MOY Review

Social Studies

Reasons for Exploration

God

Religious Freedom, Spread

Christianity

Gold

Gain riches (gold, cash

crops, natural resources)

Glory

dominance

own the most land/assert

Reasons for Colonization

Mercantilism purpose of colonies is to
make the mother country rich.
Religious Freedom Pilgrims (Plymouth),
Puritans (Massachusetts Bay), Quakers
(Pennsylvania), Catholics (Maryland)
Economic Opportunity Rumors of vast
riches, opportunity to start a new life

The Big European

Explorers/Colonizers
Spain wanted to spread Christianity (God) and take
the Native American gold (Gold), own more land (Glory)
France wanted to gain riches from the fur trade (Gold)
and own more land (Glory)
England wanted to gain riches from gold and cash
crops (Gold), some colonies founded for religious
freedom (God), and gain more land (glory)
Netherlands (Dutch) wanted to gain riches from the
fur trade and lumber (Gold) and to gain more land
(glory)

French
Dutch
English

Spanish

New Hampshire
New York
Pennsylvania
Maryland

South Carolina

Massachusetts
Rhode Island (New
Connecti
England)
New Jersey
cut
Delaware
(Middle)
Virginia
North Carolina
Georgia

(Southern)

Important Colonial People

Anne
Hutchinson

Thomas
Hooker

Helped
found
colony of
Rhode
Island
based on
Religious

Created the
Fundamental
Orders of
Connecticut
which expands
voting rights in
the colonies

John Smith

Credited with
saving the
Jamestown
colony.
If you dont
work, you dont

William Penn

Founded the
Pennsylvania
colony as a
safe haven
for Quakers

Colonial Region

Climate &
Geography

Natural Resources

Economy Trade

New England

Cold, Long
Winters
Poor Soil, Very
Rocky

Atlantic Ocean
Northeast Forest
Natural Harbors

Shipbuilding
Lumber
Fishing/Whaling

Middle

Mild Climate
Rivers
Good Soil

Atlantic Coast
Plains

Farms
Cash Crops =
GRAINS
Shipbuilding

Southern

HOT Climate
VERY fertile soil

Appalachian
Mountains (west)
Wide Rivers
Atlantic Coast

Plantations (large
farms)
Slavery & Cash
Crops
(tobacco, indigo,
rice)

Cold
Cool
Mild
Warm
HOT

Where are
you more
likely to have
large farms
(plantations)?
Why?

Colonial Region

Leader & VIPs

Purpose for
Colonizing

Form of
Government

New England

Pilgrims
Puritans
John Winthrop,
Anne Hutchinson,
Roger Williams,
Thomas Hooker

Religious Freedom
(Puritans &
Pilgrims)
Religious
Tolerance

Mayflower
Compact
Town Meetings
Representative &
Self Government

Middle

Dutch and English

William Penn

Religious Freedom
(Quakers and
Catholics)

Self-Government
Representative
Government

Southern

John Smith, John

Rolfe, James
Oglethorpe,
Pocahontas

Gold through cash

crops:
Tobacco, rice, &
indigo

Virginia House of
Burgesses
Representative
Government

Government of the 13 colonies

All of the colonies practiced Self-Government &
Representative Government
This means that the colonists believed that government
should be controlled and/or heavily influenced by what the
people wanted.
This also means that the people chose those who represented
them in their colonial assembly.
Colonists, especially in New England, were early believers in
expanding the right to vote. However, the general
requirement to vote was that you were a white man who
owned land (some people required Church membership)

Early Influences on Colonial

Governments
English (British) influences:
Magna Carta, 1215 limitations on the kings authority, rule of
law
English Bill of Rights there are certain rights guaranteed to all
British citizens.
Colonial Influences:
Mayflower Compact self-government & representative gov.
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
Virginia House of Burgesses

People that influenced SelfGovernment

William
Blackstone

In a perfect
world, people
should govern
themselves.

Montesquieu

John Locke

Separation of
Powers

Government
gets its power
from the people

The Zenger Trial

In short, Zenger published some revealing and
damaging (but true) details about the Royal Governor of
the New York Colony.
The governor threw Zenger in jail.
British court ruled that Zenger had the right to publish
the truth about the government.
THIS ESTABLISHES FREEDOM OF THE PRESS

Why did King

George III issue
the
Proclamation of
1763?

Proclamation of
1763:
King George III
forbids colonists to
go west of the
Appalachian
Mountains.

