Easy English

KOHCTaHTHH BaCHHLeB
Easy English

CaMoyqHTeJIb ,lJ;JIJI aaxaasao-cpeaaero ypOBHH

I1HToe H3,n;aHHe

ABaJIOH AaOYKa-KJIaCCHKa CaHKT- He'repfiypr 2007

55K 81.2 AHrn B 19

BaCMnbeB K. 6.

B 19 Easy English. flerKVlH aHrnVlHcKVlH: CaMoYYVlTenb

aHrnVl~cKoro ~3bIKa. 1I13.Q. 5-e. - C-n6.: AeaJ10H, A36YKaKI1aCCVlKa. 2007. - 416 c.

ISBN 978-5-94860-044-4 (Asanoa)

ISBN 978-5-352~02056-2 (A36YKa-KI1aCCMKa)

nonyn~pHblH caMOY4HTenb B.,QpeCOBaH BceM, KTO CTaBl-1T ,-,eJlb nocnenosarens-o lo1 oCMblcneHHo V13Y4aTb aHrm1HCKlo1H fl3blK. nOCo6He. HamtCaHHoe B >Klo1BOH MaHepe, lo1306HnyeT pa3rOBopHblMlo1 MO,QenfiMM. B KOH,-,e ,QalOTCfI OTBeTbl Ha Bee 3B.,Q8HHfI. CnpaB04HblH pasnen CO,Qep>KHT caMble He06xo,Qlo1Mble CBe,QeHHfI 06 aHrnHHcKoH rpaMMaTlo1Ke.

ISBN 978-5-94860-044-4 (Asano«)

ISBN 978-5-352-02056-2 (A36YKa-KIlaccHKa)

e BaClo1nbeB K. 6., 1996, 2007 © «Asanoa», 2007

e (CA36YK8-KnaccHK8», 2007

Lesson 1. Just Letters and Sounds

npOCTO 6YKB~1 ~ 3ByK~ 5

Lesson 2. Dad, Help Mum

nana, nOMor~ MaMe.................................................. 14

Lesson 3. To Be or not to Be?

6blTb ~n~ He 6bITb? 20

Lesson 4. We Are Just Fine

Y Hac see oTn~4Ho 28

Lesson 5. Who Are You?

KTa Bbl? " ,." , , '111 , ••••••••••• 36

Lesson 6. After Honey with a Balloon

3a MeAOM C B03,QYWHbIM wap~KoM , 49

Lesson 7. Kings and Mice

Kopona M MblWlit ." ,. 63

Lesson 8. A Cottage in the Country

nOM B AepeBHe.......................................................... 74

Lesson 9. The Sun in the Sky

Consue B He6e.......................................................... 90

Lesson 10. There Is a Dragon across the River

3a peKo~ )K~BeT ApaKoH......................................... 1 02

Lesson 11. The Simple Present

npOCToe HaCTOR~ee 118

Do You Have a Car?

Y sac ecn, Maw~Ha? 132

I Can Ride a Donkey

51 YMeta e3A~Tb Ha ocne 144

Take Me Home

OTBe3~Te MeHR AOMO~............................................ 154

How Are You Doing?

KaK noxaaaere? 165

A Birthday Present

flonapo« Ha AeHb pO)I(.QeH~R 176

At Work and at Leisure

3a pa60To~ ~ aa nocyre 189

Next Door to Each Other

no cocencrsy APyr c ApyrOM................................. 199

Lesson 12.
Lesson 13.
Lesson 14.
Lesson 15.
Lesson 16.
Lesson 17.
Lesson 18. 3

Lesson 19. The Bananas or Your Life!

6aHaHbi HnH )f(H3Hb! 207

Lesson 20. With Best Wishes

C Ha1-1nY4wHMH nO)f(enaHHflMH 219

Lesson 21. Of Teachers and Followers

06 Y4HTenfix 1o1 nocnenoaarenax 230

Lesson 22. Horror at Night

Be4epHe-Ho4HoH y)f(ac 240

Lesson 23. It Is Very Unimportant

aro 04eHb HeBCl)f(HO................................................ 254

Lesson 24. One Day

KaK-To pa3 : 262

Lesson 25. The Simple Past

npocToe npouiemuee 273

Lesson 26. A Girl Two Miles High

Ileso-nca .QByxMHnbHoro pocra 287

Lesson 27. Remember or Forget

3anoMHHTe HnH 3a6Y.Qb re 296

Lesson 28. A City Called London

ropo,Q c Ha3BaHHeM nOH.QOH 307

Lesson 29. To Die Like a Briton

YMepeTb KaK 6pHTaHe,-, , 316

Lesson 30. Have You Ever Seen the Rain?

Bbl Kor.Qa-H,H6Y.Qb BH.QenH .QO)I(,Qb? 329

Lesson 31. Giving Evidence

Ilava nOKa3aHHH 340

Lesson 32. The Important Witness

BCl)f(HbIH CBH.QeTenb 348

Lesson 33. If I Were a Bear

EcnH 6bl fI 6bln Me.QBe.QeM " 357

Lesson 34. Welcome Home

Llo6po noxanoears .QOMOH...................................... 366

Grammar Section

rpaMMaTHKa " " " " 376

Key

Orseru K 3a,QaHHflM 400

[Lesson One

YpOK 11

Just Letters and Sounds

npOCTO 6YKBbi ~ 3ByK~

B anrpasars y aHrnHyaH 26 6YKS - Ha ceMb MeHbwe, yeM y Hac. 4TO Y>Ke 06neryaeT HaM 3HaKOMCTSO C aHrnH~CKHM.

The English Alphabet - AHrnMMcKMM anc:IJaBMT
Aa [ei] Gg [d3i:] Mm [em] Ss [es] Vy [wail
Bb [bi:] Hh [eitS] Nn [en] Tt [ti:] 12. [zed]
Cc [si:] Ii [ai] 00 [au] Uu [ju:]
Dd [di:] Jj [dyei] Pp [pi:] Vv [vi:]
Ee [i:] Kk [kei] Qq [kju.] Ww [' dA b 1 j u: ]
Ff [ef] LI [el] Rr [a.:] Xx [eks] B KSaQpaTHblX cK06Kax YKa3aHO, KaK npOH3HOCHTCS1 Ka>KAaS1 6YKsa. B CTaHAapTHOM 6pHTaHcKoM aapaaare S13blKa 6YKsa R HHorAa He "auroeapaeaerca" COBceM: car [ka.:] (aSTOMawHHa), star [sto.] (aseana), door [do.] (nseps). B AMepHKe, KaK, SnpOyeM, H S HeKOTopblX pajioaax AHrnHH, sra 6YKsa 3SYYHT - rnyxo pblYHT - H Sbl npa )l(enaHHH MO)l(eTe CMeno npOH3HOCHTb ee: arm [o.rrn] (pyxa), form [Io.rrn] (ct:>opMa, 6naHK), turn [to.r n] (noaopa-iaaars).

Anrpasar HY)f(HO SblYYHTb HaH3YCTb. Why? 6blsaeT, Mbl He ysepeuu, KaK npaaansao nHweTCS1 TO HnH HHoe HMS1 H npHXOAHTCS1 YTOYHS1Tb:

Spell your name. - CKSlKMTe saws HMS1 no 6YKB8M. Spell it, please. - CK8lKMTe ero no 6YKB8M, noxanyacra,

Lt1 c06eceAHHK, xoroporo 30SYT, npeAnOnO)l(HM, Timothy, ~n~, ecna KOPOTKO, Tim, AHKTyeT HaM:

Timothy - [ti:] [ail [em] [au] [ti.] [eitj] [wail

5

Word - CnOBO

Spell - nonesaua rnaron, KOTOPbl~ nouoraer HaM YT04- Hlo1Tb npaeonacaaae (spelling) ruoeoro cnosa, AIDKe caaoro "sacosupacroro". ECTb B AHrnlo1lo1 ropon Jlecrep, Ha cnyx B Ha3BaHlo1lo1 n~Tb 3BYKOB: [Testa]. nonp06yeM Ha~Tlo1 ero Ha aHrnlo1~CKO~ xapre, Where is it? YT04Hlo1M y aauiero 3HaKOMOro THMa:

How do you spell it? - KaK Bbl ero nlo1weTe?

Spell this name for us. - CKa:>Klo1Te HaM no 6YKBaM aTO aasaaaae.

Tim spells the name. We write it down. Mbl eanacuaaev: [ell [i:] [ail lsi:] [i:] res] [ti:] [i:] [a:] - Leicester.

3BYKOB scero nsrs, HO 6YKB - AeB~Tbf There are nine letters in Leicester. ~cToplo14ecKlo1 TaK CnO:>Klo1nOCb, '-ITO HeKOropsie 6YKBbi B aToM Ha3BaHlo1lo1 crana "HeMbIMlo1".

Tlo1M Ha30BeT euie HeCKonbKO ropOAOB, a Bbl Hanlo1wlo1Te lo1X - np~MO 3AeCb B CTpOLfKax.

[ell lou] [en] [di:] lou] [en] .

[wail lou] [a:] [kei] ..

[ em] [e i] [e n] [s i :] [e i tS] [i:] [e s] [t i :] [i :] [a:] ..

Notes - npMMe"l8HMR

~MeHa (Ann, Tim), Ha3BaHlo1~ KOHTlo1HeHTOB (Africa, Asia), crpaa (England, Russia), roponos (Bristol, York), AepeaeHb (Pendrift), ynau (Oxford Street), nnOut8Ae~ (Trafalgar Square) H nepeynxoa (Penny Lane) nlo1WYTC~ C "60nbwoH" 6YKBbl.

Your Dictionary Saw cnosaps

Baw cnosaps - aarno-pyccxaa, B HeM nplo1BOA~TC~ aHrnlo1~CKlo1e cnoaa C PYCCKlo1M nepeBO.QOM. OHlo1 pacnonoxeuu crporo B anqJaBlo1THOM nopanxe.

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Ha~AeM nepeBOA cnOBa please - B pa3Aene nOA 6YKBO~

P. HeCKonbKO npOCTe~Wlt1X npasan:

1. 4T06bl He ~lt1TaTb sees pasnen OT aa-iana AO KOHL\a, CMOTPlt1M Ha BTOPYtO 6YKBY cnoaa - I. CHOBa Ae~cTByeT ancJ:>aBlt1THbl~ npMHL\lt1n: 6YKBeHHoe coxeraaae pi lt1AeT nocne CO~eTaHlt1~ pa, pe, ph, pi. BOT nouina cnosa Ha pi: place [ ple is] (MeCTo), plain [p 1 e in] (pasa lt1Ha)... Ilpauma oxepens CMOTpeTb Ha rpsreio 6YKBY e. 3aTeM Ha ~eTBepTYtO a. lt1 BOT nocne pleasant ['plez8nt] (nplt1~THbl~), HO nepen pleasure ['ple38] (ynosonscreae) HaXOAlt1M HY)KHOe HaM cnOBO.

2. nocne please CTOlJlT COKpal1.\eHlJIe v, nocne pleasant -

a. 4TO aa "raaaonacs"? Pa3r8JJ.Ka-06'b~CHeHlt1e B caMOM Ha-iane cnosaps - B Cnncxe ycnoenux cOKpaUJeHHH. 6YKoBKa n 0603Ha~aeT noun (cyuiecraarensaoe): v - verb (rnaron); a - adjective (npanararensaoe): adv - adverb (Hape~lJIe).

8TlJI yxasarana He AflSl roro, ~T06bl "HarpY3lJ1Tb" sac rpauMaTlt1~eCKlJIMlt1 TepMlt1HaMlt1. B aHrnlt1~CKOM 6blBalOT cny-iaa, xorna OAHO lJI TO )Ke cnOBO MO)KeT auctynare cYl1.\eCTBlJITenbHblM lt1nlt1 rnaronou, nplJlnaraTenbHblM lJInlJl Hape~lJIeM. Cnosaps nOACKIDKeT BaM, KaKaSl 3TO -racrs pe~lJI, a nOTOM AaCT nepeaon,

help 1. v novorars. 2. n nOMOl1.\b; nOMOl1.\HlJIK. fast 1. a CKOPbl~, 6bICTPbl~. 2. adv 6bICTpO.

3. CYl1.\eCTBlt1TenbHble BO scex cnosapsx nplt1BOASlTCSI B eAlJIHCTBeHHOM ~lJIcne.

boy [boi] n Manb~lJIK dog [dog] n cooaxa

dad [deed] n nana home [houm] n AOM

Hexoropsie cnosa eAlJIHCTBeHHoro ~lJIcna He lJIMeIOT. Ha 3TO YKa3blBalOT 6YKOBKlJI pi: OT plural (MHO)KeCTBeHHoe).

clothes [kloubz] n pi OAe)l(Jla scissors ['SiZ8Z] n pi HO)KHlt1Ubl

7

6blBaeT, K C4aCTbtO, peAKO, LfTO cnOBO "BblrnflAHT', KaK BO MHO)f(eCTBeHHOM LfHcne, HO Ha caMOM nene OHO B eAHHCTBeHHOM. Cnoaaps He AaCT BaM oWH6HTbCfI: sing osaa-raer singular (eAHHcTBeHHoe LfHcno). Hanpawep, news [nju.z ] (ynorp, KaK sing) HOBOCTb, HaBeCTHe.

4. Y rnaronoa AaeTCfI OCHOBa, OT KOTOPOM oepasyiorcs APyrHe rnaronsaue CPOPMbl - B LfaCTHOCTH, npouieauree BpeMSl.

do [d u.] v nenars go [gou] v HATH

help [h e 1 p] v nouorars play [plei] v HrpaTb

5. Onoao MO)f(eT HMeTb ABa H 60nee aHa4eHHH, n03TOMY He roponarecs 6paTb nepeson, KOTOPblM HAeT "nepBblM no cnacxy", CKa.>KeM, CYl1.leCTBHTenbHoe letter nepeBOAHTCA KaK 6YKB8 HnH nMCbMO. npOLfHTaeM ABa npe,QIlO)f(eHHfI: B nepBOM ~.QeT pe4b 0 6YKBax, BO BTOPOM 0 nHCbMax.

There are twenty-six letters in the English alphabet. - B aHrnHMCKOM anrpaeare ABaAu.aTb uiecrs 6YKB.

We write and get letters. - Mbl nHweM H nonY4aeM nHCbMa.

6. noneaHo npocMaTpHBaTb Bce nOflCHeHHSl K a6aau.y, B KOTOPOM HaXOAHTCSl HY)f(HOe cnOBO. 6blCTPO np06e)f(HM ero rnaaaua, H 4TO-TO "OTnO)f(HTCSl" B naMfiTH.

nOCMOTpHM TOT aesau (rHe3.QO, KaK ero aaauaaor COCTaBHrena cnosapea), B KOTOPOM "rHea.QHTCfI" cnoso look [l uk]. nepBoe aHa4eHHe - CMOTpeTb. Bropoe - BblrnRAeTb. lt1 .QOnonHHTenbHble CBe.QeHHSl: look B C04eTaHHH C after HMeeT aHa4eHHe 3860TMTbCSI (0' KOM-nH60), npMrnSlAblB8Tb (sa KeMnH60). C04eTaHHe look for nepesonarcs MCKaTb.

'-'epea KaKoe-TO BpeMSl BaM nonanaerca TeKCT C 3THM~ C04eTaHHflMH H, snonae BOaMO)f(HO, Bbl nepeseaere ero no naMflTH, Y)f(e He aarnSlAblBaSl B cnoaaps.

I look at my sister. - 51 CMOTPIO Ha CBOIO cecrpy. She looks fine. - OHa BbirnfiAHT npexpacao.

I look after my sister. - 51 aa604YCb 0 CBoeH cecrpe. She looks for her doll. - OHa Hll.\eT CBOIO KyKny.

8

7. Cnoaaps nasr B xaanparaux cK06Kax rpaucxpanuao, TO ecrs npO~3HOWeH~e. TOnbKO C nOMO~blO CnOBapHO~ TpaHCKp~nu.~~ Mbl Y3HaeM, '-ITO, K np~Mepy, London (JlOH.QOH) npo~3HOC~TCfI ['IAnddn], a Leicester (Ilecrep) '-I~TaeTCfI [Testa] ~ H~KaK He ~Ha'-le.

Ecn~ B cnose O.Q~H cnor, 3HaK Y.QapeH~fI B rpaacxpanua» He CTaB~TCfI, B HeM HeT He06xo.Q~MOCT~.

man [main] n '-IenOBeK help [h e 1 p] v nouoran,

sea [si.] n Mope

room [rum] n KOMHaTa

Ecn~ npoaaaocsrca .QBa ~ 60nbwe enoree, ynapsaae 06f1- aarensao YKa3b1BaeTCfI, np~'-IeM 3HaK CTO~T nepen Y.QapHbiM cnorou,

alphabet ['celfdbit] n arupaear England ['ilJg1dnd] n AHrn~fI English ['i IJg 1 is] a aHrn~~CK~~ tomorrow [ta'rnorou] n saarpa

B PYCCKOM fl3blKe nonrora rnacsoro He ~MeeT 3Ha'-leH~fI.

B aHrn~~CKOM npO~3HOC~Te .Qonr~~ 3BYK B .QBa paaa nonsuie xparxoro, li1Ha'-le KynaK npeeparwrca Y aac B nap, a ropWOK - B nopr. llonrOTa rnacaoro 3BYKa OTMe'-laeTCfI asa-rKOM [:).

fist [fi s t] n KynaK lid [lid] n xpuunca pot [pot] n ropuiox

feast [Ii.st] n nap, npa3.QH~K lead [li.d] n nOBO.QOK

port [po.t] n nopr

Tpaacxpanuas ocoeesao He06xo.Q~Ma, xorna BCTpe'-laIOTCfI 6YKBeHHbie CO'-leTaHHfI, xoropue n~wYTcfI OA~HaKOBO, HO npo~3HOCflTCfI no-pasaouy, KaK Hanp~Mep, B aT~X napax enos:

so [sou] adv ~TaK few [Iju.] a Mano beak [bi.k] n KIlIOB

do [du.] v nenars

sew [sou] V W~Tb break [breik] v novars

9

The Sounds of English 3BYK~ aHrn~HcKoro fl3blKa

Vowels - rnaCHbl8

[ee] cat (xotuxa), carry (aecr»), rat (Kpblca)

[a.:] harm (spen), far (nanexo), class (xnacc)

[i:] he (OH), meal (ana) , tree (nepsao)

[i) it (OHO), sit (canets), ticket (6~neT)

[e] best (nY4w~~), mend ('-i~H~Tb), pen (pY4Ka)

[0] coffee (Ko¢e), not (He), rock (cxana)

[0:] morning (yrpo) , ball (M~'-i), small (ManeHbKHH)

(u] book (KH~ra), foot (sora), put (xnacrs)

[u:] blue (C~H~~), move (nsarars), soon (acxope) [A] cup ('-iaWKa), mother (MaTb), some (HeMHoro) [d:] third (TpeT~~), work (paeora), learn (Y4HTb)

[d) teacher (Y4~Tenb), Saturday (cy66oTa)

Diphthongs - llMc:t>ToHrM (cO'-ieTaHH~ ASyX rnacaux 3SYKOS)

[ei] baby (pe6eHoK), say (CKa3aTb), train (noesn) [ a i] ice (nen) , lie (nexars), my (MO~)

[au] cloud (oonaxo), flower (usero«), town (ropon) [ou I no (HeT), only (ronsxo), road (nopora)

[oi I coin (MoHeTa), noise (WYM), boy (Manb4~K) [ia] ear (yxo), dear (noporoa), here (snecs) [ea] air (S03AYX), bear (MeAseAb), there (TaM) [U8] poor (6eAHbl~), sure (ysepeHHbIH)

Consonants - CornacHble

(b] back (cnaaa), husband (MY>K) , rib (pe6po)

[p] past (npoumua), open (orxpusars)

[d] day (AeHb), dark (TeMHbl~), window (OKHO) [t I take (epars), tree (nepeso), hot (rOp5l4~H)

[k I king (xopons), cold (xonOAHbli:1), sick (6onbHo~)

[g] get (nonv-rars), bag (cYMKa), girl (AeBo4Ka)

[v] very (o4eHb), have (~MeTb), never (HHKorAa)

10

[f) fifteen (n~TH8A,-,aTb), wife (xena). phrase (q,pa3a)

[z] zero (aons), maze (na6~p~HT), rose (posa)

[s] so (~TaK), basket (xopaaua), city (ropon)

[b) this (STOT), together (BMecTe), father (oreu)

[8] thin (TOHK~~), think (AYMaTb), nothing (H~4ero)

[S] ship (xopaens), fish (puea), Russian (PYCCK~~)

[3] leisure (nocyr), garage (rapax), mirage (M~pIDK)

[tS] chair (CTYn) , each (Ka)K.Qbl~), much (MHoro)

[d3] judge (CYAbfl), age (B03paCT), language (sasnc)

[h) hat (umaria), unhappy (Hec4acTn~Bbl~)

[1] like (nI06~Tb), pull (TflHYTb), last (nocneAH~~)

[m] make (nenars), meet (BCTpe4aTb), summer (nero)

[n] never (H~KorAa), line (n~H~~), round (Kpyrnbl~)

[IJ] song (necas), thing (eeuis), reading (4TeH~e)

[r] red (KpacHbl~), every (Ka>KAbl~), marry (>KeH~Tbc~)

[w] well (xopowo), woman (>KeH~~Ha), what (4TO)

[j] yes (na), onion (nYK), Italian (~TanbflHcK~~)

Notes - npMMe"l8HMR

1. YABoeHHble comacaue B aHrn~~CK~X cnosax npO~3HOCflTC~ KaK OA~H 3BYK.

grass [gra:s] n rpaaa carry ['kreri] v HeCT~

biHer ['bitd] a rOPbK~~ winner [wlna] n n06eA~Tenb

2. B OTn~4~e OT pyccxoro, aHrn~~cK~e 3BOHK~e cornacHble B KOH,-,e cnoaa He CTaHOBflTCfI rnYX~M~. Hanp~Mep, B cnose rub [rxb] AOn>KHO 3BY4aTb 4eTKoe [b). B cnose good [gu d) TaK xe 4eTKO npO~3HOC~Te 3BYK [d), a B cnoee dog [dog] 3BYK [g).

Conversation - Paarosop

X04eTCfI KaK MO>KHO 6blcTpee aarosopars. A .QIl~ ua-ana paarosopa no-aHrn~~cK~ nY4we scero nOAXOA~T hello [ha'lou] 8TO npaaercrsae cooTBeTCTByeT PYCCK~M 3AP8BCTBYM, 3ApaBcTBYMTe, npaser.

11

Hello, boys and girls. - 3.QpaBcTBY~Te, ManbLf~K~ ~ .QeBOLfK~. Hello, everybody. - 3.QpaBcTByHTe, Bce.

it1cnonb3YHTe hello B pasroaops c 6n~3K~M~ pO.QcTBeHH~KaM~, .Qpy3bSlM~, O.QHOKnaCCH~KaM~.

Hello, Mum. - 3.QpaBCTByH, MaMa. Hello, Dad. - 3.QpaBCTByH, nana.

Hello, Nick! Hello, Tim! - np~BeT, H~K! np~BeT, T~M!

rOBop~Te hello, OKn~KaSl Koro-H~6Y.Qb Ha ynaue, npasneKaSl K ce6e BH~MaH~e ~n~ OTBeLfaSl Ha TenecpoHHblM 3BOHOK.

Hello! - 3M! Hello. - Anno.

Discussion - 06CY>K.QeHMe

AHrn~HcK~e dad [deed] ~ mum [rnxrn] COOTBeTCTBYIOT HaW~M nana ~ MaMa. Korna ~.QeT peLfb 0 sauiax coocraeusux pO.Q~TenS1x, aT~ cnosa CTaHOBSlTCSl KaK 6bl ~MeHaM~ ~ nauiyrcs C 60nbwoH 6YKBbl: Mum, Dad. ECTb 60nee nacxosoe oepauieH~e: Mummy ['mAmi] (MaMoLfKa), Daddy ['deedi] (nano-nca),

B 60nee o¢>~Lt~anbHblx cny-asx ~cnonb3yIOTcS1 father ['fa.:58] (oreu) ~ mother ['mA()8] (MaTb).

Exercises - Ynpa>KHeHMSI

Exercise 1. Paccrassre cnosa B an¢>aB~THoM nopsnxe. Dog, girl, go, acorn, tree, and, spell, sit, dad, conversation, well, he, what, take, egg, make, sorry, little, big, wife, question, word.

Exercise 2. Spell these words. - Ha30B~Te no 6YKBaM aT~ cnosa.

Father, money, which, quarter, seem, jam, gust, peck, next, zebra, capital.

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Exercise 3. B ~3BecTHoH KH~re "Anaca B 3a3epKanbe" waXMaTHa~ 6enas:l Koponesa XBaCTaeTCs:I Anace, YTO 3HaeT a36YKY (ABC) ~ YMeeT Y~TaTb cnoaa ~3 OAHOH 6YKBbl.

The White Queen says, "I know the ABC. I can read words of one letter."

CnOBa ~3 OAHOH 6YKBbi - OyeHb peAKas:l Be~b, Hanp~Mep, apraxns a. Cnos ~3 AByX ~ rpex 6YKB - KYAa 60nbwe, Hanp~Mep, go (~AT~), do (nenars), in (B), and (a), but {HO}.

B cneAytO~eM TeKCTe, He oc060 anaeascs B ero CMblcn, Bbl6ep~Te ace cnosa ~3 AByX, 3aTeM ~3 rpex 6YKB.

London is a big city. It is very old. It lies on the River Thames. The history of London goes back to Roman times. London has a lot of sights. There are many parks in it. London is the capital of England. The English Queen lives in London. The Queen's name is Elizabeth.

2-letter words: 111111 •••••••••••• ' ••••• 11 111 111 ..

3-letter words: ,., .

npOY~TaHTe cnenyouiae cnosa: Queen [kwi:n], Thames [ternz], Elizabeth [i'Iizobad], Roman ['roum8n], sight [sait], many ['meni], park [pa:k].

