Cornell Notes

Topic/Objective:

Name: Hugo Bustamante

Chloroplasts

Class/Period: Bio/P6
Date: 11/22/15

Essential Question: Investigate the molecular pathway through which light energy is
transferred to chemical energy and dispersed throughout an ecosystem
Questions:
What four factors
affect
photosynthesis?
What is a Granum?
Where does
photosynthesis
take place?
What do
Chlorophylls
reflect?

Notes:
Chloroplasts
- Photosynthesis takes place in Chloroplasts
- Chloroplasts (Chloro-Green, Plast-Cell)
- The thylakoids of the chloroplast is full of photosynthesis
pigments that capture the energy of the sun. A full stack is
called a granum.
- Chlorophyll is pigment found in the thylakoid.
- Plants need many types of pigments to survive because
pigments capture different kinds of light energy
- Mainly: Chlorophyll reflects green, absorbs other colors
(wavelengths)
- Carotenoid reflects red, orange, yellow and absorbs other
colors
- The area outside the thylakoid id called the STROMA

What does a LDP

produce?

Light Dependent Phase

- Uses energy from the sun to produce ATP and NADPH
- NADPH is an electron carrier, and accept and hold electrons
and hydrogen to turn it into NADP
- The H in NADPH came from H2O
- The energy from the light, breaks water in the thylakoid
membrane and uses the H to make NADPH. The leftover
Oxygen from water is released as O2
- Light + H2O + NAADP + ADP = O2 + ATP + NADPH
- Light + H2O = O2 + ATP
Light Independent Phase
- The ATP and NADPH formed by the light dependent reaction
contain lots of energy but need to be stored in a stable
compound, like glucose, for later use
Summary: From this weeks notes I learned many things. I learned that photosynthesis takes place in a
chloroplast. Also that there are four factors that affect photosynthesis. Knowing what the Calvin Cycle does and
where it belongs in all of this chloroplast work. Many things were taught this week and I learned something new.

Questions:

Notes:
- The Calvin Cycle use 6 molecules of CO2 to make glucose
(C6H12O6) using the energy from the ATP & NADPH
- CO2 + ATP + NADPH = C6H12O6 + NADP + ADP

Calvin Cycle
- Uses ATP and NADPH from the light dependent reactions to
produce high energy sugars

Factors Affecting Photosynthesis

- One can happen without the other
- All factors are limiting
- Light intensity: Increases boost process
- CO2 concentration: Must have enough CO@ for reaction to
happen
- Water: Increase amount of water, we are going to increase
the speed of rxn.
- Temperature: Decrease the temp, slow down rxn. Too hot,
death happens.

Summary: