c th bao gm inh, g v b
tng. Bn lm vic vi ti nguyn nguyn vt liu trong Project theo di s lng hoc mc
tiu th ca ti nguyn nguyn vt liu v cc chi ph lin quan. Khng ging nh ti nguyn
lm vic, bn khng th nhp mt gi tr lng phn cng ti a cho mt ti nguyn chi ph hoc
ti nguyn nguyn vt liu. Bi v chng khng phi l loi ti nguyn thc thi cng vic nn gi
tr lng phn cng ti a khng c p dng. Mc d Project khng phi l mt h thng hon
chnh cho vic kim k theo di hng ha, nhng n c th gip bn nhanh chng c c thng
tin v lng ti nguyn nguyn vt liu tiu th v vi chi ph l bao nhiu.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn in th ca cun sch thiu nhi mi l
ti nguyn tiu th m bn quan tm nht. y l bn ma kt c trung thc cao ca cun sch
mi c to ra trc khi cun sch c in thng mi. Bi v nhng bn in th l tng i t
tin to ra n v bn mun k khai cc chi ph ny trong k hoch d n. lm nh vy, bn
cn phi to ra mt ti nguyn nguyn vt liu.
Trong v d ny, bn nhp cc thng tin v mt ti nguyn nguyn vt liu.
Bc 1: Trong khung nhn Resource Sheet, kch vo trng d liu trng trong hng k tip
thuc ct Resource Name.
Bc 2: G Bound galley proofs.
Bc 3: Trong trng d liu thuc ct Type cng hng, kch vo biu tng u mi tn
v chn Material, sau bm phm Tab.
Bc 4: Trong trng d liu thuc ct Material Label, g coppies.
Copies-s bn sao l n v o lng ( hay gi l n v tnh) m bn s s dng cho ti
nguyn nguyn vt liu ny. Bn s nhn thy nhn ny mt ln na trong phn Phn cng cc
ti nguyn nguyn vt liu ti cc nhim v trong phn sau ca chng ny.
Bc 5: Trong trng d liu thuc ct Std.Rate, g 15 v sau nhn phm Enter.
y l chi ph cho mt n v ti nguyn nguyn nguyn vt liu ny, hay ni mt cch khc
l mi bn sao ca ti nguyn Bound galley proofs c chi ph l 15$. phn sau ca chng ny,
bn s ch r s lng ti nguyn nguyn vt liu khi bn phn cng ti cc nhim v. Sau
Project s tnh ton chi ph ca s phn cng ti nguyn nguyn vt liu theo chi ph cho mt n
v ti nguyn m bn nhp trn nhn vi s lng ti nguyn c phn cng.
Cho n by gi trong chng ny, bn tp trung vo cc chi tit ca ti nguyn. i vi

phn cn li ca chng, s tp trung ca bn s chuyn sang phn tinh chnh cc chi tit ca s
phn cng.
Chng X
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10.5. Tr hon s bt u ca s phn cng.

Nu c nhiu hn mt ti nguyn c phn cng ti mt nhim v, bn c th khng mun
tt c cc ti nguyn bt u lm vic trong nhim v ti cng mt thi im. Bn c th tr hon
s bt u lm vic ca mt hoc nhiu ti nguyn c phn cng ti mt nhim v.
V d, gi s rng c bn ti nguyn c phn cng ti mt nhim v. Lc ban u th
ba trong s bn ti nguyn s lm vic trong nhim v, v sau th ti nguyn th t s kim tra
cht lng ca s lm vic . Ti nguyn thc hin vic kin tra nn bt u cng vic mun hn
so vi cc ti nguyn khc.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi bao
gm mt nhim v m c tc gi cun sch, Tad Orman, v mt th k ta son u c phn
cng ti. Mc ch ca nhim v ny l cc tc gi s xem xt li nhng chnh sa c thc hin
ti bn tho cun sch ca anh y, v khng lu sau , th k ta son s bt u hp nhp cc
thng tin phn hi ca tc gi. Ngay by gi th c hai ti nguyn u c phn cng lm vic
trong sut thi hn thc hin ca nhim v, nhng bn li mun tr hon s bt u cng vic ca
th k ta son, th k ta son s bt u sau hai ngy lm vic k t lc nhim v bt u thc
hin.
Trong v d ny, bn tr hon s bt u ca mt s phn cng ti nguyn ti mt nhim v.
Bn cn cc tp tin Advanced Assignments_Start nm trong th mc Practises/Chapter 10
i km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Assignments _Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc
c tn l Advanced Assignments.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch vo Task Usage.
Bn c th nh li t chng 8, khung nhn Task Usage nhm cc ti nguyn c phn
cng bn di mi nhim v.
Bc 2: Trong ct Task Name, ngay di nhim v 18, Author review of content edit, kch
vo ti nguyn c phn cng Copyeditors.
Nh bn c th thy, hin nay nhim v ny ang c hai ti nguyn c phn cng ti n:

mt th k ta son-Copyeditors v tc gi cun sch mi, Tad Orman.
Tip theo bn s tr hon s phn cng ca ti nguyn Copyeditors trong khung nhn Task
Usage.
Bc 4: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Assignment, kch vo Information.
Hp thoi Assignment Information xut hin.
Bc 5: Kch vo tab General nu n cha c chn, v sau trong hp nhp c nhn
Start, g hoc chn 04/5/15.
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Bc 6: Nhn OK ng hp thoi Assignment Information.

Project iu chnh s phn cng ca ti nguyn Copyeditors trong nhim v ny anh y
lm vic khng gi (0h) trong ngy th nm v th su.
By gi, trong phn bng pha thi gian timephased ca khung nhn, bn c th thy rng
thi gian lm vic 0h ang c ln tin cho ti nguyn Copyeditors vo ngy th nm 30/4 v
th su 01/5. Cc ti nguyn khc c phn cng ti nhim v khng b nh hng g. Lu
rng tng s thi gian lm vic ca nhim v ny khng thay i, nhng thi hn thc hin ca
n th thay i, ngy kt thc li li hai ngy lm vic.
Lu : Nu bn mun mt s phn cng bt u ti mt thi gian c th cng nh vo mt
ngy c th th bn c th ch r thi gian trong hp nhp c nhn Start. V d, nu bn mun s
phn cng ca ti nguyn Copyeditors bt u lc 1 P.M ngy ngy 30 thng t th hy g l
30/4/15 1:00 PM. Cn nu khng, Project s s dng thi gian bt u mc nh. thay i thi
gian bt u mc nh, vo tab File, chn Options. Trong hp thoi Project Options, kch vo tab
Schedule, v trong trng d liu Default Start Time, nhp gi tr m bn mun.
10.6. p dng ng bin cho s phn cng.

Trong khung nhn Resource Usage v Task Usage, bn c th thy mt cch y v vic
thi gian lm vic c phn cng ca ti nguyn c phn phi theo thi gian nh th no.
Ngoi vic xem cc chi tit ca s phn cng, bn c th thay i s lng thi gian m mt ti
nguyn lm vic trong mt nhim v ti bt k khong thi gian c th no . C rt nhiu cch
lm iu ny:
- p dng mt ng bin thi gian lm vic c nh trc ti mt s phn cng. Cc
ng bin c nh trc thng m t thi gian lm vic c phn phi theo thi gian di
dng biu th nh th no. V d, cc ng bin c nh trc Bell phn phi thi gian
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lm vic t hn vo lc bt u v kt thc ca s phn cng v phn phi nhiu thi gian lm vic
hn on gia. Nu bn ang minh ha bng biu th thi gian lm vic theo thi gian th
hnh dng ca biu s trng ging nh mt ci chung.
- Chnh sa trc tip cc chi tit ca s phn cng. V d, trong khung nhn Resource Usage
hoc Task Usage, bn c th trc tip thay i cc gi tr ca s phn cng trong li pha thi
gian.
Bn p dng mt ng bin hay chnh sa mt s phn cng nh th no, ph thuc th
bn cn hon thnh. Cc ng bin nh trc lm vic tt nht i vi cc s phn cng m
trong bn c th d on ng hnh dng ca kt qu t c, v d, mt nhim v i hi
thi gian tng dn dn c th li dng ng bin nh trc Back Loaded phn nh kh nng
m ti nguyn s lm vic nhiu nht vo thi im cui ca s phn cng.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn xem xt li cc s phn cng trong
k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi cng vi cc ti nguyn c phn cng. Mt trong nhng ti
nguyn ny ni vi bn rng vi kinh nghim trc kia ca mnh th biu thi gian lm vic
theo tin hin nay ca mt trong s cc nhim v m c y m nhn khng ph hp vi biu
thi gian lm vic hng ngy m c y mong mun. Bn mun cp nht k hoch m hnh
ha ng bin thi gian lm vic mong i c chnh xc hn trong s phn cng ny. Bn
cng c mt s phn cng khc i hi phi c s iu chnh.
Trong v d ny, bn p dng mt ng bin thi gian lm vic nh trc ti mt s phn
cng v chnh sa bng tay mt s phn cng khc.
Bc 1: Trong ct Task Name, ngay di nhim v 38, Final review, kch chn ti nguyn
Carole Poland.
Bc 2: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Editing, kch Scroll To Task.
Nh bn c th thy trong li pha thi gian bn phi, hai ti nguyn ang c ln tin
lm vic trong nhim v ny bn gi mi ngy (c ngha l, 50 phn trm thi gian lm vic
sn c ca h) v ti nguyn th ba c ln tin lm vic ton thi gian trong nhim v
ny. Tt c cc s phn cng ny u ang c p dng mt ng bin nh trc l Flat- l,
thi gian lm vic c phn b u theo thi gian. y l ng bin thi gian lm vic nh
trc mc nh m Project s dng khi ln tin thi gian lm vic.
Bn mun thay i s phn cng ca Carole Poland trong nhim v ny c y bt u
s phn cng vi thi gian lm vic t v sau tng thi gian lm vic ca c y khi nhim v
tin trin. t c iu ny, bn s p dng ng bin nh trc Back Loaded cho s phn
cng . Lu rng nhim v 38, Final review l loi nhim v c thi hn thc hin c c
nh, khng phi loi nhim v c lng phn cng c c nh mc nh. Nhim v thuc loi
ny gi thi hn thc hin khng i khi bn iu chnh cc s phn cng ca n.
Hp thoi Assignment Information xut hin. Kch vo tab General nu n cha c
chn.
Chng X
157

Bc 4: Nhp vo biu tng u mi tn hin th cc ty chn trong hp chn c nhn
Work Contour.
y l tt c nhng ng bin thi gian lm vic c nh trc, v mt s ci tn ca

chng ni ln c hnh dng biu ca thi gian lm vic ca mt ti nguyn theo thi gian
khi ng bin c p dng.
Bc 5: Chn Back Loaded, v sau nhn OK ng hp thoi Assignment
Information.
Project p dng ng bin ti s phn cng ca ti nguyn ny v ln li tin thi gian
lm vic ca c y trong nhim v.
Ch th ng bin tng ng vi loi ng bin
c p dng-Back Loaded l trng hp ny
Bn thy rng trong tng ngy k tip ca thi hn thc hin ca nhim v, Carole Poland
c phn cng thm mt cht thi gian lm vic. Bn cng c th xem ch th ng bin trong
ct ch th ID hin th loi ng vin c p dng cho s phn cng.
Bc 6: Trong ct ch th ID, di chuyn chut n ch s ng bin.
Project s hin th mt ScreenTip m t cc loi ng bin p dng cho s phn cng ny.
Lu : p dng mt ng bin cho mt nhim v thuc loi c thi hn thc hin c nh
s khin Project tnh ton li thi gian lm vic ca ti nguyn ti nguyn lm vic t i trong
cng thi hn thc hin . V d, tng s thi gian lm vic ca Carole trong nhim v 38 b
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gim t 20 gi xung cn 12 gi khi bn p dng ng bin. Ty thuc vo loi ca nhim v,
vic p dng mt ng bin cho s phn cng ny c th khin cho ton b thi hn thc hin
ca nhim v b ko di. Nhim v 38 l mt nhim v c thi hn thc hin c c nh, v th
vic p dng ng bin khng thay i thi hn thc hin ca nhim v ny. Tuy nhin, i vi
nhim v thuc loi c thi gian lm vic c c nh hoc c lng phn cng c c nh th
iu c th xy ra. Nu bn khng mun vic p dng mt ng bin dn n ko di thi hn
thc hin ca nhim v, thay i loi ca nhim v (chn trong hp chn c nhn Task Type trn
tab Advanced ca hp thoi Task Information) thnh Fixed Duration trc khi p dng ng
bin.
Tip theo, bn s trc tip chnh sa thi gian lm vic c phn cng trong mt nhim v
khc.
Bc 6: Trong ct Task Name, ngay di nhim v 38, Final review, kch chn ti nguyn
c phn cng Hany Morcos.
Lu rng Hany hin ang c phn cng lm vic bn gi mi ngy trong sut thi hn
thc hin ca s phn cng ny. Ti sao li bn gi ? Bnh thng Hany lm vic tm gi mi
ngy trong nhng ngy lm vic ca c y (c nh ot bi lch ti nguyn ca c). Tuy nhin,
c y c phn cng ti nhim v ny vi lng phn cng l 50 phn trm, v vy m thi
gian lm vic c ln tin ch l bn gi mi ngy.
Bn mun tng thi gian lm vic ca Hany trong hai ngy cui cng ca nhim v ny
c y s lm vic ton thi gian (full time) trong hai ngy ny. thc hin iu ny, bn s chnh
sa bng tay thi gian lm vic c phn cng ca c y.
Trong li pha thi gian trong phn bn phi ca khung nhn Task Usage, chn thi gian
lm vic c phn cng l 4h ca Hany Morcos trong th 4 ngy 2 thng 9.
Lu : Di chuyn con tr chut ti tng nhn ngy trong tiu trn biu thi gian (M, T,
W, vv) v gi tr ngy thng ca ngy hm s xut hin trong mt ScreenTip.
Bc 9: G 8h, v sau nhn phm Tab.
Bc 10: Trong s phn cng ca Hany th 5 ngy 3 thng 9, g 8h, v sau nhn phm
Enter.
Hany by gi ang phn cng lm vic tm gi mi ngy trong ngy th T (2/9) v th

Nm (3/9). Project s hin th mt ch th ng bin trong ct ch th ID cho thy mt ng
bin c chnh sa bng th cng c p dng ti s phn cng ny.
Lu : Nu bn mun thm cc thng tin chi tit v vic p dng ng bin cho mt s
phn cng hoc bt c iu g lin quan n mt s phn cng, bn c th ghi li cc chi tit
trong mt lu v s phn cng. Trong khung nhn Task Usage hoc Resource Usage, chn s
phn cng v sau kch vo nt Notes trong nhm lnh Assignment trn tab Format. Ghi ch
v s phn cng cng tng t ghi ch cho nhim v v ti nguyn.
Di y l mt vi kh nng khc m bn c th p dng trong khung nhn dng Usage:
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- Ngoi vic chnh sa gi tr thi gian lm vic bng tay cp ti nguyn nh bn
lm trn, bn c th chnh sa thi gian lm vic cp nhim v. Khi bn thay i mt gi
tr thi gian lm vic cp nhim v, Project iu chnh gi tr thi gian lm vic ca tng ti
nguyn cho ph hp vi lng phn cng ca mi ti nguyn trong s phn cng . V d, gi
s rng trong mt ngy c th, hai ti nguyn ang c phn cng mi ti nguyn lm vic bn
gi ti mt nhim v c tng s thi gian lm vic l tm gi. Nu sau bn thay i tng s
thi gian lm vic trong nhim v cho ngy hm thnh 12 gi, Project s tng thi gian lm
vic ca mi ti nguyn t bn ln n su gi.
- Bn c th chia tch mt nhim v trong khung nhn Gantt chart k khai mt s gin
on trong nhim v nh bn lm trong chng 8. Bn cng c th chia tch mt nhim v
trong khung nhn Task Usage bng cch nhp gi tr thi gian lm vic bng "0" trong cc nm
cng hng vi nhim v trong li pha thi gian cho nhng ngy bn m mun gin on. bo
tn tng s thi gian lm vic trong nhim v, bn nn thm s lng thi gian lm vic tng
ng vi lng thi gian b gin on vo thi im cui ca nhim v. V d, gi s rng mt
nhim v bt u vo th hai v thi hn thc hin l 4 ngy, mi ngy lm vic 8 gi. Biu
thi gian lm vic ca n (theo gi tng ngy) l 8, 8, 8 v 8. Bn gin on s lm vic trong
nhim v vo ngy th ba v sau thm tm gi vo ngy kt thc ca nhim v (trong trng
hp ny l th su). Biu thi gian lm vic mi s l 8, 0, 8, 8 v 8.
- Khi chnh sa cc gi tr trong li pha thi gian, bn c th lm vic vi cc d liu c
phn ging vi nh lc lm vic vi cc d liu trong phn mm Microsoft Excel, bn c th
ko v th cc gi tr v s dng tin ch AutoFill sao chp cc gi tr sang cc bn phi hoc
bn di.
10.7. p dng cc mc lng khc nhau ti cc s phn cng.

Nh li trong phn 2 Nhp nhiu mc lng cho mt ti nguyn u chng, bn c
th thit lp ti nm mc lng cho mi ti nguyn, iu cho php bn p dng cc mc lng
khc nhau ti cc s phn cng khc nhau ca mt ti nguyn; v d, mt mc lng khc c th
ph thuc vo cc k nng c yu cu bi cc s phn cng khc. i vi mi s phn cng,
ban u Project mc nh s dng bng mc chi ph A, nhng bn c th ch nh mt bng mc
chi ph khc nn c s dng.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, Hany hin ang c phn cng ti nhim
v 36, Proof and review, cng vic ging vi vic bin tp ni dung hn vai tr mc nh ca c
y l bin tp d n, nhng trong s phn cng ny ca c y vn ang s dng mc lng mc
nh ca c y l bin tp d n. Bn s p dng mt mc lng khc k khai cho vai tr bin
tp ni dung ca c y trong nhim v ny. Nh li rng bn thit lp mc lng th hai ny
cho Hany phn 2.
Trong v d ny, bn thay i bng mc chi ph c p dng ti mt s phn cng.
Bc 1: Trong ct Task Name, ngay di nhim v 36, Proof and review, kch vo ti
nguyn c phn cng Hany Morcos.
Tip theo, bn s xem chi ph ca s phn cng ca Hany.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables v sau nhp vo Cost.
Project s hin th bng chi ph Cost. Lu chi ph hin nay ca s phn cng ca Hany ti
nhim v ny l: 1.550,00 $.
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Hp thoi Assignment Information xut hin.
Bc 4: Kch vo tab General nu n cha c chn.
Bc 5: Trong hp chn c nhn Cost Rate Table, g hoc chn B, v sau nhn OK
ng hp thoi Assignment Information.
Proejct p dng bng mc chi ph B ca Hany ti s phn cng ny.
Mc chi ph mi ca s phn cng ny, 1.800,00 $, xut hin trong ct c nhn Total Cost.
Gi tr chi ph mi ny cng c dng tnh ton chi ph trong nhim v khi qut v nhim v
tng qut ca d n.
Lu : Nu bn thng xuyn thay i bng mc chi ph cho cc s phn cng, bn s thy
y l mt cch nhanh chng khi hin th trc tip trng d liu Cost Rate Table trong khung
nhn Resource Usage hoc Task Usage. Hin th cnh phi ca phn bng ca khung nhn dng
Usage, kch Add New Column, v sau chn Cost Rate Table.
10.8. Phn cng cc ti nguyn nguyn vt liu ti cc nhim v

Trong phn 4 Thit lp ti nguyn nguyn vt liu ca chng ny, bn to ra ti
nguyn nguyn vt liu c tn l Bound galley proofs. Nh li rng cc ti nguyn nguyn vt liu
c s dng hoc tiu th khi d n tin trin. V d ph bin trong mt d n xy dng l ti
nguyn g hoc b tng.
Khi phn cng mt ti nguyn nguyn liu, bn c th x l s tiu hao v cc chi ph theo
mt trong hai cch:
- Phn cng ti nguyn nguyn vt liu vi mt s lng nht nh ti nhim v. Project s
nhn chi ph cho mt n v ti nguyn ny vi s lng ti nguyn c phn cng xc
nh tng chi ph (Bn s s dng phng php ny trong v d sau y).
- Phn ti nguyn nguyn vt liu vi mt t l bin i v s lng ti ti nhim v. Project
s iu chnh s lng v chi ph ca ti nguyn ny khi thi hn thc hin ca nhim v thay i.
Phng php ny c m t chi tit cui phn ny.
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Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn ang quan tm theo di vic s dng
v chi ph ca ti nguyn Bound galley proofs trong d n cun sch thiu nhi mi.
Trong v d ny, bn phn cng mt ti nguyn nguyn vt liu ti mt nhim v v nhp
s lng tiu th ca ti nguyn .
Bc 1: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh View, kch Gantt Chart.
Bc 2: Trong ct Task Name, kch vo tn ca nhim v 38, Final review.
Bn d on bn s cn n 20 bn Bound galley proofs cho nhim v ny.
Bc 4: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Assignments, kch Assign Resources.
Hp thoi Assign Resources xut hin.
Bc 5: Trong hp thoi Assign Resources, chn trng d liu thuc ct Units ca ti
nguyn Bound galley proofs.
Bc 6: G hoc chn 20, v sau nhn vo nt Assign.
Project phn cng ti nguyn nguyn vt liu ny ti nhim v v tnh ton ra chi ph ca
s phn cng l 300 $ (15 $ cho mi bn x vi 20 bn).
Khi bn phn cng mt ti nguyn nguyn vt liu ti mt
nhim v, n v tnh ca n s xut hin trong ct Units
Bi v Bound galley proofs l mt ti nguyn nguyn vt liu nn n khng th lm vic. V

vy, vic phn cng mt ti nguyn nguyn vt liu khng nh hng n thi hn thc hin ca
nhim v.
Bc 7: Bm nt Close ng hp thoi Assign Resources.
* Mc tiu th bin i ca ti nguyn
Bn mi ch phn cng mt ti nguyn nguyn vt liu vi mt s lng nht nh hoc
hoc mt mc tiu th c nh ti mt nhim v. Mt cch khc s dng cc ti nguyn nguyn
vt liu l phn cng chng vi mt mc tiu th bin i. S khc bit gia hai mc tiu th ny
nh sau:
- Mt mc tiu th c nh c ngha l, khng quan tm ti thi hn thc hin ca nhim v
m ti nguyn nguyn vt liu c phn cng ti, mt s lng tuyt i ca ti nguyn nguyn
vt liu s c s dng. V d, b tng cho nn mng ca mt ngi nh i hi mt s lng
b tng nht nh m khng quan tm n vn phi mt bao lu n.
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- Mt mc tiu th bin i c ngha l, s lng ca ti nguyn nguyn vt liu c tiu
th ph thuc vo thi hn thc hin ca nhim v. V d, khi vn hnh my pht in, th lng
nhin liu tiu th trong 4 gi s nhiu hn so vi trong 2 gi, v bn c th ch nh mt mc tiu
th nhin liu theo gi. Bn nhp mt mc tiu th bin i l s lng ti nguyn c tiu th
theo thi gian; V d, bn nhp "2/h" ghi li mc tiu th hai lt nhin liu cho mi gi. Sau khi
bn nhp mt mc tiu th bin i cho mt s phn cng ca ti nguyn nguyn vt liu, Project
tnh ton tng s lng ti nguyn nguyn vt liu c tiu th da trn thi hn thc hin ca
nhim v.
Li ch ca vic s dng mc tiu th bin i l n gn cht vi thi hn thc hin ca
nhim v. Nu thi hn thc hin thay i, s lng v chi ph c tnh ton ca ti nguyn
nguyn vt liu s thay i theo. Khi bn cn theo di ti nguyn nguyn vt liu cp chi ph
th hy s dng mc tiu th bin i.
10.9. Xem kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn

Nh li rng s lng thi gian m mt ti nguyn c th lm vic trong cc nhim v trong
mt d n c gi l kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn , v trong Project, th kh nng lm
vic ny c o bng n v tnh. Theo mc nh, n v tnh ny c th hin bi mt gi tr
phn trm, vi 0% ngha l kh nng lm vic bng khng v 100% c ngha l ton b kh nng
lm vic hoc ti a kh nng lm vic ca mt ti nguyn n l theo mt tin lm vic bnh
thng 40 gi mi tun. Trong Project, kh nng lm vic ti a ca mt ti nguyn c theo
di bi gi tr trong trng d liu c nhn l Max.Units.
Ngay c cc nh qun l ca d n c kinh nghim cng tng c tnh qu cao kh nng
lm vic ca ti nguyn i vi nhng ngi c phn b lm vic trong mt d n c th.
iu ny c th dn n cc vn trong qu trnh thc thi ca mt d n v cc ti nguyn khng
hi lng, c bit l khi ngi qun l ca d n cng c tnh di mc s lng thi gian
lm vic cn thit hon thnh cc nhim v trong d n. C nhiu l do chnh ng mong
i mt s s thay i vi cc c tnh v thi gian lm vic ca nhim v- c bit l trong giai
on lp k hoch ban u ca mt d n. Tuy nhin, kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn nn tr
ln d dng hn c tnh thm chnh xc. Phn ny gii thiu mt s cng c hu ch trong
Project c th gip bn xem v hiu r hn v kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn.
Vic nhn thy kh nng lm vic ca mi ti nguyn mang n cho bn mt s nm bt tt
hn v ton b kh nng lm vic trong d n ca bn. Vic ny c th tr gip thng tin cho bn
v cc bn lin quan ca d n v bt k s iu chnh c th no ti phm vi ca d n ph
hp hn vi kh nng lm vic ca cc nguyn (hoc ngc li). Thng thng, bn c th mong
i mt trong cc tnh hung sau y xy ra i vi kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn:
- Thi gian lm vic d kin l t hn so vi kh nng lm vic ca cc ti nguyn. Bn c
th c th s dng mt phn thi gian ca cc ti nguyn ca bn cho cc d n khc hoc lm
nhiu cng vic hn trong d n ny.
- Thi gian lm vic d kin vt qu kh nng lm vic ca cc ti nguyn. Bn c th cn
phi gim bt phm vi cng vic hoc tng thm ti nguyn.
- Thi gian lm vic d kin l xp x bng vi kh nng lm vic ca cc ti nguyn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, vo thi im ny trong vic lp k hoch
cun sch thiu nhi mi, bn thit lp mt danh sch nhim v ban u v cc chi tit ban u
v ti nguyn. By gi bn s kim tra kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn mt cch chi tit.
Trong v d ny, bn s xem xt kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn ring r theo tng ngy
v tng thng trong khong thi gian m d n hin ang ln tin .
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Resource Views, kch vo Resource Usage.
Project s hin th khung nhn Resource Usage.
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Nh li rng trong khung nhn ny, phn khu vc bn tri t chc xp xp cc nhim v nm
bn di cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti chng. Phn khu vc bn phi cho thy s phn cng
v cc gi tr khc c t chc theo trnh t thi gian. phn ny, chng ta cn tp trung vo
vic nhn thy s sn sng lm vic ca cc ti nguyn. bt u, bn s chuyn i trong
phn li pha thi gian nhn thy s sn sng lm vic ca ti nguyn.
Bc 2: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Details, hy tch chn hp kim c nhn
Remaining Availability.
Bc 3: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Details, b tch chn khi hp kim c nhn
Work.
Project s n cc chi tit v thi gian lm vic v ch li chi tit v Remaining Availability.
Bc 4: Kch vo tiu ct Resouce Name.
Bc 5: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo Outline v sau kch vo Hide
Subtasks.
By gi bn c th nhn thy pha bn phi ca khung nhn cc gi tr sn sng lm vic

cn li theo tng ngy ca tt c cc ti nguyn lm vic. Cc ti nguyn lm vic ton thi gian,
nh Carole Poland, ang sn sng mong ch lm vic 8h mi ngy cho nhng ngy m h khng
c s phn cng. Dan Jump, ti nguyn lm mt na thi gian vi 50% max.Units, ch sn sng
lm vic 4 gi mi ngy. Jun Cao, ngi c mt tin lm vic kiu "four-by-ten" th sn
sng lm vic 10 gi mi ngy v bn ngy mi tun.
Tip theo, bn s iu chnh mc zoom ca phn li pha thi gian xem s sn sng
lm vic theo tng thng.
Bc 6: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, kch Months trong hp chn Timescale.
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Project cho thy gi gian sn sng lm vic cho mi ti nguyn theo tng thng. Lu
rng c mt s gi tr phn cng v tn ti nguyn c nh dng trong mu v c mt ch th
cnh bo bn cnh tn ca h. Nhng ti nguyn ny ang b phn b vt mc, h ang b phn
cng nhiu thi gian lm vic hn so vi kh nng lm vic cho php ca h. Bn s gii quyt
cc ti nguyn b phn b vt mc trong chng 11.
Lu : Trong phn ny, bn kim tra kh nng lm vic ca ti nguyn trong khung nhn
Resource Usage. Cc khung nhn khc ca Project cng gip bn xem v qun l kh nng lm
vic ca ti nguyn bao gm khung nhn Resource Graph (vo tab View, trong nhm lnh
Resource Views, kch Other Views v sau kch vo Resource Graph) v hai bo co tp trung
vo ti nguyn (trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, kch Resources v sau nhp
vo mt trong cc bo co thuc danh sch lit k).
10.10. iu chnh s phn cng trong khung nhn Team Planner

Quan trng: Khung nhn Team Planner l ch c sn trong bn Project Professional, khng
c trong bn Project Standard. Nu bn c bn Project Standard th c th b qua phn ny.
Khung nhn Task Usage v Resource Usage l cc khung nhn c cc tnh nng mnh m
m bn c th hon thnh cc mc tiu phc tp, kiu nh vic iu chnh bng tay ng bin p
dng cho cc s phn cng. Nu nhng khung nhn ny a ra qu nhiu chi tit hn so vi mong
mun ca bn th Project Professional cng cung cp mt khung nhn khc n gin hn nhng
cng c tnh nng mnh c gi l Team Planner.
Trong khung nhn Team Planner, bn thy cc nhim v c t chc xp xp theo cc ti
nguyn c phn cng n (ging nh khung nhn Resource Usage) v cc nhim v cha c
bt k s phn cng no. C nhim v c c v khng c phn cng ti nguyn n c th l
mt trong hai loi sau trong khung nhn Team Planner, :
- Nhim v c ln tin : c ln tin trong mt khong thi gian c th v c
hin th trong khung nhn Team Planner ti mt thi im c th
- Nhim v khng c ln tin -Unscheduled: Cc nhim v c ch tin th cng,
v c hoc khng c ti nguyn c phn cng ti.
Ci m khung nhn Team Planner cho php, cn khung nhn dng Usage khng cho php
chnh l phng php n gin ko v th ln li tin hoc phn cng li ti nguyn cho
nhim v.
Nhim v: Ti xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thy rng khung nhn Team Planner
c bit l hu ch khi xem xt li cc s phn cng ca cc ti nguyn lm vic trong k hoch
cun sch thiu nhi mi. Bn nhn ra mt s vn v phn cng ti nguyn m bn cn phi
gii quyt v bn s lm iu trong khung nhn Team Planner.
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Trong v d ny, bn kim tra cc s phn cng ti nguyn v gii quyt mt s vn v
vic phn b vt mc, cng nh mt s vn v cc nhim v cha c phn cng v cha
c ln tin .
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Resource Views, kch Team Planner.
Khung nhn Team Planner xut hin.
Lu : Bn cng c th kch vo shortcut ca khung nhn Team Planner trn thanh trng
thi, gc di cng bn phi ca ca s Project.
Bc 2: Trong ct Resource Name, chn Carole Poland.
Cc s phn cng ban u ca ti nguyn Carole Poland hin th trong khung nhn.
Khu vc m nhim v c phn cng
ti nguyn nhng khng c ln tin
Khu vc m nhim v khng c phn

cng ti nguyn v khng c ln tin
Khu vc m nhim v c phn

cng ti nguyn v c ln tin
Khu vc m nhim v khng c phn

cng ti nguyn nhng c ln tin
u tin, bn s ln tin cho cc nhim v c phn cng nhng cha c ln tin

(tc l c ch tin l th cng). Carole Poland c mt nhim v cha c ln tin
v mt s nhim v c ln tin . Trong thc t, cc nhim v c ln tin ca c
khin c y b phn b vt mc, cc hnh ch nht mu m Project v bao quanh mt s
s phn cng ca Corole trong thng t ni cho bn bit y l nhng lc c y b phn b vt
mc.
Bn mun nhim v khng c ln tin ca Carole, Launch planning, bt u vo u
Thng Tm, do bn s di chuyn n ti .
Bc 4: Di chuyn thanh cun ngang ca khung nhn cho n khi tun cha nhn l ngy 9
thng 8 (09 Aug 15) c nhn thy trong thi gian biu-Timescale.
Lu : Bn cng c th bm t hp phm CTRL + G v trong trng d liu Date ca hp
thoi Go To, g hoc chn 9/8/15 v sau nhn OK.
Bc 5: Kch, gi v ko nhim v khng c ln tin , Launch planning, dc theo hng
ca Carole ngy nhim v bt u l Th hai ngy 10 thng 8.
Nh trong phn biu Gantt ca khung nhn Gantt Chart, chiu di ca thanh bar ca mt
nhim v c ln tin tng ng vi thi hn thc hin ca n. Ty thuc vo mc zoom
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trong khung nhn m bn c th khng nhn thy y tn ca nhim v trn mt s thanh bar
i din cho nhim v.
Bc 6: Di chuyn con tr chut ti nhim v m bn va ln tin .
Mt ScreenTip xut hin v cha ng cc cc chi tit ct yu ca nhim v.
Lu rng mc d nhim v ny hin ang c ln tin vi thi gian ngy thng c th

nhng n vn l mt nhim v c ch tin th cng v n s vn nh vy cho n khi n
c chuyn sang ch tin t ng.
Tip theo, bn s ln tin cho nhim v cha c ln tin ca Hanny Morcos v bn
phn cng li n cho Carole. Bn cng mun nhim v ny s hon thnh vo u thng tm.
Bc 7: Kch, gi v ko nhim v cha c ln tin ca Hanny Morcos, Assign launch
team members, ti hng ca Carole v ngy bt u ca nhim v l th ba ngy 11 thng 8.
Project s ln tin v phn cng li nhim v ny.
Tip theo, bn s phn cng hai nhim v cha c phn cng v cha c ln tin .
C hai nhim v ny cn c phn cng cho Hany Morcos.
Bc 8: Kch, gi v ko nhim v cha c phn cng u tin, Complete author
questionnaire, ti hng ca Morcos v ngy bt u ca nhim v l Th 2 ngy 17 thng 8.
Bc 9: Kch, gi v ko nhim v cha c phn cng cn li, Schedule author interviews,
ti hng ca Morcos v ngy bt u ca nhim v l Th 3 ngy 18 thng 8.
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By gi c hai nhim v u c phn cng v c ln tin mc d chng vn l nhim
v c ch tin th cng.
kt thc v d ny, bn s gii quyt mt s vn v phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn
m bn c th nhn thy trong khung nhn Team Planner.
Bc 10: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, kch vo biu tng u mi tn bn cnh
hp chn Timescale v kch vo tun Weeks.
Thi gian biu iu chnh hin th k hoch nhiu hn.
Bc 11: Di chuyn thanh cun ngang cho n khi tun cha ngy 28 thng 6 (June 28/06)
c th nhn thy trong thi gian biu.
Hu ht cc ti nguyn b phn b vt mc trong k hoch ny l do cc cuc hp hng

tun v tnh trng bin tp (i din ca n trong khung nhn ny l nhng on thng ng) chng
cho vi cc nhim v khc. Bi v mi ln xy ra ca cuc hp v tnh trng bin tp ch ko di
mt ting ng h nn bn khng bn tm n vic gii quyt s phn b vt mc mc ny.
Tuy nhin bn c th thy mt s phn b vt mc nghim trng ca Hany Morcos trong tun
c cha ngy 28 thng 6.
Bi v bn cn ton b s quan tm ca Hany dnh cho nhim v Interior illustration design
nn bn s phn cng li nhim v Copyedit incorp cho mt ngi khc no .
Bc 12: Kch chut phi vo nhim v Copyedit incorp ca Hany, v trong Shortcut menu
xut hin, kch vo Reassign To, v sau chn Carole Poland.
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Project phn cng li nhim v ny nhng khng thay i ngy bt u, ngy kt thc hay
thi hn thc hin ca nhim v.
Lu : Bn cng c th phn cng li cc nhim v bng cch ko chng ra t mt ti nguyn

ny ti mt ti nguyn khc. kim sot tt hn vic ln tin ca cc nhim v khi bn phn
cng li chng theo cch ny, thit lp thi gian biu theo ngy ( lm iu ny, vo tab View,
trong nhm lnh Zoom, kch Days trong hp chn c nhn Timescale).
Vn cn c nhng vn phn b vt mc trong k hoch ny, nhng chng l nhng vn
nh m bn khng cn quan tm thm ti chng.
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Tinh chnh k hoch ca d n
Chng XI
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Trong ba chng trc, bn tp trung vo cc chi tit v nhim v, ti nguyn v s phn
cng. By gi, bn s kim tra kt qu ca nhng vic lm trc ca bn trong tin v o
su hn na v s phn cng ca ti nguyn. Trong mt s trng hp, bn s xem li cc tnh
nng ca Project c gii thiu trong cc chng trc, nhng trong chng ny s tp trung
ca bn l v vic qun l xuyn xut ton b k hoch, v bao gm thi hn thc hin tng th
v chi ph tng th.
11.1. Kim tra s phn b ca ti nguyn theo thi gian.

Trong phn ny, bn s tp trung v vic phn b ti nguyn- l cc s phn cng nhim
v m bn lm nh hng nh th no n khi lng cng vic ca cc ti nguyn lm vic
(ngi v thit b) ca mt k hoch. Kh nng lm vic ca mt ti nguyn trong mt giai on
thi gian nht nh c nh ot bi kh nng lm vic ti a v lch ti nguyn ca n. Mi
quan h gia kh nng lm vic ca mt ti nguyn v cc s phn cng nhim v ca n c
gi l s phn b-allocation. Mi ti nguyn lm vic ch c th l mt trong ba trng thi sau ca
s phn b:
- Phn b di mc-Underallocated: Cc s phn cng ca ti nguyn khng p ng
kh nng lm vic ti a ca ti nguyn . V d, mt ti nguyn lm vic ton thi gian-40 gi
mi tun ch c phn cng lm vic 25 gi mi tun c gi l b phn b di mc.
- Phn b ng mc Fully allocated: Cc s phn cng ca ti nguyn p ng c kh
nng lm vic ti a ca ti nguyn. V d, mt ti nguyn lm vic ton thi gian-40 gi mi tun
c phn cng lm vic 40 gi mi tun c gi l c phn b ng mc.
- Phn b vt mc Overallocated: Cc s phn cng ca ti nguyn vt qu kh nng lm
vic ti a ca ti nguyn ti bt k thi im no. V d, mt ti nguyn lm vic ton thi gian40 gi mi tun c phn cng lm vic 65 gi mi tun c gi l b phn b vt mc.
* nh gi v vic phn b ti nguyn.
Ngi ta thng ni rng phn b ng mc tt c cc ti nguyn ti tt c cc thi im l
mc tiu ca mi nh qun l d n, nhng y c l l mt trng hp qu n gin. Ty thuc
vo bn cht ca d n v cc ti nguyn lm vic trong , mt s s phn b di mc cng c
th l tt. Phn cng vt mc thng c th l c vn hoc l khng c vn , iu ty
thuc vo lng phn cng b vt mc. Nu mt ti nguyn b phn b vt mc ch na ting
lm vic, Project s nh du s phn b vt mc , nhng mt phn b vt mc nh nh
vy c th khng phi l mt vn m bn cn phi gii quyt, iu ty thuc vo ti nguyn
lin quan v bn cht ca s phn cng. Tuy nhin, vic phn b vt mc nghim trng-v d,
mt ti nguyn c phn cng gp i thi gian lm vic m n c th c th thc hin c
trong mt tun (v d bt lm 80 ting mt tun) th lun lun l mt vn , v bn nn bit lm
th no nhn bit c n v xc nhn cc k hoch gii quyt n. Chng ny s gip bn
nhn bit v khc phc s phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn.
Cc trng thi trn ca s phn b p dng ti cc ti nguyn lm vic. Ti nguyn chi ph
v nguyn vt liu l cc ti nguyn khng lm vic, do cc s phn cng ca chng khng
phi l i tng ca vn phn b ti nguyn.
Trong Project, kh nng lm vic ca mt ti nguyn c o bng n v tnh; kh nng
lm vic ti a ca mt ti nguyn c th c gi l maximum units (c nhn Max.Units trong
Project). n v tnh c o bng cc con s (chng hn nh 3 n v) hoc l mt t l phn
trm (nh 300% ).
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi c
pht trin n mc m bn sn sng kim tra k lng cc s phn cng ti nguyn v cc
vn phn b vt mc. Bn s bt u vi Carole Poland.
Trong v d ny, bn xem cc s phn b v ti nguyn v tp trung vo mt ti nguyn
ang b phn b vt mc.
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Bn cn cc tp tin Advanced Plan_Start nm trong th mc Practises/Chapter 11 i km
theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Plan_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc c tn l
Advanced Plan.
Khung nhn Resource Views xut hin.
pha bn tri ca khung nhn l mt bng ( theo mc nh l bng Usage) th hin cc s

phn cng c nhm li theo tng ti nguyn, tng s thi gian lm vic c phn cng ca
tng ti nguyn, v thi gian lm vic ca tng s phn cng. Thng tin ny c t chc thnh
mt dng cng-outline m bn c th bung ra hoc thu li.
Pha bn phi ca khung nhn cha ng cc chi tit v s phn cng (theo mc nh l thi
gian lm vic) c b tr trn mt thi gian biu. Bn c th di chuyn thanh cun ngang ca
thi gian biu xem cc giai on thi gian khc. Bn cng c th thay i s hin th trn thi
gian biu hin th d liu theo n v: tun, ngy, gi v vv.
Ch ti ci tn hng u tin, Unassigned. Mc ny lit k cc nhim v m khng c
bt c ti nguyn no c phn cng n.
Tip theo, bn s thu cng trong bng ny li xem tng s thi gian lm vic ca mi
ti nguyn theo thi gian.
Bc 2: Nhp vo tiu ct Resource Name.
Bc 3: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo Outline v sau kch vo Hide
Subtasks.
Lu : Bn cng c th thu cng li bng cch nhn t hp phm Alt + Shift + - (du
tr).
Project thu gn cng (n cc s phn cng trong tng ti nguyn) trong khung nhn
Resource Usage.
Bc 4: Trong ct Resource Name, kch vo tn Carole Poland.
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172

Cc s phn cng ti nguyn hin ang b n i, v cc gi tr tng thi gian lm vic trong
ngy ca cc ti nguyn theo thi gian xut hin trong li pha thi gian bn phi.
Bc 5: Di chuyn con tr chut ti tiu ca ct c nhn M (Monday-th hai) trong tun
c cha ngy 05 Apr15 trn cng ca li pha thi gian.
Mt ScreenTip xut hin hin th ngy tng ng vi v tr con tr chut: 6/4/15.
Cc ScreenTips nh ny rt l tin dng trong cc khung nhn c thi gian biu, chng hn
nh khung nhn Resource Usage v Gantt Chart.
Hin ti, thi gian biu ang c thit lp hin th theo tun v ngy. By gi bn s
thay i thi gian biu xem cc d liu v thi gian lm vic c tng cng mt cch khi
qut hn.
Bc 6: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, trong hp chn c nhn Timescale, kch
Months.
Project thay i li pha thi gian hin th cc gi tr ca thi gian lm vic c ln
tin theo tng thng.
Ch rng tn v mt s gi tr phn cng ca Carole Poland v mt s ti nguyn khc

xut hin trong nh dng mu . nh dng mu ny c ngha l cc ti nguyn ny ang b
phn b vt mc: ti mt hoc nhiu thi im trong k hoch ny, cc nhim v c phn cng
ti vt qu kh nng lm vic ca h.
Quan trng: Nu bn khng nhn thy bt k ti nguyn no b phn b vt mc, xem li
trong hp thoi Resource Leveling chc chn rng la chn Day By Day v Manual ang c
chn (trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Level, kch vo Leveling Options). Nu bn vn khng
nhn thy cc ti nguyn b phn b vt mc, kch vo nt Clear Leveling trong nhm lnh Level.
Nu vn tht bi, m li tp tin Advanced Plan_Start.
Nh bn c th nhn thy trong li pha thi gian, Carole Poland b phn b vt mc vo
thng t. V c y cng b phn b di mc trong cc thng khc m c y c phn cng. Lu
rng thi gian lm vic trong thng 6 ca Carole l 45 gi cng c nh dng bng mu .
Mc d thi gian lm vic 45 gi trong mt thng khng phi l mt s phn b vt mc i vi
mt ti nguyn lm vic ton thi gian (8 ting mt ngy), nhng ti mt s thi im trong thng
su Carole c ln tin lm vic vi lng thi gian ln hn lng thi gian m c y
c th xp xp.
Tip theo, bn s thay i cc thit lp ca thi gian biu c mt ci nhn k hn v cc
s phn b ca Carole.
Bc 7: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, trong hp chn c nhn Timescale, chn
Days.
Chng XI
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Project iu chnh thi gian biu tr li thit lp trc ( theo ngy).
Bc 8: Kch vo biu tng expand/collapse hnh mi tn bn cnh tn ca Carole trong
ct Name Resource.
Project s bung khung nhn Resource Usage ra hin th tng s phn cng ca Carole.
Bc 9: Nu cn thit, di chuyn thanh cun ngang trong khung nhn bn phi sang pha bn
phi nhn thy cc s phn cng ca Carole trong tun c cha ngy 19 Apr15.
Tng thi gian lm vic ca Carole trong ngy th hai ngy 20 thng 4 l 9 ting. V n
c nh dng mu cho thy y l mt s phn b vt mc.
Carole c hai s phn cng vo ngy 20 thng t: 8 ting cho nhim v Content edit v mt
ting cho nhim v Editorial staff meeting 2 (mt ln xy ra ca nhim v nh k).
Hai nhim v ny c ln tin chng cho ln nhau ti cng mt thi im l t 8 gi
n 9 gi sng (Nu bn mun quan st iu ny, iu chnh thi gian biu hin th theo gi.
Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, trong hp chn c nhn Timescale, chn Hours). y l
mt s phn b vt mc thc s: Carole c l khng th hon thnh c hai nhim v cng mt
lc. Tuy nhin, n l mt s phn b vt mc tng i nh ti phm vi ca k hoch, v bn
khng cn phi qu bn tm v vic gii quyt s phn b vt mc mc ny. Tuy nhin,
cng c nhng s phn b vt mc khc nghim trng hn trong k hoch ny m bn s phi
gii quyt phn sau trong chng ny.
Bc 10: Kch vo biu tng expand/collapse hnh mi tn bn cnh tn ca Carole trong
ct Name Resource n i cc s phn cng ca c y.
Di y l mt vi iu khc cn lu khi xem xt s phn b ti nguyn:
- Mt cch nhanh chng tm cc s phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn trong khung nhn
Resource Usage l s dng nt lnh Next Overallocation trong nhm lnh Level thuc tab
Resource.
- Theo mc nh, khung nhn Resource Usage hin th bng Usage phn bn tri. Tuy
nhin, bn cng c th hin th cc bng khc. Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo
Table v sau l chn loi bng m bn mun hin th.
- Theo mc nh, khung nhn Resource Usage hin th cc gi tr thi gian lm vic trong
li pha thi gian bn tri. Tuy nhin, bn c th hin th thm cc gi tr khc ca s phn cng,
chng hn nh chi ph-Cost v thi gian sn sng lm vic cn li-Remaining Availability.
lm iu ny, trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Details, tch chn cc gi tr m bn mun hin
th thm.
- Thay v s dng hp chn c nhn Timescale trong nhm lnh Zoom thuc tab View
thay i thi gian biu, bn c th bm vo nt Zoom In hoc Zoom Out trn thanh trng thi
gc di cng bn di ca s lm vic. Tuy nhin, phng php ny c th khng to ra c
cp chnh xc ca chi tit m bn mun.
- thy cc s phn b cho tng loi ti nguyn di dng biu th trong thi gian
biu, bn c th hin th khung nhn Resource Graph: vo tab View, trong nhm lnh Resource
Chng XI
174

View, kch Other Views v sau kch Resource Graph. S dng cc phm mi tn hoc thanh
cun ngang chuyn i s hin th gia cc ti nguyn trong khung nhn ny.
- Ngi s dng phin bn MS Project Professional c th s dng khung nhn Team
Planner xem cc s phn cng ca tng ti nguyn trong mt nh dng n gin hn. thm
cc thng tin v khung nhn Team Planner, xem li trong chng 10.
11.2. Gii quyt s phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn bng th cng.

Trong phn ny v phn tip theo, bn s tip tc tp trung vo s phn b ca ti nguyn l cc s phn cng nhim v m bn thc hin trc nh hng nh th no n khi
lng cng vic phi hon thnh ca cc ti nguyn lm vic trong k hoch. Trong phn ny, bn
s chnh sa bng tay mt s phn cng gii quyt mt s phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn.
Trong phn tip theo, bn s t ng gii quyt cc s phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn.
Chnh sa mt s phn cng bng tay ch l mt cch gii quyt mt s phn b qu ti
ca ti nguyn. Bao gm cc gii php sau y:
- Thay th ti nguyn b phn b vt mc bng mt ti nguyn khc bng cch s dng nt
Replace trong hp thoi Assign Resources.
- Gim gi tr trong trng d liu Units trong hp thoi Assignment Information hoc
Assign Resources.
- Phn cng thm mt ti nguyn khc ti nhim v chia s bt cng vic.
- Thm th cng mt s tr hon ca cn i ti nguyn ti mt s phn cng.
Nu s phn b vt mc l khng qu nghim trng (nh s phn cng 9 ting lm vic
trong mt ngy lm vic bnh thng 8 ting), bn c th gi s phn b vt mc trong k
hoch.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn nhn thy thm cc s phn b vt
mc v ti nguyn khc trong k hoch ra mt cun sch tr em mi. Khng ging nh s vt
mc rt nh ca Carole Polans m bn thy phn trc, bn c th thy thm cc s phn b
vt mc nghim trng hn i vi Hany Morcos m yu cu cn phi c hnh ng khc phc.
Trong v d ny, bn s s dng khung nhn Resoure Usage kim tra cc s phn cng
ca mt ti nguyn b phn b vt mc v chnh sa s phn cng chm dt s phn b vt
mc ny.
Weeks.
thit lp hng tun, bn c th d dng pht hin cc s phn b vt mc m chng c
th cn phi c gii quyt. Phn cng thi gian lm vic hn 40 gi mt tun cho mt ti nguyn
lm vic ton thi gian c th l mt vn nghim trng.
Ch ti mt s ci tn xut hin trong nh dng mu . y l cc ti nguyn b phn

b vt mc.
Chng XI
175

Bc 2: Di chuyn thanh cun ngang ca phn li pha thi gian sang bn phi kim tra
thm cc s phn b vt mc nghim trng trong tun khc.
Bn s thy mt vi trng hp v s phn b vt mc nh, chng hn nh 41 gi lm
vic mi tun, v mt s trng hp v s phn b vt mc m tng s thi gian lm vic trong
tun t hn 40 gi. Lu ti cc s phn b vt mc nghim trng hn c nh hng n Hany
Morcos trong thng Tm.
Nhng s phn b vt mc ny l nghim trng n mc chng ng c nghin cu

k hn. Bn s bt u vi cc s phn cng vt mc ca Hany trong thng Tm
Bc 3: Kch vo biu tng expand/collapse hnh mi tn bn cnh tn ca Hany trong
ct Name Resource.
Tip theo, bn s c c mt ci nhn k hn v cc nhim v gy ra s phn b vt mc
ca Hany trong tun ny.
Bc 4: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, trong hp chn c nhn Timescale, kch
vo Days.
Bc 5: Di chuyn thanh cun ngang trong phn li biu thi gian sang bn phi hin
th Th 6 ngy 21 Thng 8.
Lu : Bn cng c th bm t hp phm CTRL + G v trong trng d liu Date ca hp
thoi Go To, g hoc chn 21/8/15 v sau nhn OK.
dng thit lp theo ngy, bn c th thy rng Hany b phn b vt mc vo cc ngy:
th 6 ngy 21, th hai ngy 24 v th ba ngy 25 thng 8.
Bn quyt nh gim bt thi gian lm vic ca Hany trong c hai nhim v Proof and
review v Create mockup.
Chng XI
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Bc 6: Trong phn li pha thi gian ca khung nhn Resource Usage, chn vo cha
8h phn cng cho Hany th Su ngy 21 thng 8 trong nhim v Proof and review.
Bc 7: G 4h v sau nhn phm Tab nhiu ln chuyn s tp trung ti th hai ngy
24 thng 8.
Bc 8: Vi 8h phn cng cho Hany th hai ngy 24 thng 8 trong nhim v Proof and
review ang c chn, g 4h v sau nhn phm Tab.
Bc 9: Vi 8h phn cng cho Hany th ba ngy 25 thng 8 trong nhim v Proof and
review ang c chn, g 4h v sau nhn phm Tab.
Bc 10: La chn 8h phn cng cho Hany th Su ngy 21 thng 8 trong nhim v
Create mockup.
Bc 11: G 4h v sau g 4h cho cc s phn cng theo ngy ca Hany trong nhim v
Create mockup th hai ngy 24 v th ba ngy 25 thng 8.
Bc 12: Nu cn thit, di chuyn thanh cun ng ca khung nhn cho n khi tn ca
Hany v cc tng thi gian lm vic trong ngy ca c y c th nhn thy c.
Chng XI
177

Bn gii quyt s phn b qu mc ca c y trong tun ny bng cch gim thi gian
lm vic ca c trong hai nhim v. Lu rng bi hnh ng ny, bn gim khng ch thi
gian lm vic ca Hany trong cc nhim v ny m cn gim tng s thi gian lm vic trong ton
b d n. L mt ngi qun l ca d n, bn phi s dng s phn on ca bn quyt nh
chn mt cch gii quyt tt nht trong cc trng hp c th xy ra nh sau: gim thi gian lm
vic, thay i cc s phn cng ti nguyn, hoc ko di s lm vic ln thm cc ngy khc.
Tip theo, bn s nhn thy cc s phn b vt mc ti nguyn khc trong k hoch cun
sch thiu nhi mi m bn c th gii quyt mt cch t ng bng vic cn i ti nguyn.
10.3. Cn i cc ti nguyn b phn b vt mc.

