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Abstract
In the late 1980s the bio behavioral program was developed and it was to use in
helping treat clients with Schizophrenia disorder to live a much normal life then most
who dont combined treatment or just dont have any significant in continuing treatment.
This paper will show the difference in models and how they play a role in helping to treat
and how the bio behavioral program helps clients better then most models. It will also
explain the criteria for Schizophrenia and how to diagnose using the manual as well as
how good antipsychotic drugs are used in helping their symptoms that accompany
schizophrenia. Explanations on how each new age drugs are better for most who are
suffering with this disorder. Case studies and other explanations will help support the
theory behind using bio behavioral approach in treating this complex disorder.
To go in depth a little more with different symptoms there are three different
categories that explain different types of sub symptoms that someone could expires. First
there are positive symptoms, which are pathological excesses In this category
Hallucinations, delusions, and inappropriate affects fall under here. Disorganized
thinking and speech is another sign of positive symptoms this is where they not able to
speak in peculiar ways and not able to talk in logical. They may also have conversations
where they start with on topic and lead to another thinking that they are making sense.
Some use words that only make sense to them when speaking to others also they rhyme
when speaking as well that is called clang. Inappropriate affects are considers to be when
a client is being told some tragic news but would be smiling, this is something that people
with schizophrenia experience because they cannot comprehend what is really going on.
When diagnosing schizophrenia its needed to look at the DSM-5 criteria when
needing to see if a client fits all the necessary criteria. A client is needed to have at least
two of the following symptoms during on month period time. Delusions, hallucinations,
disorganized speech, grossly abnormal psychomotor behavior, including catatonic, and
negative symptoms. They also need to be functioning in school, work, interpersonal
relations, or self-care is markedly below the level of achieved prior to the onset of
symptoms. Finally they are continuous disturbance for at least six months and should at
least, of which all symptoms are at full and active.
There are many ways to go about treating schizophrenia through different models
as well as combining models to find a treatment plan that works well with those being
treated. In the past people with schizophrenia where placed into public institution because
they failed to respond to typical treatment. In coming time treatment and institution are
getting better with time when treating those clients instead of putting them in a institution
a left there for as long as they live.
When side effects show in treatment some are given other medication to treat the
symptoms and some are taken off the antipsychotic drug that is causing those effects.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy educates clients with their disorder, they also help
teach them their hallucinations and their delusions, which help them, monitor there own
symptoms and their coming and goings. Cognitive-behavioral therapy helps clients gain
control of there hallucinations and delusions but they dont cure there symptoms only
helps them live with them and have a life capable of living. One thing is that this therapy
tends to want to accept their hallucinations instead of dismissing them.
Biobehavioral therapy was developed in the 1980s this treatment is that is used to
better suit the clinets and family members. They use five behavior models, these models
being used to teaching them skills that they are lacking in due to there symptoms,
management of symptoms and medications, self-care and grooming skills, and job
findings. Through this whole treatment the client is involved from beginning and end
including family members. Clients with Schizophrenia tend to not want to take their
medications and so this treatment helps give clients confidence that they are being heard
and understood through out their treatment.
The biobehavioral therapy is one of the best and most invasive kind of treatment,
they help even the in and out patient that tend to get of there medications due to lack of
supervision or side effects. Giving a client a sense of control of their disorder and a life of
there own benefits them more in many case. In the biobehavioral they set up available
community services, teaching them techniques to help them stabilize. Another treatment
is family therapy, which helps the clients family member that having a hard time
understanding there diagnosis and helping them cope and live with this disorder as well.
Having the families through the whole treatment and getting them to comply with some
of their problems and help them adjust to their needs in the house.
In conclusion Schizophrenia is a complex and very demanding disorder that very
expensive and time consuming, but with the right treatment plan and cooperation with
everyone with involved in the clients life. In dealing with this disorder the biobehavioral
treatment and antipsychotic combination is the best treatment plan out there in todays
time frame that helps clients live normal lives. This combination helps the complex case
that are in and out of hospitals due to improper drug use. The two combination of
treatment gets the clients involved and that is something that many treatments seem to
forget about and how they lose their clients.
References
Book:
Comer, R. J. (2014). Abnormal Psychology (8th ed.). New York, NY:
Ethan E. Gorenstein and Ronald j. Comer (2015) Case Studies in Abnormal Psychology
(2nd ed). New York, NY
Agnes B. Hatfield, Harriet P. Lefley, John S. Strauss, Publisher: Guilford Press; (May 21,
1993) Surviving Mental Illness: Stress, Coping, and Adaptation
Mona Wasow, Publisher: Science & Behavior Books; (July 1995) The Skipping Stone:
The Rippling Effect of Mental Illness in the Family
American Psychiatric Association, APA, Publisher: Amer Psychiatric Pr; 1st edition
(January 15, 1997) Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Patients with Schizophrenia
Websites:
Robert Paul Liberman, Received 16 June 1993, Accepted 31 August 1993, Available
online 14 June 2006 Biobehavioral treatment and rehabilitation of schizophrenia
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005789405801479