Bbln~W~Te ~3 cnosapa 3HayeH~~ cneAYtO~~x enos:

capital a ; n ..

date n ; v .

name n ; v '.111.,.

park n ; v .

Roman a ; n ..

sight n ; v ..

Phrases - CDpa3bl

npO~as:lCb, aHrn~yaHe rosopsr:

Good bye. - .00 CB~AaH~s:I. Bye! - nOKa!

See you later. - YB~A~MCs:l n03)Ke. See you tomorrow. - .00 saerpa.

YpOK 21

ILesson Two

Dad, Help Mum

Ilana, nOMorM MaM8

Mbl Y>Ke B canax cxaaare xoe-rro no-aHrn~~CK~. We can say something in English. Hanp~Mep, Mbl MO>KeM nonpaserCTBOBaTb npyr npyra, We can say, "Hello!" Mbl MO)l(eM nonpoe~Tb 0 lfeM-H~6Y.Qb.

Dad, help Mum. - nana, nOMor~ MaMe. Nick, go fast. - H~K, ~.Q~ 6bleTpo.

Tim, spell your name. - T~M, eKa)l(~ no 6YKBaM caoe ~Mff.

Grammar - rpaMMaTMKa

4r06bl "CKOHC1p~poeaTb" nOBenHTe11bHOe np9AnO>KeH~e, t5epeM OCHOBY rnarona - npffMO ~3 caoero cnoaaps, B lflo1CTOM BIo1.Qe. ~ np~.QaeM CBoeMY ronocy COOTBeTeTBYtO~ytO nOBen~TenbHYtO ~HTOHa~~tO.

Go! - VI.QIo1(Te)! Run! - 5er~(Te)'

Help! - nOMorlo1(Te)! Take! - 5ep~(Te)!

CMflrlf~M ~HTOHa~~tO ~ .Q06aB~M enOBO please: nonyvarcs npocsea, np~ 3TOM, XOTb Mbl K O.QHOMY lfenoBeKY 06pa~aeMcs, XOTb K HeeKonbK~M, XOTb "Ha rsr", XOTb "Ha au", rnaron ~MeeT O.QHY ~ TY )l(e <P0PMY·

Tim, help me, please. - T~M, nouora MHe, noxanyacra, Boys, help me. - ManblfIo1K~, nouorare MHe.

Mr Strong, help me. - M~eTep Crpoar, nouorare MHe.

Mbl XOTIo1M BblYlflo1Tb HOBoe aHm~C;cKoe enoeo ~n~ <ppa3Y. A T~M npocar cxaaars lfTO-H~6Y.Qb no-pyccxa.

Say it in English, Tim. - CKIDK~ 3TO no·aHrnlo1~eKIo1, T~M. Say it in Russian. - CKIDK~Te 3TO no-pyccxa,

14

Pronunciation - npOM3HOWeHM8

np0l-13HeCeM HeCKOnbKO KOPOTKl-1X cppa3. nOcne Llero 8b1YLI~M .QeTCK~~ CTl-1WOK-CLI~TanKY - rhyme [raim], B KOTOPOM ManeHbKl-1~ ManbLl~K (little boy) OTAaeT npl-1Ka3aHl-1e· c80e~ ManeHbKo~ C06aYKe (little dog): ManeHbKast coea-uca, 6erl-11

A little boy.

He has a dog~ He says, "Run!"

[8'1 i tl'boi] ManeHbK~~ ManbLl~K. [hirheeze'dog] Y Hero ecrs coeaxa.

[h i:' sez' rxn] OH rosopar: 6erl-1!

One, one, one, Little dog, run.

One [wxn] (OAl-1H) p~¢MyeTCst C run [rxn] (6er~), XOTst no Han~CaHl-11O OH~ C~nbHO OTnl-1L1aIOTCst. Hecvorps Ha SCstKl-1e HenpaBl-1nbHOCTl-1, S ~enOM, S aHrn~~CKOM st3blKe ecrs npocrue npasana YTeH~st. rnaCHble 6YKSbi B OTKPblTOM cnore, nOA YAapeHl-1eM, 3syyaT TaK, KaK OHl-1 aaausaorca S antpasare.

A '-ITO raxoe OTKPblTblH cnor? 8TO TaKO~ cnor, KOTOPbl~ COCTO~T l-13 OAHO~ rnacsoa 6YKBbl, KaK Hanp~Mep, a B cnose acorn [' ei ko.n] (>KenYAb). Lt1nl-1 cnor 3aKaH'-Il-1BaeTCst aa rnacHYIO, Hanpl-1Mep, me (st, MHe), we (Mbl), he (OH), she (oaa). rnaCHast 6YKsa e aaausaerca [i:], TaK '-ITO Mbl '-I~TaeM 3Tl-1 cnosa [rni.], [wi.], [hi:], [Si:].

E~e onaocnoxasie cnoaa: go (l-1ATl-1), no (HeT). Cnor OTKPblTbl~, rnacaas 0 nOA YAapeHl-1eM, saaueaercs OHa [ou], Mbl npO~3HOC~MLleTKO no npaeany: [gou ], [nou]

B cnosax rana take, like, home TO>Ke OA~H OTKPbITbl~ cnor, KOTOPbl~ 3aKaHLI~saeTCst aa macayio e. npO~3HOC~M: [tei k], [laik], [houm].

3aKPbfTbl~ cnor saxaa-raaaerca Ha comacavio, s HeM rnacHbl~ 3SYK KaK 6bl sanepr, CTeCHeH l-1 npO~3HOCl-1TCst KOpOTKO. CneAYIO~~e . cnosa COCTOstT l-13 onsoro saxpsrroro cnora.

cat [kret] - KOWKa cup [kxp] - '-IaWKa but [bxt] - HO

him [him] - ero, eMY lock [l 0 k] - 3aMOK bed [bed] - KposaTb

15

~TaK, B OTKPblTOM Y,QapHOM cnore 6YKBa A Y~TaeTC~ KaK lei]: say [sei], take [teik], lake [Ieik], maze [meiz].

B 3aKpblToMYAapHoM cnore OHa naer KOpOTK~~ 3BYK [re]: cat [ka-t], hat [ha-t], daddy [' da-d i], battery ['bc:etari].

frtacaaa E B OTKPblTOM y,QapHoM cnore Y~TaeTCSl [i.]: me [rni.], these [bi:z], meter ['mi:ta], see lsi:], delete [di'Ii.t]

B 3aKpbfToM 3ByY~T xoporxoe Ie]: pen [pen], letter ['leta], nest [nest], yellow ['jelou].

r nacaas I B OTKPblTOM YAapHOM cnore naer [a i ]: ice [a is], nice [nais], ride [raid], drive [draiv].

8 saxpsrrov cnore 3BYY~T xoporxoe [i]: big [b i g], lid [I i d ], his [hiz], sitting ['sitilJ].

rnacHaSi 0 B OTKPblTOM cnore Y~TaeTCSI [ou]: go [gou], home [hourn], tone [toun], alone [a'Ioun],

B 3aKpblToM - KopoTKoe [0]: dog [dog], lottery [Toterl], pot [pot], on [on].

r nacaas U H B anoasars, ~ B OTKPblTOM YA8pHOM cnore - 3TO [ju.]: use [ju:z], mule [rnju.l], refuse [r i'Iju.z].

8 aaxpsrroe - KopOTKoe [A]: bus [bAS], Russian ['rAIn], cut [kA t], nut [nx t ].

SYKBa V [w a i] B OTKPblTOM YAapHOM cnore 3BYY~T KaK [ail: by [bail, my [mail, rhyme [raim], dynamo ['dainamou].

B saxpsrrov 3BYY~T xoporxoe [i]: hymn [h i m ], gym [d3 i m ], rhythm [ri bm].

HanOM~HaeM, peYb wna 0 rnacaux nOA YAapeH~eM. 6e3Y,QapHble rnacsue, KaK npasano, aay-iar KOPOTKO, OAH~M "SSInblM" 3BYKOM, KOTOpbJM 0603HayaeT~SI 3Ha4KOM [a]: father ['10;58] - OTe1..\; collar ['ko18] - BOpOTH~K; mother ['mAb8] - MaTb; famous [Teirnas] - ~3BecTHbl£1; minus ['mainas] - M~HYC; teacher ['ti:tSa] - YYMTenb; neighbour ['nei bo] - coce.Q.

~HorAa rnacaas 6e3 Y,QapeHMSI COBceM He npOH3HOCHTCSI. 8 Han~caH~~ OHa ecrs, HO B pey~ He 3SYYHT.

button [bxtn] - nyroBHLta season [si.zn] - BpeMSI rOAa reason [ri.zn] - np~Y~Ha sudden [sxdn] - BHe3anHblH

16

Grammar - rpaMM8TMKa

Mbl XOT~M rosopars, '"I~TaTb, nacars no-aarnaacxa. We want to speak, read and write in English. Mbl XOT~M AeMCTBosars, OIUl sroro HaM Hy>KHbl cnoaa, Bblp8)t(alO~~e Ael1CTB~e, - cnosa, xoropue OTBe'"laIOT Ha sonpoc "fTO AenaTb. To ecrs rnaronsi, raxae, KaK do (AenaTb), go (~AT~), get (ncny-are). BOT e~e TP~ uAeAcTBeHHbIX" cnosa: like [laik] - nI06~Tb; see lsi:] - B~AeTb; take [teik] - 6paTb.

AHrn~McK~e maronu BeAyr ce6.f1 npouie PYCCK~X rnaronoa. no:pYCCK~ Mbl MeH.fIeM MHor04~cneHHble OKOH'"IaH~.fI: B~AeTb, B~>KY, B~A~Wb, B~A~M, B~A~Te ... A no-aarnaacxa - Bcero ABe CPOPMbl.

I see a ball. - 51 B~>KY M.fI'"I.

You see a ball. - Tbl B~A~Wb M.fI'"I. He sees a ball. - OH B~A~T M.fI'"I. She sees a ball. - OHa B~A~T M.fI'"I. We see a ball. - Mbl B~A~M M.fI'"I. You see a ball. - Bbl B~A~Te M.fI'"I. They see a ball. - OH~ B~A.fIT M.fI'"I.

Mbl AenaeM BbIBOA: .QI1.f1 scex nau - OA~HaKOBa.fl ¢>opMa see ~ ronsxo AIl.fl he (OH) ~ AIl.fl she (OHa), TO ecrs .QI1.f1 rpersero naua B eA~HCTBeHHOM '"I~cne, HY>KHO Ao6aB~Tb K OCHOBe OKOH'"IaH~e -so E~e np~Mepbl rpersero naua:

He helps his mother. - OH nosaoraer CBoeM MaTep~. She takes a pen. - OHa 6epeT PY'"IKY.

Question - Bonpoc

1. B PYCCKOM ecrs Tbl ~ BbI, a B aHrn~McKoM, nOXO>Ke ... OTBeT: AHrn~'"IaHe o6xOA.fITC.fI OAH~M you [ju.] (au), TaK~M o6pa30M B AHrn~~ see 06pal1.\alOTC.fI APyr K APYry ronsxo Ha BbI, 6YAb TO pOACTBeHH~K~, APY3b.fl, OAHOKnaCCH~K~. AHrn~'"IaHe O'"leHb Be>KIl~Bbl. The English are very polite.

17

2. Mbt·· Y3HanH, YTO· OH nO-aHrnHHCKH he, OHa -8he~ A KaK 6y.qeT OHO?

OTBer: It. Koporxoa nonesaoe CnOBeLiKO, KoropblM . Mbl MO>K8M saMeHSlTb cnOBa-CYLUeCTBHTenbHble. noe3A,M8WMH8, Sl6nOKO H .qa>Ke C068K8 - no-aHrnHHCKH see STO He OH, He OHa, a OHO - it!

I have a car. - Y MeHSI ecrs MaWHHa. It goes fast. - OHa eaer 6blCTpo.

We see· a train.- Mbl BH~HM noesa

It goes fast. - OH HAeT 6bICTpO.

Take this apple. - BosbMHTe STO ~6nOKO. It is nice. - OHO sxycaoe.

Tim has a dog. - Y THMa ecrs cooaxa. It is big. -OHa 60nbwaSl.

Phrases - c:Dpa3bl

Teneps Bbl caMH MO)f(eTe COCTaBHTb HeCKonbKO "OCMblcneH· HblXIt <ppas. Bpoae STHX:

I see Dad. - s:J BH)f(Y nany.

Dad sees Mum. - nana BHAlliT MaMy. He helps Mum. - OH novoraer MaMe. I take a ball. - s:I 6epy M~Y.

I like English. - s:I nt06ntO. aHrnHHcKHH.." We go home. - Mbl HAeM AOMOH~

We see Tim. - Mbl BH~HM THMa.

Hello, Tim. - 3ApaBcTBYH, THM.

Tim, take this apple. - TlIIM, BOSbMlII srosenoxo, Tim takes it. - THM 6epeT ero.

Exercises - Ynp8)l(HeHMR

Exercise 1. npOYHTaHTe 9TH npocrue cnoea - no npaaany, nOMH~ 06 OTKPblTOM H 3aKpblToM cnore.

Ale, bat, dust, dyke, hide, hit, home, hut, kite, lake, mule, me, poke, red, spike, tile.

18

Exercise 2. Pacnpenenare no .QByM rpynnaM: a nepBYIO - cnoaa, rne A npoM3HOCHTCft [ei], BO BTOPYIO co 3BYKOM [ee] npo.QenaWre TO )Ke cauoe co cnoaaMM, rne ecTb y.QapHaJf rnacaaa O.

B. Ace, pace, black, lady, cake, hatter, hate, later, sad, same, mad, baker, bank, pale, ham, lame, ladder, gate, marry, snake, carry, fate, spanner.

b. Pot, rope, hope, nod, note, close, hotter, lobby, token, spoken, pole, pond, lone, sorry.

Exercise 3. Say in English. - CKa>KMTe no~aHrnHMCKM.

4aWKa, nopr, coeaca, H.QTH, 3.QpaBcTByM, BM.QeTb, ManeHbKMM, OHO, t5e>KaTb, nouorars, 6paTb.

Exercise 4. Say in Russian. - CKa>KMTe no-pyccsa.

He, take, one, ball, alphabet, fast, train, get, we, lid, please, you, spell.

Exercise 5. nepeBe.QHTe cnoea B cK06Kax M nOCTaBbTe MX a Hy>KHOM ct>opMe.

1. I see (MaMa). (OHa) helps Dad.

2. I (nI06MTb) my dog. It is (ManeHbKMM).

3. (C06aKa), run fast! (lA.QM) home.

4. Tim lives in (flOH.QOH). It is in (AHrnMJf).

5. This city is (60nbwoM).

6. I see Tim and he (BMAeTb) me.

7. Tim (6paTb) his bag and he goes (.QoMoA).

8. He says, (no cBM.QaHMft). We say, (no saerpa),

YpOK 31

1 Lesson Three

To Be or not to Be

6bITb MnM He 6bITb

Pronunciation - npOM3HoweHMe

8 sa-ane KIDK,QOrO YPoKa nenaare paaM~HKY. He H8,QO npacenars ~ pasuaxaears pYKaM~ - 3TO paaM~HKa AJ151 flablxa, .QJl51 ronosu, He MblW~bl "paaorpers", a Mblcn~. nporOBOpare scnyx aecs anrpasar - Ha naM5ITb ~n~ no nepBOMY ypOKY Hawe~ KH~)f(K~. npO~~Ta~Te CTPO~KY co cnoaava - ~a pasnena 3SYKH. Hanpavep, cnosa c [i) ~ [i:].

[i) it, sit, shilling, ticket, bitter, sitter, hit, did, lid

[i:] tree, he, meat, seed, lead, read, see, sea, deed, eat

np~CMOTpeBw~cb KO BTOpO~ crpo-uce, "ccpopMyn~pyeM" npasano: .QBo~Hoe e ~ coseraaae rnacaux ea AalOT OA~H ~ TOT xe aBYK - nonroe [i:].

Mbl nOMH~M: there are twenty-six letters in English. Y aHrn~~aH aa ceMb 6YKB MeHbwe, ~eM B PYCCKOM ampaeare. HeT Y H~X H~ 6YKBbi "I, H~ W ... Ho BeAb B cnose she [Ii.] (oaa) ~BHO cnsuuarcs W, a B cheese [tji.z] (cup) -rerxo vnaenasaercs "I. lI1a Han~CaH~5I B~AHO, -rro ABe 6YKBbl, coenaH~B, TaK cxaaars, yc~n~5I, noraoraor ~3AaTb "uransuiee' she ~ 3TO P8,QOCTHOe cheese. nO~eMY PBAoqTHoe, -rro raxoro Becenora B 06blKHOBeHHOM MonO~HOM npOAYKTe?

np~ ynoM~HaH~~ cupa BcnOM~HaeWb aHrn~C1cK~x rpororpacpOB. OH~ HaBOA5IT Ha aac ct>oToannapaT ~ npocsr:

Say cheese! - CKIDK~Te cheese!

npo~aHeC~Te cheese [tji.z]. 3aMeT~n~, aaui pOT caM pacT5Ir~BaeTC~ B ynbl6Ke. PYCCK~e cpOTorpacpbl B TaK~X cny-aax npocsr ynbl6HYTbCfI. Ilasaare ynbl6aTbcfI. Let's smile.

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CO"teTaHMSI cornacasix
6YKBbi 3BYK~ np~Mepbl
ch [tS] children (AeT~), which (KOTOpbIH)
sh [S] ship (xopaene), fish (pbI6a)
th [8 ] thing (seuis), both (06a)
[5 ] this (STOT), with (c)
ng [IJ ] song (neCH5I), singing (neH~e)
ck [k] stick (nan Ka), stocking (yynoK)
ph [ f] phone (Ten eCPO H) , elephant (cnou) , Hexoropue 6YKBbl, Ha060pOT, caM ~ AaKlT no ABa 3BYKa.

Hanpauep, C Y~TaeTCR ~n~ [s], ~n~ [k]. 6YKBa G naer 3ByK~ [d3] ~ [g]. Ecn~ Bbl He saaere, KaK npo-urrars He3HaKOMoe cnOBO, B KOTOPOM ecrs 9T~ 6YKBbl, BcnOM~HaHTe npocroe npasano:

C Y~TaeTCR KaK [s] nepen rnaCHblMH e, i, y: centre ['sentd] - uearp: city ['siti] - ropon: cypress ['sai pris] - K~napHc.

B OCTaJlbHblX cnysaax 6YAeT 3ByK [k]: carpet ['ka:pit] - KOBep; coffee ['kofi] - Kocpe; cut [kxt] - pesars: act [&kt]Ae~cTBoBaTb; music ['mju:zik] - MY3bIKa.

6YKBa G naer 3ByK [dj] nOXO)f(~H Ha pyccxoe AlK, nepen rnaCHblM~ e, i, y: geometry [dyi'omitr i] - reoverpas: giant ['d3aidnt] - BenHKaH; gym [dyirn] - CnOpT3aJl.

OAHaKo ecrs ~CKJ1KlyeH~5f co 3BYKOM [g]: get [get] - nony-rars: girl [gd:l] - AeBOYKa; give [giv] - nasars.

nepeA rnaCHblM~ a, 0, u, nepen cornacauva H B KOHu.e cnosa G naer 3ByK [g]: garden ['ga:dn] - can: good [gud] - XOpOWH~; gun [gxn] - PY?Kbe; grow [grau] - paCTH; big [big] - 60nbwo~.

Ho XBaT~T 0 aayxax, noroBop~M 0 Illexcnape. Let's talk about Shakespeare. noroBopHM 0 nsece raMner. Let's talk about Hamlet . .aaTcK~~ npuau aanaer xpecToMaT~~Hbl~ Bonpoe: 6blTb HnH He 6blTb? B oparasane 9TO 3BYYHT TaK: To be or not to be?

21

C,QenaeM rpaMMaT~yeCK~M paaeop raMneTOBCKOM ct>pa3bl.

Ilpexne BCerO, Bbl,Qen~M rnaron be (6bITb).


Mbl rosopaea: ~ - yy~Tenb, Tbl - yyeH~K ... B aHrn~~cKoM oesaarensso CTaB~TC~ CB~3Ka: ~ ecrs yY~Tenb, Tbl ecrs yyeH~K, OH~ ecrs aHrn~yaHe, nepeao ecrs BbICOKoe, nOH,QOH ecrs cronaua AHrn~~... B xa-recrae CB~3K~ ~cnonb3yIOTc~ pasasie ct>OPMbl rnarona be: am [rem], are [a:], is [iz]. KornaTO ~ Haw~ npe,QK~ rosopana: aa eCMb, Tbl eCM ... B PYCCKOM 3T~ ct>OPMbl rnarona 6blTb ~Cye3n~, B aHrn~MCKOM OH~ coxpaH ~n ~Cb ~ n po~BeTaIOT.

The Present - HaCTOSl11&ee BpeMSI
The Singular - EAMHcTBeHHoe "tMcno
I am a teacher. s:I yy lIITen b .
You are a boy. Tbl ManbY~K.
Tim is English. T ~M aHrnlllyaHlIIH.
Jane is English. P;KeMH aHrnlllyaHKa.
A tree is high. .Qepeso BbICOKoe.
The Plural - MHO)l(eCTBeHHoe "IMCnO
We are Russian. Mbl pyccK~e.
You are Russian. Bbl pyccxae,
They are English. OHlII aHrn~yaHe. VlccnenyeM nansuie sbICKa3bIBaH~e' raMneTa.

nepe,Q be CTOlliT cneuaansuaa yaCT~~a to, KOTopa~ yxasuaaer: rnaron B Heonpe,QeneHHoM ct>opMe, OH oreesaer ua Bonpoe "tTO AenaTb?

HanlllweM HeonpeneneHHYIO ct>OPMY HeCKonbKlIIX rnaronos.

Let's write a few English verbs. rnacHa~ 0 B yaCTlII~e to naer cna6eHbKlII~ 3ByK [d], HanOM~HalOl.L\~M 6e3ynapHoe pYCCKoe 3 B cnoae aran. O,QHaKO ecna rnaron HaY~HaeTCfI C rnacuoro 3BYKa, to 6yneT 3syyaTb KaK [tu].

22

to cook [ta'kuk]- rOTOB~Tb (e,qy)

to come [ta'kxrn] - np~xoA~Tb, npaeaxars to have [ta'heev] - ~MeTb

to read [to'ri.d] - 4~TaTb

to say [ta' sei] - roaopars, cxaaars to take [ta'teik] - 6paTb

to want [ta'wont] - XOTeTb to eat [tu'i.t] - ecrs (e,qy)

to open [tu'oupan] - orxpuaars

Phrases - CDpa3bl

COCTaB~M HeCKonbKO npe.o.nO)l(eH~H, ~cnonbay~ maronu B aeonpenenesaoa cpopMe. Let's make a few sentences.

I want to eat. - 71 XOyy ecrs.

Dad wants to eat, too, - nana roxe X04eT ecrs,

We help Mum to cook. - Mbl novoraeu MaMe rOTOB~Tb. Tim comes to say hello. - T~M npaxonar nosnopoaarsca. I want to have new friends. - 71 X04Y ~MeTb HOBblX APyaeH. We like to read. - Mbl n106~M 4~TaTb.

She wants to take her hat. - OHa XOyeT asars CBOIO umsny, I want to open the window. - 51 xo-ry OTKPblTb OKHO.


4TO euie MO)f(HO u~aBneYb" ~a ravneroecxoro sonpoca? OH noncxaausaer HaM: B aHrn~HCKOM ~ablKe OTp~u.aH~e oepasyer ~ C~ C nOMO~blO 4aCT~Ubl not [not], xoropaa nepeBOA~TC~ pycCK~M He. Ba~B urexcnapoecxoe aucxaauaaaae aa oopaseu, a8.Q8.Q~MC~ ~ Mbl cp~nococpcK~M~ pa3AyMb~M~:

To go or not to go? - V1AT~ ~n~ He ~AT~? (8 wKony.)

To eat or not to eat? - ECTb ~n~ He ecrs? (nfirylO KOHC/Jery.) To say or not to say? - rOBOp~Tb ~n~ He rosopars?

(PO,QHTenfiM 0 ,QBoHKe.)

To have or not to have? - V1MeTb ~n~ He ~MeTb? (eTO py6neH, eTO ,QpY3eH.)

23

Teneps C nOMOlltblO "'IaCTHu.bl not 6YAeM OTHeKHBaTbCfI H BCe orpsuars. OnpeAenHM, KTO ecrs KTO, BepHee, KTO He ecrs KTO, Hcnonb3Yfl old [ould] (crapua, crapas, crapoe): young [jAtJ] (MonoAoH, MonOAafl, MonoAoe); high [hail (euCOKHH, BbICOKafl, BblcoKoe) H Y>Ke 3HaKOMbie HaM English H Russian.

Negation - OTpM'_'aHMe

The Singular - EAMHcTBeHHoe ~Mcno

I am not English. I am not young.

You are not English. You are not old.

Tim is not Russian. -He is not old.

Jane is not Russian. She is not old.

The tree is not high. It is not old.

Sl He aHrnH"'IaHHH. ,Sl He MonOAO~.

Tu He aHrnH"'IaHHH. Tu He crapsni,

THM He PYCCKHH.

OH He crapua. D.>t<e~H He pyccxaa, OHa He crapas. Ilepeso He BbICOKoe. OHO He crapoe.

The Plural - MHolKecTBeHHoe ~Mcno

We are not young. You are not old. They are not high.

Word - CnoBo

Mbl He MonOAble. Bbl He crapue, OHH He BbICOKHe.

06CYAHM aonpocarensaoe cnOBO how [h au] (KaK). OHO BXOAHT B COCTaB cnenyiouiax paarosopaux ¢pa3.

How are you? - KaK Bbl (nO>KHBaeTe)? How are things? - KaK nena?

How ecrpe-aercs He ronsxo B sonpocax. MO>KHO Hcnonb- 30BaTb ero AJlfl coeAHHeHHfI ABYX npocrux npeJJ.IlO>KeHHH B OAHO CnO>KHoe.