Trong phn trc, bn tm hiu v s phn b ca ti nguyn, khm ph ra iu g gy ra
s phn b vt mc v gii quyt mt s phn b vt mc bng th cng. Cn i ti nguyn
Resource leveling l qu trnh lm tr hon hoc chia tch s lm vic ca ti nguyn trong mt
nhim v gii quyt mt s phn b vt mc. Bn c th s dng cc ty chn trong hp thoi
Level Resource thit lp cc thng s lin quan n cch thc m bn mun Project gii quyt
cc s phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn. Project s c gng gii quyt nhng s phn b vt
mc nh vy khi cn i cc ti nguyn. Ty thuc vo cc ty chn bn chn, n c th tr hon
ngy bt u ca mt s phn cng hoc ca mt nhim v hoc chia tch s lm vic trong nhim
v.
Lu : Mc d cc nh hng ca vic cn i ti nguyn trong mt k hoch tin c th
l ng k, nhng vic cn i ti nguyn khng thay i ngi c phn cng n nhim v
v cng khng thay i tng s thi gian lm vic hoc cc gi tr lng phn cng ca nhng s
phn cng ny.
V d, hy xem xt cc nhim v sau y. Mt ti nguyn lm vic ton thi gian c phn
cng n tt c cc nhim v ny.
Trong kiu phn chia khung nhn ny, khung nhn Resource Graph xut hin bn di
khung nhn Gantt Chart. Vo ngy th nht (Day 1) ti nguyn b phn b vt mc 200%. Vo
ngy th 2, ti nguyn c phn b ng mc 100%. Vo ngy th 3, mt ln na ti nguyn b
phn b vt mc 200%. V t ngy th 4 tr i th ti nguyn c phn b ng mc 100%.
Khi bn thc thi vic cn i ti nguyn, Project s tr hon ngy bt u ca nhim v
th hai v th ba ti nguyn ny khng b phn b vt mc.
Chng XI
178
Lu rng ngy kt thc mun nht trong cc nhim v chuyn t ngy th 6 (Day 6)
sang ngy th 8 (Day 8). y l trng hp cn i ti nguyn ph bin v thng y li ngy
kt thc ca k hoch. C tng s tm ngy lm vic trc khi cn i, v hai trong s nhng ngy
b chng cho dn n ti nguyn b phn b vt mc trong hai ngy ny. Sau khi cn i,
tng s tm ngy lm vic vn gi nguyn nhng ti nguyn khng cn b phn b vt mc.
Cn i ti nguyn l mt cng c mnh m, nhng n ch t c mt vi iu c bn,
l: N tr hon cc nhim v, chia tch cc nhim v v tr hon cc s phn cng ti nguyn.
N lm iu theo mt s thit lp kh phc tp ca cc quy tc v ty chn m bn ch r trong
hp thoi Resource Leveling. (Cc ty chn ny c gii thch trong v d sau y). Cn i ti
nguyn l mt cng c tinh chnh tuyt vi, nhng n vn khng th thay th c s phn on
tuyt vi ca bn v s sn dng lm vic ca ti nguyn, cc thi hn thc hin, cc mi quan
h v cc rng buc ca nhim v. Cn i ti nguyn s lm vic vi tt c cc thng tin ny khi
n c nhp vo k hoch ca bn, nhng n c th khng hon ton gii quyt tt c cc s
phn b vt mc v ti nguyn trong khung thi gian mong mun, tr khi bn thay i mt s
gi tr ca cc nhim v v ti nguyn thit yu trong k hoch. Cc bin php thm khc c th
l gim ton b phm vi ca cng vic hoc b sung thm cc ti nguyn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn kim tra v gii quyt bng th
cng mt s trng hp phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn trong k hoch ra mt cun sch thiu
nhi mi. By gi bn cng hiu c bn v cn i ti nguyn v bn sn sng s dng
tnh nng cn i ti nguyn ca Project.
Trong v d ny, bn cn i cc ti nguyn v xem cc nh hng ti cc s phn cng.
Chng XI
179

Lu rng mt vi ci tn ti nguyn xut hin trong nh dng mu v hin th ch th
phn b vt mc trong ct ch s ID.
Bc 2: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Level, kch vo Leveling Options.
Hp thoi Resource Leveling xut hin. Trong mt s cc bc tip theo, bn s ln lt
tm hiu cc ty chn trong hp thoi ny.
Bc 3: Bn di nhn Leveling calculations, m bo rng Manual ang c chn.
Cc thit lp khu vc ny quyt nh Project s t ng cn i cc ti nguyn (Ty
chn Automatic) hoc ch cn i khi bn yu cu (Manual). Khi cn i l t ng th n s t
ng xy ra ngay khi c mt ti nguyn no tr nn b phn b vt mc.
Lu : Tt c cc thit lp trong hp thoi Resource Leveling p dng cho tt c cc tp
tin Project khi chng c m trong phn mm Projcet ch khng ch ring i vi tp tin ang
c m ra lc ny. S dng cn i t ng nghe c v hp dn, nhng n s thng xuyn gy
ra cc iu chnh ti k hoch cho d bn mun hay khng. V l do ny, chng ti khuyn bn
nn gi thit lp ny l Manual (th cng).
Bc 4: Trong hp chn c nhn Look for overallocations on a basic, hy chc chn
rng Day by Day ang c chn.
Thit lp ny xc nh khung thi gian m Project s tm kim cc s phn b vt mc.
Nu mt ti nguyn b phn b vt mc, tn ca n s c nh dng bng mu . Nu n b
phn b vt mc mc m bn chn y, Project cng s hin th ch th b phn b vt
mc bn cnh tn ca n
V d, nu bn c mt ti nguyn, Steve, phn cng lm vic trn hai nhim v trong cng
mt ngy, v tng s thi gian lm vic cho ngy hm trong hai nhim v ny l by gi. Vn
c th c mt s phn b vt mc vo ngy ny, iu s xy ra nu hai nhim v ny chng
cho ln nhau d ch mt pht, hoc do phn cng Steve lm nhiu hn so vi gi tr Max Units
ca anh y. Bn c th khng mun Project dnh nhiu thi gian x l mt trong nhng s
phn b vt mc b nh ny. C l i vi d n ny, min l Steve khng b phn cng lm vic
nhiu hn tm gi trong mt ngy th vic phn b chng cho mt vi pht khng quan trng vi
bn. Trong trng hp , bn s cn i theo c s Day By Day ni cho Projcet b qua bt
k s phn b vt mc m mc chng cho l gi hoc pht.
Tuy nhin, nu Steve c phn cng lm vic chn gi trong mt ngy, sau cn i
vi thit lp Day By Day s c gng gii quyt s phn b vt mc ny. Lm nh vy Project
s gii quyt s phn b vt mc m do Steve lm vic nhiu hn tm gi trong mt ngy, nhng
c th li mt s phn b vt mc nh hn.
C th bn c mt d n c ln k hoch tin cht ch theo kiu tng gi tng pht.
Trong th loi d n ny, bn c th mun cn i vi thit lp Minute By Minute hoc Hour By
Hour.
Tm li, vi thit lp Day by Day th Project s cn i vi cc trng hp phn b vt
mc thi gian lm vic trong ngy ( v d phn b lm vic 9 ting/ngy ln hn thi gian lm
vic mc nh 8 ting mt ngy); thit lp Week by week cn i vi trng hp phn b vt mc
thi gian lm vic trong tun ( 48 ting mi tun), V cn i vi thit lp Minute By Minute s
khng b qua bt c s phn b vt mc no, v khng quan tm n s phn b vt mc
l ln hay b.
Lu : Trong hu ht cc d n, cn i vi mc chi tit hn mc Day by Day c th
dn n c cc iu chnh khng thc t ti cc s phn cng. Nu bn khng mun thy cc ch
th v vic phn b vt mc cho mc Day by Day, chn Week by Week trong hp chn c
nhn Look for overallocations on a basic v sau nhn nt OK. Lm nh vy s khng cn
i ti nguyn, nhng n s quyt nh khi no th Project hin th cc ch th b phn b vt
mc bn cnh tn ca ti nguyn.
Chng XI
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Bc 5: Hy chc chn rng ty chn Clear leveling values before leveling ang c
chn.
i khi bn s cn phi cn i i, cn i li cc ti nguyn c c nhng kt qu m
bn mun. V d, c th lc u bn c gng cn i mc Week by Week, ri sau chuyn
sang Day by Day. Nu ty chn Clear leveling values before leveling ang c chn, Project s
g b bt c cc tr hon hin c do vic cn i ti nguyn ra khi cc nhim v v cc s phn
cng trc khi cn i tip. V d, nu trc bn cn i k hoch v sau thm cc s
phn cng khc ti k hoch ny th bn c th g b tch chn Clear leveling values before
leveling trc khi cn i ti nguyn ln tip theo bn khng mt i cc kt qu ca vic cn
i trc .
Bc 6: Bn di khu vc Leveling range for Advanced Plan, chc chn rng ty chn
Level entire project c chn.
y l ni bn chn Project cn i trong ton b k hoch hoc ch nhng s phn
cng nm trong phm vi ngy thng no do bn ch nh. Cn i theo phm vi ngy thng c
bit hu ch sau khi bn bt u theo di cng vic thc t din ra v bn ch mun cn i cc
s phn cng cn li trong k hoch.
Bc 7: Bn trong hp chn c nhn Leveling order bn di khu vc c nhn Resolving
averollocations, chc chn rng Standard c chn.
y l ni bn iu khin quyn u tin m Project s dng quyt nh nhng nhim
v no nn tr hon gii quyt s xung t ca mt ti nguyn. Ty chn ID Only tr hon cc
nhim v ch theo s ID ca chng: Nhim v c s ID cao hn (v d, 10) s b tr hon trc cc
nhim v c s ID thp hn (v d, 5). Bn c th mun s dng ty chn ny khi k hoch ca
bn khng c cc mi quan h v nhim v hoc cc rng buc ca nhim v. Ty chn Standard
tr hon cc nhim v theo cc mi quan h vi nhim v tin nhim, cc ngy bt u, cc rng
buc ca nhim v, thi gian chng, s u tin v ID. Ty chn Priority Standard quan tm n
gi tr u tin ca nhim v trc cc tiu ch khc ca ty chn Standard. (Gi tr u tin ca
nhim v l mt s hng nm gia 0 v 1000 th hin s thch ng ca nhim v i vi vic cn
i ti nguyn. Cc nhim v c s u tin thp nht b tr hon hoc chia tch u tin).
Bc 8: m bo rng ty chn Level only within available slack khng c tch chn.
Vic khng tch chn hp kim ny cho php Project ko di ngy kt thc ca k hoch
khi cn thit gii quyt cc s phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn.
Vic tch chn hp kim ny s ngn chn Project ko di ngy kt thc ca k hoch
gii quyt vic cc s phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn. Thay vo , Project s ch s dng thi
gian chng t do (free slack) hin c trong k hoch. Ty thuc vo tng k hoch, vic ny c
th khng gii quyt hon ton cc s phn b vt mc ca ti nguyn.
Bc 9: m bo rng ty chn Leveling can adjust individual assignments on a task c
tch chn.
iu ny cho php Project thm mt s tr hon ca vic cn i ( hoc mt s chia tch
s lm vic trong cc s phn cng nn ty chn Leveling Can Create Splits In Remaining Work
cng c chn) mt cch c lp vi bt k cc ti nguyn khc c phn cng ti cng nhim
v. iu ny c th khin cc ti nguyn bt u v kt thc s lm vic trong mt nhim v ti
cc thi im khc nhau.
Ty chn ny mang li cho Project kh nng di chuyn s bt u ca s phn cng ca
ti nguyn b phn b qu ti trong mt nhim v m khng tr hon s phn cng ca cc ti
nguyn khc cng lm vic trong nhim v . Ty chn ny cho php Project di chuyn ch mi
ti nguyn b phn b vt mc thay v phi tr hon ton b nhim v. Hnh sau th hin hai
nhim v. Nhim v Task Two c phn cng cho c Steve v Frank, nhng Steve ch lm vic
bn ngy u tin ( t th hai n th su). Steve cng c giao cho nhim v Task One nhng
c s chng ln tm gi lm vic m ng c phn cng Task Two.
Chng XI
181
Nu ty chn Leveling can adjust individual assignments on a task khng c tch chn,
Nhim v Task Two s c di chuyn bt u vo ngy th Ba, mc d Frank vn c th lm
vic vo th hai. Nhng nu bn tch chn ty chn ny, Project s tr hon s phn cng ca
Steve trong nhim v Task Two sau mt ngy ng vn c th lm nhim v Task One trong
ngy th hai, v sau bt u thc hin nhim v Task Two vo th Ba. Trong khi Frank vn
bt u lm vic t ngy th hai.
Bc 10: Hy chc chn rng Leveling can create splits in remaining work c tch chn.
iu ny cho php Project chia tch s lm vic trong mt nhim v ( hoc trong mt s
phn cng nu ty chn Leveling Can Adjust Individual Assignments On A Task cng c chn)
gii quyt s phn b vt mc. V d ti nguyn Steve c phn cng lm vic 4 ting
nhim v A trong ngy th hai. Ti nguyn Steve v Frank c phn cng lm vic 8 ting
trong nhim v B ( nhim v B c s ID ln hn nhim v A) v cng trong ngy th hai. Nh vy
Steve b chng cho 4 ting gia hai nhim v, khi ty chn ny c chn th thi gian lm vic
8 ting ca ti nguyn Steve trong nhim v B s b chia tch thnh hai phn, mi phn 4 ting. 4
ting lm vic trong nhim v B cho ngy th hai v 4 ting lm vic vo ngy th 3.
Bc 11: Hy chc chn rng Level resource with the proposed booking type khng c
tch chn. (Ty chn ny ch c vi bn MS Project Professional ).
iu ny khin Project khng a cc ti nguyn xut (Proposed resource) vo xem
xt khi cn i ti nguyn. Trong khung nhn Resource Sheet cn c mt trng d liu gi l
Booking type gm hai loi l Proposed ( xut) v Committed ( y thc).
Bc 12: Hy chc chn rng Level manually scheduled tasks c tch chn.
iu ny cho php Project cn i c cc nhim v c ch tin th cng thay v ch
mi nhim v c ch tin t ng. Cc nhim v c ch tin th cng d b phn b
vt mc hn nhim v c ch tin t ng.
By gi, bn xem qua tt c cc ty chn v cn i ti nguyn v bn ang sn sng

cn i trong k hoch ny.
Chng XI
182

Bc 13: Nhn nt Level All.
Lu : Sau khi bn thit lp cc ty chn v cn i ti nguyn theo mun ca bn trong
hp thoi Resource Leveling, bn c th cn i cc ti nguyn b phn b vt mc trong k
hoch d n bng cch nhn vo nt Level All trong nhm lnh Level thuc tab Resource. Bn
khng cn phi quay tr li hp thoi Resource Leveling, tr khi bn mun thay i cc ty chn
v vic cn i.
Project s cn i cc ti nguyn b phn b vt mc.
Lu rng cc ch th v vic b phn b vt mc khng cn.

Tip theo, bn s xem xt k hoch d n trc v sau khi cn i bng cch s dng khung
nhn Leveling Gantt.
Bc 14: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task View, kch vo biu tng u mi tn bn
di nt lnh Gantt Chart v sau kch vo More Views.
Bc 15: Trong hp thoi More Views, kch vo Leveling Gantt, v sau nhn Apply.
Project chuyn sang khung nhn Leveling Gantt.
Bc 16: Trn Tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, kch Entire Project.
Khung nhn ny mang li cho bn mt s quan st tt hn v mt s nhim v b nh hng
bi vic cn i.
Bc 17: Di chuyn thanh cun ng trong khung nhn Leveling Gantt xung pha di
nhn thy nhim v 46, nhim v khi qut Book launch prep.
y l mt trong s cc nhim v b nh hng ng k bi vic cn i ti nguyn. Ch

rng mi nhim v u c hai thanh bar. Thanh bar trn i din cho nhim v trc khi cn
i (Preleved Task). Bn c th thy ngy bt u, kt thc v thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim
v trc khi b cn i bng cch di chuyn con tr chut ti thanh bar mu xm i din cho n.
Thanh bar di i din cho nhim v sau khi c cn i.
Project gii quyt ht cc s phn b vt mc ti nguyn. i vi k hoch c th ny
th vic cn i ti nguyn khng ko di ngy kt thc ca d n. Nhim v c ln tin
Chng XI
183

kt thc mun nht trong d n (nhim v 45, Print and ship) vn cn c mt s thi gian trng
v thi hn thc hin ca nhim v khi qut ca n c nhp bng th cng.
11.4. Kim tra chi ph v ngy kt thc ca k hoch.

Khng phi tt c cc k hoch d n u bao gm cc thng tin v chi ph, nhng i vi
nhng ngi tng thc hin d n th theo di cc chi ph ca d n c th quan trng nh,
hoc quan trng hn c vic theo di ngy kt thc ca d n. Trong phn ny, bn kim tra c chi
ph v ngy kt thc ca k hoch.
Hai yu t cn xem xt khi kim tra cc chi ph ca d n l loi chi ph c th m bn
mun xem v cch thc tt nht m bn c th thy chng.
Cc loi chi ph m bn c th gp phi trong vng i ca mt d n bao gm nhng ci
sau y:
- Chi ph c s (Baseline Cost): L cc chi ph ca cc nhim v, ti nguyn hoc s phn
cng ban u c lu trong mt ng c s (xem Baseline-Chng VII).
- Chi ph hin ti (Current Cost): L cc chi ph tnh ton ca cc nhim v, ti nguyn
hoc s phn cng ti thi im hin ti ca k hoch. Khi bn thc hin cc iu chnh trong mt
k hoch, chng hn nh phn cng thm hoc g b bt cc ti nguyn, Project tnh ton li cc
chi ph hin ti ch khi n tnh ton li ngy bt u v kt thc ca nhim v. Sau khi bn bt u
buc phi gnh chu cc chi ph thc t (thng bng cch theo di s vic din ra ngoi thc t),
chi ph hin ti bng cch cng chi ph thc t vi chi ph cn li ca tng nhim v, ti nguyn
hoc tng s phn cng. Cc chi ph hin ti l cc gi tr m bn nhn thy trong cc trng d
liu c nhn Cost hoc Total Cost.
- Chi ph thc t (Actual Cost): l cc chi ph m cc nhim v, ti nguyn hoc s phn
cng phi gch chu thc t.
- Chi ph cn li (Remaining Cost): L s chnh lch gia chi ph hin ti v chi ph thc
t ca nhim v, ti nguyn hoc s phn cng.
Bn c th cn phi so snh cc loi chi ph ny (v d, gia c s vi thc t) hoc kim
tra cc loi chi ph ny ca tng nhim v, ti nguyn hoc s phn cng. Hoc bn c th cn
phi kim tra cc gi tr chi ph ca cc nhim v khi qut hoc ca ton b k hoch. Mt s
cch thc thng thng dng xem cc loi chi ph trn l:
- Bn c th thy cc gi tr chi ph ca k hoch trong hp thoi Project Statistics (Bn
s thc hin iu sau y).
- Bn cng c th xem hoc in bo co v dng tin-Cash flow, ngn sch, chi ph pht
sinh-Cost Overrun cho c nhim v ln ti nguyn, v gi tr li-Earned Value. ( lm c iu
ny, trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, kch Costs).
- Bn c th nhn thy cc thng tin v chi ph ca s cn i nhim v, ti nguyn hoc
s phn cng trong khung nhn kiu Usage bng cch hin th bng Cost. ( lm iu ny, vo
tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables v sau chn Cost).
- xem cc chi tit ca chi ph c phn b theo thi gian trong mt khung nhn kiu
Usage: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Details, kch Add Details v sau chn cc gi tr ca
chi ph m bn mun.
Ngoi chi ph ra th ngy kt thc cng l mt thc o quan trng (thng l quan trng
nht) ca mt k hoch. Ngy kt thc ca mt k hoch l mt hm s ph thuc thi hn thc
hin v ngy bt u ca n. Hu ht cc d n u c mt ngy kt thc mong mun hoc mm
do ( d thay i) v rt nhiu d n c mt ngy kt thc phi l mt ngy no ( ngy kt thc
cng nhc). Khi qun l nhng d n nh vy, iu quan trng l bn phi bit ngy kt thc hin
ti ca d n.
Chng XI
184

Lu : Trong ngn ng qun l d n, ngy kt thc ca mt d n c quyt nh bi l
trnh then cht (Criterial path) ca n. L trnh then cht l mt chui cc nhim v m ngy kt
thc ca bt k nhim v no thuc chng b tr hon s y li ngy kt thc ca d n. V l do
ny, khi nh gi thi hn thc hin ca mt d n, bn nn tp trung ch yu vo cc nhim v
thuc l trnh then cht, c gi l cc nhim v then cht. Nh li rng t then cht-Critical
trong ng cnh ny khng ni ln mc quan trng v cng vic ca cc nhim v ny i vi
ton b d n. N ch cp n vic ln tin ca cc nhim v ny s nh hng nh th no
n ngy kt thc ca d n. Nu cn thit bn c th xem li l trnh then cht trong chng IX.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn tinh chnh cc phn quan trng
ca k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi gm: cc s phn cng ti nguyn, cc chi ph v cc thi
hn thc hin ca nhim v. xem cc gi tr ca chi ph v ngy kt thc hin ti ca k hoch,
bn s chuyn sang mt khung nhn khc v sau xem gi tr tng cng trong hp thoi Project
Information.
Trong v d ny, bn xem ngy kt thc d n, cc chi ph tng hp v cc chi ph ca tng
nhim v ring r.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch vo Other Views, v sau kch
vo Task Sheet.
Project s chuyn sang khung nhn Task Sheet. Tip theo, bn s chuyn sang bng Cost.
Lu : Bn khon v ni m Project c c tn ca nhim v tng qut ca d n ny
hin th cho nhim v c ID 0? Project s dng ni dung c nhp trong hp nhp c nhn
Title trong hp thoi Advanced Properties (trn tab File, kch Info, v kch Project Information)
lm tn ca nhim v tng qut ca d n. Hoc, nu bn trng trong hp nhp c nhn Title
th Project s s dng tn tp tin lm tn ca nhim v khi qut. Nu bn thay i tn ca nhim
v khi qut sau khi bn hin th n th ni dung ca hp nhp c nhn Title s cp nht thay
i theo v ngc li.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables v sau kch Cost.
Bng Cost xut hin.
y, bn c th thy cc loi gi tr chi ph ca ton b d n ( cc chi ph tng hp ca

nhim v tng qut c ID l 0), ca tng giai on ca d n (cc chi ph tng hp ca cc nhim
v khi qut ) v ca tng nhim v ring r.
Ti thi im ny trong vng i ca d n, k hoch ny vn cha lu mt ng c s
(Baseline). V vy, ct c nhn Baseline ch cha mi gi tr 0. Tng t nh vy, k hoch ny
vn cha cha ng bt k s tin trin no nn ct c nhn Actual ch cha mi gi tr 0.
Chng XI
185

Tip theo, bn s kim tra li ngy kt thc ca k hoch.
Trong hp thoi Project Information, bn c th thy ngy kt thc theo tin hin ti
ca k hoch. Lu rng bn c th chnh sa ngy bt u ca d n y, nhng khng thay
i c ngy kt thc ca n. Project tnh ngy kt thc ny da vo ngy bt u v thi hn
thc hin tng th ca k hoch.
Tip theo, bn s nhn thy cc gi tr v thi hn thc hin ca k hoch ny.
Bc 4: Trong hp thoi Project Information bm Statistics...
Hp thoi thoi Project Statistics xut hin. y mt ln na bn cng c th nhn thy
ngy bt u v kt thc hin ti ca k hoch.
K hoch ny hin cha c ng c s (Baseline) v cng vic thc t (Actual) cha c

ghi chp li nn bn s thy g tr NA trong cc trng d liu thuc ct Start v Finish i vi
hng Baseline v Actual, v gi tr 0 trong ct c nhn Duration v Work i vi hng Baseline
v Actual.
Cng lu rng gi tr chi ph thuc hng c nhn Current cng ging vi nhng g bn
thy trong khung nhn Task Sheet.
Bc 5: Kch Close ng hp thoi Project Statistics.
11.5. Dng s hot ng ca nhim v.

Quan trng: Kh nng dng hot ng ca nhim v ch c sn trong bn MS Project
Professional. Nu bn ang s dng bn MS Project Standard, c th b qua phn ny.
Chng XI
186

Bn c th c cc nhim v trong mt k hoch m sau ny bn c th quyt nh khng
mun hon thnh n, nhng bn cng khng mun mt cc thng tin chi tit v nhng nhim v
ny bng cch xa chng i.
Trong phin bn MS Project Professional, bn c th dng hot ng mt nhim v hoc
nhiu nhim v. Vic dng hot ng ca cc nhim v c th thch hp hn vic xa b chng
i, v n vn gi cc thng tin v nhim v trong k hoch d n, nhng li g b cc nh hng
ti vic ln tin ca cc nhim v ny. V d, mt nhim v m n dn dt ngy bt u ca
mt nhim v k nhim, khi b dng hot ng n vn c nhn thy nhng li b p nh dng
gch ngang ln tn ca n trong khung nhn Gantt Chart v cc khung nhn khc, v mi quan h
lin kt ca n l b ph v dn n nhim v k nhim ca n c ln tin li.
Nu sau ny bn mun kch hot li s hot ng cc nhim v b dng hot ng th bn
c th d dng lm iu , v Proejct s khi phc li s hot ng ca chng cng nh cc
nh hng ti vic ln tin m trc chng c.
Lu : Bn ch c th dng hot ng nhng nhim v m cha c ghi chp li s tin
trin ca chng. Bn cng khng th dng hot ng cc nhim v hon thnh hoc cc nhim
v m c bt k s tin trin no c ghi chp li.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn chia s chi ph hin ti v cc thng
tin chi tit v tin ca k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi vi qun l ca nh xut bn. C y
yu cu bn ch r mt s hot ng c th b ct i gim chi ph m khng gy nh hng
nghim trng n k hoch. Bn xc nh c cc hot ng m c th ct gim, v xem
kt qu ca vic ct chng trong khi vn gi li c hi d dng khi phc li chng, bn s
dng hot ng cc nhim v .
Trong v d ny, bn s dng hot ng mt nhim v khi qut v cc nhim v con ca
n.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch vo u mi tn bn di nt
lnh Gantt Chart v kch Gantt Chart.
Lu : Bn ang bn khon l ti sao bn li khng kch trc tip vo nt lnh Gantt Chart?
Nh li rng Project cha ng rt nhiu khung nhn dng Gantt. Nt lnh Gantt Chart s hin
th bt k khung nhn dng Gantt m ln cui cng bn hin th, trong trng hp ny l khung
nhn Leveling Gantt. hin th khung nhn Gantt Chart ti thi im ny, bn cn phi chn n
t trong danh sch cc khung nhn.
Bc 2: Chn tn ca nhim v 39, Design books companion website ..
Nhim v khi qut ny v cc nhim v con ca n phn nh mt d kin ban u v cng
vic thit k mt trang wed y mnh vic bn cun sch khi n c xut bn. Bn vn ngh
rng bn c th vn mun cng vic ny trong k hoch ra mt cun sch mi, nhng by gi, bn
mun dng hot ng cc nhim v ny.
Bc 4: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Schedule, kch Inactivate.
Project s dng s hot ng ca nhim v khi qut ny v cc nhim v con ca n.
Chng XI
187

Cc thng tin ban u v nhim v vn c nhn thy, nhng by gi n khng cn nh
hng n tng th k hoch. Sau ny, nu bn quyt nh mun chng hot ng tr li th bn
c th kch hot li bng cch kch vo nt Inactivate mt ln na.
Chng XI
188
T chc sp xp cc chi tit ca k

hoch
Chng XII
189

Sau khi bn xy dng mt k hoch trong Project, rt c th bn s cn phi kim tra cc
kha cnh c th ca k hoch cho mc ch phn tch ca ring bn hoc chia s vi cc bn lin
quan khc. Mc d cc khung nhn, cc bng v cc bo co c sn trong Microsoft Project 2013
cung cp rt nhiu cch thc kim tra mt k hoch, nhng bn vn c th cn phi t chc xp
xp cc thng tin cho ph hp vi cc nhu cu c th ca ring bn.
Trong chng ny, bn s dng mt s cng c trong Project kim sot nhng d liu
g s xut hin v n c t chc sp xp nh th no.
12.1. Sp xp cc chi tit ca k hoch.

Sp xp -Softing l cch n gin nht t chc li d liu ca nhim v hoc ti nguyn
trong Project. Bn c th sp xp cc nhim v hoc cc ti nguyn theo tiu ch c xc nh
t trc, hoc bn c th to ra trnh t sp xp ca ring bn vi ti a ba cp lng trong nhau.
V d, u tin bn c th sp xp cc ti nguyn theo nhm ti nguyn ( l gi tr trong trng
d liu c nhn Group-c th l Design, Editorial trong v d sau y) v sau sp xp theo
chi ph trong tng nhm ti nguyn .
Khi bn sp xp d liu, th t sp xp p dng cho khung nhn ang c m ra m khng
quan tm n loi bng c th ang c hin th trong khung nhn . V d, nu bn sp xp
khung nhn Gantt Chart theo ngy bt u-Start trong khi ang hin th bng nhp d liu Entry
v sau chuyn sang bng chi ph-Cost, bn s thy cc nhim v vn c sp xp theo ngy
bt u trong bng chi ph. Bn cng c th sp xp trong hu ht cc khung nhn m n khng
cha ng bt k bng no, chng hn nh khung nhn Graph Resource.
Cng ging nh vic phn nhm v lc, m bn s lm vic vi chng phn sau ca
chng ny, sp xp khng thay i cc d liu c bn ca k hoch tin m n ch n gin
l xp t li cc d liu bn c trong khung nhn ang c m ra theo trt t mi. Ch c mt
ngoi l duy nht l ty chn m Project a ra nh li s ID ca nhim v hoc ti nguyn
sau khi sp xp.
Tht l tt khi thng xuyn nh li s ID ca cc nhim v hoc cc ti nguyn nu l
nhng g bn nh lm. V d, khi xy dng mt danh sch ti nguyn, bn c th nhp tn ti
nguyn theo trnh t m cc ti nguyn tham gia vo d n ca bn. Sau , khi danh sch c
hon tt, bn c th mun sp xp tn ca chng theo th t abc v nh li s ID ca chng.
Trong k hoch ra mt cun sch thiu nhi mi nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing trong
tp tin v d, mi ti nguyn c phn cng ti k hoch u thuc mt trong cc nhm ti
nguyn. Nhng nhm ny c nhng ci tn nh Design-thit k, Editorial-bin tp, v nhng ci
khc c lin quan n mt nh xut bn sch. i vi cc k hoch ca bn, bn c th s dng
cc nhm ti nguyn i din cho cc nhm chc nng, cc phng ban, hoc bt c th g m
m t hp l nht cc nhm ca cc ti nguyn lm vic tng t nhau.
Sp xp tt c cc ti nguyn theo nhm ti nguyn cho php bn xem cc chi ph lin quan
n mi nhm ti nguyn mt cch d dng hn. iu ny c th gip bn ln k hoch ngn sch
cho d n ca bn. Bn cng c th sp xp cc ti nguyn trong tng nhm theo chi ph t tn
km nht n t tn km nht.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn mun kim tra cc chi ph ti nguyn
trong k hoch ra mt cun sch cho tr em mi mt cch chi tit. Ngoi vic nhn thy cc gi tr
chi ph ca tng ti nguyn da trn mc lng v thi gian lm vic c phn cng ca h, bn
cng mun xem cc gi tr chi ph c sp xp theo cc nhm ti nguyn i din cho cc
phng ban ti nh xut bn Lucerne. Chng bao gm cc nhm nh Editorial v Production.
Bn cn cc tp tin Advanced Organizing_Start nm trong th mc Practises/Chapter 12 i
km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Organizing _Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc c
tn l Advanced Organizing.
Chng XII
190

Khung nhn Resource Sheet xut hin. Theo mc nh, bng nhp d liu Entry xut hin
trong khung nhn Resource Sheet; Tuy nhin, trong bng Entry c cc mc lng nhng n khng
hin th trng d liu tng chi ph cho tng ti nguyn. Thay vo , bn s chuyn sang bng
Summary.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables v sau kch Summary.
Lu : Bn c th xc nh c tn ca bng ang c m ra bng cch di chuyn con
tr chut ti nt Select All gc trn bn tri ca bng, mt Tooltip xut hin cng vi tn ca
bng . Bn cng c th kch chut phi vo nt Select All chuyn sang mt bng khc.
Bng Summary xut hin.
By gi bn sn sng xp xp khung nhn Resource Sheet.

Bc 3: Nhp vo biu tng u mi tn AutoFilter trong tiu ca ct Cost, v trong
menu xut hin, nhp vo Sort Largest to Smallest.
Lu : Nu bn khng nhn thy biu tng u mi tn AutoFilter trong cc tiu ca
ct th hy th lm iu ny: trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, trong hp chn c Filter cnh
nt lnh Outline, kch Display AutoFilter.
Khung nhn Resource Sheet c sp xp theo ct Cost vi th t gim dn.
S sp xp ny l ph hp i vi vic xem chi ph ca ti nguyn trong ton b k hoch,

nhng c l bn li mun thy cc d liu ny c t chc theo nhm ti nguyn. thy iu
ny, bn s p dng mt th t sp xp hai cp .
Bc 4: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo Sort v sau kch vo Sort By.
Hp thoi Sort xut hin. Trong hp thoi ny, bn c th p dng ln n ba cp tiu
ch sp xp c lng vo nhau.
Chng XII
191

Bc 5: Bn di khu vc c nhn Soft By, kch chn Group trong hp chn c danh sch
th xung v kch chn ty chn Ascending bn cnh.
Lu : Khi la chn cc cc mc t mt danh sch ging nh y, bn thng c th bt
y bng vic g tn ca mc m bn mun, v khi tn y ca mc xut hin, chn n.
Group y lin quan n trng d liu thuc ct c nhn Resource Group, v trong ct
ny ca tp tin k hoch ra mt cun sch thiu nhi mi, cha ng cc gi tr nh Design, Editorial
l nhng nhm m phn ln cc ti nguyn trong k hoch ny c lin quan ti.
Bc 6: Bn di khu vc c nhn Then By ( nm gia hp thoi), kch chn Cost trong
hp chn c danh sch th xung v kch chn ty chn Descending bn cnh.
Lu : Bn c th sp xp theo bt k trng d liu no, ch khng ch vi cc trng d
liu c th nhn thy trong khung nhn ang c m ra. Tuy nhin, bn s d dng quan st c
s xp xp theo cc trng d liu ang c nhn thy v trong trng hp ny l trng d liu
Cost.
Bc 7: Chc chn rng hp kim c nhn Permanently renumber resources khng c
tch chn.
Lu : Hp kim c nhn Permanently renumber resources ( hoc trong khung nhn dng
Task v d khung nhn Task Usage th l Permanently renumber tasks ) trong hp thoi Sort l
mt thit lp cp chung trong Project; nu n c la chn, Project s thng xuyn nh
li s ID ca cc ti nguyn hoc cc nhim v trong bt k k hoch no c m ra trong
phn mm Project khi bn sp xp n. Bi v bn c th khng mun nh li s ID ca cc ti
nguyn hoc cc nhim v mt cch thng xuyn cho mi ln bn sp xp nn hp kim ny
khng tch chn.
Bc 8: Bm nt Soft.
Project sp xp khung nhn Resource Sheet hin th cc ti nguyn theo nhm (Design,
Editorial) v trong tng nhm chng c sp xp theo chi ph.
Kiu sp xp ny khin bn d dng xc nh c cc ti nguyn t tn km nht trong

tng nhm ti nguyn lm vic trong d n ra mt cun sch mi.
Chng XII
192

kt thc v d ny, bn s sp xp li cc ti nguyn tr li th t ban u ( theo s
ID) trc khi n c sp xp.
Bc 9: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Soft v sau kch by ID.
Project sp xp li danh sch cc ti nguyn theo s ID ca chng.
V tr ca cc s ID khng ng th t mang li cho bn mt du hiu th gic rng mt

khung nhn dng Task hoc Resource c sp xp. Nu bn thy rng mt s sp xp c
p dng nhng bn khng bit l kiu sp xp no th bn c th tm thy trong hp thoi Sort.
Bn khng th lu li nhng thit lp sp xp c ty chnh m bn thc hin. Tuy nhin,
th t sp xp m bn thit lp gn y nht s c hiu lc cho n khi bn sp xp li khung nhn.
12.2. Phn nhm cc chi tit ca k hoch.

Khi bn pht trin mt k hoch, bn c th s dng cc khung nhn c sn trong Project
xem v phn tch d liu ca bn theo nhiu cch. Mt cch khc xem cc d liu trong
khung nhn dng Task v Resource l phn nhm. Phn nhm cho php bn t chc cc d liu
ca nhim v hay ti nguyn (hoc trong cc khung nhn dng Uasage th l d liu v s phn
cng) theo cc tiu ch m bn chn. V d, thay v xem danh sch cc ti nguyn c sp theo
s ID trong khung nhn Resource Sheet, bn c th xem cc ti nguyn c sp xp theo chi
ph. Tuy nhin phn nhm tin tin hn sp xp. Phn nhm thm cc gi tr tng, hoc cc gi tr
cun ln, trong cc phm vi m bn c th ty chnh. V d, bn c th phn nhm cc ti nguyn
theo chi ph ca chng, vi khong cch chi ph gia cc nhm l 1000 $.
Phn nhm thay i cch thc m bn xem d liu ca nhim v hoc ti nguyn ca bn,
cho php phn tch v trnh by d liu mt mc tinh t hn. Phn nhm khng thay i cu
trc c bn ca k hoch ca bn; n ch n gin l t chc li v khi qut cc d liu. Ging
nh sp xp, khi bn phn nhm d liu trong mt khung nhn th vic phn nhm ny p dng
cho tt c cc bng m bn c th hin th trong khung nhn . Bn cng c th phn nhm trong
khung nhn Network Diagram-mt loi khung nhn khng c bng.
Project cng c mt s thit lp phn nhm c sn cho cc nhim v v ti nguyn, chng
hn nh phn nhm cc nhim v theo thi hn thc hin hoc phn nhm cc nhim v theo mc
lng trung bnh. Bn cng c th ty chnh bt k s phn nhm c sn no hoc to ra ca
ring bn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn tip tc s kim tra cc chi ph ti
nguyn. Bn thy rng vic sp xp ti nguyn theo nhm ti nguyn rt hu ch bi v cc gi
tr chi ph ca cc nhm ti nguyn ny vch ra cho cc phng ban trong nh xut bn Lucerne.
By gi bn mun tu chnh thm na khung nhn cha ng cc thng tin v chi ph ti nguyn
bng cch tp hp chng thnh cc nhm. S phn nhm mi ny l mt trong nhng th bn
lng trc s s dng trong tng lai, v vy bn cng mun lu n s dng sau ny.
Trong v d ny, bn phn nhm cc ti nguyn v to ra mt thit lp phn nhm ty chnh.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Group, kch vo hp chn c nhn Group by ( ban
u n c cha ng [No Group]) v sau chn Resource Group.
Chng XII
193

Lu : Bi v ct Group ang c nhn thy trong khung nhn Resource Sheet nn bn
cng c th kch vo nt AutoFilter trong tiu ca ct Group v trong menu ng cnh xut
hin, kch chn Group on this field.
Project t chc li cc d liu ti nguyn vo trong cc nhm ti nguyn, thm cc gi tr
tng cng cho mi nhm, v trnh by cc d liu di dng cng b bung ra.
S phn nhm ny cng tng t nh vic sp xp theo nhm m bn lm phn trc,

nhng ln ny bn s thy cc gi tr chi ph tng cng ca tng nhm ti nguyn.
Project p dng nh dng mu sng ti cc hng cha d liu tng cng. Bi v cc d liu
tng cng ny nhn c t d liu cp di ca chng nn bn khng th trc tip chnh sa
chng. Vic hin th cc gi tr tng cng ny khng nh hng ti cc tnh ton v chi ph hoc
tin ca k hoch.
mang li cho bn nhiu quyn kim sot hn na v cch thc m Project t chc v
trnh by d liu, by gi bn s to ra mt thit lp phn nhm mi.
Tuy nhin, trc khi bn to mt thit lp phn nhm mi v cc ty chnh b sung trong
sut chng ny, bn s thc hin mt s thay i ti thit lp chung ca Project. Bn s thc
hin s iu chnh ny ngn chn thit lp phn nhm mi khng tr nn sn c trong cc k
hoch khc m bn c th lm vic vi chng m khng lin quan n thit lp phn nhm mi
ny. (Bn s thay i li iu chnh ny quay tr li thit lp gc ban u ca Project vo cui
chng ny).
Bc 2: Kch vo tab File v chn Options.
Bc 3: Kch vo tab Advanced v bn di khu vc c nhn Display, g b tch chn khi
hp kim c nhn Automatically add new views, tables, filters, and groups to the global.
Bc 4: Kch OK ng hp thoi Project Options.
Bc 5: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo hp chn c nhn Group by v chn
More Groups.
Hp thoi More Group xut hin.
Chng XII
194

Trong hp thoi ny, bn c th nhn thy tt c cc thit lp phn nhm c sn trong Project
dnh cho cc nhim v ( i vi khung nhn dng Task) v ti nguyn (i vi khung nhn dng
Resource). Thit lp phn nhm mi ca bn gn nh l tng t vi thit lp phn nhm c tn
l Resource Group, do bn s bt u bng cch sao chp n.
Bc 6: Chc chn rng Resource Group ang c chn, v sau kch nt Copy.
Hp thoi Group Definition xut hin.
Bc 7: Trong hp nhp c nhn Name g Resource Groups by Cost.
Bc 8: Trong ct c nhn Field Name, kch vo d liu trng ngay bn di d liu
Group.
Bc 9: G hoc chn Cost.
Bc 10: Trong d liu thuc ct Order cng hng vi d liu Cost, la chn
Descending.
Cc ti nguyn s c phn nhm da trn cc gi tr trong trng d liu Group v sau
l theo trng d liu Cost t cao xung thp.
Tip theo, bn s tinh chnh khong chi ph ( l nhng gi tr nm trong hai gi tr chi ph c
th) m Project s s dng phn nhm cc ti nguyn.
Bc 11: Vi vic hng cha d liu Cost vn ang c chn, kch Define Group
Intervals.
Hp thoi Define Group Interval s xut hin.
Bc 12: Trong hp chn c nhn Group on, chn Interval.
Bc 13: Trong hp nhp c nhn Group interval, g 1000.
Ngha l cc ti nguyn s c phn theo cc nhm c gi tr chi ph t (0 ti < 1.000), (t
1.000 ti < 2.000), (t 2.000 ti < 3.000)
Bc 14: Bm vo nt OK.
Chng XII
195

Bc 15: Bm vo nt Save lu v ng hp thoi Group Definition.
By gi, tn ca thit lp phn nhm mi, Resource Groups by Cost, s xut hin trong hp
thoi More Groups.
Bc 16: Bm vo nt Apply.
Project p dng thit lp phn nhm mi ny cho khung nhn Resource Sheet.
Cc ti nguyn c phn nhm theo cc gi tr chi ph.

Cc ti nguyn c phn nhm theo nhm ti nguyn ca chng (cc di mu hng ni
Design, Editorial li vi nhau) v, trong mi nhm chng li c phn nhm theo cc gi
tr chi ph vi khong cch nhm l 1000 $ (cc di mu xanh nht).
kt thc v d ny, bn s g b s phn nhm.
Bc 17: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo hp chn c nhn Group By v
kch chn Clear Group.
Project g b cc gi tr tng cng v cu trc dng cng, ch gi li cc d liu ban
u. Mt ln na bn s thy rng vic hin th hoc g b mt s phn nhm khng gy nh
hng n d liu trong k hoch.
Lu : Tt c cc thit lp phn nhm c sn v bt k thit lp phn nhm no do bn to
ra u c lit k trong danh sch th xung ca hp chn c nhn Group By trong nhm lnh
Data thuc tab View. Tn ca thit lp phn nhm ang c p dng s xut hin trong hp chn
ny. Kch vo hp chn xem tn ca cc thit lp phn nhm khc. Nu khng c thit lp phn
nhm no c p dng ti bng hin ti trong khung nhn ang c m ra th cm t No Group
s xut hin trong hp chn Group By.
12.3. Lc cc chi tit ca k hoch

Mt cch khc rt hu ch thay i cch thc bn xem cc thng tin ca nhim v v ti
nguyn trong Project l lc-Filter. Ging nh ci tn ca n, lc n d liu ca nhim v hoc ti
nguyn khng p ng c cc tiu ch m bn ch nh, ch hin th cc d liu m bn quan
tm. Ging nh phn nhm, lc khng thay i d liu trong k hoch ca bn, n ch n thun
thay i nhng d liu no s xut hin.
C hai cch s dng lc. Bn c th c th p dng mt b lc AutoFilter hoc mt b
lc c sn ti mt khung nhn:
Chng XII
196

- S dng b lc AutoFilter cho vic lc tm thi trong bt k bng no trong Project. Cc
biu tng mi tn AutoFilter nh xut hin bn cnh cc tn ca cc tiu ct. Kch vo biu
tng u mi tn hin th mt danh sch cha cc tiu ch m bn c th s dng lc d
liu (nm pha di cng, bn di mc Filters). Nhng tiu ch m bn thy ph thuc vo loi
d liu cha ng trong cc ct, v d tiu ch AutoFilter trong mt ct ngy thng s l cc la
chn nh Today-hm nay hoc This Month-thng ny, cng nh b lc ty chnh, bn c th ch
r cc tiu ch ca ring bn. Bn s dng AutoFilter trong Project ging nh ci cch m bn s
dng n trong Microsoft Excel.
- p dng mt b lc c sn hoc ty chnh ch xem cc thng tin ca nhim v hoc ti
nguyn m p ng cc tiu ch ca b lc. V d, b lc Critical ch hin th cc nhim v thuc
l trnh then cht. Mt s b lc c sn, chng hn nh b lc Task Range, nhc bn nhp cc tiu
ch c th- v d, l phm vi cha cc s ID ca nhim v. Nu mt khung nhn ang c p
dng mt b lc, dng ch "Filter Applied" s xut hin trn thanh trng thi di cng ca ca
s Project-Status. C hai kiu lc ny (Autofilter v c sn) u n cc hng trong khung nhn
Task Sheet hoc Resource Sheet khng p ng cc tiu ch m bn ch nh. Bn c th thy s
ngt qung trong cc s ID ca nhim v hoc ti nguyn. Cc d liu bin mt ny ch n i m
khng b xa b. Ging nh sp xp v phn nhm, khi bn lc d liu trong mt khung nhn, s
lc ny p dng cho tt c cc bng m bn c th hin th chng trong khung nhn. Cc khung
nhn m khng c bng, chng hn khung nhn Calendar v Network Diagram, cng h tr lc
(thng qua hp chn Filter trong nhm lnh Data trn tab View), nhng khng c cc b lc
AutoFilter.
Mt tnh nng cng rt ging, l lm ni bt-Highlight. Trong khi vic p dng mt b
lc n cc thng tin khng p ng tiu ch ca bn, th vic p dng mt s lm ni bt p dng
mt nh dng mu vng ti cc thng tin p ng cc tiu ch ca bn. Mt khc, hai tnh nng
ny gn nh ging ht ch-bn c th p dng cc thit lp lm nt bt c sn hoc to ra cc
thit lp lm ni bt ty chnh ng nh vi b lc. Khi mt thit lp lm ni bt c p dng,
dng ch "Highlight Filter Applied" xut hin trn thanh trng thi di cng ca ca s ProjectStatus.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thng xuyn cn phi tm kim cc
nhim v lin quan n vic chnh sa bi v cng vic bin tp l mt lnh vc tp trung ch yu
ti nh xut bn. Bn c th nhanh chng hin th cc nhim v c chnh sa vi AutoFilter, v
bn cng mun to mt b lc ty chnh s dng sau ny.
Trong v d ny, bn p dng mt b lc c sn v sau to ra mt b lc ty chnh m
p ng cc tiu ch bn ch nh.
Khung nhn Gantt Chart xut hin. Trc khi bn to ra mt b lc ty chnh, bn s nhanh
chng nhn thy cc nhim v m bn quan tm bng cch p dng b lc AutoFilter.
Bc 2: Kch vo biu tng u mi tn bn cnh tiu ca ct Task Name, kch mc
Filters trong danh sch th xung v sau chn Custom.
Hp thoi Custom AutoFilter xut hin. Bn ch mun nhn thy nhng nhim v m tn
ca n c cha t edit chnh sa.
Bc 3: Trong hp chn u tin bn di nhn Name, chn Contains.
Bc 4: Trong hp nhp th hai k bn, g edit.
Chng XII
197
Bc 5: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Custom AutoFilter.

Project lc danh sch cc nhim v hin th ch nhng nhim v m tn ca chng c
cha t edit v nhim v khi qut ca chng.
Ch ti biu tng hnh ci phu xut hin bn cnh tiu ca ct Task Name v dng
ch "AutoFilter Applied" xut hin trn thanh trng thi. y l nhng du hiu th gic khi mt
AutoFilter ty chnh c p dng ti ct ny.
Lu : Khi mt b lc AutoFilter c p dng, bn c th di chuyn con tr chut ti biu
tng hnh ci phu, khi mt bn m t tm tt v b lc ang p dng s xut hin trong mt
ToolTip. Di chuyn ti dng ch AutoFilter Applied trn thanh trng thi xut hin ToolTip
cho bn bit trng d liu no c lc.
Tip theo, bn s tt b lc AutoFilter v to ra mt b lc ty chnh.
Bc 6: Kch chut vo biu tng hnh ci phu bn cnh tiu ca ct Task Name, v
sau kch vo Clear All Filters trong danh sch xut hin.
Project tt b lc AutoFilter, hin th li ty c cc nhim v trong k hoch. By gi bn
sn sng to ra mt b lc ty chnh.
Bc 7: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo hp chn bn cnh lnh Outline v
chn More Filters trong danh sch th xung.
Hp thoi More Filters xut hin. Trong hp thoi ny, bn c th nhn thy tt cc b lc
c sn trong Project dnh cho cc nhim v (trong khung nhn dng Task) hoc ti nguyn ( trong
khung nhn dng Resource).
Bc 8: Bm nt New.
Hp thoi Filter Definnition xut hin.
Bc 9: Trong hp nhp c nhn Name, g Incomplete Editing Tasks.
Chng XII
198

Bc 10: Trong hng u tin ca ct Field Name, g hoc chn Name.
Bc 11: Trong hng u tin ca ct Test, chn contains.
Bc 12: Trong hng u tin ca ct Values, g edit.
y mi l tiu ch th nht, tc l lc cc nhim v c t edit trong tn ca chng. Sau
y s to tiu ch th hai cho b lc.
Bc 13: Trong hng th hai ca ct And/Or, chn And.
Bc 14: Trong hng th hai ca ct Field Name, g hoc chn Actual Finish.
Bc 15: Trong hng u tin ca ct Test, chn equals.
Bc 16: Trong hng u tin ca ct Values, g NA.
NA c ngha l Not Application-"khng p dng" v l cch m Project nh du mt s
trng d liu vn cha c gi tr. Ni cch khc, bt c cng vic bin tp no m cha c ngy
kt thc thc t u coi l ang d dang.
Bc 17: Bm vo nt Save ng hp thoi Filter Definition.

B lc mi to s xut hin trong hp thoi More Filters.
Bc 18: Trong danh sch cc b lc, chn Incomplete Editing Tasks, v sau bm vo
nt Apply.
Project p dng b lc mi ny ti khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Chng XII
199
Hin ti, danh sch cc nhim v c lc ch hin th cc nhim v bin tp ang d

dang. Bi v bn khng bt u theo di cc nhim v ngoi ny thc t na nn tt c cc
nhim v bin tp u l d dang ti thi im ny.
Lu : Khi mt b lc c p dng, bn c th di chuyn con tr chut ti dng ch
Filter Applied trn thanh trng thi thy tn ca b lc c p dng.
kt thc v d ny, bn s tt b lc ny i.
Bc 19: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo hp chn cnh lnh Outline v sau
chn Clear Filter trong danh sch th xung.
Project g b vic lc. Nh mi ln th vic p dng hoc g b lc khng nh hng n
cc d liu gc ban u ca k hoch.
12.4. To ra cc bng mi.

Bng l mt bng tnh, ni m s trnh by ca cc d liu ca k hoch c t chc trong
cc ct dc v hng ngang. Mi ct th hin mt trong cc trng d liu c trong Project, v mi
hng ch th hin duy nht mt nhim v hoc mt ti nguyn (hoc trong khung nhn Usage th
l mt s phn cng). Giao gia mt ct v mt hng c th c gi l mt -Cell (nu bn
ngh ti bng tnh) hoc trng d liu-Field (nu bn ngh ti thut ng c s d liu).
Project bao gm rt nhiu bng m c th c p dng trong cc khung nhn. Thc ra, bn
s dng mt s loi ca bng trong chng ny, chng hn nh cc bng Entry v Summary.
Rt c th l trong hu ht nhng ln s dng, cc bng c sn ca Project cha ng cc
trng d liu m bn mun. Tuy nhin, bn c th sa i bt k bng c sn no hoc bn
c th to ra mt bng mi ch cha nhng d liu m bn mun.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn tip tc tp trung vo cc nhim v
bin tp trong k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi. Cui cng, bn quyt nh to ra mt bng
ty chnh, v trong bng trnh by mt s m t ca cng vic bin tp m c thm ti
mt trng d liu Text-vn bn trong k hoch ny.
Trong v d ny, bn s to ra mt bng ty chnh.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch Other Views v sau chn Task
Sheet.
Project hin th khung nhn Task Sheet.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables v sau chn More Tables.
Chng XII
200

Hp thoi More Tables xut hin. Bng Entry c l ang c chn.
Trong hp thoi ny, bn c th nhn thy tt c cc bng c sn trong Project cho cc nhim
v ( trong khung nhn dng Task) hoc cho cc ti nguyn ( trong khung nhn dng Resource).
Bc 3: Chc chn rng bng Entry ang c la chn, bm vo nt Copy.
Hp thoi Table Definition xut hin.
Bc 4: Trong hp nhp c nhn Name, g Editorial Table.
Tip theo, bn s g b mt s trng d liu v sau thm mt s trng d liu khc.
Bc 5: Trong ct c nhn Field Name, ln lt kch vo cc tn trng d liu sau y ri
kch vo nt Delete Row sau mi ln kch vo tn chng.
Indicators
Task Mode
Predecessors
Tip theo, bn s thm mt trng d liu vo trong bng ty chnh ny.

Bc 6: Trong ct c nhn Field Name, kch chn Duration v sau bm vo nt Insert
Row.
Project s thm mt hng trng ln trn di hng Duration.
Bc 7: Trong ct c nhn Field Name, kch chn hng mi va c chn vo. Bm vo
biu tng u mi tn v chn Editorial Focus (Text 9) t danh sch th xung.
Trng d liu vn bn ty chnh Editorial Focus (Text 9) cha ng mt s lu v mc
yu cu bin tp cho tng nhim v v c thm vo t trc.
Chng XII
201

Bc 8: Trong ct c nhn Width, g hoc chn 20.
Bc 9: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Table Difinition.