How did the

colonists
respond to
the
Proclamation
of 1763?

Colonists
angry
because
they cant
cross
Appalachia

To pay for
French and
Indian War,
King taxes
printed
papers

Colonists
required to
give food
and shelter
to British
soldiers

Unarmed
colonists
killed by
British
soldiers after
an argument

Colonists
must by
their tea
from Britain
and pay the
Kings tax

Punishes
colonists for
their
response to
the Tea Act,
especially

Proclamation of 1763
The colonists were crossing the Appalachian mountains to claim
new territory.
However, the territory was already owned by the French and
Native Americans.
War broke out between the colonists and the French/Natives.
Because the King did not want to have to keep fighting wars on
behalf of the colonists, he banned them from
going west of the
Appalachians
Appalachian Mountains in 1763.

e
W

st

Stamp Act
To help pay for the debts of the French and Indian War,
the British Parliament passed a tax on all printed paper
in the colonies.
This made colonists angry.

arliament is like:
When really they are lik
Colonists are like:

Quartering Act
Parliament passes a law that requires the colonies to
provide food and shelter to the British soldiers.
Colonists naturally do not want to so they get really
angry.

Colonists are like:

Boston Massacre
5 colonists are killed after a street fight in Boston. We
know that an argument was started by the colonists
with a British soldier. In the confusion of it all, the British
soldiers fire into the crowd.
The colonists then flip out and are all like:

Tea Act
In response to the Boston
Massacre, the British Parliament
gets rid of most colonial taxes
except the one on tea.
The Tea Act also requires that
colonists must buy their tea
from Great Britain.
Colonists flip out and riot at the
Boston Tea Party.

Intolerable Acts
In response to the Boston Tea Party, the King punishes
the colonists with a very heavy hand.
One of the biggest punishments was the closing of
Boston Harbor until all of the tea they destroyed was
paid back.
Additionally, Massachusetts loses its right to selfgovernment.
COLONISTS SAY THIS IS ONE STEP TOO FAR.

People of the American Revolution

George
Washington

Commander-In-Chief
of the Continental
Army

Patriot

Thomas
Jefferson

King George III

Author of the
Declaration of
Independence

King of England
Patriots hate him
because he is a
tyrant!

Patriot

Loyalist

Patriot

Patriot

Patriot

Thomas Paine

Benjamin
Franklin

Marquis De La
Fayette

Writes Common Sense

which helps build
support for
independence from
Britain

Delegate at Continental
Congress and
ambassador to France.
Helps win French support

French Colonel who works

for Washington helping to
train the Continental Army.
Also leads French forces
in North America.

Images like the one on the left

are called propaganda. This
particular image shows the British
soldiers firing on unarmed
colonists at the Boston
Massacre.
However, we know that the
colonists started an argument
with the British soldiers.
Additionally, the colonists were
shouting insults at the soldiers
and throwing snowballs and large
chunks of ice (ice can seriously
injure someone because it is
super sharp).
Basically propaganda is used to

Great Awakening vs Enlightenment

Great Awakening

Enlightement

Religious revival in North America. This A new focus on science and an

is a time period where people start
emphasis on facts.
asking questions about religion

People start challenging

authority. People embrace the
idea of equality and question why they
are treated unequally in society
because God made them equal.

People wanted reasoning and common

sense.

JOHN LOCKE

RIGHTS

NATURAL

Civil Disobedience
This is when people challenge authority an idea
that developed during the First Great
Awakening. Some examples of challenging
authority include:
Holding Protests against British policies
Organizing boycotts of British goods
Distributing pamphlets encouraging independence
like Common Sense.

Thomas
Jefferson

John Locke:
Natural Rights
Life, Liberty &
Pursuit of
Happiness

July 4, 1776

Thomas Paine:
Common Sense

In short, the king keeps

hurting the colonists:
Taxation without
representation
Violating right to rule

To justify why the

colonists were
breaking away from
Great Britain

Natural Rights

Unalienable Rights

John Locke:
Life
Liberty
Property

Rights come from

God.

Thomas Jefferson in
the Declaration of
Independence:
All men
have
these
rights
and they
cant be
taken
away.

Life
Liberty
Pursuit of Happiness
Government should
protect these rights.

First
battl
e of
War!

Proves
British
can be
defeat
ed

Coloni
es
official
ly
break
away

Washing
ton

defea
ts
Britis
h

Turni
ng
point!

Enduri
ng
hardsh
ip for
the
cause!

End
of
the
War!