24

I see how Mum cooks. - H B~>KY, KaK MaMa rOToB~T.

I see how Dad helps her. - H B~>KY, KaK nana novoraer e~. She sees how he runs. - OHa B~.Q~T, KaK OH 6eraeT. We see how flowers grow. - Mbl B~A~M, KaK pacryr LlBeTbJ.

Phrases - CDpa3bl

CIleAYIOI.J..l~e cppa3bl nocrpoeau C nOMOl.J..lblO COlO3a and (a), YAapeH~e nanaer Ha CYl.J..leCTB~TenbHble YI rnaronu. And [and] CTaHOBHTC~ KaK 6bl 6e3YAapHbiM CIlorOM nepsoro CIlOBa.

Bread and butter. Tea and milk. Sing and dance. Come and see. Wait and see. Two and two.

['breddnd'bAtd] [f i.and'milk] ('siOdnd'da.:ns] ['kAmdnd'si: ] [weltend'si: ] [Tu.arid'tu: ]

Translation - nepeBoA

XIle6 C MaCIlOM.

4a~ C MOIlOKOM.

no~ ~ TaHLW~. npYlXOA~ ~ yB~A~Wb. nOAO)I(.Q~ ~ YB~A~Wb. llBa nIlIOC ABa.

Ilpa nspesone and Hcnonb3Y~Te COlO3 M HIlH npennor c.

VlHorAa YAo6Hee nepsnars and COlO30M a.

I help Mum and Dad. - H noaorao MaMe H nane. We see Tim and Ann. - Mbl B~AHM T~Ma H SHH.

He is big and she is little. - OH 60IlbWO~, a OHa ManeHbKast. I like bread and butter. - H 111061110 XIle6 C MacnOM.

Tim likes fish and chips. - T~M IlI06~T pbl6y C >KapeHO~ xaproureoa.

Conversation - Pa3rOBOp

nocnywaeM, KaK npoacxonar 6blCTPblH o6MeH npasercraaaM~ Me)I(.QY T~MoM Hero OAHOKIlaCCHHL4eH SHH.

Tim: Hello, Ann.

Ann: Hello, Tim. How are you?

Tim: I am fine. And you?

Ann: I am fine.

25

8HH ~cnonb3yeT B OTBeTe npanararenssoe fine [fain] (npeKpacHbl~, oTnw"'IHbl~). Paarosopaoe I am fine cooraercraysr pyCCK~M cppa3aM Y MeHR ace HopManbHo, Y MeHR ace 38Me"laTenbHO, Bce a nopRAKe.

Tim: How is your sister?

Ann: She is all right.

Tim: And how are your cats and dogs?

Ann: They are OK.

T~M noaarepecosancs, KaK noxasaer cecrpa 8HH. OeBO'-lKa OTBeT~na, '-ITO y cecrpu roxs see B ncpsnxe, HO reneps BMeCTO fine 8HH ~cnonb30Bana all right [o.l'r ait] (ace xopoWO, see B nopanxe). AMep~KaHcKoe aupaxesaa OK ['ou'kei] ~MeeT raxos xe 3Ha'-leH~e: ace xopowo.

Tim: How are your Mum and Dad?

Ann: They are OK.

3aKOH'-I~B caoe sucrynneaae nepen cnvurarensua ~n~ OTBeT~S Ha sonpoc y'-l~Ten~, cxaxare That is all, '-ITO cOOTBeTcrayer PYCCKOMY 3TO ace,

That is all. - (3TO) see.

That is all for today. - Ha ceronns sce.

Exercises - Ynpa>KHeHMR

Exercise 1. Read these words. - npO'-l~Ta~Te aT~ cnosa.

Lick, song, thing, photo, chip, eat,' ship, gem, greet, luck, gate, cement, log, face, king, goblin, nice, carry, city, phrase, cycle, actor, meat, face, creed.

Exercise 2. Put in the missing words. - Bcraasre nponyLQeHHbie cnosa (sro CPOPMbl rnarona be).

1. Nick ... young.

2. I ... old.

3. Ann ... English.

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4. You ... Russian.

5. They... little.

6. We ... fine.

7. Two and two ... four.

8. How you? - I ... fine.

9. How Tim? - He .. , OK.

10. How his mum? - She '" all right.

Exercise 3. Make these sentences negative using not. - CAena~Te 3TH npeAflO)l(eHHfI oTpHu.aTenbHblMH, ~cnonb3Yfl -iacTHU.Y not.

1. They are Russian.

2. Ann is big.

3. Tim is Russian.

4. I am little.

5. One and one is four.

6. London is little.

7. We are English.

8. A tree is red.

9. They are young.

10. That is all.

Exercise 4. Translate into English. - Flepesenare Ha aarnH~cKHH.

1. 51 MMbYHK.

2. 51 6onbwo~.

3. 51 PYCCKHH.

4. 51 rnoemo MaMY H nany.

5. 51 ruoomo Y~TaTb.

6. 51 nOMOratO MaMe.

7. 51 eM xne6 C MacnOM.

8. Y MeHfI ace B nopsnxe.

· YpOK 41

1 Lesson Four

We Are Just Fine

Y Hac Bee OTn~~HO

Pronunciation - npoMSHoweHMe

.QBo~Hoe 0 naer 3ByK [u]. B 60nbWlt1HCTBe cnysaes STOT 3BYK .Qonrlt1~.

[u] book, cook, foot, good, look, rook

[u:] boot, cool, doom, food, goose, loose, room, root

npaBlt1nbHO np0lt13HeCeM lt1 BbIY4lt1M cne.QylO~lt1e cnoea: OHlt1 nOH8.Q06snc~ HaM Ha cerO.QH~WHeM ypoxe.

school [sku.l] n uixona

study ['stAdi] v Y4lt1TbC5I, 3aHlt1MaTbC5I answer [c.nso] n OTBeT

question ['kwestSn] n sonpoc

master ['ma:st8] n MacTep, Y4lt1Tenb listen If] i sn] v cnyurars

great [grei t] a Benlt1Klt1~, 60nbwo~ night [nait] n H04b

head [h ed] n ronosa; a rnaBHbll1

Conversation - Paarcaop

It is morning. YTpO. Tlt1M npaaercrsyer csoero npyra CSMa no nopore B uixony, Tim greets Sam on his way to school.

Tim: Hello, Sam.

Sam: Hello, Tim. How are you?

Tim: I am fine, thank you.

The English are polite. AHrnlt14aHe Be)Kfllt1Bble: OHlt1 4aCTO lt1CnOnb3YIOT thank you (cnacaoo), xoropoe B Henplt1HY)K.QeHHOM pasroeope, KaK npasano, coxpauiaerca AO thanks [ece1Jks ].

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Tim: Hello, Ann. How are things?

Ann: OK, thanks. And how are you?

Tim: Just fine. See you later.

Ann: Bye!

Oree-iaa Ha eonpoc, T~M COKpaT~n I am fine AO fine, A06aB~B K He My xopowee pasroeopaoe CnOBeYKO just [d3AS t]. OHO "ycanasaer" rppasy; BMeCTO 38Me"faTenbHO nonysanocs npocro 38Me"f8TenbHo, nonHblM nop~OK.

Word - CnOBO

OA06pSlSf YTo-n~60, P8AYSlCb yeMy~To, nonsayarecs 3T~M pasroeops blM just.

Just fine! - npOCTO aenaxonenaol MnH: Bce oTn~4Ho! Just great! - npOCTO anoposol MnH: 6ecnoA06Ho'

Just xopowo "ycanar' re cppaabl C rnaronava, xoropue scrpe-ianacs HaM B npeAbIAY~~X ypoxax,

Just look! - HY-Ka, BarnSlH~Te! Just listen! - HY-Ka, nocnyuraarel

Just come and see! - HY-Ka, ~A~Te CIOAa ~ nOCMOTp~Te! Just wait and see! - BOT nOAO>K,Q~Te, CeHyaC YB~A~Te!


Just listen to me. BOT nocnyuiaare MeH~: 6YKBa t B rnarons listen He npo~aHOC~TC~. OHa "HeMaSf". The letter t is mute. noroBop~M 0 npennore to. OH yxaaueaer: K KOMY, K yeMy, B KaKOM HanpaBneH~~ npoacxonar AB~)KeH~e.

Tim comes to me. - T~M npaxonar KO MHe. We go to school. - Mbl ~AeM B uixony,

npeAflor to yxaauaaer TaK:>Ke, K KOMY ~n~ K 4eMY oopa~eHO Hawe BH~MaH~e, KYAa aanpaanesa uauia peYb.

29

We listen to the teacher. - Mbl cnywaeM y"tMTenst. Tim listens to music. - rMM cnyurasr My3bIKY. Tim speaks to me. - rMM rOBopMT co MHO~.

np9AI10r to cosnanaer no HanMcaHMIO M 3sy"taHMIO C "tacTMlle~ to. npeAllOr crasarca nepe.Q cy~ecTsMTenbHbIMM. l.faCTM~ to CTOMT nepeA rnaronou, YKa3blsaSl: OH a HeonpeAeneHHO~ q>oPMe.

Tim likes to ("IaCTHL/S) listen to (npe/V1or) music. - rMM nlO6MT onyuiars My3bIKY.

Misha goes to (npewlor) England to ("ISCTHL/a) study. - MMwa eAeT a AHrnMIO y"tMTbCSI.

Discussion - 06cY*AeHMe

Bcrpe-iaacs C y"'lMTenSlMM (teachers), C AMpeKTOpOM WKonbl (headmaster), C po.QMTenSlMM csoero APyra (his friend's parents), rMM SMeCTO hello noanoposaerca eonee oct>M~anbHo.

Good morning. - Jl06poe yrpo, Good afternoon. - Jl06PbIM AeHb. Good evening. - Jl06PbIM se"'lep.

Yrpo - STO SpeMSI OT paccsera (dawn) AO nonYAHSI. nonAeHb no-aHrnMMcKM noon [nu.n] A "'ITO nOTOM, nocne Hero - after it? CKI18.QblsaeM after + noon, nonY"'laeM afternoon ['a:fta'nu:n]' (nocnenonyneaaoe epeMSI, AeHb). Be"'lep no-aarnMMcKM evening ['i:vniIJ].

06paTMTe eHMMaHMe aa npeanor s cneAylO~Mx ¢lpa-3ax: in the morning (YTPOM), in the afternoon (AHeM), in the evening (ee"'lepoM), in the daytime (e AHeeHoe epeMSI).

n03AHMM ee"'lep M HO"'lb no-aHrnMMcKMnight [n a it]. YXOASI M3 rocrea MnM ornpaanaacs cnars, aHrnM"'IaHe roaopsr - Ha npouiaaae:

Good night. - CnoKoMHoM HO"'lM.

30

LI1TaK, YTPOM THM SAopOBaeTCfI co CBoe~ WKonbHOK YYHTenbHH~eH. He 'says good morning to his school teacher.

YYHTenbHH~Y aOBYT MapM rpHH. She 'is Mary Green. OHa npocro MspH AJlf1 pO.QcTBeHHHKoB H APY3eH .. She is just Mary to her relations-and friends. Ho, AJlfl WKOfibHHKOB,.AnRHe3HaKoMblxnlO.Qe~ H ,B ocpHl.,tHanbHblx cnysasx OHa MHCC.,C rpHH - she is MrsGreen~ .. .: '

THM anoposaercs C AHpeKTopoM unconsr, He says hello to the headmaster. Headmaster [fredmwsta] oepasosaao "cno}f(eHHeM" cnoa head (rnaBHbl~) H master (YYHTenb) .. ; .

OHpeKTopa WKonbl 30BYT OSBHA 6paYH. He is David Brown . .Qnfl WKonbHHKOB H B -ocpH~~anhHoH 06cTaHoBKe OH rocnonau 6paYH, MHCTep 6paYH - he is Mr Brown.

Note~ - npMMe ... aHMR

Ha nHCbMe aHrnHyaHe HHKorAa nonsocruo He BocnpOH3BOAflT cnosa MMCTepH MMC'CMC. Tonsxo B coxpauieasov BHAe:

Mr, Mrs Ho YHTaIOTC~ 3TH COKpa~eHHfI non HOCTblO: ['mista], ['misiz]. Hecxonsxo npHMepOB:

Mr Brown ['mista 'braun] Mr .Bliss ['mista 'blis] Mrs Green ['misiz 'gri:n] Mrs Baker ['misiz 'beika]

aTH ''THTYnbl'' CTaBflTCfI nepen cpaMHnHe~ HnH nepen HMeHeM BMeCle c cpaMHnHe~, HO He nepen HMeHeM.

,,(J)aMHnHfI THM8- 6elltKep. He is Baker. He is Tim Baker.

His father is Andrew ['rendru:]. iHe isMr Baker. He is Mr Andrew Baker. Tim's mother is Nancy ['nrensi]. She is Mrs Baker. She is Mrs Nancy Baker. They are Mr and Mrs Baker,

Conversation - PaaroBop

Tim: Good morning, Mrs Green.

Mrs Green: Good morning, Tim. How are you?' Tim: I am fine.

Mrs Green: How are Mr and Mrs Baker?

Tim: They are OK, thank you.

31


Mb. nlO6onblTHbl, XOT~M Y3HaTb: T~M c~nbHbl~? A M~CC~C rp..,H, ero yY"'TenbH~~, MonoAa~? A A~peKTOp y H~X CTpO~~? JlnJl CBO~X paccnpocos uBOOpy>K"'MC~" np~naraTenbHbIM"':

strong [s tron] a c..,nbHbl~ clever ['klev~] a YMHbJM strict [strikt] a CTpor..,M busy ['bizi] a aaHS1TbJ~

young [j A IJ] a MonoAo~ kind [kaind] a Ao6pblM old [au 1 d] a cTapblM free [Ir i.] a cBo6oAHbl~

Bonpocsi CTPOJlTCJI OyeHb npOCTO. BOT yTBepA"'TenbHa~ ¢lpasa: I am strong (JI c..,nbHbJM). MeH~eM MeCTaM~ I .., am ~ y Hac nony-aerca aonpocarensaoe npe,Q110>KeH~e. TOYHO TaK )tee BbIHOC..,M B HaLfano npeWlO)teeHHSI CBSl3K.., ara ~ is.

Am I strong? - ft c..,nbHbl~? Are you clever? - Tbl YMHbl~?

Is your headmaster strict? - 8aw A"'peKTOp crporaa? Is Mrs Green kind? - M~cc~c rp..,H A06pa~?

Tensps BO MHO)l(eCTBeHHOM y~cne. Now in the plural.

Are we young? - Mbl MonoAble? Are you clever? - 8bl YMHble? Are they old? - OH~ crapue?


38AaBa~ nOA06Hbl~ sonpoc no-pyccxa Mbl unoAH..,MaeM" ronoc K KOHl..\y qJpa3bl. TaKo~ )l(e "noAbeM" cnbIW~TC~ B aHrn~~CKOM Is she strict? 3anoMH~Te npocroe npasano: B aHrn..,McKO~ peY.., see eonpocu, Ha xoropue cnenyer OTBeT A8 ~n~ HaT, npO~3HOC~TC~ C nOAbeMOM ~HTOHal..\"'''' - Ha nocneAHeM YAapHOM cnore B npeAnO)f(eH~"'.

OHa _j crporas? Is she _j strict?

Tbl _j saH~T? OH~ _j A06pble?

Are you _j busy? Are they _j kind?

32

~raK, B OTBer aa sonpoc rana Are you busy? MO)l(HO ycnsuuars yes (.Qa) HnH no (HeT). npH 3TOM aHrnw .. taHe rOBOpar He npOCTO AS, OHH roaopsr: na, ~ ecrs, .Qa, OHH ecrs ... CHOBa Hcnonb3ylOTC~ q,OPMbl rnarona be.

Are you busy? - Bbl 3aH~Tbl? Yes, I am. - Ila, (3aH~T).

Are they free? - OHH cB060.QHbl? Yes, they are. - Aa, (cB060.QHbl).

B orpauarensuux oraerax KpoMe no Hcnonb3yeTc~ Hy)l(· Ha~ q,opMa rnarona be H '-IaCTH~a not.

Is he busy? - OH 3aH~T?

No, he is not. - HeT, (He 3aH~T). Is she free? - OHa cB060.QHa?

No, she is not. - HeT, (He cB060.QHa).

Quotation - UMTaTa

npO'-lHTaeM He60nbwOH OTPblBOK H3 aHrnHHCKOH .ueTCKO~ 6H6nHH. Let's read a small passage from the Children's Bible. OTPblBOK B3~T H3 KHHrH OTKpoaeHHR 1II0BHHa Botocnoes. The passage is from The Revelation to John.

The Lord God says, "I am the Alpha and the Omega. am the One who is and was and is coming. I am the AIIPowerful."

I am John, and I am your brother in Christ. We are together in Jesus.

Notes - npMMe"laHMR

1. 06paTHTe BHHMaHHe, KaK be paooraer CB~3KOH 6YKaansao B Ka)I(.QOM npeAllO)l(eHHH: I am the Alpha and the Omega; I am the One who is ... B npouiemuea BpeMeHH be HMeeT q,OPMY was [wos] (6blfl).

33

2. Mbl 06blLtHO nepesonaa John [djon] KaK ,(bKOH, HO B 6ltl6neHCKltlX TeKCTax 9TO lo108HH.

~MSf lo1Mcyc XPMCTOC no aHrnltlHCKltl nauierca Jesus Christ ltl npoasaocarcs ['d3i:z8s'kr ai st],

3. Anb<pa ltl overa - nepaas ltl nocnenaaa 6YKBbi rpe-iecxoro anoaeara. n09TOMY MO)l(HO nspaaecra 6YKBanbHO: 51 anblPa M OMera. A MO)f(HO ltl sonsuo: 51 Ha~ano M KOHeL\ scero.

Focnons 60r rosopar: ~ Anb<pa ~ OMera. 71 - TOT, KTO ecrs, H 6bln, H npaner, 71 - BceMory~ltlH.

71 ~oaHH, 6paT aaui BO XpHCTe. Mbl e~Io1Hb( B ~Hcyce.

4. C04eTaHHe cornacaux th naer 3BOHKltl~ 3SYK [b] B cnosax brother ['brAb8] (6paT) H together [t8'geb8] (BMecre), B orna-rae, CKCVKeM, OT thank [8&1Jk] (onaronapwrs), me 3ByLtltlT rnyxoe [8].

5. 8 aexoropsrx 6H6neHcKHx BbICKa3bIBaHIo151X be acrpe-raeTCSf B "LtltlCTOM BHAe" - TO ecrs Hcnonb3yeTcR ero ocsoaa.

Let there be light! - ,Qa 6y~eT cser:

Let there be lights in the sky. - Ila 6y~yr ceervna B He6e. God's grace be with you. - 60)l(bR 6naro~aTb na 6y~eT C

BaM~.

Exercises - Ynpa)l(HeHMR

Exercise 1. Choose the correct answer. - Bbl6eplo1Te npaBltlnbHbl~ OTBeT.

Question: Are you English?

Answer. Yes, I am/No, I am not.

Question: Are you clever?

Answer. Yes, I am/No, I am not.

Question: Is your Mum kind?

Answer. Yes, she is/No, she is not.

Question: Is Tim English?

Answer. Yes, he is/No, he is not.

34

Question: Is London in England?

Answer. Yes, it is/No, it is not.

Question: Is Mrs Green a headmaster?

Answer. Yes, she is/No, she is not.

Question: Are we in England?

Answer. Yes, we are/No, we are not.

Question: Is Mr Brown a teacher?

Answer. Yes, he is/No, he is not.

Question: Are Tim and Ann in Russia?

Answer. Yes, they are/No, they are not.

Exercise 2. Put in the missing forms of the verb be. - BCTaBbTe nponyuieaaua <pOPMbl rnarona be.

1. I ... busy.

2. We ... young and clever.

3. She '" young and kind.

4. They ... English.

5. Tim and Tom boys.

6. Ann and Jane girls.

7. Mr Brown a headmaster.

S. Mrs Green a teacher.

9. Tim and Ann ... brother and sister.

10. Mr and Mrs Baker ... Timts dad and mum.

Exercise 3. Make these sentences negative. - Caenaare aT~ npeAflO)l(eH~~ OTp~l..\8TenbHbIMH.

1. Mr Baker is Russian.

2. Mrs Green is strict.

3. We are English.

4. Mr Brown is young.

5. Mr and Mrs Baker are in Russia.

6. COt5SKS is cat in English.

7. Like is BMAeTb in Russian.

S. They are free . in the morning.

9. They are busy in the afternoon.

10. We are in England.

I Lesson Five

YpOK 51

Who Are You?

KTO Bbl?


COyeTaHMe cornacaux ph [f) ecrpevaercs B cnoaax, KOTOpue 06pa30BaHbi OT IlpeBHerpe'-teCKMX KOpHe~.

photograph [' lou tagrcef] - C1loTorpaC1lMst physics ['fiziks] - C1lM3MKa

telephone ['telifoun] - renerpos prophet ['profit] - npopoK

6YKBa W He np0lo13HOCMTCSf nepen CO'-teTaHMeM ho. OHa TalOKe He naer 3BYKa nepen comacaoa r.

who [hu.] - KTO whom [hu.rn] - Koro whose [hu.z] - '-te~ whole [hou I] - uenblH

wreck trek] - KpyweHMe write [rait] - nMcaTb

wrist [r is t] - aanscrse wrong [ron] - HenpaBMnbHbl~

Co-ieraaae rnaCHblX ow naer, KaK npasano, IlBO~HO~ 3BYK (IlMcpToHr) [a u].

how [hau] - KaK town [taun] - ropoA

now [nau] - Tenepb cow [kau 1 - xoocea.

OAHaKO B bowl (MMcKa) M snow (c-er) 3By'-tMT [ou]. ECTb CYLLteCTBMTenbHoe row [rau], xoropoe oasa-iaer WyM, raanr, M ecrs row [rou] - PRA. Taxos >Ke "pasao-rreuae" C bow. nepsoe bow [b au] MMeeT 3Ha '-teH Me n0Kl10H Mnlo1, KaK rnaron, Kl18HIITbCIi. Bropoe bow [bou] - aTO nyK (TOT, M3 xoroporo crpenmor), a raxxe CMbl'iOK (TOT, KOTOPblM MrpalOT Ha CKpMnKe). He neH~TeCb "n~UJHH~ pas" nposepars npoM3HoweHlo1e M, rnaasoe, CMblcn no cnoeapo.

36

Word - CnOBO

Taxae peAK~e CnOBa KaK prophet He 06~3aTenbHO 3anOM~aare, a "'ITO HY>KHO 06~3aTenbHO 3aYY~Tb, TaK STO npocros yxaaareneaoe CnOBeYKO this [bis] (STOT, STa, STO).

OCMOTP~M CBOta KOMHaTY, noxaaueas Ha npeAMeTbl:

This is a door. - aTO naeps, This is a window. - aTO OKHO. This is a table. - aTO cron,

Teneps npeACTaB~M, "'ITO K BaM npaexan T~M 6e~Kep ~3 AHrn~lo1 lo1 Bbl 3HaKOM~Te ero co csoea MaMO~.

Mum, this is Tim. - MaMa, STO T~M.

Tim, this is my mother. - T~M, STO MO~ MaMa.

nOCTaB~M this nepen yenOBeKOM lo1nlo1 npeAMeTOM, TO ecrs nepen oAyweBneHHblM ~n~ HeoAyweBneHHblM cvuiecrearensHblM ~ nonYY~TC~ 3TOT YenOBeK, 3TOT npeAMeT.

Ecnlo1 B PYCCKOM Mbl pa3nlo1yaeM Me)I(.Qy MY>KCK~M, >KeHCK~M ~ cpeAH~M POAOM, TO B aHrn~~CKOM POA He ~MeeT 3HayeHlo1~. OYeHb npOCTO.

this boy - STOT ManbYlo1K this man - STOT My>KY~Ha this jam - STO aapease

this girl - STa AeBOYKa

this woman - STa >KeHlltlo1Ha this window - STO OKHO


npoAOn>Ka~ ocMaTp~BaTb KOMHaTY, nOKIDKeM Ha KaKo~-Hlo16YAb npe.QMeT lo1 cnpoclo1M: 3m LfTO raxoe? no-aHmlo1~CtGo1 .Qn~ nOA06Horo sonpoca rpeeyercs cnOBO what [wot] ("'ITO).

What is this? - 4TO STO? This is a floor. - aTO non. This is a wall. - aTO CTeHa. This is a clock. - aTO yaCbl.

37

Bropoe BOnpOC~TenbHOe cnOBO who (KTO) nouoraer HaM n03HaKOM~TbCfl C LlenOBeKOM, C nlOAbM~ - C cyuiecrsaua oAyweBneHHblM~ ~, B ~enOM, pa3YMHbIM~.

Who is this? - KTO STO? Who is he? - KTo OH? Who is she? - KTo oua? Who are they? - KTo OH~?

4TO nsnars, ecna K BaM oeparanacs c TaK~M BonpOCOM?

OTBeLlaTb: MeHfI 30Byr, npeAnOnO)f(~M, Kons, Kons 6ynK~H. A STO KTo? A STO T~M 6e~Kep, MO~ aHrn~~CK~~ APYr.

Who are you? - KTO asr?

I am Nick. I am Nick Bulkin. - 51 Kons. ~ Kons 6ynK~H. Who is this boy? - KTo STOT ManbLl~K?

This is TIm Baker, my English friend. - 8TO T~M 6e~Kep, MO~ aHrn~~cK~~ APYr.

What ~ who ~cnonb3ylOTcfI He ronsxo B sonpocax, C ~x nOMO~blO MO)f(HO CTpO~Tb noeecraoaarensasre npe.Q1l0)l(eH~fI.

We eat what we have. - Mbl eA~M TO, LITO Y Hac ecrs, He knows what is what. - OH 3HaeT, LITO K .LleMY.

I know what to do. - ~ 3HalO LITO nenars,

Let's wait and see who comes first. - Ilasaare nOAO)f(.QeM ~ nOCMOTp~M, KTO npaner nepBblM.