Bng mi to s xut hin trong hp thoi More Tables.
Bc 10: Chc chn rng bng Editorial Table ang c chn v sau bm nt Apply.
Project s p dng bng mi ny ti khung nhn Task Sheet.
Lu : Bn c th thm hoc g b cc ct mt cch nhanh chng trong bng hin ti.

thm mt ct, u tin chn ct nm bn phi ca ni m bn mun thm mt ct mi. Sau ,
trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Comlumn, kch Insert Column. Project s hin th tt c cc
trng d liu c sn cho cc loi bng bn ang hin th ( v nhim v hay ti nguyn), sau
chn trng d liu m bn mun thm vo. g b mt ct, kch chut phi vo tiu ca ct
v chn Hide Column trong danh sch xut hin.
Trong phn tip theo, bn s kt hp b lc ty chnh trn vi bng ty chnh ny to
ra mt khung nhn v Tin bin tp- Editorial Schedule cho d n cun sch thiu nhi mi.
Chng XII
202

* To ra cc trng ty chnh mt cch nhanh chng.
Trong phn ny, bn thy mt trng d liu ty chnh, Text9, c ty chnh c
tiu l Editorial Focus v cha ng cc thng tin chi tit v hot ng chnh sa trong k
hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi. Project cung cp mt lot cc trng d liu ty chnh, v bn c
th d dng thm chng ti bt k bng no . Ct ngoi cng bn phi trong mi bng trong cc
khung nhn c dn nhn Add New Column l ni m bn c th kch vo tiu ct v chn bt
k trng d liu no m bn mun thm vo trong danh sch th xung hoc bn cng c th bt
u bng vic g trong mt bt k thuc ct Add New Column. Khi bn g trong mt ct mi,
Project d tm loi ca d liu m bn ang g thm trng d liu ty chnh ph hp vi n.
V d, nu bn g mt gi tr l ngy thng, Project s s dng mt trong cc trng d liu ty
chnh v ngy thng, chng hn nh Date1. Nu bn mun, sau c th chnh sa li tiu ct
theo mun ca bn bng cch kch p vo tiu ct m bn mun chnh sa.
Cc trng d liu ty chnh cung cp bi Project bao gm:
- Cost-chi ph: Ln n 10 trng d liu chi ph.
- Date-Ngy thng: Ln n 10 trng d liu ngy thng.
- Duration-Thi hn thc hin: Ln n 10 trng d liu thi hn thc hin.
- Finish-Ngy kt thc: Ln n 10 trng d liu ngy kt thc.
- Flag-Cm c: Ln n 10 trng d liu Yes hoc No.
- Number-S: Ln n 20 trng d liu v s hc.
- OutlineCode-: Ln n 10 trng d liu .
- Start-Ngy bt u: Ln n 10 trng d liu ngy bt u.
- Text-Vn bn: Ln n 30 trng d liu v vn bn.
Lu : Trng d liu ty chnh ngy bt u (Start) v kt thc (Finish) ang sn sng
bn s dng, nu bn lu mt k hoch tm thi-Interim plan (s c gii thiu trong chng
13), k hoch tm thi cng s s dng cc trng d liu ny v c th ghi ln cc gi tr
ca ngy bt u v kt thc ty chnh ca bn.
Thc t, Project cung cp cc trng ty chnh cho trc cho cc nhim v v cc ti nguyn
l cc nhm cc trng d liu khc nhau. V d, bn c th ty chnh trng d liu ty chnh
Text1 trong mt khung nhn v nhim v-Task v cng c th ty chnh trng d liu Text1 ( 1
trng d liu ty chnh khc) trong mt khung nhn v ti nguyn-Resource.
Nhng trng d liu ty chnh l mt cch tuyt vi lu tr cc thng tin thm v cc
nhim v hoc cc ti nguyn trong cc k hoch ca bn. Thng thng, khng ai trong s cc
trng d liu ty chnh ny gy nh hng ti vic tin ca cc nhim v hoc cc ti nguyn.
12.5. To ra cc khung nhn mi.

Gn nh l tt c cc cng vic m bn thc hin trong Project u din ra trong khung
nhn-View. Mt khung nhn c th cha ng nhiu thnh phn nh cc bng-Table, cc thit lp
phn nhm v cc b lc. Bn c th kt hp chng vi cc yu t khc (chng hn nh mt li
pha thi gian trong mt khung nhn dng Usage) hoc vi cc yu t ha (nh cc thanh bar
i din cho cc nhim v trong phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart).
Project bao gm hng chc khung nhn c dng t chc sp xp thng tin cho cc
mc ch c th. C th bn thy rng bn cn xem cc thng tin ca k hoch ca mnh theo mt
s cch no m khng c sn trong cc khung nhn sn c ca Project. Nu cc khung nhn sn
c ca Project khng p ng c nhu cu ca bn, bn c th chnh sa cc khung nhn hin c
hoc to ra cc khung nhn ca ring mnh.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn s dng rt tt b lc v bng ty
chnh m bn to trc gip bn tp trung vo cc nhim v bin tp trong k hoch cun
Chng XII
203

sch thiu nhi mi. By gi bn mun kt hp cc ty chnh ny vo mt khung nhn ty chnh
bn c th d dng chuyn i sang bt c lc no bn mun.
Trong v d ny, bn s to ra mt khung nhn mi kt hp b lc ty chnh v bng ty
chnh m bn to ra trong cc phn trc.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch vo Other Views v sau chn
More Views.
Hp thoi More Views xut hin.
Trong hp thoi ny, bn c th nhn thy tt c cc khung nhn c sn trong Project.

Bc 2: Bm nt New.
Hp thoi Define New View xut hin. Hu ht cc khung nhn u cha ng mt khung
nhn duy nht-Single View, nhng mt khung nhn cng c th bao gm hai khung nhn ring bitCombination View. Trong thc t, khung nhn mc nh trong Project l mt khung nhn
i:Khung nhn Gantt Chart v khung nhn Timeline.
Bc 3: Chc chn rng ty chn Single View ang c chn v sau bm nt OK.
Hp thoi View Defination xut hin.
Bc 4: Trong hp nhp c nhn Name, g Editorial Schedule View.
Bc 5: Trong hp chn c nhn Screen, chn Task Sheet trong danh sch th xung.
Trong danh sch th xung ca hp chn c nhn Screen, bn c th nhn thy tt c cc

loi khung nhn c cung cp bi Project. Rt nhiu trong s cc khung nhn ny bao gm mt
bng ( chng hn nh khung nhn Resource Sheet) hoc bng cng vi mt biu ( khung nhn
Gantt Chart) hoc mt Form ( khung nhn Task Form). Cc khung nhn khc ch l s , chng
hn nh khung nhn Network Diagram v Timeline.
Bc 6: Trong hp chn c nhn Table, la chn Editorial Table t danh sch th xung.
Editorial Table l bng ty chnh m bn to ra phn trc.
Bc 7: Trong hp chn c nhn Group, chn No-Group t danh sch th xung.
Chng XII
204

Bc 8: Trong hp chn c nhn Filter, la chn Imcomplete Editing Tasks t danh sch
th xung.
Imcomplete Editing Tasks l b lc ty chnh m bn to ra t phn trc.
Lu : Tt c cc khung nhn u l cc khung nhn vi trng tm l nhim v hoc ti
nguyn. Cc bng, cc thit lp phn nhm v cc b lc c th c lit k trong danh sch th
xung trong hp thoi View Definition ph thuc vo loi khung nhn m bn chn trong hp
chn c nhn Screen Bc 5. V d, vi Task Sheet c chn trong hp chn Screen, ch nhng
b lc p dng cho cc nhim v, chng hn nh l b lc Critical Filter, l c sn trong danh
sch th xung ca hp chn Filter. Ngoi ra, cc hp chn cc thnh phn ca khung nhn bin
i theo loi ca khung nhn. V d, hp chn Table v Group khng hot ng nu bn chn loi
khung nhn Calendar trong hp chn Screen.
Bc 9: m bo hp kim Show in menu c tch chn.
Bc 10: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi View Definition.

Tn ca khung nhn mi s xut hin v trong trng thi c chn trong hp thoi More
Views.
Bc 11: m bo rng khung nhn Editorial Schedule View ang c chn, bm nt

Apply.
Project s p dng khung nhn mi.
By gi, ch c nhng nhim v bin tp ang d dang c hin th, v cc trng d liu
ang th hin theo ci cch m bn mun. Ngoi ra, Project thm khung nhn Editorial Schedule
View vo danh sch th xung ca nt lnh Other Views trong nhm lnh Task Views trn tab
View. Tn khung nhn mi xut hin bn di nhn Custom, v th s d dng truy cp ti n
trong tp tin k hoch ny.
Chng XII
205
Do c mt s iu chnh ti thit lp chung ca Project m bn thc hin trc

phn 12.2 trong chng ny nn khung nhn ty chnh ny khng c sn trong cc k hoch khc.
Tuy nhin, khi bn to ra cc khung nhn ty chnh ca ring bn, c th bn mun chng c sn
trong bt k k hoch no m bn lm vic ti. lm iu th chng ta s thay i quay
tr li thit lp mc nh ban u. Khi , bt c khung nhn no m bn to ra sau ny s tr
nn c sn trong bt k tp tin k hoch no m bn lm vic vi.
Bc 12: Kch vo tab File, sau chn Option.
Hp thoi Project Option xut hin.
Bc 13: Kch vo tab Advanced v bn di khu vc c nhn Display, tch chn vo hp
kim c nhn Automatically add new views, tables, filters, and groups to the global.
Bc 14: Kch OK ng hp thoi Project Options.
Chng XII
206
Theo di tin trin ca nhim v v s

phn cng
Chng XIII
207

Xy dng, thm tra v truyn ti mt k hoch hon chnh c th mt nhiu hoc thm ch
mt hu ht thi gian ca bn khi l mt ngi qun l ca d n. Tuy nhin, ln k hoch mi
ch l giai on u tin ca cng vic qun l d n ca bn. Sau khi giai on ln k hoch c
hon thnh, s thc hin y ca d n mi bt u, l s thc thi k hoch c pht
trin t trc. L tng nht l cc d n c thc hin ng y nh k hoch, nhng y l
trng hp him gp. Ni chung, vi nhng k hoch phc tp hn, thi hn thc hin di hn s
c thm nhiu c hi xut hin s khng n khp. S khng n khp-Variance l s khc bit
gia nhng g bn d nh s xy ra ( c ghi li trong k hoch) v nhng g thc s xy ra
(c ghi chp li bi cc n lc theo di s tin trin ca bn).
Theo di chnh xc cng vic thc t xy ra v so snh n vi k hoch gc ban u cho
php bn xc nh sm s khng n khp v iu chnh cc phn cha hon thnh ca k hoch
khi cn thit. Trong chng 7, bn c gii thiu v nhng phng php n gin ca vic
theo di cc s vic thc t din ra trong mt k hoch. Chng bao gm vic ghi chp li t l
phn trm hon thnh ca mt nhim v cng nh ghi chp li ngy bt u v kt thc thc t
ca n. Nhng phng php theo di tin trin ny l ph hp vi rt nhiu d n, nhng
Microsoft Project 2013 cng cung cp cc cch thc theo di chi tit hn.
Trong chng ny, bn theo di tng s thi gian lm vic cp nhim v v cp s
phn cng, v thi gian lm vic theo tng chu k v thi gian, chng hn nh thi gian lm vic
hon thnh trong mi tun hoc mi ngy. Thng tin c phn phi theo thi gian thng
c gi l timephased-pha thi gian, cho nn vic theo di thi gian lm vic theo cc chu k
thi gian i khi c cp l s theo di cc s vic thc t din ra theo pha thi gian. y
l mc chi tit nht c sn ca vic theo di s tin trin trong Project.
Cng nh cc phng php theo di n gin, theo di s vic thc t din ra theo pha
thi gian l mt cch gii quyt cc cu hi c bn nht ca vic qun l mt d n:
- Cc nhim v ang bt u v kt thc theo ng k hoch? Nu khng, ci g s l nh
hng n ngy hon thnh ca d n?
- Cc ti nguyn ang tiu tn nhiu thi gian hn hay t hn so vi k hoch hon thnh
cc nhim v?
- N ang tiu tn nhiu tin hn hay t tin hn so vi k hoch hon thnh cc nhim
v?
L mt ngi qun l ca d n, bn phi xc nh c cp ca vic theo di p
ng tt nht yu cu ca k hoch v cc bn lin quan khc ca bn. Cp theo di cng chi tit
hn th cng yu cu s n lc t bn v cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti cc nhim v hn.
Chng ny cho bn thy nhng phng php theo di chi tit nht c sn trong Project.
Trong chng ny, bn lm vic vi cc cng c khc nhau ca vic theo di cng vic v
ca vic gii quyt cng vic cha hon thnh. Tuy nhin, bn s bt u bng vic cp nht ng
c s-baseline ca d n.
13.1. Cp nht ng c s.
Trong chng 7, bn lu li mt ng c s cho mt k hoch. Nh li rng, mt ng
c s l mt s tp hp ca cc gi tr quan trng trong mt k hoch, chng hn nh ngy bt
u, ngy kt thc v cc chi ph ca cc nhim v, cc ti nguyn v cc s phn cng c
ln k hoch. Khi bn lu (hoc thit lp) mt ng c s, Project to mt "bn chp" ca cc
gi tr hin c v lu n trong k hoch so snh trong tng lai.
Hy nh rng mc ch ca ng c s l ghi chp li nhng g m mong i k hoch
s trng ging nh th ti mt thi im. Tuy nhin, khi thi gian tri i, c th bn cn phi thay
i cc mong i ca mnh. Sau khi lu mt k hoch ng c s gc ban u, bn c th cn
phi tinh chnh k hoch bng cch thm hoc g b bt cc nhim v hoc cc s phn cng hoc
thc hin cc iu chnh khc. duy tr mt ng c s chnh xc cho vic i chiu sau ny,
bn c mt s la chn nh sau y:
Chng XIII
208

- Cp nht ng c s cho ton b k hoch. Vic ny ch n gin l thay th tt c cc
gi tr trong ng c s gc ban u bng cc gi tr hin ti.
- Cp nht ng c s cho nhng nhim v c la chn. Vic ny khng nh hng n
cc gi tr trong ng c s ca cc nhim v khc hoc cc gi tr trong ng c s ca ti
nguyn trong k hoch.
- Lu mt ng c s th hai hoc mt ng c s k tip. Bn c th lu n 11 ng
c s trong mt k hoch. ng c s u tin c gi l Baseline, cc ng cn li l Baseline
1 ti Baseline 10.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, vic lp k hoch cho d n cun sch
thiu nhi mi tri qua mt s ln tinh chnh b sung. Bao gm mt s s iu chnh v cc thi
hn thc hin ca nhim v v thm mt nhim v mi trong giai on Acquisition. Do nhng
thay i ny nn bn cn phi chp li mt ng c s mi trc khi s lm vic bt u.
Trong v d ny, bn so snh k hoch theo tin hin ti vi k hoch lu trong ng
c s v cp nht ng s s cho k hoch ny.
Bn cn n tp tin Advanced Tracking A_Start nm trong th mc tp tin Practises/Chapter
12 i km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Tracking A_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc
c tn l Advanced Tracking A.
di nt Gantt Chart v chn Tracking Gantt t danh sch th xung.
Khung nhn Tracking Gantt xut hin.
Trong phn biu ca khung nhn ny, cc thanh bar theo tin hin ti xut hin l cc
thanh bar mu xanh da tri (nu chng khng phi l cc nhim v then cht) hoc mu hng (nu
chng l cc nhim v then cht). Bn di chng, cc thanh bar theo cc gi tr trong ng c
s ca tng nhim v xut hin l cc thanh bar mu xm.
Lu : Trong cc khung nhn biu Gantt, cc mu sc, cc hoa vn v cc hnh dng ca
cc thanh bar i din cho nhng th c th. bit mt mc bt k no trong biu Gantt
i din cho ci g, ch vic di chuyn con tr chut ca bn ti v mt on m t s xut hin
trong mt ScreenTip. xem y ch thch ca cc mc ca biu Gantt v nh dng ca
chng, trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Bar Style, kch Format v chn Bar Styles.
Bc 2: Trong ct c nhn Task Name, kch chn tn ca nhim v 18, Original art review.
Lu : Hy nh rng chn mt nhim v mt cch nhanh chng, thm ch l nhim
v m bn khng th nhn thy trong tm nhn hin ti ca khung nhn, nhn t hp phm Ctrl +
G. Sau , trong hp nhp c nhn ID ca hp thoi Go To, nhp s ID ca nhim v v sau
nhn nt OK.
Khung nhn Tracking Gantt s cun hin th thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v 18, Original
art review. Nhim v ny c thm vo k hoch sau khi ng c s ban u c lu. Nh
bn c th thy trong khung nhn Tracking Gantt, nhim v ny khng c thanh bar i din cho
Chng XIII
209

ng c s, iu ny ch ra rng n khng c cc gi tr trong ng c s. Ngoi ra, thi hn
thc hin ca nhim v c thm vo lm dch chuyn thanh bar ca nhim v k nhim ca
n ra khi thanh bar theo ng c s ca n.
c mt ci nhn rng ln hn v ng c s ca k hoch ny, bn s iu chnh mc
zoom.
Bc 4: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, trong hp chn c nhn Timescale chn
Week.
Bn c th thy rng, hin nay khng c nhim v no sau nhim v 18 c thanh bar theo
tin hin ti ph hp vi thanh bar theo ng c s ca chng.
kt thc v d ny, bn s lu li ng c s cho k hoch. Lm nh vy bn s cp

nht tt c cc thng tin hin ti ca cc nhim v, cc ti nguyn v cc s phn cng cho ng
c s trc khi theo di s tin trin.
Lu : K hoch ny c mt ng c s c lu trc v by gi bn s ghi ln
n. iu l thch hp i vi giai on ny ca d n cun sch thiu nhi mi, l giai on m
vic lp k hoch hon tt v bn mun c nhng cp nht mi nht cho ng c s trc khi
ghi chp bt c s vic thc t no din ra. Tuy nhin, sau khi s lm vic thc t c ghi
li, bn nn cn thn v vic ghi ln bt k gi tr no ca ng c s c lu trc
. Mt khi bn ghi ln mt ng c s, cc gi tr gc ban u s c thay th v khng th
ly li c. Lu thm cc ng c s khc thng l mt chin lc tt sau khi cc cng vic
trong d n c trin khai.
Bc 5: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Schedule, kch Set Baseline v sau chn Set
Baseline trong danh sch th xung.
Hp thoi Set Baseline xut hin.
Bc 6: Chc chn rng la chn Set Baseline ang c chn. Trong khu vc c nhn For,
chc chn rng ty chn Entire project ang c chn. Lu rng ngy lu li cui cng-last
saved on trong hp chn di ty chn Set Baseline c th khc vi hnh minh ha.
Chng XIII
210

ch cp nht cho cc gi tr trong ng c s ca cc nhim v c la chn, bn c
th chn ty chn Selected tasks thuc khu vc c nhn For. Khi bn lm iu ny, cc ty chn
bn di nhn Roll up baselines tr nn c th s dng c. y l ni m bn c th kim sot
vic cp nht cc gi tr trong ng c s ca cc nhim v c chn nn nh hng nh th
no n cc gi tr trong ng c s ca cc nhim v khi qut. V d, bn c th lu li gi tr
hin ti cho ng c s ca mt nhim v con v cp nht cc gi tr trong ng c s ca
nhim v khi qut lin quan n n nu mun. g b mt ng c s, trn tab Project, trong
nhm lnh Schedule, bm vo nt lnh Set Baseline v sau chn Clear Baseline t danh sch
th xung.
Bc 7: Bm nt OK cp nht cho ng c s.
Project cnh bo rng bn ang ghi ln cc gi tr ca ng c s c lu trc .
Bc 8. Bm Yes.
Project s cp nhp cc gi tr trong ng c s cho k hoch ny.
By gi nhim v 18 c mt thanh bar theo ng c s, v tt c cc thanh bar theo

ng c s ca cc nhim v khc u ph hp vi thanh bar theo tin ca chng. Ti thi
im ny, bn k khai cho tt c cc nhim v m s c trong k hoch ny. V bn ang sn
sng chuyn sang giai on tip theo ca vic qun l d n l theo di s vic thc t din ra.
* Lu cc k hoch tm thi:
Sau khi bn bt u theo di cc cc s vic thc t din ra hoc bt c khi no bn iu
chnh k hoch ca bn, c th bn mun to mt bn chp nhanh khc v cc ngy bt u v kt
thc hin thi. Bn c th lm iu vi mt k hoch tm thi-Interim plan. Ging nh mt
ng c s, mt k hoch tm thi cng l mt tp hp ca cc gi tr hin thi trong k hoch
m Project lu vo tp tin. Tuy nhin, khng ging nh ng c s, mt k hoch tm thi ch
lu cc ngy bt u v kt thc ca cc nhim v, khng bao gm cc gi tr v ti nguyn hoc
s phn cng. Bn c th lu ti 10 thit lp khc nhau ca cc ngy bt u v kt thc tm thi
trong mt k hoch. ( Nu bn thy rng bn cn nhiu bn chp ca cc gi tr tin ngoi gi
tr ngy bt u v kt thc, bn c th lu thm cc ng c s thay v l k hoch tm thi).
Ty thuc vo phm vi v thi hn thc hin ca cc d n ca bn, bn c th mun lu
mt k hoch tm thi ti mt trong cc thi im nh sau y:
- Vo lc kt thc mt giai on lm vic quan trng.
- Vo cc khong thi gian nh trc, chng hn nh hng tun hoc hng thng.
- Ch trc khi hoc sau khi nhp mt s lng ln cc gi tr thc t din ra.
lu mt k hoch tm thi, trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Schedule, bm nt lnh
Set Baseline v sau chn Set Baseline t danh sch th xung. Trong hp thoi Set Baseline
chn ty chn Set Interim Plan.
Chng XIII
211
13.2. Theo di cc gi tr thc t v cc gi tr cn li ca cc nhim v

hoc cc s phn cng
Trong chng 8, bn nhp cc gi tr thc t ca ngy bt u, kt thc v thi hn thc
hin cho cc nhim v ring bit. i vi cc nhim v m c cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti
chng, bn c th nhp cc gi tr v thi gian lm vic thc t v cn li cho cho ton b nhim
v hoc cho cc s phn cng c th ti nhim v .
gip bn hiu c cch thc m Project x l cc gi tr thc t do bn nhp, hy xem
xt nhng iu sau y:
- Nu mt nhim v ch c duy nht mt ti nguyn c phn cng ti n, gi tr v thi
gian lm vic thc t m bn nhp cho nhim v ny hoc s phn cng dng nh nhau cho c
nhim v v ti nguyn. V d, nu bn ghi li rng s phn cng c nm gi lm vic thc t th
gi tr ny dng cho c nhim v ln ti nguyn c phn cng.
- Nu mt nhim v c nhiu ti nguyn c phn cng ti n, thi gian lm vic thc t
m bn nhp cho nhim v c phn b hoc cun xung (Roll-down) ti cc s phn cng ty
theo lng phn cng-Unit ca chng. Cp chi tit ny l thch hp nu bn khng quan tm
n cc chi tit cp phn cng c nhn.
- Nu mt nhim v c nhiu ti nguyn c phn cng ti n, thi gian lm vic thc t
m bn nhp cho mt s phn cng s c cun ln cho nhim v. Tuy nhin, gi tr thi gian
lm vic thc t mi ny khng nh hng n cc gi tr thi gian lm vic ca cc s phn cng
khc trong nhimv. Cp chi tit ny l thch hp nu bn quan tm n cc chi tit mc
phn cng c nhn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, mt s cc nhim v trong k hoch cun
sch thiu nhi mi c s lng ti nguyn c phn cng ti nhiu hn mt. c c mt ci
nhn tt hn v vic ghi li thi gian lm vic thc t ca bn cho cc nhim v nh vy nh hng
nh th no n thi gian lm vic c phn cng, bn s chuyn sang khung nhn Task Usage
v sau ghi li cc s vic thc t din ra.
Trong v d ny, bn ghi li cc gi tr thc t cp nhim v v cp ti nguyn v
xem cc thng tin ny c cun ln hoc cun xung gia cc nhim v v s phn cng nh th
no.
Bn cn n tp tin Advanced Tracking B_Start nm trong th mc tp tin Practises/Chapter
12 i km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Tracking B_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc
c tn l Advanced Tracking B.
Phin bn ny ca k hoch cha ng cc gi tr cp nht ca ng c s m bn lu
trc , cng nh cc gi tr thc t u tin c ghi li cho cc nhim v u tin ca giai on
Acquisition.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch Task Usage.
Khung nhn Task Usage xut hin. Bn hy nh li trong chng 8, hai phn ca khung
nhn Usage c phn chia bi mt thanh chia ng. Khung nhn Task Usage lit k cc ti nguyn
bn di nhng nhim v m chng ang c phn cng ti trong ci bng nm phn bn tri
ca khung nhn. phn bn phi, bn s thy cc hng c t chc bn di mt thi gian biuTimescale. Cc hng y cho bn thy cc gi tr thi gian c ln tin ca tng nhim v
hoc tng ti nguyn c phn cng. Khung nhn Task Usage nh mu cc hng phn bn
phi: Cc hng ca nhim v c mu nn bng m, cc cc hng ca s phn cng c mu nn
trng.
Bc 2: Trong ct c nhn Task Name, chn tn ca nhim v 18, Original art review.
Bc 3: Trn Tab Task, trong nhm lnh Editing, kch Scroll to Task.
Chng XIII
212

Li pha thi gian nm phn bn phi ca khung nhn cun hin th thi gian lm vic
c ln tin ca nhim v ny.
Tip theo, bn s thay i bng v cc chi tit c hin th trong khung nhn ny.
Bc 4: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables v chn Work t danh sch th
xung.
Bng Work xut hin.
Bng ny cha ng cc ct Actual Work v Remaining Work ( Thi gian lm vic thc t
v thi gian lm vic cn li), tiu ca chng khng hin th ht m ch hin th ngn gon l
Actual v Remaining. Cc gi tr trong ct Work l cc tng s thi gian lm vic c ln tin
ca nhim v hoc s phn cng. Lu rng gi tr thi gian lm vic ca mi nhim v l tng
cng cc gi tr thi gian lm vic ca cc s phn cng trong n. V d, tng thi gian lm vic
ca nhim v 18 l 164 gi, l tng cng thi gian lm vic 82 gi ca Hany Morcos v 82 gi
ca Jane Dow trong nhim v ny.
Tip theo, bn s thay i cc chi tit c hin th trong li pha thi gian phn bn phi
ca khung nhn.
Bc 5: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Details, tch chn hp kim Actual Work.
By gi Project s hin th cc hng v Work ( thi gian lm vic theo tin ) v Actual
Work ( thi gian lm vic thc t) cho tng nhim v v s phn cng trong li pha thi gian
nm phn bn phi ca khung nhn.
Lu : Bn c th thay i cc chi tit ( l cc hng) c hin th trong li pha thi

gian trong mt khung nhn Usage. Bn c th thm hoc g b cc hng v thay i nh dng
hin th ca cc hng . V d, bn c th thm hng Baseline Cost n hin th trong khung
nhn Usage v nh dng mt mu nn khc cho n. thy cc hng sn c v cc ty chn nh
dng trong Project, trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Details, kch Add Details.
Chng XIII
213

Trong li pha thi gian, bn thy cc gi tr thi gian lm vic c ln tin cho tng
ngy. Nu bn cng cc gi tr thi gian lm vic hng ngy ca mt nhim v hay mt s phn
cng c th bn s cho ra mt kt qu ng bng gi tr thi gian lm vic tng ng trong ct
Work nm phn bn tri ca nhim v hay s phn cng . Trong mt khung nhn Usage, bn
nhn thy gi tr thi gian lm vic hai cp chi tit khc nhau, l: gi tr tng cng ca
nhim v hoc s phn cng (trong ct Work thuc phn bn tri khung nhn) v cp chi tit
hn theo pha thi gian ( thuc phn bn phi khung nhn). Hai thit lp v gi tr ny c lin quan
trc tip ti nhau.
Tip theo, bn s nhp cc gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t cp nhim v v cp
phn cng v xem chng nh hng nh th no ti cc chi tit trong li pha thi gian.
Bc 6: S dng chut ko thanh chia ng khung nhn sang bn phi cho n khi nhn
thy ht cc ct c trong bng Work.
Lu : Sau khi di chuyn thanh chia ng khung nhn ti v tr bn mun, di chuyn con tr
chut ln trn thanh chia ng, khi biu tng con tr chut s chuyn thnh biu tng mi
tn hai u sang tri v phi. Kch p chut vo thanh chia ng th thanh chia ng s c v tr
l trng vi cnh ng ca ct gn n nht.
Bc 7: Trong ct Actual ca nhim v 18, Original art review, g hoc kch 92h v sau
nhn phm Enter.
Mt s vic quan trng xy ra khi bn nhn phm Enter:

- Project p dng s lm ni bt ti cc gi tr c cp nht trong phn bng bn tri.
- Thi gian lm vic cn li ( ct c nhn Remaining) b gim tr ng bng s lng thi
gian lm vic thc t m bn nhp vo.
Chng XIII
214

- Thi gian lm vic thc t c phn b cho hai s phn cng trong nhim v ny, kt
qu mi ti nguyn c ghi li c 46 gi lm vic thc t. Tng t nh vy, gi tr cp nht ca
thi gian lm vic cn li ca tng s phn cng c tnh ton li.
- Cc gi tr c cp nht ca thi gian lm vic thc t v thi gian lm vic thc t cn
li c cun ln nhim v khi qut Acquisition v nhim v tng qut ca d n.
- Cc gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t cng c phn b cho cc gi tr trong li pha thi
gian ca nhim v v s phn cng.
Trong li pha thi gian nm bn phi khung nhn, bn c th thy cc gi tr thi gian
lm vic hng ngy thc t ca hai ti nguyn ko di ti th nm ngy 30 thng t. Bi v bn
nhp mt gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t cho ton b nhim v nn Proejct gi nh rng s lm
vic c thc hin ng nh tin ( lm vic thc t bt u t ngy 23/4/2015 nh tin
ln v n ngy 30/4/2015 l 46 gi lm vic) v ghi li cc gi tr ny trong pha thi gian cho
cc s phn cng ti nguyn.
kt thc v d ny, bn s nhp cc gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t cp s phn
cng v xem s nh hng ca chng ti nhim v.
Bc 8: Trong ct Actual ca s phn cng ca ti nguyn Hany Morcos ti nhim v 18 (
hin ang c gi tr l 46h), g hoc chn 62h v sau nhn phm Enter.
Cc gi tr v thi gian lm vic v thi gian lm vic cn li thc t ca Hany c cp

nht, v nhng gi tr c cp nht ny cng c cun ln nhim v 18 v nhim v khi qut
ca n. (Project lm ni ni bt cc gi tr thay i). Tuy nhin, thi gian lm vic v thi gian
lm vic cn li thc t ca Jane Dow, mt ti nguyn khc c phn cng ti nhim v, khng
b nh hng.
Bc 9: Di chuyn thanh cun ngang ca phn li pha thi gian trong khung nhn sang bn
tri nhn thy cc gi tr c cp nht cho nhim v 18.
Chng XIII
215

Mt ln na, Proejct gi nh rng gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t m bn nhp vo cho
Hany hon ton ng theo tin , s lm vic v gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t ca c y trong
pha thi gian ko di ti ngy 04/5/2015.
Lu : Bn nhp cc gi tr v thi gian lm vic thc t trong v d ny, v bn cng c
th nhp cc gi tr v thi gian lm vic thc t cn li hoc t l phn trm hon thnh cng vic.
Tt c cc gi tr ny u c lin quan n nhau, mt s thay i ti mt trong s chng s nh
hng n cc gi tr cn li. Bn c th cp nht cc gi tr ny trong bng Work hoc trong tab
Tracking ca hp thoi Assignment Information (khi mt s phn cng c chn).
Theo di gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t ca mt nhim v l chi tit hn vic ch n gin
nhp vo mt gi tr phn trm hon thnh cho nhim v . Tuy nhin, mt phng php chi tit
hn na l nhp gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t trong li pha thi gian cho cc nhim v hoc
cc s phn cng (nh bn s thy trong phn tip theo). Khng c g sai khi theo di thi gian
lm vic thc t cp nhim v hoc cp phn cng (hoc ch n gin l nhp mt t l
phn trm hon thnh) nu cp chi tit ny p ng cc yu cu ca bn. Trong thc t, cho d
bn thy hay khng thy cc chi tit ca li pha thi gian, Project lun lun phn b t l phn
trm hon thnh, hoc gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t cp nhim v hoc s phn cng m
bn nhp vo cc gi tr tng ng trong li pha thi gian nh bn thy trc . y l mt
l do m nhng ngi mi dng Project i khi ngc nhin khi gp phi nhng gi tr cc k
chnh xc, chng hn nh thi gian lm vic 7,67 gi, c ln tin cho mt ngy c th no
. Tuy nhin, nu bn hon ton hiu c thut ton m Project tun theo, bn c th lun ra
con s n t u.
* Nhp th cng cc chi ph thc t:
Bt c khi no m bn nhp cc gi tr v thi gian lm vic thc t trong chng ny,
Project s tnh ton cc gi tr chi ph thc t cho cc nhim v b nh hng, nhim v khi qut
ca n, cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti nhim v v ton b d n. Theo mc nh, Project
tnh ton cc chi ph thc t v khng cho php bn nhp chng trc tip. Trong hu ht cc trng
hp th l iu chng ti ngh v thc hin vi cc tp tin thc hnh c s dng trong
cun sch ny. Tuy nhin, nu bn mun nhp trc tip cc gi tr chi ph thc t trong cc k
hoch ca ring bn th hy lm theo cc bc sau:
Bc 1: Trn tab File, chn Options.
Hp thoi Project Options xut hin.
Bc 2: Kch tab Schedule.
Bc 3: Bn di khu vc c nhn Calculation options for this Project, g b tch chn ti
hp kim c nhn Actual cost are always calculated by Project.
Bc 4: Bm nt OK.
Sau khi tt tnh nng t ng tnh ton chi ph, bn c th nhp cc gi tr chi ph thc t
cp nhim v hoc s phn cng trong trng d liu Actual. Trng d liu ny c sn trong
mt s ch, chng hn nh bng Cost. Bn cng c th nhp cc gi tr chi ph thc t theo tng
ngy hoc bt c khong thi gian no ( hng tun hoc thng) trong bt k khung nhn no
c thi gian biu, chng hn nh khung nhn Task Usage hoc Resource Usage. Vi mt
khung nhn dng Usage c hin th, trn tab Format, trong nhm Details, chn Actual cost (
nu khng thy th bm vo nt Add Details).
13.3. Theo di thi gian lm vic thc t theo pha thi gian ca cc nhim
v hoc s phn cng.
Cng vic nhp cc gi tr thc t din ra trong li pha thi gian i hi thm s lm vic
ca ngi qun l d n v c th i hi thm s lm vic t cc ti nguyn thng tin ti ngi
qun l d n ca h cc gi tr thc t din ra hng ngy, hng tun. Tuy nhin, vic s dng cc
gi tr thc t din ra theo pha thi gian cung cp cho bn thm nhiu chi tit v tnh trng ca
Chng XIII
216

nhim v v ti nguyn trong d n hn so vi vic ch nhp cc gi tr thc t, chng hn nh
nhp trong ct Actual, Remaining hoc %W phn trc. Vic nhp cc gi tr trong li pha thi
gian c th l phng php tt nht thc hin vic theo di nu bn c mt nhm cc nhim v
hoc mt d n gm ton nhng nhim v nh sau y:
- Cc nhim v c tnh ri ro cao.
- Cc nhim v c thi hn thc hin tng i ngn v trong chng nu khng khp k
hoch d ch mt ngy cng c th t ton b d n vo tnh trng nguy him.
- Cc nhim v m bn mun pht trin hoc ph chun s liu thng k lng vt liu a
vo, hoc cc t l l mt lng c giao nht nh c th c hon thnh trong mt khong
thi gian nht nh, chng hn nh chnh sa bn tho 3000 t mi ngy.
- Cc nhim v m cc nh ti tr hoc cc bn lin quan khc c s quan tm c bit ti
chng.
- Cc nhim v c yu cu thanh ton theo gi cho ngi lao ng.
Khi bn cn phi theo di thi gian lm vic thc t din ra mc chi tit nht c th, s
dng li pha thi gian trong khung nhn Task Usage hoc Resource Usage. Trong c hai khung
nhn, bn c th nhp cc gi tr v thi gian lm vic thc t din ra cho cc s phn cng ring
bit theo hng ngy, hng tun hoc bt k khong thi gian no m bn mun (bng cch iu
chnh thi gian biu-Timescale). V d, nu mt nhim v c ba ti nguyn c phn cng ti n
v bn bit rng hai ti nguyn lm vic 8 ting mt ngy v ti nguyn cn li lm vic 6 ting
mt ngy trong nhim , bn c th nhp cc gi tr ny l ba gi tr ring r trong li pha thi
gian.
Lu : Nu c quan, t chc ca bn s dng mt h thng bo co theo biu thi gian (
v d bng chm cng) cho vic theo di thi gian lm vic thc t, bn c th s dng d liu ca
biu thi gian ny lm cc gi tr thc t theo pha thi gian trong Project. Bn c th khng
cn phi theo di cp ny, nhng nu cc ti nguyn hon thnh cc biu thi gian cho
cc mc ch khc ( v d, thanh ton vi cc phng khc trong c quan, t chc), bn c th s
dng cc d liu ca h v lu cho mnh mt s chi tit trong .
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, giai on lm vic Acquisition trong k
hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi c hon thnh, v giai on Editorial mi ch bt u. Bi v
c mt s lng ln cc ti nguyn tham gia vo v tnh cht hay thay i ca cng vic bin tp
nn cc nhim v ny l nhng nhim v ri ro nht trong d n. qun l cc s vic thc t
din ra ca cc nhim v ny mt cch chi tit nht c th, bn s ghi li cc gi tr thc t trong
li pha thi gian.
Trong v d ny, bn nhp mt s gi tr thc t cho cc nhim v, cc s phn cng trong
li pha thi gian.
Bn cn n tp tin Advanced Tracking C_Start nm trong th mc tp tin Practises/Chapter
12 i km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Tracking C_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc
c tn l Advanced Tracking C.
Bc 1: Kch vo biu tng mi tn expand/collapse bn cnh tn nhim v 15,
Acquisition, thu li giai on lm vic ny ca k hoch.
Giai on lm vic ny c hon thnh.
Bc 2: Trong ct Task Name, kch chn tn ca nhim v 22, Organize manuscript for
copyedit, v sau , trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Editing, kch Scroll to Task.
Project s cun li pha thi gian hin th cc gi tr thi gian lm vic c ln tin
ban u ca giai on Editorial.
Chng XIII
217
Cc gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t u tin theo pha thi gian m bn s nhp l cp
nhim v.
Bc 3: Trong li pha thi gian, kch vo l giao ct bi ct th 4 ngy 27 thng nm
vi hng Act.Work ca nhim v 22. Hng Act.Work nm trc tip bn di hng Work, hng ang
cha gi tr 12h.
Lu : Nu bn di chuyn con tr chut n tn ca mt ngy trn thi gian biu, Project
s hin th ngy thng y ca ngy trong mt ScreenTip. Bn c th thay i nh dng ca
thi gian biu kim sot khong thi gian m bn nhp cc gi tr thc t trong li pha thi
gian. V d, bn c th nh dng thi gian biu n hin th theo tun ch khng phi l ngy,
v khi bn nhp mt gi tr thc t mc tun, th gi tr c phn b cho cc ngy lm
vic trong tun.
Bc 4: G 9h v sau nhn phm Tab.
C th c mt hp thoi cnh bo xut hin do c s xung t v tin do hnh ng ny
ca bn. Nu c th hy chn ty chn c t Continue.
Ngay sau khi bn nhp vo gi tr thc t u tin cho nhim v ny, gi tr thi gian lm
vic c ln tin thay i ph hp vi n. C hai gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t v
theo tin u c cun ln nhim v khi qut ca n v c phn b cho cc s phn cng
c th trong nhim v. Bn c th thy iu ny xy ra trong li pha thi gian bn phi v trong
bng bn tri khung nhn.
Bc 5: Trong giao gia ct l th 5 ngy 28 thng 5 vi hng Act.Work, g 15h v sau
nhn phm Tab.
Khi nhp thi gian lm vic thc t, bn khng cn phi bao gm c ch "h" ( vit tt Hour
biu th gi). Bn c th ch cn nhp s v Project s ghi li n l gi. Hour l gi tr thi gian
lm vic mc nh cho vic nhp d liu. Nu bn mun, bn c th thay i iu ny. Kch vo
tab File v sau nhp vo Option. Trn tab Schedule ca hp thoi Project Options, trong hp
chn c nhn Work is entered in, chn loi thi gian mc nh m bn mun.
Chng XIII
218

Bc 6: Tip tc nhp cc gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t cho nhim v 22 theo lit k
di y:
Ngy
Th su, ngy 29 thng 5
Th hai, ngy 01 thng 6
Th ba, ngy 02 thng 6
Thi gian thc t

12
12
15
Bc ny kt thc vic ghi li thi gian lm vic thc t cp nhim v. Tip theo,
bn s nhp cc gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t trong mt nhim v cp phn cng.
i vi nhim v 23, Copyedit, bn c cc gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t hng tun ca
cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti. Copyeditors hon thnh nhim v. i vi nhim v ny,
bn s iu chnh thi gian biu ghi li gi tr thc t theo tun.
Week.
Bc 8: Nhp cc gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t sau y vo trong li pha thi gian cho
s phn cng ca ti nguyn Copyeditors trong nhim v 23, Copyedit:
Tun c cha ngy
Ngy 31 thng 5
Ngy 7 thng 6
Ngy 14 thng 6
Chng XIII
Thi gian thc t

60
80
48
219

Cc gi tr thi gian lm vic thc t ca ti nguyn ny c cun ln cc gi tr thi
gian lm vic thc t ca nhim v. Cc gi tr thi gian lm vic gc ban u c lu trong
ng c s dng trong trng hp bn cn tham kho sau ny.
Trong v d ny, bn thy cc gi tr ca nhim v v s phn cng quan h trc tip vi
nhau nh th no; mt s cp nht ti mt gi tr ny s nh hng trc tip n gi tr cn li.
Tuy nhin, bn c th ph v mi quan h ny nu bn mun. Lm nh th s cho php bn va
ghi li tin trin cho cc s phn cng ca ti nguyn v nhp th cng cc gi tr thc t cho cc
nhim v m cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti. Bnh thng bn khng nn ph v mi quan
h ny, tr khi bn c nhu cu bo co c bit trong cng ty ca bn. V d, bn phi tun theo
mt phng thc bo co tnh trng d n da vo ci g khc hn so vi gi tr thc t c
ghi li cho cc s phn cng trong k hoch. ph v mi quan h ny, lm nh sau. Trn tab
File, chn Options. Trong hp thoi Project Options, kch vo tab Schedule v bn di nhn
Calculation options for this project, g b tch chn trong hp kim c nhn Update Task status
Update resource status. Thit lp ny p dng cho ton b cc nhim v trong k hoch m bn
ang m ra vo thi im , bn khng th p dng n ch cho mt s nhim v trong mt k
hoch.
* Nghip v qun l d n: Thu thp cc gi tr thc t din ra t cc ti nguyn
Khung nhn m bn s dng trong v d trc tng t nh mt cun s ghi gi lm
vic-time card ( bng chm cng). Thc t, nhp cc gi tr v thi gian lm vic thc t cp
s phn cng, bn c th cn n mt biu mu v s ghi gi lm vic. Gi s rng bn cn
phi theo di thi gian lm vic thc t v thi gian lm vic thc t cn li cp chi tit ny ,
mt s phng php c s dng thu thp nhng d liu nh vy t cc ti nguyn nh sau:
- Thu thp cc gi tr thc t bi chnh bn: Phng php ny l kh thi nu bn giao tip
ch vi mt nhm nh cc ti nguyn mt cch thng xuyn, chng hn nh mt cuc hp tnh
trng hng tun. cng l mt c hi tt ni chuyn trc tip vi cc ti nguyn v bt c
vn no ang b ch tc hoc nhng bt ng m h c th gp phi (c th l tch cc
hoc tiu cc) trong khi thc hin cng vic.
- Thu thp cc gi tr thc t thng qua mt h thng bo co chnh thc v tnh trng ca
d n: Phng php ny c th lm vic thng qua h thng phn cp ang tn ti ca c quan, t
chc ca bn v phc v cc mc ch thm bn cnh vic bo co tnh trng ca d n.
13.4. Ln li tin cho cc cng vic d dang.

Trong sut qu trnh din bin ca mt d n, s lm vic c th thnh thong b gin on
trong mt nhim v c th hoc ton b d n. Nu iu ny xy ra, bn c th bt Project ln li
tin cho cng vic cn li n bt u li sau mt ngy no do bn ch nh.
Khi bn ln li tin cho cng vic d dang, bn ch r ci ngy m sau cng vic li
c th tip tc-hay cn gi l ngy c ln li tin . Di y l cch thc m Project x l
cc nhim v lin quan n ngy c ln li tin :
- Nu nhim v cha c bt k thi gian lm vic thc t no c ghi li cho n trc ci
ngy c ln li tin v khng c bt k mt s rng buc no c p dng ti n th ton
b nhim v c ln li tin bt u sau ngy c ln li tin .
- Nu nhim v c mt s thi gian lm vic thc t c ghi li cho n trc ci ngy c
ln li tin v sau ngy th khng, nhim v c phn chia tt c cc thi gian lm
vic cn li bt u sau ngy ln li tin . Thi gian lm vic thc t khng b nh hng.
- Nu nhim v c mt s thi gian lm vic thc t c ghi li cho n c trc v sau ci
ngy c ln li tin , nhim v khng b nh hng.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, cng vic trong giai on Editorial ca
k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi c hon thnh. i ng thc hin d n bt u cng
Chng XIII
220

vic trong giai on tip theo, Design and Production. Tuy nhin, bn cn phi khc phc mt s
chm tr trong cng vic c gy ra bi mt vn khng lng trc c.
Trong v d ny, bn ln li tin cc cng vic d dang.
Bn cn n tp tin Advanced Tracking D_Start nm trong th mc tp tin
Practises/Chapter 12 i km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Tracking D_Start v lu
n thnh tp tin khc c tn l Advanced Tracking D.
Tp tin k hoch hin ang m trong khung nhn Task Usage. Tip theo bn s chuyn sang
khung nhn Gantt Chart.
di nt lnh Gantt Chart v sau chn Gantt Chart t danh sch th xung.
Bc 2: Cun thanh cun ng khung nhn Gantt Chart hin th nhim v 30, 1st Pages
review xut hin gn vi cnh trn cng ca khung nhn.
Bc 3: Trong ct Task Name, kch chn tn ca nhim v 31, Proofread and index.
Nhim v 31, Proofread and index hin ang c hai ngy lm vic thc t hon thnh v
mt s ngy lm vic cn li theo k hoch tin .
Bn c bit rng vo ngy ngh cui tun, ngy 1 thng tm, mt ng ng nc

trong phng c bn tho-Proofread b v. Khng c thit b hay vt t dnh cho d n b h hi,
nhng vic dn dp s tr hon s lm vic trong phng ny n tn th T ngy 5 thng 8. Vic
ny thc s dng s lm vic trong nhim v c bn tho- Proofread and index mt vi ngy.
Tip theo, bn s ln li tin cng vic ang d dang c th bt u li vo th t.
Bc 4: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Status, kch Update Project.
Hp thoi Update Project xut hin.
Bc 5: Tch chn ty chn Reschedule uncompleted work to start after v trong hp nhp
bn cnh, g hoc chn 4/8/15.
Bc 6: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Update Project.

Chng XIII
221

Project chia tch nhim v 31 phn d dang ca nhim v ny c tr hon cho n th
Nh bn c th thy, mc d thi hn thc hin ca nhim v 31 vn gi nguyn l 10 ngy

lm vic nhng ngy kt thc ca n v cc ngy bt u theo sau ca cc nhim v k nhim
b y v sau. Mc d bn gii quyt mt vn c th, nhng khi lm nh vy, bn li to ra
cc vn khc cho phn cn li ca d n. Bn s gii quyt vic ny v cc vn khc trong
k hoch cc chng sau.
y l mt vi iu khc cn ghi nh khi theo di s tin trin:
- Bn c th tt kh nng ln li tin cng vic ang d dang ca Project trong cc nhim
v m c bt k thi gian lm vic thc t no c ghi li.Trn tab File, kch Options.
Trong hp thoi Project Options, kch vo tab Schedule, v sau , bn trong khu vc c nhn
Scheduling options for this project, b tch chn khi hp kim c nhn Split in-progress tasks.
- Nu bn s dng cc ngy trng thi-Status date bo co cc s vic thc t din ra,
Project cung cp mt s ty chn kim sot cch hon thnh v khng hon thnh cc giai
on ca mt nhim v c ln tin xung quanh ngy trng thi. Bn c th thy cc ty chn
ny bng cch lm nh sau: Trn tab File, kch Options. Trong hp thoi Project Options, kch
vo tab Advanced, v sau , bn trong khu vc c nhn Calculation options for this project, tch
chn Move end of completed parts after status date back to status date v iu chnh cc thit lp
bn di n.
Chng XIII
222
Xem v bo co tnh trng ca d n
Chng XIV
223

Sau khi mt ng c s ca d n c thit lp (lu) v s lm vic bt u, s tp
trung ch yu ca ngi qun l d n chuyn t bc lp k hoch sang thu thp, cp nht, phn
tch cc chi tit ca s thc hin ca d n ngoi thc t. i vi hu ht cc d n, nhng chi tit
ca s thc hin ny c tm gn trong ba cu hi chnh sau y:
- Bao nhiu thi gian lm vic c yu cu hon thnh mt nhim v ?
- Nhim v bt u v kt thc ng thi gian?
- u l chi ph hon thnh nhim v ?
So snh cc cu tr li cho nhng cu hi ny vi ng c s cung cp cho ngi qun l
d n v cc bn lin quan khc vi mt cch tt nht o lng s tin trin ca d n v xc
nh khi no th cn thit phi c hnh ng khc phc.
Khi m k hoch tin hin ti hoc s thc hin thc t ca d n khc vi k hoch c
s (c lu bi ng c s), bn c s khng n khp. Khng n khp-Variance thng c
o bng thi gian, chng hn nh cc ngy ko di, hoc chi ph, chng hn nh s tin vt qu
ngn sch. Sau khi vic lp k hoch ban u ca d n c hon tt, nhiu nh qun l d n
dnh phn ln thi gian ca h xc nh, iu tra v, trong rt nhiu trng hp l tr li v s
khng n khp. Tuy nhin, trc khi bn c th tr li v s khng n khp, trc tin bn phi
xc nh n. V l ch ca chng ny.
Vic truyn ti thng tin v tnh trng ca d n ti cc bn lin quan chnh, chng hn nh
khch hng v cc nh ti tr, c cho l chc nng quan trng nht ca mt ngi qun l d
n v cng l mt trong nhng vic c th chim nhiu thi gian nht ca bn. Mc d vic
truyn ti thng tin tt khng chc chn m bo s thnh cng ca mt d n nhng mt d n
vi s truyn ti thng tin ngheo nn th gn nh c bo m l tht bi.
Cha kha truyn ti ng tnh trng ca d n l phi bit nhng iu sau y:
- Ai cn bit tnh trng ca d n v cho mc ch g?
- Nhng ngi cn chi tit cp no hoc nh dng no?
Thi im tr li nhng cu hi ny c nm trong giai on lp k hoch ban u ca
d n. Sau khi s lm vic trong d n c tin hnh, nhim v truyn ti thng tin chnh ca
bn s l bo co tnh trng ca d n. N c th l cc dng sau:
- Cc bo co tnh trng: m t d n v mt chi ph, phm vi v tin ( l ba cnh ca tam
gic d n, s c m t trong Ph lc A).
- Cc bo co v s tin trin: ch gii cc cng vic c th hon thnh ca i ng thc
hin d n.
- Cc d bo: d on s thc hin ca d n trong tng lai
Trong chng ny, bn s xem xt tnh trng d n v mt khng n khp v tin v chi
ph.
14.1. Xc nh cc nhim v b trt tin .

