SMPK1 BPK Penabur Bandung

Name:

Learning Resource

Number:

BIOLOGY

Group:
Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plant

I.

Objective
To observe the structure of a flower and identify the function of every parts.

II.

Apparatus and materials

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Hibiscus flower or any other flower

Forceps
Mounting needle
Microscope
Luv
Object glass
Cover glass
Razor or cutter
Petri dish
Sugar solution

III.

Theory

Reproduction in plants takes place in a variety of ways. This activity studies

the reproduction process in flowering plants that begins with a flower. The process
of sexual reproduction in flowering plants takes place in the flower which is a
complex structure made up of several parts. Most flowers have four major organs:
petals, sepals, stamens, and pistils. Some flowers are incomplete and do not
have all four organs. For example the squash plant has separate male and female
flowers, with the male flowers having stamens but no pistils and the female flowers
having pistils but no stamens. Some parts of the flower such as the stamens and
pistils are directly involved in fertilization and seed production. Other parts such as
the petals and sepals are not part of the sexual reproduction process but may be
essential to attracting a specific bird, bat, or insect to pollinate the flower.
For many plants, pollination is an important step towards sexual
reproduction. Pollination is the transport of pollen from the anther of a flower to the
stigma of (usually another) flower. Pollen is produced on the anther. Pollen is
brought from one flower to another by wind, insects, birds, or other such vectors.
Once pollen lands on the stigma of a flower, pollination is complete. However,
sexual reproduction has yet to take place. Thus, there is a difference between
pollination and fertilization, the union of egg and sperm.
To complete reproduction, the sperm cells in the pollen grain must be
transported down the style and brought to the egg cell within the ovary. This is the
job of the tube cell, another part of the pollen grain. The tube cell expands (it
doesnt divide) with the sperm cells held at its tip. It expands down the full length
of the style (sometimes quite a distance: the long tassels on ears of corn are
styles) until it reaches the opening of the ovary, and deposits the sperm cells at
the egg, or ovule. Fertilization has occurred when one sperm cell unites with one
egg cell.
IV.

V.

Procedure
a. Observe the flower as a whole, point and name the parts of the flower.
b. Cut the flower longitudinally and separate the stamen and pistil. Draw both stamen and
pistil then draw them in the observation part.
c. Make a fresh slide of pollen using glucose solution as the medium. Observe it under the
microscope and draw the pollen.
Observation
a. Label the whole flower diagram below.

b. Stamen, pistil and pollen.

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VI.

Stamen

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Pistil

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Pollen

Questions
1. The male part of the flower is called ___________________, this structure is divided into
_________________ and _________________. The female part of the flower is called
_________________, this structure is divided into ___________________, __________________,
and ___________________.
2. The process in which the pollen touch the stigma is called __________________. The
process in which the pollen touch the stigma of another plant from the same species
but different in variety is called ____________________________________. The fusion
between male and female gametes in the flower is called ___________________.
3. Observe the image of the flowers below.

a. Which flower is a wind-pollinated flower?

______________________________________________________________________________
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b. State three characteristics of wind-pollinated flowers.
- _______________________________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________________________
c. Give one example of wind-pollinated flower.
______________________________________________________________________________
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d. Which flower is insect-pollinated?
______________________________________________________________________________
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e. State two characteristics of insect-pollinated flower.
- _______________________________________________________________________________
- _______________________________________________________________________________
f. Name three insect-pollinated flowers.
______________________________________________________________________________
____
VII.

Conclusion
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- ________________________________________________________________________________________
- ________________________________________________________________________________________
- ________________________________________________________________________________________
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