ECTb PYCCKafi nocnosaua: He ow~6aeTCfI TOT, KTO H~Llero He nenaer, AHrn~LlaHe roaopsr: He who makes no mistakes, makes nothing. Ecn~ 6YKBanbHO: TOT, KTO He nenaer H~KaK~x OW~60K, H~Llero He nenaer.

Notes - npMMe"l8HMR

6YKBa k He npO~3HOC~TCfI B nOnO)f(eH~~ nepen n.

know [nou] - 3HaTb knee [ni.] - xoneao

knock [n 0 k] - cry-tars knife [naif] - HO)f(

38

Quotation - UMTaTa

EBaHren~CT MaTcpeVi noaecrayer 0 Bbe3Ae V1~cyca B ropon V1epycan~M: O.QH~ nK).Q~ BOCXBanfilOT ero, a npyrae B036y)t(.QeH~ HO cnpaumsaor: KTO CeVi?

The people asked, "Who is this man?"

The crowd answered, "This man is Jesus. He is the prophet from the town of Nazareth."

Fnaronu ask (cnpauiasars) ~ answer (orse-rars) CTOfiT B npouienuree BpeMeH~: the people asked (nIOA~ cnpauiaaana), the crowd answered (ronna orse-iana).

Mbl B3f1n~ OTPblBOK ~3 cOBpeMeHHoVi aHrn~~cKoVi .QeTcKoVi 6~6n~~: nepeseneu ero cOBpeMeHHblM PyCCK~M fl3bIKOM.

Who is this man? - KTO 3TOT -renose«? This man is Jesus. - STOT -renoae« V1~cyc.

He is the prophet from the town of Nazareth. - OH npopox ~3 ropona Haaaper,

Reading - '-ITeHMe

KTO Bbl? Who are you? - cnpauiaaaev Mbl, oepauiascs, TaK CKa3aTb, KO BTOPOMY n~~y. A OH KTO TaKoVi? Who is he? Who are they? - ~HTepecyeMcfI Mbl no nOBoAY rpersax nau,

B npaauane, MO)f(HO ooparwrsca C TaK~M sonpocov ~ K nepsovy n~~y - K caMoMY ce6e: Who am I? 6blBatOT, 6blBalOT caryauaa, «orna HaLf~HaeWb COMHesaTbCfI B co6cTBeHHoM fit KaK 3TO cnYLfJ.1nOCb C AeBoLfKoVi An~coVl, nonasurea B CTpaHY LfYAec. Remember what happened to Alice in Wonderland? Caa-iana OHa supocna AO noronxa, nOTOM crana H~)f(e crena ... CnywaeM ee ropecrsue paccyxneuas ~ y4~M no XOAY 4TeH~fI rpaMMaT~KY; Hanp~Mep, aHrn~VlcKoe hair [hea], B OTn~4~e OT pyccxoro sonocu, - cyuiecrsarensaoe B eA~HCTBeHHOM 4~cne.

Ada's hair is long. - Bonocu AAbl An~HHble. Alice's hair is short. - Bonocu An~Cbl xoporxae,

What colour is your hair? - Kaxoro usera aauia sonocu?

39

Who Am I?

KTO ~?

"Dear, dear!" says Alice. "Everything is so strange today! I think that 1 am not the same. But if I am not the same, the next question is, who am I?"

"I am sure that I am not Ada," she says, "her hair is long and my hair is not. And I am not Mabel. I know a lot and she knows so little. Besides, she is she, and I am I. and ... oh, dear, it is so strange."

Words - Cnoa8

strange [s t rei n d3] - cTpaHHbl~; same [se i m] - TOT xe caMbl~; if [if] - ecna: next [nekst] - cne.QylOL1l~~; sure [Sud] - ysepeaHbl~; long [Ion] - ,QJ1~HHbl~; a lot [a'lot] - MHoro; besides [bi'saidz] - KpoMe Taro.

Notes - npMMe"l8HMR

1. MecTo~MeH~e everything ['evri8iIJ] "CnO)f(eHO" ~s every (KIDK,Qbl~) ~ thing (seuis). Ecn~ 6YKBanbHo, K8lK.q8R aelllb, HO Mbl nepeBo.Q~M KaK BCD. CnOBO so [sou] (TaK, TaKO~) MO>KeT CTO~Tb nspen np~naraTenbHbIM~ ~ Hape4~~M~, Hanp~Mep, nepen little (Mano) 11 well (xopouio).

Everything is so strange. - Bce raxoe crpauaoe. London is so big. - flOH.QOH TaKo~ 60nbwo~.

Her hair is so long. - Ee sonocu raxae Af1~HHble. She knows so little. - OHa SHaeT TaK MallO.

I know him so well. - s:I SHalO ero TaK XopOWO.

2. COIOS that [b8t] (4TO) aKT~BHO ~cnonb3yeTc~ .Q1lSl roro, 4T06bl caasars .QBa npocrux npeAf10)f(eH~~ B O.QHO cnoxaoe,

I think that he is right. - 51 .QYMalO, 4TO OH npas.

I know that she is wrong. - 51 SHalO, 4TO OHa ow~6aeTc~. She says that she is Ada. - OHa rosopar, LITO OHa AQa. I am sure that he knows her. - s:I YBepeH, LITO OH SHaeT ee.

40

3. npe.o.nor to BXO.Q~T B COCTaB rpex cnoa, o603Ha'-taIOLU~x BpeM~: today [ta'dei] (ceronus), tomorrow [ta'mor ou] (3aBrpa), tonight [ta'na it] (csronaa Be'-tepoM).

I am busy today. - 51 3aH~T ceronas.

Tim comes tomorrow. - T~M npaesxaer aasrpa. It is hot tonight. - Ceronus >t<apK~~ ee-iep,

Translation - nepeBOA

Caa-rana Hy>t<HO nepenars CMblcn - TO'-tHbl~ CMblcn cppa3bl ~J1~ OTpbIBKa. Cnenaare TaK Ha3blBaeMbl~ "noncrpo-urax" - Hai4A~Te KIDK,QOMY aHrIl~~cKoMY cnosy PyCCK~~ nepeson. nOCne sroro nepeaenaare, nepecrpoare npennoxeuae, '-tTo6bl OHO ssv-rano "no-pYCCK~" - npOCTO ~ eCTeCTBeHHO.

np~Be,QeM np~Mep. T~M rosopar: I have a dog. 6YKBanbHbl~ nepeaon: s=t ~MelO cooaxy, nepe.QC1A~M CMblcn BbICKa3bIBaH~~ "HOPM8IlbHbIM" PYCCK~M ~3bIKOM: Y MeH~ ecrs coeaxa.

He 6o~Tecb CIlerKa Y.Qan~Tbc~ OT op~r~Hana - He OT ero CMblcna, a OT ero II~HOCTpaHHO~" KOHCTPYK~~~. Pa36epeM TOIlbKO '-tTO npo-urraaaoe npennoxesae.

Op~r~Han: It is hot tonight.

6YKBanbHbl~ nepsson: aTO ecrs )KapK~H ceronas Be'-tepoM. OKoH'-taTenbHbl~ sapaaar: Cero.QH~ >t<apK~~ Be'-tep.

lI1Il~, Hanp~Mep, Anaca paCC)')KAaeT: I think that I am not the same. Ecn~ nepesonars "cnoeo B CIlOBO", nony-urrcs: s=t .QYMalO, '-tTO ~ He ra >t<e cauaa. Bnonae .QonYCT~MO nepesecra STY rppaay ~Ha'-te. np~Be.QeM .QBa sapaaara.

KIDKeTCft, ~ He raxas, KaK 6blna. nOxo>t<e, ~ crana .Qpyro~.

Cnoeaps nO.QCKa3an HaM, '-tTO dear - STO npanararensaoe AoporoM. O.QHaKO socsnauaaae An~Cbl Dear, dear! nspese.QeM He KaK JloporoM, AoporoM! a nO.QXO.Q~LU~M pyCCK~M BOCKIl~,-,aH~eM, Hanp~Mep, 60)l(e MOM!

41

np~ nepesone no-tame aamanusaare B cnosaps. Consult your dictionary. HeAaBHo cnosaps 06bflcH~n HaM, '-ITO little MO)f(eT 6blTb np~naraTenbHblM ManeHbKMM ~ Hape'-l~eM Mano.

Little Alice knows little. - Maneaskaa Anaca 3HaeT Mano.

Question - Bonpoc

Y Hac 6blna rppaaa I like jam (71 rnooruo aapease). B STOM YPOKe Mbl roaopav This is a door (8TO nsepe), I have a dog (Y MeHfI ecrs cooaxa). nO'-leMY nepen jam H~'-IerO He CTO~T, a nepen door ~ dog - xacaa-ro 6YKoBKa a?

OTBeT: 8TO He xacaa-ro 6YKOBKa, a HeonpeAeneHHbl~ apT~Kflb. Mbl norosopav 0 HeM Ha cneAYlOlUeM ypoxe. AnoKa - He60nbwoe rpaMMaT~'-IeCK~-pa3BneKaTenbHoe 38AaH~e.


rpaMMaT~Ka B cpopMe ~rpbl: Sbl oopauiaerecs K caoevy c06eceAH~KY, nycrs A8)Ke Bo06p8)f(aeMOMY, ~ cooeuiaere: I see you. 71 B~)f(y Te6f1. nOTOM Bbl rosopare, noxaauaas Ha rpersero -renoaexa: You see him. To ecrs: Tu B~A~Wb ero. Bce AB~)f(eH~fI pyK~ KOMMeHT~pY~Te scnyx: He sees her. OH B~A~T ee. lt1 TaK nanee, And so on.

3anoMH~Te O'-leHb npocryio BelUb, no-pycooi Mbl CKflOHfleM:

Aa~Te MH9, n~CbMO .Qflfl MeHR, OH ~AeT co MHOM... A B aHrn~~cKoM Ha see ST~ cny-aa OAHa cpopMa me.

TO'-lHO TaK ~ AJlf1 pyCCK~X MecTo~MeH~~ Te6R, Te6e, To6oM - OAHO aHrn~~cKoe you.

lt1TaK, noxaauaaare PYKO~ ~ "nparoaapaaaare":

I see you [j u.] - 71 B~>Ky Te6f1.

You see him [hi m]. - Tbl B~A~Wb ero. He sees her [ho.], - OH B~A~T ee.

She sees us [AS]. - OHa B~A~T Hac. We see you [ju.]. - Mbl B~A~M sac. You see them [5em]. - Bbl B~A~Te ~x. They see me [rni.] - OH~ B~AflT MeHfI.

42

Kpyr saMKHynCSI. Teneps BOSbM~Te MOHery ~n~ KH~ry.

Take a coin or a book . .Qa~Te ea co6eceAH~KY. Give it to him.

B aHrn~~cKo~ ¢pase nOSlBnSleTCSI npeanor to, KOTOPbl~ yxaauaaer sanpaeneaae sauiero Ae~CTB~SI. B PYCCKOM nepseone B AaHHOM cny-iae npennor He Tpe6yeTCSI: .Qa~Te ee eMy.

V1TaK, Bbl nepenaere MOHeTY ~ paccsaauaaere:

I take a coin. I take it. - s:I 6apy MOHery. ~ 6epy ee. I give it to you. - ~ aao ee Te6e.

You give it to him. - Tu OTAaeWb ee eMy. He gives it to her. - OH OTAaeT ee e~. She gives it to us. - OHa OTAaeT ee HaM. We give it to you. - Mbl OTAaeM ee BaM. You give it to them. - Bbl OTAaeTe ee ~M.

They give it back to me. - OH~ OTAatOT ee 06paTHo MHe.

3aMeH~M rnaron give (naaars) Ha show [Jou] (noxaauaars) ~ nOBTop~M sees "KPYr": I show it to you. You show it to him. And so on.

Reading - "'ITeHMe

KaK-TO 6btn ¢aHTaCT~yeCK~~ cnY4a~: AeB04KY An~cy, )I(~By to, .0AyweBneHHYtO, B 3asepKanbe orxaaanacs np~HHMaTb sa 4enOBeKa ~ BMeCTO she ynp~Mo HaSbrBaIlH ae it. y}f( 3TH aaaepxansusrl BMeCTO roro, 4T06bf npaearrsao rosopars Who is this, cnpauraeaior What is this?

06paTHTe raxxe SH~MaHHe Ha ct>aHTacTH4ecK~-He06bt4HOe nOBeAeH~e pe6eHKS. rpaMMaT~4ecKoe nOBeAeHHe aHrnH~cKoro cnosa child [tjaild] (pe6eHoK, AHTSI) , Mbl ~MeeM B B~AY. no npasany, aHrn~~cKHe cy~ecTB~TenbHble ~MetOT BO MHO)l(eCTBeHHOM 4Hcne OKOH4aHHe .. s: coins (MoHeTbl), trees (Aepeass), a child CTaHOB~TCSI children ['tJildrgn] (AeT~) .

.Qe~cTBytO~~e naua B 3TO~ cueaxe:

Alice ['celis] - Anaca

Unicorn ['ju:niko:n] - EAHHopor Lion [I aian] - Jlea

Hare [hea] - 3aSll..\

43

Children are Monsters .QeTl1 - STO 4YAOBl1LUa

Unicorn: What is this?

Hare: This is a child!

Unicorn: Is it alive? Children are fabulous monsters!

Alice: No, they are not! Hare: It can talk.

Unicorn: Talk, child.

Alice: I think that you are a fabulous monster!

(Lion joins them and stares at Alice.)

Lion: What is this?

Unicorn: Well, what is it, really? Now, try to guess.

Lion: Are you an animal, or a vegetable, or a mineral?

Unicorn: It is a fabulous monster!

Lion: Then hand round the cake, Monster.

Words - enOBa

alive [e'I a i v] - )f(HBOYi; fabulous [' f re b j u I as] - cKa30""Hbl~; monster ['mons ta] - ""Y.QoBMl1le; talk [to.k] - paaroeapaears, rOBOp~Tb; join [djoin] - npacoenaaarsca: stare [s tea] - npacransac cMoTpeTb; really ['riali] - .Qe~cTB~TenbHo; try [trail - nbIT8TbCSI; guess [ges] - orranuears: animal ['renimal] - )f(~BOTHOe, 3Bepb; vegetable ['ved3ita b I] - OBOl1l; mineral [' minor al] - M~Hepan, nonessoe ~CKonaeMoe; then [be n] - Tor.Q8; cake [k e i k] - n~-

por; hand round ['hrend'raund] - pS3.QaB8Tb. '

Notes - npMMe"l8HMR

XOT~ see nepcoaaxa, BKntOyas:t AnMCY, OyeHb naxs CKa30YHble M cpaHTaCT~yeCKMe (fabulous), o6lUatOTC~ OHM Ha npasansHOM aHrnMMCKoM, Mcnonb3Ys:t TaKMe paaroeopaue cnosa, KaK well M now.

1. no cnosapio, well - STO Hape .... ~e, xoropoe nepeaonarca PYCCKMM xopowo. Hanp~Mep, Bbf cooeuiaere 0 KOM-TO:

44

I know him very well. - ~ 3HatO ero o~eHb xopowo.

He does everything well. - OH nsnaer ece xopowo.

She sings very well. - OHa noer o~eHb xopowo. Vegetables grow well this year. - OBO~H pacryr xopowo B

STOM rOAY.

O~eHb ~aCTO well sucrynaer B pona paarosopaoro cnoee-xaMe)I(AOMeTHfI, KOTOPoe COOTBeTcByeT PYCCKHM HY, naRHO, MT8K.

Well, talk to him. - Hy, norosopa C HHM.

Well, she is not Mabel. - fI1TaK, OHa He MeH6n. Well, take some cake. - fl8.QHO, B03bMH napora,

2. Taxas )Ke HCTOpHfI co cnOSOM now. Ero nepsoa H rnasHoe 3Ha~eHHe - Cei'l8C, Tenepb.

Now I know this word. - Teneps fI 3HatO STO cnOBO.

Now we know what to do. - Teneps Mbl 3HaeM, ~TO nenars, Now let's have some tea. - Teneps nasaare nonbeM ~atO. Talk to her nowl - Floroaopare C HeH ceH~ac )Ket

Now MO)KeT eucrynars Me)I(AOMeTHeM, xoropoe nOMO)KeT HaM Ha~aTb cppa3Y, aaaasars paaroeop, npHBne~b BHHMaHHe.

Now, try to guess. - Hy, nonsrraarecs OTr8.QaTb. Now, have some tea. - BOT, BbtneHTe ~atO. Now, listen to me. - OH, nocnyuiaare MeHfI.

Iloropannasaa xonyuiy HnH ocraaasnaeaa ~btO-nH60 cnauiKOM 60HKYtO nearensuocrs, aarna-raae roaopsr:

Come on nowl - Ilasaare, no6blCTpeei Stop it nowl - Hy, npexpararel

He aepa ~bHM-nH60 poccxaaaav, MO)KHO SOCKflHKHYTb:

Now, now! - HY-HY!

Now, what a fabulous story! - YTO 3a CKa30~Hafi HCTOpHfI!

45

Grammar - rpaMM8TMK8

4aCTO COBn8.QaeT, 4TO PYCCKOMY nepeXOAHOMY rnarony COOTBeTcTByeT nepeXOAHbl~ aHrnlo1AcKIo1M. nepeXOAHblM rnaron - TaKoM, nocne KOToporo He Tpe6yeTc~ HIo1KaKIo1X npe.QnorOB, AeMCTBlo1e KaK 6bl Hanp~MytO nepeXOAIo1T Ha nononaeaae,

s:I BMlkY co6aKY. - I see a dog. s:I eM ~6nOKo. - I eat an apple.

OH 6epeT MOHery. - He takes a coin.

nOcne senepexonaoro rnarona Tpe6yeTc~ npennor.

s:I CMOTPtO Ha co6aKY. - I look at the dog. Mbl Io1AeM B uixony. - We go to school.

OH BXOAIo1T B AOM. - He goes into the house.

Teneps nplo1Mep HeCOBn8.QeHIo1~: nepexoaaovv rnarony cnywaTb coorsercrayer aHrnlo1~CKIo1M HenepexoAHbl~ listen.

s:I cnyuiaio MySbiKy. - I listen to music. OH cnyuiaer MeH~. - He listens to me.

~nlo1, aaoeopor, PYCCKIo1M rnaron HenepexoAHblM, nocne Hero He06xoAMM npennor, aHrnIo1MCKIo1~ rnaron - nepeXOAHbl~.

5f eS)I(Y Ha senocanene. - I ride a bicycle.

OH HIDKIo1MaeT Ha xnaaaury, - He presses a key. Mbl npMcoeAMH~eMc~ K HIo1M. - We join them.

Phrases - <Dpa3bl

People can talk. - IltOAIo1 MOryl' paaroaapasars,

Try to guess who she is. - nonp06YMTe vranars, KTO OHa. Who is she really? - KTO OHa, B caMOM nene?

She talks to animals. - OHa paaroaapaaaar C )I(MBOTHbIMM. Coal is a mineral. - Yrons - noneaaoe Io1CKonaeMoe. What next? - 4TO nansuie?

46


Exercise 1. Translate the words in brackets. - Flepesenare cnosa B cxooxax,

1. What is this? - This is a (naeps).

2. Who is this? - This is (M~cTep 6e~Kep).

3. Who is this man? - He is Tim's (nana).

4. Who is this woman? - This is Tim's (MaMa).

5. Who are they? - They are (M~cTep ~ M~CC~C 6e~Kep).

6. Who is this girl? - She is my (aHrn~~cK~~ npvr),

7. What is this? - This is a (OBO~).

8. What is this? - This is (xne6 c MacnoM).

9. What is this? - This is (yrons),

10. What is this? - This is a (cKa30LtHOe '-tYAoB~~e).

Exercise 2. Make sentences with so. - Flocrpoare npenno)f(eH~~ no oopasuy, ~cnonb3y~ so (raxoa).

Example: Her hair is (raxas An~HHble).

Her hair is so long.

1. Tim is (TaKo~ YMHbl~).

2. This bag is (raxas 6onbwa~).

3. Mr Brown is (TaKo~ crporaa),

4. Her mum is (raxaa Ao6pas:.).

5. This girl is (rasas crpaaaas).

6. Mrs Green is (raxaa MonoAa~).

7. This boy is (TaKoH c~nbHbIH).

8. She is (rasas ManeHbKas:.).

9. This cake is (TaKo~ BKyCHbl~).

10. I am (TaKoH 3aH~Tbl~) today.

Exercise 3. Translate the words in brackets into English. - Flepesennre cnoaa B cKo6Kax Ha aHrn~~cK~~.

Example: Alice is sure that (oaa He A.Qa).

Alice is sure that she is not Ada.

47

1;: Tim is su re that (ero MaMa rOTOBl-1T xopowo).

2. He knows that (Ml-1CCl-1C rpl-1H A06pa~).

3. We know that (T~M aHrnw"laHl-1H).

4. We know that (nOHAOH 60nbwo~).

5. The Lion thinks that (Anaca - LlYAOBl-1lL\e).

6. I know that (oua supauiaeaer OBOlL\l-1).

7. Ann is sure that (osa npasa).

8. This boy is sure that (OH OLfeHb YMHbl~).

9. He thinks that (y Hl-1X ace B nopsnxe),

10. She says that (osa n106l-1T ners),

11. I know that (aapease sxycaoe).

12. We are sure that (ABa nruoc ABa - LleTblpe).

13. We think that (OHl-1 OWl-16atOTc~).

14. She says that (oaa n106l-1T ~6nOKl-1).

Exercise 4. Translate the words in brackets. - nepeBeAl-1Te cnoaa B cK06Kax.

1. I know (ero).

2. You like (ee).

3. We see (ax).

4. They listen to (Hac).

5. He gives an apple to (MHe).

6. She shows a photograph to (eMY).

7. I give a coin to (BaM).

8. Teachers teach (Hac).

Exercise 5. Say what is correct and what IS wrong. - Cxaxare, LITO npasansao l-1 LITO HenpaBl-1nbHO.

1. Two and two is four.

2. London is in Russia.

3. Tim is English.

4. A lion is a vegetable.

5. An apple is a mineral.

6. Lion is nea in Russian.

7. Mrs Green is a teacher.

8. 3aBTpa is today in English.

ypO~\61

ILesson Six

After Honey with a Balloon

3a Me.QOM C B03AYWHbIM wap~KOM


rnaCHafi a B COyeTaH~U1 C I HnH II YHTaeTCfI AonrHM [0:], KBK HanpHMep B npanararensaov small [srno.l] (ManeHbKH~. He- 60nbWO~) H BO scex cnosax, xoropue np~BeAeHbl HH)Ke.

all [0: l] - ece

ball [bo.l] - MflY wall [wo.l] - CTeHa hall [ho.l] - san

talk [to.k] - roaopars call [ko: l] - SBaTb

fall [f 0: 1] - nanars

walk [wo.k] - XOAHTb neWKOM

npOYHTaeM npo -renoeexa no HMeHH .Q06 Hero )KeHY no ~MeHH M06, yeTKO H SBOHKO suroeapaeaa KOHeYHYIO b.

This man is Dob. His wife is Mob. UMob!" calls Dob. UDob!" calls Mob.

Discussion - 06Cy>KAeHMe

npH SHaKOMCTBe Mbl cnpauraeaev: KaK sac SOByr? Y asrnHyaH Ha STOT cnyya~ HHafi ¢opMynHpOBKa: KaK ecrs sauie HMfI? YTOYHfIfi sospacr, OHH rosopar, ecna 6YKBanbHO: KaK crapu Bbl?

What is your name? - KaK aac SOByr? My name is Tim. - MeHfI SOByr THM. How old are you? - CKonbKO BaM nsr? I am twelve. - MHe ABeH8,.Qu.aTb.

Name nOApasYMeBaeT HnH HMfI, HnH HMfI C ¢aMHnHe~, TaK YTO THM Mor OTBeTHTb: I am Tim Baker.

49

~cn~ HY)l(HO YT0'-lH~Tb TOnbKO ~MfI, ~cnonbayeTcfI CnOBOCO'-I~,taH~e first name ['fa:st'neim], '-ITO 6YKBanbHO nepsoe MMR. A 4JaMMnMR 6YAeT surname ['sg:neim]; OCHOBY sroro cnoaa, KaK Mbl B~A~M, cocrasnaer name. BMecTo surname MO)l(HO cxasan, family name. Mbl npoc~M T~Ma euie paa OTBeT~Tb Ha Haw~ aonpocu. We ask Tim to answer our questions again.

What is your first name? It is Tim.

What is your family name? It is Baker.

Teneps T~M cxaxer HeCKonbKO cnoa 0 ce6e ~ caoea ceMbe, ~cnonbayfl cnosa address [g' d r es] - anpec: number ['nAmbg] - HOMep; job [d30b] - paeora: clerk [kla.:k] - cny)l(a~~V!; bank [brenk] - 6aHK.

I come from England. - ~ ~a AHrn~~.

I live in London. - ~ )I(~By B Jloanoae,

London is my home town. - IloHAOH MOV! POAHOV! ropon, My family is small. - MOfl ceMbfl He6onbwafl.

We are four. - Hac -ieraepo.

My father is a clerk. - MoV! OTe~ cny)l(a~~VI.

He has a job in a bank. - Y Hero paoora B 6aHKe.

His name is Andrew Baker. - Ero aOBYT 8HAPtO 6eHKep. We live in Park Street. - Mbl )K~BeM ua flapx-crpwr.

We live at number 6. - Mbl )K~BeM B AOMe HOMep uiecrs. My address is number 6, Park Street. - MoVl anpec: (AOM)

HOMep 6, flapc-crpar.

Fnaron come, sooeuie-ro, oaua-iaer npMxoAMTb, HO B AaHHOM cny-iae OH cooouiaer, '-ITO T~M POAOM ~a AHrn~~, OH aHrn~'-IaH~H. MO)KHO csasars ~ TaK: Tim is from England. Ecna Mbl roaopav POAHOM ropon, Y aHrn~'-IaH ~cnonbayeTcfI home town, KaK 6bl IiAoMawH~V!" ropon, TO ecn, ropon, rne Bbl )I(~BeTe, rne saui AOM.