Khi cc nhim v bt u hoc kt thc sm hn hoc mun hn so vi k hoch s dn n
s khng n khp v tin . Mt nguyn nhn ca s khng khp tin l cc tr hon v s bt
u v kt thc ca cc nhim v. Bn chc chn mun bit v nhng nhim v m chng bt
u mun hoc cc nhim v trong tng lai c th khng bt u nh tin d kin. Cng rt
hu ch khi xc nh cc nhim v hon thnh m khng bt u vo ng thi im yu cu
c gng xc nh ti sao iu xy ra.
C nhiu cch khc nhau thy s khng n khp trong cc nhim v, ty thuc vo loi
thng tin bn mun:
Chng XIV
224

- p dng khung nhn Tracking Gantt so snh bng biu s ngy theo ng c s
ca cc nhim v vi s ngy thc t hoc theo tin hin ti ca chng. ( lm iu ny, vo
tab View, trong nhm lnh Task View, kch vo u mi tn bn di nt Gantt Chart v sau
chn Tracking Gantt trong danh sch th xung).
- p dng khung nhn Detail Gantt th hin bng biu s ngy b trt ra khi ng
c s ca tng nhim v. ( lm iu ny, vo tab View, trong nhm Task View, nhn Other
Views, kch chn More Views v sau chn Detail Gantt).
- p dng bng Variance vo trong mt khung nhn dng Task xem s ngy sai lch ca
ngy bt u v k thc ca tng nhim v. ( lm iu ny, vo tab View, trong nhm lnh
Data, kch Tables v sau chn Variance).
- Lc cc nhim v nhim v b tr hon hoc trt bi b lc Slipped/Late Progress,
Slipping Tasks, hoc Late Tasks. ( lm iu ny, vo tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, trong
hp chn c nhn Filter, chn b lc m bn mun p dng).
* Nghip v qun l d n: S khng n khp c phi l mt iu tt?
Trong vic qun l d n, chng ta thng tm kim s khng n khp m c th c nh
hng xu trong mt d n, chng hn nh s khng n khp m y li ngy kt thc hoc tng
chi ph ca mt d n. Tuy nhin, thut ng khng n khp-Variance l cp n bt c s sai
khc gia cc s kin c ln tin v thc t xy ra, thm ch cc sai khc c th c tc
dng hu ch, chng hn nh mt ngy kt thc sm hn hoc mt chi ph thp hn d kin. Nu
bn may mn c qun l mt d n m c s khng n khp hu ch nh vy, cc k thut c
m t y s gip bn xc nh s khng n khp c li cng nh s khng khp bt li.
S tp trung ca bn khi l mt ngi qun l d n v s khng n khp l c bn ging
nhau m khng quan tm n bn cht ca n, l canh chng n, v khi n xy ra, truyn ti n
v cc nh hng ca n ti cc nh ti tr v cc bn lin quan khc ca d n v gim thiu n
theo tnh cht ca d n (nu n l s khng n khp bt li).
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, cng vic trong k hoch cun sch tr
em ang c tin hnh rt tt. Bn gp phi mt s s khng n khp so vi k hoch, ni
cch khc, s lm vic thc t lun lun khng ph hp vi k hoch c lu trong ng c
s. Bn mun c c mt ci nhn tt hn v s khng n khp ny trong k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn s dng cc khung nhn v cc b lc xc nh s khng n khp
trong cc nhim v v trong ton k hoch. bt u cc phn tch ca bn v cc nhim v
b trt, bn s bt u ti cp cao nht, l thng tin chung v d n.
Bn cn n tp tin Reporting Status_Start nm trong th mc tp tin Practises/Chapter 13
i km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Reporting Status_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc c tn
l Reporting Status_Start.
Bc 1: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch vo Project Information.
Hp thoi Project Information s xut hin.
Bc 2: Bm vo nt Statistics.
Hp thoi Statistics xut hin.
Chng XIV
225
Trong hp thoi ny, bn c th nhn thy rng k hoch cun sch mi ti nh xut bn
Lucerne Publishing hin ti c s khng n khp ng k v tin ngy kt thc. Ngy k thc
ca d n b trt hn 20 ngy.
Bc 3: Bm nt Close ng hp thoi Project Statistics.
i vi phn cn li ca v d ny, bn s s dng cc k thut khc nhau kim tra s
khng n khp ca cc nhim v c th.
di nt lnh Gantt Chart v sau chn Tracking Gantt.
Project s hin th khung nhn Tracking Gantt.
Bc 5: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, kch vo hp chn c nhn Timescale v
sau chn Weeks.
Thi gian biu iu chnh hin th nhiu hn na v k hoch.
Bc 6: Trong ct Task Name, kch chn tn ca nhim v 33, Send proofed pages to
Production v cun khung nhn Tracking Gantt nhim v 33 ny nm v tr gn cnh trn
cng ca khung nhn.
Trong phn biu ca khung nhn ny, cc thanh bar i din cc nhim v theo tin
hin ti s c mu xanh da tri (nu chng khng thuc l trnh then cht hoc mu (nu chng
thuc l trnh then cht). Bn di l cc thanh bar i din cho cc nhim v theo ng c s
xut hin vi mu xm.
Bng cch so snh cc thanh bar Gantt theo tin hin ti vi cc thanh bar Gantt theo
ng c s, bn c th thy nhng nhim v no bt u mun hn d nh hoc mt nhiu thi
gian hon thnh hn.
Chng XIV
226

Lu : xem cc thng tin chi tit v bt k thanh bar no hoc th khc no trong
khung nhn Gantt Chart, di chuyn con tr chut ln n. Sau mt lc, mt ScreenTip xut hin
vi cc thng tin chi tit.
ch tp trung vo cc nhim v b trt tin , bn s p dng mt b lc.
Bc 8: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo hp chn c nhn Filter (lc ban
u n cha [No Filter]) v sau chn More Filters.
Hp thoi More Filters xut hin. Trong hp thoi ny, bn c th nhn thy tt c cc b
lc c sn p dng cho cc nhim v ( trong khung nhn dng Task) hoc ti nguyn ( khung
nhn dng Resource) trong Project.
Bc 9: Chn Slipping Tasks v sau bm nt Apply.
Project lc ra mt danh sch ch bao gm cc nhim v cha hon thnh m tin hin
nay ca chng b trt khi ng c s.
Lu ti s ngt qung v cc s ID ca nhim v. V d, Nhim v t s 2 n 26 khng
xut hin trong danh sch sau khi p dng b lc v chng hon thnh.
Ti thi im ny trong k hoch tin , ngy bt u d kin cc nhim v cha hon
thnh b trt v sau. Hu ht cc thanh bar i din cho cc nhim v theo tin hin ti u
c nh dng mu ch ra rng chng rt quan trng, c ngha l bt k s chm tr no
trong vic hon thnh cc nhim v ny s tr hon ngy kt thc ca d n.
Bc 10: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo hp chn c nhn Filter ( hin nay
n ang cha [Slipping Tasks]) v sau chn Clear Filter.
Project g b b lc ny. Nh mi khi, vic p dng hay g b b lc khng nh hng ti
d liu ban u trong k hoch.
Khung nhn Tracking Gantt minh ha bng biu s khc nhau gia k hoch tin hin
ti, s thc hin ngoi thc t v ng c s. xem cc thng tin ny trong mt nh dng
bng, bn s hin th bng Variance trong khung nhn Task Sheet.
Bc 11: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task View, kch Other Views v sau chn Task
Sheet.
Project s hin th khung nhn Task Sheet. Tip theo, bn s chuyn i sang bng Variance.
Bc 12: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables v sau chn Variance.
Lu : Bn cng c th kch chut phi vo nt Select All nm gc trn cng bn tri ca
bng ang c m ra chuyn sang mt bng khc.
Bng Variance hin th trong khung nhn Task Sheet.
Trong bn ny, bn c th thy cc gi tr theo tin hin ti, ng c s v s khng n

khp ca tng nhim v.
Chng XIV
227

* Nghip v qun l d n: a ra cc thng tin v d n.
Nu bn lm vic trong mt c quan t chc m rt tp trung vo cc d n v qun l d
n, c th l c cc phng php v cc nh dng tiu chun ang tn ti trong c quan t chc
ca bn bo co tnh trng ca d n. Nu khng, bn c th a ra cc nh dng v tnh trng
ca d n m c da trn s truyn ti r rng v cc nguyn tc qun l d n hiu qu.
Cc k thut m bn c th s dng trong Project gip bn bo co tnh trng ca d n
bao gm nh sau:
- In bo co Project Overview. ( lm iu ny, trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View
Reports, kch Dashboards v sau chn Project Overview). bit thm thng tin, xem trong
chng 6 v chng 17.
- Nu bn c Microsoft Excel hoc Microshop Visio, in mt bo co trc quan tp trung
vo tnh trng. ( lm iu , trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh Export, kch Visual Reports).
bit thm thng tin, xem trong chng 19.
- Sao chp d liu ca Project sang cc ng dng khc, v d, sao chp khung nhn Gantt
Chart, s dng lnh Copy Picture. ( lm iu , trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Clipboard,
kch vo biu tng u mi tn bn cnh nt lnh Copy). bit thm thng tin, xem trong
chng 19.
- Xut-export d liu ca Project sang cc nh dng khc. ( lm iu , trn tab File,
kch Export v sau kch Create PDF/XPS Document, hoc kch Save Project as File v sau
chn nh dng m bn mun). bit thm thng tin, xem trong chng 19.
- Chia s cc thng tin v Project vi nhng ngi khc thng qua SharePoint v Project
Web Access (PWA). bit thm thng tin, xem trong ph lc C.
Di y l mt s li khuyn v ngh thm cho vic xem cc nhim v b trt tin :
- Bn c th thy tiu ch m hu ht cc b lc s dng xc nh nhng nhim v hoc
ti nguyn no s c hin th hoc b n. Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, trong hp chn
c nhn Filter chn More Filters. Trong hp thoi More Filters, chn mt b lc v sau bm
vo nt Edit. Trong hp thoi Filter Definition, bn c th thy equals c p dng cho cc
trng d liu khc nhau cho b lc .
- Bn c th nhanh chng hin th cc nhim v b chm-l cc nhim v b tr trong mi
quan h vi bt c ngy trng thi no do bn thit lp. thit lp mt ngy trng thi, trn tab
Project, trong nhm lnh Status, kch Status Date. Sau , trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh
Styles Bar, tch chn hp kim c nhn Tasks Late. Cc thanh bar Gantt ca cc nhim v m
c ln tin hon thnh trc ngy trng thi nhng cha c hon thnh c nh dng
bi mu xm en.
- Bo co Slipping Task m t cc nhim v b trt ngy kt thc. xem mt bo co
Slipping Task, trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Report, kch In Progress v sau chn
Slipping Tasks.
- Nu bn lu mt ng c s trong k hoch ca bn, bn c th hin th cc thanh bar
i din cho ng c s v phn b trt so vi ng c s trong phn biu ca khung
nhn Gantt Chart. Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Styles Bar, kch Baseline v Slippage, v
sau chn ng c s m bn mun hin th.
- Trong v d ny, bn xem s khng n khp ca nhim v. xem s khng n khp
ca cc s phn cng ti nhim v, chuyn sang khung nhn Task Usage v sau p dng bng
Variance ( xem s khng n khp v tin ) hoc cc bng Work ( xem s khng n khp
v thi gian lm vic).
Chng XIV
228
14.2. Kim tra cc chi ph ca nhim v.

Mc d quan trng trong hu nh tt c cc d n nhng tnh trng ca tin mi ch l
mt ch s nh gi s khe mnh d n. i vi cc d n m bao gm cc thng tin v chi
ph, c mt ch s quan trong khc nh gi l s khng n khp v chi ph (sai lch v chi ph).
Cc nhim v s dng vt qu hoc di mc ngn sch? Cc chi ph ca nhim v trong
Proejct gm c: cc chi ph c nh c p dng trc tip n cc nhim v; hoc cc chi ph
ca ti nguyn c ngun gc t cc s phn cng; hoc l c hai. Khi cc nhim v i hi nhiu
tin hn hoc t hn so vi k hoch hon thnh chng th s dn n s khng n khp v chi
ph. Vic nh gi s khng n khp v chi ph cho php bn thc hin cc iu chnh v ngn
sch cho cc nhim v ring bit trnh vic b vt qu ngn sch tng th ca d n.
Mc d cc nhim v v cc ti nguyn ( v cc chi ph ca chng) c quan h trc tip vi
nhau, nn vic nh gi ring r tng ci mt l cung cp thm nhiu kin thc.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thy phm vi tng th ca s khng
n khp v chi ph trong k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi. Tip theo bn s tp trung vo cc
nhim v c th m c s khng n khp cao v chi ph.
Trong v d ny, bn s xem s khng n khp v chi ph ca nhim v. Bn s bt u bng
vic hin th bng Cost.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables v sau chn Cost.
Trong bng ny, bn c th thy chi ph theo ng c s, chi ph theo tin hin ti
(trong ct Total Cost), chi ph thc t, v s khng n khp chi ph ca tng nhim v. Khng n
khp v chi ph l s khc nhau gia chi ph theo ng c s v chi ph theo tin hin ti. Tt
nhin, cc chi ph khng c ln tin theo cng ngha nh khi cng vic c ln tin ;
nhng cc chi ph c ngun gc t cc ti nguyn lm vic (ngoi tr cc chi ph c nh v cc
chi ph lin quan ti ti nguyn vt liu v ti nguyn chi ph) c trc tip tnh ton t thi gian
lm vic c ln tin .
Nhim v 0 l nhim v tng qut ca d n; cc gi tr chi ph ca n chnh l gi tr chi
ph ca d n v chng ph hp vi cc gi tr m bn s nhn thy trong hp thoi Project
Statistics. Nhng gi tr ny bao gm nhng th sau y
- Tng gi tr chi ph hin ti (Curent) l tng cng ca gi tr chi ph thc t-Actual (
hon thnh) v gi tr chi ph cn li-Remaining (cha hon thnh).
- Gi tr chi ph theo ng c s (Baseline) l chi ph c ln k hoch ca d n khi
ng c s ca n c thit lp ( khi ng c s c lu).
- Chi ph thc t (Actual) l chi ph c gnh chu cho n nay.
- Chi ph cn li (Remainder) l s khc nhau gia chi ph hin ti v chi ph thc t.
Tip theo, bn s tp trung vo cc chi ph cp bc cao.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Outline v sau chn Level 1.
Chng XIV
229

Project s n tt c cc nhim v con v cc nhim v khi qut lng bn trong, ch gi li
s hin th ca cc nhim v cp cao.
Nhn vo ct Variance, bn c th thy rng giai on Design and Production (Nhim v
27) chim gn nh tt c gi tr khng n khp v chi ph ca d n.
kt thc v d ny, bn s s dng b lc gip bn tp trung vo cc nhim v c s
khng n khp v chi ph.
Bc 3: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Outline v sau chn All Subtasks.
Project m rng danh sch cc nhim v hin th tt c cc nhim v con.
Bc 4: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch hp chn Filter v sau chn More
Filters.
Bc 5: Trong hp thoi More Filters, chn Cost Overbudget v sau bm nt Apply.
Project lc trong danh sch cc nhim v ch hin th cc nhim v m chi ph thc t
v chi ph theo tin hin ti ln hn chi ph theo ng c s ca chng. Qut qua danh sch
cc nhim v ny, bn c th thy rng nhim v 31 v 32 ang gnh chu s khng n khp ng
k.
Bc 6: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch hp chn Filter v sau chn Clear
Filter.
Project g b vic lc.
iu g gy ra s khng n khp v chi ph ca nhim v trong d n cun sch mi?
Bi v cc chi ph ca d n ny gn nh ton b c ngun gc t thi gian lm vic c thc
hin bi cc ti nguyn, bn c th kt lun rng l do thi gian lm vic cho n nay nhiu
hn thi gian lm vic d kin ban u c yu cu hon thnh cc nhim v gy ra s
khng n khp ny.
Nh chng ti lu trc , cc chi ph ca nhim v v ti nguyn c lin quan cht
ch vi nhau; trong hu ht cc trng hp, cc chi ph ca nhim v ch yu hoc hon ton xut
pht t cc chi ph ca ti nguyn c phn cng ti cc nhim v. Kim tra cc chi ph ca ti
nguyn l ch ca phn tip theo.
Di y l mt s li khuyn v gi thm khi lm vic vi d liu v chi ph:
- thy cc nhim v ang vt qu ngn sch, bn c th s dng bo co Task Cost
Overview. thy bo co ny, trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Report, kch Costs v sau
chn Task Cost Overview.
- Nu bn c phn mm Excel, bn c th s dng bo co Budge Cost. to ra bo co
Budge Cost, trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh Export, kch Visual Reports. Trong tab Assignment
Usage ca hp thoi Visual Reports, chn Budge Cost Report v sau bm nt View.
Chng XIV
230

- p dng b lc Late/Overbudget Tasks Assigned To filter cho mt ti nguyn c th.
lm iu , trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo hp chn Filter v sau chn More
Filters.
- Hin th s khng n khp v thi gian lm vic trong bng Work trong mt khung nhn
dng Task. lm iu , trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Tables v sau chn
Work. Nh rng i vi mt k hoch m phn ln cc chi ph c ngun gc t cc ti nguyn lm
vic th vic kim tra s khng n khp v thi gian lm vic cng l mt cch kim tra s
khng n khp v chi ph.
- Bn c th so snh thi gian lm vic trong li pha thi gian theo ng c s v theo
tin hin ti trong mt khung nhn dng Usage. V d, trong khung nhn Task Usage, trn tab
Format, trong nhm lnh Details, tch chn hp kim c nhn Baseline Work.
- Trong v d ny, bn xem s khng n khp v chi ph ca nhim v. xem s khng
n khp v chi ph theo thi gian ca cc s phn cng ti nhim v, chuyn sang khung nhn
Task Usage v sau p dng bng Cost. Trong khi ang trong mt khung nhn dng Usage,
bn cng c th thy cc chi tit ca chi ph (Cost), chi ph theo ng c s (Baseline Cost) v
chi ph thc t (Actual Cost) thng qua hp thoi Add Details. Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh
Details, chn cc ty chn m bn mun.
14.3. Kim tra cc chi ph ca ti nguyn.

Cc nh qun l d n i khi tp trung vo cc chi ph ca ti nguyn nh mt phng
tin o lng s tin trin v s khng n khp trong mt d n. Tuy nhin, cc thng tin v
chi ph ti nguyn cng phc v nhng ngi khc v cc nhu cu khc. i vi nhiu t chc c
quan, cc chi ph ca ti nguyn l cc chi ph ch yu hay thm ch l chi ph duy nht phi gnh
chu trong khi hon thnh cc d n, do vic theo di cht ch cc chi ph ca ti nguyn c th
lin quan trc tip n sc khe ti chnh ca mt t chc. Khng phi ngi qun l ca d n,
m thay vo l mt ngi thc hin, tc l nhn vin k ton hoc ngi qun l ti nguyn l
ngi quan tm nht v chi ph ca ti nguyn trong cc d n khi chng c lin quan n cc chi
ph ca t chc.
Mt l do ph bin khc theo di cc chi ph ca ti nguyn l cho vic thanh ton
ni b bn trong mt c quan t chc ( v d, thanh ton cc dch v do b phn khc cung cp
cho b phn ca bn) hay vi bn ngoi. Trong c hai trng hp, cc thng tin v chi ph ti
nguyn c lu tr trong cc k hoch c th phc v nh l c s cho vic thanh ton cho cc
i cung cp cc dch v cho b phn ca bn hoc ca c quan bn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, cc ph tn (chi tiu) trong k hoch cun
sch thiu nhi mi c ngun gc, i vi phn ln cc giai on, t cc chi ph ca cc s phn
cng ti nguyn. Bn thy cc chi ph ca nhim v, v vy tip theo bn s tp trung vo s
khng n khp v chi ph ca ti nguyn.
Trong v d ny, bn s dng cc bng v cc ty chn sp xp khc nhau nhn thy s
khng n khp v chi ph ca ti nguyn.
Bng Cost xut hin.
Chng XIV
231
Trong bng Cost, bn c th thy cc gi tr chi ph theo tin hin ti, theo ng c s
v cc chi ph lin quan khc ca tng ti nguyn. Trong hu ht cc trng hp y, cc gi tr
chi ph ca cc ti nguyn lm vic c ngun gc t mc lng ca tng ti nguyn nhn vi thi
gian lm vic trong cc s phn cng ca h ti cc nhim v trong k hoch.
Hin nay, khung nhn Resource Sheet ang sp xp cc ti nguyn theo s ID ca chng.
Tip theo, bn s sp xp chng theo chi ph ca ti nguyn.
Bc 3: Kch biu tng u mi tn AutoFilter trong tiu ct Cost, v trong danh sch
th xung chn Sort Largest to Smallest.
Project sp xp cc ti nguyn theo chi ph ca chng t cao xung thp. Lu rng cc
ti nguyn c sp xp theo cc gi tr trong ct Cost, l tng cng ca chi ph thc t (Actual)
vi chi ph cn li (Remaining) ca h.
Kiu sp xp ny nhanh chng cho bn ai l ti nguyn tn km t nht v ai l tn km

nht (nh s hin th trong ct Cost), nhng n khng gip cho bn thy c iu tng t nh
th trong s khng n khp (ct Variance). Bn s iu bc tip theo.
Bc 4: Kch biu tng u mi tn AutoFilter trong tiu ct Variance, v trong danh
sch th xung chn Sort Largest to Smallest.
Project s sp xp ti cc ti nguyn theo s khng n khp v chi ph t cao xung thp.
Chng XIV
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Vi danh sch cc ti nguyn c sp xp theo s khng n khp v chi ph, bn c th

nhanh chng tp tp trung vo cc ti nguyn m c s khng n khp ln nht, trong trng hp
ny th l Copyediters.
Bc 5: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Soft v sau chn by ID.
Project sp xp li cc ta nguyn theo s ID ca chng.
Lu rng lng tin trong ct khng n khp (Variance) mc d quan trng nhng li
khng cho bn c bit ton b cu chuyn v n. Lm g bit c nhng nhim v c t l
phn trm khng n khp cao nht. Mt nhim v c chi ph theo ng c s l 1.000 $ v 1.200
$ l chi ph thc t ca n, c t l phn trm khng n khp thp hn so vi nhim v c chi ph
theo ng c s l 100 $ v 200 $ l chi ph thc t. Trong cc d n phc tp, vic nm bt c
nhng nhim v c xu hng c t l phn trm khng n khp ln c th gip bn trnh c
nhng vn tng t trong tng lai. Trong phn tip theo, bn s thy mt cch bt u phn
tch s khng n khp theo hng ny.
Di y l mt s li khuyn v gi thm khi lm vic vi cc chi ph ca ti nguyn:
- Bn c th s dng bo co Cost Overview xem cc ti nguyn vt qu ngn sch.
lm iu ny, trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, nhn Dashboards v sau
chn Cost Overview.
- Bn cng c th xem cc gi tr chi ph trong li pha thi gian trong mt khung nhn
dng Usage. V d, ang trong khung nhn Resource Usage, trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh
Details, kch vo Add Details. Trong hp thoi Details Styles chn hin th cc hng (Show)
Baseline Cost v Cost. Cng c th lm iu tng t trong khung nhn Task Usage.
- Nu bn c phn mm MS Excel, bn c th s dng bo co Resource Cost Summary.
lm iu , trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh Export, kch Visual Reports. Trong tab
Resource Usage ca hp thoi Visual Reports, chn Resource Cost Summary Report v sau
bm nt View.
14.4. Bo co s khng n khp v chi ph ca d n bng khung nhn

Stoplight
C rt nhiu cc cch khc nhau bo co tnh trng ca mt d n v mt khng n khp
v nhim v hoc khng n khp v ngn sch hoc cc s o lng khc. Khng thiu cc tnh
nng c trong Project m h tr vic bo co tnh trng d n, nhng im chnh cn lu y
l phng php m bn s dng bo co tnh trng d n t vn k thut hn vn truyn
ti. V d, u l nh dng v cp ca chi tit m cc bn lin quan ca bn cn xem ? Cc
nh ti tr ca d n c nn thy cc kha cnh ca s thc hin ca mt d n m khc hn so
vi nhng g m cc ti nguyn ca n thy hay khng? Nhng cu hi ny l trng tm ca cng
vic ca ngi qun l d n. May mn thay, nh ni trc , Proejct l mt cng c truyn
thng phong ph m bn c th s dng xy dng cc loi thng tin v tnh trng d n nhm
p ng tt nht cc yu cu ca cc bn lin quan.
Chng XIV
233

Tip theo, bn tp trung vo vic to ra mt ci g m thng c gi l bn bo co
n dng li (Stoplight). Bo co tnh trng ny th hin cc ch s quan trng ca cc nhim v,
chng hn nh tnh trng v tin hoc ngn sch, l cc n c mu gin n: , vng v xanh
l. Nhng bo co tnh trng nh vy rt d hiu cho bt c ai v chng cng nhanh chng cung
cp mt ci cm gic chung v tnh trng sc khe ca mt d n. Ni ng ra, nhng g bn s
to ra y khng phi l mt bn bo co trong Project, v th chng ta s gi n l khung nhn
n dng li (Spotlight) thay v gi l bo co.
Lu : V d sau y s dng cc trng d liu v cc cng thc ty chnh. y l nhng
tnh nng mnh m trong Project v bn s thy rng chng c th p dng cho rt nhiu nhu cu
khc ngoi khung nhn Spotlight.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn kt lun rng cch tt nht gip
i ng lm vic trong k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi hiu r hn v s khng n khp v chi
ph l s dng mt khung nhn Spotlight.
Trong v d ny, bn iu chnh mt khung nhn bng cch s dng cc cng thc v trng
d liu ty chnh tp trung hin th s khng n khp v chi ph ca cc nhim v.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch Other Views v sau chn
Task Sheet.
Project s hin th khung nhn Task Sheet. N hin ang cha ng bn Cost.
tit kim thi gian, chng ti ty chnh mt trng d liu trong tp tin Project ny
n cha ng mt cng thc dng nh gi s khng n khp v chi ph ca tng nhim v.
Tip theo, bn s xem cng thc ny hiu n lm nhng g v sau xem cc ch th ha
c gn ti trng d liu.
Bc 2: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Columns, kch Custom Fields.
Hp thoi Custom Fields xut hin.
Bc 3: Trong hp chn c nhn Type gc trn cng pha bn phi ca khu vc c nhn
Field, chn Number t danh sch th xung.
Bc 4: Trong danh sch ca hp chn c nhn Field, chn Overbudget (Number3).
y chnh l trng d liu ty chnh m chng ti thit lp trc cho bn.
Bc 5: Bn di khu vc c nhn Custom attributes, bm vo nt Formula.

Chng XIV
234

Hp thoi Formula xut hin.
Cng thc ny nh gi s khng n khp v chi ph ca tng nhim v. Nu chi ph hin

ti ca nhim v bng t 0 n 10 phn trm chi ph theo ng c s, cng thc gn s 10 vi
nhim v. Nu chi ph hin ti nm trong khong t 10 n 20 phn trm chi ph theo ng c
s, n s gn gi tr l 20. Nu chi ph hin ti ln hn 20 phn trm so vi chi ph theo ng c
s, n gn gi tr l 30. V nhng gi tr 10, 20 hoc 30 s xut hin trong trng d liu ty chnh
Overbudget (Number3).
Bc 6: Bm nt Cancel ng hp thoi Formula.
Bc 7: Trong hp thoi Custom Fields, bn di khu vc c nhn Values to display, bm
nt Graphical Indicators.
Hp thoi Graphical Indicators xut hin. y, bn xc nh cc ch th ha c bit
hin th, s hin th ph thuc vo gi tr ca trng d liu Overbudget ca tng nhim v.
Mt ln na, tit kim thi gian, chng ti chn cc ch th ha trc cho bn.
Bc 8: Kch vo d liu u tin thuc ct Image ( hin ang cha mt gng mt ci

mu xanh l cy) v sau kch vo biu tng u mi tn xut hin bn cnh n.
Sau bn c th thy v s cc ch th ha m bn c th gn vi cc gi tr ca cc
trng d liu.
Bc 9: Bm nt Cancel ng hp thoi Graphical Indicators, v sau bm nt
Cancel mt ln na ng hp thoi Custom Fields.
Bc 10: Trong ct c nhn Task Name, kch vo biu tng tam gic expand/collapse bn
cnh tn ca nhim v 1, nhim v khi qut nh k Editorial staff meeting.
Danh sch cc nhim v nh k thu li ch hin th nhim v khi qut nh k.
kt thc v d ny, bn s hin th ct Overbudget (Number3) trong bng Cost.
Bc 11: Kch vo tiu ct c nhn Add New Column pha ngoi cng bn phi ca
bng.
Mt danh sch cc trng d liu c sn xut hin.
Chng XIV
235

Bc 12: Trong danh sch cc trng th xung, chn Overbudget (Number3).
Bn cng s nhn thy trng d liu ty chnh tng t tn l Number3 (Overbudget)
trong danh sch cc trng d liu ny.
Lu : Khi bn la chn cc mc trong mt danh sch nh vy, bn c th bt u bng
vic g tn ca mc m bn mun v, khi tn y ca n xut hin, chn n.
Project s hin th ct Overbudget trong bng Cost.
Lu : nhn thy gi tr s hc ca ch th ha trong mt ScreenTip, ch vic di chuyn

con tr chut ti ch th ha m bn mun.
Mi khi s khng n khp v chi ph ca nhim v thay i, dn n cc ch th ha
thay i theo phm vi c ch nh trong cng thc. y l mt nh dng thun tin cho vic
xc nh cc nhim v c s khng n khp v chi ph cao hn bn mun, nh c ch th bi
cc ch th mu vng hoc . Bn c th thy rng nhim v 31 v 32 c c lng tin khng n
khp ln ln t l phn trm khng n khp cao so vi ng c s nn c ch th bi cc khun
mt bun mu .
Cho n nay, bn xc nh c s khng n khp v tin v ngn sch trong mt
ln khung nhn dng Task v s khng n khp v ngn sch trong mt khung nhn dng Resource,
mi chng l mt thc o quan trng v tnh trng ca d n. y l lc thch hp nhc nh
bn thn mnh rng bo co cui cng c chn v tnh trng ca d n l khng ng vi nh
dng ca d liu trong Project nhng ng vi cc yu cu ca cc bn lin quan ti d n ca
bn. Vic xc nh nhng yu cu ny l g i hi cc k nng phn on v truyn ti tt ca
bn.
Chng XIV
236
a d n theo di tr li
Chng XV
237

Sau khi s lm vic c bt u trong mt d n, gii quyt s khng n khp khng
phi l mt s vic xy ra mt ln, m thay vo l s n lc khng ngng ca ngi qun l
d n. Ni mt cch c th, bn phi lun i ph vi s khng n khp v iu ph thuc vo
loi ca s khng n khp v v bn cht ca d n. Trong chng ny, chng ta s tp trung vo
mt s vn v s khng n khp c th ny sinh trong mt d n khi cng vic tin trin. Chng
ta s trnh by nhng vn ny quanh tam gic d n, c m t chi tit trong Ph lc A.
Chi ph
Thi gian
Phm vi
Ni ngn gn th m hnh tam gic d n trnh by mt d n v mt thi gian (hoc thi

hn thc hin), chi ph (hoc ngn sch), v phm vi (cng vic c yu cu ca d n to ra
mt s chuyn giao tha ng). Trong m hnh ny th thi gian, chi ph v phm vi c ni lin
vi nhau; do , vic thay i bt k mt yu t no c th nh hng n hai yu t cn li.
i vi mc ch ca vic xc nh, phn tch v gii quyt cc vn trong qun l d n, bn
s thy tht hu ch khi t cc vn vo trong mt trong ba yu t ny.
Trong hu nh bt k d n no, mt trong s nhng yu t ny s quan trng hn so vi
hai yu t cn li. Yu t quan trng nht ny i khi c gi l rng buc pht ng-Driving
constrain v n dn dt cc hnh ng ca bn khi l mt ngi qun l ca d n. V d, i vi
mt d n phi c kt thc vo mt ngy c th, bn c th cn to ra cc tha hip v chi ph
v phm vi p ng c ngy hn cht . Lm vic vi tam gic d n cung cp cho bn mt
phng php thch hp phn tch cc tha hip m gn nh phi lun lun to ra. iu quan
trng l n a cho bn mt cch gii thch r rng nhng u v khuyt im ca cc tha hip
ti cc ti nguyn, nh ti tr v cc bn lin quan khc ca d n.
Nhng vn c th m chng ta s tp trung trong chng ny khng nht thit phi l cc
vn ph bin nht m bn s phi i mt trong cc cc d n ca ring bn. Bi v mi d n
ch c mt, khng c cch no d on chnh xc nhng g s xy ra. Tuy nhin, chng ti
c gng lm ni bt cc vn cp bch nht thi im gia chng ca d n cun sch thiu
nhi mi ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing m chng ta tho lun trong sut cun sch ny
v p dng cc gii php ti cc vn ph bin. Trc , bn lm vic vi hu ht cc tnh
nng s c s dng trong chng ny, nhng y nh ca bn l khc vi nhng ln trc
- l a d n theo di tr li. Trong chng ny, bn s p dng mt lot cc chin thut
gii quyt cc vn v thi gian, chi ph v phm vi xy ra trong mt d n.
15.1. Khc phc cc vn v thi gian v tin .

S khng n khp v tin s gn nh chc chn s xut hin trong cc d n ko di. Duy
tr s kim sot theo tin i hi ngi qun l d n phi bit khi no th s khng n khp
xy ra v n mc no, v sau c hnh ng khc phc kp thi tip tc theo di. gip
bn xc nh khi no th s khng n khp xy ra, k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi c nhng
th sau y:
- Mt ngy hn cht p dng cho mt nhim v d b nh hng bi thi gian.
- Mt ng c s ca d n da vo bn c th so snh s thc hin thc t.
Ngy hn cht v ng c s ca d n s gip bn khc phc cc vn v thi gian v
tin trong Project.
Chng XV
238

Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi bt
gp loi khng n khp v tin m yu cu phi c cc hnh ng khc phc.
Trong v d ny, bn gii quyt mt ngy hn cht b b qua v rt ngn thi hn thc hin
ca mt s nhim v thuc l trnh then cht.
Bn cn n tp tin Back on track_Start nm trong th mc tp tin Practises/Chapter 15 i
km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Back on track_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc c tn l
Back on track.
Trc khi bt u khc phc cc vn v thi gian v tin , bn s c mt ci nhn tng
qut hn v mc khng n khp tin trong k hoch ny cho n nay.
Bc 2: Bm nt Statistics.
Nh bn c th thy, d n cun sch thiu nhi mi c c s khng n khp v tin ln

chi ph. S khng n khp v tin c lit k ti l giao gia ct Finish v hng Variance.
Cng nn lu rng, v mt thi hn thc hin tng th, k hoch ny hon thnh c khong
49%.
Bc 3: Nhn nt Close ng hp thoi Project Statistics.
Hp thoi Statistics cng bao gm c ngy kt thc ca d n. Tuy nhin, gim st ngy
kt thc ny khi bn lm vic v tin , bn c th ch n ngy kt thc-Finish ca nhim v
0, nhim v tng qut ca d n.
Ch ti ngy kt thc hin ti ca d n trong trng d liu Finish ca nhim v 0. Bn

bit rng ngy ny phi c rt ngn ph hp vi ngy bn in cun sch. Trc khi bn gii
quyt thi hn thc hin tng th ca d n, bn s kim tra ngy hn cht b b qua ca nhim v
45, Generate proofs.
Bc 4: Trong ct Task Name, chn tn ca nhim v 45, Generate proofs.
Bc 6: Di chuyn con tr chut ti ch th thi hn cht b b qua trong ct Indicators ca
nhim v 45, Generate proofs.
Chng XV
239
Cc s thay i v tin xy ra khin ngy hon thnh d kin ca nhim v ny

vt qua ngy hn cht ca n l ngy 12 thng 10. Tip theo, bn s nh dng khung nhn ny
nhn r hn cc nhim v thuc l trnh then cht- l cc nhim v dn dt ngy kt thc ca
k hoch ny.
Weeks.
Bc 8: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Bar Styles, kch Critical Tasks.
i vi cc nhim v thuc l trnh then cht, Project nh dng cc thanh bar nhim v
ca chng c mu .
Vi vic khung nhn hin th theo kiu ny, bn c th nhn thy nhim v 45 v rt nhiu
nhim v tin nhim ca n thuc l trnh then cht.
tip tc gii quyt thi hn cht b b b l ca nhim v 45, bn s tp trung vo cc
nhim v k nhim b dn ng v nhim v tin nhim pht ng ca n bng cch s dng tnh
nng Task Path.
Bc 9: Vi nhim v 45 vn ang c chn, trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Bar Styles,
kch Task Path v sau chn Driving Predecessors.
Project p dng mt nh dng mu cam sm ti cc thanh bar ca cc nhim v hin ang
dn dt tin ca nhim v 45. Bn s tp trung ln cc nhim v ny rt ngn ngy kt thc
d kin ca nhim v 45.
Bc 10: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Bar Styles, kch Task Path v sau chn
Driven Successors.
Project s p dng mt nh dng mu tm ti cc thanh bar ca cc nhim v c tin b
dn dt bi nhim v 45.
Bc 11: Trong ct Task Name, chn tn ca nhim v 31, Proofread and index.
Thanh bar Grantt ca nhim v 32 s hin th trong khung nhn.
Chng XV
240
y l nhim v u tin trong chui cc nhim v tin nhim pht ng ca nhim v 45.
Cc nhim v trc n c hon thnh v khng cn nh hng n vic ln tin ca cc
nhim v cha hon thnh cn li.
Tc gi ca cun sch thiu nhi mi, Tab Orman v mt bin tp tho- Copyeditor ang
c phn cng ti nhim v ny. Sau khi tham kho kin ca cc ti nguyn c phn cng
ti, bn ng rng nhim v 31 c th c hon thnh trong mt thi hn thc hin ngn hn
mt cht: l 12 ngy.
Bc 13: Trong trng d liu Duration ca nhim v 31, g 12 v sau nhn phm Enter.
Project gim thi hn thc hin ca nhim v ny v ln li tin cc nhim v k nhim
b nh hng, bao gm c nhim v 45 v ngy kt thc ca d n.
Tuy nhin, s iu chnh ny khng sa ngy hn cht b nh ca nhim v 45.

Nhim v 32 gi ang c chn. i vi nhim v ny, bn v cc ti nguyn c phn
cng n ng rng nn b sung thm mt ti nguyn gim thi hn thc hin ca nhim v
ny.
Bc 14: Chc chn rng nhim v 32 ang c chn, trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh
Assignements, kch Assign Resource.
Hp thoi Assign Resource xut hin, vi tn ca cc ti nguyn hin ang c phn cng
ti nhim v 32 trn cng ca ct Resource Name.
Chng XV
241

Bc 15: Trong hp thoi Assign Resource, trong ct Resource Name, chn Jane Dow v
sau bm nt Assign.
Sau khi phn cng thm ti nguyn, bn cn ni vi Project cch thc n nn iu chnh
vic ln tin ca nhim v ny.
Bc 16: Kch vo ch th Action trong trng Task Name ca nhim v 32 ( biu tng
hnh tam gic nh gc trn cng bn tri ca trng d liu) v sau kch vo nt Action xut
hin bn cnh.
Danh sch cc hnh ng-Action xut hin.
Bc 17: Kch vo ty chn Reduce duration but keep the same amount of work.
Project gim thi hn thc hin ca nhim v 32 t 10 xung cn 6 ngy. Bi v ty chn
Action m bn chn, Project gi s lng thi gian lm vic ca nhim v nh c, nhng thi
gian lm vic ny hin ang c phn phi cho 3 ti nguyn c phn cng ti ch khng phi
l hai ti nguyn nh lc u.
Bc 18: Bm vo nt Close ng hp thoi Assign Resource.

Kim tra ch th ngy hn cht v thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v 45, bn s thy rng cc
hnh ng trn di chuyn ngy hon thnh ca nhim v 45 gn ti ngy hn cht ca n
hn, nhng n vn cha chng vi ngy .
Chng XV
242

Nhn qua cc nhim v tin nhim cn li ca nhim v 45, bn thy rng nhim v 34 v
35 c mt mi quan h loi finish-to-start v c cc ti nguyn khc nhau c phn cng ti. Sau
hi kin cc ti nguyn c phn cng ti, bn quyt nh rng nhng nhim v ny c th
c hon thnh song song. Tip theo, bn s thay i loi quan h gia chng.
Bc 19: Di chuyn thanh chia ng ca khung nhn sang bn phi nhn thy ct
Predecessors thuc phn bng ca khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Bc 20: Trong trng d liu Predecessors ca nhim v 35, g 34SS v sau nhn phm
Enter.
Project s thay i loi quan h nhim v sang Start-to-Start.
By gi, hai nhim v ny c mi quan h loi Start-to-Start, ngy bt u ca nhim v

k nhim di chuyn ln trc 5 ngy. Kim tra ch th ngy hn cht ca nhim v 45, bn thy
rng ch th ngy hn cht b b qua bin mt do s ngy m bn rt i nhim v 45 k
thc vo ngy hn cht (y l s ngy t nht). Ngy kt thc ca d n c iu chnh mt
cch tng ng bi nhng thay i v tin ny ti cc nhim v trong l trnh then cht.
y l mt thi hn cht quan trng trong nhim v 45, do bn ln k hoch gim st
cht ch s tin trin trong cc nhim v tin nhim ca n khi cng vic tin trin trong d n.
Bc 21: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Bar Styles, kch Task Path v sau chn
Remove Highlighting.
* Gim thi hn thc hin ca nhim v bng cch phn cng ti nguyn lm vic thm
gi
Mt cch gim thi hn thc hin ca mt nhim v l thm thi gian lm thm gi
cho ti nguyn c phn cng ti. c bit l nu ti nguyn c mt mc lng lm thm gi th
s tha hip ny c th l thm cc chi ph. thm thi gian lm thm gi, hy thc hin cc
bc sau:
Bc 1: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Properties, bm Details.
Khung nhn Task Details xut hin bn di khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Bc 2: Kch chut vo bt c ni no thuc khung nhn Task Details v sau trn tab
Format, trong nhm lnh Details, kch Work.
Bc 3: i vi cc nhim v m bn mun thm gi lm thm, trong khung nhn Task
Details nhp s gi lm thm bn mun trong ct c nhn Ovt.Work v sau nhn nt OK.
Khi bn thm thi gian lm thm gi, tng s thi gian lm vic ca ti nguyn trong nhim
v vn gi nguyn. Tuy nhin, sau khi nhp mt gi tr thi gian lm thm gi th gi tr ny s
Chng XV
243

c ln tin l gi lm thm. Cng vi s lng thi gian lm vic s c thc hin nh
nhau nhng thi hn thc hin ( s ngy) s ngn hn. Project cng s p dng cc mc lng
lm thm gi, nu chng c thit lp, cho cc phn thi gian lm thm gi trong s phn
cng. Nu bn d kin phn cng gi lm thm m mt mc lng lm thm gi nn c p
dng, chc chn rng bn c mt mc lng lm thm gi hp l thit lp cho ti nguyn c
phn cng.
15.2. Khc phc cc vn v chi ph v ti nguyn.

Trong cc d n m bn nhp cc thng tin chi ph cho cc ti nguyn, bn c th thy
rng bn phi tinh chnh cc chi tit ca ti nguyn v s phn cng gii quyt cc vn v
chhi ph hoc ngn sch. Mc d y khng phi l nh ca bn nhng s thay i cc chi tit
ca s phn cng ti nguyn khng ch nh hng n cc chi ph m cn c th nh hng n
thi hn thc hin ca nhim v.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, ngoi s khng n khp v tin , k
hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi cn c mt s s khng n khp v chi ph. Vi tin nh hin
ti, k hoch ny s kt thc vi chi ph vt khong 11.000 $ so vi d kin (trong ng c s),
tng khong 11% so vi ngn sch. Nh li t Chng 14 rng s khng n khp v chi ph ca
k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi l kt qu ca vic mt s thi hn thc hin ca nhim v ko
di hn d kin, v thi gian lm vic thm lm tng chi ph ca cc ti nguyn c phn cng
ti. gii quyt s khng n khp v chi ph trong d n ny, bn s tp trung vo cc chi ph
ca ti nguyn. Trong khi kim tra cc vn v chi ph ca ti nguyn, bn cng s tm kim cc
c hi gii quyt bt c vn phn b vt mc ti nguyn no xut hin trong k hoch.
Trong v d ny, bn kim tra cc gi tr chi ph ca ti nguyn v thay th mt ti nguyn
c phn cng ti mt nhim v bng mt ti nguyn khc.
Bn s s dng khung nhn Resource Sheet xc nh cc ti nguyn tn km nht trong
cc nhim v cn li-tn km khng phi trong mc lng m l tng chi ph tiu tn trong k
hoch ny li da trn cc s phn cng ca chng.
Bng Cost xut hin trong khung nhn Resource Sheet.
Ti thi im ny, khong mt na thi hn thc hin ca d n tri qua, v vy cc ti

nguyn tn km nht trong ton b k hoch c th khng phi l cc ti nguyn km nht trong
cc nhim v m n nay vn cha hon thnh. xc nh cc ti nguyn tn km nht trong cc
nhim v cn li, bn s sp xp li bng.
Chng XV
244

Bc 3: Kch biu tng mi tn AutoFilter trong tiu ct Remaining, v trong danh sch
th xung, chn Soft Largest to Smallest.
Bn c th thy rng Hany Morcos v Jane Dow c gi tr chi ph cn li cao nht thi
im ny trong thi hn thc hin ca k hoch. Vic qun l cc chi ph ca hai ti nguyn ny
l mt cch c th gip bn hn ch s khng n khp thm v chi ph. Cng lu rng tn Hany
ang c nh dng bi mu , iu ch ra rng c y ang b phn b vt mc.
Project hin th khung nhn Gantt Chart. Tip theo, bn s nhn thy cc nhim v m
Hany v Jane c phn cng ti.
Bc 5: Nu cn thit, ko thanh chia ng ca khung nhn sang bn phi hin th ct
Resource Names, v sau kch vo nt AutoFilter bn cnh tiu ct Resource Names.
Bc 6: Trong danh sch th xung, kch (Select All) ngay bn di mc Filters xa
b tch chn trc tn cc ti nguyn, v sau tch chn Hany Morcos v Jane Dow.
Bc 7: Bm nt OK.
Project s lc danh sch cc nhim v hin th cc nhim v m Hany v Jane c
phn cng ti.
Bc 8: Cun thanh cun ng ca khung nhn nhn thy cc nhim v pha bn di.
Chng XV
245
Nhn vo nhng nhim v cha hon thnh, bn c th pht hin ra s phn b vt mc

ca Hany Morcos: c y c phn cng ti nhim v 37 v 41, chng chng cho ln nhau.
l l do ti sao m ch th phn b vt mc ti nguyn mu xut hin trong ct ch th ca
nhng nhim v ny.
Bn c th sa cha s phn b vt mc ca Hany bng cch cn i ti nguyn, nhng
iu c th ko di ngy kt thc ca d n v s khng gip g cho vic gim chi ph tng th
ca d n. Thay vo , bn s thay th Hany bi mt ti nguyn t tn km hn vo mt trong
nhng s phn cng ca c y.
Bc 9: Kch vo nt AutoFilter ( hnh dng hin nay ging nh ci phu bi v b lc
ang c p dng) bn cnh tiu ct Resource Name, v trong danh sch th xung, chn
Clear Filter from Resource Names.
Project s b lc khi danh sch nhim v hin th tt cc nhim v.
Bc 10: Trong ct Task Name, kch chn tn ca nhim v 37, Proof and review.
y l mt nhim v m mt nhn vin bin tp t kinh nghim hn (hoc r hn) c th x
l, do bn s thay th Hany.
Bc 11: Trong tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Assignments, kch Assign Resources.
Hp thoi Assign Resources xut hin. Lu ti chi ph ca s phn cng Hany ti nhim
v 37: 1.550 $.
Bc 12: Trong hp thoi Assign Resourcse, trong ct c nhn Resource Name, kch chn
Hany Morcos v sau bm nt Replace.
Hp thoi Replace Resource xut hin. Trong hp thoi ny, bn nhn thy tng chi ph ca
tng ti nguyn da trn mc lng v s phn cng ca h ti cc nhim v trong k hoch.
Bc 13: Trong ct c nhn Resource Name trong hp thoi Replace Resource, kch chn
Jun Cao v sau bm nt OK.
Chng XV
246

Project s thay th Hany bng Jun trong s phn cng ti nhim v ny.
Chi ph thp hn ca Jun trong s phn cng ny, 880 $, xut hin trong hp thoi Assign
Resources. Cng lu rng ch th phn b vt mc ti nguyn mu khng cn xut hin
trong ct ch s, nh vy l bn gii quyt s phn b vt mc ca Hany. Cui cng, cng lu
rng ngy kt thc ca nhim v 37 di chuyn ln trc 1 ngy. iu ny l do lch lm vic
four by ten (mt tun lm vic 4 ngy, mi ngy lm 10 ting) m bn thit lp trong chng
4.
Bc 14: Trong hp thoi Assign Resources, bm nt Close.
15.3. Khc phc cc vn v phm vi ca cng vic.

Phm vi ca mt d n nn bao gm tt c cc cng vic cn thit- v ch l cng vic cn
thit- giao sn phm ca d n thnh cng ti khch hng d nh ca n. Sau khi s lm vic
trong d n bt u, vic qun l phm vi ca n thng i hi to ra cc s tha hip: tha
hip v thi gian i vi tin bc, hoc tha hip v cht lng i vi thi gian
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn mi ch bn bc vi ban qun tr (l
cc nh ti tr d n). Bn c yu cu phi ct gim khong 5.000 $ trong chi ph ca cc nhim
v cn li ca k hoch cun sch thiu nhi mi. Ngy kt thc ca k hoch ny nh d nh l
ph hp, nhng chi ph thc t c vt ngn sch mt cht. Bn cn phi gim bt cng vic
gim phn chi ph cn li ( phn cng vic cha hon thnh).
Trong v d ny, bn s xem cc chi ph cn li ca cc nhim v v g b mt s nhim v
ra khi k hoch.
S tp trung ca bn y l v cc nhim v cha hon thnh, v th bn s lc danh sch
cc nhim v.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch vo hp chn c nhn Filter (ban u
n ang cha ng [No Filter]) v sau chn Incompleted Tasks.
Project lc danh sch cc nhim v ch hin th cc nhim v hin vn cha hon thnh
v cc nhim v khi qut ca chng.
Chng XV
247
Mt nhm cc nhim v trong k hoch c th c ct gim i m khng nh hng n

kt qu ca k hoch cun sch mi l nhim v 40 v cc nhim v con ca n, Design books
companion website. Chi ph cn li ca cng vic ny l hn 5.000 $ ph hp vi yu cu phi ct
i khi k hoch. Sau khi bn bc vi cc nh ti tr ca d n, bn ng rng vic g b nhm
nhim v ny l hp l.
Bc 3: La chn tn ca nhim v 40, nhim v khi qut Design books companion
website.
Bc 4: Lm mt trong cc bc sau:
- Nu bn ang s dng phn mm MS Project Professional, tip tc vi bc 5.
- Nu bn ang s dng phn mm MS Project Standard, b qua bc 5 tin ti bc
6.
Bc 5: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Schedule, kch Inactivate.
Project s dng hot ng nhim khi qut ny v cc nhim v con ca n.
Nhng nhim v b dng hot ng ny vn c gi trong k hoch ny, nhng hin gi

chng khng c ln tin hoc tc ng ti chi ph. Ch rng, gi tr chi ph cn li
Chng XV
248

(Remaining) ca nhim v 0, nhim v tng qut ca d n, v nhim v 27, nhim v khi qut
Design and Production u gim tng ng.
Lu : Ngi s dng phin bn MS Project Professional dng bc ny.
Bc 6: Vi tn ca nhim v 40 ang c chn, kch chut phi v trong shortcut menu
xut hin, chn Selecte Task.
Hp thoi Planing Wizard c th s xut hin, hi bn kim tra rng bn tht s c mun
xa nhim v khi qut ny v cc nhim v con ca n hay khng. Nu n xut hin, chc chn
rng la chn Continue l c chn v sau bm nt OK.
Project s xa nhim v khi qut ny cng vi cc nhim v con ca n v nh li s ID
ca cc nhim v cn li.
Lu rng gi tr chi ph cn li (Remaining) ca nhim v 0, nhim v tng qut ca d

n, v nhim v 27, nhim v khi qut Design and Production u gim tng ng.
Bn tham kho kin ca cc nh ti tr ca d n, h hi lng khi bn hon tt d n
cun sch mi vi mt mc chi ph thp hn. Mc d vic hon thnh cng vic cn li trong thi
gian nht nh v cc rng buc v chi ph s l mt thch thc nhng bn ang lc quan v s
thc hin trong tng lai ca d n, vic mang li cho bn nhng k nng v qun l d n v kin
thc v Project.
Chng XV
249
p dng nh dng v in n cao cp
Chng XVI
250

Chng ny gii thiu n bn mt s cc tnh nng nh dng cao cp hn trong
Microsoft Project 2013. Mt k hoch c nh dng tt c th c gi tr khi truyn ti cc thng
tin chi tit ti cc ti nguyn, cc khch hng v cc bn lin quan khc. Mt s kh nng nh
dng trong Project tng t nh nhng nh dng trong mt trnh son tho vn bn da trn
phong cch-Style, chng hn nh Microsoft Word, trong trnh son tho ny bn ch nh mt
phong cch v n s nh hng n tt c cc ni dung c trong vn bn m phong cch
c p dng. Trong Project, bn c th s dng cc phong cch thay i s xut hin ca
mt loi thanh bar Gantt c th, chng hn nh thanh bar ca nhim v khi qut, trong ton b
mt k hoch. Nhng ty chn nh dng khc c gii thiu trong chng ny tp trung trc
tip vo nh dng ca nhim v v nh dng ca mt s khung nhn c s dng thng xuyn.
Trong chng ny, bn s p dng mt s tnh nng nh dng cao cp hn ca Project ti khung
nhn.
16.1. nh dng khung nhn biu Gantt

Bn c th nh dng cc mc-thnh phn c th (v d, biu tng ct mc-Milestone) trong
mt khung nhn biu Gantt thay i s xut hin ca mc . Trong chng 6, bn lm
vic vi cc phong cch ca biu Gantt -Gantt Chart Style v lm vic trc tip vi nh dng
ca thanh bar Gantt. Trong phn ny, bn s lm vic vi cc phong cch ca thanh bar- Bar Styles
thay i din mo hin th ca cc loi c th ca thanh bar Gantt (chng hn nh nhim v
khi qut) v cc thnh phn khc (chng hn nh ch th ng hn cht) theo nhng cch m
cc phong cch ca biu Gantt khng th c. Cc thay i v nh dng m bn thc hin ch
p dng i vi khung nhn hin ang m ra.
Lu : Hy nh rng c rt nhiu khung nhn l khung nhn biu Gantt, mc d ch c
mt khung nhn c c bit gi l khung nhn Gantt Chart. Cc khung nhn biu Gantt khc
bao gm: Detail Gantt, Leveling Gantt, Multiple Baselines Gantt v Tracking Gantt. Thut ng
khung nhn biu Gantt thng dng cp n mt kiu th hin m trong c hin th
cc thanh bar Gantt c t chc theo mt thi gian biu.
Ngoi vic thay i nh dng ca cc thnh phn c th xut hin trong mt khung nhn
biu Gantt ( chng hn nh thanh bar Gantt ca mt nhim v), bn c th thm hoc g b
cc thnh phn. V d, bn c th thm hoc bt cc thnh phn c th so snh k hoch theo
ng c s, k hoch tm thi v k hoch hin ti trong mt khung nhn duy nht. Khi lm nh
vy s gip bn nh gi cc iu chnh v tin m bn lm.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn ang qun l mt d n cun sch m
hin gi n ang c thc hin. i vi d n ny, bn ang theo di s tin trin mt cch cht
ch v thy gi tr trong vic hin th cho i ng thc hin mt khung nhn m so snh tin
trin hin ti vi mt k hoch ng c s. By gi bn mun thm mt k hoch tm thi ti
khung nhn ny bi k hoch tm thi c xy ra ng hn so vi ng c s gc ban u.
Trong v d ny, bn ty chnh mt khung nhn biu Gantt vi mt phong cch thanh bar
ty chnh.
Bn cn n tp tin Advanced Formatting_Start nm trong th mc tp tin
Practises/Chapter 16 i km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Formatting_Start v lu
n thnh tp tin khc c tn l Advanced Formatting.
bt u, bn s hin th khung nhn Tracking Gantt.
di nt lnh Gantt Chart v sau chn Tracking Gantt t danh sch th xung.
Project hin th khung nhn Tracking Gantt.
Chng XVI
251
Tip theo, bn s ty chnh khung nhn ny. Bn s thm cc thanh bar ca k hoch tm
thi ti khung nhn.
Bc 2: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Bar Styles, kch Format v sau chn Bar
Styles t danh sch th xung.
Hp thoi Bar Styles xut hin. Trong hp thoi ny, cc thay i v nh dng m bn thc
hin cho mt loi thanh bar hoc thnh phn c th no p dng ti tt c cc thanh bar hoc
thnh phn nh vy trong biu Gantt. Tt c cc loi thanh bar v thnh phn u c lit k
trong ct Name trong hp thoi Bar Styles.
Lu : Bn cng c th hin th hp thoi ny bng cch kch p vo nn (background)

ca phn biu trong khung nhn biu Gantt hoc kch chut phi trn nn ca phn biu
v chn Bar Styles t menu ng cnh xut hin.
Bc 3: Trong ct Name, chn Summary Progress.
Bc 4: Bm nt Insert Row.
Project s chn mt dng trng cho mt loi thanh bar mi vo trong bng ny. Project s
v cc thanh bar Gantt theo th t m chng c lit k trong hp thoi Bar Styles.
Bc 5: Trong d liu thuc hng mi trong ct Name, g Interim (tm thi).
Interim l tn ca loi thanh bar mi m s xut hin trong phn biu ca khung nhn
ny.
Chng XVI
252

