Objective:

To determine the coefficient of friction between flat belt and pulley.

Theory:
Refer to the lab manual.
Apparatus:
Refer to the lab manual.
Procedures:
Refer to the lab manual.
Results:
Angle of
Contact,
45

60

90

120

150

180

Angle of
Contact, rad.

Load on Belt
T2 (N)

5
=0.785 rad
180
10
15
20
25

5
60
=1.047 rad
180
10
15
20
25

5
90
=1.571 rad
180
10
15
20
25

5
120
=2.094 rad
180
10
15
20
25

5
150
=2.618 rad
180
10
15
20
25

5
180
=2.880 rad
180
10
15
20
25
45

Load on
Torque
Hanger, WT(N)
2.5
5.0
8.8
13.0
16.0
2.7
6.5
10.5
14.5
18.0
3.1
7.5
11.9
16.8
21.0
3.4
8.3
12.2
18.5
24.5
3.6
9.1
14.4
19.5
25.4
3.9
10.4
15.8
20.7
27.5

T 2
W T

25.05.0
16.02.5

=1.48 1
=

25.05.0
18.02.7

=1.307
=

25.05.0
21.03.1

=1.117
=

25.05.0
24.53.4

=0.948
=

25.05.0
25.43.6

=0.917
=

25.05.0
27.53.9

=0.848

Angle at 45
30.0

25.0

25.0

20.0

T2

20.0

15.0

15.0

10.0

5.0

10.0

5.0

0.0
0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

25.0

30.0

WT

Angle at 60
30.0

25.0

25.0

20.0

T2

20.0

15.0

15.0

10.0

5.0

0.0
0.0

10.0

5.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

WT

20.0

Angle at 90
30.0

25.0

25.0
20.0

20.0

T2

15.0

15.0
10.0

10.0
5.0

5.0
0.0
0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

WT

Angle at 120
30.0

25.0

25.0
20.0

20.0

15.0

T2

15.0

10.0

10.0
5.0

5.0
0.0
0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

WT

20.0

25.0

30.0

Angle at 150
30.0
25.0

25.0
20.0

20.0

T2

15.0

15.0
10.0

10.0
5.0

5.0
0.0
0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

WT

Angle at 180
30.0

25.0

25.0

20.0

T2

20.0

15.0

15.0

10.0

10.0

5.0

5.0

0.0
0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

WT

20.0

25.0

30.0

Angle of
Contact, rad.
0.785 rad

T2
WT
1.48 1

T1 T2
=
+1
WT WT

T1
T2

1.481+ 1=2.481

2.481
=1.675
1.481

log e 1.675=0.516

log e

( TT 12 )

1.047 rad

1.307

1.307+1=2.307

2.307
=1.765
1.307

log e 1.765=0.568

1.571rad

1.117

1.117+1=2.117

2.117
=1.895
1.117

log e 1.895=0.639

2.094 rad

0.948

0.948+1=1.948

1.948
=2.055
0.948

log e 2.055=0.720

2.618 rad

0.917

0.917+1=1.917

1.917
=2.091
0.917

log e 2.091=0.738

3.142rad

0.847

0.847+1=1.847

1.847
=2.181
0.847

log e 2.181=0.780

ln
=

T1
T2

45 =

0.516
0.785

45 =0.731

60 =

0.568
1.047

45 =0.561

90 =

0.639
1.571

45 =0.407

120 =

0.720
2.094

45 =0.331

150 =

0.73 8
2.618

150 =0.281

180 =

0.780
3.142

180 =0.248

Loge(T1/T2) versus Angle of Contact,

0.9

0.8

0.78
0.74

0.72

0.7
0.64
0.6
0.57
0.5

0.52

ln 1/ 2
0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0
0.5

1.5

2.5

The gradient of the graph is the coefficient of friction,

=

0.7380.568
2.6181.047

=0.108

for the belt

3.5

Conclusion:
1.) The value of coefficient of value is reasonable for the belt material on steel
because the coefficient of friction is always greater than 0 and smaller than 1.
Besides, the value is 0.108 is very strong enough and is suitable for a belt.
2.) Pulley radius and belt tensions affect the system's torque capacity. when
there's two pulleys the diameter differences and the distance between the
pulley centres will also affect the angle the belt wraps around each pulley.
Smaller of two pulley will have smaller wrap angle. Smaller wrap angle
requires higher belt tension for same torque transmission capacity. A larger
driver pulley will allow the belt to run faster and, for a given belt tension,
transmit more power.
3.) The peak torque that can be transmitted with a belt is a function of the angle
of contact with the pulley. This is because the belt and pulley system rely
solely on friction for transmission of torque.