50

KaK npasano, Mbl cnpaW..,SaeM y HOSblX 3HaKOMbiX .., 06 ..,X YBne"ieH..,flX. Tim answers our question about his hobby.

What is your hobby? - Kaxoe y Te6f1 ysne"ieH..,e? I collect coins. - 51 c06..,palO MOHeTbl.

Hobby ['hobi] MO>KHO nepesecra .., KaK YBne"teHMe, .., KaK nlO6MMoe 38HIITMe; B np..,Hu...,ne, MO>KHO cxaears XOMM. ,Qnfl OTBeTa Ha sonpoc nOH8A06f1TCfl rnaronu collect .., like.

Tim collects coins. - T..,M co6..,paeT MOHeTbl.

Ann collects stickers. - 8HH cooapaer HaKrleHK..,. His dad likes fishing. - Ero nana n106..,T pbl6anKY.

His mum likes gardening. - Ero MaMa nt06..,T C8AOBOACTSO.

Quotation - UMT8Ta

T..,M rosopar, "iTO eMY .QBeH8Au.aTb ner, He is twelve years old. Vln.." ecna xopo-re: He is twelve. Korna "i..,cno He uKpyr .. noe", KaK B cne.QYIOLl4"'x np..,Mepax, aHrn"'''iaHe nonsayorca COt030M and.

one and a half [ha:f] - OA..,H C nonoB..,HoH seven and a half - ceMb c nonoB..,HoH

one hundred ['hAndrid] and one - CTO O.Q..,H two hundred and two - .QBecT.., ABa

Oraesaa Ha sonpoc waxMaTHoM KoponeSbt, An..,ca Ha3blBaeT caoa eospacr: eM scero ceMb c nonosasoa ner. A BOT xoooneee, no ee 3aflBneH..,to, "scero" eTO 0A..,H ro.Q, nflTb Mecflu.eB .., O.Q..,H .QeHb.

Queen: How old are you?

Alice: I am just seven and a half.

Queen: And I am just one hundred and one, five months and a day.

Alice: Oh, really?

51


Well, now ... Hy, a reneps - 0 TO~ 6YKOBKe a, KOTOPYtO Mbl B~AenH nepea cy~ecTBHTenbHbIM~ door, coin, boy, animal H xoropaa Ha3b1BaeTC~ HeonpeAeneHHblM apTHKneM (the indefinite article).

Bo-nepsux, oTKYAa "aasnca" HeonpeAeneHHbl~ apTHK11b? OH npoaeouien OT crapoaarnaacxoro an (OAHH), xoropoe B cospeMeHHOM ~3blKe nauiercs H npoH3HoCHTCfI one [wxn]

B CHny csoero npO~CXO)I(.QeHHfI, a scema yxaasraaer, "'ITO nepen HaMH OAHH npeAMeT Hn~ OAHH "'IenOBeK. 4TO cyuiecraarsnsaoe B eAHHCTBeHHOM "'IHCne.

a name - HMfI

a street - ynH~a a town - ropOA

a country - crpasa

a job - paoora a bank - 6aHK

a hobby - ysne"'leH~e a clerk - cny>Kal1lH~

APTHKJ1b npOH3HOCHTC~ cn~THO C cy~ecTBHTenbHbIM, OH oepaayer cnor, KOTOPbl~ COCTOHT ~3 6e3YAapHoro 3sYKa [a].

Hexoropue cyurecrearenssue Ha"'lHHatOTCfI C rnaCHO~J H rorna K apraxmo A06asnfleTCfI 6YKBa n - ronsxo .QnSl roro, "'IT06bl nnasaee TeKJ1a pe"'lb.

an army [an'c.rni] - apM~fI an egg [an'eg] - fI~~O

an onion [an' xnj an] - nyK an aunt [an'o.nt] - TeT~ an unkJe [an' AlJkl] - A~AfI

Mbl orosopanacs: cnoao-cyurecrearensaoe AOn)l(HO Ha"'l~HaTbCfI He C rnacaoa 6YKBbl, a C rnacaoro 3BYKa. nOTOMY "'ITO, K np~Mepy, B unit H year nepsoa ~AeT rnacaas 6YKsa, HO 3Sy"'lHT cornacuua 3ByK [j], n03ToMY CTaBHTC~ a.

a unit [a'ju.nit] - 6noK, yaen a union [o'ju.njan] - COt03

a youth [a'ju:8] - iououra

a year [a' j a:] - rOA

52

rOpOA MO)l(eT 6blTb cTapblM (old), a fl6noKo MO)l(eT\6bITb KpacHblM (red) ... Hy M YTO? A BOT YTO: old M red CTaBflTCfI Me)f(.QY cy~eCTBMTenbHblM M apTMKneM, M Mbl onpenensev Y)l(e no MX nepsoa 6YKBe: Mcnonb30BaTb a MnM an.

It is an old town. - aTO crapua ropoa.

I want a red apple. - MHe HY)I(HO xpacaoe fl6nOKO.

HeonpeAeneHHblVi apraxne npocro He06xOAMM, xorna Mbl rOBopMM 06 OAHOM npeAMeTe MnM OAHOM cY~eCTBe M360nbworo KOnMyeCTBa MnM uenoro ceMe~cTBa MM nO.Q06HbIX.

HanpMMep, BaM 3aXOTenOCb csecrs fl6nOKO MnM KynMTb KOMnbtOTep - OAMH, n1060~ M3 MHorMX cyuiecrayiouiax.

Mum, give me an apple. - MaMa, Aa~ MHe fl6noKo.

Dad, buy me a computer. - nana, KynM MHe KOMnbtOTep.

B cnenyiouiax npMMepax rpaMMaTMKa COyeTaeTCfI C apMCI> ..

MeTMKO~: apraxns nOAyepKMBaeT, YTO MAeT peYb 0 nt060M HeAene, KaKYIO HM B03bMM, 0 KIDKAOM -iace BpeMeHM, 0 nlO60M Cl>YHTe M Aonnape ...

Seven days in a week (ceMb AHe~ B HeAene).

Sixty minutes in an hour (urecrsnecsr MHHyr B He.Qene). Twelve months in a year (ABeHa.Q~aTb MeCfI~eB B rOAY). One hundred pence in a pound (CTO neHCOB B Cl>YHTe). One hundred cents in a dollar (CTO ~eHTOB B nonnape), Three feet in a yard (TpH Cl>yra B spne).

EcnM nepen cy~ecTBMTenbHbIM, K npHMepy, nepen Sl6no ..

KOM, CTaBflTCfI passue onpenenesaa: xpacaoe, BKycHoe, COY .. Hoe, apTHKflb OCTaeTCfI HeonpeAeneHHblM, OH ronsxo "OTOABM" raercs" OT cyuiecraarensaoro.

Give me a red apple. - llaHTe MHe «pacaoe fl6noKo.

Give me a very red juicy apple. - JlaHTe MHe OyeHb KpacHoe COYHOe fl6nOKO.

KaK ronsxo cyuiecraarenssoe nepexonar BO MHO)l(eCTBeHHoe "I Mcno , HeonpeAeneHHbl~ aprasns "OTn8.QaeT".

53

a week - weeks (HeAen~)

a minute - minutes (MlJIHYTbl) a year - years (roAbl)

a child - children (AeT~)

Question - Bonpoc

A BOT Y Hac 6blna rppasa npo yrons: Coal is a mineral.

Coal B eAlJIHCTBeHHOM YlJIcne, HO nOyeMY nepen H~M HeT HeonpeAeneHHoro apTlJIKn~?

OTBeT: Mbl rosopana ce~yac 0 cvuiecraarensaux lJICYlJIcn~eMblX, 0 seuiax lJI CYll.\eCTBaX, xoropus MO)f(HO nspecsarars, Y KOTOPblX ecrs MHO)f(eCTBeHHoe YlJIcno. Coal OTHOClJITC~ K TeM CYll.\eCTBlJITenbHbIM, xoropue Ha3bIBaIOTC~ HelJlCYlJICn~eMbIMlJI. ApTlJIKnb a nepsn HlJIMlJI CTO~Tb He MO)f(eT. K HelJlCYlJICn~eMbiM OTHOC~TC~ eeuiecraa lJI BC~yeCKlJIe MaTeplJlanbl lJI npOAYKTbl.

salt [so.lt] - conb water ['wotd] - BOAa glass [gla:s] - CTeKnO fire ['faid] - orous

tea [ti:] - ya~

honey ['hAni] - MeA air [eo] - B03AYX sand [srend] - neCOK

Fire is hot. - Orcas rop~y~~.

Sugar is sweet. - Caxap cna.QKlJI~.

Gold is yellow. - 30noTo xenroe, Children drink milk. - .oeTlJI nuor MonOKO.

We have coffee for breakfast. - Y Hac Koepe Ha 3aBTpaK.

K HelJlCYlJICn~eMbiM OTHOC~TC5I YYBCTBa, nepe)f(lJIBaHlJI~ lJI BC~KlJIe "OTBneyeHHble" nOH~TlJI~. 111 BC~KlJIe HaYK~. 111 pasaue yBneyeHlJI~.

Kindness heals. - .o06pOTa lJICuen~eT.

People need freedom. - nIOA~M HY)f(Ha cB060Aa. Ann believes in friendship. - 8HH separ 8 APY)f(6y. We hate gree~t - Mbl HeHaBlJIAlJIM )f(ClAHOCTb. Knowledge is power. - 3HaHlJIe - clJIna.

She studies history. - OHa lJI3yyaeT lJICTOPlJllO. Tim likes swimming. - TlJIM nlO6lJ1T nnaaauae.

54

nOCTaS~M nepea He~C'-I~Cn~eMbIM cy~ecTB~TenbHbIM, tea HeCKonbKO onpeAeneH~~. Cyuiecraarensaoe sce paSHO OCTaeTC~ He~C'-I~Cn~eMbIM, ~ H~KaKo~ apraxru- He rpeeyerca,

I drink tea. - 71 nblO '-Ia~.

I drink strong tea. - 71 nblO KpenKlJI~ '-Ia~.

I drink hot strong tea. - 71 nuo rop~'-IlJI~ KpenKlJI~ '-Ia~.

I drink very hot strong tea with milk. - ~ nuo O'-leHb rOp~4lJ1~ KpenK~~ '-Ia~ C MonOKOM.

Grammar - rpaMM8TMK8

Mbl C06lJ1paeMC~ 4lJ1TaTb cu.eHKY 0 TOM, KaK sceM ~3seCTHbl~ B~HHlJI .. Ilyx Ao6blsaeT HelJlC4lJ1Cn~eMbl~ MeA C novouiuo lJIC'-IlJICn~eMOro uiapaxa, Winnie-the-Pooh gets honey with a balloon. B 3TO~ cppa3e honey ~ balloon "caasaau" C nOMO~blO npennora with. Iloroaopav 0 npennorax. Let's talk about prepositions. Ha4HeM C to, KOTOPbl~ yxaausaer aanpasneaae lJI 06bl4HO nepeBOAlJITC~ PYCCKlJIMlJI K, B, aa.

He comes to the table. - OH nOAxOA~T K crony. We go to London. - Mbl eAeM B nOHAOH.

They go to the sea. - OHlJI eayr Ha Mope.

Ilpennor for [Io.], npexne scero, lJIMeeT 3Ha'-leHlJIe Wist. OH raxxe yxaausaer aa CpOK kaxoro-natio Ae~cTB~~. Hanpavep, KTO-TO npaesxaer K BaM - Ha AeHb lJIn~ Ha HeAenlO.

Do it for me. - Cnenaare STO ,Qn~ MeH~.

This balloon is for him. - OTOT uiapax AJl~ Hero.

He goes for his gun. - OH lJIAeT 3a CBOlJlM pY>KbeM. They come for a day. - OHlJI npaesxaicr Ha OAlJIH AeHb. She leaves for a week. - OHa yesxaer Ha aeneruo.

I can stay for a year. - 71 MOry oCTaTbC~ aa rOA.

Wait for a while. - nOAO)t(.QlJITe HeMHoro.,

38Aa..QlJIM HeCKonbKO aonpocoa C for. 06paT~Te BHlJIMaH~e, '-ITO npennor ~HorAa OTOABlJIraeTC~ B KOHeu. npennoxeaas.

55

Who is the balloon for? - Jln~ KOrO uiapax? What is the balloon for? - Jln~ -iero uiapax?

For how long are you here? - Bbl 3AeCb Ha CKonbKO BpeMeH~?

npeAflor with [wi ()] (c).

Come with me. - nown~ co MHO~.

I see a bear with a balloon. - ~ B~)f(y MeABeA~ c wap~KoM. He carries it with pride. - OH secer ero c ropnocrso. She walks with an umbrella. - OHa rynser C 30HT~KOM. The boy hits the balloon with his gun. - ManbLt~K nonaaaer

B uiapax ~3 csoro py)f(b~.

npe.QI1or after ['a:ftd] (sa, nocne).

I go home after school. - ~ ~AY AOMO~ nocne urxona. Come after 2 o'clock. - np~XoA~Te nocne AByX LtaCOB. He goes after honey. - OH ompaanserca aa MeAOM. Bees fly after him. - nLtenbl nerar sa H~M.

npeAflor into ['intu] YKa3blBaeT Ha AB~)f(eH~e BHYTPb xaxoron~60 nOMeLUeH~~ ~n~ Brny6b xaxoro-naeo npocrpaacrsa.

You go into a room. - Bbl BXOA~Te B KOMHary.

A balloon floats into the sky. - lllapa« saneraer B He60. He jumps into the river. - OH npuraer B pexy.

Under ['Andd] ooocuiaer 0 nOnO)f(eH~~ nOA LteM-n~60.

He sits under a tree. - OH C~A~T nOA nepesoja.

Put this box under the bed. - nOCTaBbTe STY KOPOOKY nOA xposars.

Reading - "'ITeHMe

l-1M~ rnaaaoro rapos naurercs ~ npo~3HoC~TC~ Winnie-thePooh [winiba'pu.] Ho Afl~ APY3el7l ~ 3HaKOMbiX OH npocro nyx. He is just Pooh to his friends. A rnaBHblM APyroM MeABeA~ ~Bn~eTC~ ManbLt~K Kpacrorpep P06~H. Christopher

56

['krist;~fd] is his first name. Robin ['robin] is not his surname. It is his second name. P06HH - aTO ero aropos HMs{. ECTb raxoe B AHrnHH: .IlBO~Hble HMeHa. A "CO'-lHHHn" HCTOPHH 0 BHHHH-nyxe aHrnH~cKH~ nacarens AnaH MHnH. Alan is the writer's name. Milne is his surname.

V1TaK, Flyx aaeeuiaer caoero .Ilpyra Kpacrorpepa P06HHa.

Pooh visits his friend Christopher Robin. B AHanore Mbl 0603Ha'-IHM KpHcToq>epa KaK boy.

A Balloon and Honey Wap~K ~ MeA

Part I

Pooh: Good morning, Christopher Robin.

Boy: Good morning, Pooh.

Pooh: I need a balloon.

Boy: A balloon?

Pooh: Yes.

Boy: What for?

Pooh: To get honey.

Boy: You get honey with a balloon?

Pooh: Yes.

Boy: Well, I have a green balloon and a blue balloon.

Pooh: Well, if I go after honey with a green balloon, then the bees will think that I am a little tree.

Boy: Really?

Pooh: If I have a blue balloon, they will think it is a part of the sky ...

Boy: What if they see you under the balloon?

Pooh: I will try to look like a little black cloud.

Boy: Then take this blue balloon. It looks like the sky.

Words - CnoB8

visit ['vizi t] - H8ee11l8Tb, 38XOAHTb (K KOMY71H6o); need [ni.d] - HY>KA8TbC5I; bee [bi.] - n-iena; part [pa.:t] - 48CTb; green [gr i.n] - 3eneHblH; blue [blu:] - CMH~H; black [blsek] - 4epHblH; cloud [k 1 a u d] - 06n8KO, 1)'48; sky [s k a i] - He60.

57

Notes - npMMel.l8HMR

1. rnaron will yxaasieaer Ha 6Y1~Ylllee BpeM5L

The bees will think that Pooh is a tree. - n'-lenbl nOAYMatOT, '-ITO nyx nepaso.

He will try to look like a little black cloud. - OH nocrapaeTCfI BblrnflAeTb KaK ManeHbKafl -iepaaa ry-ra.

The boy will shoot the balloon. - Manb'-l~K aucrpenar B uiapa«.

2. rnaron get ~MeeT HeCKonbKO 3Ha'-leH~~, B TOM '-I~cne A06MpaTbCR. B ronsxo '-ITO npO'-l~TaHHOM orpusxe get 03Ha'-laer nonYl.IaTb, AOCTaB8Tb, A06b1B8Tb.

The bear wants to get to the honey. - MeABeAb XO'-leT A06paTbCfI AO MeAa.

He wants to get the honey. - OH XO'-leT AOCTaTb MeA. We get milk from cows. - Mbl nony-iaev MonOKO OT KOpOB.

3. npe,Qf1or of YKa3b1BaeT: '-ITO-TO aanaercs '-IaCTbtO -ieron~60, npasannexar '-IeMy-n~60 ~n~ KOMy-n~60. C nOMOlllbtO of MO)f(HO BblAen~Tb '-ITo-n~60 ~3 MaCCbl nOXO)f(~X Belllel1.

He sees a part of the sky. - OH B~A~T '-IaCTb He6a.

It is a balloon of his friend Christopher. - aTO urapa« ero npyra Kp~cTo¢epa.

One of the balloons is blue. - OA~H ~3 uiapaxoa C~H~l1.

A Balloon and Honey Waplt1K lt1 M9.Q

Part II

Winnie-the-Pooh goes to a very muddy place, and rolls and rolls and rolls in the mud. OH KaTaeTCfI B rpasa. Now he is black all over! Christopher Robin blows up the balloon. Kp~crooep P06~H HaAYBaeT urapax. The balloon floats into the sky. Pooh holds on to it. Ilvx nepxarca sa Hero.

58

Boy: Fine!

Pooh: I look like a black cloud in a blue skyl Boy: Well, you look like a bear under a balloon.

Pooh: Not. .. Not like a little black cloud in a blue sky?

Boy: No ...

Words - cnosa

mud [rnxd ] - rp~3b; muddy ['mAdi] - rp~3Hbl~; place [pleis] - MeCTO; roll [roul] - KaTaTbC~, eanarsca; blow [blou] - Ayrb, H8,QYBaTb; float [fl 0 u t] - nnsrrs, nnasao nerers; hold [h ou 1 d] - nepxarstca),

Phrases - <l>pa3bl

He needs a balloon. - EMY HY)f(eH urapax,

What if they see him? - 4TO ecna OHH YBHA~T ero? Is it really a bear? - aTO AeHcTBHTenbHo MeABeAb? He sees a nice place. - OH BH.QHT npasruoe MeCTO. He rolls in the mud. - OH KaTaeTC~ B rpsaa.

He is black all over. - OH eecs LtepHbl~.

Blow up a balloon for him. - Ha.QyHTe uiapax AJl~ Hero. Hold on to the balloon. - Oep)f(HTeCb aa wapH K.

This balloon is like the sky. - aTOT uiapax KaK He60. It floats into the sky. - OH saneraer B He60.

It looks like a cloud. - OH nOXO)f( aa oenaxo.

We read a part of the story. - Mbl LtHTaeM LtaCTb paccxasa.

Translation - nepeBoA

Mbl Y)f(e 3HaeM: npa nepesone HY)f(HO nepenars CMblcn npaBHnbHblM PYCCKHM ~3bIKOM. B STOM ypoxe Y Hac 6bln0 ABa noxasarensaux npHMepa, Kor.Qa Mbl KaK 6bl nonuocrsio OTKaaanacs OT KOHCTPYK~HH, OT enos oparasana H Bblpa3HnH CMblcn HY)f(HbIMH PYCCKHMH cppa3aMH.

What is your name? - KaK aac 30ByT? How old are you? - Cxonsxo BaM ner?

59

AHnn1~cKoe I need a balloon Mbl He CTanH nepaaonars nOCIlOBHO: SI HYlKJ'alOCb B urapaxe, Benb no-pyccxa B TaKHX cnysaax see rosopar: MHe HYlKeH wapMK.

npH napesoae look like MO)f(HO HcnOIlb30BaTb BblrnSiAeTb KaK HIlH 6blTb nOXO)l(MM.

Well, Pooh tries to look like a black cloud. nyx crapaercs surnaners, KaK l.fepHa~ ry-nca, OH xo-ier 6blTb nOXO)f(HM Ha l.fepHylO ryl.fKy. Hy, a noxa OH nparaopaercs l.fepHO~ TYl.fKOM, Mbl SblnOIlHHM npocrue 38AaHH~.

Exercises - YnpaJKHeHMSI

Exercise 1. Answer the questions. - OTBeTbTe Ha sonpocu.

HanHWHTe saure HM~ H cpaMHIlHIO IlaTHHCKHMH 6YKBaMH. Age [eid3] B TpeTbe~ CTpOl.fKe 03Hal.faeT B03pacT. B l.feTBepToM crpoxs date of birth [' deitov'ba.O] (nara pO>K.QeHH~) MO)f(HO HcnOIlb30BaTb ~HcpPbl.

Your name: .,..,,, '11'"'"

Your surname: ..

Your age: .. ," .. ,.. .. 11 ••••• 1111 ••••••• 11 11' ••••••••••

Your date of birth: 11 111 •••••••• 111.

Your country: I II •••• I •• I •• I ••• IC.I ~.II ...

Your home town: .11' 111 .. 1- .

Your address: .

Your telephone number: .

Exercise 2. Put the nouns in two groups. - Pacnpeaenare cyuiecrearensaue: B rpynny a HCl.fHCIl~eMble, re, -rro nonnaIOTC~ e-ery H HMelOT MHO)f(eCTBeHHoe l.fHCIlO, B rpynny b - He HCl.fHCIl ~eM ble.

Baker ['beikd] - neKapb; blower ['bloud] - cTeKIlOnYB; bone [boun] - KOCTb; bottle ['bot!] - 6YTbIIlKa; carpenter ['ka:pintd] - CTOIl~p; cup [kxp] - l.faWKa; farmer [Tc.ma] - 4>epMep; field [Ii.l d) - none: fish [fiS] - pbl6a; flour [fl aug] - MyKa; goldsmith [' gaul dsmi e] - IOBeIlHp; grass [gra:s] -

60

rpasa: hatred ['heitrid] - HeHaB"1CTb; horse [ho.s] - nOW8.Qb; ink [ink] - yepH~na; love [lAY] - n1060Bb; meat [rni.t] - M~CO; orange ['ori nds] - anenscas: paper ['pei pa] - 6YMara; petrol ['petral] - 6eH3~H; piano ['pjrenou] - n~aH~HO; piece [pi.s] - KYCOK; ring [rin] - KOnbl.\O; snow [snou] - CHer; soup [su.p] - cyn; spoon [spu.n] - noxxa: sugar ['Suga] - caxap; sweater ['sweta] - csarep: tail [teil] - XBOCT; tiger ['taiga]rarp; window ['windou] - OKHO; wood [wud] - ApeBec~Ha; wool [wul] - wepcTb.

Exercise 3. Put in a (or an) where necessary. - SCTaBbTe apT~Knb a (lt1n~ an), rne He06xoA~MO. 3,QeCb lt1CnOnb30saHbl cnosa ~3 npeAblAy~ero ynpIDKHeH~~.

1. Children drink ... coffee with ... milk. 2 .... cow eats ... grass in ... field.

3. . .. cat has '" long tail.

4 dog likes ... meat and ... bones.

5 snow is white and soft.

6. fish swims in ... water.

7. I write ... letter on ... paper in ... ink.

8. ... piano makes ... music.

9. He writes about '" love and ... hatred.

10 orange grows on ... tree.

11. car runs on ... petrol.

12 sugar is nice in .. , cup of ... tea.

13. We eat soup with spoon.

14. We cut bread with knife.

15. horse is ... domestic animal.

16 school has ... headmaster.

17. tiger is ... wild animal.

18. He likes ... jam on ... piece of ... bread.

Exercise 4. Put in a (or an) where necessary. - BCTaBbTe apT~Knb a (~n~ an), rne He06xoA~MO. Ilepaaon HOSblX enos ,QaH B ynpIDKHeH~~ 2.

61

npeAllO)l(eH~Sf cocraaneau C nOMoU4blO rnarona make. (Aenars, Bblpa6aTblBaTb, npoaasonars). Korna OA~H npoAYKT Bblpaearuaaercs ~3 npyroro aapxoa, )l(apKO~, neperonxoa, cneAyeT Hcnonb30BaTb npeanor from (H3).

We make cheese from milk. - Mbl AenaeM cup ~3 MonOKa. We make bread from flour. - Mbl AenaeM xne6 H3 MYKH.

Ecn~ 4TO-TO CTpO~TC~, C03AaeTCSf ~3 np~pOAHbiX MaTep~a- . nOB HnH rorosux ~3Aen~~ - H~TOK, K~pnHya, CTeK1la - Hcnonbsyerca npeanor of.

Builders make walls of stone, brick or concrete. - CrpoarenH nenaor CTeHbl ~3 KaMHSf, K~pn~ya ~n~ 6eToHa.

They make panels of concrete. - OH~ nenaior naHen~ ~3 ooToHa.

1 . goldsmith makes ... ring of .,. gold or ... silver.

2. mother makes ... sweater of wool.

3 .... baker makes .. , bread from flour.

4. . .. carpenter makes ... table of wood.

5 farmer makes butter from milk.

6 blower makes bottle of ... glass.