Lu : Tn ca cc thanh bar i din cho nhim v s xut hin trong phn ch gii
(Legend) ca cc khung nhn biu Gantt khi c in ra. Nu bn khng mun tn ca thanh bar
i din cho nhim v xut hin trong phn ch gii ny, g mt du sao (*) pha trc tn ca
thanh bar . V d, nu bn mun ngn khng cho tn ca thanh bar mi ny l Interim xut hin
trong phn ch gii, bn s nhp cho tn ca n y l *Interim. Trong hp thoi Bar Styles, bn
c th thy rng tn ca thanh bar i din cho nhim v Manual Milestone (v mt s tn khc
na) c bt u vi du sao, v vy n s khng xut hin trong phn ch gii ca khung nhn
biu Gantt khi c in.
Bc 7: Vn trong hng mi ny, kch vo d liu thuc ct Show ForTasks v sau
chn Normal trn u danh sch th xung.
Gi tr trong ct Show For Tasks ch th loi ca nhim v m thanh bar s i din ( chng
hn nh Normal Task-Nhim v bnh thng, Summary Task- Nhim v khi qut hoc MilestoneCt mc) hoc tnh trng ca nhim v ( chng hn Critical-then cht hoc Progress-ang tin
trin).
Bc 7: Vn trong hng mi ny, kch vo d liu thuc ct Row v sau chn 2 trong
danh sch th xung.
Mi mt nhim v c th c ti 4 hng thanh bar. La chn y cho php Project hin th
thanh bar nm hng th my.
Lu : Project v cc thanh bar v cc thnh phn khc trn mt hng thanh bar theo thc
t m chng c lit k trong hp thoi Bar Styles. iu ny cho bn bit mt s thanh bar
c th b che khut bi mt thanh bar khc (hoc thnh phn khc). Nu bn khng nhn c kt
qu nh mong mun, hy kim tra th t ca chng trong hp thoi Bar Styles.
Bc 8: Trong thuc ct From cng hng, chn Start1 t danh sch th xung.
Bc 9: Trong thuc ct To cng hng, chn Finish1 t danh sch th xung.
Gi tr trong ct From v To th hin im bt u v kt thc ca thanh bar. Cc mc

Start1 v Finish1 l cc trng d liu m trong cc gi tr ca k hoch tm thi u tin
c chng ti thit lp sn cho bn trong k hoch ny. Ngy bt u v kt thc hin thi ca
tng nhim v trong k hoch c lu trong cc trng d liu ny khi k hoch tm thi
c thit lp. Xem li trong chng 13, bn c gii thiu v k hoch tm thi.
Hin gi bn ch dn Project s dng ngy bt u v kt thc ca k hoch tm thi
u tin cho cc thanh bar Interim. Tip theo, tp trung s ch ca bn vo na bn di ca
hp thoi Bar Styles. y bn s thay i phong cch hin th din mo ca thanh bar mi.
Chng XVI
253

Bc 10: Chc chn rng thanh Bar Interim m bn mi va to vn ang c chn. Bn
di nhn Middle, chc chn rng la chn th hai trong hp chn c nhn Shape ang c chn
(l la chn th hai t trn xung trong danh sch cc la chn xut hin khi bm vo hp chn
ny).
Bc 11: Kch vo hp chn c nhn Pattern, sau chn la chn th hai t trn xung
trong danh sch cc la chn xut hin.
Bc 12: Kch vo hp chn c nhn Color, sau kch chn mu xanh l cy Green bn
di nhn Standard Colors.
Lu : Di chuyn con tr chut ti mt mu sc nhn thy tn ca n trong mt
ScreenTip.
Bi v khung nhn ty chnh ny tp trung vo k hoch tm thi, nn tip theo bn s nh

dng cc thanh bar Interim hin th ngy bt u v kt thc ca chng.
Bc 13: Trong khu vc bn di ca hp thoi Bar Styles, kch tab Text.
Bc 14: Trong hp chn c nhn Left, kch v sau chn Start1 trong danh sch th
xung.
Lu : Khi la chn cc mc t mt danh sch ging nh vy, bn thng c th bt u
bng vic g tn ca mc m bn mun, v khi tn y ca n xut hin, chn n. V d, nu
bn g s, Project hin th cc gi tr m bt u vi ch ci s. Nu sau bn g t, Project hin
th cc gi tr m bt u vi cc ch ci st.
Bc 15: Trong hp chn c nhn Right, kch v sau chn Finish1 trong danh sch th
xung.
Vic la chn nhng gi tr ny s hin th ngy trong trng d liu Start1 v Finish1 trn
hai cnh ca cc thanh bar Interim.
Chng XVI
254

Bc 16: Bm nt OK ng li hp thoi Bar Styles.
Project hin th cc thanh bar Interim mu xanh l cy trong khung nhn Tracking Gantt.
Hin gi, vi nhiu hng thanh bar c hin th trong mi nhim v, iu c th gy
kh khn khi kt ni th gic tn ca cc nhim v vi cc thanh bar ca chng. khc phc iu
ny, bn s thm ng li nm ngang ti phn biu ca khung nhn ny bn c th d
dng lin kt th gic cc thanh bar Gantt vi cc nhim v ca chng.
Bc 17: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Format, kch Gridlines v sau chn
Gridlines.
Bc 18: Tron danh sch lit k bn di nhn Lines to change, chc chn rng mc Gantt
Rows ang c chn v trong hp chn c nhn Type bn di nhn Normal, la chn ng nt
t mnh ( la chn th t t trn xung) trong danh sch th xung v sau bm nt OK.
Project s v cc ng nt t mnh ct ngang phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt
Tracking.
kt thc v d ny, bn s thu nh c mt ci nhn tt hn v tng th ca k hoch.
Bc 19: Trn tab View, trn nhm lnh Zoom, kch vo hp chn Timescale v sau
chn Week.
Bc 20: Trong ct Task Name, kch chn tn ca nhim v 3, Content edit.
y bn c th thy rng nhim v 3 hon thnh (hin th l thanh bar mu da tri

nm trn cng trong hng ca nhim v) chi s rng ngy bt u ca n ging nh thanh bar
ca k hoch tm thi (thanh bar mu xanh l cy di cng trong hng ca nhim v) v c hai
u c ln tin bt u mun hn so vi ng c s ( thanh bar mu xm gia hng ca
nhim v). iu ny xy ra bi v, sau khi ng c s c thit lp, cc thay i ti tin
c thc hin y ngy bt u c ln tin ca nhim v li v sau. Sau , k hoch
tm thi c lu li.
Lu : thy cc thng tin chi tit v bt k thanh bar no trong mt biu Gantt,
ch vic di chuyn con tr chut ti thanh bar . Cc thng tin chi tit ca n s xut hin trong
mt ScreenTip.
* Cn nhng ty chn nh dng khc:
Project cn cung cp thm nhiu cc tnh nng nh dng biu Gantt khc vi nhng
th m bn lm vic trong phn ny. Nu bn mun khm ph cc ty chn nh dng khc,
hy ch ti nhng lnh sau trong tab Format:
- Text Styles trong nhm lnh Format: Dng nh dng cc vn bn-Text lin quan n
mt loi nhim v c th hoc ton b.
- Layout trong nhm lnh Format: Dng nh dng cc ng lin kt gia cc nhim
v v s hin th ca thanh bar Gantt.
Chng XVI
255

- Baseline v Slippage trong nhm lnh Bar Styles: nhanh chng bt s hin th ca cc
thanh bar ca 11 ng c s v 11 ng trt tin (V d, Baseline, Baseline1 ti Baseline10)
trong phn biu ca mt khung nhn biu Gantt.
Tt c cc ty chn m bn chn trong nhm lnh Bar Styles ca tab Format ( nhng th
khc ngoi lnh Format) u c th hin trong hp thoi Bar Styles. Bn c th thay i din
mo hin th ca cc nhim v then cht, s chng v cc thnh phn khc thng qua hp thoi
Bar Styles. Ngoi ra, nu bn lu nhiu ng c s, bn c th nhanh chng chuyn i sang
ng c s m bn mun hin th (v d ang trong khung nhn Tracking Gantt Chart) bi lnh
Baseline trong nhm lnh Bar Styles. Khi bn lm nh th, Project t ng chuyn i cc gi tr
From v To ca cc thanh bar theo ng c s v cc yu t khc s dng cc gi tr ca
ng c s m bn ang hin th.
16.2. nh dng khung nhn Timeline

Nh ni trong chng 1 v chng 6, khung nhn Timeline l mt cch tin dng
nhn thy "bc tranh tng th" ca k hoch. Trong chng 6, bn ty chnh mt khung nhn
Timeline v iu chnh s hin th trc quan ca mt s nhim v, chng hn nh chuyn i
s hin th ca mt nhim v t dng thanh bar sang dng nh mt mu ch thch-Callout. Bn c
th thy rng cc nh dng mc nh v vn bn ca khung nhn Timeline p ng cc nhu cu
ca bn, nhng bn cng c th ty chnh hnh dng ca chng. Cng nh vi cc khung nhn biu
Gantt, bn c th nh dng cho tt c nhm mc (v d, tt c cc ngy ct mc) vi cc phong
cch vn bn hoc p dng trc tip nh dng ti mt mc c th m bn chn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thy rng i ng lm vic trong
d n cun sch nu n c sn ca tr em rt thch khung nhn Timeline. V mt s trong nhng
ngi ny ni rng cc gi tr ca ngy ct mt l qu nh ( khng ni bt), v vy bn s lm
cho chng ni bt hn. Ngoi ra bn cng s p dng cc thay i v nh dng khc trong khung
nhn Timeline.
Trong v d ny, bn s nh dng vn bn v cc yu t ca thanh bar nhim v trong
khung nhn Timeline.
Bc 1: Trong tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View, tch chn vo hp kim c nhn
Timeline.
Project s hin th khung nhn Timeline. Khung nhn Timleline ny c a vo mt
s nhim v trong k hoch bng cch s dng hp thoi Add Tasks to Timline.
Bc 2: Kch vo bt c ni no thuc khung nhn Timeline v sau kch vo tab Format.
Chng XVI
256

Vic t s tp trung vo khung nhn Timeline khin cc lnh trong tab Format thay i.
Nh rng tab Format l tab ng cnh, cc iu chnh (lnh) ca n da trn ci g ang c la
chn.
u tin, bn s iu chnh s nh dng ca ton b cc nhm gi tr vn bn-Text xut
hin trong khung nhn Timeline.
Bc 3: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Text, kch Text Styles.
Hp thoi Text Styles xut hin. Vi hp thoi ny, bn c th thay i nh dng ca tt
c cc loi thng tin c th c trong khung nhn.
Bc 4: Trong hp chn c nhn Item to Change, chn Milestone Date.
Bc 5: Trong hp chn c nhn Font style, chn Bold.
Bc 6: Bm nt OK.
Project p dng s thay i v phong cch vn bn ny ti tt c cc ngy ct mc c trong
khung nhn Timeline.
Tip theo, bn mun phn bit mt cch trc quan nhim v Design and Production trong
khung nhn Timeline. Bn s lm iu thng qua vic nh dng trc tip thay v l mt thay
i nh dng da trn phong cch nh bn lm cc bc trc.
Bc 7: Trong khung nhn Timeline, kch chn nhim v Design and Production.
Mt ng bao la chn xut hin quanh thanh bar ca nhim v ny, ch th rng n ang
c chn.
Bc 8: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Font, chn Italic.
Project s nghing nhn ca nhim v (tn ca nhim v) v cc ngy thuc n.
Chng XVI
257

Bc 9: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Font, kch vo biu tng mi tn cnh nt
lnh Background Color ( n trong ging nh mt ci thng sn ang ) v sau bn di
nhn Standard Colors, kch mu vng-Yellow.
Project s thay i mu sc thanh bar ca nhim v ny sang mu vng.
By gi bn p dng c nh dng m bn mong mun, tip theo bn s tm thi n

khung nhn Timeline i.
Bc 10: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View, g b tch chn khi hp kim c
nhn Timeline.
Project s n khung nhn Timeline ( Cc thng tin trong khung nhn ny khng mt i m
lc ny chng ch n i).
Bi v khung nhn Timeline l khung nhn n gin nht so vi hu ht cc khung nhn
khc trong Project nn n cc ty chn v nh dng t nht.
16.3. nh dng khung nhn Network Diagram

Trong qun l d n truyn thng, mt Network Diagram-biu mng li l mt cch
thc tiu chun ca s trnh by cc hot ng ca d n v cc mi quan h ca chng. Cc nhim
v c th hin l cc hp, hoc l cc nt, v cc mi quan h gia cc nhim v c v l cc
ng thng kt ni cc nt. Khng ging nh biu Gantt, khung nhn thi gian biu, Network
Diagram cho php bn xem cc hot ng ca d n trong mt cch cht ch hn, tng ng vi
nh dng s khi-flowchart. iu ny rt hu ch nu bn mun t s tp trung hn na vo
cc mi quan h gia cc hot ng thay v quan tm n thi hn thc hin v trnh t ca chng.
Ging nh cc khung nhn biu Gantt, Project cung cp cc ty chn nh dng phong
ph cho khung nhn Network Diagram. V d, bn c th thay i b tr tng th ca khung nhn
Network Diagram nhm cc nt theo giai on thi gian. Trong phn ny, bn s ty bin cc
thng tin xut hin trong cc nt v hnh dng ca nt. Nu bn l mt ngi s dng biu
mng li nhiu, bn s mun khm ph cc ty chn v nh dng mt cch chi tit hn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thy khung nhn Network
Diagram gip i ng thc hin d n tp trung vo cc mi quan h v nhim v hn l trnh t
ca cc nhim v. Bn quyt nh iu chnh s nh dng ca khung nhn Network Diagram.
Trong v d ny, bn thay i loi thng tin s xut hin trong cc hp i din cho nhim
v v hnh dng ca chng trong khung nhn Network Diagram.
Bc 1: Trong ct Task Name, kch chn tn ca nhim v 7, Copyedit.
Khi bn chuyn sang khung nhn Network Diagram, bn s thy nhim v 7 hin th bn
phi mn hnh ca bn.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch Network Diagram.
Khung nhn Network Diagram xut hin. Trong khung nhn ny, mi nhim v c i
din bi mt ci hp hoc nt, v mi nt cha ng mt s thng tin ( hoc trng d liu) v
nhim v.
Chng XVI
258
Cc nt c cha du gch cho ( X) trong n th hin cc nhim v hon thnh. Cc nt

c hnh dng l hnh bnh hnh i din cho cc nhim v khi qut.
Trong v d ny, bn mun thay th cc gi tr ID ca nhim v ID bng m Work
Breakdown Structure (Cu trc phn chia cng vic-WBS). Khng ging nh s ID ca nhim v,
m WBS ch ra v tr ca mi nhim v trong h thng phn cp ca k hoch.
Bc 3: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Format, kch Box Styles.
Nh rng cc lnh trong tab Format thay i da trn loi ca khung nhn hin ang c
m ra ( kch hot); tab Format l mt tab ng cnh.
Hp thoi Box Styles xut hin.
Trong danh sch chn trong hp chn bn di nhn Style Setting, bn c th nhn thy tt
c cc phong cch th hin cc hp (hoc nt) i din cho cc loi nhim v sn c c trong
Project.
Hin ti, khung nhn Network Diagram ang p dng mu tiu chun-Standard ti mt s
phong cch th hin cc hp (hoc nt), chng hn nh Crtitical (nhim v then cht). Trong bi
cnh ny, mu Standard quyt nh nhng trng d liu no s xut hin trong cc hp (nt)
Chng XVI
259

cng nh cch b tr ca chng (khng nn nhm ln vi cc tp tin mu). Tip theo, bn s to ra
mt bn sao ca mu ny ty chnh khng gy nh hng ti mu Standard ca Project.
Bc 4: Bm nt More Templates.
Hp thoi Date Templates xut hin.
Bc 5: Trong danh sch bn di nhn Templates in Network Diagram, chc chn rng
Standard ang c chn, v sau bm nt Copy.
Hp thoi Data Teplate Definition xut hin. Trong bn sao ca mu Standard ny, bn
s thay th gi tr ID trong gc trn cng bn phi ca nt bng gi tr theo m Work Breakdown
Structure (Cu trc phn chia cng vic-WBS).
Bc 6: Trong hp nhp c nhn Template name, g Standard with WBS.
Bc 7: Bn di nhn Choose cell(s), kch chn ID. y l trng d liu m bn s thay
th.
Bc 8: Kch vo biu tng u mi tn bn cnh ID v trong danh sch xut hin, chn
WBS.
Bc 9: Bm vo nt OK ng hp thoi Data Template Definition, v sau bm nt

Close ng hp thoi Data Templates.
Tip theo, bn s cp nht phong cch th hin ny ca hp ( hoc nt) cho mt vi loi
nhim v cng mt lc.
Bc 10: Trong hp thoi Box Styles, trong dch sch bn di nhn Style Settings for,
chn Critical, v trong khi ang nhn v gi phm Shift, kch Noncritial Milestore.
Bn loi nhim v trong danh sch c chn.
Bc 11: Trong hp chn c nhn Data template, chn Standard with WBS t danh sch
th xung.
Bc 12: Trong hp chn c nhn Shape, chn hnh di cng trong danh sch th xung.
Chng XVI
260
Bc 13: Bm vo nt OK ng hp thoi Bar Styles.

Project p dng phong cch th hin hp (hoc nt) c sa i ti hp ( hoc nt)
i din cho cc nhim v trong khung nhn Network Diagram.
By gi, i cc hp (hoc nt) c p dng phong cch sa i ny, gi tr WBS xut

hin gc trn bn phi thay v l cc gi tr ID ca nhim v v thay i hnh dng ca cc hp
( hoc nt) i din cho cc nhim v m bn chn cc bc trc.
Di y l mt s lnh thm v nh dng trong cc nhm lnh ca tab Format m bn
c th p dng cho khung nhn Network Diagram:
- Trong khung nhn Network Diagram, bn c th nh dng tt c cc hp (hoc nt) bi
lnh Box Styles, hoc bn c th nh dng ch vi hp (hoc nt) ang c chn bi lnh Box
trong nhm lnh Format. iu ny cng tng t nh cc lnh Bar Styles v Bar c sn trn tab
Format khi bn ang m mt khung nhn biu Gantt.
Chng XVI
261

- S dng lnh Layout trong nhm lnh Format kim sot cc mc, chng hn nh ton
b s b tr sp xp ca cc hp (hoc nt) theo giai on thi gian, chng hn nh theo tun hoc
theo thng.
- Hin th hoc n tn ca loi quan h gia cc nhim v bng cch tch chn hoc b tch
chn khi hp kim c nhn Link Labels trong nhm lnh Show/hide.
- S dng lnh Collapse Boxes trong nhm lnh Display nhanh chng thu nh khung
nhn Network Diagram nhn thy mng li nhiu hn.
16.4. nh dng khung nhn Calendar

Ging nh khung nhn Timeline, khung nhn Calendar cng l mt trong nhng khung
nhn gin n nht c sn trong Project mc d n cung cp kh nhiu ty chn nh dng. Khung
nhn ny c bit hu ch cho vic chia s thng tin v tin ti cc ti nguyn hoc cc bn lin
quan, l nhng ngi thch mt khung nhn dng lch bn truyn thng hn mt khung nhn
kiu chi tit ( chng hn nh khung nhn Gantt Chart). Nh cc khung nhn khc, Project cung
cp c s nh dng da trn phong cch ln trc tip cho khung nhn Calendar.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, mt s thnh vin trong i ng thc
hin d n ni vi bn rng h thch s gin n ca khung nhn Calendar. Tuy nhin, khung
nhn Calendar mc nh khng cha ng tt c nhng th m bn mun, v bn mun phn bit
trc quan (lm ni bt) cc nhim v thuc l trnh then cht vi cc nhim v khng thuc.
Trong v d ny, bn hin th cc nhim v khi qut v nh dng li cc nhim v then
cht trong khung nhn Calendar.
Bc 1: Trong tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch Calendar.
Khung nhn Calendar xut hin.
Khung nhn ny hin th mt vi tun cng mt lc, v n v cc thanh bar i din cho
nhim v ln nhng ngy m cc nhim v c ln tin . Nhng tun ang c hin th c
ch th bi cc hnh ch nht mu da cam t trc chng trong cc thng nm bn tri ca khung
nhn ny.
Khung nhn Calendar hin nay bao gm cc thanh bar ca nhim v tng qut ca d n
v cc nhim v con, nhng khng c cc thanh bar i din cho cc nhim v khi qut. Tip
theo, bn s hin th chng.
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Bc 2: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Format, kch Bar Styles.
Hp thoi Bar Styles xut hin.
Bc 3: Trong danh sch thuc hp chn c nhn Task type, chn Summary.
Bc 4: Trong hp chn c nhn Bar type, chn Line t danh sch th xung.
Bn s thy cc nhim v khi qut c hin th l cc ng thng trong khung nhn
Calendar, nhng hin gi bn ang trong hp thoi Bar Styles nn tip theo bn s thay i s
nh dng ca cc thanh bar i din cho cc nhim v then cht. Hin nay, khung nhn Calendar
nh dng cc thanh bar ca nhim v then cht v khng then cht l ging nhau nn bn s thay
i iu ny.
Bc 5: Trong danh sch thuc hp chn c nhn Task type, chn Critical.
Bc 6: Trong hp chn c nhn Color, bn di nhn Standard Colors, chn Red.
Bc 7: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Bar Styles.

Project p dng cc ty chn v nh dng m bn va chnh sa ti khung nhn Calendar.
Cc on thng i din cho cc nhim v khi qut xut hin bn di cc thanh bar ca cc
nhim v con. Tip theo, bn s iu chnh s b tr ca cc on thng i din cho cc nhim v
khi qut n xut hin bn trn cc thanh bar ca nhim v con.
Bc 8: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Layout, kch Layout Now.
Project cp nht khung nhn Calendar cc thanh bar ca cc nhim v con xut hin
bn di cc on thng i din cho cc nhim v khi qut ca chng.
Lu ti cc biu tng u mi tn chi xung xut hin bn cnh rt nhiu ngy
Chng ch ra rng mt s thanh bar nhim v khng th va vi vi chiu cao hin ti ca cc
hng i din cho cc tun. Tip theo bn s iu chnh vic ny.
Bc 9: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Layout, kch Adjust Week Height.
Project s iu chnh chiu cao ca cc hng i din cho cc tun hin th tt c cc
thanh bar c trong hng.
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Cng nh cc khung nhn khc m bn ty chnh trong chng ny, khung nhn
Calendar cng c thm cc ty chn v nh dng c sn trn tab Format.
16.5. Khung nhn in n v xut-exporting

Project cung cp cc tu chn tu chnh cho cc khung nhn in n ngoi nhng g m bn
bit trong chng 6. Bi v cc khung nhn, chng hn nh khung nhn Gantt Chart, thng
c chia s ti cc ti nguyn v cc bn lin quan khc ca d n, nn bn c th thy rng bn
cn phi b sung thm cc thng tin chi tit ti cc khung nhn khi bn in
Khi in cc khung nhn, bn c th chn mt lot cc ty chn. V d, bn c th ty chnh
tiu v chn trang in, ch r ci g s c in trong phn ch gii, v cng bao gm cc ty chn
c th nh cc ghi ch ca nhim v hoc ti nguyn.
Cc ty chn v vic in v b tr trang m bn c th iu chnh rt khc nhau, ty thuc
vo loi khung nhn hin ang c hin th. Cc khung nhn n gin, ging nh khung nhn
Resource Sheet, c t ty chn v in n v b tr trang hn cc khung nhn phc tp hn, ging
nh khung nhn Gantt Chart.
i khi, bn c th cn phi to ta mt bn chp cht lng cao ca mt khung nhn
xem trc tuyn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thng phi in khung nhn Gantt
Chart gi cho cc thnh vin trong i ng thc hin d n. Ngoi ra, mt s thnh vin trong
i yu cu cc bn chp v khung nhn Timeline l cc tp tin m h c th xem trn my tnh
ca h.
Trong v d ny, bn iu chnh cc thit lp trang v ch gii ca khung nhn Gantt Chart,
v bn ch r nhng ct no thuc bng c a khung nhn c in. Sau , bn to ra mt tp
tin PDF hoc XPS cho khung nhn Timeline.
di nt bm Gantt Chart v sau chn Gantt Chart.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, kch chn Weeks trong hp chn c nhn
Timescale.
Project s iu chnh thit lp zoom.
Chng XVI
264
Trong chng 6, bn nhn thy khung nhn Gantt Chart trong khung nhn trc khi in
Print Preview trong ca s Backstage. , bn iu chnh mt s ty chn v in, l in
trong mt phm vi ngy c th. Cn y, bn s khm ph thm mt s ty chn in n khc.
Bc 3: Trn tab File, kch Print.
Giao din Print xut hin trong ca s Backstage vi khung nhn Gantt Chart ang trong
khung nhn xem trc. Vi thit lp hin ti, khung nhn Gantt Chart ny s cn n hai trang
giy in n ra, ch ti nhn 1 of 2 pha cng nm bn tri khung nhn xem trc khi in.
Lu : Ty thuc vo loi my in c mc nh trong h iu hnh ca bn hoc bn chn
kh giy in khc ( c th l A4 hoc A3 hoc Letter) th nhng g bn bn thy trong khung nhn
xem trc khi in c th khc vi nhng hnh nh minh ha c trnh by trong phn ny.
Bc 4: Bn di khu vc c nhn Settings, kch Page Setup.
Hp thoi Page Setup xut hin. Tip theo bn s iu chnh cc thit lp ton b khung
nhn Gantt Chart s c in trong mt trang giy.
Bc 5: Chc chn rng tab Page ang hin th ( ang c chn), v bn di nhn
Scaling, kch Fit to v g hoc chn 1 trong hp chn ng trc nhn Page wide by v hp chn
trc nhn tall. Gi tr trong hp chn c nhn Page wide by xc nh khung nhn ang hin th s
c in tri rng theo phng ngang bao nhiu trang, cn gi tr trong hp chn c nhn tall xc
nh khung nhn s c in ti di theo phng dc bao nhiu trang.
Tip theo, bn s ty chnh nhng ci g s xut hin trong ch thch ca khung nhn
biu Gantt.
Bc 6: Trong hp thoi Page Setup, kch tab Legend.
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Bc 7: Trong tab Legend, kch vo tab Left nm bn di khu vc c nhn Preview.
y, bn c th nhn thy m ca cc vn bn v cc trng d liu xut hin trong phn
ch thch.
Project s in tiu ca d n v ngy thng hin ti ( l ngy thng hin ti trn my tnh
ca bn ti thi im bn thc hin nhng thao tc ny) pha bn tri ca phn ch thch. Ngoi
nhng th ny ny ra, bn cng mun in thm gi tr chi ph c tnh ca d n ny trong phn
ch thch.
Bc 8: Trong tab Left, kch chut vo v tr cui cng ca dng vn bn th hai v sau
nhn phm Enter.
Bc 9: G Type Cost: v nhn phm Space.
Bc 10: Trong hp chn c nhn Project fields, chn mc Cost t danh sch th xung
v sau bm phm Add k bn hp chn.
Project s thm m ca trng d liu chi ph Cost ti phn bn tri ca ch thch v gi
gi tr chi ph s xut hin trong khung nhn xem trc c nhn Preview bn trn.
kt thc vic ty chnh trong Page Setup, bn s ch r nhng ct no thuc bng trong
khung nhn Gantt Chart s c in.
Bc 11: Kch tab View.
Tch chn vo hp kim c nhn Print all sheet columns v sau bm nt OK ng
hp thoi Page Setup.
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Project p dng cc thay i m bn ch nh trong hp thoi Page Setup. c ci
nhn r hn, bn hy phng to phn ch thch ln.
Bc 13: Trong khung nhn xem trc khi in, kch vo gc di bn tri ca khung nhn.
Project phng to v tr ny ln.
Tip theo, bn s chuyn s tp trung t cc ty chn nh dng u ra sang cc loi tp

tin u ra. Hai nh dng tp tin ph bin ca u ra vic in l Portable Document Format (*.pdf)
v XML Paper Specification (*.XPS). PDF c sng to ra bi Adobe Acrobat. XPS l mt nh
dng c h tr bi Microsoft. C hai nh dng u cung cp mt s trnh by nhng ci g s
xut hin trong mt trang in trn my tnh phn gii cao. kt thc v d ny, bn s to
ra mt tp tin xut ra PDF hoc XPS ca khung nhn Timeline.
Bc 14: Kch vo nt Back thot khi ca s Backstage.
Bc 15: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View, tch chn vo hp kim c nhn
Timeline.
Project hin th li khung nhn Timeline m bn ty chnh trc trong chng ny.
Bc 16: Kch vo bt c ni no thuc khung nhn Timeline chuyn s tp trung vo
.
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267

Bc 17: Trn tab File, kch Export.
Giao din Export trong ca s Backstage cha ng cc ty chn chia s k hoch d
n. Lu ti nhng li gii thch v ti liu dng tp tin PDF v XPS xut hin bn phi ca
giao din.
Bc 18: Trong phn bn phi ca giao din, bm vo nt Create PDF/XPS.

Hp thoi Browse xut hin. S dng hp thoi ny t tn cho tp tin v xc nh th
mc cha ng tp tin c to ra.
Bc 19: Trong hp chn c nhn Save as type, chn PDF files hoc XPS files ( ty thuc
vo nh dng m bn cn xem) v sau nhn nt OK.
Hp thoi Document Export Options xut hin.
Bc 20: Bm vo nt OK s dng cc thit lp mc nh.
Proejct to ra tp tin PDF hoc XPS.
Chng XVI
268
nh dng bo co cao cp
Chng XVII
269

Chng ny tip tc tp trung vo cc tnh nng nh dng v ty bin cao cp c
gii thiu trong chng trc. V chng ny tp trung vo cc bo co.
Trong chng 6 bn c bit Microsoft Project 2013 thay th tnh nng bo co
dng bng c bng mt cch thc hon ton mi ca vic hnh dung d liu Proejct ca bn. Tnh
nng bo co mi l mt s kt hp nng ng ca cc bng biu, biu v cc ni dung vn
bn, v chng c tnh ty bin cao.
Lu : Nu bn ang tm kim thng tin v cc cc bo co trc quan-visual report, xem
trong chng 19.
bt u, chng ta hy so snh bo co v khung nhn. Bt c mt bo co hoc khung
nhn no u cng ch tp trung ti mt phn d liu ca k hoch. Tt c cc bn bo co v
khung nhn cha ng trong Project u c thit k gip bn hnh dung v mt s kha cnh
ca k hoch mt cch tt hn. Trong qu trnh thc hin d n, bn thng cn phi lm vic vi
rt nhiu bo co v khung nhn qun l cc kha cnh ca k hoch m c ngha quan trng
nht vi bn.
V d, nu d n ca bn ch yu b dn dt bi thi hn cht, bn s c c s hiu r
nht v k hoch ca bn bng cch lm vic vi cc khung nhn c thi gian biu nh cc khung
nhn biu Gantt, Timeline v khung nhn dng Usage v cc bo co nh Upcoming Tasks
(cc nhim v sp ti), Critical Tasks (cc nhim v quan trng), v Late Task (cc nhim v tr).
Tuy nhin, vn c cc s khc bit quan trng gia bo co v khung nhn. Trong sut
cun sch ny, bn lm vic trong cc khung nhn nhp v chnh sa d liu v tin
(chng hn nh tn cc nhim v v cc s phn cng ti nguyn) v xem cc chi tit v tin
(chng hn nh, nhng ti nguyn no c phn cng ti nhng nhim v no). Tuy nhin,
vi cc bo co th bn khng th trc tip thay i d liu ca k hoch ca bn. V d, bn khng
th thm hoc xo cc nhim v hoc thay i cc s phn cng v ti nguyn. Cc bo co ni
tri ch em li cho bn nhiu ty chn hn cho vic khm ph v chia s cc kha cnh quan
trng ca k hoch ca bn trong cc nh dng hp dn v th gic. Hn na, bn c th ty chnh
cc bo co chng ch bao gm cc thng tin m bn mun, v c trnh by theo cch bn
mun.
Lu : Project bao gm mt nhm cc cng c ch dn c thit k nh cc bo co.
Trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, kch vo Getting Stated v sau chn bo co
m bn mun. Bn cng c th tm thy thm cc thng tin v cc bo co trong s tr gip trc
tuyn ca Prorject. Kch vo nt Help ( Nt trng ging nh mt ci du hi) gc bn phi trn
cng ca ca s Project, v trong hp nhp Help Search, g Create a Prjoect report.
Cc bo co c th cha ng hai thnh phn chnh l: cc bng biu v cc biu . Ngoi
ra, cc bo co c th bao gm cc thnh phn khc nh cc hp vn bn, cc hnh nh v cc hnh
dng. Trong chng ny, bn s nh dng v ty chnh c hai thnh phn l bng v biu , v
to mt bo co ty chnh l mt s pha trn ca nhiu thnh phn.
17.1. nh dng cc bng trong bo co

Ging nh vi cc khung nhn, cc bng trong cc bo co s dng cc nhn ca trng
d liu trong Project l tiu ca cc ct v hin th cc gi tr ca trng d liu trong cc hng.
Cc nhn ca trng d liu (chng hn nh Duration) v gi tr (nh 20 days) cng chnh l cc
nhn v cc gi tr m bn nhn thy trong cc khung nhn v cc hp thoi c trong Project. Trong
thc t, rt nhiu cc bng cha ng trong cc bo co tng t nh cc bng c nhn thy
trong cc khung nhn, chng hn nh bng Entry.
Khi bn chn bt k mt bng no trong mt bo co, bng iu khin (panel) List Field
xut hin. Trong bng iu khin ny, bn kim sot nhng trng d liu no s c trong trong
bng ang c chn. Trong bng iu khin Field List, bn cng c th p dng b lc, s phn
nhm v s sp xp cho cc hng v cho cc trng d liu ca nhim v, thay i cc cp
cng ca nhng nhim v c hin th. Cc trng d liu trong Project c t chc thnh
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cc trng d liu ca nhim v v cc trng d liu ca ti nguyn. Bn s lm vic vi bng
iu khin Field List trong v d sau y.
Khi bn chn mt bng no trong mt bo co, ngoi bng iu khin Field List xut
hin, cn c hai tab ng cnh thuc nhn Table Tools l: Design v Layout cng xut hin trn
di ribbon.
- Tab Design: Cha ng cc lnh thm hoc g b hng tiu , thay i nh dng
ca bng, p dng cc phong cch bng (s phi mu), v p dng phong cch WordArt ti cc
vn bn c chn trong bng.
- Tab Layout: Cha cc lnh m bn s dng iu chnh chiu cao ca hng v b rng
ca ct thuc bng, iu chnh s cn l ca cc ni dung c trong cc ca bng, v thc hin
cc iu chnh khc v kch thc ca bng.
Ngoi ra, bt c khi no m bn xem mt bo co th tab ng cnh Design thuc nhn
Report Tools cng s xut hin. Bn s lm vic vi tab ny phn sau ca chng ny sau khi
bn to ra mt bo co ty chnh.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, i ng lm vic trong d n sch dy
nu c sn ca tr em cng nh cc nh ti tr ca d n rt thch kiu bo co Project Overview
(Tng quan v d n) do h c th nhanh chng xem c tnh trng ngn gn ca d n. Bi v
k hoch cun sch dy nu n bao gm mt ng c s nn bn mun a cc gi tr theo ng
c s v ngy hon thnh ca cc nhim ct mc sp ti vo bo co ny. Bn cng thch ci cch
hin th phn trm hon thnh ca thi hn thc hin (Duration) v thi gian lm vic (Work) bn
cnh nhau trong hp thoi Project Statistics, nn bn cng mun thm iu ny vo bo co.
Trong v d ny, bn s thay i ni dung v nh dng ca bng trong mt bo co.
Bn cn n tp tin Advanced Reporting_Start nm trong th mc tp tin
Practises/Chapter 17 i km theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Advanced Reporting _Start v lu n
thnh tp tin khc c tn l Advanced Reporting.
Bc 1: Trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, kch Dashboards v sau chn
Project Overview.
Project hin th bo co Project Overview.
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y l mt bn bo co tin dng truyn ti cc thng k quan trng ca mt k hoch.
bt u cc ty chnh ca bn ti bo co ny, bn s thm trng d liu Baseline Finish ti
bng Milestones Due.
Bc 2: Kch vo bt c ni no thuc bng Milestones Due nm gc tri bn di
bn bo co ny.
Project hin th bng iu khin Field List.
Lu : Nu bng iu khin Field List khng xut hin khi bn kch vo bng Milestores
Due, hy th nh sau. Trn tab Design thuc nhn Table Tools, trong nhm lnh Show/Hide, kch
Table Data. Lnh ny bt tt s hin th ca bng iu khin Field List.
Trong bng iu khin Field List, dnh cht t thi gian di chuyn qua ( dng thanh
cun ng) danh sch cc mc c trong hp c nhn Select Fields. Nh bn c th thy, cc trng
d liu ang c chn (c du tch trong vung trc n) l Name v Finish tng ng vi cc
trng d liu ang c trong bng Milestones Due (Tn ca cc trng d liu ang c tch
chn cng c lit k ngay bn di hp chn Select Fields). Ngoi ra, bng ny cn c p
dng b lc Upcoming Milestones (tn ca b lc ny c th c rt gn li l Upcoming)
trong hp chn c nhn Filter nm khu vc bn di ca bng iu khin Field List. Nu b lc
ny khng c p dng, bng ny s cha tn v ngy kt thc ca tt c cc nhim v c trong
k hoch. Tuy nhin, vi b lc ny c p dng th ch c nhng nhim v ct mc cha hon
thnh l c hin th. Lu rng cc ty chn v b lc, s phn nhm, cp hin th dng
cng v s sp xp c sn cho mt bng trong bo co cng tng t nh nhng ci m bn c
p dng cho mt khung nhn. Bi v bn d kin thm mt trng d liu (hoc l ct) vo bng
nn sau ny bn s cn phi thay i kch thc ca bng n va vn vi bo co ny. Tip
theo, bn s ch ti chiu rng hin ti ca bng.
Bc 3: Trn tab Layout di nhn Table Tools, trong nhm lnh Table Size, ch ti b
rng hin ti ca bng trong hp chn c nhn Width.
By gi bn sn sng thm trng d liu Baseline Finish ti bng. Bng iu khin
Field List t chc cc trng d liu ca Project theo mt h thng phn cp, v vy bn s lm
vic thng qua cc cu trc phn cp ny c c trng d liu m bn mun. Bi v trng
d liu Baseline Finish l mt trng d liu thuc ng c s c cha gi tr ngy thng nn
bn s tm kim trong mc Baseline.
Bc 4: Trong hp chn Select Fields, bn di mc Date, kch bo biu tng mi tn
expand/collapse bn cnh nhn Baseline bung ra danh sch cc trng d liu c trong Baseline.
Bc 5: Trong danh sch cc trng d liu ca Baseline, tch chn Baseline Finish.
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272

Project s thm trng d liu Baseline Finish ti bng.
Bi v b lc Upcoming Milestone ang c p dng ti bng ny nn ch c cc gi tr

Baseline Finish ca cc nhim v ct mc sp ti c hin th trong bng.
Vi vic ct Baseline Finish c thm ti bng khin n by gi qu rng, lan trn sang
c khu vc khc. Bn s gii quyt iu ny bc tip theo.
Bc 6: Trn tab Layout di nhn Table Tools, trong nhm lnh Table Size, bn trong
hp chn c nhn Width g hoc chn 11,13 v sau nhn phm Enter. (Lu s ny phi tng
ng vi gi tr m bn nhn thy bc 3).
Lu : Nu bn khng nhn thy s thay i v nh dng ca bn c p dng ngay lp
tc trong bo co, hy th iu ny: Kch chut vo nn (background) ca bo co ny hy
chn mt bng hoc mt biu ang c chn.
Project iu chnh kch thc ca ca bng cho gn ging vi chiu rng gc ban u ca
n.
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273

Lu : C nhng cch khc bn c th thay i b rng ca bng, l kch p vo
cc thanh ng ngn chia ct chng iu chnh b rng ct cho ph hp vi ni dung trong ct,
hoc kch v ko cc thanh ng nm bn phi ct sang bn tri.
By gi, bng ny cha ng cc trng d liu m bn mun, tip theo bn s p dng
mt phong cch bng mang ti cho n mt v ngoi khc.
Bc 7: Trn tab Design di nhn Table Tools, trong nhm lnh Table Styles, kch vo
nt More hin th b su tp cc phong cch ca bng.
More
Bc 8: Trong khu vc bn di nhn Medium, chn phong cch mu cam ( l phong cch
th 3 t tri sang, thuc hng u tin v khi bn di chuyn con tr chut ti th mt Tooltip xut
hin l Medium Style 1-Accent 2).
Project p dng phong cch ny cho bng.
Tip theo, bn s chuyn s ch ca bn vo hnh ch nht ln mu da cam c nhn

%Complete gc pha trn bn tri ca bo co. Thnh phn ny cng l mt bng, nhng n ch
cha ng mi mt ct, trng d liu phn trm hon thnh thi hn thc hin ca d n%Complete. Nh li rng cc trng d liu ca Project ch c cha ng trong cc bng, nn
vic s dng mt bng c duy nht mt ct ( l d liu m cha ng gi tr ca trng d
liu cng vi tn trng d liu lm nhn) l mt cch thc thng minh mang li s tp trung
v th gic n mt gi tr n l kiu nh % Complete.
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274

i vi bo co ny, bn mun hin th % Complete ( phn trm hon thnh thi hn thc
hin ca d n) v % Work Complete ( phn trm hon thnh thi gian lm vic ca d n) bn
cnh nhau. S khc bit gia hai gi tr ny khng d pht hin nhng rt quan trng:
- % Complete: Ton b phn thi hn thc hin c ln tin ca k hoch tri qua
cho n nay.
- % Work Complete: Tng s thi gian lm vic c ln tin ca k hoch c
hon thnh cho n nay.
Bc 9: Kch vo bt c ni u thuc bng % Complete.
Lu rng cc trng d liu, b lc v cp hin th dng cng ang c chn
trong bng iu khin Field List l rt khc so vi bng Milestones Due trc .
Bi v y l bng ch c mi mt ct, ch mi trng d liu % Complete ca nhim v

tng qut ca d n c hin th. Lu ti gi tr trong hp chn c nhn Outline Level trong
bng iu khin Field List: Project Summary (n c th c rt gn li l Project Sum ...).
Bc 10: Trong hp chn c nhn Select Fields, bn di mc Number, tch chn % Work
Complete.
Proejct thm trng d liu % Work Complete ti bng ny, mc d bn khng th nhn
thy n ngay by gi bi v cc vn bn-text trong bng ny c nh dng l mu trng (ging
nh mu nn-background ca bo co).
Tip theo, bn s thay i s nh dng v mu sc ca bng ny.

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Bc 11: Trn tab Design di nhn Table Tools, trong nhm lnh Table Styles, kch
Shading v sau trong hng trn cng bn di nhn Theme Colors chn mu cam ( khi bn di
chuyn con tr chut ti th Tooltip hin th l Orange-Accent 2).
Project p dng s ph y bng mu cam ti bng ny.
kt thc v d ny, bn s iu chnh li kch thc ca bng.

Bc 12: Kch v ko thanh chia ct bn phi ca bng sang bn tri cho n khi chiu
rng ca bng ny tng i bng vi chiu rng ca bng Milestores Due bn di.
Project iu chnh li kch thc ca bng.
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Phn ny gii thiu ti bn vic nh dng bng trong mt bo co. Trong phn tip
theo, bn s tp trung ti vic nh dng biu .
17.2. nh dng cc biu trong bo co

Cc bo co ca Project cung cp cho bn kh nng so snh bng biu ging nh trong
phn mm MS Excel. By gi, trong Project bn c th to ra mt lot cc loi biu : l
biu ct (Column chart), biu ng thng (Line chart), biu trn (Pie chart) v biu
thanh bar (Bar chart). Project cng c khung nhn Resource Graph (mt dng biu thanh bar
hin th s phn cng thi gian lm vic ca tng ti nguyn) cho mt s phin bn. Tuy nhin,
vi vic b sung thm cc biu trong bo co th bn c qu nhiu th lm vic.
Khi bn chn mt biu trong mt bo co, ngoi bng iu khin Field List xut hin,
hai tab ng cnh di nhn Chart Tools l Design v Format cng xut hin trn di ribbon. Lu
rng chng khc vi cc tab ng cnh xut hin khi mt bng c chn trong mt bo co.
- Tab Design: Cha ng cc lnh dng thay i b cc v phong cch ca biu , v
cc yu t nh nhn ca d liu.
- Tab Format: Cha ng cc lnh dng nh dng cc yu t ca biu chng hn
nh nhm d liu, thm v thit k cc hnh dng ha chng hn nh cc hp vn bn ti biu
, v p dng hiu ng WordArt ti vn bn c chn.
Ngoi ra, bt c khi no bn chn mt biu , ba lnh ni ng cnh xut hin.
Chart Elements
Chart Styles
Chart Fileters
- Chart Elements: Gip bn nhanh chng thm hoc bt cc yu t chng hn nh nhn

ca d liu.
- Chart Styles: Gip bn chuyn i biu ang c chn sang mt phong cch biu
khc ( s kt hp mu sc v s ph mu c bn) v thay i s xp xp v mu sc ca biu .
- Chart Filters: Bn c th thm hoc bt cc nhm (Series) d liu c th (tng ng vi
cc trng d liu ca Project) v cc mc (Categories) d liu (tng ng vi cc nhim v
hoc ti nguyn c th).
Ba lnh ni ny mang li cho bn s truy cp nhanh ti mt s tnh nng trn tab Design.
Bn s dng cc ty chn ca Filters Chart thm hoc loi b cc mc d liu (l cc nhim
v hoc ti nguyn c th) ra khi biu . Tnh nng ny c bit tin dng, v l mt trong nhng
th m bn s s dng trong v d sau y.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, i ng thc hin d n v ban gim c
thch kiu bo co Resource Overview (Tng th v ti nguyn) do s bo co ngn gn ca n v
thi gian lm vic thc t v cn li ca tng ti nguyn. Bn mun thay i mt s ni dung cha
ng trong bo co ny v thay i cch thc th hin ca chng.
Trong v d ny, bn thay i ni dung v nh dng ca cc biu trong mt bn bo
co.
Bc 1: Trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, kch Resources v sau chn
Resource Overview.
Project hin th bn bo co Resource Overview.
Chng XVII
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Bn bo co ny bao gm hai biu v mt bng. Ch rng c hai biu ny cha

ng c cc ti nguyn khng lm vic ( khng c gi tr thi gian lm vic hoc bng 0). Bn s
g b cc ti nguyn ny ra khi biu u tin.
Bc 2: Kch vo bt c ni no trong biu Resource Stats.
Project hin th ba lnh ni ng cnh cho biu ny cng vi bng iu khin Fields
List. Ngoi ra, cc tab theo ng cnh trong di ribbon cng c cp nht.
Bn s s dng lnh ni ng cnh Chart Filters loi b hai ti nguyn ra khi biu
ny.
Bc 3: Kch vo lnh ni ng cnh Chart Filters ngay bn phi ca biu Resource
Starts.
Project hin th mt danh sch c nhn l Values ca biu ny, n bao gm cc gi tr
Series ( l gi tr thc o) v Categories ( trong trng hp ny l cc ti nguyn m c gi tr
Series c s dng v trong biu ).
Bc 4: Bn di nhn Categories, g b tch chn khi hp kim c nhn Color Setting
Services v Printing Service v sau kch nt Apply.
Chng XVII
278

Project g b cc ti nguyn ny ra khi biu .
Bc 5: Kch vo lnh ni ng cnh Chart Fiters mt ln na ng danh sch Values.

Thm mt ng tc na ti biu ny thm mt bng d liu m phi by cc gi tr
v thi gian lm vic ca cc ti nguyn mt cch r rng hn.
Bc 6: Trn tab Design di nhn Chart Tools, trong nhm lnh Chart Layout, kch Add
Chart Element, kch Data Table v sau chn With Legend Keys.
Project thm bng d liu ny ngay di biu . Tip theo, bn s n ch gii ( khng
cn thit) nm bn di bng d liu.
Bc 7: Trn tab Design di nhn Chart Tools, trong nhm lnh Chart Layout, kch Add
Chart Element, kch Legend v sau chn None.
Tip theo, bn s s dng cc tnh nng trong bng iu khin Field List thay i th t
m tn ca cc ti nguyn xut hin ca trong biu Work Status. Khi bn lm nh vy, bn s
khm ph mt s thit lp khc trong ca s Field List.
Bc 8: Kch vo bt c ni no trong biu Work Status.
Bc 9: Trong bng iu khin Field List, kch vo hp chn c nhn Select Category.
Chng XVII
279
Trong ng cnh ny th Category ca mt biu c hiu l loi ca gi tr s c hin

th trong biu . i vi biu ny, loi ca gi tr c chn y l tn (Name) ca cc ti
nguyn, xut hin trn cc trc X ca biu .
Lu : Mc d loi ca gi tr l thi gian (Time) khng c p dng cho biu ny,
nhng n rt c bit nn cn c mt s li gii thch v n. Bn c th s dng loi ca gi tr l
Time hin th cc gi tr ( chng hn nh thi gian lm vic) theo thi gian. Khi bn s dng
loi ca gi tr l Time cho mt biu , mt lnh Edit xut hin bn cnh hp chn Select
Category. S dng lnh Edit ny iu chnh thi gian biu trong biu ca bn. Nu bn
mun thc hnh vi cc thit lp v loi ca gi tr l Time th bo co Milestone Report l v d
thch hp.
Bc 10: Kch vo chn Select Category mt ln na ng n.
Bn c th thy trong danh sch ca hp chn c nhn Select Fields rng % Work Complete
l trng d liu ca ti nguyn m Project s hin th cc gi tr cho tng Category (trong trng
hp ny, l tn ca ti nguyn). Nhng gi tr ny c vch ra trn trc Y ca biu , v cc gi
tr c th ca tng ti nguyn xut hin trn mi ct.
Bc 11: Kch vo hp chn c nhn Filter.
Chng XVII
280

B lc ny khng bao gm cc gi tr khc ngoi cc ti nguyn lm vic. Tip theo, bn
s iu chnh th t sp xp ca cc ti nguyn lm vic ny.
Bc 12: Trong hp chn c nhn Soft By, chn % Work Complete.
Project sp xp tn ca cc ti nguyn lm vic theo th t cc gi tr % Work Complete
tng dn t thp n cao. Tip theo bn s thay i sang th t ngc li.
Bc 13: Ngay bn phi ca hp chn Sort By, bm nt sp xp th t
Ascending/Descending.
Project sp xp li tn ca cc ti nguyn lm vic theo th t gim dn ca cc gi tr %
Work Complete.
kt thc v d ny, bn s hin th cc nhn d liu bn trn cc thanh bar trong biu
.
Bc 14: Trn tab Design di nhn Chart Tools, trong nhm lnh Chart Layout, kch
Add Chart Element, kch Data Labels v sau chn Outside End.
Project thm cc gi tr % Work Complete cho tng thanh bar ( l cc ti nguyn lm
vic) trong biu .
Chng XVII
281
17.3. To ra mt bn bo co ty chnh
Vi vic hon thnh cc v d cc phn trc, bn lm vic vi c hai thnh phn l
bng v biu s dng cc trng d liu ca nhim v v ti nguyn trong cc bo co.
Ngoi vic ty bin cc bo co c xy dng sn trong Project nh bn lm trong
hai v d trn trong chng ny, bn c th to ra cc bo co ty chnh. Cc bo co ty chnh c
th l s pha trn bt k no ca cc thnh phn ca bo co (biu v bng), cc hp vn
bn v cc ha m bn thch. Trong thc t, bn c th kt hp cc thng tin v nhim v v
ti nguyn vi nhau trong mt bn bo co duy nht truyn t nhng hiu bit m khng ni
no khc c th c trong Project.
Trong phn ny, bn s to ra mt bo co ty chnh cho d n cun sch nu n c sn
ca tr em. Khi to ra cc bo co ty chnh ca ring bn, bn c th tn hiu su v cc lnh c
trong tab Design di nhn Chart Tools. Bn s dng nhng lnh ny chn cc thnh phn ca
bng bo co m bn mun, p dng cc ch v kim sot cc ty chn v thit lp trang.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn i khi c yu cu cung cp cc
thng tin chi tit v chi ph ca c cc nhim v khi qut (hay giai on) ln cc ti nguyn. Bn
s to ra mt bo co ty chnh cha ng s pha trn cc thng tin chi ph m bn mun.
Trong v d ny, bn to mt bo co ty chnh m cha ng mt biu v mt bng.
Bc 1: Trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh View Reports, kch New Report.
Cc ty chn ny cho php bn bt u hoc l vi mt bn bo co trng trn (Blank)

hoc ban u c mt bng (Table) hoc mt biu (Chart). Ty chn Comparision ( so snh) to
ra mt bn bo co mi cha ng hai biu ging ht nhau, vi mong i rng bn s ty bin
mt trong hai hoc c hai.
Bc 2: Chn Blank.
Hp thoi Report Name xut hin. Tn m bn nhp y s l tiu nm trn cng
ca bo co v s xut hin trn danh sch th xung ca lnh Custom (trong nhm lnh View
Reports, trn tab Report) sau ny bn c th nhanh chng chuyn sang bo co ny.
Bc 3: Trong hp nhp c nhn Name, g Gourmet Cookbook Cost Summary v nhn
nt OK.
Project to ra mt bn bo co mi trng trn.
Chng XVII
282
Thnh phn u tin m bn s thm ti bo co ny l mt biu . Mt cch th v ca

vic th hin chi ph ca k hoch ny l mt biu trn (Pie Chart), mi giai on ca k hoch
(Acquisition, Editorial ) c i din l mt lt ct ( mt ming) ca biu trn. thm s
r rng v gi tr chi ph ca mi giai on, bn s dn nhn vi tn, chi ph v t l phn trm m
giai on chim trong tng chi ph ln tng lt ct i din trong biu trn. Vic ny mang
li cho bn mt ci nhn tt c trong mt c o v chi ph ca d n.
Bc 4: Trn tab Design di nhn Report Tools, trong nhm lnh Insert, kch Chart.
Hp thoi Insert Chart xut hin.
Hy dnh cht t thi gian lt qua cc loi biu c h tr.

Bc 5: Kch Pie v sau nhn nt OK.
Project thm mt biu trn mi ti bo co ny v hin th bng iu khin Field List.
Chng XVII
283
Biu trn mc nh mi ny khng cha ng cc gi tr m bn mun, v th bn s

thay i chng.
Bc 6: Trong bng iu khin Field List, trong hp chn Select Fields, kch vo biu
tng mi tn Expand/Collapse bn cnh mc Cost bung danh sch cc trng d liu thuc
mc Cost ra, v sau tch chn vo hp kim trc trng d liu Cost.
Tip theo, bn s g b cc trng d liu m bn khng mun n c trong biu ny.
Bc 7: Trong hp chn Select Fields, bn trong danh sch cc trng d liu ca mc
Work, g b du tch chn trong hp kim trc trng d liu Work.
By gi biu trn ny c p dng cc trng d liu ng vi yu cu ( l chi

ph-Cost), nhng khng phi cho cc nhim v khi qut cp cao nht i din cho cc giai on
ca k hoch. Bn s thay i iu bc tip theo.
Bc 8: Trong hp chn c nhn Filter, chn All Tasks.
Chng XVII
284

Bc 9: Trong hp chn c nhn Group By, chn No Group.
Bc 10: Trong hp chn c nhn Outline Level, chn Level 1.
By gi trong biu trn, mi lt ct i din cho mt giai on (cp hin th dng
cng l Level 1), v mi lt ct ny c kch thc tng ng vi t l phn trm m chi ph ca
giai on chim trong tng chi ph ca k hoch.
Tip theo, bn s thm cc nhn ca d liu ti cc lt ct.

Add Chart Element, kch Data Labels v sau chn More Data Labels Options.
Lu : Bn cng c th kch vo lnh ni ng cnh Chart Elements, kch vo Data Labels
v sau chn More Options.
Hp thoi Format Data Labels xut hin.
Bc 12: Trong hp chn Label Options, bn di nhn Label Contains tch chn vo hp
kim trc Category Name v Percentage.
Bc 13: Bn di nhn Label Position, chn Outside End.
Chng XVII
285

Tip theo, bn s n cc ch thch nm bn di biu bi v cc lt ct c nhn tn
ca chng ( gi tr Category Name).
Bc 14: ng bng iu khin Format Data Labels.
Add Chart Element, kch Legend v sau chn None.
Mn hnh hin th ca bn s trng tng t nh hnh nh minh ha di y.
Tip theo, bn s thm mt bng truyn ti cc gi tr v chi ph ca tng ti nguyn.

Bc 16: Kch vo bt c ni u bn ngoi biu g b vic tch chn n.
Bc 17: Trn tab Design di nhn Report Tools, trong nhm lnh Insert, kch Table.
Project thm mt bng ti bo co ny.
Bc 18: S dng chut ko ci bng xung nm bn pha di biu trn.
Chng XVII
286

By gi, bn s thay i cc trng d liu bn trong bng ny.
Bc 19: Trong bng iu khin Field List kch chn tab Resources.
Bng ny s cha ng cc trng d liu v ti nguyn.
Bng mc nh v ti nguyn cha ng mi tn ca cc ti nguyn trong ct u tin
bn tri bng, khng c cc gi tr v chi ph m bn mun. Bn s thm cc gi tr bc tip
theo.
Bc 20: Bn pha di hp chn Select Fields, kch chut phi vo Finish v trong menu
ng cnh hin ra, chn Remove Field.
Bc 21: Kch chut phi vo Start v trong menu ng cnh hin ra, chn Remove Field.
Lu rng khi bn thm hoc bt cc trng d liu trong bng iu khin Field List, bng
s c cp nht phn nh cc trng d liu c chn.
Bc 22: Trong hp chn c nhn Select Fields, kch vo nt Expand/Collapse trc mc
Cost bung danh sch cc trng d liu thuc Cost ra, v sau ln lt tch chn vo cc hp
kim trc cc trng d liu sau y theo th t:
- Actual Cost
- Remaining Cost
- Cost
L do m bn cn phi tch chn cc trng d liu theo th t ny l chng c thm

vo l cc ct t tri sang phi theo ng th t nh th. Bi v chi ph l tng cng ca chi ph
thc t (Actual Cost) v chi ph cn li ( Remaining Cost) nn th t sp xp nh trn l hp logic
nht khi n xut hin l ct ngoi cng bn phi.
Lu : Bn cng c th sp xp li cc trng d liu trong bng bng cch kch v ko
tn ca cc trng d liu xut hin bn di hp chn Select Fields theo th t m bn mun.
kt thc v d ny, bn s p dng mt phong cch bng.
Bc 23: Trn tab Design di nhn Table Tools, trong nhm lnh Table Styles, trong hp
chn cc phong cch bng, chn phong cch mu da cam ( nm v tr th ba t bn tri sang, khi
bn di chuyn con tr chut ti n th mt ToolTip xut hin l Medium Style 2-Accent 2).
Project p dng phong cch c chn ti bng ny.
Chng XVII
287
Nh vi tt c cc bo co c sn trong Project, cc gi tr ca trng d liu bn trong

bng bo co ty chnh s t ng c cp nht khi cc d liu c s ca chi ph v tin trong
k hoch thay i.
Lu : Bao co ty chnh ch c tr trong k hoch m trong chng c to ra v khng
c sn trong cc k hoch khc. to ra mt bn bo co ty chnh sn c trong bt k k hoch
no m bn vic vi chng trong Project, hy s dng lnh Organizer sao chp n vo
Global Template. bit thm thng tin v lnh Organizer, xem trong chng 18.
Chng XVII
288
Ty chnh MS Project
Chng XVIII
289

Chng ny m t mt s cch thc m bn c th ty chnh Microsoft Project 2013
ph hp vi s thch ca ring bn. Ging nh hu ht cc ng dng khc ca Microsoft Office,
Project s dng giao din ribbon, cha rt nhiu ty chn ty chnh. Proejct c cc tnh nng ty
chnh khc bit ch ring n, chng hn nh Organizer v mu ton cc. Ngoi ra, Project cng
c tnh nng ty bin tng t vi cc ng dng Microsoft Office khc, chng hn nh ghi li cc
macro VBA-(Visual Basic for Applications).
18.1. Chia s cc thnh phn ty chnh gia cc k hoch

Proejct s dng mt mu ton cc (Global Template), tn l Global.mpt, cung cp cc
khung nhn, bng biu, bo co v cc thnh phn mc nh khc m bn nhn thy trong Project.
Ngay ti thi im u tin khi bn hin th mt khung nhn, mt bng hoc mt yu t tng t
no khc trong mt k hoch, th cng l lc chng c t ng sao chp t mu ton cc ti
k hoch . Ri sau , chng c tr trong k hoch. Bt k s tu chnh no sau ny ln
khung nhn, hoc bo co trong k hoch (v d, s thay i cc trng d liu c hin th
trong mt bng) ch p dng cho k hoch ny m khng nh hng g n n mu ton cc. Cc
mu ton cc c ci t l mt phn ca Project, v thng th bn khng lm vic trc tip
vi n.
Ban u, cc nh ngha c th ca tt c cc khung nhn, bng biu, v cc yu t khc
c lit k v cha ng trong mu ton cc. V d, thc t l bng mc nh ca khung nhn
dng Usage cha ng mt nhm cc trng d liu c ch nh bi mu ton cc m cc bng
khc khng c. Sau y l danh sch cc thnh phn c cung cp bi mu ton cc:
- Cc khung nhn-View.
- Cc bo co-Report.
- Cc bng biu-Table.
- Cc b lc-Filter.
- Cc b lch-Calendar.
- Cc phn nhm-Group.
Ngoi ta, bn c th sao chp cc mo un ( cc macro VBA), nhp hoc xut cc nh x map v cc trng d liu ty chnh ti mu ton cc hoc gia cc k hoch.
Khi bn ty chnh mt thnh phn ging nh mt khung nhn, thnh phn b ty chnh
vn nm nguyn trong k hoch m trong n c ty chnh. Vi cc khung nhn v cc
bng biu, bn c ty chn cp nht phin bn ca thnh phn trong mu ton cc bng
khung nhn hoc bng biu ty chnh ca bn. Tuy nhin, nu bn to mt thnh phn mi,
chng hn nh mt khung nhn mi, thnh phn s c sao chp vo trong mu ton cc v
sau n s tr nn c sn trong tt c cc k hoch khc m bn c th lm vic vi chng trong
Project.
Tuy nhin, c mt ngoi l l lch. Khi bn to ra mt b lch ty chnh, n vn ch nm
nguyn trong ci k hoch m trong n c to ra. Mt b lch tiu chun c ty chnh
m p ng cc nhu cu ca bn trong mt k hoch c th nh ngha li cc thi gian lm vic
trong cc k hoch khc theo nhng cch m bn khng h c nh. V l do ny, Project c
mt tnh nng m bn c th s dng chia s cc b lch ty chnh (v cc thnh phn khc)
gia cc k hoch mt cch c kim sot. Tnh nng c l Organizer.
Danh sch y ca cc thnh phn m bn c th sao chp gia cc k hoch bng tnh
nng Organizer c lit k pha trn v c ch th bi cc ci tn ca cc tab trong hp
thoi Organizer m bn s nhanh chng thy chng sau y.
Bn c th s dng Project mt cch thoi mi v khng bao gi cn phi chm vo mu
ton cc. Tuy nhin, khi bn thc hin cc cng vic vi mu ton cc, bn thng phi thc hin
Chng XVIII
290

thng qua Organizer. Sau y l mt s hnh ng lin quan n mu ton cc m m bn c th
thc hin:
- To mt thnh phn ty chnh, chng hn nh mt b lch ty chnh, v lm cho n c
sn trong tt c cc k hoch m bn lm vic vi bng cch sao chp b lch ty chnh vo
mu ton cc.
- Thay th mt thnh phn b ty chnh, chng hn nh mt khung nhn hoc mt bng
biu, trong mt k hoch bng cch sao chp thnh phn nguyn gc ban u cha b sa i trong
mu ton cc ti k hoch m bn ty chnh yu t .
- Sao chp mt yu t c ty chnh, chng hn nh mt bo co, t mt k hoch ny
n mt k hoch khc.
Cc thit lp trong cc mu ton cc p dng cho tt c cc k hoch m bn lm vic vi
chng trong Project. Bi v chng ti khng mun bin i mu ton cc m bn ang s dng,
nn trong v d ny, chng ta s tp trung vo vic sao chp cc thnh phn b ty chnh gia hai
k hoch. Hy nh rng, qui trnh chung ca vic s dng Organizer c th hin y l nh
nhau cho d bn ang lm vic vi mu ton cc v mt k hoch hoc hai k hoch.
Quan trng: Trong hp thoi Organizer, khi bn c gng sao chp mt khung nhn hoc
mt bng biu hoc mt thnh phn no khc c ty chnh t mt k hoch vo trong mu
ton cc, Project thng bo cho bn v vic bn s ghi ln thnh phn trng tn vi n trong
mu ton cc. Nu bn chn ghi ln n, thnh phn c ty chnh (chng hn nh
mt khung nhn b ty chnh) s l sn c trong tt c k hoch mi to v bt k k hoch no
khc m khng cha ng thnh phn . Nu bn chn i tn ca thnh phn b ty chnh
, n tr nn sn c trong tt c cc k hoch nhng khng nh hng n cc thnh phn hin
c ang c lu tr trong mu ton cc. y thng l mt la chn tt mang li cho cc
thnh phn b ty chnh ca bn cc ci tn c bit, chng hn nh Custom Gantt Chart, m
bn vn c th gi c s nguyn vn ca cc thnh phn gc.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, trc bn to ra mt b lch p
dng cho mt nhim v trong mt k hoch nhim v ch c th lm vic trong mt s ngy
nht nh trong tun. Mt k hoch khc cng c cc nhim v tng t vi cc yu cu v lch
cng tng t. Bn mun s dng lch nhim v trong k hoch ny cho k hoch khc .
Trong v d ny, bn s s dng Organizer sao chp mt b lch ty chnh t mt k
hoch ny sang mt k hoch khc.
Bn cn n cc tp tin c trong th mc tp tin Practises/Chapter 18 i km theo cun
sch ny.
Bc 1: M tp tin Customizing B_Satrt v lu n li thnh tp tin khc c tn Customizing
B.
Bc 2: Tip theo, m tp tin Customizing A_Satrt v lu n li thnh tp tin khc c tn
Customizing A.
K hoch Customizing A cha ng mt b lch b ty chnh c tn l Monday-Wednesday
m bn to ra trong chng 8.
Bc 3: Cun thanh cun ng ca khung nhn Gantt Chart cho n khi nhim v 44,
Send to color house, hin th gn mp trn ca khung nhn v sau di chuyn con tr chut ti
biu tng lch nhim v trong ct Indicators.
Chng XVIII
291

Nhim v ny s dng lch ty chnh, v th n ch xy ra vo ngy th hai, th ba v th
t. Bn mun s dng b lch ny trong k hoch Customizing B.
Bc 4: Trn tab File ( v nu khung nhn Backstage ca tab Info khng hin th), kch
Info. Sau kch Organizer.
Hp thoi Organizer xut hin.
Bc 5: Kch vo mt s tab c trong hp thoi c mt ci nhn lt qua v cc loi
thnh phn m bn c th qun l vi hp thoi Organizer v sau kch vo tab Calendars.
Nh bn c th nhn thy, hu ht cc tab trong hp thoi Organizer u c mt cu trc

tng t nhau: cc thnh phn c trong mu ton cc xut hin hp chn bn tri ca hp thoi,
v cc thnh phn c s dng ti bt k thi im no trong k hoch ang c m ra ( v
d, cc khung nhn c hin th trong k hoch) xut hin trong hp chn bn phi.
Vic la chn mt thnh phn trong hp chn nm pha bn tri ca hp thoi v sau
nhn vo nt Copy s sao chp thnh phn vo k hoch c lit k nm pha bn phi.
Ngc li, vic chn mt thnh phn trong hp chn nm bn phi ca hp thoi v sau nhn
vo nt Copy s sao chp thnh phn vo tp tin c lit k bn tri ( theo mc nh l mu
ton cc).
Bc 6: Trong danh sch th xung ca hp chn c nhn Calender available in nm
bn tri ca hp thoi Organizer, chn Customizing B.
K hoch ny xut hin trong danh sch ca hp chn bi v n cng ang c m ra
trong Project.
Nh bn c th nhn thy, k hoch Customizing B ( nm bn tri) khng c lch ty

chnh Monday-Wednesday v k hoch Customizing A ( nm bn phi) c.
Bc 7: Trong danh sch cc b lch nm bn phi ca hp thoi, chn MondayWednesday. Ch ti biu tng hai u mi tn >> trong nt bm Copy i hng << khi bn
chn mt thnh phn nm phn bn phi ca hp chn.
Chng XVIII
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Bc 8: Bm vo nt Copy.
Project sao chp b lch ty chnh t k hoch Customizing A ti k hoch Customizing
B.
Bc 9: Bm nt Close ng hp thoi Organizer.

Lu : Trong v d ny bn s dng hp thoi Organizer sao chp mt b lch ty chnh
t mt k hoch ny ti k hoch khc. Nu bn mun lm cho mt b lich ty chnh tr nn c
sn trong tt cc k hoch, s dng hp thoi Organizer sao chp n ti mu ton cc
GLOBAL.MPT thay v l Customizing B ( chn bc 6).
kt thc v d ny, bn p dng b lch ty chnh ny ti mt nhim v k hoch
Customizing B.
Bc 10: Bm vo nt Back thot khi khung nhn Backstage.
Bc 11: Trong tab View, trong nhm lnh Window, kch Switch Windows v sau chn
2. Customizing B t danh sch th xung.
Project s chuyn sang k hoch Customizing B, l k hoch m bn va mi sao chp
b lch ty chnh ti.
Bc 12: Chn tn ca nhim v 19, Send to color house.
Lu rng nhim v mt ngy ny hin ang c ln tin xy ra vo mt ngy th
5.
Bc 13: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Information.
Hp thoi Task Information xut hin.
Bc 14: Kch vo tab Advanced.
Nh bn c th thy trong hp chn c nhn Calender, mc nh cho tt c cc nhim v
l None.
Bc 15: Trong hp chn c nhn Calender, chn Monday-Wednesday t danh sch cc
b lch c s sn c v bm vo nt OK ng hp thoi.
Chng XVIII
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Project p dng b lch Monday-Wednesday ti nhim v 19 v ln li tin nhim
v ny bt u vo th hai, ngy lm vic tip theo m nhim v c th xy ra. Mt biu tng
lch nhin v xut hin trong ct Indicator.
Bc 16: Di chuyn con tr chut ti biu tng lch nhim v.
ScreenTip ca ch th lch nhim v nhc nh bn rng nhim v ny ang c mt lch

nhim v p dng ti n. Lu rng lch Monday-Wednesday khng c sn trong k hoch ny
cho n khi bn sao chp n thng qua hp thoi Organizer.
Khi bn ty chnh cc khung nhn, bng biu v cc thnh phn khc, bn c th thy
Organizer l mt tnh nng hu ch i vi vic qun l cc thnh phn b ty chnh ca bn
v cc thnh phn c tch hp sn trong Project.
ng tp tin Customizing B.
18.2. Ghi li cc Macro

Rt nhiu cc hot ng m bn thc thi trong Project c th c lp i lp li nhiu ln.
tit kim thi gian, bn c th ghi li mt macro ghi li cc phm c bm v cc hot
ng ca chut ri sau pht li. Macro c ghi chp li trong Microsoft Visual Basic for
Applications (VBA), ngn ng lp trnh macro i km ca Microsoft Office. Bn c th lm nhng
iu phc tp vi VBA, nhng bn c th ghi v pht li cc Macro gin n m khng cn thy
hay lm vic trc tip vi b m ca VBA.
Theo mc nh, cc Macro do bn to ra c lu tr trong mu ton cc, v th chng
lun c sn cho bn bt c khi no Project hot ng. K hoch gc ban u m bn to ra
Macro khng cn phi m ra chy Macro trong cc k hoch khc. Bn cng c th s dng
Organizer sao chp cc macro gia cc k hoch. V d, bn c th s dng Organizer sao
chp module VBA (trong c cha Macro) t mu ton cc ti tp tin d n khc cung cp
n cho bn b.
Nhng loi hot ng lp i lp li no m bn c th mun ghi li trong mt Macro? y
l mt v d. To mt bn chp nhanh hnh nh ha ca mt khung nhn l mt cch tuyt vi
chia s cc thng tin chi tit ca d n vi nhng ngi khc. Tuy nhin, c kh nng rng cc
chi tit bn chp lc ban u s tr nn nhanh chng li thi khi k hoch c cp nht. Vic
c c cc bn chp c cp nht c th l mt hnh ng lp i lp li nhiu ln v l
tng cho vic t ng ha thng qua mt Macro. Khi hnh ng ny c t ng, bn c th
nhanh chng to ra mt bc chp hnh nh nhanh mi ( dng nh GIF) ca mt k hoch v lu
hnh nh GIF ny vo mt tp tin. T , bn c th nh km tp tin hnh nh GIF ny vo mt
email, hoc a n vo mt trang web, hoc chn n vo mt ti liu hoc chia s n bng nhng
cch khc.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thng xuyn phi to ra mt bn
chp nhanh hnh nh GIF ca mt k hoch chia s n cho i ng thc hin d n. Nn bn
mun t ng ha cng vic ny.
Trong v d ny, bn s ghi v chy mt Macro.
Chng XVIII
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Bc 1: Trn tab View ca k hoch Customizing A, trong nhm lnh Macros, kch vo
Macros v sau chn Record Macro t danh sch th xung.
Hp thoi Record Macrto xut hin.
Bc 2: Trong hp nhp c nhn Macro Name, g Capture_GIF_Image.
Lu : Tn ca Macro phi bt u bng mt ch ci v khng c cha cc khong trng
(nu g phm Space). ci thin kh nng c c ca cc ci tn Macro ca bn, bn c th
s dng du gch di ( _ ) v tr mun phn tch. V d, thay v t tn Macro l
CaptureGIFImage, bn c th t tn n l Capture_GIF_Image.
i vi Macro ny, chng ta s khng s dng phm tt. Khi ghi cc Macro khc m c s
dng cc phm tt, lu rng bn khng th s dng mt t hp gm phm Ctrl + mt phm no
m c dnh ring cho Project, do cc t hp phm nh Ctrl + F (phm tt cho lnh tm
kim Find) v Ctrl + G (Go To) l khng c php. Nu khng, khi bn ng hp thoi ny,
Project cnh bo cho bn bit rng bn cn phi chn mt t hp phm khc.
Bc 3: Trong hp chn c nhn Store Macro in, chn This Project lu tr Macro ny
trong k hoch ang c m ra.
Khi mt Macro c lu tr trong mt k hoch, Macro c th c s dng cho bt
k k hoch no khc khi k hoch m cha Macro ang m ra. Ty chn mc nh trong hp
chn ny,Global File, m ch n mu ton cc. Khi mt Macro c lu tr trong mu ton
cc, th Macro c th c s dng cho bt k k hoch no ti bt c lc no bi v mu ton
cc c m ra bt c khi no m Project hot ng. Trong v d ny, bi v chng ti khng
mun ty chnh mu ton cc ca bn, nn bn s lu tr Macro trong k hoch ang c m ra.
Bc 4: Trong hp nhp c nhn Discription, qut chn on vn bn ang cha trong
v thay th n bng on vn bn sau Saves a GIF image of Gantt Chart View.
on m t ny rt hu ch gip ch r cc hnh ng m Macro s thc hin.

Bc 5: Bm nt OK.
D n bt u ghi Macro mi. Project khng ghi v pht li ng mi chuyn ng chut
v thi gian tri i; n ch ghi cc kt qu ca vic bm phm v cc hnh ng (kch) ca chut
m bn thc hin. Bn khng cn phi vi vng hon thnh vic ghi li Macro.
Bc 6: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Task Views, kch vo biu tng mi tn trn nt
Gantt Chart v sau chn Gantt Chart.
Mc d k hoch ny ang th hin khung nhn Gantt Chart, nhng bn vn thc hin
bc ny nu nh lc ban u k hoch ang trong mt khung nhn khc th Marco s chuyn
n sang khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Bc 7: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, trong hp chn c nhn Timescale chn
Thirds of Months.
Chng XVIII
295

Project iu chnh thi gian biu hin th d n bao qut hn.
Bc 8: Kch vo tiu ct Task Name.

iu ny s chn tt c cc nhim v c sao chp.
Bc 9: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Clipboard, nhp vo biu tng mi tn bn cnh
Copy v sau chn Copy Picture.
Hp thoi Copy Picture xut hin.
Bc 10: Bn di nhn Render image, kch chn To GIF image file v sau bm nt
Browse.
Bc 11: Trong hp thoi Browse, dn ti th mc Chapter18 v sau bm nt OK.
Bc 12: Quay tr li hp thoi Browse, bn di nhn Copy, chn ty chn Selected
Rows
Bc 13: Bn di nhn Timescale, trong hp chn c nhn From, g hoc chn 06/4/15
v trong hp chn c nhn To, g hoc chn 04/12/15.
Phm vi ngy ny ph hp vi ngy bt u v kt thc hin ti ca k hoch. Bn c th
thy nhng ngy ny trn nhim v 0, nhim v tng qut ca d n.
Bc 14: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Copy Picture.

Project lu li hnh nh GIF.
Bc 15: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, kch vo Zoom v sau chn Zoom.
Bc 16: Trong hp thoi Zoom, bm nt Reset v sau bm nt OK.
By gi bn sn sng dng vic ghi li.
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Bc 17: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Macros, kch vo biu tng mi tn trong lnh
Macros v sau chn Stop Recording.
Tip theo, bn s chy Macro xem n pht li.
Bc 18: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Macros, kch Macro.
Hp thoi Macros xut hin.
Bc 19: Trong hp chn bn di nhn Macro name, chn Customizing

A.mpp!Capture_GIF_Image, v sau bm vo nt Run.
Macro bt u chy, nhng n dng li ngay khi Project to ra mt thng bo xc nhn v
vic thay th ( hay ghi ln-Overwrite) tp tin hnh nh GIF hin c (tp tin m bn to ra trong
khi ghi Macro).
Quan trng: Thit lp cp an ton Security-Level ca bn trong Project nh hng n
kh nng chy cc Macro m bn ghi li hoc nhn c t nhng ngi khc. Bn c th khng
trc tip thit lp cp an ton nhng n c th c thit lp khi bn ci t phn mm
Project.
Bc 20: Bm nt Overwrite ghi ln tp tin hnh nh GIF c to ra trc .
Macro s lu li hnh nh GIF. Tip theo, bn s xem kt qu ca cc hnh ng ca Macro
ny.
Bc 21: Trong my tnh ca bn, m tp tin hnh nh Customizing A.GIF trong th mc
Chapter 18 ra bng ng dng xem nh ca bn.
Hnh nh GIF xut hin trong ng dng xem nh ca bn c l cng gn ging th ny.
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297

Bc 22: ng ng dng xem nh ca bn v sau quay tr li k hoch Customizing A
ang c m ra trong phn mm Project.
Mt Macro ging nh vy c th rt hu ch nu bn cn phi ly li hnh nh chp nhanh
ca mt k hoch mt cch thng xuyn.
18.3. Chnh sa Macro

Mt khi bn ghi li c mt Macro, n c th lm vic hon ho nh khi bn ghi n
hoc n c th hng li t mt s iu chnh ti m ca n. Bng cch chnh sa m ca Macro,
bn c th cung cp cho Macro cc chc nng m bn khng th tm c khi ghi Macro, chng
hn nh vic vt b mt thng ip cnh bo. M ca mt Macro nm trong mt module VBA
nn bn phi lm vic vi m trong mi trng VBA, thng c gi l VBA Editor ( Trnh
son tho VBA).
Lu : Ngn ng VBA v VBA Editor c tiu chun ha trong nhiu ng dng ca
Microsoft Office, bao gm c Proejct. Mc d cc chi tit c th ca tng ng dng khc nhau,
nhng cch thc chung v vic s dng VBA trong tng ng dng l ging nhau. T ng ha
VBA l mt cng c mnh m m bn c th lm ch c n, v kin thc m bn c c c
th c s dng trong nhiu ng dng khc ca Microsoft.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn ghi li mt Macro tm ly mt
cng vic c lp i lp li nhiu ln. Macro Capture_GIF_Image c s dng v n c th
c ci tin thm. Hy nh rng khi bn chy n trong v d trc, bn phi xc nhn
Project ghi ln tp tin hnh nh GIF hin c. Bi v mc ch ca Macro ny l nm bt
c thng tin cp nht mi nht nn bn lun lun mun ghi ln thng tin c hn. Bn c th
trc tip thay i m ca Macro thc hin iu ny.
Trong v d ny, bn s lm vic trong VBA Editor tinh chnh v nng cao Macro m
bn ghi li trong v d trc v sau chy n.
Bc 1: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Macros, kch Macros.
Hp thoi Macros xut hin.
A.mpp!Capture_GIF_Image, v sau bm vo nt Edit.
Project ti module cha ng Macro ny trong VBA Editor.
Mt s gii thch y v ngn ng VBA l vt ra ngoi phm vi ca cun sch ny,

nhng chng ti c th hng dn bn thng qua mt s bc thay i hnh vi ca Macro
c ghi li trc . Bn cng c th nhn ra mt s hnh ng m bn ghi li trc bng
cc ci tn c s dng trong on m VBA.
Bc 3: Kch chut vo im bt u ca dng lnh ViewApplyEx Name: = "& Gantt
Chart", ApplyTo: = 0 v bm phm Enter.
Bc 4: Kch vo dng mi m bn va to ra, nhn phm Tab v g nh sau y:
Application.Alerts False
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Dng m ny s ngn chn s nhc nh m bn nhn c khi chy Macro v chp nhn
ty chn mc nh l thay th tp tin hnh nh GIF hin c bng tp tin mi trng tn.
Lu rng khi bn ang g, cc hp chn v cc ScreenTips c th cng xut hin. VBA

Editor s dng cc cng c v thng tin phn hi nh vy gip bn nhp vn bn trong module
c chnh xc hn.
Bc 5: Trong dng lnh m bt u vi cm t EditCopyPicture, chn on vn bn
"06/04/15 8:00 SA" ( bao gm c du ngoc kp) ng sau cm t FromDate:= v g nh
sau:
ActiveProject.ProjectStart
on m VBA ny miu t ngy bt u ca d n ang c m ra.
iu ny khin Macro ly c ngy bt u hin ti ca k hoch ang c m ra cho

hnh nh GIF m Macro to ra.
Bc 6: Cng trong dng , chn on vn bn "04/12/15 5:00 PM" ( bao gm c du
ngoc kp) ng sau cm t ToDate:= v g nh sau:
ActiveProject.ProjectFinish
iu ny khin Macro ly c ngy kt thc hin ti ca k hoch ang c m ra cho

hnh nh GIF m Macro to ra. By gi, nu ngy bt u hoc kt thc ca k hoch thay i,
phm vi ngy c s dng khi sao chp hnh nh GIF cng s thay i theo.
Tip theo, bn s mm cc kh nng mi khc cho Macro trong VBA Editor.
Bc 7: Kch vo im bt u ca dng lnh SelectTaskColumn, v sau nhn phm
Enter.
FilterApply Name:=Incomplete Tasks
Dng m ny s p dng b lc Incomplete Tasks ( cc nhim v cha hon thnh) ti

khung nhn hin ang m ra.
Chng XVIII
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Bc 9: Kch vo im bt u ca dng lnh ZoomTimescale Reset:=True, v sau
nhn phm Enter.
FilterClear
Dng m ny s g b b lc Incomplete Task ra khi khung nhn hin ang m ra.
Bc 11: Kch vo trnh n File trn menu chnh ca ca s VBA Editor, kch Close and
Return to Microsoft Project.
Ca s VBA Editor ng li v bn quay tr li k hoch.
By gi, bn c th chy Macro c cp nht, nhng vic u tin l bn s ghi li mt
s tin trin trn cc nhim v. Bng cch , bn s thy Macro s lc cc nhim v c tin trin
mi nh th no v iu chnh nhng ci g s c th hin trong hnh nh GIF.
Bc 12: Kch chn vo tn ca nhim v 31, Proofread and index.
Bc 13: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Schedule, kch vo biu tng u mi tn trong
lnh Mark on Track v sau chn Update Tasks.
Hp thoi Mark on Track xut hin.
Bc 14: Trong hp nhp c nhn Actual dur, g hoc chn 16d v sau bm nt OK.
Tip theo, bn s ghi li s tin trin trn mt nhim v khc.
Bc 15: Kch chn vo tn ca nhim v 32, Incorporate 1st Pages review.
Bc 16: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Schedule, kch vo biu tng u mi tn trong
lnh Mark on Track v sau chn Update Tasks.
Bc 17: Trong hp nhp c nhn Actual dur, g hoc chn 5d v sau bm nt OK.
By gi, bn sn sng quay tr li vi Macro.

Bc 18: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Macros, kch Macros.
A.mpp!Capture_GIF_Image, v sau bm vo nt Run.
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300

Macro chy v ti thi im ny bn khng b nhc nh ghi ln cc tp tin c
lu trc nh khi bn trong v d trc. kim tra rng Macro chy chnh xc, bn s
xem hnh nh GIF c cp nht bng ng dng xem hnh nh ca bn.
Bc 20: Trong my tnh ca bn, m tp tin hnh nh Customizing A.GIF trong th mc
Chapter 19 ra.
Hnh nh GIF xut hin trong ng dng xem nh ca bn c l cng gn ging th ny.
Hnh nh chp nhanh cp nht bao gm c ngy kt thc c cp nht ca d n v ch

hin th nhng nhim v cha hon thnh v Macro p dng b lc Incomplete Tasks. (Lu
rng nhim v 31, by gi hon thnh nn khng xut hin.) By gi bn c th chy Macro
mt cch thng xuyn nht khi cn nm bt cc thng tin cp nht mi nht.
Bc 21: ng ng dng xem hnh nh ca bn v sau quay tr li k hoch
Customizing A trong Project.
Sau y l nhng lu thm khi lm vic vi cc Macro VBA trong Project.
- VBA l mt ngn ng lp trnh phong ph v tuyt vi. Nu bn mun c mt ci nhn
su hn v VBA trong Project, hy lm nh sau: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Macros, kch
vo biu tng mi tn bn trong nt Macros, v sau chn Visual Basic. Trong ca s Microsoft
Visual Basic for Applications (VBA Editor), trong trnh n Help trn menu chnh, chn
Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications Help.
- Trong khi lm vic vi mt module, bn c th nhn c s gip v cc mc c th
nh cc i tng, cc thuc tnh v cc phng thc. Kch vo mt t, v sau nhn phm F1.
- ng VBA Editor v quay tr li Project, trn menu File, chn Close and Return
Microsoft Project.
18.4. Ty chnh giao din ribbon v cng c Quick Access Toolbar

Nh vi cc ng dng MS Office khc, bn c nhiu la chn lin quan n cch thc lm
vic vi Project. Mt s thit lp v ty bin nh sau y:
- Thm cc lnh s dng thng xuyn ln Quick Access Toolbar ( Thanh cng c truy cp
nhanh).
- Ty chnh mt tab hin c trn giao din ribbon hoc to ra mt tab mi cha ng bt
c lnh no m bn mun.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn mun Macro m c ty chnh
v d trc c th c truy cp thng qua mt tab ty chnh.
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Trong v d ny, bn thm mt lnh ti Quick Access Toolbar v to ra mt tab ty chnh.
Bc 1: Trn tab File, kch Options.
Bc 2: Trong hp thoi Project Options, chn tab Quick Access Toolbar.
Lu : Bn cng c th kch vo biu tng mi tn hng xung nm cnh bn phi
ca Quick Access Toolbar v sau chn More Commands.
Bc 3: Trn phn bn tri ca hp thoi, trong hp chn c nhn Choose commands from,
chn Commands Not in the Ribbon.
Project hin th danh sch cc lnh m hin nay khng th truy cp c t giao din
ribbon. Mt mt cht thi gian tm kim cc lnh m bn c th mun truy cp nhanh n trong
danh sch ny.
Bc 4: Trong danh sch cc lnh ( nm trong hp chn ln hn pha bn tri ca hp
thoi) chn Go To v sau bm nt Add.
Project s thm lnh Go To ti hp chn ln nm pha bn phi ca hp thoi.
Lnh Go To l mt cch tin dng tm n v tr ca mt s ID nhim v c th v cun

khung nhn Gantt Chart ti nhim v , gp c hai thao tc trong mt lnh.
Bc 5: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Project Options.
Project thm lnh GoTo ti Quick Access Toolbar.
By gi hy th lnh GoTo bng cch thc hin cc bc sau y:

Bc 6: Trn Quick Access Toolbar, nhn Go To.
Bc 7: Trong hp thoi Go To, g 43 trong hp nhp c nhn ID v sau bm nt OK.
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Lu : Trong hp thoi Go To, bn cng c th nhp mt gi tr ngy trong hp nhp c
nhn Date cun khung nhn Gantt Chart ti mt ngy c th.
Project nhy ti nhim v 43 v cun phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart hin
th thanh bar Gantt ca n.
Nu bn mun g b lnh khi Quick Access Toolbar, hon thnh nhng bc sau y.
Bc 8: Trn Quick Access Toolbar kch chut phi vo nt Go To v trn menu ng cnh
xut hin chn Remove from Quick Access Toolbar.
Lu : Bn c th nhanh chng thm bt k lnh no trong giao din Ribbon ti Quick
Access Toolbar. Kch chut phi ln lnh v trong menu ng cnh hin ra, chn Add to Quick
Access Toolbar.
kt thc v d ny, bn s to ra mt tab ty chnh v thm ti tab mt lnh dng
chy Macro Capture_GIF_Image.
Bc 9: Trn tab File, kch Options.
Bc 10: Trong hp thoi Project Options, kch vo tab Customize Ribbon.
Project hin th cc ty chn cho vic ty chinh giao din Ribbon.
y, bn c th nhn c quyn truy cp ti cc lnh v cc tnh nng c cung cp

bi Project.
Bc 11: Trong hp chn ln nm bn phi ca hp thoi, chn mc View (nhng khng
b du tch khi hp kim ca n) v sau bm vo nt New Tab.
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303

Project to ra mt tab mi cng vi nhm lnh mi thuc n bn di (trn giao din
ribbon tab mi ny s nm bn phi) tab View.
Bc 12: Trong hp chn ln nm bn phi ca hp thoi, chn mc New Tab (Custom),

lu l khng b du tch khi hp kim ca n v sau bm vo nt Rename.
Hp thoi Rename xut hin.
Bc 13: Trong hp nhp c nhn Display name, g My Tab v sau bm nt OK.
Bc 14: Kch chn mc New Group (Custom) v sau nhn nt Rename.
Bc 15: Trong hp nhp c nhn Display name, g My Command v sau bm nt OK.
By gi, bn sn sng thm Macro c ty chnh ti tab mi ny.
Bc 16: Trn phn bn tri ca hp thoi, trong hp chn c nhn Choose commands
from, chn Macro.
Tn ca Macro ty chnh xut hin.
Bc 17: Chn tn ca Macro Customizing A.mpp!Capture_GIF_Image v sau nhn
nt Add.
Project thm mc Macro ny ti nhm lnh ty chnh thuc tab mi ca bn.
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Tip theo, bn s thay i tn ca lnh gi Macro v gn cho n mt biu tng-Icon.

Bc 18: Trong hp chn ln nm bn phi ca hp thoi, chn mc Macro Customizing
A.mpp!Capture_GIF_Image v sau bm vo nt Rename.
Bc 19: Trong hp nhp c nhn Display name, g Copy GIF v trong hp chn c nhn
Symbol la chn biu tng bc nh ( l biu tng th 6 tnh t tri sang ca hng th hai).
Bc 20: Bm vo nt OK ng hp thoi Rename v sau nhn tip nt OK ng

li hp thoi Project Options.
Project thm tab mi c ty chnh ti giao din ribbon.
Bc 21: Kch tab My Tab.
Bc 22: Trn tab My Tab, trong nhm lnh My Command, kch Copy GIF.
Project chy Macro. Nu bn mun, tm n th mc Chapter 19 xem hnh nh GIF.
kt thc bn s g b tab mi ny ra khi giao din Ribbon.
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Bc 23: Kch chut phi ln tab My Tab v trong menu ng cnh xut hin, chn
Customize the Ribbon.
Bc 24: Trong hp chn ln nm bn phi ca hp thoi, kch chut phi ln mc My
Tab (Custom) v trong menu ng cnh xut hin, chn Remove.
Lu : Bn cng c th bm vo nt Reset xa b ton b cc ty chnh ti giao din
Ribbon v Quick Access Toolbar m bn thc hin.
Bc 25: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Project Options.
Projec g b tab mi thm vo.
Chng XVIII
306
Chi s thng tin vi cc phn mm,

ng dng khc
Chng XIX
307

Trong chng ny, bn tp trung vo cc cch khc nhau c c d liu vo v ra khi
Microsoft Project 2013. Ngoi tnh nng sao chp (copy) v dn (paste) ca Windows m bn c
th quen thuc, Project h tr mt lot cc la chn cho vic nhp v xut d liu.
Trong sut chng ny, bn s thy nhng dng sau y:
- Chng trnh ngun (Source program) l chng trnh hoc ng dng m bn sao chp
cc thng tin t n.
- Chng trnh ich ( Destination program) l chng trnh hoc ng dng m bn dn
thng tin vo n.
19.1. Sao chp d liu Project ti cc chng trnh khc

Proejct h tr vic sao chp thng tin ra bn ngoi v dn thng tin bn ngoi vo trong
Project. Tuy nhin, do thng tin ca Project c cu trc cao nn c mt s iu cn phi lu
.
Khi sao chp d liu t Project vo cc ng dng khc, bn c mt s ty chn cho cc
kt qu m bn nhn c:
- Bn c th sao chp cc thng tin (chng hn nh nhng ci tn v cc ngy thng ca
nhim v) t mt bng trong Project v dn n l d liu c cu trc theo dng bng trong cc
ng dng bng tnh ging nh Microsoft Excel, hoc nh l mt bng trong cc ng dng x l
vn bn c h tr bng biu nh Microsoft Word. Trong hu ht cc trng hp, cc tiu ct
ca bng d liu m bn sao chp cng s c dn v h thng phn cp nhim v khi qut/nhim
v con (Summary/subtask) s c biu th bng cch cc nhim con b tht vo
- Bn c th sao chp vn bn (Text) t mt bng trong Project v dn n nh l vn bn
b phn cch bi khong cch tab (Tab-delimited) -trong cc ng dng son tho vn bn khng
h tr bng, ging nh WordPad hoc Notepad.
- Khi dn cc thng tin t Project vo mt ng dng gi th in t-email nh Microsoft
Outlook, c th bn s nhn c kt qu dng bng nu ng dng email ca bn h tr nh dng
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML).
- Bn c th to ra mt bn chp nhanh hnh nh ha ca khung nhn hin ang c
m ra v dn hnh nh ny vo trong bt k ng dng no h tr hnh nh ha. Bn lm vic
vi tnh nng Copy Picture ( thuc tab Task) trong Chng 6.
Lu : Rt nhiu chng trnh, ng dng chng hn nh Word, Excel, PowerPoint v
AutoCad c tnh nng Paste Special. Tnh nng ny cung cp cho bn nhiu la chn hn
dn d liu t Project vo chng trnh ch. V d, bn c th s dng tnh nng Paste Special
trong Word dn vn bn c nh dng hoc khng c nh dng, hoc mt hnh nh hoc
mt Microsoft Project Document Object (i tng OLE). Bn cng c th chn ch dn mi
d liu hoc dn n vi mt lin kt ( ng link) ti d liu ngun trong Project. Khi dn vi
mt lin kt, d liu ch c th c cp nht bt c khi no m d liu ngun trong Project
b thay i.
Ngoi ra, bn cng c nhiu la chn khi dn d liu t cc chng trnh khc vo trong
Project.
- Bn c th dn vn bn (chng hn nh mt danh sch tn cc nhim v hoc ti nguyn)
vo mt bng trong Project. V d, bn c th dn mt lot cc d liu t Excel hoc mt nhm
cc on vn bn t Word vo Project. C th, bn c th dn mt lot tn ca cc nhim v m
c t chc trong mt ct trong Excel hoc Word vo ct Task Name trong Proejct.
- Bn c th dn mt hnh nh ha hoc mt i tng OLE t mt chng trnh khc
vo phn biu ca mt khung nhn Gantt Chart. Bn cng c th dn mt hnh nh ha hoc
mt i tng OLE vo ghi ch ca nhim v, ti nguyn hoc s phn cng v vo mt khung
nhn dng Form nh khung nhn Task Form hoc Resource Form.
Chng XIX
308

Lu : Vic dn vn bn c nhiu ct vo Project i hi phi c mt s k hoch. Trc
tin, hy chc chn rng th t ca cc thng tin trong cc chng trnh ngun ph hp vi th t
ca cc ct ca bng trong Project. Bn c th sp xp li cc d liu trong chng trnh ngun
ph hp vi th t cc ct ca bng trong Project hoc ngc li. Th hai, hy chc chn rng
cc ct trong chng trnh ngun h tr cng loi d liu (vn bn, s, ngy thng, vv) vi cc ct
tng ng vi chng trong Project.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn s dng tnh nng Copy Picture
trong Project to ra cc bc chp nhanh ca cc chi tit tin m sau bn c th chi s vi
nhng ngi khc. Tuy nhin, hnh nh ha kt qu ny khng cho php chnh sa ni dung
nguyn bn ca n. Bn mun chia s ni dung nguyn bn, chng hn nh danh sch cc nhim
v hoc ti nguyn, t Project ti cc ng dng Office khc.
Trong v d ny, bn s sao chp d liu dng bng t Project v dn n vo Excel v
Word.
Bn cn n tp tin Sharing_Start nm trong th mc tp tin Practises/Chapter 19 i km
theo cun sch ny. M tp tin Sharing_Start v lu n thnh tp tin khc c tn l Sharing.
bt u, bn s sao chp tn, thi hn thc hin, ngy bt u v kt thc ca mt s
nhim v t Project ti Word.
Bc 1: Trong bng Entry nm phn bn tri ca khung nhn Gantt Chart, la chn t
tn ca nhim v 5, Editorial, ko n ngy kt thc ca nhim v 13, Wed 23/9/15.
Lu : Mt cch nhanh chng v d dng chn la phm vi ny l kch vo tn ca

nhim v 5, nhn v gi phm Shift v sau kch vo ngy kt thc ca nhim v 13.
Bc 2: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Clipboard, kch Copy.
Project sao chp phm vi c chn ti Clipboard.
Bc 3: M phn mm Word ( hoc mt ng dng s l vn bn ), to ra mt ti liu mi
(New Document) v sau dn ni dung trong Clipboard vo ti liu mi ny.
Chng XIX
309

Nu bn c Word 2013, mn hnh ca s Word ca bn lc ny nhn cng tng t nh
hnh nh v d sau y.
Vic dn vo Word to ra mt bng c nh dng. Cc tiu ct t Project c

sao chp vo trong bng, cu trc dng cng ca nhim v khi qut v nhim v con trong
Project cng c biu th.
Tip theo, bn s dn d liu dng bng t Project vo trong mt ng dng bng tnh.
Bc 4: M phn mm Excel ( hoc mt ng dng bng tnh khc ), to ra mt bng tnh
mi (New Workbook).
By gi bn s sao chp cc chi tit v chi ph ca ti nguyn t Project sang Excel.
Bc 5: Quay tr li Project.
Khung nhn Resource Sheet thay th khung nhn Gantt Chart.
y l cc thng tin v chi ph ca cc ti nguyn m bn mun dn vo trong Excel.
Chng XIX
310
Bc 8: Kch vo nt Select All nm gc trn cng bn tri ca bng Cost.

Project chn ton b bng, mc d ch nhng d liu cha ng gi tr s c sao chp.
Bc 9: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Clipboard, kch Copy.

Project sao chp phm vi c chn vo Clipboard.
Bc 10: Quay tr li Excel v sau dn ni dung trong Clipboard vo trong bng tnh
mi.
Trong Excel, nu thy cn thit, m rng bt k ct no khng hin th cc gi tr d liu
m thay vo hin th k hiu tin t (##). Nu bn c Excel 2013, mn hnh ca s Excel ca
bn trng s ging nh hnh minh ha sau y.
Chng XIX
311
Cng ging nh khi dn vo trong Work, ch rng vic dn vo trong Excel to ra cc

tiu ct chnh xc. Cc gi tr t Project cng c a nh dng chnh xc ( chng hn nh
tin t) vo trong Excel.
Bc 11: ng Word v Excel m khng lu file, v sau quay tr li Project. Vic
dn d liu bng t Project sang cc ng dng khc ngoi Word v Excel s khc. V d, nu bn
dn d liu tng t nh trn vo trong Notepad, kt qu l d liu s b phn cch kiu tabdelimited v khng c cc tiu ct.
19.2. M cc nh dng tp tin khc trong Project

Cc thng tin m bn cn st nhp vo mt k hoch trong Project c th n t nhiu
ngun khc nhau. Mt danh sch cc nhim v n t mt bng tnh hoc cc chi ph ti nguyn
n t mt c s d liu l hai v d. Bn c th mun s dng cc tnh nng c o ca Project
phn tch d liu t cc chng trnh khc. V d, nhiu ngi gi danh sch cc vic cn lm
v danh sch cc nhim v c bn trong Excel, nhng vic gii quyt cc vn tin c bn,
chng hn nh vic phn bit gia thi gian lm vic v thi gian khng lm vic, l khng thc
t trong Excel.
Khi lu hoc m d liu t cc nh dng khc, Project s dng cc nh x (map) (cn
c gi l Import/Export map-nh x xut/nhp hoc Data map-nh x d liu) xc nh chnh
xc d liu c nhp vo hoc xut ra v cch thc cu trc n. Bn s dng Import/Export map
xc nh cch thc m bn mun cc trng d liu c nhn trong tp tin ca chng trnh
ngun tng ng vi cc trng d liu c nhn trong tp tin ca chng trnh ch. Sau khi bn
thit lp mt Import/Export map, bn c th s dng n nhiu v nhiu hn na.
Lu : Nu bn ci t Excel trn my tnh ca bn, m tp tin excel c tn l Sample
Task List trong th mc Practices/Chapter19. y l mt tp tin m bn s nhp-Import vo trong
Project. Nhng iu quan trng cn lu v tp tin ny l tn v th t ca cc ct, s hin din
ca mt hng tiu ct (cc nhn pha trn cng cc ct) v d liu ny nm trong mt
Worksheet c tn l "Tasks". Sau khi bn xem qua xong, ng n li m khng lu cc thay i
nu c.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, mt ng nghip gi cho bn mt tp
tin Excel c cha cc nhim v v thi hn thc hin ca cc hot ng c c y ngh cho
cho mt s cng vic m nh xut bn Lucerne c th lm trong tng lai. Bn mun nhp d liu
ny vo Project.
Chng XIX
312

Trong v d ny, bn m mt tp tin Excel trong Project v thit lp mt Import/Export
map iu khin cc thc m d liu ca Excel c nhp vo trong Project.
Quan trng: Project 2013 c mt thit lp an ninh c th ngn cn bn m cc tp tin c
lu bi cc phin bn trc ca MS Project hoc cc tp tin trong cc nh dng khng mc
nh khc. Bn s thay i thit lp ny hon thnh cc hot ng trong v d sau y v sau
khi phc li thit lp ban u ca n.
Bc 1: Trong Project, trn tab File, kch Options.
Bc 2: Kch vo tab Trust Center.
Bc 3: Bm vo nt Trust Center Settings.
Hp thoi Trust Center xut hin.
Bc 4: Kch vo Legacy Formats.
Bc 5: Bn di nhn Legacy Formats, chn Prompt when loading files with legacy or
non default file format.
Bc 6: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Trust Center v sau bm nt OK mt ln na

ng hp thoi Project Options.
Vi s thay i ny ti thit lp Trust Center ca Project, bn sn sng nhp mt
tp tin Excel vo Project.
Bc 7: Kch vo tab File v sau chn Open. Chn Computer ri bm vo nt Browse.
Hp thoi Open xut hin.
Bc 8: Dn n th mc Practices/Chapter 19.
Bc 9: Trong hp chn ( hin ang c cha Projects trong ) nm bn cnh hp
chn c nhn File name, chn Excel Workbook trong danh sch th xung.
Lu : Trong khi di chuyn qua cc mc chn trong hp chn ny, bn c th thy cc nh
dng tp tin m Project c th nhp (Import). Nu bn lm vic vi cc chng trnh m chng
c th lu d liu thnh mt trong cc nh dng tp tin ny th bn c th nhp d liu ca chng
vo trong Project.
Bc 10: Chn tp tin Sample Task List trong th mc Practices/Chapter 19 v sau
bm nt Open.
Hp thoi Import Wizard xut hin. Hp thoi ny gip bn nhp cc d liu c cu
trc t mt nh dng khc vo trong Project.
Bc 11: Bm nt Next.
Trang th hai ( trang Map) ca hp thoi Import Wizard xut hin.
Chng XIX
313
Hp thoi Import Wizard s dng cc map (nh x) t chc cch thc m d liu c
cu trc t kiu nh dng tp tin khc c nhp vo trong Project. i vi v d ny, bn s to
ra mt map mi.
Bc 12: Chc chn rng New map dang c chn v sau bm nt Next.
Trang Import Mode ca hp thoi Import Wizard xut hin.
Bc 13: Chc chn rng As a new project ang c chn, v sau bm nt Next.
Trang Map Options ca hp thoi Import Wizard xut hin.
Bc 14: Tch chn vo hp kim c nhn Task v chc chn rng Import includes headers
cng ang c chn.
Headers y l cp n cc tiu ca ct.
Bc 15: Bm nt Next.
Trang Task Mapping ca hp thoi Import Wizard xut hin. y, bn ch nh
Worksheet ( hay cn gi l Sheet) ngun trong tp tin Excel v ch nh cch thc m bn mun
nh x (map) d liu t Worksheet ngun ti cc trng d liu ca Project.
Bc 16: Trong hp chn c nhn Source worksheet name, chn Tasks.
Chng XIX
314

Tasks l tn ca Sheet c cha d liu cn nhp trong tp tin Excel. Project phn tch cc
ci tn trong hng tiu trong sheet Tasks v ngh ra cc ci tn ca cc trng d liu c th
ph hp trong Project. Nu Project khng th ph hp vi cc ci tn ca cc ct trong sheet
Tasks hoc mun xc nh chnh xc th bn c th thay i s nh x ti cc trng d liu khc
y.
Bc 17: Bm nt Next.
Trang cui cng ca hp thoi Import Wizard xut hin. y, bn c ty chn lu cc
thit lp cho Import Map mi ny. Ti thi im ny th bn s b qua bc ny.
Bc 18: Bm nt Finish.
Project nhp d liu t tp tin Excel vo mt k hoch d n mi. (Cc ngy m bn nhn
thy trn bng biu thi gian s khc vi hnh nh trong my tnh ca bn do Project s dng ngy
thng hin ti trn my tnh l ngy bt u ca d n trong cc tp tin mi).
Tr khi bn thay i thit lp ln ch tin mc nh cho cc nhim v mi, cn

khng th cc nhim hin ang c ch tin th cng (Manually Scheduled).
y l mt danh sch cc nhim v n gin ch c tn v thi hn thc hin ca nhim
v. Tuy nhin, qui trnh nhp d liu c cu trc phc tp hn vn tng t nh vy.
Bc 19: ng tp tin d n Sample Task List mi ny li m khng cn lu.
Tp tin d n Sharing vn cn m trong Project.
Chng XIX
315
19.3. Lu sang cc nh dng tp tin khc trong Project

Dn d liu Project vo cc chng trnh khc nh bn lm cc v d trc c th
l tt i vi mt thi im no hoc cho cc nhu cu khng thng xuyn, nhng k thut ny
c th lm khng c tt lm nu nh bn phi xut mt lng ln d liu t Project. Thay vo
, bn c th lu d liu Proejct vo trong cc tp tin nh dng khc nh sau y:
- Bn c th lu ton b d n sang nh dng Extensible Markup Language (XML) trao
i d liu c cu trc vi cc ng dng khc c h tr XML.
- Bn c th ch lu d liu m bn ch nh trong mt nh dng khc. Cc nh dng c
h tr bao gm Workbook ( bng tnh) ca Excel v vn bn b phn cch bi khong cch tab
(Tab-delimited) hoc vn bn b phn cch bi du phy (Comma-delimited). Khi lu cc nh
dng ny, bn chn nh dng m bn mun lu, chn mt Export map c sn ( hoc c to ra
bi bn), v xut d liu.
Lu : Bn cng c th lu khung nhn hin c ang m ra thnh mt nh dng lu tr
ti liu nh XPS hoc PDF, gi c b cc v nh dng nhng thng l khng th chnh sa
c. bit thm thng tin, xem li Chng 16.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, ngi lp k hoch ti chnh yu cu
mt s d liu v chi ph ca d n xut bn sch. Bn mun cung cp d liu ny cho ngi lp
k hoch ti chnh, nhng ngi ny li s dng mt chng trnh v ngn sch m n khng th
lm vic trc tip vi cc tp tin ca Project. Bn quyt nh cung cp cho c y d liu chi ph
dng vn bn Tab-Delimited m s cho php c y linh hot nht khi nhp d liu vo chng
trnh ngn sch ca mnh.
Trong v d ny, bn s lu d liu Project thnh mt tp tin vn bn bng cch s dng
mt Export map c sn.
Bc 1: Trn tab File, bm Export.
Bc 2: Kch Save Project as File.
Bn di nhn Save Project as File, bn c th nhn thy mt s loi tp tin c h tr.
Bn trong khu vc di nhn Other File Types, kch chn mc Save as Another File Type
v sau bm nt Save As.
Bc 5: Trong hp nhp c nhn File name, g Sharing Costs.
Bc 6: Trong hp chn c nhn Save as type, chn Text (Tab delimited) t danh sch th
xung v sau bm nt Save.
Mt hp thoi xc nhn xut hin bi v Project hin ang c gng lu thnh mt nh
dng tp tin khng thuc loi mc nh.
Chng XIX
316