I Lesson Seven

YpOK7j

Kings and Mice

Kopona ~ MbIW~

Pronunciation - npOM3HOWeHMe

npO~3HeceM HeCKOnbKO pyCGK~X rppaa - 8 CnOKO~HOM p~TMe: KOWKa. Xopouras KOWKa. O'-teHb XOpOWa5t KOWKa ... Teneps TOYHO TaK xe no·aHrn~~cK~: A cat. A good cat ... Bce cnosa - c OA~HaKOBbIM YAapeH~eM. KpoMe apT~KI1f1 a - OH C08ceM 6e3YAapHbl~. Ha nocnenaev YAapHoM cnore ronoc "nanaer'', 0603HaY~M 3TO n8AeH~e KOCblM YAapeH~eM C), KOTOpoe KaK 6bl yxaausaer: ronoc SH~3.

A 'cat. A 'good 'cat. A 'very 'good 'big 'cat. A 'boy. A 'little 'boy. A 'little 'English 'boy.

An 'apple. A 'big 'red 'apple. A 'big 'red 'juicy 'apple.


A reneps norosopara 0 xoponnx ~ Mblwax. Let's talk about kings and mice. nOyeMY 0 xoponax? Why?

Well, because Great Britain is a kingdom. Hy, nOToMY '-tTO Ben~K06p~TaH~fI - xoponescrao. Ocp~4~anbHo osa Ha3blsaeTcfl CoeA~HeHHoe Koponeecrso Ben~K06p~TaH~~ ~ CesepHo~ IIlp· naHA~~. Its official name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

So, the English have a king? - IIlTaK, y aHrn~yaH xopons? No, they have a queen now. - HeT, ce~yac y H~X xoponeea. A king rules a kingdom. - Kopons npasar xoponeacrsov. He is a ruler. - OH npasarens.

A king is a man. - Kopons - My>KY~Ha.

A queen is a woman. - Koponesa - )f(eH~~Ha. She is a woman ruler. - OHa )f(eH~~Ha-npas~Tenb.

63

What is the queen's name? - KaK 30Byr xoponeey?

Her name is Elizabeth [I'llzabas]. She is Elizabeth the Second. - Ee 30Byr En~3aBeTo~. OHa - EnH3aBeTa Bropas.

Flpaaarens B AHrnH~CKOM koponeecrae O.QHH. There is one ruler in England. A Mblwe~ TaM, KOHe'-fHO, Ben~Koe MHO)l(eCTBO. There are many mice there.

MHoro no-aHrnH~cK~ many ['meni]. O.QHaKo many ~cnonb- 3yK>T ronsxo C ~C4~cn~eMbIM~ cYuteCTBHTenbHbIMH. COBeTYeT 3anOMHHTb BblpIDKeH~e 8 lot (MHO>KeCTBO, Macca, MHoro), xoropoa MO>KHO CTaBHTb nspen nlO6blM~ CYlLleCTB~TenbHbIMH - ~C'-fHCnHeMbIM~ H HeHC4Hcn~eMbIM~. A lot "paeoraer' BMeCTe C npeanoroa of.

Tim has a lot of books. - Y THMa MHOro KHHr.

Ann drinks a lot of milk. - 8HH nser MHoro MonOKa. They eat a lot of vegetables. - OH~ e.Q~T MHoro oaouiea. He gets a lot of money. - OH nony-iaer MHoro .QeHer. She knows a lot of words. - OHa 3HaeT MHoro enos.

Pa3BHBaSl TeMY MOHapX~H H Mblwe~, OTMeTHM, '-fTO asrna-aHe cpasaaaaor nyrnasoro, raxoro '-fenOBeKa C MblWblO. A OKa3aBWHCb B 3a6poweHHoM, nYCTblHHOM MeCTe, OHH rosopsr, ecna 6YKB8flbHO, '-fTO TaM HH 4enOBeKa, HH MbIWH.

He is as quiet as a mouse. - OH THX~~, KaK MblWb. There is neither man nor mouse there. - TaM HH nlO.Qe~, H~ Mblwe~.

B03bMeM TpH cyuiecrsarensaux - king, man, mouse H ... paseepeucs C aHrnH~CKHM MHO>KeCTBeHHbIM '-f~CnOM.


Flpasano npocreauiee: np~6aBn~eM K CYlLleCTBHTenbHOMY OKOH4aHHe -s (HnH -es) ~ nonY4aeM BMeCTO om-oro xopons xoponea, BMeCTO O.QHO~ xoponeau xoponea ... And so on.

64

a king - kings (xopona)

a queen - queens (xoponsasr) an animal - animals (>K~BOTHble) an apple - apples (~6noK~)

HeonpeAeneHHbl~ apraxns npa STOM, KaK Mbl Y>Ke 3HaeM, "~Cye3aeT'. Ecn~ Hy>KHO YTOYH~Tb, CKonbKO KOHKpeTHo MOHapXOB 6blnO B aHrn~~cKo~ ~CTOp~~ ~n~ CKonbKO ~6nOK B~C~T Ha nepese, CTaB~M nepen cy~ecTB~TenbHbIM Hy>KHOe y~cno.

two (three, four) kings - ABa (rpa, yeTblpe) xopons five (six, seven) apples - n~Tb (uiecrs, ceMb) s:t6noK

nocne rnyxax cornacaux OKOHyaH~e -5 y~TaeTCs:t [s].

cats [ka-ts] - KOWK~ socks [soks] - HOCK~ myths [mi e s] - M~¢lbl

cups [kxps] - yaWK~ cliffs [klifs] - CK8nbl

nOcne rnacaux ~ 3BOHK~X comacsux -5 naer 3BOHKoe [z].

cars [ka.:z] - MaW~Hbl bees [bi.z ] - nyenbl doors [do.z] - ABep~ shoes [Iu.z] - TY¢m~ cows [kauz] - KOPOBbl

ribs [ri bz] - pe6pa

gods [godz] - 60rH

walls [wo.l z] - creau rooms [rumz] - KOMHaTbl sons [sxnz] - CbIHOBbs:t

V1HorAa np~xoA~TC~ ~cnonb30BaTb He -5, a .. es. Hanp~Mep, B TOM cnysae, xoma cnOBO, ero OCHOBa 3aKaHY~BaeTCs:t Ha 3ByK [s] ~n~ [z L ~n~ Ha KaKO~-TO APyro~ w~ns:t~e-3BeH~~e>Ky)f()l(a~~ii1 3ByK. OKOHyaH~e --as oepasyer AononH~TenbHbl~ cnor [iz].

a glass [gla.:s] - glasses ['gla:siz] (craxauu) a bush [buj] - bushes ['buf'iz] (KYCTbl)

a match [rnsetj'] - matches ['meetSiz] (cn~YK~) a badge [beedj] - badges ['beed3i z] (3HaYK~)

65

EcnlJl B KOHue Cy~ecTBlJITenbHOrO CTOlJlT O.QHa -y, BO MHO)KeCTBeHHOM '-IlJIcne nauiercs -ies.

a fly [flai] - flies [flaiz] (MYXlJI)

a body ['bodi] - bodies ['bodiz] (rena) a city ['siti] - cities ['sitiz] (ropona)

an army ['a;mi] - armies ['a:miz] (apMlo1lJ1)

60nbWlJIHCTBO cyuiecrearensaux, xoropue 3aKaH'-Ilo1BaK>TC~ Ha f (lo1nlo1 fe), BO MHO)KeCTBeHHOM '-Ilo1cne "MeH~K>T' f Ha v.

a wolf [wulf] - wolves [wulvz] (BonKlJI) a life [laif] - lives [laivz] ()Klo13Hlo1)

a knife [na if] - knives [n a i vz] (HO)Klo1) a wife [wai f] - wives [wai vz] ()KeHbl)

Reading - LlTeHMe

npO'-llo1TaeM cne.QYK>~lo1~ TeKCT, ruiarensao nporoaapasaa OKOH'-IaHlJI~. ~3 HOBblX cnoa 3,QeCb BCTpeT~Tc~: daughter ['dO:t8] - .QO'-lb; collar ['koI8] - BOPOTHlo1K; furniture ['f8:nitS8] - Me6enb; novel ['novl] - pOMaH; watch [wotS] - HapY'-lHble '-IaCbl; sharp [Sa:p] - OCTPbl~.

KCTaTlJI, furniture MHO)KeCTBeHHO '-IlJIcna He lJIMeeT. KaK CKa3aTb 06 O.QHO~ lo1nlo1 HeCKonbKlo1X seuiax lo13 Me6enbHoro rapsarypa? ~cnonb3Y~Te supaxeaae a piece of furniture .QIl~ onaoro npenuera lo1 pieces of furniture .Qn~ MHOrlJlX npe.QMeTOB Me6enlo1.

Of Rulers and Insects

o npasarensx ~ HaceKOMblX

Kings are rulers. Queens are their wives. They have sons and daughters. Girls like dresses. Boys drive cars and ride horses.

Horses are animals. Cats have long tails. Dogs eat bones.

Flies are small insects. Birds live in trees.

66

Novels are books. Boots are heavy shoes. Watches are small clocks. Rooms have windows. Tables are pieces of furniture. Tables and chairs have legs. Dolls are toys. Coats have collars. Roses are nice flowers. Stockings are long socks. Cabbages are vegetables. Knives are sharp instruments. Oranges look like tennis balls.


Ha TbICs:l4H cnoe-cyuiecraarensaux, xoropue nO.Q4HHSlIOTCs:I 06~eMY npaaany, npHxo.QHTCSl acero HeCKonbKO TaKHX, KOTOpue He nO.Q4HHSlIOTCs:I. ~X 04eHb Mano, HO OHH 04eHb BIDKHble. K HHM OTHOCs:lTCs:I man (4enOBeK), mouse (MbIWb), H raxoe cyuiecreeaaoe cnOBO KaK tooth (3y6): O.QHO neno, xorna 60nHT ronsxo O.QHH, H COBceM npyroe, xorna OHH 60ns:lT BO MHO)KeCTBeHHOM 4Hcne.

8TH "HenpaBHnbHble" cnosa cnenyer 3ay4HTb - H KaK OHH nauiyrca, H KaK npOH3HOCs:lTCs:I.

man [meen] (4enOBeK, MY)K4HHa) men [men] (nlO.QH, MY)K4HHbl)

woman [wurnan] ()I(eH~HHa) women ['wimin] ()KeH~HHbl)

child [tS ail d] (pe6eHoK)

children ['tSildrgn] (.QeTH)

foot [fu t] (aora, crvnas)

feet [Ii.t] (sora, cTynHH)

tooth [tu.G] (3y6)

teeth [ti:8] (3y6bl)

goose [gu:s] (ryes)

geese [gi:s] (ryca)

mouse [maus] (MbIWb)

mice [mais] (MbIWH)

67

Word - CnOBO

Cyuiectsarensaoe man - YHHBepcanbHoe, c ero nOMO~btO MO>KHO CKa3aTb 06 o .... eHb MHorHX seuiax, KaK onyuieaneaasrx, TaK H HeonyweBneHHbrx. npe)t(Ae scero, 3TO "IenOBeK, 3aTeM MY*"IMHa.

Every man needs food. - KIDK.QOMY -renoeexy HY)f(Ha ena, He is a good man. - OH n06pbr~ -renosex.

He is a man of action. - OH -renosexa nefiTenbHbrH.

They want only men for this job. - V1M Hy>KHbl ronsxo My>KliHHbr nnfl 3TOH paooru.

Be a man! - 6ynbTe MY>KliHHOH!

Man BXOnHT B COCTaB CnO>KHbrX cyuiecrearensaux, TaKHX KaK gentleman (A>KeHTnbMeH). BIDKHO 3anOMHHTb, -rro BO MHO· >KeCTBeHHOM l.fHCne MeHfleTCfI ronsxo man, OKOHliaHHe -5 He rpeeyercs: gentlemen (A>KeHTnbMeHbr). nOn06Hbie cnosa 060- aaaxaor, KaK npasano, nporpeocaio, aaasrae Hn~ aauaosansHOCTb.

a policeman - policemen (nonH~eHcKHe) a sportsman - sportsmen (cnoprcaeau) a postman - postmen (no-rransoau)

a boatman - boatmen (nOnoliHHKH)

a fisherman - fishermen (pbI6aKH)

a chairman - chairmen (npeacenarena) an Englishman - Englishmen (aHrn~liaHe) an Irishman - Irishmen (HpnaHn~bl).

Pe>Ke acrpe-raorca cnoxsue cyuiecrearensaue c woman, HanpHMep, Englishwoman (aHrnHl.faHKa); BO MHO)l(eCTBeHHOM liHcne Englishwomen (aHrnHliaHKH).

Oo-ierauae man and wife nepesonarcs KaK MYJK M .eHa. Ha aasone HnH Qla6pHKe men - 3TO pa60"lMe. B apMHH men - 3TO psnosue conA8Tbl, Ha qmore - MaTpocbl. B uiaxvarax H uiauixax man - 3TO neWKa HnH waWKa.

68


.£laBa~TeCAenaeM He60nbWO~ nepepblB. Let's have a break.

Pa3BepHeM HawVI "MHO)KeCTBeHHble" npanacu: sandwiches I/s&nwid3iz] - oyrep6poAbl; sweets [swi.ts] - KOHcpeTbl, cna.QOCTVI; biscuits [fbi skits] - ne4eHbe.

no coce.QCTBY C HaMVI He60nbwafl KOMnaHVI~ Y)f(e YCTPO,",nacs VI nepexycueaer. Who are they? They are three little ghosts. Ghost [gous t] ;s npMBM~eHMe in Husslan.o-lro OHVI nenator? What are they doing? CVlAfiT Ha croneax, e.Q~T nOMT,",K,", nO~)f(apeHHOro xneoa C MacnOM. Post [pous t] B AaHHOM cnv-iae 03Ha4aeT cronti; ecrs npyroe cvuiecrswrensHoe post (n04Ta), OT xoroporo 06pa30BaHO postman (n04Tansoa),

Butter (Macno) aucrynaer 3.QeCb B porta rnarona co 3Ha4eHVieM H8M83blBaTb M8cnOM. TaK 4TO buttered ['bA tad] - STO H8M838HHbiM MacnOM.

Three little ghosts

Are sitting on posts Eating buttered toasts.

n04eMY y rnaronoa OKOH4aHVle -ing? OHO YKa3b1BaeT, 4TO Ae~cTBVle npoacxonar ce~4ac, Ha saurax rnasax. A ecna .Qe~CTBVle npoacxonano B npoumow, y rnaronoa OKOH4aHVle -ed, HanpVlMep: asked [ceskt] - cnpawVlBan; shaved [jeivd] - opVln; shivered ['fiVdd] - npoxan .

.£loeB 6yrep6po.Qbl, pa3Y4V1M cxoporosopxy 0 4enOBeKe no VlMeHVI CSM. OH noepan ceMb nyrnaeux oaeu, CeMb n06pVlTbiX oseu nvrnaso npoxana,

Sam shaved seven shy sheep. Seven shaved sheep shivered shyly.

C npowe.QwVlM BpeMeHeM maronos Mbl HecKonbKo 3a6e)KanVi snepen, a BOT sheep [Ii:p] KaK paa Ha cerOAHflwHtOtO rpaMMaTVl4ecKYtO TeMY. aTO cyiuecrearensaoe VlMeeT O.QVlHaKOBYtO CPOPMY B e.QVlHCTBeHHOM VI MHO)KeCTBeHHOM 4V1cne. KaK rorna

69

OTn~4~Tb O.QHY OB,-,Y OT HeCKOnbK~X? OTBeT: Flepen "e.Q~H~4- HO~" OB'-'O~ CTO~T Heonpe.QeneHHblH apraxns: a sheep (osua). Bo MHO)KeCTBeHHOM 4~cne ero HeT: sheep (osusr), many sheep (MHoro OBe,-,) , seven sheep (ceMb oseu).

Grammar - rP8MM8TMKa

Ecn~ xoporuo, -renosexy ~n~ MbIW~, KaK ~MeHaM cyuiscraaTenbHblM, npenuiecrayer yxaaarensaoe this (STOT), BO MHO)KeCTseHHOM 4~cne OHO npespauraerca B these [bi.z] (ST~).

this king (STOT xopons) this man (STOT 4enoBeK)

these kings (ST~ xopona) these men (ST~ mona)

This ~ these yxasuaaor Ha npe.QMeTbl ~n~ nfO.Qe~, KOTOpue 6n~)Ke K HaM, xoropue here [hio] (3.QeCb).

Look at this, table. - nOCMOTp~Te Ha STOT cron, It is here in the room. - OH 3.QeCb B KOMHaTe.

These chairs are here, too. - aT~ cTynbH TO>Ke 3.QeCb. They are here in this room. - OH~ 3.QeCb B STOH KOMHaTe.

ECTb raxxe yxaaaransaoe that (TOT). Bo MHO>KeCTBeHHOM 4~cne OHO ~MeeT ¢OPMY those [bouz] (re).

that post (TOT crone) that sheep (ra osua)

those posts (re croneu) those sheep (re OBUbl)

That ~ those YKa3blBafOT Ha ornaneaaue npe.QMeTbl ~ nfO.QeH, aa see, 4TO there [5E8] (TaM).

Look at that post. - nOCMOTp~Te Ha TOT crone. It is there in the field. - OH TaM B none.

Look at those sheep. - nOCMOTp~Te aa rex OBe,-,.

They are in that field, too. - OH~ TO>Ke Ha TOM none. That balloon in the sky looks like a small cloud. - TOT

uiapax B He6e nOXO>K Ha ManeHbKYfO TY4KY.

70

Question - Bonpoc

Cnblw~M BOnpOC: B npOWnOM YPOKe glass nepesonanocs KaK CTeKl10. PeLtb wna 0 TOM, LtTO Mbl ~3rOTaBn~BaeM 6yrblnK~ ~3 crexna. We make bottles of glass. A B STOM YPOKe glass cp~ryp~pyeT y>Ke KaK CTaKaH ...

OTBeT: Ow~6K~ HeT. 6e3 apruxna glass - STO CTeKl10, npoapa-uras Macca, ~3 KOTOpO~ MO)KHO nenars CTeKnflHHble ~CLt~CnfleMble Bel4~ - O'-lK~ (spectacles), OKOHHble crexna (window panes), sneKTp~'-IeCK~e naMnOLtK~ (bulbs). C apT~KneM a cvuiecraarensaoe glass 6YAeT OAH~M CTeKnflHHblM npeAMeTOM - CTaKaHOM.

A bottle is made of glass. - 6yrbinKa cnenasa ~3 crexna, Give me a glass of milk. - na~Te MHe CTaKaH MonOKa.


Exercise 1. nepBoe ynpa>KHeH~e - B Blo1Ae AeTcKo~ necesKlo1. HaLtano TaKoe: OAlo1H LtenOBeK co cBoe~ c06aKo~ lo1AeT KOC~Tb nyr. Ilpononxeaae: ABa -renosexa ~ OA~H '-IenOBeK co CBoe~ c06aKO~ lo1Ayr KOC~Tb nyr. nOTOM ~Ayr rpa '-IenOBeKa, ABa -ienoaexa ~ OA~H C c06aKO~ ... nOC'-Ilo1Ta~Te AO nscara, nonssvacs aHrnlo1~CKlo1Mlo1 '-Ilo1Cnlo1TenbHbIM~:

1. one [wxn]

2. two [tu:]

3. three [Sri:]

4. four [fo:]

5. five [f a i v]

6. six [siks]

7. seven ['sevan J

8. eight [ei t]

9. nine [nain]

10. ten [ten]

El4e pas oeparare BHlo1MaHlo1e, '-ITO B cnosa man - rnaCHbl~ 3BYK [re], nOXO>K~~ aa pYCCKoe 3 nOA YAapeHlo1eM B cnoee epa, Bo MHO)KeCTBeHHOM Ltlo1Cne men lo1MeeT 3BYK [e], KOTOPbl~ nOXO>K aa pYCCKoe e B cnose o6MeH.

Bo acex CTp0LtKaX C ynpflMblM nOCTOflHCTBOM nosropsuorca cnosa mow [mou] (KOC~Tb) lo1 meadow ['medou] (nyr).

71

One man goes to mow, goes to mow a meadow.

One man, one man and his dog goes to mow a meadow. Two men go to mow, go to mow a meadow.

Two men, one man and his dog go to mow a meadow. Three men go to mow, go to mow a meadow.

Three men, two men, one man and his dog go to mo,w a meadow ...

~ TaK nanee, And so on.

Exercise 2. Translate into English. - Flepesenare Ha aarn1-1MCK1-1M.

1. 6YKSbi 1-1 cnosa.

2. HO)f(1-1 1-1 nO)f(K1-1.

3. Cronu 1-1 cTynb~.

4. Jlsep1-1 1-1 OKHa.

5. HOCK1-1 101 Ty4>n 1-1.

6. KOMHaTbl 1-1 cresu.

7. KOWKl-1 l-1 MbrW1-1.

8. flOWCij:t101 101 oausr.

9. ManbY1-1Kl-1 101 .QeSOYKl-1. 1 O. 6paTb~ 101 cecrpu.

11. CbIHOSb~ l-1 no-epa.

12. YYHTen~ 101 .QeTl-1.

Exercise 3. Put the sentences in the plural. - Flocrass Te npe.QIlO)f(eH101fI so MHO)f(eCTSeHHOM Y101Cne. He aa6blsaMTe, YTO rnaron roxe MeHfleT 4>0PMY.

Example: A mouse is an animal.

Mice are animals.

A cat sees a mouse. Cats see mice.

1. A king is a ruler.

2. A woman has a son and a daughter.

3. A girl likes a dress.

72

4. A boy drives a car.

5. A cow is an animal.

6. A dog eats a bone.

7. A fly is an insect.

8. A bird lives in a tree.

9. A novel is a book.

10. A watch is a small clock.

11. A room has a window.

12. A doll is a toy.

13. A coat has a collar.

14. A rose is a nice flower.

15. A stocking is a long sock.

Exercise 4. Put the sentences in the plural. - nocTasb Te npeW10>KeH~Ul 80 MHO)l(eCTSeHHoM "4~cne.

Example: This boy is English.

These boys are English.

1. This bottle is green.

2. This knife is sharp.

3. This policeman is strict.

4. This woman is a queen.

5. This thing is an instrument.

6. That apple is on a tree.

7. That horse is in a field.

8. That vegetable is a cabbage.

9. Look at that man.

10. That man is a teacher.

/ Lesson Eight

YpOK 8/

!lOM B nepesae

A Cottage in the Country


B npownbl~ pas Mbl C4101T8fl1o1 ntO.Qe~, xoropue 101.QYT KOC101Tb nyr. Y nepsoro -renosexa 6blna coeaxa. The first man had a dog. Cnosa first (nepsua), second (BTOpO~) 101 third (TpeT101~) 06pa30BaHbi He OT one, two 101 three. nocne third .Qe~cTByeT npocroe npaaano: .Qon101CblBaeM K Kon1014ecTBeHHoMY 4101cn1o1- TenbHoMY OKOH4aH101e -th 101 nonY4aeM nopsnxoaoe. Han101caH1o1e 101 np01013HOWeHt.1e OCHOBbl B aexoropsrx cny-rasx cnerxa MeH~" eTC~, Hanp101Mep, y five, xoropoe CTaHOB101TC~ fifth.

one [wxn]

two [tu.]

three [8ri:] four [fo:]

five [Iaiv]

six [siks 1 seven ['sevan] eight [ei t]

nine [nain]

ten [ten]

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th

10th

first [Io.st] - nepBblH

second ['sekand] - BTOPOH third [Ba.d] - TpeT~~

fourth [fo:8] - 4eTBepTblH

fifth [fi i8) - n~Tbl~

sixth [siks8] - uiecroa seventh ['sevao8]- ce.QbMoH eighth [eit8] - BOCbMOH

ninth [n a in 8] - .QeB~Tbl~ tenth [ten8] - AeCs.Tbl~

TpY.QHO euroeapaeaercs? Ocoeeaao sixth, na? np01013Hec1o1'' Te no 3BYKY: [k], [s], [8]. nOTOM .QBa 3BYKa BMeCTe, O.Q~H OTAenbHO: [ks] [8]. ~ TaK: [k] [s8). ~ nOTOM cn101THO: [ks8] . .D,ns. TpeH101poBK~ n04101TaHTe csoporosopxy npo uiecrs 60nbHbiX oaeu, uiecraa 1013 KOTOPblX P06KO APO)f(101T.

Six sick sheep. ['siks 'sik '[I.p]

The sixth sick sheep shivers shyly. [5a 'siks8 'sik '[i.p '[ivaz '[a i li]

74

B cnoae sheep rnacHbl~ 3BYK ,Qonr~~, a ecna npoasaecrv KOPOTKO, nony~~Tc~ ship (xopaon»). B shyly (p06KO) (5YKBa y ~cnonb3yeTc~ ,QBa>K.Qbl ~ npo~3HoC~TC~ no pa3HoMY: ['Saili).

Discussion - 06cy>KAeHMe

rOpO,QCKO~ )f(lt1Tenb )f(lt1BeT B repone. Jlora-n-o. BOT ronsxo aHrnlt1~aHe .o.n~ 60nbworo ropona ~cnonb3ylOT city, a AJl~ He- 6onbworo town. nplt1 Heo6xo,Q~MOCTlt1 MO)f(HO YTO~H~Tb STY pa3H~u.YJ XOT~, B nplt1Hu.~ne, .QJl~ o6olt1X cnoa nO,Qo~,QeT O,Qlt1HaKOBbl~ nepeson ropoa,

Blisland is a town. - 6nlt1CnsH,Q - (He6onbwo~) ropo,Q. London is a city. - nOH,QOH - (KpynHbl~) ropo,Q.

Moscow is the biggest Russian city. - MocKBa - CaMblYi 6onbwo~ PYCCKlt1~ ropon,

OTnpaBlt1MC~ Tenepb B aHrn~YlCKlt1e nyra c ~x KOpOBaMlt1 (cows), nOW8,QbMlt1 (horses) ~ ¢epMepcKlt1Mlt1 c06aKaMlt1 (dogs). Ho cnenaeu KOPOB neTalOlUlt1M~, a nouiansa lt1 coea« - roaopaLUlt1Mlt1 . .Qn~ -iero? Why? .Qn~ roro, ~To6bl He 6blnO CKY~HO 06- cY*AaTb rpaMMaTlt1~eCK~e eonpocu.