Bc 7: Bm nt Yes.
Hp thoi Export Wizard xut hin.
Lu : Khi bn s dng cc Import/Export map, chng khng ph thuc vo khung nhn
no hin ang c m ra trong Project. Khung nhn hin ang c m ra khng nh hng ti
nhng loi d liu no c th hoc khng c th xut.
Bc 8: Bm nt Next.
Trang th hai ca hp thoi Export Wizard xut hin.
Bc 9: Chn ty chn Use existing map v sau bm nt Next.
Bc 10: Trong danh sch ca hp chn c nhn Choose a map for your date, chn Cost
data by task.
Bc 11: Bm nt Next.
Trong trang tip theo ca hp thoi Export Wizard, bn c th thy cc ty chn v loi
ca d liu c xut, loi phn cch gia cc gi tr d liu ( tab, space hoc comma) v cc ty
chn khc. Thi im ny th bn s s dng cc ty chn mc nh.
Bc 12: Bm nt Next.
Chng XIX
317

y, bn c th nhn thy cc trng d liu chi tit c p dng ti s xut ny. Tip
theo, bn s ty chnh nhng d liu no s c xut. Bn s g b hai trong s cc trng d
liu c xut.
Bc 13: Trong ct c nhn From, chn Active.
Bc 14: Bm nt Delete Row.
Tip theo, bn s g b trng d liu th hai.
Bc 15: Trong ct c nhn From, chn Task Mode.
Bc 16: Bm nt Delete Row.
Proejct g b trng Task Mode ra khi danh sch cc trng d liu c xut v cp
nht trong khung nhn Preview (xem trc) bn di.
Bc 17: Bm nt Finish.
Proejct lu tp tin vn bn. xem n, bn s m tp tin ny bng Notepad.
Bc 18: Lm mt trong hai vic sau y.
- Nu bn ang s dng h iu hnh Window 7 hoc trc n th: trn manu Start, chn
All Programs Accessories Notepad.
- Nu bn ang s dng h iu hnh Window 8 th: Trn mn hnh Start screen, g
notepad v trong danh sch Apps results chn hoc chm Notepad.
Phn mm Notepad m ra.
Lu : Bn cng c th ti th mc Practices/Chapter 19 v kch p vo tp tin vn bn
Sharing Costs.
Bc 19: Trong Notepad, chc chn rng Word Wrap ang c tt. ( Trn trnh n
Format, Work Wrap khng c dy tch chn ng trc n).
Bc 20: Trn trnh n File, chn Open.
Bc 21: M tp tin vn bn Sharing Costs trong th mc Practices/Chapter 19.
Trong tp tin ny, cc trng d liu c phn cch bi cc khong cch tab. N c th
khng d dng c nhng nh dng ny d dng c nhp vo trong bt c chng trnh phn
tch d liu (data crunching).
Bc 22: Trong Notepad, trn trnh n File chn Exit.
Notepad ng li v bn quay tr li Project.
kt thc v d ny, bn s phc hi li thit lp Trust Center.
Bc 23: Trong Project, trn tab File, kch Options.
Chng XIX
318

Bc 24: Kch vo tab Trust Center v sau bm vo nt Trust Center Settings.
Bc 25: Kch vo Legacy Formats.
Bc 26: Bn di nhn Legacy Formats, chn Do not open/save file legacy or non default
file format in Project.
Bc 27: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Trust Center v sau bm nt OK ln na

ng hp thoi Project Options.
* Lm vic vi cc tp tin c lu bi cc phin bn trc y ca Project
Project 2000, 2002 v 2003 cng chia s mt nh dng tp tin chung m c th c m
bng bt k phin bn no ca Project t 2000-2003. Ni cch khc, nu bn ang s dng Proejct
2000, 2002 hoc 2003 th bn khng cn phi quan tm n cc nh dng tp tin project gia ba
phin bn ny.
thch ng vi chc nng mi c gii thiu trong mt ln pht hnh sn phm mi,
Project 2007 gii thiu nh dng tp tin ca ring n v Project 2010 cng nh vy. Project
2010 v 2013 chia s nh dng tp tin ging nhau.
Vi Project 2013, khi bn thy rng bn cn phi chia s k hoch vi nhng ngi ang
s dng cc phin bn trc y ca Project th nn lu chng trong nh dng ca Mcrosoft
Project 2000-2003 hoc nh dng Microsoft Project 2007. (y l hai nh dng tp tin c
lit k trong hp chn ch nhn Save As Type ca hp thoi Save As). Tuy nhin, mt s d liu
c lin quan n cc tnh nng mi trong Project 2013 s b thay i hoc hy b khi lu trong
mt nh dng c hn. V d, cc nhim v c ch tin th cng s c chuyn i thnh
cc nhim v c c tin t ng.
bit thm v cc nh dng tp tin v cc phin bn ca Project, kch vo nt Help ( n
nhn trng ging nh du hi) gc trn cng pha bn phi ca ca s Project v trong hp
nhp Help Search, g Supported file formats.
19.4. To ra cc bo co trc quan vi Excel v Visio

Proejct c th to ra cc bo co trc quan tp trung vo vic chia s cc chi tit ca tin
vi cc ng dng khc. C th, bn c th s dng tnh nng Visual Reports xut d liu t
Project ti Excel hoc Microsoft Visio.
Lu : Mt s bo co trc quan (c bit l ci c to ra trong Excel) tng t nh cc
mu bo co hin ang c sn trong Project 2013. Bn c th thy cc bo co trc quan c ch
khi bn mun cc phn tch d liu phc tp hn trong Excel.
Mt bo co trc quan c th bao gm nhim v, ti nguyn hoc cc chi tit ca s phn
cng. Khi bn chn mt bo co trc quan trong Project, n to ra mt d liu c cu trc cao gi
l Online Analytical Processing (PLAP) cube Khi x l phn tch tp tin trc tuyn, t tp tin
Chng XIX
319

d n ca bn. Project sau bt u vi Excel hoc Visio (ty thuc vo bo co trc quan m
bn chn), np v t chc d liu c s dng bi ng dng , v to ra mt i din ha
ca d liu (mt biu Excel hoc mt s Visio). Cc kt qu c th m bn c c ph
thuc vo cc loi bo co trc quan m bn la chn:
- Cc bo co trc quan Excel s dng tnh tng PivotTable v PivotChart trong Excel.
Bn c th nh dng biu v sa i cc chi tit trong PivotTable l ni cha d liu to ra
biu . Bo co PivotTable rt thch hp phn tch v tng hp khi lng ln d liu m tp
tin n c th cha ng. Bn c th to ra cc bo co trc quan Excel bng Excel 2003 hoc cc
phin bn cao hn.
- Bo co trc quan Visio s dng tnh nng PivotDiagrams trong Visio. PivotDiagrams
rt ph hp trnh by d liu c tnh phn cp v c th b sung cho Project rt tt. Bn khng
ch c th ty chnh cc bo co trc quan l mt s Visio m bn cn c th lc v sp xp li
cc d liu m t chng s c to ra. Bo co trc quan Visio cn phin bn Visio 2007 hoc
cao hn.
Project bao gm mt s cc mu bo co trc quan Excel v Viso. Bn cng c th to ra
cc bo co trc quan ca ring bn bt u t u hoc sa i mt trong cc mu c cung cp.
Cc bo co trc quan c th c li cho bt k ngi no s dng Project. Nu bn quen thuc
vi bo co PivotTable ca Excel hoc bn l mt ngi s dng Visio, v bn c nhu cu phn
tch v trnh by d liu ca Project, bn s cc bo co trc quan c bit th v.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, mt ng nghip bit s dng c Excel
v Visio. V th c y yu cu bn cung cp mt d liu trong Project c y c th lm vic
trong c hai ng dng ny.
Trong v d ny, bn to ra bo co trc quan Excel v Visio.
Quan trng: Nu my tnh m bn ang s dng khng ci t Excel 2003 hoc cc phin
bn cao hn, bn s khng th hon thnh v d ny. V bn nn b qua v chuyn n on ni
c th v Visio trong phn ny.
Bc 1: Trn tab Report, trong nhm lnh Export kch Visual Reports.
Hp thoi Visual Reports xut hin. Nu my tnh ca bn khng ci t Excel hoc Visio
nhng g bn nhn thy c th khc vi hnh nh v d sau y.
Hp thoi ny phn chia cc bo co trc quan trc quan theo mt s nhm sau y: tt c
(All) cc bo co; ch mi bo co Excel hoc Visio; cc chi tit ca nhim v, ti nguyn hoc s
phn cng (chia thnh bo co tng qut-Summary v bo co thng thng -Usage). Hp thoi
cn bao gm mt khung nhn xem trc n gin ha cc kiu ha (biu hoc s ) gn
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320

lin vi tng kiu bo co trc quan. Nu bn mun, bn c th bm vo cc tab khc nhau trong
hp thoi cc bo co trc quan c t chc sp xp nh th no.
Bo co trc quan u tin bn s to da trn Excel.
Bc 2: Kch vo tab Resource Summary.
Bc 3: Kch chn Resource Remaining Work Report v sau bm nt View.
Bc 4: Nu bng iu khin PivotChart Fields trong ca s lm vic ca phn mm Excel
khng t ng xut hin, kch vo bt c v tr no thuc biu v trn tab Analyze di nhn
PivotChart Tools, trong nhm lnh Show/hide kch Field List.
Bn s cn phi iu chnh cp Zoom nhn thy ht bit .
PivotTable m biu da vo n dng nm trong sheet Summary Resource. Nu bn

quen thuc vi cc PivotTable, bn c th xem sheet v sa i cc thit lp ca PivotTable
nu bn mun.
Lu : PivotTable l mt tnh nng mnh m trong Excel. hiu thm v n, tm kim
cm t PivotTable trong hp thoi Help ca Excel.
Bc 5: Sau khi lm vic xong vi biu Excel, ng Excel m khng lu cc thay i.
kt thc v d ny, bn s to ra mt bo co trc quan da trn Visio.
Quan trng: Nu my tnh m bn ang s dng khng ci t Visio 2007 hoc cc phin
bn cao hn, bn s khng th hon thnh v d ny. V bn nn b qua v kt thc chng ny
ti y.
Trong Project, hp thoi Visual Reports vn ang c hin th.
Bc 6: Kch vo tab Assignment Usage.
Bc 7: Kch chn Baseline Report (US) v sau bm nt View.
Project to cc d liu theo yu cu ca bo co ny, m phn mm Visio v to ra s
Baseline Report. Khung nhn ca bn s trng ging nh hnh minh ha sau y:
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Tip theo, bn s to ra mt ci nhn r hn v cc mc trong s ny.

Bc 8: Lm mt trong hai iu sau y:
- Trong Visio 2007, trn tab View, di chuyn n Zoom v sau kch 100%.
- Trong Visio 2010 hoc 2013 , trn thanh trt Zoom, thit lp mc Zoom l 100%.
Bc 9: Nu cn thit, iu chnh thanh cun ng v ngang cho n khi bn c th nhn
thy cc chi tit ca s .
Ti thi im ny, bn c th iu chnh cc thit lp trong bng iu khin PivotDiagram

trong Visio thay i cc chi tit trong s .
Bc 10: Sau khi lm vic xong vi s Visio, ng Visio m khng lu cc thay i.
Bc 11: Trong Project, bm nt Close ng hp thoi Visual Reports.
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Hp nht cc d n v ti nguyn
Chng XX
323

Chng ny gii thiu cc tnh nng mnh m trong Project m c th gip bn ti u ha
cc ti nguyn ca bn, hp nht nhiu k hoch d n thnh mt k hoch thng nht duy nht,
v to ra s ph thuc gia cc k hoch.
20.1. To ra mt qu ti nguyn
Khi qun l nhiu d n, bn c th thy rng thng l cc ti nguyn lm vic (con ngi
v thit b) c phn cng ti nhiu d n cng ti mt thi im. iu c th gy kh khn
cho vic iu phi thi gian lm vic ca cc ti nguyn lm vic gia cc d n, c bit l nu
nhng d n ny c qun l bi nhng ngi khc nhau. V d, mt bin tp vin ti mt cng
ty xut bn cun sch c th c cc s phn cng nhim v trong cc d n v mt cun sch mi,
mt trang web qung co v mt thng co bo ch, v c ba d n ny u c tin hnh ng
thi. Trong mi k hoch d n, bin tp vin c th c phn b ng mc hoc thm ch l
phn b di mc. Tuy nhin, nu bn ghp tt c cc nhim v ca c y ( hoc anh y) trong
nhng k hoch ny li vi nhau, bn c th khm ph ra rng c b phn b vt mc hoc b
phn cng lm vic vi s lng nhim v nhiu hn mc c y c th x l ti mt thi im.
Khi lm vic vi cc ti nguyn chi ph trong nhiu k hoch, bn c th mun xem khng ch mi
chi ph trong tng k hoch lin quan n mt ti nguyn chi ph m bn cng mun xem cc chi
ph ly tch trong ton b cc k hoch . Tng t nh vy, khi lm vic vi cc ti nguyn
nguyn vt liu trong nhiu k hoch d n, bn mun thy tng s ti nguyn nguyn vt liu tiu
th trong ton b cc k hoch c s dng chng.
Mt qu ti nguyn ( Resource pool) c th gip bn thy ti nguyn c s dng nh
th no trong nhiu k hoch. Qu ti nguyn l mt k hoch m cc cc k hoch khc v cc
thng tin v ti nguyn ca chng ln. N cha ng cc thng tin v cc s phn cng nhim v
ca cc tt c cc ti nguyn trong tt c cc k hoch d n c lin kt n qu ti nguyn. Bn
c th thay i cc thng tin ca ti nguyn-chng hn nh cng sut lm vic ti a, cc mc
lng v thi gian khng lm vic- trong qu ti nguyn, v tt c cc k hoch c lin quan ti
qu ti nguyn s s dng cc thng tin c cp nht.
Cc k hoch m c lin kt n qu ti nguyn c gi l cc k hoch chia s. Sau
y l mt cch hnh dung v mt qu ti nguyn v cc k hoch chia s.
Trc khi mt qu ti nguyn c to ra, mi k hoch cha ng cc thng tin v ti
nguyn ca ring n. iu ny c th dn n s phn b vt mc hoc s lp li ca cc
thng tin ti nguyn i vi cc ti nguyn c phn cng trong c hai k hoch.
Thng tin v ti nguyn Thng tin v ti nguyn
K hoch 1
K hoch 2
Sau khi mt qu ti nguyn c to ra v cc k

hoch c lin kt ti n, cc thng tin ti nguyn
c hp nht trong qu ti nguyn v cp nht ti
cc k hoch chia s. Bn cng c th lin kt ti cc
k hoch mi ti qu ti nguyn ny.
Thng tin v ti nguyn
Qu ti
nguyn
K hoch mi
K hoch 1
Cc thng tin v s phn cng ti nguyn trong cc k

hoch chia s c cp nht ti qu ti nguyn. Cc
thng tin v ti nguyn nh thi gian lm vic v mc
lng trung bnh c cp nht ti cc k hoch chia s.
Chng XX
K hoch 2
324

Nu bn qun l ch mi mt d n vi cc ti nguyn m khng c s dng trong cc
k hoch khc th qu ti nguyn khng mang li cho bn li ch ch g. Tuy nhin, nu c quan
t chc ca bn c k hoch qun l nhiu k hoch th vic thit lp mt qu ti nguyn cho php
bn lm nhng iu sau:
- Nhp cc thng tin v ti nguyn, chng hn nh thi gian khng lm vic, trong bt k
k hoch chia s no hoc trong qu ti nguyn n sn c trong cc k hoch chia s khc.
- Xem cc thng tin chi tit v s phn cng ca cc ti nguyn trong ton b cc k hoch
ti mt v tr duy nht ( Trong h thng mng li ni b-LAN).
- Xem cc chi ph v s phn cng cho tng ti nguyn trong ton b cc k hoch.
- Xem tng chi ph tch ly ca ti nguyn lm vic v ti nguyn chi ph trong ton b cc
k hoch.
- Xem tng s lng tiu th tch ly ca ti nguyn nguyn vt liu trong ton b cc k
hoch.
- Tm kim cc ti nguyn ang b phn b vt mc trong trong ton b cc k hoch,
thm ch l nhng ti nguyn ny ang c phn b di mc trong cc k hoch ring bit.
Qu ti nguyn c bit c li khi lm vic vi nhng ngi s dng Project khc trong
mt h thng mng ni b (LAN). Trong trng hp ny, qu ti nguyn c lu tr trong mt
v tr trung tm, chng hn l my ch ca h thng mng ni b, v cc ch s hu c nhn
ca cc k hoch chia s ( cc k hoch chia s c th c lu tr cc b trn my tnh c nhn
hoc trn mt my ch) chia s qu ti nguyn chung.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn thng xuyn phn cng cc ti
nguyn lm vic ( con ngi) ti cc nhim v khc nhau cc k hoch khc nhau. Mc d bn
qun l nhng k hoch ny trong Project, nhng i khi bn v tnh phn b vt mc mt s
ti nguyn khi ton b ton b cng vic ca h trong tt c cc k hoch c thng k. gip
trnh c vn ny trong tng lai, v c c nhng ch li ca vic ch t mt v tr m
ti bn c th cp nht cc thng tin chi tit ca ti nguyn nh cc ngy ngh, bn quyt nh
to ra mt qu ti nguyn v kt ni n vi mt s k hoch hin nay ca bn.
Trong v d ny, bn s to ra mt k hoch m n s tr thnh mt qu ti nguyn v lin
kt hai k hoch chia s ti n.
Bc 1: M tp tin Consolidating A-Srart trong th mc Practices/Chapter 20 v lu n
li thnh Consolidation A-Srart.
Bc 2: Tip theo, m tp tin Consolidating B-Srart trong th mc Practices/Chapter 20
v lu n li thnh Consolidation B-Srart.
C hai k hoch d n ny c to ra trc , v c hai cha ng cc thng tin v
ti nguyn ca ring mnh. Khi chng c lu li ln gn y nht th Resource Sheet l khung
nhn hin ang c m ra trong c hai k hoch.
Tip theo, bn s to ra mt k hoch d n mi m s tr thnh mt qu ti nguyn.
Bc 3: Trn tab File, kch New v sau chn Blank project.
Project to ra mt k hoch d n mi vi khung nhn Gantt v Timeline ang c hin
th.
Bc 4: Trn tab File, kch Save As. Kch Computer v sau bm nt Browse, hp thoi
Save xut hin.
Bc 6: Trong hp nhp c nhn File Name, g Lucerne Resource Pool v sau bm nt
Save.
Chng XX
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Lu : Bn c th t cho qu ti nguyn bt k ci tn no m bn mun, nhng mt
tng tt l nn biu th rng l mt qu ti nguyn ( Resource Pool) trong tn ca tp tin.
Khung nhn Resource Sheet hin th thay th cho khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Bc 8: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Window, kch Arrange All.
Project sp xp cc ca s ca ba k hoch trong ca s lm vic ca Project.
Lu : bn khng bt buc cn phi sp xp cc ca s ca cc k hoch nh trn khi to

ra mt qu ti nguyn, nhng iu rt hu ch nhn thy kt qu khi chng xy ra trong phn
ny.
Nhn vo tn ca cc ti nguyn trong hai k hoch ( Consolidating A v Consolidating
B), bn c th thy rng mt s ti nguyn ging nhau xut hin trong c hai k hoch. D l
Carole Poland, Copyeditors, John Evans v mt s ti nguyn khc. Khng ai trong s cc ti
nguyn ny b phn b vt mc trong tng k hoch ring bit.
Bc 9: Kch vo thanh tiu ca ca s Consolidating B.
Bc 10: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Assignments, kch Resource Pool v sau
chn Share Resources.
Hp thoi Share Resources xut hin.
Bc 11: Bn di nhn Resources for Consolidating B, chn ty chn Use resources.
Trong danh sch ca hp chn c nhn From cha ng cc k hoch ang c m ra
m c th s dng lm mt qu ti nguyn.
Bc 12: Trong hp chn c nhn From, chn Lucerne Resource Pool.
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326
Bc 13: Bm nt OK ng li hp thoi Share Resources.

Bn thy cc thng tin v ti nguyn trong k hoch Consolidating B xut hin trong k
hoch Lucerne Resource Pool. Tip theo, bn s thit lp k hoch Consolidating A l k hoch
chia s vi cng qu ti nguyn .
Bc 14: Kch vo thanh tiu ca ca s Consolidating A.
chn Share Resources.
Bc 16: Bn di nhn Resources for Consolidating A, chn ty chn Use resources.
Bc 17: Trong hp chn c nhn From, chc chn rng Lucerne Resource Pool ang c
chn.
Lucerne Resource Pool ang c chn bi mc nh. K hoch Consolidating A l
mt k hoch chia s, v Project s khng cho php mt k hoch chia se thnh mt qu ti nguyn
cho cc k hoch khc.
Bc 18: Bn di nhn On conflict with calendar or resource information, chc chn rng
ty chn Pool takes precedence ang c chn.
Vic la chn ty chn ny khin Project s dng cc thng tin v ti nguyn ( chng hn
nh cc mc lng) trong qu ti nguyn thay v trong k hoch chia s nu n tm thy bt k s
khc bit no gia hai k hoch chia s.
Bc 19: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Share Resource.
Bn thy cc thng tin v ti nguyn trong k hoch Consolidating A xut hin trong qu
ti nguyn.
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327

Qu ti nguyn ny cha cc thng tin v ti nguyn t c hai k hoch chia s. Project s
hp nht cc thng tin v ti nguyn t cc d n chia s da vo tn ca ti nguyn. V d, John
Evans, c lit k mt ln duy nht trong qu ti nguyn m khng quan tm ti bao nhiu k
hoch lit k ng l mt ti nguyn.
Quan trng: Proejct khng th phn bit cc bin th khc nhau ca tn ca mt ti nguyn,
v d, Jonh Evans trong mt k hoch chia s v J.Evans ( vit tt ca Jonh Evans ) trong mt k
hoch chia s khc. V l do ny, bn nn pht trin mt quy c t tn cho cc ti nguyn trong
c quan t chc ca bn v sau gn b vi chng.
Lu : Nu bn quyt nh rng bn khng mun s dng mt qu ti nguyn cho mt k
hoch no , bn c th ph v lin kt. lm iu ny, trong k hoch chia s, trn tab
Resource, kch Resource Pool v sau chn Share Resource. Trong ng hp thoi Share
Resource, bn di nhn Resource for <tn ca tp tin d n hin ang chn>, chn ty chn Use
Own Resource.
By gi, bn c th nhn thy cc ti nguyn c phn cng trong ton b cc k hoch
nh th no. Bng cch lin kt cc k hoch mi ti qu ti nguyn ny, cc thng tin v ti
nguyn s ngay lp tc c sn trong k hoch mi . (Bn s lm iu ny trong phn tip theo).
Mt ln na, lu rng bn khng bt buc cn phi sp xp cc ca s ca cc k hoch
nh bn lm trong v d ny khi lin kt cc d n chia s ti mt qu ti nguyn. Tuy nhin,
trong phn ny, n rt hu ch nhn thy kt qu xy ra.
* To mt qu ti nguyn chuyn bit
Bt k k hoch no m c hoc khng c cc nhim v, c th dng nh l mt qu
ti nguyn. Tuy nhin, c mt tng hay l chn mt d n m khng c cha cc nhim v
lm qu ti nguyn. l do bt c d n no m c cc nhim v gn nh chc chn s kt thc
ti mt s thi im, v bn c th khng mun cc s phn cng trong cc nhim v ny (cng
vi cc chi ph v cc thng tin chi tit khc lin quan ti n) s tn ti mt cch mp m-khng
r rng trong qu ti nguyn.
Hn na, mt qu nguyn chuyn bit khng c cc nhim v c th cho php mi ngi,
chng hn nh cc nh qun l ngang hng hoc ngi qun l ti nguyn, duy tr mt s thng
tin v cc ti nguyn ca h, chng hn nh thi gian khng lm vic, trong qu ti nguyn. Nhng
ngi ny c th khng c vai tr g trong vic qun l d n, v h s khng cn phi i mt vi
chi tit c th v nhim v trong qu ti nguyn.
20.2. Xem cc thng tin chi tit v s phn cng trong qu ti nguyn
Mt trong nhng li ch quan trng nht ca vic s dng mt qu ti nguyn l n cho
php bn xem cc ti nguyn c phn b nh th no trong ton b cc k hoch. V d, bn c
th xc nh cc ti nguyn m b phn b vt mc trong phm vi ton b cc k hoch m h
c phn cng mc d trong cc k hoch ring bit khng b.
Hy xem xt mt v d c th. Nh bn c th thy trong phn trc, ti nguyn Carole
Poland, ngi khng b phn b vt mc trong tng k hoch ring bit, nhng li xut hin du
hiu b phn b vt mc sau khi Proejct thng k tt c cc s phn cng ca c y trong c hai
k hoch. Khi nhng s phn cng ca Carole trong hai k hoch chia s c hp nht, chng
vt qu kh nng lm vic ca c y trong t nht mt ngy. Mc d Carole rt c th nhn
thc c vn ny, nhng ngi qun l d n c th khng bit v n khi khng thit lp mt
qu ti nguyn (hoc khng nghe trc tip vn t Carole).
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn mun s dng qu ti ti nguyn
mi c to ca bn tm kim bt k s phn b vt mc no ca ti nguyn trong c hai
k hoch chia s.
Chng XX
328

Trong v d ny, bn xem cc s phn cng trong tt c cc k hoch trong qu ti
nguyn.
Bc 1: Kch p vo thanh tiu ca ca s Lucerne Resource Pool.
Ca s qu ti nguyn c phng to ph kn ca s Project. Trong qu ti nguyn
ny, bn c th thy tt c cc ti nguyn c trong c hai k hoch chia s. c c mt ci
nhn tt hn v vic s dng ti nguyn, bn s thay i khung nhn.
Khung nhn Resource Usage xut hin.
Bc 3: Trong ct Resource Name, nu n khng c chn, chn tn ca ti nguyn 1,
Carole Poland.
Cc thng tin chi tit trong li pha thi gian nm pha bn phi ca khung nhn c
cun theo chiu ngang hin th cc s phn cng nhim v u tin ca Carole Poland. Cc
con s mu (v d, 16h thuc ct ngy 20 thng By) ch th rng y l mt ngy m Carole
b phn b vt mc. Tip theo, bn s hin th khung nhn Resource Form bit thm cc thng
tin chi tit v cc s phn cng ca Carole.
Bc 5: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Split View, tch chn vo hp kim c nhn
Details.
Khung nhn Resource Form xut hin bn di khung nhn Resource Usage.
Bc 6: Nu cn thit, ko thanh chia ng nm gia hai ct Project v ID trong khung
nhn Resource Form sang phi cho n khi bn c th nhn thy y ni dung bn trong ct
Project.
Trong khung nhn kt hp ny, bn c th nhn thy tt c cc ti nguyn trong qu ti

nguyn v cc s phn cng ca h ( trong khu vc bn trn-khung nhn Resource Usage), cng
nh cc thng tin chi tit v ti nguyn ang c chn (trong khu vc bn di-khung nhn
Resource Form) trong tt c cc k hoch chia s. V d, bn c th thy rng nhim v Assign
launch team members l nhim v m Carole c phn cng trong k hoch Consolidating A v
nhim v Content edit l nhim v trong k hoch Consolidating B. Carole khng b phn b vt
mc trong tng k hoch ring bit nhng c y b phn b vt mc khi bn nhn thy nhng
s phn cng ca c y trong c hai k hoch theo cch ny.
Chng XX
329

Nu bn mun, chn cc ci tn ti nguyn khc trong khung nhn Resource Usage xem
cc thng tin chi tit v s phn cng ca h trong khung nhn Resource Form.
Bc 7: Trn tab View, trong khung nhn Split View, g b tch chn khi hp kim
Details.
Lu : Trong mt qu ti nguyn, khung nhn Resource Form ch l mt cch thy cc
thng tin chi tit ca cc s phn cng c th trong cc k hoch chia s. Bn cng c th thm
ct Project hoc Task Summary Name ti phn bng ca khung nhn Resource Usage. Lm nh
vy s hin th cho bn thy tn ca nhng k hoch m c cha nhng s phn cng v nhim v
v tn ca nhim v khi qut ca s phn cng .
Trong v d ny, bn thy cc s phn cng ti nguyn trong ton b cc k hoch trong
qu ti nguyn. Khi bn thm hoc thay i cc s phn cng, bn s lun thy nhng thng tin
v s phn cng mi nht trong qu ti nguyn v trong ton b cc nhim v chia s.
20.3. Cp nht s phn cng trong k hoch chia s

Bi v cc thng tin chi tit v s phn cng ca mt ti nguyn c ngun gc t cc k
hoch chia s nn Project s cp nht qu ti nguyn vi cc thng tin chi tit v s phn cng
khi m bn to ra chng trong k hoch chia s.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn cn phi phn cng mt ti nguyn
ti mt nhim v. Hin nay, bn thit lp mt qu ti nguyn, sau khi to ra s phn cng ti
nguyn bn s kim tra s phn cng trong qu ti nguyn.
Trong v d ny, bn thay i cc s phn cng ti nguyn trong mt k hoch chia s v
bn xem cc thay i c a ln qu ti nguyn.
K hoch Lucerne Resource Pool vn ang hot ng vi khung nhn Resource Usage
ang c p dng.
Bc 1: Trong ct Resource Name, chn ti nguyn 13, Luis Sousa.
Bn c th thy rng Luis khng c s phn cng nhim v trong c hai k hoch chia s
(Luis khng c cc s phn cng nhim v c lit k ngay bn di tn ca anh y). Tip theo,
bn s phn cng Luis ti mt nhim v thuc mt trong hai k hoch chia s v bn s xem kt
qu trong qu ti nguyn cng nh trong k hoch chia s.
Bc 2: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Window, kch Switch Windows v sau chn
Consolidating A.
Project hin th d n Consolidating A. V khung nhn Resource Sheet ang c hin
th.
Hp thoi Assign Resource xut hin.
Bc 5: Trong ct Task Name trong khung nhn Gantt Chart, chn tn ca nhim v 5,
Design and order marketing material.
Bc 6: Trong ct Resource Name ca hp thoi Assign Resource, chon Luis Souna v
sau bm nt Assign.
Project phn cng Luis ti nhim v.
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Bc 7: Bm nt Close ng hp thoi Assign Resource.

Bc 8: Tn tab View, trong nhm lnh Window, kch Switch Windows v sau chn
Lucerne Resource Pool.
Bc 9: Chc chn rng ti nguyn th 13, Luis Souna, ang c chn, v sau trn tab
Task, trong nhm lnh Editing, kch Scroll to Task.
Nh mong i, s phn cng mi v nhim v ca Luis Sousa xut hin trong qu ti

nguyn.
Khi qu ti nguyn c m trong Project, bt k s thay i no m bn thc hin ti
cc s phn cng v ti nguyn hoc cc thng tin khc v ti nguyn trong bt k k hoch chia
s no s ngay lp tc hin th trong tt c cc k hoch chia s khc ang c m ra v qu
ti nguyn. Bn khng cn phi chuyn i gia cc k hoch chia s v qu ti nguyn nh bn
lm trong phn ny kim tra cc s phn cng ti nguyn c cp nht.
Chng XX
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20.4. Cp nht cc thng tin v mt ti nguyn trong qu ti nguyn

Mt li ch quan trng khc ca vic s dng mt qu ti nguyn l n cung cp cho bn
mt v tr trung tm m ti bn nhp cc thng tin chi tit v ti nguyn, chng hn nh cc
mc lng v thi gian lm vic. Khi thng tin ca mt ti nguyn c cp nht trong qu ti
nguyn, thng tin mi ny s c sn trong tt c cc k hoch chia s. iu ny c th c bit hu
ch trong cc c quan t chc c s lng ln cc ti nguyn lm vic trong nhiu d n. Trong
cc c quan t chc ln, nhng ngi nh cc nh qun l ngang hng, nh qun l ti nguyn
hoc nhn vin trong mt vn phng d n thng chu trch nhim gi cho thng tin chung v
ti nguyn c cp nht mi nht.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, Willian Flash ni vi bn rng anh
y s khng sn sng lm vic vo ngy 3 v 4 thng 9 bi v anh y c k hoch tham d mt
cuc hi tho. V bn mun ghi chp li ngoi l v lch ny ch mt ln trong qu ti nguyn.
Trong v d ny, bn cp nht thi gian lm vic ca mt ti nguyn trong qu ti nguyn
v xem cc thay i trong cc k hoch chia s.
Bc 1: Trong k hoch Lucerne Resource Pool, chn tn ca ti nguyn 8, William Flash.
Bc 2: Cun thanh cun ngang trong phn li pha thi gian ca khung nhn sang bn
phi cho n khi cc s phn cng ca William cho tun 30 thng 8 ( 30 Aug15) xut hin.
Hp thoi Change Working Time xut hin.
Bc 4: Trong hp chn c nhn For calendar, chc chn rng William Flash ang c
chn.
Lch ti nguyn ca William xut hin trong hp thoi Change Working Time. William
ni vi bn rng anh y khng sn sng lm vic vo ngy th 5 ngy 3 thng 9 v th 6
ngy 4 thng 9.
Bc 5: Trn tab Exception trong hp thoi Change Working Time, kch vo dng u
tin bn di Name v g William at Workshop.
Miu t cho ngoi l v lch ny l mt li nhc nh hu ch cho bn cc nhng ngi
khc, nhng ngi c th xem k hoch sau .
Bc 6: Kch vo trng d liu Start cng hng v g hoc chn 3/9/15.
Bc 7: Kch vo trng d liu Finish cng hng v g hoc chn 4/9/15 v sau nhn
phm Enter.
Chng XX
332
Bc 8: Bm nt OK ng hp thoi Change Working Time.

By gi, William khng c ln tin lm vic vo nhng ngy ny ( trc th anh
y c ln tin ).
kim tra rng thit lp v thi gian khng lm vic ca William c cp nhp trong
cc k hoch chia s, bn s nhn vo thi gian lm vic ca anh y trong mt trong k hoch chia
s.
Consolidating A.
Bc 10: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Chang Working Time.
Bc 11: Trong hp chn c nhn For calendar, chn William Flash.
Trong tab Exception, bn c th nhn thy rng ngy 3 v 4 thng 9 c nh du l
khng lm vic i vi William, s thay i ti thi gian lm vic ca ti nguyn ny trong qu
ti nguyn c cp nht trong cc k hoch chia s.
Chng XX
333
Lu : nhanh chng cun lch ti trang cha thng 9 nm 2015 trong hp thoi Change
Working Time, ch cn chn tn (D liu trong trng d liu thuc ct Name) hoc ngy bt
u (Start) hoc kt thc (Finish) ca ngoi l v lch ca William.
Bc 12: Bm nt Cancel ng hp thoi Change Working Time.
20.5. Cp nht thi gian lm vic ca tt c cc k hoch trong mt qu

ti nguyn
Trong v d phn trc, bn thay i thi gian lm vic c nhn ca mt ti nguyn
trong qu ti nguyn v bn thy s thay i c gi ti mt k hoch chia s. Mt kh
nng mnh m khc ca qu ti nguyn l cho php bn thay i thi gian lm vic cho mt
lch c s v xem cc thay i c cp nht ti tt c cc k hoch chia s m s dng b lch
ny. V d, nu bn ch r rng nhng ngy nht nh no ( chng hn nh nhng ngy ngh l)
l nhng ngy khng lm vic trong qu ti nguyn th nhng thay i s c gi n tt c
cc k hoch chia s.
Quan trng: Theo mc nh, tt c cc k hoch chia s u chia s cng loi lch c s, v
bt k s thay i no m bn thc hin ti mt lch c s trong mt k hoch chia s no
s c phn nh trong tt c cc k hoch chia s khc thng qua qu ti nguyn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, ton b cng ty s c tham d mt
hi ch sch a phng vo ngy 17 thng 8. Bn mun y s l mt ngy khng lm vic i
vi tt c cc k hoch chia s.
Trong v d ny, bn thit lp mt thi gian khng lm vic trong mt lch c s trong qu
ti nguyn v bn nhn thy s thay i ny trong tt c cc k hoch chia s.
Lucerne Resource Pool.
Bc 3: Trong hp chn c nhn For Calendar, chn Standard (Project Calendar) t danh
sch th xung.
Chng XX
334

Lu : Cc lch c s nh 24Hours ( 24 ting), Night Shift ( Ca m) v Standard ( tiu
chun) xut hin pha trn cng ca danh sch trong hp chn For Calnedar. Cc ci tn ca
lch ti nguyn xut hin pha di cc lch c s.
Cc thay i v thi gian lm vic trong lch c s Standard trong qu ti nguyn nh
hng ti tt c cc k hoch m l k hoch chia s ca qu ti nguyn.
Bc 4: Trn tab Exceptions trong hp thoi Change Time Working, kch vo hng u
tin bn di nhn Name v g Local book fair.
Bc 5: Kch trng d liu di nhn Start cng hng v g hoc chn 17/8/15, v sau
kch vo trng d liu Finish cng hng.
Project in gi tr tng t trong trng d liu Finish.
Bc 6: Bm vo nt OK ng hp thoi Change Working Time.

kim tra rng s thay i ny ti lch c s Standard trong qu ti nguyn c cp
nhp trong cc k hoch chia s, bn s nhn vo thi gian lm vic trong mt trong s cc k
hoch chia s.
Consolidating A.
Bc 9: Trong hp chn For Calendar, chc chn rng Standard (Project Calendar) ang
c chn trong danh sch th xung.
Ch ti ngoi l lch Local book fair ( trong tab Exceptions) vo ngy 17 thng 8. Tt c
cc k hoch m l k hoch chia s ca cng mt qu ti nguyn u s nhn thy s thay i ny
trong lch c s ny.
Chng XX
335
Bc 10: Bm vo nt Cancel ng hp thoi Change Working Time.

Nu bn mun, bn c th chuyn sang k hoch Consolidating B v kim tra rng ngy
17 thng 8 cng l mt ngy khng lm vic i vi k hoch ny.
Bc 11: ng v lu cc thay i ti tt c cc k hoch ang c m ra, bao gm c
qu ti nguyn.
Quan trng: Khi lm vic vi cc k hoch chia s v mt qu ti nguyn, bn cn phi
hiu rng khi bn m mt k hoch chia s, bn cng cn phi m qu ti nguyn nu bn mun
k hoch chia s c cp nht nhng thay i gn y nht ti qu ti nguyn. V d, gi s
rng bn thay i thi gian lm vic ca lch d n trong qu ti nguyn, sau lu li v ng
n. Nu sau bn m mt k hoch chia s nhng li khng m qu ti nguyn th k hoch chia
s s khng phn nh c thi gian lm vic c cp nht ca lch d n.
20.6. Lin kt cc k hoch mi ti mt qu ti nguyn

Bn c th bin mt k hoch thnh mt k hoch chia s cho mt qu ti nguyn bt c
lc no: Vo lc ban u khi nhp cc nhim v ca k hoch; sau khi bn phn cng cc ti
nguyn ti cc nhim v; hoc thm ch sau khi s lm vic bt u. Sau khi bn thit lp mt qu
ti nguyn, bn c th thy rng n rt hu ch khi bin cc k hoch mi thnh cc k hoch chia
s ca n cng vi cc k hoch chia s to ra n. Bng cch ny, bn quen dn vi vic s
dng cc thng tin ti nguyn t qu ti nguyn.
Mt li th tit kim thi gian r rng nht ca vic to ra cc k hoch mi l cc k hoch
chia s ca mt qu ti nguyn l cc thng tin v ti nguyn thng tin ca bn l sn c ngay lp
tc. Bn khng cn phi nhp li cc d liu v ti nguyn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn sp sa bt u ln mt k hoch
cho mt d n mi. Bn mun k hoch mi ny l mt k hoch chia s ca qu ti nguyn ca
bn n nhn c cc thng tin ti nguyn c trong qu ti nguyn.
Trong v d ny, bn to ra mt k hoch v bin n thnh mt k hoch chia s ca qu
ti nguyn.
Bc 1: Trong khung nhn Backstage, kch Open.
Giao din Open xut hin.
Chng XX
336

Bc 2: Dn ng dn n th mc Practices/Chapter 20 v m tp tin Lucerne Resource
Pool.
Lu : Ngoi ra, bn c th chn tn ca tp tin t danh sch Recent Project trong giao
din Open.
Khi bn m tp tin qu ti nguyn, Project nhc bn la chn cch thc m bn mun m
n.
Quan trng: Ty chn mc nh l m tp tin qu ti nguyn dng ch c (read-only). Bn
c th mun chn ty chn ny nu bn v nhng ngi s dng Project khc ang chia s cng
mt qu ti nguyn trong mt mng ni b. Bng cch , bn s khng ngn chn nhng ngi
dng khc cp nht qu ti nguyn. Tuy nhin, nu bn lu tr qu ti nguyn mang tnh cht cc
b ( trn my tnh ca bn chng hn) th bn nn m n l c v ghi (read-write).
Bc 3: Kch chn vo ty chn th hai m qu ti nguyn dng c v ghi.
Bc 4: Bm nt OK.
Qu ti nguyn c m vi khung nhn Resource Usage c hin th.
Khi lm vic vi mt qu ti nguyn, bn c th mun xem danh sch cc k hoch chia
s ca n. ( c bit l nu nhng ngi dng Project khc truy cp cng tp tin qu ti nguyn).
Bn s lm iu bc tip theo.
kch Share Resources.
Cc gi tr v ng dn trong hp chn c nhn Sharing Links m bn nhn thy c th
khc vi hnh minh ha y.
Bi v qu ti nguyn l k hoch ang c m ra nn hp thoi Share Resources cha

ng cc ng dn v tn cc tp tin ca cc k hoch chia s ca n. Nu bn mun ph v mt
mi lin kt ti mt k hoch chia s th bn c th lm iu y.
Chng XX
337

Bc 6: Bm vo nt Cancel ng hp thoi Share Resources.
Tip theo, bn s nhn vo danh sch cc ti nguyn trong qu ti nguyn. Bn mong mun
cc ti nguyn tng t nh vy tr nn sn c trong bt k k hoch mi no khi m bn bin
n thnh mt k hoch chia s ca qu ti nguyn ny.
Khung nhn Resource Sheet xut hin. y l thng tin s tr nn sn c trong bt k k
hoch mi no m bn bin n thnh mt k hoch chia s ca qu ti nguyn ny.
Bc 8: Trn tab File, kch New v sau chn Blank Project.
Project to mt d n mi.
Bc 10: Hp thoi Save As xut hin.
Dn ng dn ti th mc Practices/Chapter 20.
Bc 11: Trong hp nhp c nhn Filename, g Consolidating C v sau bm vo nt
Save.
Hp thoi Assign Resources ban u trng rng bi v bn cha nhp bt k thng tin ti
nguyn no vo trong k hoch ny.
Bc 13: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Assignment, kch Resource Pool v sau
kch Share Resources.
Bc 14: Bn trong khu vc di nhn Resource for Consolidating C, kch chn ty chn
Use resources.
Bc 15: Chc chn rng Lucerne Resource Pool ang c chn trong hp chn c nhn
From v sau bm nt OK ng hp thoi Share Resources.
Trong hp thoi Assign Resources, bn nhn thy rng tn ca tt c cc ti nguyn m
bn nhn thy trong qu ti nguyn xut hin trong hp thoi ny.
Chng XX
338

By gi cc ti nguyn ny sn sng c phn cng ti cc nhim v mi trong k
hoch ny.
Bc 17: Trn tab File, kch Close. Khi mt hp thoi nhc nh xut hin, chn Yes lu
li nhng thay i ca bn.
K hoch Consolidating C ng li v k hoch Lucerne Resource Pool vn ang c
m ra.
Bc 18: Trn tab File, kch Close. Khi mt hp thoi nhc nh xut hin, chn Yes lu
li nhng thay i ca bn ti qu ti nguyn.
Quan trng: Bn lu li cc thay i ti qu ti nguyn bi v n ghi li tn v v tr ca
cc k hoch chia s ca n.
Lu : Thng tin v s phn cng ca mt k hoch chia s c sao chp chnh xc trong
qu ti nguyn ca n. Nu mt k hoch chia s b xa, cc thng tin v s phn cng ca n vn
cn trong qu ti nguyn. xa cc thng tin v s phn cng ny khi qu ti nguyn, bn phi
ph v lin kt ti k hoch chia s . lm iu ny, m tp tin qu ti nguyn dng ReadWrite (c v ghi). Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Assignments, kch Resource Pool, v sau
chn Share Resources. Trong hp thoi Share Resources, kch chn vo tn ca k hoch chia
s hin gi b xa ri bm vo nt Break Link. Lu rng nhng g m bn nhn thy trong
hp thoi Share Resources i vi mt qu ti nguyn s khng ging vi nhng g m bn nhn
thy trong cc k hoch chia s.
20.7. Thay i cc s phn cng trong k hoch chia s v cp nhp ti

mt qu ti nguyn
Nu bn ang chia s mt qu ti nguyn vi nhng ngi s dng Project khc trn mt
mng ni b, th bt c ai m m qu ti nguyn dng read-write s ngn cn nhng ngi khc
cp nht thng tin ca ti nguyn, chng hn nh cc mc lng trung bnh, hoc to ra cc k
hoch chia s mi khc cho qu ti nguyn . V l do ny, bn nn m qu ti nguyn dng
read-only (ch c), v s dng lnh Update Resource Pool ch khi bn thy cn phi cp nht cc
thng tin v s phn cng cho qu ti nguyn. Lnh ny s cp nht cho qu ti nguyn cc thng
tin mi v s phn cng; mt khi iu c thc hin th bt k ai khc m qu ti nguyn
s thy nhng thng tin mi nht v s phn cng.
Trong chng ny, bn ch ang lm vic vi mt qu ti nguyn v cc k hoch chia s
mt cch cc b. Nu bn ang chun b chia s mt qu ti nguyn vi nhng ngi s dng
Project khc trn mt mng ni b th bn cn phi hiu qu trnh cp nht. V d ny s gii thiu
ti bn qu trnh .
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn mun th cc lnh ca Project
gi cc cp nht v s phn cng t mt k hoch chia s ti qu ti nguyn. Nu sau bn quyt
nh cung cp quyn truy cp ti qu ti nguyn ny cho cc ngi dng Project, bn s bit lm
th no cp nht n theo yu cu.
Trong v d ny, bn thay i mt vi s phn cng trong mt k hoch chia s v sau
gi cc thng tin v s phn cng c cp nht ti qu ti nguyn.
Bc 1: Trong giao din Backstage, kch Open.
Bc 2: Dn n th mc Practices/Chapter 20 v m tp tin Consolidating A.
Bi v k hoch ny l mt k hoch chia s c lin kt ti mt qu ti nguyn nn
Project a cho bn cc la chn c hin th nh hnh minh ha di y.
Chng XX
339
Bc 3: Chn Open resource pool to see assignments across all sharer files v sau bm
nt OK.
Lu : Ty chn th hai, Do not open other files, cho php bn nhn thy cc s phn cng
ch trong k hoch chia s ny.
Qu ti nguyn cng ngm c m ra dng read-only. (Nu bn mun xc minh iu
ny, hy nhn vo cc mc c trong lnh Switch Windows trn tab View). Tip theo, bn s thay
i mt s s phn cng trong k hoch chia s ny.
Bc 4: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Assignments, kch Resources Assign.
Hp thoi Assign Resources xut hin. u tin, bn s phn cng mt ti nguyn ti mt
nhim v.
Bc 5: Trong ct c nhn Task Name, chn tn ca nhim v 3, Complete author
questionnaire.
Bc 6: Trong ct c nhn Resource Name trong hp thoi Assign Resources, chn Hany
Morcos v sau bm nt Assign.
Project phn cng Hany ti nhim v.
Tip theo, bn s g b mt ti nguyn ra khi mt nhim v.

Bc 7: Trong ct c nhn Task Name, chn tn ca nhim v 5, Design and order
marketing material.
Bc 8: Trong ct c nhn Resource Name trong hp thoi Assign Resources, chn Toby
Nixon ( ang nm khu vc pha trn ca ct Resource Name) v sau bm nt Remove.
Project g b Toby ra khi nhim v ny.
Chng XX
340
Bn to ra hai s thay i v phn cng trong k hoch chia s. Bi v qu ti nguyn

ang c m dng read-only, nn nhng thay i ny cha c lu c nh trong qu ti
nguyn. Tip theo, bn s cp nht ti qu ti nguyn.
Bc 9: Trn tab Resource, trong nhm lnh Assignments, kch Resource Pool, v sau
chn Update Resource Pool.
Ngm bn trong, Project cp nht cc thng tin v s phn cng trong qu ti nguyn vi
nhng thng tin chia tit mi trong k hoch chia s ny v sau lu qu ti nguyn. By gi,
bt c ai khc m hoc lm mi (refresh) qu ti nguyn s thy cc thng tin v s phn cng
c cp nht.
Quan trng: Ch mi thng tin v s phn cng t cc k hoch chia s c lu vo qu
ti nguyn. Bt k s thay i no m bn thc hin ti cc thng tin chi tit ca ti nguyn,
chng hn nh cng sut lm vic ti a, trong k hoch chia s s khng c lu vo qu ti
nguyn khi bn cp nht. Khi bn mun thay i cc thng tin chi tit ca ti nguyn, hy m qu
ti nguyn dng read-write. Sau khi n c m dng read-write, bn c th thay i cc chi
tit ca ti nguyn trong qu ti nguyn hoc k hoch chia s, v cc k hoch chia s khc s
c cp nht.
Tip theo, bn s thay i mt s phn cng khc trong k hoch chia s, ng k hoch
chia s v sau cp nht qu ti nguyn.
Bc 10: Trong ct Task Name, chn tn ca nhim v 8, Kickoff book launch meeting.
Bc 11: Trong ct Resource Name ca hp thoi Assign Resources, chn Carole Poland
v sau bm nt Assign.
Project phn cng Carole ti nhim v ny.
Chng XX
341

Bc 13: Trn tab File, kch Close.
Bc 14: Khi mt hp thoi nhc nh lu cc thay i ti k hoch Consolidating A, chn
Yes.
Project xc nh rng, do qu ti nguyn ca n ang c m ra dng read-only nn
nhng thay i v s phn cng mi nht trong k hoch chia s ny khng c cp nht trong
qu ti nguyn. Bn c Project a ra cc la chn c hin th nh trong hp thng bo sau.
Bc 15: Bm nt OK.
Vic bm nt OK khin Project lu cc thng tin v s phn cng c cp nht trong
k hoch chia s ti qu ti nguyn, cng ging nh bn lm trc trong phn ny ( s
dng lnh Update Resource Pool ). Qu ti nguyn vn ang c m ra dng read-only.
Bc 16: Trn tab File, kch Close ng li qu ti nguyn.
Bi v qu ti nguyn ang c m ra dng read-only nn Project ng n m khng
nhc nh bn lu cc thay i.
Lu : Ngoi vic bn gi cc cp nht ti qu ti nguyn ca bn, nhng ngi s dng
Project khc l nhng ngi cng chia s qu ti nguyn chung vi bn cng c th nhn c
nhng thng tin mi nht cho mnh bt c khi no h mun. lm iu , h chn Refresh
Resource Pool trong nhm lnh Resource Pool trn tab Resource.
Khi chia s mt qu ti nguyn vi nhng ngi s dng Project khc, hy chc chn cp
nht qu ti nguyn vi cc thng tin v s phn cng mi nht. Cc s phn cng c cp nht
c th nh hng n s phn b ti nguyn trong tt c cc k hoch khc.
Chng XX
342
20.8. Hp nht cc k hoch

Rt c th bn s thy mnh qun l nhiu k hoch m c dnh dng n cng mt s ti
nguyn v c th lin quan n cng mt mc tiu tng th hoc cng s chuyn giao ca c quan
t chc ca bn. Mc d mt qu ti nguyn c th gip bn qun l cc thng tin chi tit ca ti
nguyn gia cc k hoch khc nhau, nhng n c th khng cung cp cho bn mc kim sot
m bn mun ln cc nhim v v cc mi quan h gia cc k hoch. Hoc bn c th ang phi
iu phi mt s ngi lm vic trong cc nhim v ti nhng thi im khc nhau, i khi
nhng a im khc nhau v thng cho nhng ngi gim st khc nhau. Trong tt c cc trng
hp ny, bn c th cn phi a ra mt khung nhn tt c trong mt ring bit nhng c lin
quan n cc k hoch.
Mt cch thch hp ha hp ton b cc thng tin ca cc d n li vi nhau l s dng
mt k hoch hp nht. y l mt k hoch m cha ng k hoch khc, c gi l cc k
hoch chn-Inserted project. Cc k hoch chn khng c tr trong k hoch hp nht; ng hn
l chng c lin kt vi k hoch hp nht trong mt cch thc m chng c th c xem v
chnh sa t . Nu mt k hoch c chnh sa bn ngoi k hoch hp nht, cc thng tin
c cp nht s xut hin trong k hoch hp nht ln m ra tip theo ca n ( ngha l ng
n li v m n ra ln na).
Lu : Cc k hoch hp nht cn c gi l cc d n hp nht hoc cc d n tng thMaster project v cc k hoch chn gi l cc d n con-Subproject.
S dng cc k hoch hp nht cho php bn lm nhng iu sau y:
- Nhn thy tt cc nhim v c trong tt c cc k hoch ca c quan bn trong mt khung
nhn duy nht.
- Cun cc thng tin ln cc cp qun l cao hn. V d, bn c th chn mt k hoch
ca nhm ca bn (cp nhm) vo k hoch hp nht cp phng ( v d phng qun l d
n) v sau chn k hoch vo k hoch hp nht cp c quan t chc ( cp cng ty).
- Chia d liu d n ca bn thnh cc k hoch khc nhau ph hp vi bn cht ca d
n ca bn, chng hn nh chia theo giai on, thnh phn, hoc a im. Sau , bn c th ha
hp cc thng tin li vi nhau thnh mt k hoch hp nht c mt ci nhn ton din v ton
b d n.
- Xem tt c cc thng tin ca cc k hoch ca bn mt v tr m bn c th lc, sp xp
v phn nhm d liu.
Cc k hoch hp nht s dng tnh nng trnh by theo dng cng-Outline ca
Project. Mt k hoch chn xut hin nh mt nhim v khi qut trong k hoch hp nht, ngoi
tr vic thanh bar Grantt ca nhim v khi qut ca n c mu xm v mt biu tng d n
chn xut hin trong ct ch th-Indicators. Khi bn lu mt k hoch hp nht, bn cng s c
nhc nh lu li bt k thay i no m bn cng thc hin ti cc k hoch chn.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, i khi bn cn phi nhn vo cc thng
tin c tri rng trn cc d n ring bit nhng c lin quan cht ch vi nhau. c c mt
khung nhn tt c trong mt cho ton b cc k hoch, bn quyt nh thm chng ti mt k
hoch hp nht.
Trong v d ny, bn to ra mt k hoch hp nht mi bng cch chn cc k hoch khc.
Bc 1: Trn giao din Backstage ca tab New trn tab File, chn Blank Projet.
Project to ra mt k hoch mi. K hoch ny s tr thnh k hoch hp nht m bn
chn cc k hoch khc vo.
Bc 2: Trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Group, kch Subproject.
Hp thoi Insert Projet xut hin.
Chng XX
343

Bc 3: Dn n th mc Practices/Chapter 20 v trong khi ang nhn v gi phm Ctrl,
chn Consolidating A v Consolidating B.
Bc 4: Bm nt Insert.
Project chn hai k hoch ny vo trong k hoch hp nht l cc nhim v khi qut
dng cng thu li (collapse).
Project hin th cc thanh bar Gantt ca cc k hoch chn.
Tip theo, bn s lu k hoch hp nht mi ny.