AepeBHH nO-aHrnlt1~CKlt1 village ['vilid3). Ho xorna RepeBHH 03Ha~aeT cenbcKYIO MeCTHOCTb B uenov, ace, ~TO sa roponov, aHrnlt1~aHe rosopsr the country [o8'kAntri]. Country Y)f(e ecrpe-ranocs HaM B 3Ha~eHlt1lt1 crpasa.

Russia is a big country. - POCClt1~ 60nbwa~ crpaaa, What country are you from? - Bbl lt13 KaKo~ crpasu?

KaK OTnlt1~~Tb crpaay OT ,QepeBHlt1? no cMblcny scero npe,Q· nO)f(eHlt1~. KpOMe sroro, B 3Ha~eHlt1~ cenbCK8H MeCTHOCTb cnOBO country ecerna c apTlt1KneM the.

Mr Baker lives in a city. - Mlt1CTep 6eYlKep )f(~BeT B ropone. His sister lives in a village. - Ero cecrpa )f(lt1BeT B nepesse. She likes to live in the country. - OHa n106lt1T )f(~Tb B

censcxoa MeCTHOCTlt1. MnM: OHa n106lt1T )f(lt1Tb aa ropO,QOM.

75

BOT "npaenaaas" HCTOPHfI npo rpex ManbLfHKOS H3 60nbWOro ropona, This story is about three city boys. OHH e.QYT sa ropon, They go to the country. OHH ornpasnmorca Ha neiuyio nporynxy sa ropoaou. They go for a walk in the country.

Go cooeuiaer 0 nepe.QsH)K.eHHH a uenov, TaK LfTO Hcnonb- 3YVlTe era H Kor.Qa Bbl H.QeTe neWKOM, H xorua enera a rpaacnopre,

I go along the street. - s:I H.Qy no ynaue, They go to london. - OH H e.QyT a flOH.QOH.

This train goes to York. - STaT noesn H.QeT B ~OpK. It goes fast. - OH ener 6blCTpo.

r naron walk - STO MATM neWKOM. Cnoao MO>KeT 6blTb H cy~ecTaHTenbHblM nporynKa, nO.Qpa3YMeaaeTcfI, LfTO neuias.

Tim walks a lot. - THM MHoro XO.QHT neWKOM.

He never goes by bus, he walks to school. - OH HHKor.Qa He. ener aaT06ycOM, OH H.QeT neWKOM B uncony,

Never walk across the street if the light is red. - HHKor.Qa He nepexonare -iepea ynHLty, ecna ceer KpaCHbl~.

let's go for a walk in the park. - .llaaa~Te CXO.QHM Ha nporynxy a napx,

Reading - '-ITeHMe

Mbl y6e.QHnHCb, LfTO walk MO)K.eT 6blTb H rnaronou, H cy~ecTaHTenbHbIM. Teneps nocMOTpHM, KaK aexoropue aHrnH~cKHe cy~ecTaHTenbHble Hcnonb3YlOTcfI a porta npanararensuoro,

CTasHM city (ropon) nepen boy (ManbLfHK), nonv-raercs a city boy (roponcxoa ManbLfHK). Milk (MonoKo) S COLfeTaHHH C bottle (6YTbJnKa) naer a milk bottle (MonoLfHafi 6YTbInKa). Euie npHMepbl: a stone wall (KaMeHHafi crena), a brick house (KHpnHLfHbl~ .QOM), a paper bag (6YMa>KHbIVl naxer), a London street (noH.QoHcKaS1 ynuua), country life (censcxaa )K.H3Hb, )KH3Hb a nepesae).

76

A Cow's Nest KopoBbe rHe3.QO

Three city boys go for a walk in the country. They walk along a path. They cross a field and see a farm ~ Some cows are in a meadow near the farm. One of the boys sees a pile of empty milk bottles. He yells to his friends, "Come quick! Here is a cow's nest."

Words - Cnoaa

path [pa.:8] - TponHHKa; cross [kros] - nepexoAHTb, nepeceKaTb; farm [f cern] - <pepMa; some [sxrn] - HeCKOIlbKO; near [nia] - P~AOM, no6IlH30CTH; pile [pail] - t<y4a; empty ['empti] - nYCTO~; yell [jell - rpOMKO Kp~4aTb, sonars: quick [kwik] - 6bICTPO; nest [n est] - rne3AO.


Y3Ka~ censcxaa rponassa (country path) npaaena Hac K ct>epMe (farm). Y ct>epMepa B X03~~cTBe MHoro acero ~MeeTcs. OcTaHoB~M caoe BH~MaH~e ... Ha rnarone have [hrev I (~MeTb).

I have a flat. - Y MeH~ ecrs xeaprapa.

We have a small family. - Y Hac He6onbwa~ ceMb~. You have a house. - Y aac (c06cTBeHHbl~) .QOM.

They have a house in the country and a flat in the city. - Y H~X ecrs .QOM B nepeeae ~ xeaprapa B repone,

Bo scex np~Mepax ~cnonb30BaHa O.QHa ct>opMa have. ~ ronsxo B TpeTbeM naue, .Qfl~ he (OH), she (osa) , it (OHO) cnyner nacars ~ rosopars has [heez]

A farmer has a horse. - Y ct>epMepa ecrs nouiaas. His wife has a cat. - Y ero >KeHbl ecrs KOWKa.

A cat has four legs. It has a long tail. - Y KOWK~ LleTblpe Hor~. Y see Afl~HHbIVi XBOCT.

77

Question - Bonpoc

Bonpoc aaapesaer, ~ Mbl cneW~M era npenynpenars: Aa, no-aHrn~~CK~ KOWKa, coeaxa, xopoaa - it (oao),

A cat is a small animal. - KOWKa He60nbwoe )I(~BOTHoe. It catches mice. - OHa nOBHT Mblwe~.

Many people keep it as a pet. - MHorHe nlOAH nepxar ee B KaLteCTBe AOMaWHero nI06HM,-,a.

8TO Bo06LUe H B uenov, HO ecna peLtb HAeT a nHLtHO BaweM sereepoaoroa npyre (your pet), KOTOPbl~ LtYTb nH He LtneH ceMbH, rorna aHrnlllLtaHe Hcnonb3YlOT he HnH she, B 3aB~CHMOCTH aT Taro, KaT 3TO IIInH KOWKa.

3aMeT~M B cK06Kax: npo Kopa6nb B AHrnHH nOLteMY-TO rosopar she. ~ npo B03AYWHbl~ Kopa6nb - caesoner. roxe she. y)I( aTH aHrnHLtaHe!


Pa3rOBOp nowen a n~LtHOM: y xoro cooaxa HMeeTc~, y xoro KOWKa ... nocnywaeM, KaK KIDK,QOe nauo aasanaer a CBOHX poACTBeHHHKax, Hcnonb3y~ npHT~)I(aTenbHble M8CT0HMeHH~ rana my (MO~, MO~, Moe) H cneAYIOLUHe cnosa: grandmother ['grc:endmAb8] - 6a6ywKa; grandfather ['grc:endfa:b8] - AeAywKa; niece [ni.s] - nneM~HHH,-,a; nephew ['nevju:] - nneM~HHHK; cousin ['kAzn] - ABOlOpOAHbl~ 6paT HnH cecrpa,

06paTHTe BHHMaHHe: 6YKBa r B KOH'-'~ cnoa He npOH3HOCHTcs - no Kpa~He~ Mepe, B cTaHAapTHOM, 6pHTaHcKOM eapaa-rre fl3blKa, HO OHa HaLtHHaeT 3BYLtaTb, ecna cneAYIOLUee cnOBO Ha'-iHHaeTCfI C rnacaoa. 8TO He O'-ieHb pacxaracroe r KaK 6bl coeA~H~eT ABa cnOBa B OAHO.

your [jo:] her [ho.] our ['au8] their [o£d]

your uncle [jo.r' AUkl] - eaui AfiAfi her aunt [ha.r'ccnt] - ee rers

our uncles [auar'xnklz] - HaWH A~AH their aunts [b£8r'a:nts] - HX TeT~

78

The Singular - EAMHCTSeHHOe lfMCnO

I have a sister. - Y MeHff ecrs cecrpa, It is my sister. - aTO MOff cecrpa, You have a brother. - Y Te6ff ecrs 6paT.

It is your brother. - aTO TSOi1 6paT.

Tim has an aunt. - Y T~Ma ecrs TeTSL It is his aunt. - aTO ero TeTSL

His aunt has a daughter. - Y ero TeT~ ecrs AO'-tb.

It is her daughter. - 9TO ee AO'-tb.

A doll has a pretty face. - Y KYK1lbl xpacaaoe nauo, Look at its face. - nOCMOTp~Te Ha ee nauo,

The Plural - MHO)l(ecTseHHoe lfMcno

We have two uncles. - Y Hac ABa ASI.Q~.

They are our uncles. - 9TO Haw~ .Q5f.Q~.

You have two grandmothers. - Y sac nae 6a6ywKH.

They are your grandmothers. - aTO saura 6a6ywK~.

They have three nieces. - Y H~X TP~ nneMSlHH~Ubl.

I know their nieces. - ~ 3HatO ~x nneMSlHH~U.

Discussion - 06CY>KAeHMe

MaM~Hbl se~~ 6y.QyT mum's things, nan~Hbl - dad's things. B KOHue cnosa, xoropoe oooaaa-raer snanensua, CTaS~TCSI OC06bll:1 3Ha'-tOK - anocrpoo (') ~ nonacuaaerca 6YKsa s. 3aTeM Mbl Ha3blsaeM TO, '-teM '-tenoseK ananeer, '-teM PYKOBO.Ql-1T, ynpaanaer, aasenyer.

a farmer's dog - ¢epMepCKaSl cooaxa VlflVl cooaxa ¢epMepa Mr Baker's car - MaW~Ha Ml-1CTepa 6ei1Kepa

Mrs Green's class - xnacc M~CC~C rp~H

this man's wife - )KeHa sroro -ienoaexa

Bnanensues MO)KeT 6blTb HeCKonbKO: farmers, boys, girls, students. B TaKOM cny-ae Ao6asnSlTb sropoe -s He HY)KHO, nOCTaSbTe TonbKO anOCTpo¢.

79

farmers' fields - cpepMepCKHe nons HnH nons cpepMepoB boys' shoes - Maflb'-lHKOBb)e TycpnH HnH TycpnH Manb'-lHKOB girls' dolls - AeBO'-lKHHbl KYKnbl HnH KyKJ1bl AeeO'-leK students' hostels - cTYAeH'-IecKHe 06ll.le)f(HTH5t

"Bn8Aenb~eMfI MO)f(eT 6blTb KTO-HH6YAb H3 xpsmaro-poraroxaocraroa )f(HBHOCTH.

a bird's nest - nTH'-Ibe rHe3AO a eat's tail - KOWa'-lHH XBOCT a cow's horn - KOPOBHH por

a dog's paw - C06a'-lb5t nana

Pe'-lb wna 06 oAyweBneHHblX cyuiecraarensasrx, EcnH Mbl rOBopHM 0 HeoAyweBneHHblx npenverax, cnenyer Hcnonb30- ears KOHCTpyK~HIO C npeanorov of.

a leg of a chair - HO)f(Ka cryna

a corner of the room - yron KOMHaTbl the roof of a house - xpsuua AOMa

Reading - .... TeHMe

!,.1TaK, BMeCTe C ropoAcKHMH Maflb'-lHKaMH Mbl BblwnH K cpepMe. Hawero cpepMepa 30Byr MHcTep CMHT. 3Ha'-lHT, ece CMHToBcKoe, ace, MHcTepy CMHTY npHHClAJle)f(all.l~e, - AOM, CbIHOBb5t, )f(HBOTHble H nons, - 6YAyr Mr Smith's house, Mr Smith's sons, Mr Smith's animals and fields.

A Farm in the Country <l>epMa B nepeeaa

Part I

Farms are in the country. This farm is in the country, too.

This is the farmer. His name is Mr Smith. We see his house. It is a cottage. A cottage has two floors. Most country people in England live in cottages. Some people live in bungalows.

80

A bungalow is a house with only one floor.

The farmer's sittingroom and diningroom are on the ground floor. The kitchen is next to the diningroom. The bedrooms are on the first floor. The bathroom is on the first floor, too. It is next to the farmer's bedroom.

City people live in flats.

Notes - npMMe"laHMSI

1. Bce '-IaLUe ~ '-IaLUe HaM SCTpeLfaeTCSI onpeAeneHHbl~ apTIo1K1lb the [58]. OH YKa3b1BaeT, "'ITO nspen HaM~ KOHKpeTHbl~, HaM 1013BeCTHbl~ '-IenOBeK Io1nlo1 npeAMeT. CpaSHIo1M ABa npeAJ10>KeHIo1SL

We see a farm. - Mbl Blo1AIo1M ¢epMY. The farm is big. - <t>epMa 60nbwaSi.

8 nepsov np~Mepe HeonpeAeneHHbl~ apraxrn,; Mbl Blo1AIo1M KaKYK>-TO He3HaKoMYtO ¢epMy, OAHY ...,3 MHorIo1X, cy~eCTBYIO· lltlo1X Ha CBeTe. 80 BTOPOM nplo1Mepe }')Ke the: Mbl npononxaee paarosop 0 TO~ caMo~ ctJepMe, KOTOpylO YBIo1Aenlo1.

2. 8 AHrn...,101 cottage ['kotid31 - 3TO He KoneWK B HaweM nOHIo1MaHlo1lo1, a ASYX3TIDKHbl~ yaCTHbl~ AOM. nO-aHrnHlJICKIo1 3TIDK 101 non Ha3blSatOTCSI OAIo1HaKOBO - floor [flo:]. To, '-ITO Y Hac nepBbl~ 3Ta>K, no-aHrnHHcKIo1 ground floor - 6YKsanbHo, "3eMn5tHO~" 3Ta>K, TO ecre Ha YPOBHe 3eMnlo1. Flocrapaarecs aanOMHIo1Tb: aHrnlo1~cKoe first floor cooraercrayer HaweMY STO" POMY aTa>KY, second floor - TpeTbeMY ... And so on.

Bungalow ['bAUg8Iou] B AHrnHIo1 - aTO OAHOaTa>KHbIVl AOM, a He KaKoe-TO rponaxecxoe 6YHrano.

3. In most English houses... 8 60nbwlo1HcTse aHrnlo1~cKlo1x AOMOS KOMHaTbl pacnonoxeau Io1MeHHO TaK, KaK Mbl npo-urrana B TeKCTe: rOCTIo1HaSl, cronoaas, KyXHs:t - Ha nepsov 3TIDKe. Jlecraaua BHYTPIo1 AOMa BeAeT aaaepx (upstairs), Ha BTOpO~ 3TIDK, me cnansaa.

81

The sittingroom and the diningroom are on the ground floor. - rOCT~Hafi ~ cronosas Ha nepsov 3Ta>Ke.

The kitchen is on the ground floor, too. - KYXHfI TO>Ke Ha nepsov 3TIDKe.

The bedrooms are on the first floor. - CnanbH~ Ha BTOPOM 3TIDKe.

The bathroom is on the first floor, too. - BaHHafi TO>Ke H'a

BTOPOM 3Ta>Ke.

It is next to the bedrooms. - OHa PfI.QOM co cnanbHflM~. Is the hall on the first floor? - Flpaxoxaa Ha BTOPOM 3Ta>Ke? No, it is not. It is on the ground floor. - HeT. OHa Ha

nepBOM 3Ta>Ke.

4. KaK H~ crpasao, flat (xaaptape) npoasourno OT npanararensaoro flat (nnocxaa). Korna crane CTpO~Tb 60nbw~e roponCK~e AOMa, ace KOMHaTbl B H~X pacnonaranacs Ha OAHOM YPoBHe; 6naro.Qapfi 3TO~ "nnocxoa" nnaaaposxe ~ B03H~KnO cyuiecrearensaoe flat. Ha TOT cny-iaa, ecna Bbl CTonKHeTeCb C aMep~KaHuaM~, cootnuaev, LtTO Y H~X COBceM npyroe cnOBO Aflfl 0603HaLteH~fI xeapraps: - apartment [o'pc.trnan t].

B nlO60M cnysae, aHrn~~cK~~ ~n~ aMep~KaHcK~~ reponeKOM )f(~Tenb, ~MelOut~~ xsaprapy, CKa>KeT 0 CBoeM >K~n~~e ~MeHHO flat ~n~ apartment, rorna KaK PYCCK~~ rOpO>KaH~H CKa>KeT AOM, ~Mefl B B~.QY see crpoesae, B KOTOPOM HaXO.Q~TCfI ero xsaprapa . .Qnfl MHoroKBapT~pHoro .QOMa Y aHrn~LtaH ecrs onpenenesae a block of flats.

My flat is in a quiet place. - MOfl xsaprapa B T~XOM MeCTe. He has a flat in a suburb. - Y H~ro xsaprapa B nparopone, Tim and his family live in a block of flats. - T~M ~ ero

ceMbfl )f(~BYT B MHoroKBapT~pHoM .QOMe.

Word - Cnoeo

CnoBO people ['pi:pl] coorsercreyer PYCCKOMY ntOAM. C TOLtK~ 3peH~fI rpaMMaT~K~, 3TO c06~paTenbHoe cyuiecraarsnsHoe. Mbl rosopav: nlO.Q~ )f(~BYT, nlO.Q~ ~MeIOT xsaprapu ...

82

Bo MHO>KeCTeeHHOM y~cne. V1 no .. aHrn~~CK~ e people ~cnonbayercs rnaron BO MHO>KeCTeeHHOM y~ene.

They are city people. - OH~ roponcxae ntO.Q~.

Some people live in flats. - Hexoropue nlOA~ )f(~Byr e xeaprapex.

A lot of people travel in summer. - MHor~e ntOA~ nyreweCTBytoT neTOM.

English people usually have tea for breakfast. - AHrn~yaHe 06blYHO nbtoT yaH sa 3aBTpaKoM.

A ecna HY)f(HO cxaaars npo onsoro ~3 MHor~x nK)Ae~?

V1cnonb3YHTe 3HaKOMoe cnOBO man (YenOBeK, My)t(Y~Ha). V1n~ woman, ecna 3TO )t(eH~~Ha. ECTb cvuiecraarenseoe person ['pa:sn], xoropoe 06bflcH~eTcfl aHrnVlY!cK"'M TonKOBblM cnosapeM KaK man, woman, or child. To ecrs OHO nOAXO,Q~T AI1~ nt060ro yenOBeyecKoro cyuiecrea, Aarno-pyccxaa cnoaaps naer AI1f1 person nepeson oc06a, nM"IHOCTb, cy6'beKT, HO B KaK~xTO cny-rasx ny-uue nepesecra KaK "IenOBeK.

Every man wants to have a house. - Ka>t<nbIYt xenoeex XOyeT ~MeTb (csoa) AOM.

This room is for two people. - 9TOT (rocT~H~'-IHbIH) HOMep Ha AByX xenoeex.

Discussion - 06Cy>KA8HMe

Ilepen TeM, KaK aepHyTbcfI K YTeH~tO "nepeseacxoro' TeKCTa, yrO'-lH~M pa3H"'~y Me>KAY in '" into.

Flpennor in cooeuiaer HaM, YTO yenOBeK ~nH npeAMeT HaXOA~TC~ BHyrp~ xaxoro-natio npOCTpaHCTBa, B npensnax KaKl1X-TO rpasau, B KaKOYt-TO cpene,

The farmer is in his house. - ct>epMep B csoeu AOMe. The furniture is in the room. - Me6enb B KOMHaTe. The cows are in the field. - KOPOBbl B none.

83

Smith lives in England. - CM~T )l(l'IBeT B AHrn~~. He lives in the country. - OH )Kl'IBeT B AepeBHe.

We see a balloon in the sky. - Mbl Bl'IAl'IM uiapa« B He6e. Look at the frogs in the pond. - nOCMOTpl'lTe aa n}1ryweK B

npYAY·

Ilpennor into vxasueaer ua .QBl'I)K8Hl'Ie sayrpe, B HOBbie npenenu 1'I rpaHl'I'-'bl, norpyxeuae B KaKYK>-n1'l60 cpeny.

The farmer goes into his house. - <l>epMep BXO.Ql'IT B .QOM The cowherd takes the herd into the field. - Ilacryx Be.QeT CT8,QO B none.

A balloon floats into the sky. - Wapl'lK JleTl'IT B He60.

A frog jumps into the pond. - Jlsryunca npuraer B npy.Q.

Reading - I.fYeHMe

A Farm in the Country <l>epMa B nepesae

Part II

The farmer has a horse. He has some cows. The farmer hires some men and women to help him on the farm. One of the men takes care of the farmer's cows. He is a cowherd. In the morning he takes the cows out into the field. There are fifteen cows in the herd. The farmer keeps the cows for milk. He keeps some pigs, too.

Besides the cottage the farmer has a barn.

Cows and pigs are domestic animals. Is a dog a domestic animal? Yes, it is. It is not a wild animal.

The farmer's wife has a cat. The cat has enough food, but it also hunts for mice. When it catches a mouse it brings it to the farmer's wife. The cat wants to show its mistress that it is a useful animal and a good hunter.

The farmer has a family. He has a wife and two children.

They are boys. They are his sons.

84

We see a garden round the farm-house. We see some appletrees in it. The farmer grows and sells apples. He grows cabbages and carrots and potatoes in his garden, too.

The farmer goes about the country on horseback. One day

he rides his horse and passes a dog by the road.

"Hello," says the dog.

"tncredlotel" says the farmer. "A talking dog!" "Amazing!" says the farmer's horse.

Words - CnoBa

hire ['haia] - HaH~MaTb (Ha pa60ry); fifteen ['fiPti:n] - nflTH~uars: barn [been] - aM6ap; pig [pig] - CB~Hbst; enough [i'nxf] - AOCTaTOYHO; food [Iu.d ] - eAa; also ['o:lsou] - TatoKe; when [wen] - KorAa; bring [brio] - npMHocMTb; mistress ['misiris] - x03RMKa; useful ['ju:sful)- none3Hbl~; round [raund] - soxpyr: sell [sel] - nponaears: carrot ['kcerat] - MOPKOBb; potato [pa'teitou ] - KapTowKa; pass [pees] - npOe3>KaTb, npoxoAMTb (M~MO); incredible [in'kredi b 1] - HeBeposnHbl~; talking ['to:kilJ] - rOBOpRLl\~~; amazing [a'rneiz in] - nopa3~TenbHbl~.

Notes - npMMe"laHMR

1. Cyuiecrsarensaoe cowherd [rkauh~:dl (nacryx) "cnoxeHO" lo13 nayx enos - cow (xoposa) ~ herd (CTa,QO). KCTaTlo1, ecna yenOBeK nacer OBe~, aHrnVlyaHe Ha3blB8tOT ero no ~HOMy - shepherd ['Sepad].

CYLUecTBHTenbHble farmer (q:,epMep), hunter (OXOTHVlK) lo1 rider (Hae3.QH~K) 06pa30BaHbi c nOMOl1.\blO cycp¢JHKca -er. OTOT cn~COK MO)KHO npOAOn)K~Tb, A06aBHB, Hanplo1Mep, teacher (YYHrens) , baker (nexaps}, ruler (npaswrens), carpenter (cronsp), worker (pa60ylo1~), writer (nacarens),

2. CaMo no ce6e cyuiecrearensaoe care [ kea I - aTO 3a6oT8. Mbl scrperana ero B BblpIDKeH~H take care, xoropoe B ~enOM lo1MeeT 3HayeH~e 3a6oTMTbCR, cneAMTb.

nepeBeAeM BMeCTe HeCKonbKO npeAflO>KeHlo1~, YT06bl ny-uue nOH~Tb npOY~TaHHbl'1 TeKCT.

85

A cowherd looks after cows. - nacTYX npMCMaTpMsaeT sa , KopoBaMM.

A shepherd takes care of sheep. - nacTYx cnenar sa OSLJ.8MM.

The farmer is a good rider. - <1>epMep XOpOWM~ Hae3AHMK.

MnH: <l>epMep xopowo e3,QMT eepxou.

He rides about the country on horseback. - OH e3,QMT rio OKpeCTHOCT~M BepXOM.

He takes the cows out into the field. - OH BbIBO,QMT KOpOS

S none.

He hunts on horseback. - OH OXOTMTC~ sepxov.

He sees a dog by the road. - OH SM,QMT c06aKY y nopora, His horse can talk. - Ero nOW8Ab MO)f(eT rosopars.

His cat hunts for mice. -·Ero KOWKa OXOTMTCfl Ha Mblwe~.

3. O,QHO M3 3HayeHM~ rnarona keep [ki.p] - COAep)l(8Tb, AeplK8Tb.

Mr Smith keeps cows. - MMcTep CMMT nepxar KOpOS.

He keeps his pigs in a pigsty. - OH (cojnepxar CSOMX CBMHe~ S CSMHapHMKe.

He keeps grain in a barn. - OH nepxar sepuo S aM6ape.

AHrnM~cKa~ Hapo,QHafl MYAPOCTb COBeTYeT csenars S AeHb no ~6noKY, M rorna BaM He nOH8A06MTC~ spay. An apple a day keeps the doctor away. EcnM 6YKsanbHO, fl6nOKO B ,QeHb nepxar spa-a Ha paCCTO~HMM OT sac,

Translation - nepeBOJl

nepese,QeM BOCKnM~HMfI cpepMepa M ero nOWaQM.

MO)f(HO nepenars npanararensasre incredible (aesepoarHbli1) M amazing (nopaaarensasra) HapeYMflMM HeBepoSiTHo M nopaaarensao. MO)f(HO eocnonsaoearsca KaKMMM-nM60 npyraMM eoarnacava - TaKMMM, xoropue copaanacs 6bl C BaWMX ry6 n PM BM,Qe rOBOp~ ~ei1 c06aKM.

Incredible! - He MO)f(eT 6blTb!