Bc 7: Dn n th mc Practices/Chapter 20 .
Bc 8: Trong hp nhp c nhn File Name, g Lucerne Consolidated Project v sau
bm nt Save.
Tip theo, bn s hin th cc thng tin chi tit ca hai k hoch chn.
Bc 9: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Data, kch Outline v sau chn All Subtasks.
Hp thoi Open Resource Pool Informtion xut hin. Project hi bn c mun m qu
ti nguyn hay khng. Project thc s vn cha ti ni dung ca cc k hoch chn v hin th
cc nhim v con trong k hoch hp nht na n nh l ang m chng.
Bc 10: Chc chn rng ty chn Open resource pool to see assignement across all sharer
files ang c chn, v sau bm nt OK.
Project bung hai k hoch chn ra. Lu rng cc s ID ca cc nhim v trong c k
hoch chn u bt u t s 1, v cc nhim v khi qut i din cho cc k hoch chn cng c
s ID l 1 v 2.
Tip theo, bn s nhn vo cc thng tin chi tit c cc k hoch chn.
Project iu chnh thi gian biu-Timescale trong phn biu Gantt ton b thi hn
thc hin ca hai k hoch chn c th c nhn thy trong khung nhn.
Chng XX
344
kt thc v d ny, bn s hin th nhim v tng qut ca d n ca k hoch hp nht.

Bc 12: Trn tab Format, trong nhm lnh Show/Hide, kch Project Summary Task.
Project hin nhim nhim v tng qut ca d n ca k hoch hp nht.
Cc gi tr ca nhim v tng qut ca d n ny, chng hn nh thi hn thc hin v thi

gian lm vic, i din cho gi tr c cun ln ca c hai k hoch chn.
Bc 13: ng v lu cc thay i ti tt c cc tp tin c m ra.
Lu : to ra mt k hoch hp nht v chn vo cc k hoch ang c m trong
Project mt cch nhanh chng, vo tab View, trong nhm lnh Windows, kch New Window.
Trong hp chn bn di nhn Project trong hp thoi New Window, chn cc k hoch ang
c m ra m bn mun chn v sau bm vo nt OK.
Chng XX
345

Khi bn pht trin nhiu k hoch, vic chn chng vo trong mt k hoch hp nht theo
cch ny mang li cho bn mt v tr duy nht m c th xem tt c cc hot ng ca c quan
t chc ca bn.
20.9. To ra s ph thuc gia cc k hoch

Hu ht cc d n khng th tn ti mt cch trng khng. Cc nhim v hoc cc giai
on trong mt d n c th ph thuc vo cc nhim v trong cc d n khc. Bn c th hin th
cc s ph thuc nh th bng cch lin kt cc nhim v gia cc k hoch.
Nhng l do m bn cn phi to ra s ph thuc gia cc k hoch bao gm nhng iu
sau y:
- Vic hon thnh ca mt nhim v trong mt k hoch c th cho php bt u mt nhim
v trong mt k hoch khc.
V d, mt ngi qun l khc ca d n c th cn phi hon thnh mt bo co tc ng
mi trng trc khi bn c th bt u xy dng mt ta nh. Thm ch nu hai nhim v ny
c qun l trong nhng k hoch ring bit (c l v c cc b phn ring bit ca cng ty c
to ra hon thnh chng), th mt trong k hoch c th c mt s ph thuc logic vo k
hoch cn li.
- Mt ngi hoc mt thit b c th c phn cng ti mt nhim v trong mt k hoch,
v bn cn phi tr hon s bt u ca mt nhim v trong k hoch khc cho n khi ti nguyn
hon thnh nhim v u tin ca n. Hai nhim v ny c th khng c im g chung ngoi
vic l cn ti nguyn . Mi quan h v nhim v gia cc k hoch trng tng t nh mi lin
kt gia cc nhim v trong cng mt k hoch, ngoi tr cc nhim v tin nhim v nhim v
k nhim bn ngoi c tn nhim v v thanh bar Gantt l mu xm ( thnh thong cn gi l cc
nhim v ma). Cc nhim v bn ngoi nh vy khng lin kt n cc nhim v trong k hoch
khc m ch lin kt vi cc nhim v bn trong k hoch cha chng.
Nhim v: Ti nh xut bn Lucerne Publishing, bn xc nh rng s hon thnh ca
mt nhim v trong mt k hoch l cn thit trc mt nhim v trong mt k hoch khc c th
bt u Bn quyt nh to ra mt lin kt d n cho gia hai k hoch ny.
Trong v d ny, bn lin kt cc nhim v gia hai k hoch v xem kt qu trong cc k
hoch cng nh trong mt k hoch hp nht.
Giao din Open xut hin.
Bc 2: Dn n th mc Practices/Chapter 20, v m tp tin Consolidating B.
Hp thoi Open Resource Pool xut hin.
Bc 3: Chn ty chn Open resource pool to see assignement across all sharer files v
sau bm nt OK.
Bc 4: Trn tab File, kch Open.
Bc 5: Dn n th mc Practices/Chapter 20, v m tp tin Consolidating A.
Ln ny bn khng b nhc nh m qu ti nguyn bi v n c m cng vi tp
tin Consolidating B.
Bc 6: Trong ct Task Name ca k hoch Consolidating A, chn tn ca nhim v 12,
Prepare book sales kit.
Bn cn nhim v ny hon thnh trc khi bn bt u mt nhim v trong k hoch
Consolidating B, v th bn s to ra mt s ph thuc v nhim v gia hai k hoch ny.
Consolidating B.
Chng XX
346

Bc 9: Chn tn ca nhim v 13, Interior illustration design.
Project cun khung nhn Gantt Chart hin th nhim v 13.
Bc 11: Trn tab Task, trong nhm lnh Propeties, kch Information.
Hp thoi Task Information xut hin.
Bc 12: Kch vo tab Predecessors, trc tip ngay bn di gi tr 12 trong trng d
liu ID, g Consolidating A\12 v sau nhn phm Tab.
Lu : Khi bn to ra mt lin kt vi nhim v tin nhim bn ngoi, Project yu cu

nh dng nh sau: File Name\Task ID ( Tn tp tin\s ID ca nhim v).
Project cung cp gi tr External Task cho tn ca nhim v tin nhim mi ( gi tr trong
ct Name) v cc gi tr khc ( Ct Type, Lag).
Bc 13: Bm vo nt OK ng hp thoi Task Information.
Project chn mt nhim v tin nhim bn ngoi tn l Prepare book sales kit vo trong
k hoch. Nhim v bn ngoi ny i din cho nhim v 12 trong k hoch Consolidating A.
Chng XX
347
Lu : Nu bn di chuyn con tr chut ti thanh bar Gantt ca nhim v bn ngoi ny,

Project hin th mt ScreenTip cha ng cc thng tin chi tit v nhim v bn ngoi, bao gm
ng dn y ti k hoch bn ngoi l ni m nhim v tin nhim bn ngoi c tr.
Tip theo, bn s nhn nhim v bn ngoi trong k hoch Consolidating A.
Consolidating A.
Bc 15: Trong ct Task Name, chn nhim v 12, Prepare book sales kit v nhim v 13,
Interior illustrattion design.
Bc 16: Trn tab View, trong nhm lnh Zoom, kch Selected Tasks.
Project iu chnh phn biu ca khung nhn Gantt Chart hin th cc nhim v
ang c chn.
y, bn c th thy rng nhim v 12, Prepare book sales kit, l mt nhim v tin
nhim ca nhim v bn ngoi 13, Interior illustrattion design. Bi v nhim v 13 l mt nhim
v k nhim v khng c cc lin kt no khc vi k hoch ny nn n khng nh hng n
nhim v khc y.
Mi lin kt gia hai k hoch ny s vn cn cho n khi bn ph v n. Xa mt nhim
v trong k hoch ngun hoc mt nhim v bn ngoi trong d n ch s xa nhim v tng
ng hoc nhim v bn ngoi trong k hoch cn li.
Bc 17: ng l lu cc thay i ti tt c cc tp tin ang c m ra.
kt thc v d ny, bn s hin th mi lin kt gia k hoch ny trong k hoch hp
nht.
Chng XX
348

Bc 19: Dn n th mc Practices/Chapter 20, v m tp tin Lucerne Consolidating
Projects.
Hp thoi Open Resource Pool xut hin.
Bc 20: Chn ty chn Open resource pool to see assignement across all sharer files v
sau bm nt OK.
Bc 21: Trong bng tin ca k hoch Chilrens Exercise Book Launch ( k hoch
chn th hai), kch vo biu tng mi tn Expand/Collapse bn cnh tn ca nhim v 1, Planning
Phase n thu li.
Project thu giai on ny li. Bng cch lm ny, bn c th nhn thy c nhim v tin
nhim ln nhim v k nhim trong hai k hoch chn.
Bc 22: Nu cn thit, cun thanh cun ng cho n khi nhim v 14 trong k hoch
chn th nht c nhn thy.
Bn c th nhn thy ng lin kt gia nhim v Prepare book sales kit trong k hoch
chn th nht v nhim v Interior illustrattion design trong k hoch chn th hai.
Bi v bn ang nhn trong mt k hoch hp nht m th hin tt c cc nhim v c trong

c hai k hoch chn nn mi lin kt d n cho khng th hin nh mt nhim v bn ngoi.
Sau y l mt vi li khuyn v gi b sung lm vic vi cc mi lin kt d n cho:
- Bn c th tt s hin th ca cc nhim v bn ngoi nu bn mun. lm iu ny,
vo tab File, kch Options. Trong hp thoi Project Options, trn tab Advanced, bn di khu
vc c nhn Cross project linking option for this project, g b tch chn khi hp kim c nhn
Show exterior predecessors.
- Khi xem mt k hoch hp nht, bn c th nhanh chng to ra cc mi lin kt d n
cho bng cch chn hai nhim v ri kch vo nt Link Tasks trong nhm lnh Schedule trn tab
Task. Hoc di chyn con tr chut ln thanh bar ca mt nhim v, kch-gi v ko ln thanh bar
mun lin kt ri th ra.
- Mi khi bn m mt k hoch m c cc lin kt d n cho, Project nhc nh bn cp
nht cc lin kt d n cho. Bn c th chn s nhc nh ny nu bn khng mun b nhc nh,
hoc bn c th bo Project chp nhn d liu c cp nht t cc k hoch c lin kt mt
Chng XX
349

cch t ng. lm iu ny, trong hp thoi Project Options, trn tab Advanced, bn di khu
vc c nhn Cross project linking option for this project, chn ty chn m bn mun.
- xa mt mi lin kt d n cho, lm nh sau: Ti nhim v k nhim u tin. Trn
tab Task, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Information. Trong hp thoi Task Information, kch
vo tab Predecessors. Trong tab Predecessors, chn s ID ca mi lin kt vi nhim v bn ngoi
v nhn phm Delete.
- xem v qun l tt c cc lin kt ( cc nhim v tin nhim v k nhim bn ngoi)
bn trong v ngoi ca mt k hoch, trn tab Project, trong nhm lnh Properties, kch Links
Between Projects.
Chng XX
350
Mt kha hc ngn v qun l d n
Ph lc A
351

Ph lc ny tp trung vo cc vn c bn ca vic qun l d n, khng quan tm n
bt k cng c phn mm no m bn c th s dng gip bn qun l cc d n. Mc d qun
l d n l mt ch rng ln v phc tp nhng trong ph lc ny, chng ti ch tp trung vo
m hnh tam gic d n. Trong m hnh ny, bn xem xt cc d n v cc mt: thi gian-time,
chi ph-cost v phm vi-scope .
A.1. Hiu nh ngha v mt d n

l mt ngi qun l d n thnh cng i hi bn phi hon thnh d n ng thi
hn, kt thc trong ngn sch, v chc chn rng khch hng ca bn ang hnh phc vi nhng
g bn chuyn giao. iu nghe c v n gin, nhng c bao nhiu d n m bn c nghe
ni n (hoc lm vic trong ) c hon thnh chm, chi ph vt qu nhiu, hoc khng
p ng c nhu cu ca khch hng ?
Cun sch A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (c xut bn bi
vin qun l d n-PMI-M)- c nhc n l PMBOK v pht m l "pimbok" nh ngha
mt d n l "mt n lc tm thi c m trch to ra mt sn phm hay mt dch v c
nht- a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service ". Thng qua nh
ngha ny chng ta s lm r mt d n l g v nhng g khng phi l n.
Lu : bit thm cc thng tin v vin qun l d n (PMI) v PMBOK, xem ph lc
B.
u tin, d n l tm thi-temporary. Thi hn thc hin ca mt d n c th l ch trong
mt tun, hoc n c th ko di trong nhiu nm, nhng mi d n u c mt ngy kt thc. Bn
c th khng bit ngy kt thc ca d n khi n bt u thc hin, nhng n s u trong
tng lai. D n khng ging nh cc hot ng ang din ra, mc d c hai u c rt nhiu im
chung. Hot ng ang din ra, ging nh tn ca n, din ra khng bit n bao gi th kt thc;
bn khng thit lp c mt ngy kt thc. V d, hu ht cc hot ng ca b phn k ton v
b phn nhn s l nhng hot ng ang din ra. Nhng ngi iu hnh cc hot ng ang
din ra cng c th qun l cc d n; V d, mt ngi qun l ca b phn nhn s cho mt c
quan t chc ln c th ln k hoch cho ngy hi tuyn sinh i hc. Tuy nhin, d n c phn
bit vi cc hot ng ang din ra bi mt ngy kt thc mong i, chng hn nh ngy kt thc
ca ngy hi tuyn sinh.
Tip theo, d n l mt s n lc-endeavor. Cc ti nguyn, chng hn nh con ngi v
thit b, cn phi lm vic. S n lc c m trch-undertaken bi mt nhm ngi hoc mt
c quan t chc (cng ty), v do cc d n cn c mt ngha l cc s kin c ch c ln
k hoch. Cc d n thnh cng khng xy ra mt cch t nhin, mt s s chun b v ln k
hoch xy ra u tin.
Cui cng, tt c cc d n u to ra mt sn phm hay mt dch v c nht- create a
unique product or service. y l s chuyn giao ca d n v l l do m d n c thc
hin. Mt nh my lc ha du khng sn xut mt sn phm c nht. Ton b tng, trong
trng hp ny, l sn xut mt loi hng ha c tiu chun ha; bn thng khng mun mua
xng t mt cy xng du no m n khc vi loi xng cc cy khc. Mt khc, my bay
thng mi l nhng sn phm c nht. Mc d tt c cc my bay Boeing 787 Dreamliner c
th trng chng ging hu ht vi nhau, nhng trn thc t th mi chng c ty bin cao theo
cc yu cu ca ngi mua n.
By gi, bn c th nhn ra rng hu nh cc cng vic ang din ra trn th gii l d ncng vic c nh hng. Thc ra, mt phn ng k trong cng vic ca bn c th c coi
l qun l d n, ngay c khi khng phi l chc danh ngh nghip ca bn.
Qun l d n c cng nhn l mt ngh trong nhiu thp k, nhng cng tc qun
l d n trong mt s hnh thi c din ra khi mi ngi lm cc cng vic phc tp. Khi cc
kim t thp ln nht ti Giza Ai Cp c xy dng, ai u theo di ti nguyn, tin
v cc thng s k thut theo mt s cch thc no .
Ph lc A
352
A.2. Tam gic d n: Xem xt d n v mt thi gian, chi ph v phm vi

Bn c th hnh dung cng vic ca d n trong rt nhiu cch, nhng phng php a
thch ca chng ti l mt ci g m i khi c gi l tam gic d n-project triangle hoc
tam gic ca b ba rng buc-triangle of triple constrains.
Chi ph
Thi gian
Phm vi
Ch ny c rt nhiu bin th, nhng quan nim nn tng l mi d n u c mt s

yu t rng buc v thi gian, c mt s loi hnh ngn sch, v i hi mt s s lng cng vic
cn phi hon thnh (ni cch khc, n c mt phm vi c xc nh). Thut ng rng bucconstraint c mt ngha c th trong Project, nhng y chng ti ang s dng ngha tng
qut hn l "yu t gii hn".
Hy xem xt nhng rng buc ny cng mt lc.
* Thi gian
bao gi bn lm vic trong mt d n m n c mt thi hn cht? Thi gian b gii
hn l mt trong nhng rng buc ca bt k d n no v l yu t m c l chng ta quen
thuc nht. Nu ngay by gi, bn ang lm vic trong mt d n, hy hi cc thnh vin trong
nhm ca bn v ngy hn cht ca d n. H c th khng bit v ngn sch ca d n hoc phm
vi cng vic mt cch chi tit nht, nhng rt c th l tt c h u bit cc thi hn cht c lin
quan n mnh v c l cng bit thi hn cht ca ton d n.
Sau y l cc v d v cc rng buc thi v thi gian.
- Bn ang xy dng mt ngi nh v phi hon thnh phn mi trc khi ma ma n.
- Bn ang lp rp mt gian hng trng by ln cho mt hi ch thng mi s bt u
trong hai thng.
- Bn c ang pht trin mt h thng theo di-kim k mi m n phi c kim tra v
chy ti thi im bt u ca nm ti chnh tip theo.
T khi chng ta l nhng a tr, chng ta c hun luyn hiu v thi gian. Chng
ta mang theo ng h eo tay, h s ti liu hoc my tnh, v cc cng c khc gip chng ta
qun l thi gian. i vi nhiu d n to ra mt sn phm hoc mt s kin th thi gian l rng
buc quan trng nht qun l.
* Chi ph
Bn c th n gin ngh chi ph l tin bc, nhng trong ng cnh ca d n, chi ph c
mt ngha rng ln hn: Cc chi ph tnh n tt c cc ti nguyn cn thit thc hin d n.
Cc chi ph tnh n con ngi v thit b lm cc cng vic, cc vt liu c s dng, v tt
c cc s kin v cc vn khc m cn n tin.
Sau y l nhng v d v cc rng buc v chi ph:
- Bn k mt hp ng vi gi c nh pht trin mt trang web thng mi in t
cho khch hng. Nu chi ph ca bn vt qu tha thun gi c trong hp ng, khch hng ca
bn c th thng cm, nhng anh y hoc c y chc chn s khng mun m phn li hp ng.
- Ch tch cng ty ca bn ch o bn thc hin mt d n nghin cu khch hng m
Ph lc A
353

ch s dng nhn vin v thit b trong b phn ca bn.
- Bn nhn c mt khon ti tr 5.000 USD to ra mt m hnh ngh thut cng
cng. Ngoi ta bn khng c ngun qu no khc.
i vi hu nh tt c cc d n, rt cc th chi ph l mt rng buc b gii hn.
* Phm vi
Bn nn xem xt hai kha cnh ca phm vi: Phm vi ca sn phm v phm vi ca d n.
Mi d n thnh cng u to ra mt sn phm duy nht: mt mt hng hoc mt dch v c th.
Cc khch hng thng c mt s mong i v cc tnh nng v chc nng ca sn phm m h
xem xt mua. Phm vi ca sn phm m t cht lng, cc tnh nng v chc nng d nh ca
sn phm mt cch chi tit. Ti liu phc tho cc thng tin ny i khi c gi l cc thng s
k thut ca sn phm. Mt dch v hoc s kin cng thng c mt s tnh nng c mong
i. Chng ta u c nhng mong i v nhng g chng ta s lm hoc s nhn thy ti mt ba
tic, bui ha nhc, hoc s kin th thao.
Mt khc, Phm vi ca d n m t cc cng vic cn thit cung cp mt sn phm hoc
dch v vi phm vi sn phm c d nh. Phm vi ca d n thng c o bng cc giai
on v cc nhim v.
Sau y l nhng v d v rng buc v phm vi:
- Cng ty ca bn ginh c mt hp ng pht trin mt sn phm t c cc yu cu
v chnh xc, v d, chnh xc v kch thc l 0,01 mm. y l mt rng buc v phm vi
ca sn phm m s nh hng ti cc k hoch v phm vi ca d n.
- Bn ang xy dng mt ta nh trn mt l t b hn ch chiu cao ta nh l 50 m.
- Bn ch c th s dng cc dch v ni b pht trin mt phn ca sn phm ca bn,
v cc dch v ny li i theo mt phng php pht trin sn phm khc vi nhng g bn ln
k hoch.
Phm vi ca sn phm v phm vi ca d n lin quan cht ch vi nhau. Ngi qun l
d n l ngi qun l phm vi ca d n cng nn hiu phm vi ca sn phm hoc nn bit lm
th no truyn ti phm vi ca sn phm ti nhng ngi lm ra n.
A.3. Qun l cc rng buc ca d n: Thi gian, chi ph v phm vi

Vic qun l d n tr nn th v nht l khi bn phi cn bng c cc rng buc v:
Thi gian, chi ph v phm vi ca cc d n ca bn. Tam gic d n minh ha qu trnh cn bng
cc rng buc bi v ba cnh ca tam gic c lin kt vi nhau v s thay i mt cnh ca tam
gic s nh hng n t nht mt cnh bn khc.
Sau y l nhng v d ca s cn cc rng buc:
- Nu thi hn thc hin ( rng buc v thi gian) trong tin d n ca bn gim, bn
c th cn phi tng ngn sch (rng buc v chi ph) bi v bn phi thu thm cc ti nguyn
lm cng cc cng vic trong thi gian ngn hn. Nu bn khng th tng ngn sch, bn c
th cn phi gim phm vi ( gim s lng cc cng vic) bi v cc ti nguyn m bn c
khng th hon thnh tt c cc cng vic c ln k hoch trong thi gian ngn hn.
Nu bn phi gim thi hn thc hin ca mt d n, chc chn rng ton b cht lng
ca d n khng v tnh b gim xung. V d, vic th nghim v kim sot cht lng thng
xy ra giai on cui cng trong mt d n pht trin phn mm, nu thi hn thc hin ca d
n b chm so vi k hoch, nhng cng vic ny c th l nhng cng vic phi chu b ct gim.
Bn phi cn nhc gia li ch ca vic gim thi hn thc hin ca d n vi hu qu tim tng
ca vic chuyn giao sn phm cht lng km.
Ph lc A
354

Ban u d n ca bn
c nhng rng buc ny
Bn nn iu chnh d n ca
bn nu thi hn thc hin
gim
1. Gim thi hn
thc hin ca d n
Thi gian
Chi ph
2 v
bn cng
c th
phi tng
chi ph
Phm vi
3 hoc gim
phm vi ca d n
- Nu ngn sch (rng buc v chi ph) ca d n ca bn gim, bn c th cn nhiu thi
gian hn v bn khng th chi tr cho cc cc ti nguyn c nng sut lm vic nh theo k hoch.
Nu bn khng th tng thi gian, bn c th cn phi gim phm vi ca d n v t ti nguyn hn
khng th hon thnh tt c cc cng vic c ln k hoch khi m vn gi nguyn thi gian.
Ban u d n ca bn
c nhng rng buc ny
Thi gian
Chi ph
nu chi ph gim
2... v bn cng
1. Gim
c th phi tng
chi ph ca
thi hn thc hin
d n
ca d n
Phm vi
3 hoc gim
phm vi ca d n
Nu bn phi gim ngn sch ca mt d n, bn c th nhn vo cc cp bc ca ti nguyn
nguyn vt liu m bn lp d tho ngn sch. Mt vt liu c bc thp hn khng nht thit
phi l loi vt liu c cht lng thp hn. V vy, min l cp bc vt liu c ph hp vi nh
s dng ca n th n vn c th c cht lng cao. Di y l mt v d m tt c chng ta c
th c lin quan ti: n nhanh v n cho ngi snh n l hai cp bc v thc n ca nh
hng n ung, nhng bn c th tm thy cc v d v cht lng cao v cht lng thp trong tng
cp bc ny.
Bn cng nn xem xt cc chi ph ca ti nguyn con ngi v thit b m bn ln k
hoch s dng. Bn c th thu nhng ngi t kinh nghim c tr t tin hn thc hin
cc nhim v n gin? Tuy nhin, gim chi ph d n c th dn n vic chuyn giao sn phm
hoc dch v c cht lng km hn. L mt ngi qun l d n, bn phi xem xt ( hoc nhiu
kh nng l phi truyn ti ti nhng ngi c quyn quyt nh) cc li ch c c so vi nhng
ri ro ca vic gim cc chi ph.
- Nu phm vi ca d n ca bn tng ln, bn c th cn thm thi gian v ti nguyn (lin
quan n chi ph) hon thnh cc cng vic b sung thm. Khi phm vi ca d n tng sau khi
d n bt u th n c gi l phnh phm vi- scope creep. Vic thay i phm vi ca mt d
n gia lc ang thc hin khng nht thit phi l mt iu xu; v d, iu kin hon cnh m
trong s chuyn giao ca d n ca bn s thc hin c th thay i hoc bn hiu c
Ph lc A
355

nhiu hn v bn cht ca cng vic k t khi bt u d n. Vic thay i phm ca vi d n l
mt iu xu ch khi ngi qun l ca d n khng nhn ra v ln k hoch cho cc yu cu mi,
l, khi m cc rng buc khc (chi ph, thi gian) khng c kim tra mt cch tng ng, v
nu cn thit th cn phi c iu chnh mt cch tng ng.
Ban u d n ca bn
c nhng rng buc ny
Thi gian
Chi ph
nu chi ph gim
2... v bn cng
3 hoc
c th phi tng
tng chi
thi hn thc
ph ca d
hin ca d n
n
Phm vi
1. Tng phm vi ca d n
Thi gian, chi ph, v phm vi l ba yu t thit yu ca bt k d n no. l mt ngi
qun l d n thnh cng, bn nn bit cch p dng c ba rng buc ny ti cc d n ca bn v
c th truyn t iu ny ti cc bn lin quan ca bn.
Di y l li ni cui cng ca chng ti v m hnh tam gic d n. Ging nh tt c
cc m hnh n gin ca cc ch phc tp, m hnh ny l mt cng c hc tp hu ch nhng
khng phi lun lun l mt s phn nh ca th gii thc. Nu cc d n thc t lun lun thc
hin nh m hnh tam gic d n c xut, bn c th thy cc d n chuyn giao mun
nhng vi chi ph d kin hoc vi phm vi mong i; hoc d n c th c hon thnh ng
thi hn vi phm vi mong i, nhng vi chi ph cao hn. Ni cch khc, bn mong mun nhn
thy t nht mt yu t ca tam gic d n i ng nh k hoch. Nhng s tht ng bun l nhiu
d n, thm ch vi s gim st nghim ngt v qun l d n, b chuyn giao mun, qu ngn
sch v vi chc nng t hn so vi phm vi mong i. Qun l d n l mt lnh vc i hi nhiu
c gng. Thnh cng trong vic qun l d n i hi mt s kt hp him c ca cc k nng v
kin thc v tin c rn luyn v trang b, cng nh cc k nng trong cc lnh vc hoc
ngnh ngh m d n c thc thi.
A.4. Qun l d n ca bn bng MS Project

Cc cng c qun l d n tt nht trn th gii khng bao gi c th thay th c s
phn on tuyt vi ca bn. Tuy nhin, cng c thch hp c th v nn gip bn thc hin nhng
iu sau y:
- Theo di tt c cc thng tin m bn thu thp c v cc yu cu v thi gian lm vic,
thi hn thc hin v ti nguyn cho d n ca bn.
- Hnh dung ha k hoch d n ca bn trong cc nh dng tiu chun, r rng.
- Ln tin cc nhim v v cc ti nguyn mt cch nht qun v hiu qu.
- Trao i cc thng tin ca d n vi cc bn lin quan trong nhiu cch khc nhau.
- Truyn t ti cc ti nguyn v cc bn lin quan khc trong khi li s kim sot sau
cng trong tay ca ngi qun l d n.
Trong cc chng ca cun sch ny, bn c gii thiu n cc chc nng phong ph
ca Project trong mt ng cnh thc t: qun l mt d n t lc thai nghn n khi hon thnh.
Khng phi mi th trong cun sch ny c th p dng cho cc nhu cu ca bn, v bn c th
c nhng nhu cu m cun sch ny khng gii quyt. Chng ti hy vng rng sau khi hon thnh
Ph lc A
356

hng dn ny, bn c mt s khi u tuyt vi vi MS Project!
Ph lc A
357
Pht trin cc k nng qun l d n

ca bn
Ph lc B
358

Nu bn hon thnh phn ln hoc tt c cc chng trong cun sch ny th bn ang trn
con ng lm ch Microsoft Project 2013. Tuy nhin, cun sch ny ch c th gip c bn
n y. gip thm kin thc ca bn v d n v qun l d n, hy bt u vi cc ngun ti
liu c lit k trong ph lc ny.
B.1. Tham d mt cng ng tm hiu v Project

Nu c mt iu m chng ti c th ni v nhng ngi s dng Project, th l h
thch ni v ng dng ny v cng vic ca h vi n v chia s cc tng vi nhng ngi
khc. Cho d bn lm vic trong mt t chc ln hoc lm c lp, bn c th tm thy mt cng
ng ca nhng ngi s dng Project gn mnh.
Nu bn trong mt c quan t chc ln, c bit l mt t chc tp trung mnh m vo
vic qun l d n, bn c th tm thy mt nhm ngi s ng Project hoc nhm h tr ni b
. Cc nhm nh vy thng gp g cung cp cc k hoch hun luyn, h tr v nhn xt
ng ng v chia s cc thc tin tt nht. Nu mt nhm nh vy khng tn ti trong c quan t
chc ca bn, c l bn c th bt u mt nhm.
Trong lnh vc cng cng, c rt nhiu nhm ngi s dng Project trn ton th gii.
Nhng nhm ny thng gp mt mt cch thng xuyn chia s nhng li khuyn v th thut
v Project. Tham gia vo mt nhm ngi s dng l mt cch tuyt vi m rng s hiu bit
ca ca bn v vic s dng Project; cng c th l mt ni tuyt vi nhn s h tr tn
tnh v sn phm, s o to v c hi ngh nghip.
Sau y l mt vi ni m bn c th khm ph v cc nhm ngi s dng Project v ti
nguyn c lin quan:
- Microsoft Project User Group (MPUG) l mt nhm ngi dng Project chnh thc
ca Microsoft Project. MPUG cung cp cc mt lot cc thng tin v Project v cc ngun lc
qun l d n, cng nh mt ni tra cu ca cc nhm ngi s dng Project trn ton th gii.
Tm n trn trang web ti a ch www.mpug.com.
- Khu vc v Project trn trang web trc tuyn ca Microsoft Office bao gm mt lot
cc cng c v cc thng tin t Microsoft v ngi s dng Project khc gip bn qun l cc
d n ca bn. Tm thy n trn web ti a ch office.microsoft.com v sau di chuyn n trang
Project.
- Khu vc Project Support ca cc trang web ca Microsoft Office Support bao gm
cc cu hi v cu tr li ca cng ng ngi s dng, cc ng dng ti v v lin h ti cc
chuyn gia h tr k thut. Tm thy n trn trang web ti a ch office.microsoft.com/enus/support v chuyn ti trang Project hoc trc tip ti trang h tr Project Support ti a
ch support.microsoft.com/ph/931/en-us.
- Project Community ( cng ng Project) chnh thc cung cp tr s tr gip v cc
tho lun vi nhng ngi s dng Project khc, bao gm c Microsoft Most Valuable
Professional (MVP). bt u, hy xem ti answers.microsoft.com/en-us/office.
- Cc Microsoft Project MVPs l nhng chuyn gia Project c lp (khng phi nhn vin
ca Microsoft) chnh thc nhn c cp bc MVP ca Microsoft bi s cng nhn ca cc
chuyn gia v sn phm ca Microsoft v h gip nhng cng ng ngi dng ln s dng
Project thnh cng.
MVP thng xuyn p ng cc cu hi trong din n Project Community. Tm thng
v Project MVP ti a ch https://mvp.microsoft.com.
- Mt trong nhng tc gi ca cun sch ny, Carl Chatfield, gi n mt blog tp trung
vo Project, qun l d n. Tm blog trn web ti a ch www.projhugger.com.
Bn c th c chng nhn mt cch chnh thc l ngi s dng Projec thnh tho bi
Microsoft. tm hiu v cc c hi o to v cc yu cu i vi chng ch Proejct, xem ti
trang web www.microsoft.com/learning.
Ph lc B
359
B.2. Tham gia mt cng ng tm hiu v qun l d n

C l l nhiu hn so vi cc chng trnh khc trn my tnh, Project yu cu bn phi
tham gia vo mt hot ng chnh thc c th: qun l d n. Qun l d n c th l mt s pha
trn th v ca nhng thch thc v k thut, t chc v x hi. Vin Qun l d n (PMI) l t
chc hng u v qun l d n chuyn nghip. PMI tp trung vo thit lp cc tiu chun qun
l d n, pht trin v cung cp cc chng trnh gio dc, v chng ch qun l d n. Chng ch
PMI c cng nhn rng ri nht l chng ch Qun l d n chuyn nghip-Proejct
Management Professional (PMP).
Cun sch A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge c xut bn bi
vin qun l d n PMI v c nhc n l PMBOK v pht m l "pimbok" m t cc thc
hnh qun l d n, cc lnh vc kin thc v thut ng ni chung c cng nhn. Ngoi ra, PMI
xut bn cc tp ch tp ch Project Management Journal v PM Network. Bn c th tm hiu
thm v PMI trn web ti www.pmi.org. Nu bn ang u t nghin cu vic thc hnh qun l
d n, bn nn tm hiu PMI.
Ph lc B
360
Cng tc gia Project, SharePoint v

PWA
Ph lc C
361

Ph lc ny gii thiu n bn mt s tnh nng cng tc nhm c sn khi bn kt hp
Microsoft Project 2013 Professional vi Microsoft SharePoint 2013 hoc Project Web App
(PWA). Mc d thng tin a ra y v kh nng tng tc gia Project vi SharePoint v
PWA l vt ra ngoi phm vi ca cun sch ny, nhng chng ti vn mun gip bn t c
mt s hiu bit c bn v ch li m nhng sn phm mang li ngoi kh nng lm vic ca
Project c ci trn my tnh.Chng ti s kt thc ph lc bng mt s tho lun v vic qun
d n ca doanh nghip (Enterprise Project Management-EMP) da trn my ch Project v
nhng tnh nng no ca EPM c th thm vo c quan t chc ca bn.
Bi v bn c th khng c quyn truy cp vo SharePoint hoc PWA nn ph lc ny ch
m t v minh ha cc dch v m khng bao gm cc thao tc tay vi cc tp tin thc hnh. Mi
phn kt thc vi mt danh sch cc ngun thng tin thm trc tuyn m bn c th kim tra.
C.1. Gii thiu v vic chia s d n ca bn vi SharePoint

Cc nh qun l ca d n v cc nhm c li khi h chia s thng tin. Vi Microsoft
Project Professional 2013 bn c th ng b ha cc nhim v gia Proejct v SharePoint
2013. Bn c th to danh sch cng vic ban u trong Project v sau ng b ha n vi mt
danh sch trong SharePoint hoc to danh sch cng vic ban u trong SharePoint v sau
to ra mt k hoch Project mi da trn danh sch cng vic t SharePoint. Cc thnh vin
trong nhm c th xem, chnh sa, v bo co tnh trng ca nhim v ca h trong danh sch
nhim v ca SharePoint.
Nhng hnh minh ha di y cho bn mt s phn quan trng ca vic lm vic vi mt
danh sch cc nhim v trong SharePoint.
Trang Project Summary bao gm mt khung nhn Timeline, cc nhim v sp ti v cc
nhim v tr, v cc thng tin chi tit quan trng khc ca k hoch.
T trang Project Summary, bn c th chia s d n, ty chnh trang v khai thc danh

sch cc nhim v. Di y l nhng th nhn ging nh mt khung nhn Timeline v danh sch
cc nhim v trong SharePoint:
Ph lc C
362
Trong SharePoint, bn c th theo di s tin trin trong mt nhim v hoc thm cc

nhim v mi, nhng khng ln c tin . Bn thm ch c th xem danh sch cc nhim v
ca mnh trong cc khung nhn khc, bao gm c khung nhn lch, v nh s th hin trong hnh
minh ha di y, mt khung nhn Gantt Chart.
Sau khi danh sch cc nhim v ca SharePoint c ng b ha vi Project, bn c th

s dng y cc tnh nng v cng c ln tin ca Project. y bn c th thy danh sch
cc nhim v trong SharePoint t hnh minh ha trn by gi c th hin trong Project:
Ph lc C
363
Ngi dng Project Professtional c th ngh rng s ng b ha nhim v vi

SharePoint phc v hai mc ch rt hu ch:
- Bn c th to mt danh sch cc nhim v ban u trong SharePoint v mi cc thnh
vin trong nhm v cc bn lin quan khc b sung cc nhim v, thi hn thc hin v cc thng
tin chi tit khc trong SharePoint. Sau bn c th m danh sch ny trong Project v thc hin
cng vic ln tin trong Project. Sau ng b ha tr li SharePoint cc thnh vin trong
nhm hoc cc bn lin quan khc c th xem kt qu.
- Bn c th to mt danh sch cc nhim v ban u trong Project v sau ng b ha
n vi SharePoint. Sau bn c th mi cc thnh vin v cc bn lin quan khc iu chnh
cc thng tin chi tit v nhim v khi cn thit. Sau s iu chnh li danh sch trong Project.
Trong c hai trng hp, bn u s dng cc cng c lp tip trong Project v kh nng
cng tc nhiu ngi dng ca SharePoint- y l s kt hp tt nht nhng th mnh ca c hai
phn mm.
Bn cng c th chuyn i mt danh sch cc nhim v trong SharePoint vo mt d n
PWA (m t trong phn tip theo). V d, bn c th chn cch lm nh vy khi bn thy bn cn
phi theo di tnh trng hoc qun l tin trnh ca cc nhim v mt cch chi tit hn.
Phn ny gii thiu bn n s kt hp gia Project v SharePoint thng qua vic ng
b ha danh sch cc nhim v. Ty thuc vo thc tin v cc cng c cng tc ca c quan t
chc ca bn, bn c th thy rng Project v SharePoint cng nhau to ra mt s kt hp mnh
m.
* Cc ngun thng tin thm
Sau y l mt s thng tin v s kt hp gia Project Professtional vi SharePoint:
- Trong Project, bn c th chia s mt k hoch d n vi SharePoint trong giao din Save
As ca khung nhn Backstage. tm hiu thm, trong Project kch vo nt Help (trng ging
nh mt du hi) gc pha trn bn phi ca ca s Project, v trong hp nhp c nhn Help
Search, g Sync with SharePoint.
- Trong SharePoint, bn c th m mt danh sch cc nhim v vi Project bi lnh Open
With Project trong nhm lnh Connect&Export trn tab List trong khi ang trong mt khung
nhn danh sch cc nhim v. n tm hiu thm, trong SharePoint nhp vo nt Help (trng
Ph lc C
364

ging nh mt du hi) gc pha trn bn phi ca ca s SharePoint, v trong hp nhp c
nhn Help Search, g Project site.
- Truy cp vo cng thng tin sn phm SharePoint ti sharepoint.microsoft.com, v sau i
ti danh sch cc nhim v hoc cc tnh nng khc ca SharePoint m bn quan tm.
- Cc thnh vin ca nhm Project Engineering vit mt s bi vit chi tit trn Blog
Office v danh sch cc nhim v ca Proejct v SharePoint. Gh thm blogs.office.com, v sau
tm kim SharePoint task list.
C.2. Gii thiu v s cng tc nhm vi Project Web App

Project Web App (PWA) l giao din da trn trnh duyt kt ni ti Project Server. Cc
nh qun l ca d n c th s dng PWA chung vi ng dng Project Professional xy dng
v qun l cc d n. Nhng ngi c th s dng PWA bao gm:
- Cc thnh vin trong nhm thc hin d n, l nhng ngi c s phn cng nhim v.
- Cc nh qun l danh mc u t, l ngi thu thp v phn tch d liu tt c cc d n.
- Qun tr trang web, ngi thit lp v qun l s truy cp ti PWA.
Cc d n m c th c qun l trong PWA c th n t nhiu ngun khc nhau, bao
gm:
- T cc tp tin ca Project Professional (cc tp tin *mpp)
- Cc danh sch nhim v ca SharePoint.
- To ra trc tip trong PWA.
Mt d n PWA c lu tr trong Project Server, v n c th c chnh sa bi cc
bn lin quan c thm quyn trong PWA v bi ngi qun l ca d n trong Project.
Ngay t ci nhn u tin, mt danh sch cc nhim v trong PWA c th trng ging nh
mt danh sch cc nhim v trong SharePoint. Tuy nhin, cc danh sch cc nhim v ca PWA
cung cp cc kh nng lp tin ln hn nhiu v h tr cc tnh nng lp tin trong PWA v
h tr y cc tnh nng ca Project Professional.
Cc minh ha sau y cho bn thy mt s cc kh nng trong PWA i vi cc nh qun
l ca d n v cc thnh vin trong nhm:
Trung tm ca PWA l giao din mn hnh Home.
Ph lc C
365

T y, bn c th qun l trang web PWA ca bn v khai ph su v cc nhim v v cc
d n ca bn. Di y l mt ci g trng ging nh mt s tp hp cc d n, hoc mt danh
mc u t trong Project Center.
Cc lnh trn tab Project ( hnh tip theo) ch ra mt s hnh ng m bn c th thc thi.
l thm cc d n mi ti danh mc u t, kim sot s truy cp ti cc d n, v thay i
cch thc xut hin ca danh sch cc d n
Khi quan quan st mt d n, bn c c mt khung nhn tng t nh khung nhn Gantt

Chart v Timeline m bn thy trong Project. Trong thc t, bn c th thy trn tab Task ( trong
hnh minh ha tip theo) rt nhiu tnh nng qun l nhim v ging nh nhng g bn thy trong
Project, bao gm c vic theo di tin trin v vic p dng phn nhm hoc b lc.
Ph lc C
366

Tip theo, chng ta s xem PWA t v tr ca mt thnh vin trong nhm nhng ngi c
s phn cng nhim v trong mt d n ca PWA.
Mt iu quan trng l cc thnh vin trong nhm c th s dng PWA ghi li tnh trng
v thi gian lm vic trong nh dng bng, hoc pha thi gian hoc biu Gantt. y, mt
thnh vin trong nhm ghi li cc s vic thc t din ra theo pha thi gian ( l thi gian lm
vic thc t c phn b theo thi gian) trong mt s nhim v m c y c phn cng.
Sau khi thnh vin trong nhm ghi li tnh trng thi gian lm vic ca c y, c y c
th trnh tnh trng ca c y c ph duyt bi ngi qun l ca d n.
Sau y, tnh trng c cp nhp trng nh th no v tr ca ngi qun l ca d n.
Cc thnh vin trong nhm c th thm cc kin ti tnh trng ca mnh cho mi nhim
v, v iu trng nh th no v tr ca ngi qun l ca d n.
Ph lc C
367

Mt khi ngi qun ca l d n chp nhn cc cp nht v tnh trng, cng c lp tin
ca Project s phn hi ti tin trin c bo co bi cc thnh vin v bt k s thay i
no khc c thc hin ti k hoch trong PWA.
Ln ti, k hoch c cng b, tt c cc thnh vin trong nhm v cc bn lin quan

khc s thy nhng thay i . Qu trnh cng tc ny tip tc trong sut vng i ca d n.
* Cc thng tin thm
Sau y l mt s thng tin v s kt hp gia Project Professtional vi PWA:
- Nu bn c quyn truy cp vo PWA, bn c th c c mt ci nhn tng qut v cc
hot ng c h tr trong Help ca PWA. Nhp vo nt Help (trng ging nh mt du hi)
gc pha trn bn phi ca ca s PWA v khm ph nhng ni dung ca Help.
- Hy truy cp vo
office.microsoft.com/products .
cng
thng
tin
sn
phm
Project
Server
ti
- Xem ni dung CNTT v Project Server 2013 ti technet.microsoft.com/enUS/projectserver.

- Cc thnh vin ca nhm Project Engineering vit mt s bi vit chi tit trn Blog
Office v danh sch cc nhim v ca Proejct v SharePoint. Gh thm blogs.office.com, v sau
tm kim PWA.
C.3. Gii thiu v gii php qun l d n ca doanh nghip EPM

Nhng phn trc gii thiu cho bn mt s tnh nng cng tc nhm vi SharePoint v
Project Web App (PWA). ng sau PWA l Project Server. Project Server l nn tng ca gii
php qun l d n ca doanh nghip Enterprise Project Management (EPM). (Chng ti s
cp n iu ny l EPM da trn Project Server). Chc nng qun l d n ca EPM da trn
Project Server vt xa khi cc chc nng ca phn mm Project ci trn my tnh bn m
bn thc hnh trong cun sch ny.
Phn ny gii thiu mt s s khc bit quan trng gia s qun l d n trong Project ci
t trn my tnh bn v qun l d n ca doanh nghip EPM da trn Project Server. EPM
l mt trong nhng hot ng phc tp hn nhng c cc kh nng tim tng m mt c quan t
chc ln c th p dng.
Mt s li ch v mt t chc ca EPM da trn Project Server:
- Nm bt nhng thc tin tt nht ca c quan t chc ca bn v cc vn c lin quan
n m hnh theo di tin trnh cng vic v cc k nng ca ti nguyn trong khun kh ca
doanh nghip.
- t c s hiu bit su sc v khi lng cng vic m nhn v s sn sng ca cc ti
nguyn c trong tt c cc d n v cc hot ng khc trong c quan t chc ca bn.
Ph lc C
368

- Pht trin cc cch thc ph hp miu t v theo di cc hot ng ca d n trong ton
b c quan t chc ca bn.
- Thu thp mt lot cc d liu c lin quan n d n v bo co cc d liu ny theo nhng
cch thc kp thi v nhiu thng tin.
Mc d bn c th l ngi s dng Project n c trong c quan t chc ca bn nhng
"ngi s dng" thc s ca EPM li l ton th c quan t chc ca bn; do , cc cng c ca
phn mm ny s tng ng phc tp hn Project ang chy trn mt my tnh duy nht. V l
do ny, vic gii quyt y cc thng tin chi tit ca EPM l vt xa phm vi ca cun sch
ny. Tuy nhin, chng ti mun gii thiu EPM da trn Project Server y bn c th bt
u quyt nh xem n c th ng mt vai tr hu ch trong t chc ca bn khng. i vi
hu ht cc c quan t chc, chng ti ngh rng cu tr li y s l "C", nhng bt u t mt
s quan tm ban u v EPM da trn Project Server cho n khi c th thc hin n mt cch
y l mt lot cc bc phc tp. Chng ti hy vng rng phn gii thiu ngn gn ny c th
gip bn trnh by r rng chnh xc mt s tng v ci cch m EPM da trn Project Server
c th ci thin hiu sut lm vic ca c quan t chc ca bn.
Nu bn hon thnh cc chng trc trong cun sch ny, bn c mt s gii thiu
tt v vic qun l d n trn quy m ch cn mt ngi qun l duy nht cho cc d n m c
hng t cc ti nguyn lm vic trong hng trm cc nhim v. By gi, bn c th thc hnh vic
qun l d n quy m ny. Tht vy, vi mt qu ti nguyn v cc tnh nng lin hp nhiu d
n, chng hn nh cc d n hp nht, th mt ngi qun l d n duy nht c th mt ti
nhiu d n khc nhau trong cc giai on hon thnh khc nhau thng qua phn mm Project
ang chy trn mt my tnh duy nht.
By gi, hy tng tng hng t cc nh qun l ca d n ln k hoch v theo di hng
trm d n, mi d n c hng trm hoc thm ch hng ngn ti nguyn v nhim v, v tt c li
nm trong mt c quan t chc duy nht. Qun l d n quy m ny i hi mt cp cao v
vic lp k hoch, iu phi v tiu chun ha. y chnh l lnh vc ca EPM: mt t chc ln
ln k hoch, iu phi v thc hin mt lng ln cc d n cng mt lc.
Hy suy ngh v cc kinh nghim trong qu kh hay hin ti m bn c c khi lm vic
trong cc d n trong mt c quan t chc ln v c gng tr li nhng cu hi sau:
- Cc d n tim nng c c nh gi bi cc mc tiu v cc i tng ca c quan t
chc nh vy, cc d n c chn thc hin c ph hp vi cc mc tiu chin lc ca c
quan t chc hay khng ?
- Cc d n c c nh r v ln phm vi theo mt cch thng nht m cho php so snh
chng vi nhau hay khng ?
- Cc s phn cng ti nguyn c c thc hin vi y s hiu bit v k nng, v tr
v s sn sng lm vic ca mi ti nguyn hay khng ?
- Cc gim c iu hnh ca c quan t chc c mt bc tranh r rng v tnh trng ca
tng d n hay khng ?
Nu cu tr li cho nhng cu hi ny l "Khng" th c quan t chc c l thc hnh
EPM khng hiu qu. Khng cn nghi ng khi m nhiu c quan t chc ln c th t c
nhng li ch to ln t vic p dng EPM; Tuy nhin, y l nhim v khng d dng, hoc h s
phi thc s thc hin EPM. Thnh cng vi EPM i hi s sn sng mnh m t b phn lnh
o ca c quan t chc, nhm o to nhn lc tt, cc nh qun l d n v ti nguyn, v mt
c s h tng phn mm (hoc cc c s hoc s lu tr thng qua Project Online) c kh nng
to iu kin cho n.
* Cc thng tin thm
Sau y l mt s thng tin gip bn nh gi, lp k hoch v trin khai gii php EPM
da trn Project Server:
Ph lc C
369

- Xem xt tt c cc ti liu c lin quan trn khu vc Project Server ca trang web- Office
Online. Tm thy n trn trang web ti a ch office.microsoft.com, v sau i n trang Project
Server.
- Xem xt vic tham gia lp hc o to v vic trin khai EPM t Microsoft Learning.
Kim tra trang v Microsoft Learning vi cc thng tin ca Project Server ti a ch
www.microsoft.com/learning.
- Nu bn ang trong mt c quan t chc m l tng i mi l vi cng tc qun l d
n v danh mc u t, hy xem xt s lm vic thng qua quy trnh trin khai Project Server vi
mt i tc Proejct c cng nhn. Bn c th bt u tm kim cho bn mt cng ty i tc
c trnh ti y: pinpoint.microsoft.com.
Chng ti hy vng phn gii thiu vn tt ny s a cho bn v c quan t chc ca bn
mt khi u tt trong vic khm ph cc cng c ca EPM v thc hnh.
Ph lc C
370

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Microsoft Project 2013 by Kienking@Gmail.com

Chng I: Gii thiu v Microsoft Project 2013

Giao din lm vic

Khung nhn Backstage

Chng II: Bt u mt k hoch d n mi

Bt u mt k hoch d n mi v thit lp ngy bt u ca n

Thit lp ngy khng lm vic trong lch d n

Nhp tiu v cc thuc tnh khc ca k hoch

Chng III: Xy dng mt danh sch cc nhim v

Nhp thi hn thc hin ca nhim v

Nhp nhim v ct mc quan trng

To ra cc nhim v khi qut to cng cho k hoch

To ra cc ph thuc v nhim v bng cc lin kt

Chuyn ch tin ca nhim v t th cng sang t ng

Kim tra thi hn thc hin v ngy kt thc ca k hoch

Ch thch cho nhim v vi ghi ch v siu lin kt

Chng IV: Thit lp cc ti nguyn

Nhp tn ca ti nguyn lm vic

Nhp kh nng lm vic ti a ca ti nguyn

Nhp cc mc lng ca ti nguyn

iu chnh thi gian lm vic trong lch ti nguyn

Thit lp ti nguyn chi ph

Ch thch cho ti nguyn bng ghi ch

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Chng V: Phn cng ti nguyn ti nhim v

Phn cng cc ti nguyn lm vic ti cc nhim v

Phn cng ti nguyn chi ph ti cc nhim v

Chng VI: nh dng v chia s k hoch

Ty bin mt khung nhn biu Gantt

Ty bin mt khung nhn Timeline

Sao chp cc khung nhn v bo co

Chng VII: Theo di s thc hin ca k hoch

Theo di s thc hin ng nh k hoch tin n mt ngy c th

Nhp gi tr phn trm hon thnh ca nhim v

Nhp cc gi tr thc t cho nhim v

Chng VIII: Nng cao vic lp tin cho nhim v

Xem mi quan h gia cc nhim v bng Task Path

iu chnh mi quan h lin kt cc nhim v

Thit lp cc rng buc ca nhim v

Gin on s lm vic trong nhim v

iu chnh thi gian lm vic ca cc nhim v ring l

Kim sot vic ln tin ca nhim v bng loi ca nhim v

Chng IX: Tinh chnh cc chi tit ca nhim v

Nhp ngy hn cht

Quan st l trnh then cht ca d n

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Ln tin cho nhim v khi qut bng th cng

Chng X: Tinh chnh ti nguyn v cc chi tit v s phn cng

Thit lp s sn sng lm vic ca ti nguyn p dng cho cc thi im

Nhp nhiu mc lng cho mt ti nguyn

Thit lp cc mc lng khc nhau ca ti nguyn p dng ti cc thi

Thit lp ti nguyn nguyn vt liu

Tr hon s bt u ca s phn cng

p dng ng bin cho s phn cng

p dng cc mc lng khc nhau ti cc s phn cng

Phn cng cc ti nguyn nguyn vt liu ti cc nhim v