Amazing! - Hy M HY! Mnu: BOT STO nal

86

Question - Bonpoc

Mbl cpaaaaaana rnaronu go ~ walk. A KaKaR paaaaua Me>KAY go ~ come? Onosaps naer ~M oA~HaKoBbl~ nepeson - MATM, XOAMTb.

OTBeT: Pa3H~L\a B TOM, 4TO come oaaa-raer AB~)KeH~e, npaxon, np~6n~)KeH~e, B03Bpati\eH~e - BO MHor",x cnyxasx K TOMY MecTY, rAe HaXOA~TC5t rOBOp5t~~~.

He often comes to me. - OH '-IaCTO npaxonar KO MHe. Mum comes home at five o'clock. - MaMa npaxonar AOMO~ B n5tTb '-IaCOB.

A lot of children come to Tim's birthday. - MHoro AeTe~ np~XOA~T K T~MY Ha AeHb pO>KAeH~5t.

Ilparnauiaa xoro-naoo K ce6e, C co60~, aa c060~, ~cnonb- 3Y~Te ~MeHHO come.

Come here! - V1A~Te oonal

Come to me! - V1A~Te KO MHe! Come with me! - nown~ co MHO~! Come in! - Bxonarel

Come this way! - Flpoxonare oonat

Come and see us. - np~XoA~Te noosenars Hac.

Fnaron go cooeuiaer 0 AB~)KeH~~, nepeMe~eH~~ B nlO60M aanpasneaaa, HO He B CTOPOHY roaopsuiero,

Go there! - V1A~Te TYAa!

Go and see them. - CXOA~Te, nposeaaare "'x.

You go out of the house. - Bbl BbIXOA~Te ~3 AOMa. Tim goes to school. - T~M XOA~T B wKony.

Trains go between London and Paris. - Floesna XOA~T Me)t(AY nOHAOHOM ~ nap~)KeM.

06a rnarona npacyrcrayor B ~3BeCTHOM 6",6ne~cKoM BblCKa3bIBaH"'''': Generations come and generations go, but the world stays just the same. nOKoneH"'Si np"'XO.QRT '" nOKOneH"'5t YXOASiT, a 3eMnSl OCTaeTC5t raxoa xe,

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Exercise 1. Translate into English using have or has. - Flepesenare Ha aHrn~&1cK~&1t l-1CnOnb3Yfl have l-1n~ has.

1. Y MeHfI ecrs npyr B AHrn~~.

2. Y Te6f1 ecrs oreu ~ MaTb.

3. Y Hero ecrs AOM B nepeaae.

4. Y aee ecrs xpacaoe nnarse.

5. Y Hac ecrs xaaprapa B STOM repone.

6. Y aac eCTb nouian» ~ OBUbl.

7. Y H~X ecrs Ca,Q C fl6noHflM~.

8. Y sroro ¢JepMepa eCTb roeopsuiaa coeaxa.

Exercise 2. Translate the words in brackets into English. - Ilepeaenare cnosa B cK06Kax Ha aHrn~&1cK~&1.

1. He is a (roponcxoa) boy.

2. His father is a (wKonbHbl&1) teacher.

3. A (noHAoHcK~H) bus is red.

4. They like (cenbcK~&1) life.

5. He gives his wife a (30noTo&1) ring.

6. The boy sees a (Mono .... Hbl&1) bottle.

7. It is a (cTeKnflHHbl&1) bottle.

8. We eat an (fl6noYHbl&1) pie.

Exercise 3. Put the sentences in the plural. - Flocrassre npeAf10)f(eH~fI BO MHO)f(eCTBeHHOM Yl-1cne.

1. A dog is a domestic animal.

2. A potato is a vegetable.

3. A wife is a woman.

4. A wolf is a wild animal.

5. A room is a bedroom, a sittingroom or a diningroom.

6. An apple grows on a tree.

7. A farmer is a man who lives on a farm.

8. A teacher is a man or a woman.

9. A fly is an insect.

10. A dog hates a cat.

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11. A cat has a long tail.

12. A cowherd takes care of a cow.

13. He sells an apple.

14. A rider rides a horse.

15. A farmer grows a cabbage.

Exercise 4. Translate the words in brackets. - nepeBeA~Te cnOBa B cK06Kax.

1. (Mo~ A~A~) is a history teacher.

2. (Ero >KeHa) grows frowers and vegetables.

3. (Ee xounca) catches mice and flies.

4. (lt1x CbIHOBbs:t) take care of the cows.

5. (V1x 4JepMa) is in the fields.

6. I and (MOH nana H MaMa) live in Moscow.

7. (Mos:t cecrpa) is seven years old.

8. (Ee APY3bs:t) often come to see her.

9. (Hauia .QBOlOpoAHble 6paTbs:t) come to see us.

10. Is (saw oreu) a baker?

YpOK 91

1 Lesson Nine

The Sun in the Sky

ConH~e B He6e


[i:] he, green, seed, street, three, week, meat, seat

[i] him, hill, milk, middle, ship, spring, thing, winter [e] dress, let, leg, peg, second, ten, yes, head, bread [re] apple, cat, exam, daddy, hat, rabbit, sad, tram

B npoumou ypoxe nOMMMO KOPOBbMX rHe3.Q M rceopsuiax coeax HaM MHoro paa BCTpeTMIlC5I onpe.QeIleHHblM apraxne the.

The farmer has a horse. - Y ¢epMepa ecrs nouians. The farm is big. - <l>epMa 6onbwa5l.

The cat catches mice. - Kounca nOBMT Mblwe~.

nepe.Q cornaCHblM 3BYKOM the YMTaeTCfI [b8].

the floor of the room [b~lflo:8vb8'rum] - non KOMHaTbl the sun in the sky [b8'sAninb8'skai] - consue B He6e all the year ['o:lb~'j8:] - sees ron

nepe.Q rnaCHblM cnaeoe [~] MeH5IeTC5I aa yeTKOe [i]. the old man [bi'ould'mcen] - crapax

round the earth [r aundbi'o.G] - aoxpyr 3eMnM in the evening [inbi'i.vniu] - BeyepOM


Onpe.QeneHHblM apraxns the npoasouren OT yxasareneaoro that (STOT, TOT). Yxaaarensaoe 3HayeHMe coxpausercs 3a apTMKIleM: OH nonsepxaeaer, YTO nspen HaMM npe.QMeT MIlM yeIlOBeK onpe.QeneHHbl~ - TOT caMbl~, 0 KOTOPOM Mbl roaopana, KOTOPblM HaM M3BeCTeH, Ha KOTOPblM Mbl YKa3b1BaeM.

90

The farmer has two sons. - Y ¢epMepa (c KOTOPbtM Mbt YJKe 3HBKOMbt) nsoe cuaosea.

The sons help him on the farm. - CblHOBbSl (0 KOTOPbtX Mbt ronu«: '-ITO C006Il1HnH) nOMOratOT eMY aa ctlepMe.

The cat catches mice. - Kouixa (cpepMepcKBR) nOB~T Mblwe~.

Onpe.QeneHHbl~ aprwcns MO)f(eT CTOflTb H nepen AOMOM, ~ nepen AOM8MM, H napen CT8KBHOM, ~ nepen CTeKl10M ... Kopo-ie, nepen ~C4~cnfleMbfMH H HeHCYHCnReMbJMH cyuiecraaTenbHblMH, nepen eA~HCTBeHHbIM ~ MHO)t(eCTBeHHbIM YHCnOM.

Bo MHor~x cnyxaax Heonpe.oeneHHbJ~ apT~Knb a KaK 6bl npencrasnaer HaM npenver. nocne sroro ero CMeHReT ap~ THKIlb the: Mbl npo.Qon)l(aeM peYb 06 3TOM npe.QMeTe.

Alice sees a box. - Anaca BH.Q~T Kopo60YKY. The box is small. - (aTa) «opoeo-uca ManeHbKa~.

lI1Hor.Qa "npencrasneaas" H He rpeoyerca, Hanpauep, noroflOK B nt060~ KOMHaTe acerna O.QHH, e.QHHcTBeHHbl~ H KOHKpeT~ Hbl~, cepenaua KOMHaTbl roxe O.QHa-e.QHHCTBeHHafl, .QPyrHx 6blTb He MO)l(eT ...

the ceiling of the room - noronox KOMHaTbl the middle of the hall - cepenaaa sana

the other side of the street - npyras croposa yn~u.bl

the first turning on the right - nepBbl~ nosopor HanpaBo the largest river in England - KpynHe~wafi pexa B AHrnHH

B cne.QytO~eM npeAflO>KeHHH c006l1.(aeTC~, YTO Mbl BHAHM KPblWY .QoMa . .QOM He3HaKOMbl~, HO Kpblwa y rnoeoro crpoeaas, .QIDKe He3HaKOMoro - e.QHHCTBeHHaR, onpeaeneaaas. TO'-lHO TaK Ha nt060M xopaene O.QHa xanaraacxaa .Qon)l(HOCTb.

We see the roof of a house. ~ Mbl BH.QHM KPblWY AOMa. Tim wants to become the captain of a ship. - THM XO'-leT CTaTb KanHTaHOM Kopa6nfl.

91

Discussion - 06Cy>K.QeHMe

BcnOMHHM - P8AH rpaMMaTHKH - cpaHTaCTHyeCKYIO HCTOPHIO npo AnHCY, xoropas nonana B CTpaHY YY.Qec. Anaca H.QeT no AflHHHOMY npoxony H BXO,QHT B H~3KHH san ... We are following her. Mbl cne,QyeM aa He~, 06bSfCHSfSf, no KaKoMY npHHLtHny asrop, flblOHC Kspponn, "paccrasan' apTHKIlH.

Drink. Me and Eat Me!

BbrneVi MeH5I ~ CbeWb MeH~1

Alice goes into a long, low hall. In the middle of the hall she sees a little table. Anaca BXO,QHT B KaKoH-To He3HaKoMblH AflHHHbIH, HH3KHH san. B cepeAHHe sroro sana oaa SH,QHT HOBblH npe,QMeT: KaKOH-TO ManeHbKHH CTon.

The table has three legs. The table is made of glass. Y sroro crona TpH HO)f(KH. lt1 STOT cron cnenaa H3 CTeKIla .

.Qanee, Ha npOT~)f(eHHH acero paccxasa, aan H CTOn 6y,QYT CPHrypHpoBaTb C onpe,QeneHHblM apTHKneM.

Alice goes to the table and sees a little bottle. The bottle has the words "Drink Me" on it. Anaca nO,QXO,QHT K 03HaYeHHOMy crony, BH,QHT KaKYIO-TO ManeHbKYIO 6YTblnOYKY. Ha STOH 6YTblnOYKe KOHKpeTHble cnosa, a HMeHHO "BblneH MeH~".

She takes the bottle and tastes it. The taste is very nice.

OHa 6epeT BblWe03HayeHHYIO 6yrbln04KY H npooyer ee. SKYC Y Hee OyeHb npHSfTHbIH.

She has a strange feeling as if she 'is shutting up like a telescope. Y Hee KaKoe-TO crpasaoe OL1-'y~eHHe: KaK 6Y.QTO osa CKIl8AbIBaeTCSf - TaK, KaK CKIl8AbIBaeTCSf nlO6aSf nO,Q30pHaSf rpyea,

In a minute Alice is only ten inches high. -lepea MHHYTY, acero yepe3 O.QHY, Anaca crana scero .QeCSfTb .QIOHMOB B BbICOry.

Then she sees a little glass box. The box is under the table. She opens the box and finds a very small cake with the

92

words "Eat Me"... 3aTeM OHa B~A~T KaKYIO-TO CTet<n~HHYIO Kop060'-lKY. STa Kop060'-tKa HaxOA~Tc~ nOA CTonOM, KOTOPbl~ HaM Y>Ke 3HaKOM. OHa orxpusaer STY Kop060'-lKY ~ HaxOA~T TaM O'-leHb ManeHbKoe n~pO>KHOe, Ha KOTOPOM onpeneneaaue cnosa, BOT ST~: "CbeWb MeH~" ...


Hexoropue cYLl.\eCTB~TenbHble ace BpeM~ cOnpOBO>K.QaIOT,;.

C~ onpe.QeneHHblM apT~KJ1eM. BepHee, OH nOCTO~HHO ~M npenuiecrayer. Ilnasera, aa KOTOpO~ Mbl >K~BeM - OHa eA~HCTBeHHa~ ~ HenOBTop~Ma~, TO'-lHO TaK, KaK Hawe He60, uauie COnHL.\e ~ nyna, CTOPOHbl CBeTa TO>Ke scema C onpeAeneHHblM apT~KJ1eM.

The earth goes round the sun. - 3eMn~ apautaerca BOKpyr conaua,

The moon goes round the earth. - nYHa epauiaercs soxpyr

3eMn~.

Look at the sky. - nOCMOTp~Te aa He60.

We live in the north. - Mbl >KHBeM Ha ceBepe.

The sun rises in the east. - COnHL.\e BCTaeT Ha BOCTOKe. It sets in the west. - OHO C8A~TC~ Ha sanane,

It is warm in the south. - Ha ore renno.

Reading - '-tTeHMe

STY ~CTOp~1O npo M~cTepa 6n~cca aanacan aHrn~~cK~~ CO'-l~H~Tenb .[bKOH POHanbA TonK~H. M~cTep 6n~cc )I(~BeT B AOMe aa xoneae. Mr Bliss lives in a house on a hill. OH HOC~T L.\~n~HAP. He wears a tophat. OH Aep)l(~T B Ka'-leCTBe AOMaWHero >K~BOTHOro .Qn~HHoweee CYl1.\ecTBO C TenOM Kpon~Ka. He has a pet, an animal with a very long neck. STO >K~pa¢loKponHK. Ha3BaH~e ¢laHTaCT~'-IeCKOrO ssepa Girabbit cocTaBneHo,· KaK Mbl .Qor8AbIBaeMC~, H3 giraffe (>K~pa¢l) 11 rabbit (xpona«). The Girabbit can talk - just like Mr Smith's horse.

93

Mr Bliss and His Pet

MHcrep 6nHcc H era ~eTBepoHor~H n~6~Me~

Mr Bliss lives in a house. It is a white house with a red roof. The house has high ceilings and a very high front door, because Mr Bliss is a tall man and he wears a very high tophat.

One day Mr Bliss looks out of the window early in the

morning.

"It is a fine day!" he says to the Girabbit. "Of course it isl" says the Girabbit.

Mr Bliss keeps the Girabbit in the garden. The Girabbit lives in a deep, deep hole in the ground. He is blind, so he never knows if the sun is in the sky or not. All days are fine to him, because his skin is of mackintosh. He knows very little about the daytime. He usually goes to bed after breakfast and gets up before supper ...

Words - Cnoaa

wear {WE8] - HOCHTb, Ha,QeBaTb; early ['8:1i] - paso: of course [av'ko:s] - KOH84HO; deep [di.p] - rny6oKH~; hole {hou 1] - aopa: blind [b l a ind] - cnenoa: skin [skin] - uixvpa. KO)K8; mackintosh {'m£ekintoS] - npope3HHeHH851 TK8Hb; daytime {'deitaim] - JlHeBHOe BpeM5I, JleHb; supper ['SAp8] - Y>KHH.

Notes - npMMe"laHMR

1. M~cTep 6n~cc Aep)f(~T )K~paq>oKpon~Ka a C8.Qy. Mr Bliss keeps him in the garden. Garden noaansercs a TeKCTe anepable, o.QHaKO OH cpasy ~cnonb3yeTc~ C onpe.QeneHHblM apraxneM, nOTOMY LITO nOH~THo: ~.QeT peLib 0 cane rnasaoro repos. 111 xorna OH ablrn~.QbIBaeT ~3 oxaa, STO OKHO ero .QoMa.

npeAcTaB~M: Bbl Y ce6~ AOMa, Bbl c 6paToM ~n~ cecrpoa 06MeH~aaeTecb q>pa3aM~.

\

Where is the cat? - rAe xouixa? (Hawa KowKa.)

She is in the garden. - OHa a C8AY. (8 HaweM CBtly.) Did you hear the bell? - Tbl cnsuuana 3BOHOK? (3S0HOK ne

Haweii ~Bepu.)

94

There is somebody at the door. - KTO-TO Y .QseplII. (Y Hawei1 BXO,qHOi1 t:lBepH.)

It is the postman. - 3TO no-rransos. (n04TanbOH C Hawei1 noutu, KOTOPblM pa3HOCHT nHCbMa KaJK,QbIH ,QeHb).

2. nplIInaraTenbHoe high [h a i] (BbICOKlII~) nplllMeHlIIMo K ropav, cooPY>KeHlIIflM, sepTlIIKanbHblM npe.QMeTaM, ueHaM. OAHaKo 0 BblCOKOM -ienoaexe rosopsr tall [to.I],

Mr Bliss is a tall man. - MlIIcTep 6nlllcc BbICOKlII~ YenOBeK. He wears a high hat. - OH HOClIIT BbleoKYIO uinsmy.

His house has a high roof. - Y ero .QOMa BblCOKaSl xpsuua,

Vl3 TeKCTa "ssrrexaer", 4TO B .QOMe 6nVlcca, KaK B 6onbwlIIHcrse aHrnlll~CKlIIX 4aCTbiX AOMOB, ecrs .QBe ABepH: front door - masaaa, "napanaas" aseps, BXO.Q C yn lIIUbl , III back door - BXO.Q e npoTlIIBOnOnO>KHO~ CTOPOHbl .QOMa, 3a.QHflSI nseps.

3. OT 4erO-TO orxaauaaacs, 4To-n1ll60 onposepraa, Mbl 3a4acTYtO Vlcnonb3yeM orpauaaae ABa pasa: s:I HM"IerO He 3HalO, fI HM"IerO He CKIDKY... B aHrnlll~eKOM npe.QnO)t(eHlIIlII ronsxo O.QHO orpauasae, xoropoe 4a~e acero supaxeao C nOMO~blO not (He) Hnlll no (HeT); ecrs raxxe "orpauarensaue" cnosa never (HlIIKorAa), nothing (HlIIYTO), nobody (HHKTO).

51 HlIIKorAa He onaanueao. - I am never late. s:I HlII~ero He 3HalO. - I know nothing.

s:I HlIIKoro He 3HalO. - I know nobody.

s:I HlIIKOMY He sepo. - I trust nobody.

4. TaK BOT, VI Jl)fo1pa66HT, OH xe >KHpacpOKponlllK, 6YAYYlII enenblM, HlIIKorAa He 3HaeT, ee~~ac .QeHb HnH H04b. Cne.QYIO~He npennoxeaaa cocrasneau C nOMOlLtbtO if (ecna), xoropoe B .QaHHOM cnY4ae 03Ha4aeT nM.

He never knows if the sun is in the sky. - OH HlIIKor.Qa He 3HaeT, ecrs nH con Hue B He6e.

He never knows if it is day or night. - OH HlIIKorAa He 3HaeT, .QeHb nlll ee~~ac lIInlll HOYb.

95

If BO scex 3T~X np~Mepax COeA~Hs:leT ABa npocrux npeAJ10- )l(eH~s:I B OAHO CnO)KHoe.

We ask him if he knows English. - Mbl cnpauraaaera (ero), 3HaeT n~ OH aHrn~~CK~~.

Mr Bliss asks the Girabbit if it is a fine day. - M~cTep Bnacc cnpauiaaaer y .Q>K~p366~Ta, s:lCHbIA n~ ceronas AeHb.

TaKYtO )l(e CBs:l3ylO~ytO pons aunonaaer COt03 because [bi'ko.z ] (norouy ~TO, T8K KaK).

He goes to bed because he is tired. - OH nO)K~TCs:I cnars, nOToMY ~TO YCTan.

He knows little about the sun because he is blind. - OH 3HaeT Mano 0 con H,-,e , nOToMY ~TO OH cnenoa,

The rooms are high because the tenant is a tall man. - KOMHaTbl BbICOK~e, nOToMY ~TO )I(~ne,-, sucoxoro pOCTa.

Word - CnOBO

Some [SAm] ecrpe-ranocs HaM B 3Ha~eH~~ HeCKonbKO (nepsn ~C~~Cns:leMbIM~ CYLLteCTB~TenbHbIM~) ~ HeMHoro (nepen He~C~~Cns:leMbIM~). Lt1HorAa Mbl nepeBOA~M ero KaK HeKOTOPblit K8KOM-TO.

ECTb o~eHb ynoTpe6~TenbHble cnosa, B COCTaB KOTOPblX BXOA~T some - aTO something (~TO-TO), somebody (KTO-TO) ~ sometimes (~HorAa).

Give me some apples. - Jla~Te MHe HeCKonbKO s:l6noK. Give me some milk. - .QaATe MHe HeMHoro MonOKa. Some people are blind. - Hexoropue ntOA~ cnenue,

I see something on the ground. - ~ B~)t(y ~TO-TO Ha 3eMne. He trips over something. - OH 060 ~TO-TO cnoruxaercs.

I see somebody in the garden. - ~ B~)t(y KorO-TO B C8AY. Somebody broke my cup. - KTO-TO pa36~n MOtO ~awKy. He is late sometimes. - OH onaanusaer ~HorAa.

96

Question - Bonpoc

Bbl yrsepxnana, '-ITO 3eMnR no~aHrnM~cKM the earth. OA~ HaKO B npO'-lMTaHHOM orpusxe Mbl BCTpeTMnM COBceM npyroe cnOBO - the ground. nOMHMTe: the Girabbit lives in a deep hole in the ground. Kaxoe xe cnOBO "npaeansaee"?

OTBeT: The earth, C onpeAeneHHblM apTMKIleM, - STO nnaaera, Ha KOTOPOl1 Mbl }t(MBeM. It is the planet on which we live. ~HorAa BCTpe'-laeTCSI aanacasae the Earth, C 6onbwo~ 6YKBbl, KaK Ha3BaHMe. Ecna 6e3 apTMKIlSl, earth - aTO 3eMnSi KaK rpyHT, STO nouaa.

CYLUecTBMTenbHoe ground nOApa3YMeBaeT nOBepxHOCTb, 38M~ rno, no KOTOpO~ Mbl XOAMM, Ha KOTOpO~ CTPOMM, MrpaeM B cnopraaaue Mrpbl ... KCTaTM, ground Mcnonb3yeTcSI B 3Ha4eHMM nnO~Ka, HanpMMep, playground (nnouianxa A11S1 Mrp).

The Sun warms the Earth. - Conaue HarpeBaeT 3eMfllO. Primitive people made their dwellings of earth. - nepB06blT~ Hble nlOAM nenana )t(Mn~l1\a M3 3eMnM.

Here is a pile of earth. - 3.qecb KY'-la 3eMnM.

It comes from that hole in the ground. - OHa M3 TO~ HOPbl B 3eMne.

A mole makes tunnels in the ground. - KpOT aenaer npoxonu B 3eMne.

The bear lies on the ground. - MeABeAb nexar Ha 3eMne. A cone falls to the ground. - W~wKa nanaer Ha 3eMnlO.

Discussion - 06CY*AeHMe

Mbl He npOCTO TaK ynoMSlHyn~ MeABeASI M WMWKy: 3TO Mbl rOTOBMMCSI K BbinonHeHMIO rpaMMaT~'-IeCKOrO ynpa)t(HeHMSI, B KOTOPOM paCCKa3blBaeTCSI npo BMHH~-nyxa L-1 ero APy3e~. rnaBHoro npyra 30ByT Piglet, "'ITO 6YKBanbHO nopoceHo"teK, HO Mbl np~BbIKIl~ K nepeeo.Qy nRTa"toK. iI1MSI KeHrypeHKa Roo 06pa30BaHo OT kangaroo (xeurypy).

97

nyx XOTen C04~H~Tb CT~WOK 06 ynasureji W~WKe. nOTOM OH ~306pen ~rpy: 6pocaTb npyT~K~ B pY4eC1 C o,QHoC1 CTOPOHbl MOCTa ~ cMoTpeTb C APyroC1 CTOPOHbl, 4eC1 npyra« sunnsraer nepBblM. 06paT~Te oco6oe BH~MaH~e Ha npennora. Pay attention to the prepositions.

Pooh picks up a cone. - nyx nOAH~MaeT W~WKy.

He makes a rhyme about it. - OH C04~HReT CT~WOK 0 Hel1. He picks up a stick. - OH nOAH~MaeT npyrax.

He drops it into the water from the bridge. - OH 6pocaeT ero a BOAY C MOCTa.

Pooh, Piglet and Roo drop sticks into the stream. - nyx, nRTa40K ~ Py 6pOCatOT npyT~K~ B pY4el1.

They wait to see whose stick comes first. - OH~ >K.QyT, 4T06bl nocvorpers, 4el1 npyra« nORB~TCR nepBblM.

They watch the stream. OH~ CMOTPRT Ha pY4el1.

They call this game Poohsticks. - OH~ aaauaaior sTY ~rpy nyxnpYT~K~.

npORBlo1B AeAYKT~BHble cnocoeuocra, Mbl norananacs: ecna Poohsticks 6e3 apraxns, 3Ha4~T, apraxne He HY>KeH nspen Ha3BaH~RMlo1 ~rp. Bepao, That's right.

Tim likes basketball. - Tlo1MY HpaB~TcR 6aCKeT6on.

Tennis is a game for two. - TeHHlo1c - ~rpa AflR ABOlo1X. Football is a team game. - cDYT60n - KOMaHAHaR ~rpa. The school has a ground for playing volleyball. - Y urxons:

ecn, nnouranxa AflR lo1rpbl B Bonel16on.

aTO npasano pacnpocrpaasercs He ronsxo Ha cnopraaaue 3aHRTlo1R. np~BeAeM np~Mepbl C HaCTonbHblM~ ~ KOMnbtOTepHblMlo1 ~rpaMlo1.

Tim and Tom play chess. - Tlo1M ~ TOM lo1rpatOT B uraxvaru. Let's play Monopoly. - .QaBal1Te noarpaeu B "Moaonoruno". Tlm's favourite computer game is Mortal Combat. - flto6~ ..

MaSf KOMnbtoTepHa~ ~rpa Tlo1Ma - "CMepTenbHaSf cxaarxa".

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KOHCTaHTHH BaCHHLeB